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Chokkakula S, Oh S, Choi WS, Kim CI, Jeong JH, Kim BK, Park JH, Min SC, Kim EG, Baek YH, Choi YK, Song MS. Mammalian adaptation risk in HPAI H5N8: a comprehensive model bridging experimental data with mathematical insights. Emerg Microbes Infect 2024; 13:2339949. [PMID: 38572657 PMCID: PMC11022924 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2024.2339949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Understanding the mammalian pathogenesis and interspecies transmission of HPAI H5N8 virus hinges on mapping its adaptive markers. We used deep sequencing to track these markers over five passages in murine lung tissue. Subsequently, we evaluated the growth, selection, and RNA load of eight recombinant viruses with mammalian adaptive markers. By leveraging an integrated non-linear regression model, we quantitatively determined the influence of these markers on growth, adaptation, and RNA expression in mammalian hosts. Furthermore, our findings revealed that the interplay of these markers can lead to synergistic, additive, or antagonistic effects when combined. The elucidation distance method then transformed these results into distinct values, facilitating the derivation of a risk score for each marker. In vivo tests affirmed the accuracy of scores. As more mutations were incorporated, the overall risk score of virus heightened, and the optimal interplay between markers became essential for risk augmentation. Our study provides a robust model to assess risk from adaptive markers of HPAI H5N8, guiding strategies against future influenza threats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santosh Chokkakula
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sol Oh
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Suk Choi
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Il Kim
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Hwan Jeong
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Beom Kyu Kim
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hyun Park
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Cheol Min
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Eung-Gook Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Hee Baek
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Ki Choi
- Center for Study of Emerging and Re-emerging Viruses, Korea Virus Research Institute, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Suk Song
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
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Yin C, Chokkakula S, Li J, Li W, Yang W, Chong S, Zhou W, Wu H, Wang C. Unveiling research trends in the prognosis of osteosarcoma: A bibliometric analysis from 2000 to 2022. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27566. [PMID: 38515706 PMCID: PMC10955242 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Osteosarcoma (OSA) is the most prevalent form of malignant bone tumor in children and adolescents, producing osteoid and immature bone. Numerous high quality studies have been published in the OSA field, however, no bibliometric study related to this area has been reported thus far. Therefore, the present study retrieved the published data from 2000 to 2022 to reveal the dynamics, development trends, hotspots and future directions of the OSA. Methods Publications regard to osteogenic sarcoma and prognosis were searched in the core collection on Web of Science database. The retrieved publications were analyzed by publication years, journals, categories, countries, citations, institutions, authors, keywords and clusters using the two widely available bibliometric visualization tools, VOS viewer (Version 1.6.16), Citespace (Version 6.2. R1). Results A total of 6260 publications related to the current topic were retrieved and analyzed, revealing exponential increase in the number of publications with an improvement in the citations on the OSA over time, in which China and the USA are the most productive nations. Shanghai Jiao Tong University, University of Texas System and Harvard University are prolific institutions, having highest collaboration network. Oncology Letters and Journal of Clinical Oncology are the most productive and the most cited journals respectively. The Wang Y is a prominent author and articles published by Bacci G had the highest number of citations indicating their significant impact in the field. According to keywords analysis, osteosarcoma, expression and metastasis were the most apparent keywords whereas the current research hotspots are biomarker, tumor microenvironment, immunotherapy and DNA methylation. Conclusion Our findings offer valuable information for researchers to understand the current research status and the necessity of future research to mitigate the mortality of the OS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengliang Yin
- Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Santosh Chokkakula
- Department of Microbiology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Cheongju, Chungbuk, South Korea
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Cardiology, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, China
| | - Wenle Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Weiguang Yang
- Clinical College of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Neurorehabilitation, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Siomui Chong
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University and Jinan University Institute of Dermatology, Guangzhou, China
- Institute of Collaborative Innovation, University of Macau, Macau, China
- Centro Medico Kong Wan (Macau), Macao, China
| | - Wenzheng Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedics, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, China
| | - Haiyang Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Chengbin Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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Zhou J, Wu Z, Tong Y, Chokkakula S, Shi Y, Jiang H, Liu J, Wang D, Zhang W, Wang C, Zhao T, Yuan K, Li T, Ma L, Yang Q, Wang S, Hong F, Wang H, Li J. Molecular epidemiological characteristics of Mycobacterium leprae in highly endemic areas of China during the COVID-19 epidemic. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1148705. [PMID: 38327578 PMCID: PMC10847240 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1148705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives The present study analyzed the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the prevalence and incidence of new leprosy cases, as well as the diversity, distribution, and temporal transmission of Mycobacterium leprae strains at the county level in leprae-endemic provinces in Southwest China. Methods A total of 219 new leprosy cases during two periods, 2018-2019 and 2020-2021, were compared. We genetically characterized 83 clinical isolates of M. leprae in Guizhou using variable number tandem repeats (VNTRs) and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). The obtained genetic profiles and cluster consequences of M. leprae were compared between the two periods. Results There was an 18.97% decrease in the number of counties and districts reporting cases. Considering the initial months (January-March) of virus emergence, the number of new cases in 2021 increased by 167% compared to 2020. The number of patients with a delay of >12 months before COVID-19 (63.56%) was significantly higher than that during COVID-19 (48.51%). Eighty-one clinical isolates (97.60%) were positive for all 17 VNTR types, whereas two (2.40%) clinical isolates were positive for 16 VNTR types. The (GTA)9, (TA)18, (TTC)21 and (TA)10 loci showed higher polymorphism than the other loci. The VNTR profile of these clinical isolates generated five clusters, among which the counties where the patients were located were adjacent or relatively close to each other. SNP typing revealed that all clinical isolates possessed the single SNP3K. Conclusion COVID-19 may have a negative/imbalanced impact on the prevention and control measures of leprosy, which could be a considerable fact for official health departments. Isolates formed clusters among counties in Guizhou, indicating that the transmission chain remained during the epidemic and was less influenced by COVID-19 preventative policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaojiao Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- Guizhou Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guiyang, China
| | - Ziwei Wu
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
- The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, National Centre for Leprosy Control, Nanjing, China
| | - Yi Tong
- Guizhou Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guiyang, China
| | - Santosh Chokkakula
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
- Department of Microbiology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Ying Shi
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, National Centre for Leprosy Control, Nanjing, China
- Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Haiqin Jiang
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, National Centre for Leprosy Control, Nanjing, China
- Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Guizhou Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guiyang, China
| | - De Wang
- Guizhou Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guiyang, China
| | - Wenyue Zhang
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, National Centre for Leprosy Control, Nanjing, China
- Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chen Wang
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, National Centre for Leprosy Control, Nanjing, China
- Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | | | | | - Tao Li
- Qiandongnan CDC, Qiandongnan, China
| | - Lu Ma
- Guiyang CDC, Guiyang, China
| | - Qin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Shizhen Wang
- The Second People’s Hospital of Bijie, Bijie, China
| | - Feng Hong
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Hongsheng Wang
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, National Centre for Leprosy Control, Nanjing, China
- Department of Microbiology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinlan Li
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- Guizhou Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guiyang, China
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Chong SM, Li YJ, He Y, Chokkakula S, Ming WK, Leong NC, Zhao QQ, Chen WH, Huang CD, Deng LH, Lyu J. A comprehensive prognostic analysis of cause-specific mortality in patients with ovarian serous cystadenocarcinoma using a competing-risks model: a case study of the SEER database. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2023; 27:11143-11155. [PMID: 38039046 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202311_34484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This retrospective study employed a competing-risks analysis utilizing the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database to identify precise prognostic factors associated with ovarian serous cystadenocarcinoma (OSCC) in patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients with OSCC during 2004-2015 were identified in the SEER database, and their clinicopathological, demographic, and survival data were examined. Univariate analysis using Gray's test and the cumulative incidence function was used to evaluate the prognoses of events of interest. The multivariate analysis involved several models, including the Cox proportional hazards, Fine-Gray, and cause-specific (CS) hazard function models, to estimate the hazard functions of competing risks. Hazard ratios were analyzed to identify the reliability of the prognostic factors. RESULTS Among the 10,400 individuals diagnosed with OSCC, 5,713 died from the illness, and 1,125 died from other causes. The cumulative incidence rate of events of interest was found to be significant for ethnicity, age at diagnosis, histological grade, American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) stage, chemotherapy and surgery status, tumor size, marital status, and local lymph node metastases (p<0.05). The multivariate analysis revealed that ethnicity, histological grade, surgery and chemotherapy status, age at diagnosis, AJCC stage, marital status, and distant metastases were independent prognostic factors in the Cox model (p<0.05). Finally, the Fine-Gray and CS models demonstrated that ethnicity, histological grade, surgery and chemotherapy status, age at diagnosis, AJCC stage, tumor size, marital status, and combination summary stage were all identified as independent prognostic factors (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS This study determined the risk factors for OSCC using a competing risk analysis model established by the SEER database. The findings can help clinicians understand OSCC better and provide more accurate medical support to affected patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- S-M Chong
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University and Jinan University Institute of Dermatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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Jeong JH, Choi JH, Kim BK, Min SC, Chokkakula S, Oh S, Park JH, Shim SM, Kim EG, Choi YK, Lee JY, Baek YH, Song MS. Evaluating Z-FA-FMK, a host cathepsin L protease inhibitor, as a potent and broad-spectrum antiviral therapy against SARS-CoV-2 and related coronaviruses. Antiviral Res 2023; 216:105669. [PMID: 37437781 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2023.105669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
Even though the World Health Organization announced the end of the COVID-19 pandemic as a global public health emergency on May 5, 2023, SARS-CoV-2 continues to pose a significant health threat worldwide, resulting in substantial numbers of infections and fatalities. This study investigated the antiviral potential of Z-FA-FMK (FMK), a novel host cathepsin L protease inhibitor, against SARS-CoV-2 infection using both in vitro and in vivo models. In vitro assessments of FMK against a diverse set of SARS-CoV-2 strains, including the Wuhan-like strain and nine variants, demonstrated potent inhibition with EC50 values ranging from 0.55 to 2.41 μM, showcasing similar or superior efficacy compared to FDA-approved antivirals nirmatrelvir (NTV) and molnupiravir (MPV). In vivo experiments using orally administered FMK (25 mg/kg) in SARS-CoV-2-infected K18 hACE2 transgenic mice revealed improved survival rates of 60% and accelerated recovery compared to NTV and MPV treatments. Additionally, FMK displayed a longer half-life (17.26 ± 8.89 h) than NTV and MPV in the mouse model. Due to its host-targeting mechanism, FMK offers potential advantages such as reduced drug resistance and broad-spectrum antiviral activity against multiple coronaviruses. These findings indicate that FMK may serve as a promising candidate for further clinical evaluation in the fight against SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju Hwan Jeong
- Department of Microbiology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Jang-Hoon Choi
- Division of Acute Viral Disease, Center for Emerging Virus Research, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Korea National Institute of Health, Cheongju, 28159, Republic of Korea
| | - Beom Kyu Kim
- Department of Microbiology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Cheol Min
- Department of Microbiology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Santosh Chokkakula
- Department of Microbiology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Sol Oh
- Department of Microbiology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hyun Park
- Department of Microbiology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Mu Shim
- Division of Acute Viral Disease, Center for Emerging Virus Research, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Korea National Institute of Health, Cheongju, 28159, Republic of Korea
| | - Eung-Gook Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Ki Choi
- Department of Microbiology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 28644, Republic of Korea; Center for Study of Emerging and Re-emerging Viruses, Korea Virus Research Institute, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo-Yeon Lee
- Center for Emerging Virus Research, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju-si, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yun Hee Baek
- Department of Microbiology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 28644, Republic of Korea.
| | - Min-Suk Song
- Department of Microbiology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 28644, Republic of Korea.
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Jeong JH, Lee WH, Min SC, Kim BK, Park OB, Chokkakula S, Ahn SJ, Oh S, Park JH, Jung JW, Jung JM, Kim EG, Song MS. Evaluation of the Antiviral Efficacy of Subcutaneous Nafamostat Formulated with Glycyrrhizic Acid against SARS-CoV-2 in a Murine Model. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119579. [PMID: 37298530 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic highlights the urgent need for effective antiviral agents and vaccines. Drug repositioning, which involves modifying existing drugs, offers a promising approach for expediting the development of novel therapeutics. In this study, we developed a new drug, MDB-MDB-601a-NM, by modifying the existing drug nafamostat (NM) with the incorporation of glycyrrhizic acid (GA). We assessed the pharmacokinetic profiles of MDB-601a-NM and nafamostat in Sprague-Dawley rats, revealing rapid clearance of nafamostat and sustained drug concentration of MDB-601a-NM after subcutaneous administration. Single-dose toxicity studies showed potential toxicity and persistent swelling at the injection site with high-dose administration of MDB-601a-NM. Furthermore, we evaluated the efficacy of MDB-601a-NM in protecting against SARS-CoV-2 infection using the K18 hACE-2 transgenic mouse model. Mice treated with 60 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg of MDB-601a-NM exhibited improved protectivity in terms of weight loss and survival rates compared to the nafamostat-treated group. Histopathological analysis revealed dose-dependent improvements in histopathological changes and enhanced inhibitory efficacy in MDB-601a-NM-treated groups. Notably, no viral replication was detected in the brain tissue when mice were treated with 60 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg of MDB-601a-NM. Our developed MDB-601a-NM, a modified Nafamostat with glycyrrhizic acid, shows improved protectivity against SARS-CoV-2 infection. Its sustained drug concentration after subcutaneous administration and dose-dependent improvements makes it a promising therapeutic option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju Hwan Jeong
- Department of Microbiology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Cheongju-si 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Woong Hee Lee
- MODNBIO Inc., Seoul 08378, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Cheol Min
- Department of Microbiology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Cheongju-si 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Beom Kyu Kim
- Department of Microbiology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Cheongju-si 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - On Bi Park
- Biomedical Engineering from the Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Advanced Fusion Technology, Cheongju University, Cheongju-si 28160, Republic of Korea
| | - Santosh Chokkakula
- Department of Microbiology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Cheongju-si 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Ju Ahn
- Biomedical Engineering from the Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Advanced Fusion Technology, Cheongju University, Cheongju-si 28160, Republic of Korea
| | - Sol Oh
- Department of Microbiology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Cheongju-si 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hyun Park
- Department of Microbiology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Cheongju-si 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Won Jung
- Department of Medical Engineering, Catholic University of Daegu (DCU), Gyeongsan-si 38430, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Min Jung
- Department of Medical IT, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si 25601, Republic of Korea
| | - Eung-Gook Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Suk Song
- Department of Microbiology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Cheongju-si 28644, Republic of Korea
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Jeong JH, Chokkakula S, Min SC, Kim BK, Choi WS, Oh S, Yun YS, Kang DH, Lee OJ, Kim EG, Choi JH, Lee JY, Choi YK, Baek YH, Song MS. Combination therapy with nirmatrelvir and molnupiravir improves the survival of SARS-CoV-2 infected mice. Antiviral Res 2022; 208:105430. [PMID: 36209984 PMCID: PMC9535923 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2022.105430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
As the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic remains uncontrolled owing to the continuous emergence of variants of concern, there is an immediate need to implement the most effective antiviral treatment strategies, especially for risk groups. Here, we evaluated the therapeutic potency of nirmatrelvir, remdesivir and molnupiravir, and their combinations in SARS-CoV-2 infected K18-hACE2 transgenic mice. Systemic treatment of mice with each drug (20 mg/kg) resulted in slightly enhanced antiviral efficacy and yielded an increased life expectancy of only about 20-40% survival. However, combination therapy with nirmatrelvir (20 mg/kg) and molnupiravir (20 mg/kg) in lethally infected mice showed profound inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 replication in both the lung and brain and synergistically improved survival rates up to 80% compared to those with nirmatrelvir (36%, P < 0.001) and molnupiravir (43%, P < 0.001) administered alone. This combination therapy effectively reduced clinical severity score, virus-induced tissue damage, and viral distribution compared to those in animals treated with these monotherapies. Furthermore, all these assessments associated with this combination were also significantly higher than that of mice receiving remdesivir monotherapy (P < 0.001) and the nirmatrelvir (20 mg/kg) and remdesivir (20 mg/kg) combination (P < 0.001), underscored the clinical significance of this combination. By contrast, the nirmatrelvir and remdesivir combination showed less antiviral efficacy, with lower survival compared to nirmatrelvir monotherapy due to the insufficient plasma exposure of the remdesivir, demonstrating the inefficient therapeutic effect of this combination in the mouse model. The combination therapy with nirmatrelvir and molnupiravir contributes to alleviated morbidity and mortality, which can serve as a basis for the design of clinical studies of this combination in the treatment of COVID-19 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju Hwan Jeong
- Department of Microbiology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 28644, South Korea
| | - Santosh Chokkakula
- Department of Microbiology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 28644, South Korea
| | - Seong Cheol Min
- Department of Microbiology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 28644, South Korea
| | - Beom Kyu Kim
- Department of Microbiology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 28644, South Korea
| | - Won-Suk Choi
- Department of Microbiology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 28644, South Korea
| | - Sol Oh
- Department of Microbiology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 28644, South Korea
| | - Yu Soo Yun
- Department of Microbiology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 28644, South Korea
| | - Da Hyeon Kang
- Department of Microbiology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 28644, South Korea
| | - Ok-Jun Lee
- Department of Pathology, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Eung-Gook Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 28644, South Korea
| | - Jang-Hoon Choi
- Division of Acute Viral Disease, Center for Emerging Virus Research, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Korea National Institute of Health, Cheongju, 28159, South Korea
| | - Joo-Yeon Lee
- Center for Emerging Virus Research, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju-si, South Korea
| | - Young Ki Choi
- Department of Microbiology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 28644, South Korea; Center for Study of Emerging and Re-emerging Viruses, Korea Virus Research Institute, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34126, South Korea
| | - Yun Hee Baek
- Department of Microbiology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 28644, South Korea
| | - Min-Suk Song
- Department of Microbiology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 28644, South Korea.
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Jiang H, Shi Y, Chokkakula S, Zhang W, Long S, Wang Z, Kong W, Long H, Wu L, Hu L, Yao Q, Wang H. Utility of Multi-target Nested PCR and ELISPOT Assays for the Detection of Paucibacillary Leprosy: A Possible Conclusion of Clinical Laboratory Misdiagnosis. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:814413. [PMID: 35480232 PMCID: PMC9036522 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.814413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The diagnosis of paucibacillary (PB) leprosy often possesses a diagnostic challenge, especially for pure neuritic and lesser skin lesions with the zero bacillary load, requiring a sensitive and accurate diagnostic tool. We have included 300 clinically diagnosed new leprosy cases (comprising 98 PB cases) and analyzed the sensitivity and specificity of PB leprosy cases by nested PCR with folP, gyrA, rpoB, RLEP, and 16SrRNA and Enzyme-linked Immunospot Assay test (ELISPOT) with MMPII, NDO-BSA, and LID-1 antigens by detecting interferon gamma (IFN-γ) release. The overall positivity rates of genes tested in 300 clinical specimens were identified as 55% of 16SrRNA, 59% of RLEP, 59.3% of folP, 57.3% of rpoB, 61% of gyrA while 90% of nested folP, 92.6% of nested rpoB, and 95% of nested gyrA, and 285 (95%) of at least one gene positive cases. For PB specimens, 95% PCR positivity was achieved by three tested genes in nested PCR. The data obtained from ELISPOT for three antigens were analyzed for IFN-γ expression with 600 subjects. Among 98 PB leprosy cases, the sensitivity of MMP II, LID-1, and NDO-BSA was 90%, 87%, and 83%, respectively, and the specificity was 90%, 91%, and 86%, respectively. The total number of cases positive for at least one antigen was 90 (91.8%) in PB, which is significantly higher than that in multibacillary (MB) leprosy (56.7%). The combination of multi-targets nested PCR and ELISPOT assay provides a specific tool to early clinical laboratory diagnosis of PB leprosy cases. The two assays are complementary to each other and beneficial for screening PB patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiqin Jiang
- Department of Mycobacterium, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
- National Centre for STD and Leprosy Control, China CDC, Nanjing, China
- Centre for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ying Shi
- Department of Mycobacterium, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
- National Centre for STD and Leprosy Control, China CDC, Nanjing, China
| | - Santosh Chokkakula
- Department of Mycobacterium, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
- National Centre for STD and Leprosy Control, China CDC, Nanjing, China
- Department of Microbiology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, and Medical Research Institute, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Wenyue Zhang
- Department of Mycobacterium, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
- National Centre for STD and Leprosy Control, China CDC, Nanjing, China
| | - Siyu Long
- Department of Mycobacterium, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
- National Centre for STD and Leprosy Control, China CDC, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhenzhen Wang
- Department of Mycobacterium, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenming Kong
- Department of Leprosy Control, Zhejiang, Provincial Institute of Dermatology, Zhejiang, China
| | - Heng Long
- Department of Leprosy Control, Wenshan institute of Dermatology, Wenshan, China
| | - Limei Wu
- Department of Leprosy Control, Zhejiang, Provincial Institute of Dermatology, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lihua Hu
- Department of Leprosy Control, Zhejiang, Provincial Institute of Dermatology, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qiang Yao
- Department of Leprosy Control, Zhejiang, Provincial Institute of Dermatology, Zhejiang, China
- *Correspondence: Hongsheng Wang, ; Qiang Yao,
| | - Hongsheng Wang
- Department of Mycobacterium, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
- National Centre for STD and Leprosy Control, China CDC, Nanjing, China
- Centre for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Hongsheng Wang, ; Qiang Yao,
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9
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Chokkakula S, Shui T, Jiang H, Yang J, Li X, He J, Shen L, Liu J, Wang D, Suryadevara NC, Pathakumari B, Wang L, Chen Y, Shi Y, Zhang W, Wang H, Chen H, Kuang Y, Li B, Yua M, Yan L, Vissa V, Tsang LSL, Li J, Wang H. Genotyping of Mycobacterium leprae for understanding the distribution and transmission of leprosy in endemic provinces of China. Int J Infect Dis 2020; 98:6-13. [PMID: 32553715 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.06.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Understanding the nature of Mycobacterium leprae transmission is vital to implement better control strategies for leprosy elimination. The present study expands the knowledge of county-level strain diversity, distribution, and transmission patterns of leprosy in endemic provinces of China. METHODS We genetically characterized 290 clinical isolates of M. leprae from four endemic provinces using variable number tandem repeats (VNTR) and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Attained genetic profiles and cluster consequences were contrasted with geographical and migration features of leprosy at county levels. RESULTS Considering the allelic variability of 17 VNTR loci by the discriminatory index, (GTA)9, (AT)17, (AT)15, (TA)18, (TTC)21, and (TA)10 are reported to be more highly polymorphic than other loci. The VNTR profile generated the low-density clustering pattern in the counties of Sichuan and Yunnan, whereas clusters have been observed from the isolates from Huayuan (N = 6), Yongding (N = 3), Zixing (N = 3), Chenxi (N = 2) and Zhongfang (N = 2) counties of Hunan, and Zhijin (N = 3), Anlong (N = 2), Zhenning (N = 2), and Xixiu (N = 2) counties of Guizhou. In some clusters, people's social relations have been observed between villages. From the 290 clinical isolates, the most predominantly reported SNP was 3K (278, 95.8%), followed by SNP 1D (10, 3.4%), which are typically observed to be predominant in China. We also detected the novel SNP 3J (2, 0.8%), which has not yet been reported in China. CONCLUSION The clustering pattern of M. leprae indicates the transmission of leprosy still persists at county levels, suggesting that there is a need to implement better approaches for tracing the close contacts of leprosy patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santosh Chokkakula
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing 210042, China; National Centre for STD and Leprosy Control, China CDC, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Nanjing, China
| | | | - Haiqin Jiang
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing 210042, China; National Centre for STD and Leprosy Control, China CDC, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Nanjing, China
| | - Jun Yang
- Yunnan Provincial CDC, Kunming, China
| | - Xiong Li
- Yunnan Provincial CDC, Kunming, China
| | - Jun He
- Yunnan Provincial CDC, Kunming, China
| | | | - Jie Liu
- Guizhou Provincial CDC, Guiyang, China
| | - De Wang
- Guizhou Provincial CDC, Guiyang, China
| | | | - Balaji Pathakumari
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Le Wang
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing 210042, China; National Centre for STD and Leprosy Control, China CDC, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Nanjing, China
| | - Yanqing Chen
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing 210042, China; National Centre for STD and Leprosy Control, China CDC, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Nanjing, China
| | - Ying Shi
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing 210042, China; National Centre for STD and Leprosy Control, China CDC, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenyue Zhang
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing 210042, China; National Centre for STD and Leprosy Control, China CDC, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Nanjing, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Huan Chen
- Hunan Provincial CDC, Changsha, China
| | | | - Bin Li
- Hunan Provincial CDC, Changsha, China
| | - Meiwen Yua
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Liangbin Yan
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Varalakshmi Vissa
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing 210042, China; National Centre for STD and Leprosy Control, China CDC, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Nanjing, China
| | - Lemuel Shui Lun Tsang
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing 210042, China; National Centre for STD and Leprosy Control, China CDC, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Nanjing, China
| | - Jinlan Li
- Guizhou Provincial CDC, Guiyang, China.
| | - Hongsheng Wang
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing 210042, China; National Centre for STD and Leprosy Control, China CDC, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Nanjing, China; Centre for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
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10
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Chokkakula S, Chen Z, Wang L, Jiang H, Chen Y, Shi Y, Zhang W, Gao W, Yang J, Li J, Li X, Shui T, He J, Shen L, Liu J, Wang D, Wang H, Chen H, Kuang Y, Li B, Chen Z, Wu A, Yu M, Yan L, Suryadevara NC, Vissa V, Liu W, Wang H. Molecular surveillance of antimicrobial resistance and transmission pattern of Mycobacterium leprae in Chinese leprosy patients. Emerg Microbes Infect 2020; 8:1479-1489. [PMID: 31621517 PMCID: PMC6818117 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2019.1677177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Reports on antimicrobial resistance (AMR) of Mycobacterium leprae, relationship with bacteriological index (BI), and transmission in China are limited. We investigated the emergence of AMR mutations, the relationship between BI and AMR in complete, moderate and lack of BI decline cases, and molecular epidemiological features of AMR cases by enrolling 290 leprosy cases from four endemic provinces. Seven (2.41%), one (0.34%), five (1.72%), one (0.34%), and one (0.34%) strains had single mutations in folP1, rpoC, gyrA, gyrB, and 23S rRNA, respectively. Double mutations in folP1 and gyrA, rpoB and gyrA, and gyrA and 23S rRNA were observed in one (0.34%) strain each. Mutated strains occurred in three out of 81 (95% CI-0.005-0.079, p = 0.083) cases with complete BI decline, in seven out of 103 (95% CI 0.018-0.117, p = 0.008) cases with moderate BI decline, and in four out of 34 (95% CI 0.003-0.231, p = 0.044) cases with lack of BI decline. Most of these mutated strains were geographically separated and diverged genotypically. AMR mutations may not be the main cause of the lack of BI decline. The low transmission of AMR strains at the county level indicates an ongoing transmission at close contact levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santosh Chokkakula
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College , Nanjing , China.,National Centre for STD and Leprosy Control, China CDC , Nanjing , China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs , Nanjing , China
| | - Zhiming Chen
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College , Nanjing , China.,National Centre for STD and Leprosy Control, China CDC , Nanjing , China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs , Nanjing , China
| | - Le Wang
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College , Nanjing , China.,National Centre for STD and Leprosy Control, China CDC , Nanjing , China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs , Nanjing , China
| | - Haiqin Jiang
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College , Nanjing , China.,National Centre for STD and Leprosy Control, China CDC , Nanjing , China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs , Nanjing , China
| | - Yanqing Chen
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College , Nanjing , China.,National Centre for STD and Leprosy Control, China CDC , Nanjing , China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs , Nanjing , China
| | - Ying Shi
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College , Nanjing , China.,National Centre for STD and Leprosy Control, China CDC , Nanjing , China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs , Nanjing , China
| | - Wenyue Zhang
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College , Nanjing , China.,National Centre for STD and Leprosy Control, China CDC , Nanjing , China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs , Nanjing , China
| | - Wei Gao
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College , Nanjing , China.,National Centre for STD and Leprosy Control, China CDC , Nanjing , China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs , Nanjing , China
| | - Jun Yang
- Yunnan Provincial CDC , Kunming , China
| | - Jinlan Li
- Guizhou Provincial CDC , Guiyang , China
| | - Xiong Li
- Yunnan Provincial CDC , Kunming , China
| | | | - Jun He
- Yunnan Provincial CDC , Kunming , China
| | - Limei Shen
- Guizhou Provincial CDC , Guiyang , China
| | - Jie Liu
- Guizhou Provincial CDC , Guiyang , China
| | - De Wang
- Guizhou Provincial CDC , Guiyang , China
| | - Hao Wang
- Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital , Chengdu , China
| | - Huan Chen
- Hunan Provincial CDC , Changsha , China
| | | | - Bin Li
- Hunan Provincial CDC , Changsha , China
| | - Ziyi Chen
- Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine , Suzhou , China
| | - Aiping Wu
- Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine , Suzhou , China
| | - Meiwen Yu
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College , Nanjing , China
| | - Liangbin Yan
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College , Nanjing , China
| | | | - Varalakshmi Vissa
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College , Nanjing , China.,National Centre for STD and Leprosy Control, China CDC , Nanjing , China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs , Nanjing , China
| | - Weida Liu
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College , Nanjing , China
| | - Hongsheng Wang
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College , Nanjing , China.,National Centre for STD and Leprosy Control, China CDC , Nanjing , China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs , Nanjing , China.,Centre for global health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing , China
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11
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Chen Z, Kuang Y, Jiang H, Zhang W, Shi Y, Chokkakula S, Chen H, Li J, Wang H. Intact Mycobacterium leprae Isolated from Placenta of a Pregnant Woman, China. Emerg Infect Dis 2019; 25:1604-1607. [PMID: 31310204 PMCID: PMC6649342 DOI: 10.3201/eid2508.190114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Whether Mycobacterium leprae transmits from placenta to fetus remains unknown. We describe the case of a pregnant woman with untreated histoid leproma. Although her newborn was healthy, laboratory examination revealed intact M. leprae present in the placenta, suggesting that the placental barrier might prevent vertical dissemination of M. leprae.
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12
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Mei Y, Zhang W, Shi Y, Jiang H, Chen Z, Chokkakula S, Long S, Pan C, Wang H. Cutaneous Tuberculosis and Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Infections at a National Specialized Hospital in China. Acta Derm Venereol 2019; 99:997-1003. [PMID: 31396633 DOI: 10.2340/00015555-3283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
To identify the microorganism distribution clinical characteristics and management of cutaneous Mycobacterium tuberculosis and nontuberculous mycobacterial infectious diseases in the past 10 years we collected and analyzed the patient records of all cutaneous M. tuberculosis and nontuberculous mycobacterial infection cases diagnosed by culture and/or PCR from 2008 to 2017 in the Hospital of Dermatology Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences. Among 203 cases including 89 M. tuberculosis infections and 114 nontuberculous mycobacterial infections M. tuberculosis was the most common species in all patients and M. marinum predominated among the nontuberculous mycobacterial followed by M. abscessus. Cases of cutaneous mycobacterial infection especially nontuberculous mycobacterial infection increased in the past 10 years and infection with rapidly growing mycobacteria significantly increased in the last 5 years in this national hospital in Southeast China. Injuries were common causative factors. Approximately 91.3% of patients responded well to longstanding antibiotic therapy.
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MESH Headings
- Adolescent
- Adult
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use
- Antitubercular Agents/therapeutic use
- Child
- China/epidemiology
- Female
- Hospitals, Special
- Humans
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous/diagnosis
- Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous/drug therapy
- Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous/epidemiology
- Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous/microbiology
- Mycobacterium tuberculosis/drug effects
- Mycobacterium tuberculosis/genetics
- Mycobacterium tuberculosis/growth & development
- Nontuberculous Mycobacteria/drug effects
- Nontuberculous Mycobacteria/genetics
- Nontuberculous Mycobacteria/growth & development
- Skin Diseases, Bacterial/diagnosis
- Skin Diseases, Bacterial/drug therapy
- Skin Diseases, Bacterial/epidemiology
- Skin Diseases, Bacterial/microbiology
- Time Factors
- Treatment Outcome
- Tuberculosis, Cutaneous/diagnosis
- Tuberculosis, Cutaneous/drug therapy
- Tuberculosis, Cutaneous/epidemiology
- Tuberculosis, Cutaneous/microbiology
- Young Adult
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Affiliation(s)
- Youming Mei
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 210042 Nanjing, China
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13
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Chen Y, Jiang H, Zhang W, Chen Z, Mei Y, Chen H, Shi Y, Gao W, Wang L, Chokkakula S, Wang H. Diagnostic Value of T-SPOT.TB Test in Cutaneous Mycobacterial Infections. Acta Derm Venereol 2018; 98:989-990. [PMID: 30085325 DOI: 10.2340/00015555-3011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yanqing Chen
- Department of Mycobacterium, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 210042 Nanjing, China
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14
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Jiang H, Sun J, Chen Y, Chen Z, Wang L, Gao W, Shi Y, Zhang W, Mei Y, Chokkakula S, Vissa V, Jiang T, Wu A, Wang H. Landscape of the genome and host cell response of Mycobacterium shigaense reveals pathogenic features. Emerg Microbes Infect 2018; 7:112. [PMID: 29934568 PMCID: PMC6015043 DOI: 10.1038/s41426-018-0116-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Revised: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
A systems approach was used to explore the genome and transcriptome of Mycobacterium shigaense, a new opportunistic pathogen isolated from a patient with a skin infection, and the host response transcriptome was assessed using a macrophage infection model. The M. shigaense genome comprises 5,207,883 bp, with 67.2% G+C content and 5098 predicted coding genes. Evolutionarily, the bacterium belongs to a cluster in the phylogenetic tree along with three target opportunistic pathogenic strains, namely, M. avium, M. triplex and M. simiae. Potential virulence genes are indeed expressed by M. shigaense under culture conditions. Phenotypically, M. shigaense had similar infection and replication capacities in a macrophage model as the opportunistic species compared to M. tuberculosis. M. shigaense activated NF-κB, TNF, cytokines and chemokines in the host innate immune-related signaling pathways and elicited an early response shared with pathogenic bacilli except M. tuberculosis. M. shigaense upregulated specific host response genes such as TLR7, CCL4 and CXCL5. We performed an integrated and comparative analysis of M. shigaense. Multigroup comparison indicated certain differences with typical pathogenic bacilli in terms of gene features and the macrophage response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiqin Jiang
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, 210042, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Nanjing, 210042, China
| | - Jiya Sun
- Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Center of Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Suzhou, 215021, China
| | - Yanqing Chen
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, 210042, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Nanjing, 210042, China
| | - Zhiming Chen
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, 210042, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Nanjing, 210042, China
| | - Le Wang
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, 210042, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Nanjing, 210042, China
| | - Wei Gao
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, 210042, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Nanjing, 210042, China
| | - Ying Shi
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, 210042, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Nanjing, 210042, China
| | - Wenyue Zhang
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, 210042, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Nanjing, 210042, China
| | - Youming Mei
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, 210042, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Nanjing, 210042, China
| | - Santosh Chokkakula
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, 210042, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Nanjing, 210042, China
| | - Varalakshmi Vissa
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, 210042, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Nanjing, 210042, China
| | - Taijiao Jiang
- Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Center of Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Suzhou, 215021, China.
| | - Aiping Wu
- Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Center of Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Suzhou, 215021, China.
| | - Hongsheng Wang
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, 210042, China. .,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Nanjing, 210042, China.
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15
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Mohan Male M, Rao GB, Chokkakula S, Kasetty S, Ranganadha Rao PV, Jonnalagada S, Matta Reddy A, Srikantam A. Molecular screening for primary drug resistance in M. leprae from newly diagnosed leprosy cases from India. LEPROSY REV 2016. [DOI: 10.47276/lr.87.3.322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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16
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Gorle S, Maddila S, Chokkakula S, Lavanya P, Singh M, Jonnalagadda SB. Synthesis, Biological Activity of Pyrimidine Linked with Morpholinophenyl Derivatives. J Heterocycl Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.2498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sridevi Gorle
- Discipline of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences; University of KwaZulu-Natal; Westville Campus, Chiltern Hills Durban 4000 South Africa
| | - Suresh Maddila
- School of Chemistry and Physics; University of KwaZulu-Natal; Westville Campus, Chilten Hills, Private Bag 54001 Durban 4000 South Africa
| | - Santosh Chokkakula
- School of Life and Health Sciences; Adikavi Nannaya University; Rajahmundry 533296 India
| | - Palakondu Lavanya
- Department of Chemistry; Annamacharya Institute of Technology and Sciences J.N.T. University; Tirupati 517 502 Andhra Pradesh India
| | - Moganavelli Singh
- Discipline of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences; University of KwaZulu-Natal; Westville Campus, Chiltern Hills Durban 4000 South Africa
| | - Sreekanth B. Jonnalagadda
- School of Chemistry and Physics; University of KwaZulu-Natal; Westville Campus, Chilten Hills, Private Bag 54001 Durban 4000 South Africa
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Chokkakula S, Dasari K, Attitalla IH, Aparna S, Ponnada P, Male MM. Strain Typing and Strain Differentiation of Mycobacterium leprae by TTC Repeats. INT J PHARMACOL 2014. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2014.168.174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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