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Miotto DS, Duchatsch F, Dionizio A, Buzalaf MAR, Amaral SL. Physical Training vs. Perindopril Treatment on Arterial Stiffening of Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats: A Proteomic Analysis and Possible Mechanisms. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11051381. [PMID: 37239052 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11051381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Arterial stiffness is an important predictor of cardiovascular events. Perindopril and physical exercise are important in controlling hypertension and arterial stiffness, but the mechanisms are unclear. (2) Methods: Thirty-two spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) were evaluated for eight weeks: SHRC (sedentary); SHRP (sedentary treated with perindopril-3 mg/kg) and SHRT (trained). Pulse wave velocity (PWV) analysis was performed, and the aorta was collected for proteomic analysis. (3) Results: Both treatments determined a similar reduction in PWV (-33% for SHRP and -23% for SHRT) vs. SHRC, as well as in BP. Among the altered proteins, the proteomic analysis identified an upregulation of the EH domain-containing 2 (EHD2) protein in the SHRP group, required for nitric oxide-dependent vessel relaxation. The SHRT group showed downregulation of collagen-1 (COL1). Accordingly, SHRP showed an increase (+69%) in the e-NOS protein level and SHRT showed a lower COL1 protein level (-46%) compared with SHRC. (4) Conclusions: Both perindopril and aerobic training reduced arterial stiffness in SHR; however, the results suggest that the mechanisms can be distinct. While treatment with perindopril increased EHD2, a protein involved in vessel relaxation, aerobic training decreased COL1 protein level, an important protein of the extracellular matrix (ECM) that normally enhances vessel rigidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danyelle Siqueira Miotto
- Joint Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences (PIPGCF), Federal University of Sao Carlos and São Paulo State University, UFSCar/UNESP, São Carlos 14801-903, Brazil
| | - Francine Duchatsch
- Joint Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences (PIPGCF), Federal University of Sao Carlos and São Paulo State University, UFSCar/UNESP, São Carlos 14801-903, Brazil
| | - Aline Dionizio
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo-USP, Bauru 17012-901, Brazil
| | | | - Sandra Lia Amaral
- Joint Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences (PIPGCF), Federal University of Sao Carlos and São Paulo State University, UFSCar/UNESP, São Carlos 14801-903, Brazil
- Department of Physical Education, School of Sciences, São Paulo State University-UNESP, Bauru 17033-360, Brazil
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2
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Herrera NA, Duchatsch F, Kahlke A, Amaral SL, Vasquez-Vivar J. In vivo vascular rarefaction and hypertension induced by dexamethasone are related to phosphatase PTP1B activation not endothelial metabolic changes. Free Radic Biol Med 2020; 152:689-696. [PMID: 31978540 PMCID: PMC8546799 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Revised: 01/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Glucocorticoids have important anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activities. Dexamethasone (Dex), a synthetic glucocorticoid, induces insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, and hypertension. The hypertensive mechanisms of Dex are not well understood. Previously, we showed that exercise training prior to Dex treatment significantly decreases blood vessel loss and hypertension in rats. In this study, we examined whether the salutary effects of exercise are associated with an enhanced metabolic profile. Analysis of the NAD and ATP content in the tibialis anterior muscle of trained and non-trained animals indicated that exercise increases both NAD and ATP; however, Dex treatment had no effect on any of the experimental groups. Likewise, Dex did not change NAD and ATP in cultured endothelial cells following 24 h and 48 h of incubation with high concentrations. Reduced VEGF-stimulated NO production, however, was verified in endothelial cultured cells. Reduced NO was not associated with changes in survival or the BH4 to BH2 ratio. Moreover, Dex had no effect on bradykinin- or shear-stress-stimulated NO production, indicating that VEGF-stimulated eNOS phosphorylation is a target of Dex's effects. The PTP1B inhibitor increased NO in Dex-treated cells in a dose-dependent fashion, an effect that was replicated by the glucocorticoid receptor inhibitor, RU486. In combination, these results indicate that Dex-induced endothelial dysfunction is mediated by glucocorticoid receptor and PTP1B activation. Moreover, since exercise reduces the expression of PTP1B and normalized insulin resistance in aging rats, our findings indicate that exercise training by reducing PTP1B activity counteracts Dex-induced hypertension in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naiara Araújo Herrera
- Joint Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, PIPGCF UFSCar/UNESP, Rodovia Washington Luiz, São Carlos/SP, Brazil; Department of Physical Education, São Paulo State University, School of Sciences, Av. Eng. Luiz Edmundo Carrijo Coube, Brazil
| | - Francine Duchatsch
- Joint Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, PIPGCF UFSCar/UNESP, Rodovia Washington Luiz, São Carlos/SP, Brazil; Department of Physical Education, São Paulo State University, School of Sciences, Av. Eng. Luiz Edmundo Carrijo Coube, Brazil
| | - Allison Kahlke
- Department of Biophysics, Redox Biology Program, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Sandra Lia Amaral
- Joint Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, PIPGCF UFSCar/UNESP, Rodovia Washington Luiz, São Carlos/SP, Brazil; Department of Physical Education, São Paulo State University, School of Sciences, Av. Eng. Luiz Edmundo Carrijo Coube, Brazil
| | - Jeannette Vasquez-Vivar
- Department of Biophysics, Redox Biology Program, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States.
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3
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Herrera NA, Duchatsch F, Tardelli LP, Dionísio TJ, Shinohara AL, Santos CF, Amaral SL. MicroRNA-126 upregulation, induced by training, plays a role in controlling microcirculation in dexamethasone treated rats. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2020; 505:110732. [PMID: 31991160 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2020.110732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Microcirculation maintenance is associated with microRNAs. Nevertheless, the role of microRNAs induced by training in preventing dexamethasone (DEX)-induced microvascular rarefaction remains unknown. The study aim was to investigate if training-induced microRNAs are able to improve microcirculation proteins and prevent DEX-induced microvascular rarefaction. Rats underwent training for 8 weeks and then were treated with DEX (50 μg/kg per day, s.c.) for 14 days. Arterial pressure was measured and tibialis anterior (TA) muscle was collected for analyses. DEX induced hypertension concomitantly with capillary density loss (CD, -23.9%) and decrease of VEGF (-43.0%), p-AKT/AKT (-39.6%) and Bcl-2 (-23.0%) and an increase in caspase-3-cleaved protein level (+34.0%) in TA muscle. Training upregulated microRNA-126 expression (+13.1%), prevented VEGF (+61.4%), p-AKT/AKT (+37.7%), Bcl-2 (+7.7%) decrease and caspase-3-cleaved (-23.1%) increase associated with CD (+54.7%) reduction and hypertension prevention. MiRNA-126 upregulation, induced by training, plays a role in controlling microcirculation, which may be a potential target against DEX-induced microvascular rarefaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naiara A Herrera
- Joint Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, PIPGCF UFSCar/UNESP, Rodovia Washington Luiz, km 235 Monjolinho 676, CEP:13565-90, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Francine Duchatsch
- Joint Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, PIPGCF UFSCar/UNESP, Rodovia Washington Luiz, km 235 Monjolinho 676, CEP:13565-90, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Lidieli P Tardelli
- Joint Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, PIPGCF UFSCar/UNESP, Rodovia Washington Luiz, km 235 Monjolinho 676, CEP:13565-90, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Thiago J Dionísio
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Alameda Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla 9-75, CEP 17012-901, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Andre L Shinohara
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Alameda Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla 9-75, CEP 17012-901, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Carlos F Santos
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Alameda Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla 9-75, CEP 17012-901, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Sandra Lia Amaral
- Joint Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, PIPGCF UFSCar/UNESP, Rodovia Washington Luiz, km 235 Monjolinho 676, CEP:13565-90, São Carlos, SP, Brazil; Department of Physical Education - São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Sciences, Av. Eng. Luiz Edmundo Carrijo Coube, 14-01, Vargem Limpa, CEP 17033-360, Bauru, SP, Brazil.
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4
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Herrera NA, Souza FDR, Tardelli LP, Dionisio TJ, Santos CF, Vasquez‐Vivar J, Amaral SL. Exercise Training‐MicroRNA‐126 Upregulation is Associated with Prevention of Dexamethasone‐Mediated Microvascular Rarefaction. FASEB J 2019. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2019.33.1_supplement.682.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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5
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Amaral SL, Duchatsch F, Tardelli LP, Herrera NA, Ruiz TF, Dionísio TJ, Santos CF, Okoshi K, Vicentini CA. Dexamethasone‐Induced Effects on Autonomic Balance, Arterial Stiffness and Cardiac Remodeling in Sedentary and Trained Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats. FASEB J 2019. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2019.33.1_supplement.535.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Lia Amaral
- Department of Physical EducationSão Paulo State University ‐ UNESPBauruBrazil
| | - Francine Duchatsch
- Department of Physical EducationSão Paulo State University ‐ UNESPBauruBrazil
| | - Lidieli P Tardelli
- Department of Physical EducationSão Paulo State University ‐ UNESPBauruBrazil
| | - Naiara A Herrera
- Department of Physical EducationSão Paulo State University ‐ UNESPBauruBrazil
| | - Thalles F.R. Ruiz
- Department of Biological SciencesSão Paulo State University ‐ UNESPBauruBrazil
| | | | - Carlos F Santos
- Discipline of PharmacologyUniversity of São PauloSão PauloBrazil
| | - Katashi Okoshi
- Department of Medical ClinicSão Paulo State University ‐ UNESPBotucatuBrazil
| | - Carlos A Vicentini
- Department of Biological SciencesSão Paulo State University ‐ UNESPBauruBrazil
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6
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Silva RFD, Lacchini R, Pinheiro LC, Dionísio TJ, Jacomini A, Tanus-Santos JE, Amaral SL, Santos CF, Zago AS. Preliminary study about the relationship between estimated training status and RAS polymorphisms on blood pressure and ACE activity in the elderly. J Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone Syst 2018; 19:1470320318782622. [PMID: 29923443 PMCID: PMC6024535 DOI: 10.1177/1470320318782622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Polymorphisms of the renin angiotensin system (RAS) are associated with increases in blood pressure (BP). Physical exercise has been considered the main strategy to prevent this increase. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between estimated training status (TS), BP and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) activity in elderly people classified as low or high risk to develop hypertension according to genetic profile. Methods: A total of 155 elderly participants performed the following assessments: general functional fitness index (GFFI), systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP), blood collection for ACE activity and analyses of the RAS polymorphisms. Results: Uncontrolled hypertensive (UHT) participants presented higher values of SBP and DBP compared with normotensive (NT) and controlled hypertensive (CHT) participants. No differences were found in ACE activity and GFFI between groups. In the high risk group, UHT presented higher values of SBP and DBP compared with other groups. CHT presented higher values of SBP compared with NT. Furthermore, UHT presented higher values of ACE activity compared with CHT and lower values of GFFI compared with NT. Conclusion: MDA, TIA and TIC genetic combinations were associated with high risk of developing hypertension while the maintenance of good levels of TS was associated with lower BP values and ACE activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Fernanda da Silva
- 1 Department of Physical Education, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Science, Bauru, Brazil
| | - Riccardo Lacchini
- 2 School of Nursing of Ribeirão Preto, USP - University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Lucas Cezar Pinheiro
- 3 Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, USP - University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | | | - AndréMourão Jacomini
- 1 Department of Physical Education, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Science, Bauru, Brazil
| | | | - Sandra Lia Amaral
- 1 Department of Physical Education, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Science, Bauru, Brazil
| | | | - Anderson Saranz Zago
- 1 Department of Physical Education, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Science, Bauru, Brazil
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7
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Amaral SL, Fabricio MF, Vidal MR, Ruiz TF, Zago AS, Vicentini CA, Jordão MT, Michelini LC. Non‐invasive assessment of arterial stiffness correlates with age‐related vessel structure: a new Popmètre Device for Rats. FASEB J 2018. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2018.32.1_supplement.578.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Lia Amaral
- Department of Physical EducationSão Paulo State University ‐ UNESPBauruBrazil
| | - Mayara F. Fabricio
- Department of Physical EducationSão Paulo State University ‐ UNESPBauruBrazil
| | - Mateus R. Vidal
- Department of Biological SciencesSão Paulo State University ‐ UNESPBauruBrazil
| | - Thalles F.R. Ruiz
- Department of Biological SciencesSão Paulo State University ‐ UNESPBauruBrazil
| | - Anderson S. Zago
- Department of Physical EducationSão Paulo State University ‐ UNESPBauruBrazil
| | - Carlos A. Vicentini
- Department of Biological SciencesSão Paulo State University ‐ UNESPBauruBrazil
| | - Maria T. Jordão
- Department of Physiology & BiophysicsUniversity of São PauloSão PauloBrazil
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8
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Dionísio TJ, Thiengo CR, Brozoski DT, Dionísio EJ, Talamoni GA, Silva RB, Garlet GP, Santos CF, Amaral SL. The influence of genetic polymorphisms on performance and cardiac and hemodynamic parameters among Brazilian soccer players. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2017; 42:596-604. [DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2016-0608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated whether ACTN3 R577X, AMPD1 C34T, I/D ACE, and M235T AGT polymorphisms can affect performance tests such as jumping, sprinting, and endurance in 220 young male athletes from professional minor league soccer team from São Paulo Futebol Clube, Brazil. I/D ACE and M235T AGT polymorphisms were also analyzed according to cardiac and hemodynamic parameters. Athletes were grouped or not by age. DNA from saliva and Taqman assays were used for genotyping 220 athletes and the results were associated with performance tests. Ventricle mass, ventricle end-diastolic diameter, end-diastolic volume, and ejection fraction were assessed by echocardiogram. Arterial pressure, heart rate, and oximetry were assessed by a cardioscope. The main results of this study were that athletes who carried RR/RX (ACTN3) and DD (ACE) genotypes presented better performance during jump and sprint tests. On the other hand, athletes with ID/II genotype presented better results during endurance test, while AGT genotypes did not seem to favor the athletes during the evaluated physical tests. CC genotype (AMPD1) only favored the athletes during 10-m sprint test. Although there are environmental interactions influencing performance, the present results suggest that RR/RX ACTN3 and ACE DD genotypes may benefit athletes in activities that require strength and speed, while II ACE genotype may benefit athletes in endurance activities. This information could help coaches to plan the training session to improve the athletes’ performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiago José Dionísio
- Joint Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences PIPGCF UFSCar/UNESP, São Carlos 13565-905, Brazil
- Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru 17012-901, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Roberto Braga Silva
- Institute of Bioscience, University of São Paulo State (UNESP), Rio Claro 13506-900, Brazil
| | | | | | - Sandra Lia Amaral
- Joint Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences PIPGCF UFSCar/UNESP, São Carlos 13565-905, Brazil
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9
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da Silva RF, Sertório JTC, Lacchini R, Trapé AA, Tanus-Santos JE, Rush JWE, Amaral SL, Zago AS. Influence of training status and eNOS haplotypes on plasma nitrite concentrations in normotensive older adults: a hypothesis-generating study. Aging Clin Exp Res 2014; 26:591-8. [PMID: 24760600 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-014-0218-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2014] [Accepted: 03/25/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between 3 eNOS gene polymorphisms and training status (TS) in affecting plasma nitrite concentration (NO2) in normotensive adults over 50 years old. Resting blood pressure (BP) was measured in all participants (n = 101). Plasma was taken to analyze: lipid profile, nitrite concentration (NO2) and lipid peroxide levels (T-BARS). Also, genomic DNA was extracted from plasma for genotyping NOS3 polymorphisms (-786T>C; 894G>T; and VNTR in intron 4). TS was determined by one-mile walk test and Functional Fitness Test Battery from AAHPERD (TS1-regular TS; TS2-good TS; and TS3-very good TS). BP was not influenced by TS, but NO2 was 15% higher in TS3 (123 ± 27 nM) compared to TS-2 (106 ± 22 nM). No differences were found in plasma NO2 in the haplotype analyses. However, the presence of the C allele (T-786C) and ASP allele (Glu298Asp) was found to enhance the correlation between TS and NO2 levels (r = 0.492 in C/4b/ASP haplotype and r = 0.855 in C/4a/ASP haplotype). This study thus identifies NOS3 polymorphism-dependent sensitivity to the effects of physical training on plasma NO2. Maintenance of good levels of training status, in carriers of C allele for T-786C polymorphism, combined with ASP allele for Glu298Asp polymorphism, may result in an increase in the NO2 plasma concentrations, which may reflect improved NO bioavailability in older adult normotensive individuals.
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10
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Dionísio TJ, Louzada JCA, Viscelli BA, Dionísio EJ, Martuscelli AM, Barel M, Perez OAB, Bosqueiro JR, Brozoski DT, Santos CF, Amaral SL. Aerobic training prevents dexamethasone-induced peripheral insulin resistance. Horm Metab Res 2014; 46:484-9. [PMID: 24710698 DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1370990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated how proteins of the insulin signaling cascade could modulate insulin resistance after dexamethasone (Dexa) treatment and aerobic training. Rats were distributed into 4 groups: sedentary control (SC), sedentary+Dexa (SD), trained control (TC), and trained+Dexa (TD), and underwent aerobic training for 70 days or remained sedentary. Dexa was administered during the last 10 days (1 mg · kg(-1) per day i. p.). After 70 days, an intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test (ipGTT) was performed. Protein levels of IRS-1, AKT, and PKC-α in the tibialis anterior (TA) muscle were identified using Western blots. Dexa treatment increased blood glucose and the area under the curve (AUC) of ipGTT. Training attenuated the hyperglycemia and the AUC induced by Dexa. Dexa reduced IRS-1 (- 16%) and AKT (- 43%) protein level with no changes in PKC-α levels. Moreover, these effects on IRS-1 and AKT protein level were prevented in trained animals. These results show for the first time that aerobic exercise prevented reductions of IRS-1 and AKT level induced by Dexa in the TA muscle, suggesting that aerobic exercise is a good strategy to prevent Dexa-induced peripheral insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- T J Dionísio
- Department of Physiological Science, Federal University of São Carlos - UFSCAR, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - J C A Louzada
- Department of Physical Education, UNESP - São Paulo State University, Bauru, Brazil
| | - B A Viscelli
- Department of Physical Education, UNESP - São Paulo State University, Bauru, Brazil
| | - E J Dionísio
- Department of Physical Education, UNESP - São Paulo State University, Bauru, Brazil
| | - A M Martuscelli
- Department of Physical Education, UNESP - São Paulo State University, Bauru, Brazil
| | - M Barel
- Department of Physical Education, UNESP - São Paulo State University, Bauru, Brazil
| | - O A B Perez
- Department of Physical Education, UNESP - São Paulo State University, Bauru, Brazil
| | - J R Bosqueiro
- Department of Physical Education, UNESP - São Paulo State University, Bauru, Brazil
| | - D T Brozoski
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, USP, Bauru, Brazil
| | - C F Santos
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, USP, Bauru, Brazil
| | - S L Amaral
- Department of Physiological Science, Federal University of São Carlos - UFSCAR, São Carlos, Brazil
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11
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Amaral SL, Souza LM, Constantino PB, Martuscelli AM. Characterization of different Dexamethasone side effects along time and its possible mechanisms. FASEB J 2013. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.27.1_supplement.lb643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Lia Amaral
- Physical EducationUNESP‐Sao Paulo State UniversityBauruBrazil
- Physiological SciencesFederal University of São CarlosSão CarlosBrazil
| | | | - Paula Bessi Constantino
- Physical EducationUNESP‐Sao Paulo State UniversityBauruBrazil
- Physiological SciencesFederal University of São CarlosSão CarlosBrazil
| | - Aline Mio Martuscelli
- Physical EducationUNESP‐Sao Paulo State UniversityBauruBrazil
- Physiological SciencesFederal University of São CarlosSão CarlosBrazil
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12
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Amaral SL, Perez OAB, Barel M, Bechara LR, Tanaka LY, Dionísio TJ, Andrade Louzada JC, Dionísio EJ, Viscelli BA, Martuscelli AM, Bosqueiro JR, Santos CF, Ramires PR. Preventive effects of exercise training on dexamethasone‐induced hypertension, oxidative stress and peripheral insulin resistance. FASEB J 2010. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.24.1_supplement.982.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Matheus Barel
- Exercise PhysiologyHeart Institute ‐ HCFMUSPBauruBrazil
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13
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Amaral SL, Andrade Louzada JC, Dionísio TJ, Viscelli BA, Dionísio EJ, Bosqueiro JR, Martuscelli AM. Opposite effects of exercise and dexamethasone on skeletal muscle glucose uptake: Role of AMPK and CaMKII. FASEB J 2010. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.24.1_supplement.806.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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14
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Dionísio TJ, Andrade Louzada JC, Viscelli BA, Dionísio EJ, Martuscelli AM, Boaqueiro JR, Santos CF, Amaral SL. Dexamethasone negative side effects on insulin signaling is prevented by Exercise Training: role of IRS‐1 and p‐AKT. FASEB J 2010. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.24.1_supplement.806.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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15
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Coimbra R, Sanchez LS, Potenza JM, Rossoni LV, Amaral SL, Michelini LC. Is Gender Crucial for Cardiovascular Adjustments Induced by Exercise Training in Female Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats? Hypertension 2008; 52:514-21. [DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.108.114744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Evidence of mild hypertension in women and female rats and our preliminary observation showing that training is not effective to reduce pressure in female as it does in male spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) prompt us to investigate the effects of gender on hemodynamic pattern and microcirculatory changes induced by exercise training. Female SHR and normotensive controls (Wistar-Kyoto rats) were submitted to training (55% VO
2
peak; 3 months) or kept sedentary and instrumented for pressure and hindlimb flow measurements at rest and during exercise. Heart, kidney, and skeletal muscles (locomotor/nonlocomotor) were processed for morphometric analysis of arterioles, capillaries, and venules. High pressure in female SHR was accompanied by an increased arteriolar wall:lumen ratio in the kidney (+30%;
P
<0.01) but an unchanged ratio in the skeletal muscles and myocardium. Female SHR submitted to training did not exhibit further changes on the arteriolar wall:lumen ratio and pressure, showing additionally increased hindlimb resistance at rest (+29%;
P
<0.05). On the other hand, female SHR submitted to training exhibited increased capillary and venular densities in locomotor muscles (+50% and 2.3-fold versus sedentary SHR, respectively) and normalized hindlimb flow during exercise hyperemia. Left ventricle pressure and weight were higher in SHR versus WKY rats, but heart performance (positive dP/dt
max
and negative dP/dt
max
) was not changed by hypertension or training, suggesting a compensated heart function in female SHR. In conclusion, the absence of training-induced structural changes on skeletal muscle and myocardium arterioles differed from changes observed previously in male SHR, suggesting a gender effect. This effect might contribute to the lack of pressure fall in trained female SHRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosemeire Coimbra
- From the Department of Physiology and Biophysics (R.C., L.S.S., J.M.P., L.V.R., L.C.M.), ICB, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo; and the Department of Physical Education (S.L.A.), Faculty of Sciences, UNESP-Sao Paulo State University, Bauru, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lylian S. Sanchez
- From the Department of Physiology and Biophysics (R.C., L.S.S., J.M.P., L.V.R., L.C.M.), ICB, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo; and the Department of Physical Education (S.L.A.), Faculty of Sciences, UNESP-Sao Paulo State University, Bauru, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Janaina M. Potenza
- From the Department of Physiology and Biophysics (R.C., L.S.S., J.M.P., L.V.R., L.C.M.), ICB, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo; and the Department of Physical Education (S.L.A.), Faculty of Sciences, UNESP-Sao Paulo State University, Bauru, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luciana V. Rossoni
- From the Department of Physiology and Biophysics (R.C., L.S.S., J.M.P., L.V.R., L.C.M.), ICB, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo; and the Department of Physical Education (S.L.A.), Faculty of Sciences, UNESP-Sao Paulo State University, Bauru, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sandra Lia Amaral
- From the Department of Physiology and Biophysics (R.C., L.S.S., J.M.P., L.V.R., L.C.M.), ICB, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo; and the Department of Physical Education (S.L.A.), Faculty of Sciences, UNESP-Sao Paulo State University, Bauru, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lisete C. Michelini
- From the Department of Physiology and Biophysics (R.C., L.S.S., J.M.P., L.V.R., L.C.M.), ICB, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo; and the Department of Physical Education (S.L.A.), Faculty of Sciences, UNESP-Sao Paulo State University, Bauru, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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16
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Abstract
Results from our laboratory have suggested a pathway involving angiotensin II type 1 (AT(1)) receptors and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in angiogenesis induced by electrical stimulation. The present study investigated if similar mechanisms underlie the angiogenesis induced by short-term exercise training. Seven days before training and throughout the training period, male Sprague-Dawley rats received either captopril or losartan in their drinking water. Rats underwent a 3-day treadmill training protocol. The tibialis anterior and gastrocnemius muscles were harvested under anesthesia and lightly fixed in formalin (vessel density) or frozen in liquid nitrogen (VEGF expression). In controls, treadmill training resulted in a significant increase in vessel density in all muscles studied. However, the angiogenesis induced by exercise was completely blocked by either losartan or captopril. Western blot analysis showed that VEGF expression was increased in the exercised control group, and both losartan and captopril blocked this increase. The role of VEGF was directly confirmed using a VEGF-neutralizing antibody. These results confirm the role of angiotensin II and VEGF in angiogenesis induced by exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- S L Amaral
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee 53226, USA
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17
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Amaral SL, Silveira NP, Zorn TM, Michelini LC. Exercise training causes skeletal muscle venular growth and alters hemodynamic responses in spontaneously hypertensive rats. J Hypertens 2001; 19:931-40. [PMID: 11393677 DOI: 10.1097/00004872-200105000-00014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate whether training changes skeletal muscle venular profile and hemodynamic responses to exercise we studied spontanesouly hypertensive rats (SHR) and Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats submitted to training programme (T = 50-60% of VO2max). DESIGN Training (T) was performed on a treadmill over a period of 13 weeks. Age-matched control groups were kept sedentary (S). T and S rats were chronically instrumented for hindlimb flow (HLF) and arterial pressure (AP) measurements at rest, during dynamic exercise and recovery in two different situations: control and after extensive intravenous blockade (hexamethonium + losartan + Nomega-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester + hydralazine). For morphometric analysis, skeletal muscle samples (gracilis) were obtained after transcardiac perfusion with fixative. RESULTS T caused a significant reduction of resting mean arterial pressure (MAP) (-11%) only in the SHR group without changing basal HLF. In the sedentary SHR (SHRs), basal relative hindlimb resistance was increased by 45%, but was significantly reduced after T (P < 0.05). During dynamic exercise, MAP increased similarly (10-20 mmHg) in all groups. HLF increases were similar for the four groups up to 0.8 km/h; at higher workloads, HLF was higher in trained SHR (SHRT) versus trained WKY (WKYT) (3.9- versus 2.9-fold increase over basal HLF, respectively). After blockade (and pressure correction with IV phenylephrine infusion), steady-state exercise was performed with similar hindlimb vasodilation in all groups and was accompanied by MAP reduction (-17 +/- 8 mmHg) only in SHRT group. Skeletal muscle venular profile (density, diameter and lumen cross-sectional area) was similar in WKY(T), WKY(S) and SHR(S), but significantly increased in SHR(T). In this group the two-fold increase in venule density was correlated with both the reduction in baseline MAP and the increase in HLF during dynamic exercise. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that increased venule density is a specific adaptation of SHR skeletal muscle to training. Venular growth may contribute to both the pressure-lowering effect and the large HLF at high exercise intensities observed in the trained SHR.
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Affiliation(s)
- S L Amaral
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, ICB, University of São Paulo, Brazil
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18
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Abstract
In a previous study, we demonstrated that Dahl S rats (SS group) have low plasma renin activity, whereas transfer of a region of chromosome 13 containing the renin gene from Dahl R onto a congenic strain of Dahl SS/Jr/Hsd/MCW rats (S/ren(RR) group) restores renin secretory responses. In the present study, we compared the angiogenic responses to electrical stimulation in the SS and S/ren(RR) groups to explore the hypotheses that the renin-angiotensin system is involved in vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression and angiogenesis in skeletal muscle. Congenic SS and S/ren(RR) rats fed a 0.4% or 4% salt diet were surgically prepared by chronic implantation of an electrical stimulator. Another group of S/ren(RR) rats was treated with lisinopril 2 days before the surgery and throughout the stimulation protocol. The right tibialis anterior (TA) and extensor digitorum longus (EDL) were stimulated for 8 hours per day for 7 days. The contralateral muscles served as controls. Western blot analysis was performed to identify VEGF protein expression in these muscles. Electrical stimulation produced no change in vessel density of the SS group fed a 0.4% salt diet (change 5.50% and 8.14% for EDL and TA, respectively). Transfer of a region containing the renin gene restored the angiogenic response (change 16% and 30% for EDL and TA, respectively) despite a significantly higher blood pressure. Blockade of the renin-angiotensin system by lisinopril or high salt restored the responses observed in the SS group fed a low salt diet. In addition, increases in VEGF expression to electrical stimulation were observed only in the S/ren(RR) group fed a low salt diet. These results suggest that renin gene transfer restores angiogenesis and VEGF expression in the skeletal muscle of Dahl S rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- S L Amaral
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, USA
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19
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Amaral SL, Linderman JR, Morse MM, Greene AS. Angiogenesis induced by electrical stimulation is mediated by angiotensin II and VEGF. Microcirculation 2001; 8:57-67. [PMID: 11296854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Physiological angiogenesis in skeletal muscle is an adaptive response to physical training and electrical stimulation. This study investigated the role of angiotensin II (Ang II) in regulating both angiogenesis and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) protein expression induced by electrical stimulation. METHODS The right tibialis anterior (TA) and extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles of Sprague-Dawley rats were stimulated for 8 hours per day for 7 days. The contralateral muscles served as controls. Two days before the surgery and throughout the stimulation protocol, the rats received either lisinopril or losartan in their drinking water. Rats without any drug treatment were used as control. Immunohistochemistry and Western blot analysis were performed to identify the source and quantify the VEGF protein expression in these muscles. The relationship between angiogenesis and VEGF expression was explored using a VEGF-neutralizing antibody. RESULTS Chronic electrical stimulation of the skeletal muscles led to significant increases in vessel density (14% and 30% for EDL and TA, respectively) within 7 days. In addition, stimulation increased VEGF protein levels in the stimulated muscles. Both lisinopril and losartan blocked elevation in VEGF expression and inhibited the angiogenesis induced by stimulation. VEGF neutralization also inhibited angiogenesis, confirming the relationship between Ang II, VEGF, and vessel growth. CONCLUSION The current study suggests a pathway involving angiotensin II receptors (AT1) and VEGF in electrically stimulated angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S L Amaral
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee 53226-0509, USA
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20
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Amaral SL, Zorn TM, Michelini LC. Exercise training normalizes wall-to-lumen ratio of the gracilis muscle arterioles and reduces pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats. J Hypertens 2000; 18:1563-72. [PMID: 11081768 DOI: 10.1097/00004872-200018110-00006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate mechanisms underlying the training-induced blood pressure-lowering effect we analyzed the hemodynamic responses and morphometric changes of the skeletal muscle microcirculation of spontaneously hypertensive (SHR) and normotensive Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats during an exercise training program. DESIGN TRAINING: (50-60% VO2 max) was performed on a treadmill for 13 weeks and control groups were kept sedentary over the same period of time. Trained and sedentary rats were chronically instrumented for hindlimb flow and arterial pressure (AP) recordings under conscious unrestrained conditions. Gracilis and myocardial muscle samples were obtained for morphometric analysis after transcardiac perfusion of fixative. RESULTS SHR, when compared to WKY presented an elevated blood pressure, an increased relative hindlimb vascular resistance, capillary rarefaction in both gracilis and myocardium and an increased wall-to-lumen ratio of gracilis arterioles. Training increased significantly both capillary density and capillary/fiber ratio in the gracilis and myocardium of WKY and SHR groups, causing a complete reversal of capillary rarefaction in trained SHR. In SHR, training also reduced resting blood pressure and caused normalization of both relative hindlimb vascular resistance and gracilis arterioles wall-to-lumen ratio. Regression analysis revealed strong positive correlation between hindlimb vascular resistance and mean AP (MAP) and between arterioles wall-to-lumen ratio and MAP. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that low-intensity training can significantly reduce pressure in SHR while normalizing both the arteriole morphology and the resistance of the skeletal muscle microcirculation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S L Amaral
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, University of São Paulo, Brazil
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21
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Amaral SL, Michelini LC. Validation of transit-time flowmetry for chronic measurements of regional blood flow in resting and exercising rats. Braz J Med Biol Res 1997; 30:897-908. [PMID: 9361716 DOI: 10.1590/s0100-879x1997000700013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to validate the transit-time technique for long-term measurements of iliac and renal blood flow in rats. Flow measured with ultrasonic probes was confirmed ex vivo using excised arteries perfused at varying flow rates. An implanted 1-mm probe reproduced with accuracy different patterns of flow relative to pressure in freely moving rats and accurately quantitated the resting iliac flow value (on average 10.43 +/- 0.99 ml/min or 2.78 +/- 0.3 ml min-1 100 g body weight-1). The measurements were stable over an experimental period of one week but were affected by probe size (resting flows were underestimated by 57% with a 2-mm probe when compared with a 1-mm probe) and by anesthesia (in the same rats, iliac flow was reduced by 50-60% when compared to the conscious state). Instantaneous changes of iliac and renal flow during exercise and recovery were accurately measured by the transit-time technique. Iliac flow increased instantaneously at the beginning of mild exercise (from 12.03 +/- 1.06 to 25.55 +/- 3.89 ml/min at 15 s) and showed a smaller increase when exercise intensity increased further, reaching a plateau of 38.43 +/- 1.92 ml/min at the 4th min of moderate exercise intensity. In contrast, exercise-induced reduction of renal flow was smaller and slower, with 18% and 25% decreases at mild and moderate exercise intensities. Our data indicate that transit-time flowmetry is a reliable method for long-term and continuous measurements of regional blood flow at rest and can be used to quantitate the dynamic flow changes that characterize exercise and recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- S L Amaral
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Universidade de São Paulo, Brasil
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