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Bick AG, Metcalf GA, Mayo KR, Lichtenstein L, Rura S, Carroll RJ, Musick A, Linder JE, Jordan IK, Nagar SD, Sharma S, Meller R, Basford M, Boerwinkle E, Cicek MS, Doheny KF, Eichler EE, Gabriel S, Gibbs RA, Glazer D, Harris PA, Jarvik GP, Philippakis A, Rehm HL, Roden DM, Thibodeau SN, Topper S, Blegen AL, Wirkus SJ, Wagner VA, Meyer JG, Cicek MS, Muzny DM, Venner E, Mawhinney MZ, Griffith SML, Hsu E, Ling H, Adams MK, Walker K, Hu J, Doddapaneni H, Kovar CL, Murugan M, Dugan S, Khan Z, Boerwinkle E, Lennon NJ, Austin-Tse C, Banks E, Gatzen M, Gupta N, Henricks E, Larsson K, McDonough S, Harrison SM, Kachulis C, Lebo MS, Neben CL, Steeves M, Zhou AY, Smith JD, Frazar CD, Davis CP, Patterson KE, Wheeler MM, McGee S, Lockwood CM, Shirts BH, Pritchard CC, Murray ML, Vasta V, Leistritz D, Richardson MA, Buchan JG, Radhakrishnan A, Krumm N, Ehmen BW, Schwartz S, Aster MMT, Cibulskis K, Haessly A, Asch R, Cremer A, Degatano K, Shergill A, Gauthier LD, Lee SK, Hatcher A, Grant GB, Brandt GR, Covarrubias M, Banks E, Able A, Green AE, Carroll RJ, Zhang J, Condon HR, Wang Y, Dillon MK, Albach CH, Baalawi W, Choi SH, Wang X, Rosenthal EA, Ramirez AH, Lim S, Nambiar S, Ozenberger B, Wise AL, Lunt C, Ginsburg GS, Denny JC. Genomic data in the All of Us Research Program. Nature 2024; 627:340-346. [PMID: 38374255 PMCID: PMC10937371 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06957-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Comprehensively mapping the genetic basis of human disease across diverse individuals is a long-standing goal for the field of human genetics1-4. The All of Us Research Program is a longitudinal cohort study aiming to enrol a diverse group of at least one million individuals across the USA to accelerate biomedical research and improve human health5,6. Here we describe the programme's genomics data release of 245,388 clinical-grade genome sequences. This resource is unique in its diversity as 77% of participants are from communities that are historically under-represented in biomedical research and 46% are individuals from under-represented racial and ethnic minorities. All of Us identified more than 1 billion genetic variants, including more than 275 million previously unreported genetic variants, more than 3.9 million of which had coding consequences. Leveraging linkage between genomic data and the longitudinal electronic health record, we evaluated 3,724 genetic variants associated with 117 diseases and found high replication rates across both participants of European ancestry and participants of African ancestry. Summary-level data are publicly available, and individual-level data can be accessed by researchers through the All of Us Researcher Workbench using a unique data passport model with a median time from initial researcher registration to data access of 29 hours. We anticipate that this diverse dataset will advance the promise of genomic medicine for all.
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2
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Venner E, Patterson K, Kalra D, Wheeler MM, Chen YJ, Kalla SE, Yuan B, Karnes JH, Walker K, Smith JD, McGee S, Radhakrishnan A, Haddad A, Empey PE, Wang Q, Lichtenstein L, Toledo D, Jarvik G, Musick A, Gibbs RA. The frequency of pathogenic variation in the All of Us cohort reveals ancestry-driven disparities. Commun Biol 2024; 7:174. [PMID: 38374434 PMCID: PMC10876563 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-05708-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Disparities in data underlying clinical genomic interpretation is an acknowledged problem, but there is a paucity of data demonstrating it. The All of Us Research Program is collecting data including whole-genome sequences, health records, and surveys for at least a million participants with diverse ancestry and access to healthcare, representing one of the largest biomedical research repositories of its kind. Here, we examine pathogenic and likely pathogenic variants that were identified in the All of Us cohort. The European ancestry subgroup showed the highest overall rate of pathogenic variation, with 2.26% of participants having a pathogenic variant. Other ancestry groups had lower rates of pathogenic variation, including 1.62% for the African ancestry group and 1.32% in the Latino/Admixed American ancestry group. Pathogenic variants were most frequently observed in genes related to Breast/Ovarian Cancer or Hypercholesterolemia. Variant frequencies in many genes were consistent with the data from the public gnomAD database, with some notable exceptions resolved using gnomAD subsets. Differences in pathogenic variant frequency observed between ancestral groups generally indicate biases of ascertainment of knowledge about those variants, but some deviations may be indicative of differences in disease prevalence. This work will allow targeted precision medicine efforts at revealed disparities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Venner
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Karynne Patterson
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Divya Kalra
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Marsha M Wheeler
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Yi-Ju Chen
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sara E Kalla
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Bo Yuan
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jason H Karnes
- University of Arizona, R Ken Coit College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, Tucson, AZ, USA
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Department of Biomedical Informatics, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kimberly Walker
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Joshua D Smith
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Sean McGee
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Andrew Haddad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Philip E Empey
- Department of Pharmacy and Therapeutics, University of Pittsburgh School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Qiaoyan Wang
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Diana Toledo
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Gail Jarvik
- Department of Medicine (Medical Genetics), University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Anjene Musick
- NIH All of Us Research Program, National Institutes of Health Office of the Director, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Richard A Gibbs
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
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Shahzad H, Mahmood S, McGee S, Hubbard J, Haque S, Paudyal V, Denniston AK, Hill LJ, Jalal Z. Non-adherence and non-persistence to intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Syst Rev 2023; 12:92. [PMID: 37269003 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-023-02261-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) injections play a key role in treating a range of macular diseases. The effectiveness of these therapies is dependent on patients' adherence (the extent to which a patient takes their medicines as per agreed recommendations from the healthcare provider) and persistence (continuation of the treatment for the prescribed duration) to their prescribed treatment regimens. The aim of this systematic review was to demonstrate the need for further investigation into the prevalence of, and factors contributing to, patient-led non-adherence and non-persistence, thus facilitating improved clinical outcomes. METHODS Systematic searches were conducted in Google Scholar, Web of Science, PubMed, MEDLINE, and the Cochrane Library. Studies in English conducted before February 2023 that reported the level of, and/or barriers to, non-adherence or non-persistence to intravitreal anti-VEGF ocular disease therapy were included. Duplicate papers, literature reviews, expert opinion articles, case studies, and case series were excluded following screening by two independent authors. RESULTS Data from a total of 409,215 patients across 52 studies were analysed. Treatment regimens included pro re nata, monthly and treat-and-extend protocols; study durations ranged from 4 months to 8 years. Of the 52 studies, 22 included a breakdown of reasons for patient non-adherence/non-persistence. Patient-led non-adherence varied between 17.5 and 35.0% depending on the definition used. Overall pooled prevalence of patient-led treatment non-persistence was 30.0% (P = 0.000). Reasons for non-adherence/non-persistence included dissatisfaction with treatment results (29.9%), financial burden (19%), older age/comorbidities (15.5%), difficulty booking appointments (8.5%), travel distance/social isolation (7.9%), lack of time (5.8%), satisfaction with the perceived improvement in their condition (4.4%), fear of injection (4.0%), loss of motivation (4.0%), apathy towards eyesight (2.5%), dissatisfaction with facilities 2.3%, and discomfort/pain (0.3%). Three studies found non-adherence rates between 51.6 and 68.8% during the COVID-19 pandemic, in part due to fear of exposure to COVID-19 and difficulties travelling during lockdown. DISCUSSION Results suggest high levels of patient-led non-adherence/non-persistence to anti-VEGF therapy, mostly due to dissatisfaction with treatment results, a combination of comorbidities, loss of motivation and the burden of travel. This study provides key information on prevalence and factors contributing to non-adherence/non-persistence in anti-VEGF treatment for macular diseases, aiding identification of at-risk individuals to improve real-world visual outcomes. Improvements in the literature can be achieved by establishing uniform definitions and standard timescales for what constitutes non-adherence/non-persistence. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO CRD42020216205.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haris Shahzad
- University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK.
| | - Sajid Mahmood
- Deputy Drugs Controller, Specialized Healthcare and Medical Education Department, Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sean McGee
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Clinical Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Jessica Hubbard
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Clinical Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Sayeed Haque
- Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Vibhu Paudyal
- School of Pharmacy, Institute of Clinical Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Alastair K Denniston
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital and University College London Institute of Ophthalmology, London, UK
- Academic Unit of Ophthalmology, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
- Birmingham Health Partners Centre for Regulatory Science and Innovation, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Health Data Research UK, London, UK
| | - Lisa J Hill
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Clinical Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Zahraa Jalal
- School of Pharmacy, Institute of Clinical Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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4
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Esterhuizen AI, Tiffin N, Riordan G, Wessels M, Burman RJ, Aziz MC, Calhoun JD, Gunti J, Amiri EE, Ramamurthy A, Bamshad MJ, Mefford HC, Ramesar R, Wilmshurst JM, Carvill GL, Leal SM, Nickerson DA, Anderson P, Bacus TJ, Blue EE, Brower K, Buckingham KJ, Chong JX, Cornejo Sánchez D, Davis CP, Davis CJ, Frazar CD, Gomeztagle-Burgess K, Gordon WW, Horike-Pyne M, Hurless JR, Jarvik GP, Johanson E, Thomas Kolar J, Marvin CT, McGee S, McGoldrick DJ, Mekonnen B, Nielsen PM, Patterson K, Radhakrishnan A, Richardson MA, Roote GT, Ryke EL, Schrauwen I, Shively KM, Smith JD, Tackett M, Wang G, Weiss JM, Wheeler MM, Yi Q, Zhang X. Precision medicine for developmental and epileptic encephalopathies in Africa-strategies for a resource-limited setting. Genet Med 2023; 25:100333. [PMID: 36480001 DOI: 10.1016/j.gim.2022.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Sub-Saharan Africa bears the highest burden of epilepsy worldwide. A presumed proportion is genetic, but this etiology is buried under the burden of infections and perinatal insults in a setting of limited awareness and few options for testing. Children with developmental and epileptic encephalopathies (DEEs) are most severely affected by this diagnostic gap in Africa, because the rate of actionable findings is highest in DEE-associated genes. METHODS We tested 234 genetically naive South African children diagnosed with/possible DEE using gene panels, exome sequencing, and chromosomal microarray. Statistical comparison of electroclinical features in children with and children without candidate variants was performed to identify characteristics most likely predictive of a positive genetic finding. RESULTS Of the 41 (of 234) children with likely/pathogenic variants, 26 had variants supporting precision therapy. Multivariate regression modeling highlighted neonatal or infantile-onset seizures and movement abnormalities as predictive of a positive genetic finding. We used this, coupled with an emphasis on precision medicine outcomes, to propose the pragmatic "Think-Genetics" strategy for early recognition of a possible genetic etiology. CONCLUSION Our findings emphasize the importance of an early genetic diagnosis in DEE. We designed the Think-Genetics strategy for early recognition, appropriate interim management, and genetic testing for DEE in resource-constrained settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina I Esterhuizen
- The South African MRC/UCT Genomic and Precision Medicine Research Unit, Division of Human Genetics, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; National Health Laboratory Service, Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Nicki Tiffin
- South African National Bioinformatics Institute, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, Western Cape, South Africa
| | - Gillian Riordan
- Department of Paediatric Neurology, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Marie Wessels
- Department of Paediatric Neurology, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Richard J Burman
- Division of Clinical Neurology, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Miriam C Aziz
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Jeffrey D Calhoun
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Jonathan Gunti
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Ezra E Amiri
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Aishwarya Ramamurthy
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Michael J Bamshad
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA; Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA; Brotman Baty Institute, Seattle, WA
| | | | - Heather C Mefford
- Centre for Pediatric Neurological Disease Research, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN
| | - Raj Ramesar
- The South African MRC/UCT Genomic and Precision Medicine Research Unit, Division of Human Genetics, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; National Health Laboratory Service, Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Jo M Wilmshurst
- Department of Paediatric Neurology, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - Gemma L Carvill
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL; Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL; Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL.
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5
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Gaedigk A, Boone EC, Scherer SE, Lee SB, Numanagić I, Sahinalp C, Smith JD, McGee S, Radhakrishnan A, Qin X, Wang WY, Farrow EG, Gonzaludo N, Halpern AL, Nickerson DA, Miller NA, Pratt VM, Kalman LV. CYP2C8, CYP2C9, and CYP2C19 Characterization Using Next-Generation Sequencing and Haplotype Analysis: A GeT-RM Collaborative Project. J Mol Diagn 2022; 24:337-350. [PMID: 35134542 PMCID: PMC9069873 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmoldx.2021.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Pharmacogenetic tests typically target selected sequence variants to identify haplotypes that are often defined by star (∗) allele nomenclature. Due to their design, these targeted genotyping assays are unable to detect novel variants that may change the function of the gene product and thereby affect phenotype prediction and patient care. In the current study, 137 DNA samples that were previously characterized by the Genetic Testing Reference Material (GeT-RM) program using a variety of targeted genotyping methods were recharacterized using targeted and whole genome sequencing analysis. Sequence data were analyzed using three genotype calling tools to identify star allele diplotypes for CYP2C8, CYP2C9, and CYP2C19. The genotype calls from next-generation sequencing (NGS) correlated well to those previously reported, except when novel alleles were present in a sample. Six novel alleles and 38 novel suballeles were identified in the three genes due to identification of variants not covered by targeted genotyping assays. In addition, several ambiguous genotype calls from a previous study were resolved using the NGS and/or long-read NGS data. Diplotype calls were mostly consistent between the calling algorithms, although several discrepancies were noted. This study highlights the utility of NGS for pharmacogenetic testing and demonstrates that there are many novel alleles that are yet to be discovered, even in highly characterized genes such as CYP2C9 and CYP2C19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Gaedigk
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Innovation, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri; University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City, Missouri
| | - Erin C Boone
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Innovation, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri
| | - Steven E Scherer
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Seung-Been Lee
- Precision Medicine Institute, Macrogen Inc., Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Ibrahim Numanagić
- Department of Computer Science, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Cenk Sahinalp
- Cancer Data Science Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Joshua D Smith
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Sean McGee
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | | | - Xiang Qin
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Wendy Y Wang
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Innovation, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri
| | - Emily G Farrow
- University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City, Missouri; Center for Genomic Medicine, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri
| | - Nina Gonzaludo
- Medical Genomics Research, Illumina Inc., San Diego, California
| | - Aaron L Halpern
- Medical Genomics Research, Illumina Inc., San Diego, California
| | - Deborah A Nickerson
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Neil A Miller
- University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City, Missouri; Center for Genomic Medicine, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri
| | - Victoria M Pratt
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Lisa V Kalman
- Informatics and Data Science Branch, Division of Laboratory Systems, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
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6
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Clemons M, Dranitsaris G, Sienkiewicz M, Sehdev S, Ng T, Robinson A, Mates M, Hsu T, McGee S, Freedman O, Kumar V, Fergusson D, Hutton B, Vandermeer L, Hilton J. A randomized trial of individualized versus standard of care antiemetic therapy for breast cancer patients at high risk for chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting. Breast 2020; 54:278-285. [PMID: 33242754 PMCID: PMC7695916 DOI: 10.1016/j.breast.2020.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Despite triple antiemetic therapy use for breast cancer patients receiving emetogenic chemotherapy, nausea remains a clinical challenge. We evaluated adding olanzapine (5 mg) to triple therapy on nausea control in patients at high personal risk of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV). Methods This multi-centre, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial randomized breast cancer patients scheduled to receive neo/adjuvant chemotherapy with anthracycline-cyclophosphamide or platinum-based chemotherapy to olanzapine (5 mg, days 1–4) or placebo. Primary endpoint was frequency of self-reported significant nausea, repeated for all cycles of chemotherapy. Secondary endpoints included: duration of nausea, overall total control of CINV, Health Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) using FLIE questionnaire, use of rescue mediation and treatment-related adverse events. Results 218 eligible patients were randomised to placebo (105) or olanzapine (113). From days 0–5 following each cycle of chemotherapy, 41.3% (95%CI: 36.1–46.7%) of patients in the placebo group reported significant nausea compared to 27.7% (95%CI: 23.2–32.4%) in the olanzapine group (p = 0.001). Across all cycles of chemotherapy, patients receiving olanzapine experienced a statistically significant improvement in HRQoL (p < 0.001). Grade 1/2 sedation was the most commonly side effect reported at 40.8% in the placebo group vs. 54.1% with olanzapine (p < 0.001). Conclusion In patients at high personal risk of CINV, the addition of olanzapine 5 mg daily to standard antiemetic therapy significantly improves the control of nausea, HRQoL, with no unexpected toxicities. Double-blind trial evaluated the addition of olanzapine to triple therapy in patients at high personal risk of CINV. Adding 5 mg olanzapine was associated with significantly improved nausea control with no unexpected toxicities. Olanzapine plus triple therapy should be considered standard of care for breast cancer patients at high risk of CINV.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Clemons
- Department of Medicine and Division of Medical Oncology, The Ottawa Hospital and the University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Cancer Research Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Clinical Epidemiology Program, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute and University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada.
| | - G Dranitsaris
- Consultant Biostatistician, 283 Danforth Ave, Toronto, Canada
| | - M Sienkiewicz
- Cancer Research Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - S Sehdev
- Department of Medicine and Division of Medical Oncology, The Ottawa Hospital and the University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - T Ng
- Department of Medicine and Division of Medical Oncology, The Ottawa Hospital and the University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - A Robinson
- Cancer Centre of Southeastern Ontario, Kingston General Hospital, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - M Mates
- Cancer Centre of Southeastern Ontario, Kingston General Hospital, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - T Hsu
- Department of Medicine and Division of Medical Oncology, The Ottawa Hospital and the University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - S McGee
- Department of Medicine and Division of Medical Oncology, The Ottawa Hospital and the University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - O Freedman
- Division of Medical Oncology, Durham Regional Cancer Centre, Oshawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - V Kumar
- Markham Stouffville Hospital, Shakir Rehmatullah Cancer Clinic, Markham, Ontario, Canada
| | - D Fergusson
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute and University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - B Hutton
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute and University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - L Vandermeer
- Cancer Research Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - J Hilton
- Department of Medicine and Division of Medical Oncology, The Ottawa Hospital and the University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Cancer Research Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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7
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Reeg J, Heine S, Mihan C, McGee S, Preuss TG, Jeltsch F. Herbicide risk assessments of non-target terrestrial plant communities: A graphical user interface for the plant community model IBC-grass. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0230012. [PMID: 32168318 PMCID: PMC7069634 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0230012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants located adjacent to agricultural fields are important for maintaining biodiversity in semi-natural landscapes. To avoid undesired impacts on these plants due to herbicide application on the arable fields, regulatory risk assessments are conducted prior to registration to ensure proposed uses of plant protection products do not present an unacceptable risk. The current risk assessment approach for these non-target terrestrial plants (NTTPs) examines impacts at the individual-level as a surrogate approach for protecting the plant community due to the inherent difficulties of directly assessing population or community level impacts. However, modelling approaches are suitable higher tier tools to upscale individual-level effects to community level. IBC-grass is a sophisticated plant community model, which has already been applied in several studies. However, as it is a console application software, it was not deemed sufficiently user-friendly for risk managers and assessors to be conveniently operated without prior expertise in ecological models. Here, we present a user-friendly and open source graphical user interface (GUI) for the application of IBC-grass in regulatory herbicide risk assessment. It facilitates the use of the plant community model for predicting long-term impacts of herbicide applications on NTTP communities. The GUI offers two options to integrate herbicide impacts: (1) dose responses based on current standard experiments (acc. to testing guidelines) and (2) based on specific effect intensities. Both options represent suitable higher tier options for future risk assessments of NTTPs as well as for research on the ecological relevance of effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jette Reeg
- Plant Ecology and Nature Conservation, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | | | | | - Sean McGee
- Bayer CropScience, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, United States of America
| | | | - Florian Jeltsch
- Plant Ecology and Nature Conservation, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advances Biodiversity Research, Berlin, Germany
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8
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Gibert Y, YOGANANTHARAJAH P, McGee S, Meikle P, Mellett N, Basheer F, Hall L. Bisphenol A, but not Bisphenol S, exposure increases lipid deposition by acting on the PI3K pathway
in vivo. FASEB J 2019. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2019.33.1_supplement.488.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yann Gibert
- Cell and Molecular BiologyUniversity of Mississippi Medical CenterJacksonMS
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Liam Hall
- Deakin UniversityWaurn pondsAustralia
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Reeg J, Heine S, Mihan C, McGee S, Preuss TG, Jeltsch F. Simulation of herbicide impacts on a plant community: comparing model predictions of the plant community model IBC-grass to empirical data. Environ Sci Eur 2018; 30:44. [PMID: 30524918 PMCID: PMC6244561 DOI: 10.1186/s12302-018-0174-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Semi-natural plant communities such as field boundaries play an important ecological role in agricultural landscapes, e.g., provision of refuge for plant and other species, food web support or habitat connectivity. To prevent undesired effects of herbicide applications on these communities and their structure, the registration and application are regulated by risk assessment schemes in many industrialized countries. Standardized individual-level greenhouse experiments are conducted on a selection of crop and wild plant species to characterize the effects of herbicide loads potentially reaching off-field areas on non-target plants. Uncertainties regarding the protectiveness of such approaches to risk assessment might be addressed by assessment factors that are often under discussion. As an alternative approach, plant community models can be used to predict potential effects on plant communities of interest based on extrapolation of the individual-level effects measured in the standardized greenhouse experiments. In this study, we analyzed the reliability and adequacy of the plant community model IBC-grass (individual-based plant community model for grasslands) by comparing model predictions with empirically measured effects at the plant community level. RESULTS We showed that the effects predicted by the model IBC-grass were in accordance with the empirical data. Based on the species-specific dose responses (calculated from empirical effects in monocultures measured 4 weeks after application), the model was able to realistically predict short-term herbicide impacts on communities when compared to empirical data. CONCLUSION The results presented in this study demonstrate an approach how the current standard greenhouse experiments-measuring herbicide impacts on individual-level-can be coupled with the model IBC-grass to estimate effects on plant community level. In this way, it can be used as a tool in ecological risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jette Reeg
- Department of Plant Ecology and Nature Conservation, University of Potsdam, Am Mühlenberg 3, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Simon Heine
- Bayer AG, Alfred-Nobel-Str. 50, 40789 Monheim am Rhein, Germany
| | - Christine Mihan
- Bayer AG, Alfred-Nobel-Str. 50, 40789 Monheim am Rhein, Germany
| | - Sean McGee
- Bayer CropScience LP, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709 USA
| | | | - Florian Jeltsch
- Department of Plant Ecology and Nature Conservation, University of Potsdam, Am Mühlenberg 3, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), 14195 Berlin, Germany
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10
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McGee S, Whitfield-Aslund M, Duca D, Kopysh N, Dan T, Knopper L, Brewer L. Field evaluation of the potential for avian exposure to clothianidin following the planting of clothianidin-treated corn seed. PeerJ 2018; 6:e5880. [PMID: 30425890 PMCID: PMC6228585 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.5880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to quantify consumption of clothianidin-treated corn seed by birds following standard planting practices. Based on post-planting seed counts on 21 fields in southwestern Ontario, Canada, between 29 and 813 seeds/ha (mean of 224 ± 167 (SD)) were estimated to remain on the soil surface immediately post planting (i.e., less than one seed per 10 m2). This represents between 0.03 and 1.2% of the total sown seeds. The number of seeds missing on each field on the third day after planting as a result of any process (e.g., removal by foraging birds or mammals or burial as a result of heavy rains) ranged from 0 to 136 seeds/ha (0 to 0.0136 seeds/m2). Behavior monitoring of individual birds and 24 h remote video surveillance were deployed to investigate how much of the treated seed remaining on the soil surface was consumed by birds. Spotting scopes were used to monitor the full duration of the field visits of 596 individual birds during morning hours for three consecutive days after planting on the 21 fields. Two birds were observed consuming treated seeds (one seed each) and three birds consumed seeds for which the treatment status could not be visually confirmed. Additionally, constant (24 h) video surveillance for 2-4 days immediately after planting was deployed at 24 areas where multiple treated seeds were found on the soil surface. Across 1,380 h of collected video footage (including both day and night periods), no birds were observed to consume any treated seeds. This study provides field evidence of two factors that determine exposure of birds to clothianidin-treated corn seeds: (1) standard sowing practices in Ontario are effective at burying treated seeds such that the proportion of sown seeds that remain on the soil surface after planting is low, and (2) birds monitored on these fields consumed very few of the clothianidin-treated corn seeds remaining on the soil surface after planting. As these results are dependent on planting techniques and seed characteristics, they are not necessarily applicable to other types of clothianidin treated seed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean McGee
- Bayer CropScience, LP, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | | | - Daiana Duca
- Stantec Consulting Ltd, Stoney Creek, ON, Canada
| | | | - Tereza Dan
- Stantec Consulting Ltd, Stoney Creek, ON, Canada
| | | | - Larry Brewer
- Compliance Services International, Sisters, OR, USA
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11
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Tate M, Willis AM, Deo M, De Blasio MJ, Prakoso D, Kiriazis H, Du XJ, Qian HW, McGee S, Gregorevic P, Ritchie RH. P2841Cardiac-selective targeting of histone deacetylase 4 to limit experimental diabetic cardiomyopathy. Eur Heart J 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy565.p2841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- M Tate
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Heart Failure Pharmacology, Melbourne, Australia
| | - A M Willis
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Heart Failure Pharmacology, Melbourne, Australia
| | - M Deo
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Heart Failure Pharmacology, Melbourne, Australia
| | - M J De Blasio
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Heart Failure Pharmacology, Melbourne, Australia
| | - D Prakoso
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Heart Failure Pharmacology, Melbourne, Australia
| | - H Kiriazis
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Experimental Cardiology Laboratory, Melbourne, Australia
| | - X.-J Du
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Experimental Cardiology Laboratory, Melbourne, Australia
| | - H.-W Qian
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Muscle Research and Therapeutics Laboratory, Melbourne, Australia
| | - S McGee
- Deakin University, School of Medicine, Melbourne, Australia
| | - P Gregorevic
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Muscle Research and Therapeutics Laboratory, Melbourne, Australia
| | - R H Ritchie
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Heart Failure Pharmacology, Melbourne, Australia
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12
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Reeg J, Heine S, Mihan C, Preuss TG, McGee S, Jeltsch F. Potential impact of effects on reproductive attributes induced by herbicides on a plant community. Environ Toxicol Chem 2018; 37:1707-1722. [PMID: 29480535 DOI: 10.1002/etc.4122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2017] [Revised: 12/27/2017] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Current herbicide risk assessment guidelines for nontarget terrestrial plants require testing effects on young, vulnerable life stages (i.e., seedling emergence [and subsequent growth] and vegetative vigor [growth and dry wt]) but not directly on the reproduction of plants. However, the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) has proposed that effects on reproduction might be considered when evaluating the potential effects on plants. We adapted the plant community model for grassland (IBC-grass) to give insight into the current debate on the sensitivity of reproductive versus vegetative endpoints in ecological risk assessment. In an extensive sensitivity analysis of this model, we compared plant attributes potentially affected by herbicides and the consequences for long-term plant population dynamics and plant diversity. This evaluation was implemented by reducing reproductive as well as vegetative endpoints by certain percentages (e.g., 10-90%) as a theoretical assumption. Plant mortality and seed sterility (i.e., inability of seeds to germinate) were the most sensitive attributes. Our results indicated that effects on seed production at off-field exposure rates must be very strong to have an impact on the risk assessment. Otherwise, effects on seed production are compensated for by the soil seed bank. The present study highlights the usefulness of community level modeling studies to support regulators in their decisions on the appropriate risk assessment endpoints and provides confidence in their assessments. Environ Toxicol Chem 2018;37:1707-1722. © 2018 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jette Reeg
- Department of Plant Ecology and Nature Conservation, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Sean McGee
- Bayer CropScience, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Florian Jeltsch
- Department of Plant Ecology and Nature Conservation, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research, Berlin, Germany
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13
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Iacono A, Wijesinha M, Rajagopal K, Murdock N, Hughes T, McGee S, Timofte I, Kim J, Rinaldi J, Terrin M. Stabilization of Lung Function and Survival Improvement By Aerosolized Liposomal Cyclosporine A (L-CsA) for Bronchiolitis Obliterans Syndrome. J Heart Lung Transplant 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2018.01.214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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14
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Whitfield-Aslund M, Winchell M, Bowers L, McGee S, Tang J, Padilla L, Greer C, Knopper L, Moore DRJ. Ecological risk assessment for aquatic invertebrate communities exposed to imidacloprid as a result of labeled agricultural and nonagricultural uses in the United States. Environ Toxicol Chem 2017; 36:1375-1388. [PMID: 27753126 DOI: 10.1002/etc.3655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2016] [Revised: 09/11/2016] [Accepted: 10/16/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A probabilistic ecological risk assessment (ERA) was conducted to determine the potential effects of acute and chronic exposure of aquatic invertebrate communities to imidacloprid arising from labeled agricultural and nonagricultural uses in the United States. Aquatic exposure estimates were derived using a higher-tier refined modeling approach that accounts for realistic variability in environmental and agronomic factors. Toxicity was assessed using refined acute and chronic community-level effect metrics for aquatic invertebrates (i.e., species or taxon sensitivity distributions) developed using the best available data. Acute and chronic probabilistic risk estimates were derived by integrating the exposure distributions for different use patterns with the applicable species or taxon sensitivity distributions to generate risk curves, which plot cumulative probability of exceedance versus the magnitude of effect. Overall, the results of this assessment indicated that the aquatic invertebrate community is unlikely to be adversely affected by acute or chronic exposure to imidacloprid resulting from currently registered uses of imidacloprid in the United States. Environ Toxicol Chem 2017;36:1375-1388. © 2016 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lisa Bowers
- Bayer CropScience, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Sean McGee
- Bayer CropScience, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jane Tang
- Bayer CropScience, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | | | - Colleen Greer
- Intrinsik Environmental Sciences (US), New Gloucester, Maine, USA
| | | | - Dwayne R J Moore
- Intrinsik Environmental Sciences (US), New Gloucester, Maine, USA
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15
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Hennenfent A, McGee S, Dassie K, Grant J, Li K, Zamore K, Davies-Cole J, Johnson-Clarke F. Experiences and perceptions of the United States Ebola Active Monitoring Program: results from a survey of Former Persons Under Monitoring in Washington, DC. Public Health 2017; 144:70-77. [PMID: 28274387 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2016.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Revised: 11/21/2016] [Accepted: 11/24/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess Former Persons Under Monitoring (FPUM)s' experiences and perceptions of the United States (US) Ebola Active Monitoring Program. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective assessment survey of FPUM. METHODS An electronic survey was distributed to FPUMs monitored in Washington, DC, during October 2014-September 2015 (n = 830). RESULTS Most FPUMs (>70%) had a favourable perception of the program. Less than 5% avoided future travel or participation in outbreak response activities as a result of their monitoring experience. Approximately 29% experienced a negative consequence in the US due to their travel history. Only 19.2% reported that the Check and Report Ebola (CARE) phone was their only means of communication and 56.5% never used it for daily reporting. Experiences and perceptions varied significantly by citizenship with citizens of Ebola-affected countries more likely to have a favourable perception of the program, use CARE phones and express concern about Ebola transmission and development. CONCLUSIONS FPUMs perceived the program as beneficial and undergoing monitoring was not a barrier to future travel. Negative consequences resulting from travel were frequent. Targeted distribution of resources (e.g. CARE phones) should be considered for future programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Hennenfent
- CDC/CSTE Applied Epidemiology Fellowship Program, District of Columbia Department of Health, Center for Policy, Planning and Evaluation, Washington, DC, USA.
| | - S McGee
- District of Columbia Department of Health, Center for Policy, Planning and Evaluation, Washington, DC, USA
| | - K Dassie
- District of Columbia Department of Health, Center for Policy, Planning and Evaluation, Washington, DC, USA
| | - J Grant
- District of Columbia Department of Health, Center for Policy, Planning and Evaluation, Washington, DC, USA
| | - K Li
- District of Columbia Department of Health, Center for Policy, Planning and Evaluation, Washington, DC, USA
| | - K Zamore
- District of Columbia Department of Health, Center for Policy, Planning and Evaluation, Washington, DC, USA
| | - J Davies-Cole
- District of Columbia Department of Health, Center for Policy, Planning and Evaluation, Washington, DC, USA
| | - F Johnson-Clarke
- District of Columbia Department of Health, Center for Policy, Planning and Evaluation, Washington, DC, USA
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16
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Heimer G, Kerätär J, Riley L, Balasubramaniam S, Eyal E, Pietikäinen L, Hiltunen JK, Marek-Yagel D, Hamada J, Gregory A, Rogers C, Hogarth P, Nance MA, Shalva N, Veber A, Tzadok M, Nissenkorn A, Tonduti D, Renaldo F, Kraoua I, Panteghini C, Valletta L, Garavaglia B, Cowley MJ, Gayevskiy V, Roscioli T, Silberstein JM, Hoffmann C, Raas-Rothschild A, Tiranti V, Anikster Y, Christodoulou J, Kastaniotis AJ, Ben-Zeev B, Hayflick SJ, Bamshad M, Leal S, Nickerson D, Anderson P, Annable M, Blue E, Buckingham K, Chin J, Chong J, Cornejo R, Davis C, Frazar C, He Z, Jarvik G, Jimenez G, Johanson E, Kolar T, Krauter S, Luksic D, Marvin C, McGee S, McGoldrick D, Patterson K, Perez M, Phillips S, Pijoan J, Robertson P, Santos-Cortez R, Shankar A, Slattery K, Shively K, Siegel D, Smith J, Tackett M, Wang G, Wegener M, Weiss J, Wernick R, Wheeler M, Yi Q. MECR Mutations Cause Childhood-Onset Dystonia and Optic Atrophy, a Mitochondrial Fatty Acid Synthesis Disorder. Am J Hum Genet 2016; 99:1229-1244. [PMID: 27817865 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2016.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Accepted: 09/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial fatty acid synthesis (mtFAS) is an evolutionarily conserved pathway essential for the function of the respiratory chain and several mitochondrial enzyme complexes. We report here a unique neurometabolic human disorder caused by defective mtFAS. Seven individuals from five unrelated families presented with childhood-onset dystonia, optic atrophy, and basal ganglia signal abnormalities on MRI. All affected individuals were found to harbor recessive mutations in MECR encoding the mitochondrial trans-2-enoyl-coenzyme A-reductase involved in human mtFAS. All six mutations are extremely rare in the general population, segregate with the disease in the families, and are predicted to be deleterious. The nonsense c.855T>G (p.Tyr285∗), c.247_250del (p.Asn83Hisfs∗4), and splice site c.830+2_830+3insT mutations lead to C-terminal truncation variants of MECR. The missense c.695G>A (p.Gly232Glu), c.854A>G (p.Tyr285Cys), and c.772C>T (p.Arg258Trp) mutations involve conserved amino acid residues, are located within the cofactor binding domain, and are predicted by structural analysis to have a destabilizing effect. Yeast modeling and complementation studies validated the pathogenicity of the MECR mutations. Fibroblast cell lines from affected individuals displayed reduced levels of both MECR and lipoylated proteins as well as defective respiration. These results suggest that mutations in MECR cause a distinct human disorder of the mtFAS pathway. The observation of decreased lipoylation raises the possibility of a potential therapeutic strategy.
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17
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Berk M, Tye S, Walder K, McGee S. Hyperthermia for Major Depressive Disorder? JAMA Psychiatry 2016; 73:1095-1096. [PMID: 27627184 DOI: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2016.1532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Berk
- IMPACT Strategic Research Centre, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia2Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health and the Centre for Youth Mental Health, the Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health and the Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Susannah Tye
- Translational Neuroscience Lab, Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota4Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis
| | - Ken Walder
- Molecular and Medical Research SRC, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sean McGee
- Molecular and Medical Research SRC, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria, Australia
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18
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Kim Y, McGee S, Czeczor JK, Walker AJ, Kale RP, Kouzani AZ, Walder K, Berk M, Tye SJ. Nucleus accumbens deep-brain stimulation efficacy in ACTH-pretreated rats: alterations in mitochondrial function relate to antidepressant-like effects. Transl Psychiatry 2016; 6:e842. [PMID: 27327257 PMCID: PMC4931612 DOI: 10.1038/tp.2016.84] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2015] [Revised: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 02/25/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction has a critical role in the pathophysiology of mood disorders and treatment response. To investigate this, we established an animal model exhibiting a state of antidepressant treatment resistance in male Wistar rats using 21 days of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) administration (100 μg per day). First, the effect of ACTH treatment on the efficacy of imipramine (10 mg kg(-1)) was investigated alongside its effect on the prefrontal cortex (PFC) mitochondrial function. Second, we examined the mood-regulatory actions of chronic (7 day) high-frequency nucleus accumbens (NAc) deep-brain stimulation (DBS; 130 Hz, 100 μA, 90 μS) and concomitant PFC mitochondrial function. Antidepressant-like responses were assessed in the open field test (OFT) and forced swim test (FST) for both conditions. ACTH pretreatment prevented imipramine-mediated improvement in mobility during the FST (P<0.05). NAc DBS effectively improved FST mobility in ACTH-treated animals (P<0.05). No improvement in mobility was observed for sham control animals (P>0.05). Analyses of PFC mitochondrial function revealed that ACTH-treated animals had decreased capacity for adenosine triphosphate production compared with controls. In contrast, ACTH animals following NAc DBS demonstrated greater mitochondrial function relative to controls. Interestingly, a proportion (30%) of the ACTH-treated animals exhibited heightened locomotor activity in the OFT and exaggerated escape behaviors during the FST, together with general hyperactivity in their home-cage settings. More importantly, the induction of this mania-like phenotype was accompanied by overcompensative increased mitochondrial respiration. Manifestation of a DBS-induced mania-like phenotype in imipramine-resistant animals highlights the potential use of this model in elucidating mechanisms of mood dysregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Kim
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia,Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - S McGee
- Centre for Molecular and Medical Research, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia,Metabolism and Inflammation Program, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - J K Czeczor
- Centre for Molecular and Medical Research, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - A J Walker
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia,Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - R P Kale
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA,School of Engineering, Faculty of Science Engineering and Built Environment, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - A Z Kouzani
- School of Engineering, Faculty of Science Engineering and Built Environment, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - K Walder
- Centre for Molecular and Medical Research, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - M Berk
- Deakin University IMPACT Strategic Research Centre, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - S J Tye
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia,Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA,Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA,Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota, Rochester, MN, USA,Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA. E-mail:
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Melamed IR, Heffron M, McGee S, Ulltate Sanz L, Testori A. A new subset of common variable immune deficiency characterized by reduced C1 esterase inhibitor levels. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2015; 115:83-4. [PMID: 26123426 DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2015.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2014] [Revised: 04/17/2015] [Accepted: 04/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Isaac R Melamed
- IMMUNOe International Research Centers, Centennial, Colorado.
| | - Melinda Heffron
- IMMUNOe International Research Centers, Centennial, Colorado
| | - Sean McGee
- IMMUNOe International Research Centers, Centennial, Colorado
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Chong J, Burrage L, Beck A, Marvin C, McMillin M, Shively K, Harrell T, Buckingham K, Bacino C, Jain M, Alanay Y, Berry S, Carey J, Gibbs R, Lee B, Krakow D, Shendure J, Nickerson D, Bamshad MJ, Bamshad M, Shendure J, Nickerson D, Abecasis G, Anderson P, Blue E, Annable M, Browning B, Buckingham K, Chen C, Chin J, Chong J, Cooper G, Davis C, Frazar C, Harrell T, He Z, Jain P, Jarvik G, Jimenez G, Johanson E, Jun G, Kircher M, Kolar T, Krauter S, Krumm N, Leal S, Luksic D, Marvin C, McMillin M, McGee S, O’Reilly P, Paeper B, Patterson K, Perez M, Phillips S, Pijoan J, Poel C, Reinier F, Robertson P, Santos-Cortez R, Shaffer T, Shephard C, Shively K, Siegel D, Smith J, Staples J, Tabor H, Tackett M, Underwood J, Wegener M, Wang G, Wheeler M, Yi Q. Autosomal-Dominant Multiple Pterygium Syndrome Is Caused by Mutations in MYH3. Am J Hum Genet 2015; 96:841-9. [PMID: 25957469 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2015.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2015] [Accepted: 04/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple pterygium syndrome (MPS) is a phenotypically and genetically heterogeneous group of rare Mendelian conditions characterized by multiple pterygia, scoliosis, and congenital contractures of the limbs. MPS typically segregates as an autosomal-recessive disorder, but rare instances of autosomal-dominant transmission have been reported. Whereas several mutations causing recessive MPS have been identified, the genetic basis of dominant MPS remains unknown. We identified four families affected by dominantly transmitted MPS characterized by pterygia, camptodactyly of the hands, vertebral fusions, and scoliosis. Exome sequencing identified predicted protein-altering mutations in embryonic myosin heavy chain (MYH3) in three families. MYH3 mutations underlie distal arthrogryposis types 1, 2A, and 2B, but all mutations reported to date occur in the head and neck domains. In contrast, two of the mutations found to cause MPS in this study occurred in the tail domain. The phenotypic overlap among persons with MPS, coupled with physical findings distinct from other conditions caused by mutations in MYH3, suggests that the developmental mechanism underlying MPS differs from that of other conditions and/or that certain functions of embryonic myosin might be perturbed by disruption of specific residues and/or domains. Moreover, the vertebral fusions in persons with MPS, coupled with evidence of MYH3 expression in bone, suggest that embryonic myosin plays a role in skeletal development.
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McGee S, Raffini L, Witmer C. Organized sports participation and the association with injury in paediatric patients with haemophilia. Haemophilia 2015; 21:538-42. [DOI: 10.1111/hae.12696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. McGee
- Department of Physical Therapy; The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia; Philadelphia PA USA
| | - L. Raffini
- Division of Hematology; The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia; Philadelphia PA USA
- Department of Pediatrics; Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania; Philadelphia PA USA
| | - C. Witmer
- Division of Hematology; The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia; Philadelphia PA USA
- Department of Pediatrics; Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania; Philadelphia PA USA
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Chong J, McMillin M, Shively K, Beck A, Marvin C, Armenteros J, Buckingham K, Nkinsi N, Boyle E, Berry M, Bocian M, Foulds N, Uzielli M, Haldeman-Englert C, Hennekam R, Kaplan P, Kline A, Mercer C, Nowaczyk M, Klein Wassink-Ruiter J, McPherson E, Moreno R, Scheuerle A, Shashi V, Stevens C, Carey J, Monteil A, Lory P, Tabor H, Smith J, Shendure J, Nickerson D, Bamshad MJ, Bamshad M, Shendure J, Nickerson D, Abecasis G, Anderson P, Blue E, Annable M, Browning B, Buckingham K, Chen C, Chin J, Chong J, Cooper G, Davis C, Frazar C, Harrell T, He Z, Jain P, Jarvik G, Jimenez G, Johanson E, Jun G, Kircher M, Kolar T, Krauter S, Krumm N, Leal S, Luksic D, Marvin C, McMillin M, McGee S, O’Reilly P, Paeper B, Patterson K, Perez M, Phillips S, Pijoan J, Poel C, Reinier F, Robertson P, Santos-Cortez R, Shaffer T, Shephard C, Shively K, Siegel D, Smith J, Staples J, Tabor H, Tackett M, Underwood J, Wegener M, Wang G, Wheeler M, Yi Q. De novo mutations in NALCN cause a syndrome characterized by congenital contractures of the limbs and face, hypotonia, and developmental delay. Am J Hum Genet 2015; 96:462-73. [PMID: 25683120 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2015.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2014] [Accepted: 01/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Freeman-Sheldon syndrome, or distal arthrogryposis type 2A (DA2A), is an autosomal-dominant condition caused by mutations in MYH3 and characterized by multiple congenital contractures of the face and limbs and normal cognitive development. We identified a subset of five individuals who had been putatively diagnosed with "DA2A with severe neurological abnormalities" and for whom congenital contractures of the limbs and face, hypotonia, and global developmental delay had resulted in early death in three cases; this is a unique condition that we now refer to as CLIFAHDD syndrome. Exome sequencing identified missense mutations in the sodium leak channel, non-selective (NALCN) in four families affected by CLIFAHDD syndrome. We used molecular-inversion probes to screen for NALCN in a cohort of 202 distal arthrogryposis (DA)-affected individuals as well as concurrent exome sequencing of six other DA-affected individuals, thus revealing NALCN mutations in ten additional families with "atypical" forms of DA. All 14 mutations were missense variants predicted to alter amino acid residues in or near the S5 and S6 pore-forming segments of NALCN, highlighting the functional importance of these segments. In vitro functional studies demonstrated that NALCN alterations nearly abolished the expression of wild-type NALCN, suggesting that alterations that cause CLIFAHDD syndrome have a dominant-negative effect. In contrast, homozygosity for mutations in other regions of NALCN has been reported in three families affected by an autosomal-recessive condition characterized mainly by hypotonia and severe intellectual disability. Accordingly, mutations in NALCN can cause either a recessive or dominant condition characterized by varied though overlapping phenotypic features, perhaps based on the type of mutation and affected protein domain(s).
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De Jong K, McGee S, Venardos K, Connor T, Elkamie M. The PKD inhibitor CID755673 enhances heart function in diabetic db/db mice. Heart Lung Circ 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2015.06.187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Basehore MJ, Michaelson-Cohen R, Levy-Lahad E, Sismani C, Bird LM, Friez MJ, Walsh T, Abidi F, Holloway L, Skinner C, McGee S, Alexandrou A, Syrrou M, Patsalis PC, Raymond G, Wang T, Schwartz CE, King MC, Stevenson RE. Alpha-thalassemia intellectual disability: variable phenotypic expression among males with a recurrent nonsense mutation - c.109C>T (p.R37X). Clin Genet 2014; 87:461-6. [PMID: 24805811 DOI: 10.1111/cge.12420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2014] [Revised: 05/02/2014] [Accepted: 05/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Alpha-thalassemia intellectual disability, one of the recognizable X-linked disability syndromes, is characterized by short stature, microcephaly, distinctive facies, hypotonic appearance, cardiac and genital anomalies, and marked skewing of X-inactivation in female carriers. With the advent of next generation sequencing, mutations have been identified that result in less severe phenotypes lacking one or more of these phenotypic manifestations. Here we report five unrelated kindreds in which a c.109C>T (p.R37X) mutation segregates with a variable but overall milder phenotype. The distinctive facial appearance of alpha-thalassemia intellectual disability was present in only one of the 18 affected males evaluated beyond the age of puberty, although suggestive facial appearance was present in several during infancy or early childhood. Although the responsible genetic alteration is a nonsense mutation in exon 2 of ATRX, the phenotype appears to be partially rescued by the production of alternative transcripts and/or other molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Basehore
- Greenwood Genetic Center, Molecular Diagnostic, Greenwood, SC, USA
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Lange L, Hu Y, Zhang H, Xue C, Schmidt E, Tang ZZ, Bizon C, Lange E, Smith J, Turner E, Jun G, Kang H, Peloso G, Auer P, Li KP, Flannick J, Zhang J, Fuchsberger C, Gaulton K, Lindgren C, Locke A, Manning A, Sim X, Rivas M, Holmen O, Gottesman O, Lu Y, Ruderfer D, Stahl E, Duan Q, Li Y, Durda P, Jiao S, Isaacs A, Hofman A, Bis J, Correa A, Griswold M, Jakobsdottir J, Smith A, Schreiner P, Feitosa M, Zhang Q, Huffman J, Crosby J, Wassel C, Do R, Franceschini N, Martin L, Robinson J, Assimes T, Crosslin D, Rosenthal E, Tsai M, Rieder M, Farlow D, Folsom A, Lumley T, Fox E, Carlson C, Peters U, Jackson R, van Duijn C, Uitterlinden A, Levy D, Rotter J, Taylor H, Gudnason V, Siscovick D, Fornage M, Borecki I, Hayward C, Rudan I, Chen Y, Bottinger E, Loos R, Sætrom P, Hveem K, Boehnke M, Groop L, McCarthy M, Meitinger T, Ballantyne C, Gabriel S, O’Donnell C, Post W, North K, Reiner A, Boerwinkle E, Psaty B, Altshuler D, Kathiresan S, Lin DY, Jarvik G, Cupples L, Kooperberg C, Wilson J, Nickerson D, Abecasis G, Rich S, Tracy R, Willer C, Gabriel S, Altshuler D, Abecasis G, Allayee H, Cresci S, Daly M, de Bakker P, DePristo M, Do R, Donnelly P, Farlow D, Fennell T, Garimella K, Hazen S, Hu Y, Jordan D, Jun G, Kathiresan S, Kang H, Kiezun A, Lettre G, Li B, Li M, Newton-Cheh C, Padmanabhan S, Peloso G, Pulit S, Rader D, Reich D, Reilly M, Rivas M, Schwartz S, Scott L, Siscovick D, Spertus J, Stitziel N, Stoletzki N, Sunyaev S, Voight B, Willer C, Rich S, Akylbekova E, Atwood L, Ballantyne C, Barbalic M, Barr R, Benjamin E, Bis J, Boerwinkle E, Bowden D, Brody J, Budoff M, Burke G, Buxbaum S, Carr J, Chen D, Chen I, Chen WM, Concannon P, Crosby J, Cupples L, D’Agostino R, DeStefano A, Dreisbach A, Dupuis J, Durda J, Ellis J, Folsom A, Fornage M, Fox C, Fox E, Funari V, Ganesh S, Gardin J, Goff D, Gordon O, Grody W, Gross M, Guo X, Hall I, Heard-Costa N, Heckbert S, Heintz N, Herrington D, Hickson D, Huang J, Hwang SJ, Jacobs D, Jenny N, Johnson A, Johnson C, Kawut S, Kronmal R, Kurz R, Lange E, Lange L, Larson M, Lawson M, Lewis C, Levy D, Li D, Lin H, Liu C, Liu J, Liu K, Liu X, Liu Y, Longstreth W, Loria C, Lumley T, Lunetta K, Mackey A, Mackey R, Manichaikul A, Maxwell T, McKnight B, Meigs J, Morrison A, Musani S, Mychaleckyj J, Nettleton J, North K, O’Donnell C, O’Leary D, Ong F, Palmas W, Pankow J, Pankratz N, Paul S, Perez M, Person S, Polak J, Post W, Psaty B, Quinlan A, Raffel L, Ramachandran V, Reiner A, Rice K, Rotter J, Sanders J, Schreiner P, Seshadri S, Shea S, Sidney S, Silverstein K, Smith N, Sotoodehnia N, Srinivasan A, Taylor H, Taylor K, Thomas F, Tracy R, Tsai M, Volcik K, Wassel C, Watson K, Wei G, White W, Wiggins K, Wilk J, Williams O, Wilson G, Wilson J, Wolf P, Zakai N, Hardy J, Meschia J, Nalls M, Singleton A, Worrall B, Bamshad M, Barnes K, Abdulhamid I, Accurso F, Anbar R, Beaty T, Bigham A, Black P, Bleecker E, Buckingham K, Cairns A, Caplan D, Chatfield B, Chidekel A, Cho M, Christiani D, Crapo J, Crouch J, Daley D, Dang A, Dang H, De Paula A, DeCelie-Germana J, Drumm A, Dyson M, Emerson J, Emond M, Ferkol T, Fink R, Foster C, Froh D, Gao L, Gershan W, Gibson R, Godwin E, Gondor M, Gutierrez H, Hansel N, Hassoun P, Hiatt P, Hokanson J, Howenstine M, Hummer L, Kanga J, Kim Y, Knowles M, Konstan M, Lahiri T, Laird N, Lange C, Lin L, Lin X, Louie T, Lynch D, Make B, Martin T, Mathai S, Mathias R, McNamara J, McNamara S, Meyers D, Millard S, Mogayzel P, Moss R, Murray T, Nielson D, Noyes B, O’Neal W, Orenstein D, O’Sullivan B, Pace R, Pare P, Parker H, Passero M, Perkett E, Prestridge A, Rafaels N, Ramsey B, Regan E, Ren C, Retsch-Bogart G, Rock M, Rosen A, Rosenfeld M, Ruczinski I, Sanford A, Schaeffer D, Sell C, Sheehan D, Silverman E, Sin D, Spencer T, Stonebraker J, Tabor H, Varlotta L, Vergara C, Weiss R, Wigley F, Wise R, Wright F, Wurfel M, Zanni R, Zou F, Nickerson D, Rieder M, Green P, Shendure J, Akey J, Bustamante C, Crosslin D, Eichler E, Fox P, Fu W, Gordon A, Gravel S, Jarvik G, Johnsen J, Kan M, Kenny E, Kidd J, Lara-Garduno F, Leal S, Liu D, McGee S, O’Connor T, Paeper B, Robertson P, Smith J, Staples J, Tennessen J, Turner E, Wang G, Yi Q, Jackson R, Peters U, Carlson C, Anderson G, Anton-Culver H, Assimes T, Auer P, Beresford S, Bizon C, Black H, Brunner R, Brzyski R, Burwen D, Caan B, Carty C, Chlebowski R, Cummings S, Curb J, Eaton C, Ford L, Franceschini N, Fullerton S, Gass M, Geller N, Heiss G, Howard B, Hsu L, Hutter C, Ioannidis J, Jiao S, Johnson K, Kooperberg C, Kuller L, LaCroix A, Lakshminarayan K, Lane D, Lasser N, LeBlanc E, Li KP, Limacher M, Lin DY, Logsdon B, Ludlam S, Manson J, Margolis K, Martin L, McGowan J, Monda K, Kotchen J, Nathan L, Ockene J, O’Sullivan M, Phillips L, Prentice R, Robbins J, Robinson J, Rossouw J, Sangi-Haghpeykar H, Sarto G, Shumaker S, Simon M, Stefanick M, Stein E, Tang H, Taylor K, Thomson C, Thornton T, Van Horn L, Vitolins M, Wactawski-Wende J, Wallace R, Wassertheil-Smoller S, Zeng D, Applebaum-Bowden D, Feolo M, Gan W, Paltoo D, Sholinsky P, Sturcke A. Whole-exome sequencing identifies rare and low-frequency coding variants associated with LDL cholesterol. Am J Hum Genet 2014; 94:233-45. [PMID: 24507775 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2014.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2013] [Accepted: 01/14/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) is a treatable, heritable risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have identified 157 variants associated with lipid levels but are not well suited to assess the impact of rare and low-frequency variants. To determine whether rare or low-frequency coding variants are associated with LDL-C, we exome sequenced 2,005 individuals, including 554 individuals selected for extreme LDL-C (>98(th) or <2(nd) percentile). Follow-up analyses included sequencing of 1,302 additional individuals and genotype-based analysis of 52,221 individuals. We observed significant evidence of association between LDL-C and the burden of rare or low-frequency variants in PNPLA5, encoding a phospholipase-domain-containing protein, and both known and previously unidentified variants in PCSK9, LDLR and APOB, three known lipid-related genes. The effect sizes for the burden of rare variants for each associated gene were substantially higher than those observed for individual SNPs identified from GWASs. We replicated the PNPLA5 signal in an independent large-scale sequencing study of 2,084 individuals. In conclusion, this large whole-exome-sequencing study for LDL-C identified a gene not known to be implicated in LDL-C and provides unique insight into the design and analysis of similar experiments.
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Sadli N, Barrow CJ, McGee S, Suphioglu C. Effect of DHA and coenzymeQ10 against Aβ- and zinc-induced mitochondrial dysfunction in human neuronal cells. Cell Physiol Biochem 2013; 32:243-52. [PMID: 23942088 DOI: 10.1159/000354433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Beta-amyloid (Aβ) protein is a key factor in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and it has been reported that mitochondria is involved in the biochemical pathway by which Aβ can lead to neuronal dysfunction. Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) is an essential cofactor involved in the mitochondrial electron transport chain and has been suggested as a potential therapeutic agent in AD. Zinc toxicity also affects cellular energy production by decreasing oxygen consumption rate (OCR) and ATP turnover in human neuronal cells, which can be restored by the neuroprotective effect of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). METHOD In the present study, using Seahorse XF-24 Metabolic Flux Analysis we investigated the effect of DHA and CoQ10 alone and in combination against Aβ- and zinc-mediated changes in the mitochondrial function of M17 neuroblastoma cell line. RESULTS Here, we observed that DHA is specifically neuroprotective against zinc-triggered mitochondrial dysfunction, but does not directly affect Aβ neurotoxicity. CoQ10 has shown to be protective against both Aβ- and zinc-induced alterations in mitochondrial function. CONCLUSION Our results indicate that DHA and CoQ10 may be useful for the prevention, treatment and management of neurodegenerative diseases such as AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Sadli
- NeuroAllergy Research Laboratory (NARL), School of Medicine, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Australia
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Tennessen JA, Bigham AW, O'Connor TD, Fu W, Kenny EE, Gravel S, McGee S, Do R, Liu X, Jun G, Kang HM, Jordan D, Leal SM, Gabriel S, Rieder MJ, Abecasis G, Altshuler D, Nickerson DA, Boerwinkle E, Sunyaev S, Bustamante CD, Bamshad MJ, Akey JM. Evolution and functional impact of rare coding variation from deep sequencing of human exomes. Science 2012; 337:64-9. [PMID: 22604720 DOI: 10.1126/science.1219240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1213] [Impact Index Per Article: 101.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
As a first step toward understanding how rare variants contribute to risk for complex diseases, we sequenced 15,585 human protein-coding genes to an average median depth of 111× in 2440 individuals of European (n = 1351) and African (n = 1088) ancestry. We identified over 500,000 single-nucleotide variants (SNVs), the majority of which were rare (86% with a minor allele frequency less than 0.5%), previously unknown (82%), and population-specific (82%). On average, 2.3% of the 13,595 SNVs each person carried were predicted to affect protein function of ~313 genes per genome, and ~95.7% of SNVs predicted to be functionally important were rare. This excess of rare functional variants is due to the combined effects of explosive, recent accelerated population growth and weak purifying selection. Furthermore, we show that large sample sizes will be required to associate rare variants with complex traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob A Tennessen
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
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Stanton K, Rao S, Assimes T, Wang B, McGee S, Harada R, Wilson A, Narasimhan B, Donoghoe M, Olin J, Cooke J, Ng M. Asymmetric Dimethylarginine (ADMA) Levels Correlate with Peripheral Vascular Disease Severity but not Coronary Artery Disease. Heart Lung Circ 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2012.05.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Saha A, Barman I, Dingari NC, McGee S, Volynskaya Z, Galindo LH, Liu W, Plecha D, Klein N, Dasari RR, Fitzmaurice M. Raman spectroscopy: a real-time tool for identifying microcalcifications during stereotactic breast core needle biopsies. Biomed Opt Express 2011; 2:2792-803. [PMID: 22025985 PMCID: PMC3191446 DOI: 10.1364/boe.2.002792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2011] [Revised: 09/09/2011] [Accepted: 09/13/2011] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Microcalcifications are an early mammographic sign of breast cancer and a target for stereotactic breast needle biopsy. We present here a Raman spectroscopic tool for detecting microcalcifications in breast tissue based on their chemical composition. We collected ex vivo Raman spectra from 159 tissue sites in fresh stereotactic breast needle biopsies from 33 patients, including 54 normal sites, 75 lesions with microcalcifications and 30 lesions without microcalcifications. Application of our Raman technique resulted in a positive predictive value of 97% for detecting microcalcifications. This study shows that Raman spectroscopy has the potential to detect microcalcifications during stereotactic breast core biopsies and provide real-time feedback to radiologists, thus reducing non-diagnostic and false negative biopsies.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Saha
- Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - I. Barman
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - N. C. Dingari
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - S. McGee
- Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Current Address, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Z. Volynskaya
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Current Address, Aperio Technologies, Inc., 1360 Park Center Dr., Vista, CA 92081, USA
| | - L. H. Galindo
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - W. Liu
- Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- University Hospitals Case Medical Center, 11100 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - D. Plecha
- Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- University Hospitals Case Medical Center, 11100 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - N. Klein
- Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- University Hospitals Case Medical Center, 11100 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - R. R. Dasari
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - M. Fitzmaurice
- Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
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Norton N, Li D, Rieder M, Siegfried J, Rampersaud E, Züchner S, Mangos S, Gonzalez-Quintana J, Wang L, McGee S, Reiser J, Martin E, Nickerson D, Hershberger R. Genome-wide studies of copy number variation and exome sequencing identify rare variants in BAG3 as a cause of dilated cardiomyopathy. Am J Hum Genet 2011; 88:273-82. [PMID: 21353195 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2011.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 227] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2011] [Revised: 01/26/2011] [Accepted: 01/29/2011] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Dilated cardiomyopathy commonly causes heart failure and is the most frequent precipitating cause of heart transplantation. Familial dilated cardiomyopathy has been shown to be caused by rare variant mutations in more than 30 genes but only ~35% of its genetic cause has been identified, principally by using linkage-based or candidate gene discovery approaches. In a multigenerational family with autosomal dominant transmission, we employed whole-exome sequencing in a proband and three of his affected family members, and genome-wide copy number variation in the proband and his affected father and unaffected mother. Exome sequencing identified 428 single point variants resulting in missense, nonsense, or splice site changes. Genome-wide copy number analysis identified 51 insertion deletions and 440 copy number variants > 1 kb. Of these, a 8733 bp deletion, encompassing exon 4 of the heat shock protein cochaperone BCL2-associated athanogene 3 (BAG3), was found in seven affected family members and was absent in 355 controls. To establish the relevance of variants in this protein class in genetic DCM, we sequenced the coding exons in BAG3 in 311 other unrelated DCM probands and identified one frameshift, two nonsense, and four missense rare variants absent in 355 control DNAs, four of which were familial and segregated with disease. Knockdown of bag3 in a zebrafish model recapitulated DCM and heart failure. We conclude that new comprehensive genomic approaches have identified rare variants in BAG3 as causative of DCM.
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Ryu JH, Drain J, Kim JH, McGee S, Gray-Weale A, Waddington L, Parker GJ, Hargreaves M, Yoo SH, Stapleton D. Comparative structural analyses of purified glycogen particles from rat liver, human skeletal muscle and commercial preparations. Int J Biol Macromol 2009; 45:478-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2009.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2009] [Revised: 08/19/2009] [Accepted: 08/20/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Byrne AT, O'Connor AE, Hall M, Murtagh J, O'Neill K, Curran KM, Mongrain K, Rousseau JA, Lecomte R, McGee S, Callanan JJ, O'Shea DF, Gallagher WM. Vascular-targeted photodynamic therapy with BF2-chelated Tetraaryl-Azadipyrromethene agents: a multi-modality molecular imaging approach to therapeutic assessment. Br J Cancer 2009; 101:1565-73. [PMID: 19826417 PMCID: PMC2778519 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6605247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a treatment modality for a range of diseases including cancer. The BF2-chelated tetraaryl-azadipyrromethenes (ADPMs) are an emerging class of non-porphyrin PDT agent, which have previously shown excellent photochemical and photophysical properties for therapeutic application. Herein, in vivo efficacy and mechanism of action studies have been completed for the lead agent, ADMP06. Methods: A multi-modality imaging approach was employed to assess efficacy of treatment, as well as probe the mechanism of action of ADPM06-mediated PDT. Results: Tumour ablation in 71% of animals bearing mammary tumours was achieved after delivery of 2 mg kg−1 of ADPM06 followed immediately by light irradiation with 150 J cm−2. The inherent fluorescence of ADPM06 was utilised to monitor organ biodistribution patterns, with fluorescence reaching baseline levels in all organs within 24 h. Mechanism of action studies were carried out using dynamic positron emission tomography and magnetic resonance imaging techniques, which, when taken together, indicated a decrease in tumour vascular perfusion and concomitant reduction in tumour metabolism over time after treatment. Conclusion: The encouraging treatment responses in vivo and vascular-targeting mechanism of action continue to indicate therapeutic benefit for this new class of photosensitiser.
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Affiliation(s)
- A T Byrne
- UCD School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, UCD Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
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He X, McGee S, Coad JE, Schmidlin F, Iaizzo PA, Swanlund DJ, Kluge S, Rudie E, Bischof JC. Investigation of the thermal and tissue injury behaviour in microwave thermal therapy using a porcine kidney model. Int J Hyperthermia 2009; 20:567-93. [PMID: 15370815 DOI: 10.1080/0265673042000209770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Minimally invasive microwave thermal therapies are being developed for the treatment of small renal cell carcinomas (RCC, d<3 cm). This study assessed the thermal history and corresponding tissue injury patterns resulting from microwave treatment of the porcine renal cortex. Three groups of kidneys were evaluated: (1) in vitro treated, (2) in vivo with 2-h post-treatment perfusion (acute) and (3) in vivo with 7-day post-treatment perfusion (chronic). The kidneys were treated with an interstitial water-cooled microwave probe (Urologix, Plymouth, MN) that created a lesion centered in the renal cortex (50 W for 10 min). The thermal histories were recorded at 0.5 cm radial intervals from the probe axis for correlation with the histologic cellular and vascular injury. The kidneys showed a reproducible 2 cm chronic lesion with distinct histologic injury zones identified. The thermal histories at the edge of these zones were found using Lagrangian interpolation. The threshold thermal histories for microvascular injury and stasis appeared to be lower than that for renal epithelial cell injury. The Arrhenius kinetic injury models were fit to the thermal histories and injury data to determine the kinetic parameters (i.e. activation energy and frequency factor) for the thermal injury processes. The resultant activation energies are consistent in magnitude with those for thermally induced protein denaturation. A 3-D finite element thermal model based on the Pennes bioheat equation was developed and solved using ANSYS (V7.0). The real geometry of the kidneys studied and temperature dependent thermal properties were used in this model. The specific absorption rate (SAR) of the microwave probe required for the thermal modelling was experimentally determined. The results from the thermal modelling suggest that the complicated change of local renal blood perfusion with temperature and time during microwave thermal therapy can be predicted, although a first order kinetic model may be insufficient to capture blood flow changes. The local blood perfusion was found to be a complicated function of temperature and time. A non-linear model based on the degree of vascular stasis was introduced to predict the blood perfusion. In conclusion, interstitial microwave thermal therapy in the normal porcine kidney results in predictable thermal and tissue injury behaviour. Future work in human kidney tissue will be necessary to confirm the clinical significance of these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- X He
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
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Aharmim B, Ahmed SN, Amsbaugh JF, Anthony AE, Banar J, Barros N, Beier EW, Bellerive A, Beltran B, Bergevin M, Biller SD, Boudjemline K, Boulay MG, Bowles TJ, Browne MC, Bullard TV, Burritt TH, Cai B, Chan YD, Chauhan D, Chen M, Cleveland BT, Cox-Mobrand GA, Currat CA, Dai X, Deng H, Detwiler J, DiMarco M, Doe PJ, Doucas G, Drouin PL, Duba CA, Duncan FA, Dunford M, Earle ED, Elliott SR, Evans HC, Ewan GT, Farine J, Fergani H, Fleurot F, Ford RJ, Formaggio JA, Fowler MM, Gagnon N, Germani JV, Goldschmidt A, Goon JTM, Graham K, Guillian E, Habib S, Hahn RL, Hallin AL, Hallman ED, Hamian AA, Harper GC, Harvey PJ, Hazama R, Heeger KM, Heintzelman WJ, Heise J, Helmer RL, Henning R, Hime A, Howard C, Howe MA, Huang M, Jagam P, Jamieson B, Jelley NA, Keeter KJ, Klein JR, Kormos LL, Kos M, Krüger A, Kraus C, Krauss CB, Kutter T, Kyba CCM, Lange R, Law J, Lawson IT, Lesko KT, Leslie JR, Loach JC, MacLellan R, Majerus S, Mak HB, Maneira J, Martin R, McBryde K, McCauley N, McDonald AB, McGee S, Mifflin C, Miller GG, Miller ML, Monreal B, Monroe J, Morissette B, Myers A, Nickel BG, Noble AJ, Oblath NS, O'Keeffe HM, Ollerhead RW, Gann GDO, Oser SM, Ott RA, Peeters SJM, Poon AWP, Prior G, Reitzner SD, Rielage K, Robertson BC, Robertson RGH, Rollin E, Schwendener MH, Secrest JA, Seibert SR, Simard O, Simpson JJ, Sinclair L, Skensved P, Smith MWE, Steiger TD, Stonehill LC, Tesić G, Thornewell PM, Tolich N, Tsui T, Tunnell CD, Van Wechel T, Van Berg R, VanDevender BA, Virtue CJ, Walker TJ, Wall BL, Waller D, Tseung HWC, Wendland J, West N, Wilhelmy JB, Wilkerson JF, Wilson JR, Wouters JM, Wright A, Yeh M, Zhang F, Zuber K. Independent measurement of the total active 8B solar neutrino flux using an array of 3He proportional counters at the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory. Phys Rev Lett 2008; 101:111301. [PMID: 18851271 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.101.111301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The Sudbury Neutrino Observatory (SNO) used an array of 3He proportional counters to measure the rate of neutral-current interactions in heavy water and precisely determined the total active (nu_x) 8B solar neutrino flux. This technique is independent of previous methods employed by SNO. The total flux is found to be 5.54_-0.31;+0.33(stat)-0.34+0.36(syst)x10(6) cm(-2) s(-1), in agreement with previous measurements and standard solar models. A global analysis of solar and reactor neutrino results yields Deltam2=7.59_-0.21;+0.19x10(-5) eV2 and theta=34.4_-1.2;+1.3 degrees. The uncertainty on the mixing angle has been reduced from SNO's previous results.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Aharmim
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada
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Tanner AR, Cook I, McGee S, Bentley B, Frost R, Finnis D. Rapid onset of bloating and early satiety: an unusual cause with positive histology. Gut 2008; 57:813, 871. [PMID: 18477681 DOI: 10.1136/gut.2007.120550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A R Tanner
- Department of Medicine, Salisbury District Hospital, Salisbury, Wiltshire SP2 8BJ, UK.
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Hargreaves M, Fairlie E, McGee S, Garnham A. EXERCISE AND CLASS IIa HISTONE DEACETYLASES IN HUMAN SKELETAL MUSCLE. FASEB J 2008. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.22.1_supplement.754.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Erin Fairlie
- PhysiologyThe University of MelbourneMelbourneAustralia
| | - Sean McGee
- PhysiologyThe University of MelbourneMelbourneAustralia
| | - Andrew Garnham
- Exercise & Nutrition SciencesDeakin UniversityBurwoodAustralia
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Bornheim A, Lipeles E, Pappas SP, Shapiro A, Sun WM, Weinstein AJ, Briere RA, Chen GP, Ferguson T, Tatishvili G, Vogel H, Adam NE, Alexander JP, Berkelman K, Blanc F, Boisvert V, Cassel DG, Drell PS, Duboscq JE, Ecklund KM, Ehrlich R, Galik RS, Gibbons L, Gittelman B, Gray SW, Hartill DL, Heltsley BK, Hsu L, Jones CD, Kandaswamy J, Kreinick DL, Magerkurth A, Mahlke-Kruger H, Meyer TO, Mistry NB, Patterson JR, Peterson D, Pivarski J, Richichi SJ, Riley D, Sadoff AJ, Schwarthoff H, Shepherd MR, Thayer JG, Urner D, Wilksen T, Warburton A, Weinberger M, Athar SB, Avery P, Breva-Newell L, Potlia V, Stoeck H, Yelton J, Benslama K, Eisenstein BI, Gollin GD, Karliner I, Lowrey N, Plager C, Sedlack C, Selen M, Thaler JJ, Williams J, Edwards KW, Besson D, Zhao X, Anderson S, Frolov VV, Gong DT, Kubota Y, Li SZ, Poling R, Smith A, Stepaniak CJ, Urheim J, Metreveli Z, Seth KK, Tomaradze A, Zweber P, Ahmed S, Alam MS, Ernst J, Jian L, Saleem M, Wappler F, Arms K, Eckhart E, Gan KK, Gwon C, Honscheid K, Hufnagel D, Kagan H, Kass R, Pedlar TK, von Toerne E, Zoeller MM, Severini H, Skubic P, Dytman SA, Mueller JA, Nam S, Savinov V, Hinson JW, Lee J, Miller DH, Pavlunin V, Sanghi B, Shibata EI, Shipsey IPJ, Cronin-Hennessy D, Lyon AL, Park CS, Park W, Thayer JB, Thorndike EH, Coan TE, Gao YS, Liu F, Maravin Y, Stroynowski R, Artuso M, Boulahouache C, Blusk S, Bukin K, Dambasuren E, Mountain R, Muramatsu H, Nandakumar R, Skwarnicki T, Stone S, Wang JC, Mahmood AH, Csorna SE, Danko I, Bonvicini G, Cinabro D, Dubrovin M, McGee S. Publisher’s Note: Measurements of charmless hadronic two-bodyBmeson decays and the ratioB(B→DK)/B(B→Dπ)[Phys. Rev. D68, 052002 (2003)]. Int J Clin Exp Med 2007. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.75.119907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Taylor A, Sheridan M, McGee S, Halligan S. Preoperative staging of rectal cancer by MRI; results of a UK survey. Clin Radiol 2005; 60:579-86. [PMID: 15851046 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2004.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2004] [Revised: 10/24/2004] [Accepted: 11/10/2004] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
AIM To determine current day-to-day practice of and access to preoperative MRI for patients with rectal cancer in the UK, with the aim of identifying constraining factors. MATERIALS AND METHODS A questionnaire asking for details of rectal cancer workload, multidisciplinary team (MDT) practice, preoperative MRI, the use of alternative imaging methods where appropriate, and an assessment of local access to MRI, was mailed to 283 UK departments of radiology. Replies were received from 142 departments (50.2% response rate). These were collated and response frequencies were determined. RESULTS According to their replies, 135 (95%) of respondents always discussed rectal cancer cases within the context of an MDT, usually including a radiologist. Only 49% of respondents attempted to offer preoperative MRI to all rectal cancer patients, and 35% of respondents used MRI in less than 25% of cases. Of the 142 respondents, 73 (51%) felt their practice was currently constrained by lack of MR resources. The most frequently cited constraint was an available but over-subscribed MRI scanner. Limited radiology manpower was the next most frequently cited constraint. A significant minority stated that no MRI scanner was available. CONCLUSIONS The MDT is a well established forum for the discussion of patients with rectal cancer, and a radiologist is usually involved. However, in the face of current guidelines, less than 50% of the units studied were able to offer preoperative MRI to all of their rectal cancer cases. Improved access to MRI and increased radiological manpower are necessary if current management guidelines are to be observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Taylor
- Department of Radiology, Royal Lancaster Infirmary, Lancaster, UK.
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Hinson JW, Huang GS, Lee J, Miller DH, Pavlunin V, Rangarajan R, Sanghi B, Shibata EI, Shipsey IPJ, Cronin-Hennessy D, Park CS, Park W, Thayer JB, Thorndike EH, Coan TE, Gao YS, Liu F, Stroynowski R, Artuso M, Boulahouache C, Blusk S, Dambasuren E, Dorjkhaidav O, Mountain R, Muramatsu H, Nandakumar R, Skwarnicki T, Stone S, Wang JC, Csorna SE, Danko I, Bonvicini G, Cinabro D, Dubrovin M, McGee S, Bornheim A, Lipeles E, Pappas SP, Shapiro A, Sun WM, Weinstein AJ, Briere RA, Chen GP, Ferguson T, Tatishvili G, Vogel H, Watkins ME, Adam NE, Alexander JP, Berkelman K, Boisvert V, Cassel DG, Duboscq JE, Ecklund KM, Ehrlich R, Galik RS, Gibbons L, Gittelman B, Gray SW, Hartill DL, Heltsley BK, Hsu L, Jones CD, Kandaswamy J, Kreinick DL, Magerkurth A, Mahlke-Krüger H, Meyer TO, Mistry NB, Patterson JR, Peterson D, Pivarski J, Richichi SJ, Riley D, Sadoff AJ, Schwarthoff H, Shepherd MR, Thayer JG, Urner D, Wilksen T, Warburton A, Weinberger M, Athar SB, Avery P, Breva-Newell L, Potlia V, Stoeck H, Yelton J, Benslama K, Cawlfield C, Eisenstein BI, Gollin GD, Karliner I, Lowrey N, Plager C, Sedlack C, Selen M, Thaler JJ, Williams J, Edwards KW, Besson D, Anderson S, Frolov VV, Gong DT, Kubota Y, Li SZ, Poling R, Smith A, Stepaniak CJ, Urheim J, Metreveli Z, Seth KK, Tomaradze A, Zweber P, Ahmed S, Alam MS, Ernst J, Jian L, Saleem M, Wappler F, Arms K, Eckhart E, Gan KK, Gwon C, Honscheid K, Kagan H, Kass R, Pedlar TK, von Toerne E, Severini H, Skubic P, Dytman SA, Mueller JA, Nam S, Savinov V. Improved measurement of the form factors in the decay lambda+c-->lambda + nue. Phys Rev Lett 2005; 94:191801. [PMID: 16090160 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.94.191801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2004] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Using the CLEO detector at the Cornell Electron Storage Ring, we have studied the distribution of kinematic variables in the decay lambda(+)(c)lambda--> e(+)nu(e). By performing a four-dimensional maximum likelihood fit, we determine the form factor ratio, R= f(2)/f(1) = -0.31 +/- 0.05(stat) +/- 0.04(syst), the pole mass, M(pole) = [2.21 +/- 0.08(stat) +/- 0.14(syst)] GeV/c(2), and the decay asymmetry parameter of the lambda(+)(c), alpha (lambda(c)) = -0.86 +/-0.03(stat) +/- 0.02(syst), for q(2) = 0.67 (GeV/c(2))(2). We compare the angular distributions of the lambda(+)(c) and lambda(-)(c) and find no evidence for CP violation: A(lambda(c)) = (alpha(lambda(c)) + alpha (lambda(c)))/(alpha(lambda(c))-alpha(lambda(c))) = 0.00 +/- 0.03(stat) +/- 0.01(syst) +/- 0.02, where the third error is from the uncertainty in the world average of the CP-violating parameter, A(lambda), for ppi(-).
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Affiliation(s)
- J W Hinson
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
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Ahmed SN, Anthony AE, Beier EW, Bellerive A, Biller SD, Boger J, Boulay MG, Bowler MG, Bowles TJ, Brice SJ, Bullard TV, Chan YD, Chen M, Chen X, Cleveland BT, Cox GA, Dai X, Dalnoki-Veress F, Doe PJ, Dosanjh RS, Doucas G, Dragowsky MR, Duba CA, Duncan FA, Dunford M, Dunmore JA, Earle ED, Elliott SR, Evans HC, Ewan GT, Farine J, Fergani H, Fleurot F, Formaggio JA, Fowler MM, Frame K, Fulsom BG, Gagnon N, Graham K, Grant DR, Hahn RL, Hall JC, Hallin AL, Hallman ED, Hamer AS, Handler WB, Hargrove CK, Harvey PJ, Hazama R, Heeger KM, Heintzelman WJ, Heise J, Helmer RL, Hemingway RJ, Hime A, Howe MA, Jagam P, Jelley NA, Klein JR, Kos MS, Krumins AV, Kutter T, Kyba CCM, Labranche H, Lange R, Law J, Lawson IT, Lesko KT, Leslie JR, Levine I, Luoma S, MacLellan R, Majerus S, Mak HB, Maneira J, Marino AD, McCauley N, McDonald AB, McGee S, McGregor G, Mifflin C, Miknaitis KKS, Miller GG, Moffat BA, Nally CW, Nickel BG, Noble AJ, Norman EB, Oblath NS, Okada CE, Ollerhead RW, Orrell JL, Oser SM, Ouellet C, Peeters SJM, Poon AWP, Robertson BC, Robertson RGH, Rollin E, Rosendahl SSE, Rusu VL, Schwendener MH, Simard O, Simpson JJ, Sims CJ, Sinclair D, Skensved P, Smith MWE, Starinsky N, Stokstad RG, Stonehill LC, Tafirout R, Takeuchi Y, Tesić G, Thomson M, Thorman M, Van Berg R, Van de Water RG, Virtue CJ, Wall BL, Waller D, Waltham CE, Tseung HWC, Wark DL, West N, Wilhelmy JB, Wilkerson JF, Wilson JR, Wouters JM, Yeh M, Zuber K. Measurement of the total active 8B solar neutrino flux at the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory with enhanced neutral current sensitivity. Phys Rev Lett 2004; 92:181301. [PMID: 15169480 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.92.181301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2003] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The Sudbury Neutrino Observatory has precisely determined the total active (nu(x)) 8B solar neutrino flux without assumptions about the energy dependence of the nu(e) survival probability. The measurements were made with dissolved NaCl in heavy water to enhance the sensitivity and signature for neutral-current interactions. The flux is found to be 5.21 +/- 0.27(stat)+/-0.38(syst) x 10(6) cm(-2) s(-1), in agreement with previous measurements and standard solar models. A global analysis of these and other solar and reactor neutrino results yields Deltam(2)=7.1(+1.2)(-0.6) x 10(-5) eV(2) and theta=32.5(+2.4)(-2.3) degrees. Maximal mixing is rejected at the equivalent of 5.4 standard deviations.
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Affiliation(s)
- S N Ahmed
- Department of Physics, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6 Canada
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Hargreaves M, McGee S. Exercise Increases MEF2 Phosphorylation in Human Skeletal Muscle. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2004. [DOI: 10.1249/00005768-200405001-01297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Ahmed SN, Anthony AE, Beier EW, Bellerive A, Biller SD, Boger J, Boulay MG, Bowler MG, Bowles TJ, Brice SJ, Bullard TV, Chan YD, Chen M, Chen X, Cleveland BT, Cox GA, Dai X, Dalnoki-Veress F, Doe PJ, Dosanjh RS, Doucas G, Dragowsky MR, Duba CA, Duncan FA, Dunford M, Dunmore JA, Earle ED, Elliott SR, Evans HC, Ewan GT, Farine J, Fergani H, Fleurot F, Formaggio JA, Fowler MM, Frame K, Frati W, Fulsom BG, Gagnon N, Graham K, Grant DR, Hahn RL, Hall JC, Hallin AL, Hallman ED, Hamer AS, Handler WB, Hargrove CK, Harvey PJ, Hazama R, Heeger KM, Heintzelman WJ, Heise J, Helmer RL, Hemingway RJ, Hime A, Howe MA, Jagam P, Jelley NA, Klein JR, Kos MS, Krumins AV, Kutter T, Kyba CCM, Labranche H, Lange R, Law J, Lawson IT, Lesko KT, Leslie JR, Levine I, Luoma S, MacLellan R, Majerus S, Mak HB, Maneira J, Marino AD, McCauley N, McDonald AB, McGee S, McGregor G, Mifflin C, Miknaitis KKS, Miller GG, Moffat BA, Nally CW, Neubauer MS, Nickel BG, Noble AJ, Norman EB, Oblath NS, Okada CE, Ollerhead RW, Orrell JL, Oser SM, Ouellet C, Peeters SJM, Poon AWP, Robertson BC, Robertson RGH, Rollin E, Rosendahl SSE, Rusu VL, Schwendener MH, Simard O, Simpson JJ, Sims CJ, Sinclair D, Skensved P, Smith MWE, Starinsky N, Stokstad RG, Stonehill LC, Tafirout R, Takeuchi Y, Tesić G, Thomson M, Thorman M, Van Berg R, Van de Water RG, Virtue CJ, Wall BL, Waller D, Waltham CE, Tseung HWC, Wark DL, West N, Wilhelmy JB, Wilkerson JF, Wilson JR, Wittich P, Wouters JM, Yeh M, Zuber K. Constraints on nucleon decay via invisible modes from the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory. Phys Rev Lett 2004; 92:102004. [PMID: 15089201 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.92.102004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2003] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Data from the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory have been used to constrain the lifetime for nucleon decay to "invisible" modes, such as n-->3nu. The analysis was based on a search for gamma rays from the deexcitation of the residual nucleus that would result from the disappearance of either a proton or neutron from 16O. A limit of tau(inv)>2 x 10(29) yr is obtained at 90% confidence for either neutron- or proton-decay modes. This is about an order of magnitude more stringent than previous constraints on invisible proton-decay modes and 400 times more stringent than similar neutron modes.
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Affiliation(s)
- S N Ahmed
- Department of Physics, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada K7L 3N6
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Adam NE, Alexander JP, Berkelman K, Boisvert V, Cassel DG, Drell PS, Duboscq JE, Ecklund KM, Ehrlich R, Galik RS, Gibbons L, Gittelman B, Gray SW, Hartill DL, Heltsley BK, Hsu L, Jones CD, Kandaswamy J, Kreinick DL, Magerkurth A, Mahlke-Krüger H, Meyer TO, Mistry NB, Patterson JR, Peterson D, Pivarski J, Richichi SJ, Riley D, Sadoff AJ, Schwarthoff H, Shepherd MR, Thayer JG, Urner D, Wilksen T, Warburton A, Weinberger M, Athar SB, Avery P, Breva-Newell L, Potlia V, Stoeck H, Yelton J, Benslama K, Eisenstein BI, Gollin GD, Karliner I, Lowrey N, Plager C, Sedlack C, Selen M, Thaler JJ, Williams J, Edwards KW, Bean A, Besson D, Zhao X, Anderson S, Frolov VV, Gong DT, Kubota Y, Li SZ, Poling R, Smith A, Stepaniak CJ, Urheim J, Metreveli Z, Seth KK, Tomaradze A, Zweber P, Ahmed S, Alam MS, Ernst J, Jian L, Saleem M, Wappler F, Arms K, Eckhart E, Gan KK, Gwon C, Honscheid K, Hufnagel D, Kagan H, Kass R, Pedlar TK, von Toerne E, Zoeller MM, Severini H, Skubic P, Dytman SA, Mueller JA, Nam S, Savinov V, Hinson JW, Lee J, Miller DH, Pavlunin V, Sanghi B, Shibata EI, Shipsey IPJ, Cronin-Hennessy D, Lyon AL, Park CS, Park W, Thayer JB, Thorndike EH, Coan TE, Gao YS, Liu F, Maravin Y, Stroynowski R, Artuso M, Boulahouache C, Blusk S, Bukin K, Dambasuren E, Mountain R, Muramatsu H, Nandakumar R, Skwarnicki T, Stone S, Wang JC, Mahmood AH, Csorna SE, Danko I, Bonvicini G, Cinabro D, Dubrovin M, McGee S, Bornheim A, Lipeles E, Pappas SP, Shapiro A, Sun WM, Weinstein AJ, Briere RA, Chen GP, Ferguson T, Tatishvili G, Vogel H. Search forB→p¯e−ν¯eXdecay using a partial reconstruction method. Int J Clin Exp Med 2003. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.68.012004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Briere RA, Chen GP, Ferguson T, Tatishvili G, Vogel H, Adam NE, Alexander JP, Berkelman K, Boisvert V, Cassel DG, Drell PS, Duboscq JE, Ecklund KM, Ehrlich R, Galik RS, Gibbons L, Gittelman B, Gray SW, Hartill DL, Heltsley BK, Hsu L, Jones CD, Kandaswamy J, Kreinick DL, Magerkurth A, Mahlke-Krüger H, Meyer TO, Mistry NB, Patterson JR, Peterson D, Pivarski J, Richichi SJ, Riley D, Sadoff AJ, Schwarthoff H, Shepherd MR, Thayer JG, Urner D, Wilksen T, Warburton A, Weinberger M, Athar SB, Avery P, Breva-Newell L, Potlia V, Stoeck H, Yelton J, Benslama K, Eisenstein BI, Gollin GD, Karliner I, Lowrey N, Plager C, Sedlack C, Selen M, Thaler JJ, Williams J, Edwards KW, Besson D, Zhao X, Anderson S, Frolov VV, Gong DT, Kubota Y, Li SZ, Poling R, Smith A, Stepaniak CJ, Urheim J, Metreveli Z, Seth KK, Tomaradze A, Zweber P, Ahmed S, Alam MS, Ernst J, Jian L, Saleem M, Wappler F, Arms K, Eckhart E, Gan KK, Gwon C, Honscheid K, Hufnagel D, Kagan H, Kass R, Pedlar TK, von Toerne E, Zoeller MM, Severini H, Skubic P, Dytman SA, Mueller JA, Nam S, Savinov V, Hinson JW, Lee J, Miller DH, Pavlunin V, Sanghi B, Shibata EI, Shipsey IPJ, Cronin-Hennessy D, Lyon AL, Park CS, Park W, Thayer JB, Thorndike EH, Coan TE, Gao YS, Liu F, Maravin Y, Stroynowski R, Artuso M, Boulahouache C, Blusk S, Bukin K, Dambasuren E, Mountain R, Muramatsu H, Nandakumar R, Skwarnicki T, Stone S, Wang JC, Mahmood AH, Csorna SE, Danko I, Bonvicini G, Cinabro D, Dubrovin M, McGee S, Bornheim A, Lipeles E, Pappas SP, Shapiro A, Sun WM, Weinstein AJ. Branching fractions of tau leptons to three charged hadrons. Phys Rev Lett 2003; 90:181802. [PMID: 12785998 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.90.181802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2003] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
From electron-positron collision data collected with the CLEO detector operating at Cornell Electron Storage Ring near sqrt[s]=10.6 GeV, improved measurements of the branching fractions for tau decays into three explicitly identified hadrons and a neutrino are presented as B(tau(-)-->pi(-)pi(+)pi(-)nu(tau))=(9.13+/-0.05+/-0.46)%, B(tau(-)-->K-pi(+)pi(-)nu(tau))=(3.84+/-0.14+/-0.38) x 10(-3), B(tau(-)-->K-K+pi(-)nu(tau))=(1.55+/-0.06+/-0.09) x 10(-3), and B(tau(-)-->K-K+K-nu(tau))<3.7 x 10(-5) at 90% C.L., where the uncertainties are statistical and systematic, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- R A Briere
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
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46
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Coan TE, Gao YS, Liu F, Maravin Y, Stroynowski R, Artuso M, Boulahouache C, Blusk S, Bukin K, Dambasuren E, Moneti GC, Mountain R, Muramatsu H, Nandakumar R, Skwarnicki T, Stone S, Wang JC, Mahmood AH, Csorna SE, Danko I, Bonvicini G, Cinabro D, Dubrovin M, McGee S, Bornheim A, Lipeles E, Pappas SP, Shapiro A, Sun WM, Weinstein AJ, Briere RA, Chen GP, Ferguson T, Tatishvili G, Vogel H, Adam NE, Alexander JP, Berkelman K, Boisvert V, Cassel DG, Drell PS, Duboscq JE, Ecklund KM, Ehrlich R, Galik RS, Gibbons L, Gittelman B, Gray SW, Hartill DL, Heltsley BK, Hsu L, Jones CD, Kandaswamy J, Kreinick DL, Magerkurth A, Mahlke-Krüger H, Meyer TO, Mistry NB, Patterson JR, Peterson D, Pivarski J, Richichi SJ, Riley D, Sadoff AJ, Schwarthoff H, Shepherd MR, Thayer JG, Urner D, Wilksen T, Warburton A, Weinberger M, Athar SB, Avery P, Breva-Newell L, Potlia V, Stoeck H, Yelton J, Benslama K, Eisenstein BI, Gollin GD, Karliner I, Lowrey N, Plager C, Sedlack C, Selen M, Thaler JJ, Williams J, Edwards KW, Ammar R, Besson D, Anderson S, Frolov VV, Gong DT, Kubota Y, Li SZ, Poling R, Smith A, Stepaniak CJ, Urheim J, Metreveli Z, Seth KK, Tomaradze A, Zweber P, Ahmed S, Alam MS, Ernst J, Jian L, Saleem M, Wappler F, Arms K, Eckhart E, Gan KK, Gwon C, Honscheid K, Hufnagel D, Kagan H, Kass R, Pedlar TK, Von Toerne E, Zoeller MM, Severini H, Skubic P, Dytman SA, Mueller JA, Nam S, Savinov V, Chen S, Hinson JW, Lee J, Miller DH, Pavlunin V, Shibata EI, Shipsey IPJ, Cronin-Hennessy D, Lyon AL, Park CS, Park W, Thayer JB, Thorndike EH. First search for the flavor changing neutral current decay D0-->gammagamma. Phys Rev Lett 2003; 90:101801. [PMID: 12688989 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.90.101801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2002] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Using 13.8 fb(-1) of data collected at or just below the Upsilon(4S) with the CLEO detector, we report the result of a search for the flavor changing neutral current process D0-->gammagamma. We observe no significant signal for this decay mode and determine 90% confidence level upper limits on the branching fractions B(D0-->gammagamma)/B(D0-->pi(0)pi(0))<0.033 and B(D0-->gammagamma)<2.9 x 10(-5).
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Affiliation(s)
- T E Coan
- Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas 75275, USA
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47
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Cronin-Hennessy D, Lyon AL, Park CS, Park W, Thayer JB, Thorndike EH, Coan TE, Gao YS, Liu F, Maravin Y, Stroynowski R, Artuso M, Boulahouache C, Blusk S, Bukin K, Dambasuren E, Mountain R, Moneti GC, Muramatsu H, Nandakumar R, Skwarnicki T, Stone S, Wang JC, Mahmood AH, Csorna SE, Danko I, Bonvicini G, Cinabro D, Dubrovin M, McGee S, Bornheim A, Lipeles E, Pappas SP, Shapiro A, Sun WM, Weinstein AJ, Briere RA, Chen GP, Ferguson T, Tatishvili G, Vogel H, Adam NE, Alexander JP, Berkelman K, Boisvert V, Cassel DG, Drell PS, Duboscq JE, Ecklund KM, Ehrlich R, Galik RS, Gibbons L, Gittelman B, Gray SW, Hartill DL, Heltsley BK, Hsu L, Jones CD, Kandaswamy J, Kreinick DL, Magerkurth A, Mahlke-Krüger H, Meyer TO, Mistry NB, Nordberg E, Patterson JR, Peterson D, Pivarski J, Richichi SJ, Riley D, Sadoff AJ, Schwarthoff H, Shepherd MR, Thayer JG, Urner D, Wilksen T, Warburton A, Weinberger M, Athar SB, Avery P, Breva-Newell L, Potlia V, Stoeck H, Yelton J, Benslama K, Eisenstein BI, Gollin GD, Karliner I, Lowrey N, Plager C, Sedlack C, Selen M, Thaler JJ, Williams J, Edwards KW, Ammar R, Besson D, Zhao X, Anderson S, Frolov VV, Gong DT, Kubota Y, Li SZ, Poling R, Smith A, Stepaniak CJ, Urheim J, Metreveli Z, Seth KK, Tomaradze A, Zweber P, Ahmed S, Alam MS, Ernst J, Jian L, Saleem M, Wappler F, Arms K, Eckhart E, Gan KK, Gwon C, Hart T, Honscheid K, Hufnagel D, Kagan H, Kass R, Pedlar TK, von Toerne E, Zoeller MM, Severini H, Skubic P, Dytman SA, Mueller JA, Nam S, Savinov V, Chen S, Hinson JW, Lee J, Miller DH, Pavlunin V, Shibata EI, Shipsey IPJ. First observation of the exclusive decays Λc+→Λπ+π+π−π0and Λc+→Λωπ+. Int J Clin Exp Med 2003. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.67.012001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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48
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Anderson S, Frolov VV, Kubota Y, Lee SJ, Li SZ, Poling R, Smith A, Stepaniak CJ, Urheim J, Metreveli Z, Seth KK, Tomaradze A, Zweber P, Ahmed S, Alam MS, Jian L, Saleem M, Wappler F, Eckhart E, Gan KK, Gwon C, Hart T, Honscheid K, Hufnagel D, Kagan H, Kass R, Pedlar TK, Thayer JB, von Toerne E, Wilksen T, Zoeller MM, Muramatsu H, Richichi SJ, Severini H, Skubic P, Dytman SA, Mueller JA, Nam S, Savinov V, Chen S, Hinson JW, Lee J, Miller DH, Pavlunin V, Shibata EI, Shipsey IPJ, Cronin-Hennessy D, Lyon AL, Park CS, Park W, Thorndike EH, Coan TE, Gao YS, Liu F, Maravin Y, Narsky I, Stroynowski R, Artuso M, Boulahouache C, Bukin K, Dambasuren E, Khroustalev K, Moneti GC, Mountain R, Nandakumar R, Skwarnicki T, Stone S, Wang JC, Mahmood AH, Csorna SE, Danko I, Xu Z, Bonvicini G, Cinabro D, Dubrovin M, McGee S, Bornheim A, Lipeles E, Pappas SP, Shapiro A, Sun WM, Weinstein AJ, Masek G, Paar HP, Mahapatra R, Nelson HN, Briere RA, Chen GP, Ferguson T, Tatishvili G, Vogel H, Adam NE, Alexander JP, Berkelman K, Blanc F, Boisvert V, Cassel DG, Drell PS, Duboscq JE, Ecklund KM, Ehrlich R, Gibbons L, Gittelman B, Gray SW, Hartill DL, Heltsley BK, Hsu L, Jones CD, Kandaswamy J, Kreinick DL, Magerkurth A, Mahlke-Krüger H, Meyer TO, Mistry NB, Nordberg E, Patterson JR, Peterson D, Pivarski J, Riley D, Sadoff AJ, Schwarthoff H, Shepherd MR, Thayer JG, Urner D, Valant-Spaight B, Viehhauser G, Warburton A, Weinberger M, Athar SB, Avery P, Breva-Newell L, Potlia V, Stoeck H, Yelton J, Brandenburg G, Ershov A, Kim DYJ, Wilson R, Benslama K, Eisenstein BI, Ernst J, Gollin GD, Hans RM, Karliner I, Lowrey N, Marsh MA, Plager C, Sedlack C, Selen M, Thaler JJ, Williams J, Edwards KW, Ammar R, Besson D, Zhao X. Measurements of inclusive B-->psi production. Phys Rev Lett 2002; 89:282001. [PMID: 12513135 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.89.282001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2002] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Using the combined CLEO II and CLEO II.V data sets of 9.1 fb(-1) at the Upsilon(4S), we measure properties of psi mesons produced directly from decays of the B meson, where "B" denotes an admixture of B+, B-, B0, and B;(0), and "psi" denotes either J/psi(1S) or psi(2S). We report first measurements of psi polarization in B-->psi(direct)X: alpha(psi(1S))=-0.30(+0.07)(-0.06)+/-0.04 and alpha(psi(2S))=-0.45(+0.22)(-0.19)+/-0.04. We also report improved measurements of the momentum distributions of psi produced directly from B decays, correcting for measurement smearing. Finally, we report measurements of the inclusive branching fraction for B-->psiX and B-->chi(c1)X.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Anderson
- University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
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49
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Eckhart E, Gan KK, Gwon C, Hart T, Honscheid K, Hufnagel D, Kagan H, Kass R, Pedlar TK, Thayer JB, Von Toerne E, Wilksen T, Zoeller MM, Muramatsu H, Richichi SJ, Severini H, Skubic P, Dytman SA, Mueller JA, Nam S, Savinov V, Chen S, Hinson JW, Lee J, Miller DH, Pavlunin V, Shibata EI, Shipsey IPJ, Cronin-Hennessy D, Lyon AL, Park CS, Park W, Thorndike EH, Coan TE, Gao YS, Liu F, Maravin Y, Stroynowski R, Artuso M, Boulahouache C, Bukin K, Dambasuren E, Khroustalev K, Mountain R, Nandakumar R, Skwarnicki T, Stone S, Wang JC, Mahmood AH, Csorna SE, Danko I, Bonvicini G, Cinabro D, Dubrovin M, McGee S, Bornheim A, Lipeles E, Pappas SP, Shapiro A, Sun WM, Weinstein AJ, Würthwein F, Mahapatra R, Briere RA, Chen GP, Ferguson T, Tatishvili G, Vogel H, Adam NE, Alexander JP, Berkelman K, Boisvert V, Cassel DG, Drell PS, Duboscq JE, Ecklund KM, Ehrlich R, Gibbons L, Gittelman B, Gray SW, Hartill DL, Heltsley BK, Hsu L, Jones CD, Kandaswamy J, Kreinick DL, Magerkurth A, Mahlke-Krüger H, Meyer TO, Mistry NB, Nordberg E, Patterson JR, Peterson D, Pivarski J, Riley D, Sadoff AJ, Schwarthoff H, Shepherd MR, Thayer JG, Urner D, Valant-Spaight B, Viehhauser G, Warburton A, Weinberger M, Athar SB, Avery P, Breva-Newell L, Potlia V, Stoeck H, Yelton J, Brandenburg G, Kim DYJ, Wilson R, Benslama K, Eisenstein BI, Ernst J, Gollin GD, Hans RM, Karliner I, Lowrey N, Marsh MA, Plager C, Sedlack C, Selen M, Thaler JJ, Williams J, Edwards KW, Ammar R, Besson D, Zhao X, Anderson S, Frolov VV, Kubota Y, Lee SJ, Li SZ, Poling R, Smith A, Stepaniak CJ, Urheim J, Metreveli Z, Seth KK, Tomaradze A, Zweber P, Ahmed S, Alam MS, Jian L, Saleem M, Wappler F. Observation of B-->K(0)(S)pi(+)pi(-) and Evidence for B-->K(*+/-)pi(-/+). Phys Rev Lett 2002; 89:251801. [PMID: 12484873 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.89.251801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2002] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We report on a search for charmless hadronic B decays to the three-body final states K(0)(S)h(+)pi(-), K(+)h(-)pi(0), K(0)(S)h(+)pi(0) (h(+/-) denotes a charged pion or kaon), and their charge conjugates, using 13.5 fb(-1) of integrated luminosity produced near sqrt[s]=10.6 GeV, and collected with the CLEO detector. We observe the decay B-->K0pi(+)pi(-) with a branching fraction (50(+10)(-9)(stat.)+/-7(syst.))x10(-6) and the decay B-->K(*+)(892)pi(-) with a branching fraction (16(+6)(-5)(stat.)+/-2(syst.))x10(-6).
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Affiliation(s)
- E Eckhart
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
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50
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Muramatsu H, Richichi SJ, Severini H, Skubic P, Dytman SA, Mueller JA, Nam S, Savinov V, Chen S, Hinson JW, Lee J, Miller DH, Pavlunin V, Shibata EI, Shipsey IPJ, Cronin-Hennessy D, Lyon AL, Park CS, Park W, Thorndike EH, Coan TE, Gao YS, Liu F, Maravin Y, Narsky I, Stroynowski R, Artuso M, Boulahouache C, Bukin K, Dambasuren E, Khroustalev K, Mountain R, Nandakumar R, Skwarnicki T, Stone S, Wang JC, Mahmood AH, Csorna SE, Danko I, Bonvicini G, Cinabro D, Dubrovin M, McGee S, Bornheim A, Lipeles E, Pappas SP, Shapiro A, Sun WM, Weinstein AJ, Asner DM, Mahapatra R, Nelson HN, Briere RA, Chen GP, Ferguson T, Tatishvili G, Vogel H, Adam NE, Alexander JP, Berkelman K, Blanc F, Boisvert V, Cassel DG, Drell PS, Duboscq JE, Ecklund KM, Ehrlich R, Gibbons L, Gittelman B, Gray SW, Hartill DL, Heltsley BK, Hsu L, Jones CD, Kandaswamy J, Kreinick DL, Magerkurth A, Mahlke-Krüger H, Meyer TO, Mistry NB, Nordberg E, Patterson JR, Peterson D, Pivarski J, Riley D, Sadoff AJ, Schwarthoff H, Shepherd MR, Thayer JG, Urner D, Valant-Spaight B, Viehhauser G, Warburton A, Weinberger M, Athar SB, Avery P, Breva-Newell L, Potlia V, Stoeck H, Yelton J, Brandenburg G, Kim DYJ, Wilson R, Benslama K, Eisenstein BI, Ernst J, Gollin GD, Hans RM, Karliner I, Lowrey N, Marsh MA, Plager C, Sedlack C, Selen M, Thaler JJ, Williams J, Edwards KW, Ammar R, Besson D, Zhao X, Anderson S, Frolov VV, Kubota Y, Lee SJ, Li SZ, Poling R, Smith A, Stepaniak CJ, Urheim J, Metreveli Z, Seth KK, Tomaradze A, Zweber P, Ahmed S, Alam MS, Jian L, Saleem M, Wappler F, Eckhart E, Gan KK, Gwon C, Hart T, Honscheid K, Hufnagel D, Kagan H, Kass R, Pedlar TK, Thayer JB, Von Toerne E, Wilksen T, Zoeller MM. Dalitz analysis of D0-->K(0)(S)pi(+)pi(-). Phys Rev Lett 2002; 89:251802. [PMID: 12484874 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.89.251802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2002] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
In e(+)e(-) collisions using the CLEO detector, we have studied the decay of the D0 to the final state K(0)(S)pi(+)pi(-) with the initial flavor of the D0 tagged by the decay D(*+)-->D0pi(+). We use the Dalitz technique to measure the resonant substructure in this final state and clearly observe ten different contributions by fitting for their amplitudes and relative phases. We observe a K(*)(892)(+)pi(-) component which arises from doubly Cabibbo suppressed decays or D0-D0; mixing.
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