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Norozipor S, Bamorovat M, Ayatollahi Mosavi SA, Salarkia E, Hadizadeh S, Sharifi F, Karamoozian A, Ranjbar M, Agha Kuchak Afshari S. Synergistic activity of crocin and crocin loaded in niosomes alone and in combination with fluconazole against Candida albicans isolates: In vitro and in silico study. J Mycol Med 2024; 34:101478. [PMID: 38582029 DOI: 10.1016/j.mycmed.2024.101478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Since the drug resistance in Candida species is becoming a serious clinical challenge, novel alternative therapeutic options, particularly herbal medicine, have attracted increasing interest. This study aimed to pinpoint the potential antifungal activity of crocin (Cro), the efficacy of the niosomal formulation of Cro (NCro), and the synergistic activity of both formulations in combination with fluconazole (FLC) against susceptible and resistant C. albicans isolates. MATERIAL AND METHODS NCro was formulated using the heating method. The in vitro antimycotic activity of Cro, NCro, and FLC was evaluated. Checkerboard and isobologram assays evaluated the interaction between both formulations of Cro and FLC. Necrotic and apoptotic effects of different agents were analyzed using the flow cytometry method. In silico study was performed to examine the interactions between Lanosterol 14 alpha-demethylase and Cro as a part of our screening compounds with antifungal properties. RESULTS NCro exhibited high entrapment efficiency up to 99.73 ± 0.54, and the mean size at 5.224 ± 0.618 µm (mean ± SD, n = 3). Both formulations of Cro were shown to display good anticandidal activity against isolates. The synergistic effect of the NCro in combination with FLC is comparable to Cro (P-value =0.03). Apoptotic indicators confirmed that tested compounds caused cell death in isolates. The docking study indicated that Cro has interactivity with the protein residue of 14α-demethylase. CONCLUSION The results showed a remarkable antifungal effect by NCro combined with FLC. Natural compounds, particularly nano-sized carrier systems, can act as an effective therapeutic option for further optimizing fungal infection treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Norozipor
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, Afzalipour Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mehdi Bamorovat
- Leishmaniasis Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | | | - Ehsan Salarkia
- Leishmaniasis Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Sanaz Hadizadeh
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, Afzalipour Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Sharifi
- Research Center of Tropical and Infectious Diseases, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Ali Karamoozian
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Faculty of Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mehdi Ranjbar
- Pharmaceutics Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Setareh Agha Kuchak Afshari
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, Afzalipour Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran; Medical Mycology and Bacteriology Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
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Bamorovat M, Sharifi I, Khosravi A, Aflatoonian MR, Agha Kuchak Afshari S, Salarkia E, Sharifi F, Aflatoonian B, Gharachorloo F, Khamesipour A, Mohebali M, Zamani O, Shirzadi MR, Gouya MM. Global Dilemma and Needs Assessment Toward Achieving Sustainable Development Goals in Controlling Leishmaniasis. J Epidemiol Glob Health 2024; 14:22-34. [PMID: 38466368 PMCID: PMC11043315 DOI: 10.1007/s44197-024-00190-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Leishmaniasis is a disease of poverty that imposes a devastating medical, social, and economic burden on over 1 billion people nationwide. To date, no in-depth study to analyze the major global challenges and needs assessment has been carried out. This investigation aimed to explore a comprehensive narrative review of leishmaniasis's main challenges and initially highlight obstacles that might impede the implementation of control measures. Also, we propose a specific list of priorities for needs assessment. The presence of socioeconomic factors, multiple clinical and epidemiological forms, various Leishmania species, the complexity of the life cycle, the absence of effective drugs and vaccines, and the lack of efficient vector and reservoir control make this organism unique and sophisticated in playing a tangled role to react tricky with its surrounding environments, despite extensive efforts and implementation of all-inclusive former control measures. These facts indicate that the previous strategic plans, financial support, and basic infrastructures connected to leishmaniasis surveillance are still insufficient. Strengthening the leishmaniasis framework in a context of accelerated programmatic action and intensification of cross-cutting activities along with other neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) is confidently expected to result in greater effectiveness, cost-benefit, and fruitful management. Sensitive diagnostics, effective therapeutics, and efficacious vaccines are vital to accelerating advancement toward elimination, and reducing morbidity/mortality and program costs. Collective actions devoted by all sectors and policy-makers can hopefully overcome technical and operational barriers to guarantee that effective and coordinated implementation plans are sustained to meet the road map for NTDs 2021- 2030 goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Bamorovat
- Leishmaniasis Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Iraj Sharifi
- Leishmaniasis Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
| | - Ahmad Khosravi
- Leishmaniasis Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | | | | | - Ehsan Salarkia
- Leishmaniasis Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Sharifi
- Research Center of Tropical and Infectious Diseases, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Behnaz Aflatoonian
- Research Center of Tropical and Infectious Diseases, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Faranak Gharachorloo
- Center for Communicable Diseases Control, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Khamesipour
- Center for Research and Training in Skin Diseases and Leprosy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Mohebali
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Omid Zamani
- Universal Health Coverage for Communicable Diseases (UHC: CD), World Health Organization, Country Office, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Shirzadi
- Center for Communicable Diseases Control, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mahdi Gouya
- Center for Communicable Diseases Control, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
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Bamorovat M, Sharifi I, Shafiei Bafti M, Agha Kuchak Afshari S, Aflatoonian MR, Karamoozian A, Jafarzadeh A, Amirzadeh R, Khosravi A, Babaei Z, Safa F, Sharifi F, Heshmatkhah A. Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Hampers COVID-19: A Controlled Cross-Sectional Study in High-Burden Endemic Areas of Iran. J Epidemiol Glob Health 2024; 14:142-153. [PMID: 38190050 PMCID: PMC11043327 DOI: 10.1007/s44197-023-00179-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Emerging infectious diseases such as SARS-CoV-2 can cause pandemics and create a critical risk for humans. In a previous pilot study, we reported that the immunological responses induced by cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) could decrease the incidence and severity of COVID-19. In this large-scale case-control study, we assessed the possible relationship between mortality and morbidity of COVID-19 in healed CL persons suffering scars compared to cases without CL history. METHODS This controlled cross-sectional study was conducted between July 2020 and December 2022 in the endemic and high-burden areas of CL in southeastern Iran. In the study, 1400 previous CL cases with scars and 1,521,329 subjects who had no previous CL were analyzed. We used R 4.0.2 to analyze the data. Firth's bias reduction approach corresponding to the penalization of likelihood logistic regression by Jeffreys was also employed to influence the variables in the dataset. Also, a Bayesian ordinal logistic regression model was performed to explore the COVID-19 severity in both case and referent groups. RESULTS The occurrence and severity rate of COVID-19 in CL scar cases are significantly less than in the non-CL control group, while in the CL scar subjects, patients with critical conditions and mortality were not observed. The morbidity (OR = 0.11, CI 0.06-0.20 and P < 0.001) and severity of COVID-19 in previous cases with CL scars were significantly diminished than that in the control group (credible interval - 2.57, - 1.62). CONCLUSIONS The results represented a durable negative relationship between cured CL and COVID-19 incidence and severity. Additional studies seem necessary and should be designed to further validate the true impact and underlying mechanistic action of CL on COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Bamorovat
- Leishmaniasis Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
| | - Iraj Sharifi
- Leishmaniasis Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
| | - Mehdi Shafiei Bafti
- Institute for Studies in Medicine History, Persian and Complementary Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Deputy for Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | | | | | - Ali Karamoozian
- Research Center for Modeling in Health, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Abdollah Jafarzadeh
- Department of Immunology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Raheleh Amirzadeh
- Research Center for Social Determinants of Health, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Ahmad Khosravi
- Leishmaniasis Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Zahra Babaei
- Leishmaniasis Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Farzane Safa
- Deputy for Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Sharifi
- Research Center for Tropical and Infectious Diseases, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Amireh Heshmatkhah
- Dadbin Health Clinic, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
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Bamorovat M, Sharifi I, Aflatoonian MR, Salarkia E, Agha Kuchak Afshari S, Pourkhosravani M, Karamoozian A, Khosravi A, Aflatoonian B, Sharifi F, Divsalar H, Amiri B, Shirzadi MR. A prospective longitudinal study on the elimination trend of rural cutaneous leishmaniasis in southeastern Iran: Climate change, population displacement, and agricultural transition from 1991 to 2021. Sci Total Environ 2024; 913:169684. [PMID: 38160824 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Leishmaniasis is a complex disease. Any change in weather conditions affects the humans' social and agricultural expansion and, consequently, the parasite's life cycle in terms of ecology, biodiversity, social stigma, and exclusion. This population-based prospective longitudinal investigation was conducted between 1991 and 2021 in a well-defined CL (cutaneous leishmaniasis) focus in Bam County, southeastern Iran. A robust health clinic and health surveillance system were responsible for the ongoing systematic documentation, detection, identification, and management of CL cases. The exponential smoothing method via the state space model was used in the univariate time series. The TTR, smooth, and forecast packages were used in R software. Landsat satellite images from 1991, 2001, 2011, and 2021 were employed in the physical development. During this period, the temperature increased while the rainfall and humidity decreased. The findings showed a downward trend in the standardized drought index. Also, the results showed that climate warming and ecological changes profoundly affected the area's agricultural patterns and topographical features. Furthermore, the last three decades witnessed an elimination trend for zoonotic CL (ZCL) and the predominance of anthroponotic CL (ACL). The present findings showed that the critical factors in the predominance of ACL and elimination of ZCL were rising temperature, drought, migration, unplanned urbanization, earthquake, and agrarian reform. The wall-enclosed palm tree gardens excluded the primary ZCL reservoir host. They controlled the disease while providing suitable conditions for the emergence/re-emergence of ACL in the newly established settlements and the unplanned ecozone. Therefore, robust health infrastructures, sustained financial support, and evidence-based research studies are crucial to facilitating the necessary surveillance, monitoring, and evaluation to control and eliminate the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Bamorovat
- Leishmaniasis Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Iraj Sharifi
- Leishmaniasis Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
| | | | - Ehsan Salarkia
- Leishmaniasis Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | | | | | - Ali Karamoozian
- Research Center for Modeling in Health, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Ahmad Khosravi
- Leishmaniasis Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Behnaz Aflatoonian
- Research Center of Tropical and Infectious Diseases, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Sharifi
- Research Center of Tropical and Infectious Diseases, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Hassan Divsalar
- Leishmaniasis Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Behzad Amiri
- Center for Communicable Diseases Control, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Shirzadi
- Center for Communicable Diseases Control, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
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Derakhshani A, Sharifi I, Salarkia E, Keyhani A, Agha Kuchak Afshari S, Iranmanesh B, Lashkarizadeh M, Nejad Biglari H, Lari Najafi M, Bamorovat M. Antileishmanial potentials of azacitidine and along with meglumine antimoniate on Leishmania major: In silico prediction and in vitro analysis. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0291321. [PMID: 37682979 PMCID: PMC10490874 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0291321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the in vitro and in silico antileishmanial activity of azacitidine (AZA) on Leishmania major promastigotes and amastigotes. The in silico method was used to evaluate the possibility of the interaction of AZA into the binding pocket of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), a leading defensive oxidative metabolite. Following that, in vitro anti-promastigote, and anti-amastigote activity of AZA was determined using an MTT assay and a macrophage model, respectively. Cytotoxic effects of AZA and meglumine antimoniate (MA) were also assessed by MTT assay on murine macrophages. All experiments were performed in triplicate. The results showed that AZA interacted with Ser133, Gln134, and Lys13 amino acids of iNOS, and the molecular docking score was obtained at -241.053 kcal/mol. AZA in combination with MA significantly (P<0.001) inhibited the growth rate of nonclinical promastigote (IC50 247.6±7.3 μM) and 8.5-fold higher of clinical intramacrophage amastigote stage (29.8±5.3 μM), compared to the untreated group. A significant upsurge of Th1 subsets and transcription genes and a meaningful decline in Th2 cytokines subclasses at the equivalent concentrations of AZA and MA was observed (P<0.001). The apoptosis effect of AZA along with MA was significantly induced on L. major in a dose-dependent manner (P<0.001). The present study demonstrated that AZA possesses antileishmanial activity in in vitro and in silico models. However, AZA combined with MA was more effective than AZA alone in inhibiting the growth rate of promastigotes and amastigotes of L. major. This study indicates that AZA in combination with MA demonstrated a potent antileishmanial mechanism, promoting immune response and enhancing an immunomodulatory role toward the Th1 pathway. This experimental study is a basic study for applying more knowledge about the mechanisms of AZA along with MA in animal models in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Derakhshani
- Research Center for Hydatid Disease in Iran, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Iraj Sharifi
- Leishmaniasis Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Ehsan Salarkia
- Leishmaniasis Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Alireza Keyhani
- Leishmaniasis Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | | | - Behzad Iranmanesh
- Department of Dermatology, Afzalipour Hospital, Afzalipour Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mahdieh Lashkarizadeh
- Department of Pathology and Stem Cell Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Hamid Nejad Biglari
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Moslem Lari Najafi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences and Cosmetic Products Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mehdi Bamorovat
- Leishmaniasis Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
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Hajhosseini M, Sharifi I, Bamorovat M, Karamoozian A, Amanizadeh A, Agha Kuchak Afshari S. Monitoring of airborne fungi during the second wave of COVID-19 in selected wards of the referral university hospital in southeastern Iran. Environ Monit Assess 2023; 195:1132. [PMID: 37653110 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-11791-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Microbiological monitoring of the air hospital is essential for prevention and control, due to the possible airborne route of infection transmission, especially in high-risk wards. This study aimed to monitor the airborne fungi during the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in selected wards of the biggest university educational hospital in Kerman, southeastern Iran. This study was conducted in 11 different wards, separated into the patient room and nursing station, of the Afzalipour hospital from May to August 2021. Fungal isolates were characterized to the species level by conventional and sequencing methods. Out of 93 obtained fungal colonies, 70 (75.3%) isolates were filamentous and 23 (24.7%) isolates were yeast. Aspergillus species were the predominant fungal isolates among the filamentous colonies (n=19; 27.1%), and Naganishia albida (formerly Cryptococcus albidus) was identified as the most common yeast isolate (n=13/23; 56.8%). The infectious ward was the most contaminated unit (n=19/93), while the least contaminated units were the neonatal intensive care unit (n=3/93), and oncology (n=3/93). The statistical findings displayed that the number of fungal isolates in patients' rooms is significantly higher than in nurses' stations (p-value=0.013). Our study demonstrated the presence of diverse fungal species in all wards of the hospital. Considering the presence of airborne fungi in hospitals and related public health problems is one of the critical issues for health systems management. In this regard, efficient monitoring of airborne fungi might play an influential role in hospital infection control and surveillance, particularly in high-risk hospitalization patients in critical wards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Hajhosseini
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Environmental Science and Technology Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Medical Mycology and Bacteriology Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Iraj Sharifi
- Leishmaniasis Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mehdi Bamorovat
- Leishmaniasis Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Ali Karamoozian
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Faculty of Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Azam Amanizadeh
- Medical Mycology and Bacteriology Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, Afzalipour Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Setareh Agha Kuchak Afshari
- Medical Mycology and Bacteriology Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, Afzalipour Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
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Sharifi I, Khosravi A, Aflatoonian MR, Salarkia E, Bamorovat M, Karamoozian A, Moghadam MN, Sharifi F, Afshar AA, Afshari SAK, Gharachorloo F, Shirzadi MR, Amiri B, Zainali M, Doosti S, Zamani O, Gouya MM. Cutaneous leishmaniasis situation analysis in the Islamic Republic of Iran in preparation for an elimination plan. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1091709. [PMID: 37188278 PMCID: PMC10176454 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1091709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Iran has invariably been under the growing public health threat of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL), a significant barrier to local development that hinders the prevention and control efforts toward eliminating the disease. So far, no comprehensive and in-depth epidemiological analysis of the CL situation has been carried out nationwide. This study aimed to employ advanced statistical models to analyze the data collected through the Center for Diseases Control and Prevention of Communicable Diseases during 1989-2020. However, we emphasized the current trends, 2013-2020, to study temporal and spatial CL patterns. In the country, the epidemiology of CL is incredibly intricate due to various factors. This fact indicates that the basic infrastructure, the preceding supports, and the implementation plan related to preventive and therapeutic measures need crucial support. The leishmaniasis situation analysis is consistent with desperate requirements for efficient information on the control program in the area. This review provides evidence of temporally regressive and spatially expanding incidence of CL with characteristic geographical patterns and disease hotspots, signifying an urgent need for comprehensive control strategies. This information could be a suitable model and practical experience in the Eastern Mediterranean Region, where over 80% of CL is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iraj Sharifi
- Leishmaniasis Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Ahmad Khosravi
- Leishmaniasis Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | | | - Ehsan Salarkia
- Leishmaniasis Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mehdi Bamorovat
- Leishmaniasis Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Ali Karamoozian
- Research Center for Modeling in Health, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Nekoei Moghadam
- Research Center for Health Services Management, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Sharifi
- Research Center of Tropical and Infectious Diseases, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Abbas Aghaei Afshar
- Research Center of Tropical and Infectious Diseases, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | | | - Faranak Gharachorloo
- Center for Communicable Diseases Control, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Shirzadi
- Center for Communicable Diseases Control, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
| | - Behzad Amiri
- Center for Communicable Diseases Control, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Zainali
- Center for Communicable Diseases Control, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Doosti
- Center for Communicable Diseases Control, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
| | - Omid Zamani
- Universal Health Coverage for Communicable Diseases (UHC: CD), World Health Organization, Country Office, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mahdi Gouya
- Center for Communicable Diseases Control, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
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Bamorovat M, Sharifi I, Agha Kuchak Afshari S, Karamoozian A, Tahmouresi A, Heshmatkhah A, Salarkia E, Khosravi A, Hakimi Parizi M, Barghi M. Poor adherence is a major barrier to the proper treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis: A case-control field assessment in Iran. Int J Parasitol Drugs Drug Resist 2022; 21:21-27. [PMID: 36525935 PMCID: PMC9791244 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpddr.2022.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Leishmaniasis is an overlooked, poverty-stricken, and complex disease with growing social and public health problems. In general, leishmaniasis is a curable disease; however, there is an expansion of unresponsive cases to treatment in cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL). One of the effective and ignored determinants in the treatment outcome of CL is poor treatment adherence (PTA). PTA is an overlooked and widespread phenomenon to proper Leishmania treatment. This study aimed to explore the effect of poor adherence in unresponsiveness to treatment in patients with anthroponotic CL (ACL) by comparing conventional statistical modalities and machine learning analyses in Iran. Overall, 190 cases consisting of 50 unresponsive patients (case group), and 140 responsive patients (control group) with ACL were randomly selected. The data collecting form that included 25 queries (Q) was recorded for each case and analyzed by R software and genetic algorithm (GA) approaches. Complex treatment regimens (Q11), cultural and lay views about the disease and therapy (Q8), life stress, hopelessness and negative feelings (Q22), adverse effects of treatment (Q13), and long duration of the lesion (Q12) were the most prevalent significant variables that inhibited effective treatment adherence by the two methods, in decreasing order of significance. In the inherent algorithm approach, similar to the statistical approach, the most significant feature was complex treatment regimens (Q11). Providing essential knowledge about ACL and treatment of patients with chronic diseases and patients with misconceptions about chemical drugs are important issues directly related to the disease's unresponsiveness. Furthermore, early detection of patients to prevent the long duration of the disease and the process of treatment, efforts to minimize side effects of treatment, induction of positive thinking, and giving hope to patients with stress and anxiety by medical staff, and family can help patients adhere to the treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Bamorovat
- Leishmaniasis Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran,Corresponding author. Leishmaniasis Research Center, 22 Bahman Boulevard, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
| | - Iraj Sharifi
- Leishmaniasis Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran,Corresponding author. Leishmaniasis Research Center, 22 Bahman Boulevard, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
| | | | - Ali Karamoozian
- Research Center for Modeling in Health, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | | | - Amireh Heshmatkhah
- Dadbin Health Clinic, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Ehsan Salarkia
- Leishmaniasis Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Ahmad Khosravi
- Leishmaniasis Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Maryam Hakimi Parizi
- Leishmaniasis Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Maryam Barghi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
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Khaksar Baniasadi A, Ayatollahi Mosavi SA, Sharifi I, Bamorovat M, Salari S, Ahmadi A, Amanizadeh A, Agha Kuchak Afshari S. Vulvovaginal candidiasis in Iranian women: Molecular identification and antifungal susceptibility pattern. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2022; 48:3292-3303. [PMID: 36184563 DOI: 10.1111/jog.15442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC), is a common fungal infection that remains a global concern. The objectives of this study were molecular identification and assessment of the antifungal susceptibility profile of Candida species, causing VVC in southeast Iran. METHODS A cross-sectional investigation was carried out on 119 nonpregnant females suspected of VVC between February 2019 and May 2021. Yeast samples were characterized to the species level by conventional and molecular methods. All Candida isolates were examined for in vitro susceptibility profile to six conventional antifungal drugs using Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines. RESULTS Out of 119 subjects, 52 (43.7%) cases were affected by VVC, out of whom 11 (21.15%) cases had recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis (RVVC). The species distribution was as follows; Candida albicans (n = 21; 40.4%), C. glabrata (n = 11; 21.2%), C. tropicalis (n = 9; 17.3%), C. parapsilosis (n = 5; 9.7%), C. africana (n = 3; 5.7%), C. famata (n = 1; 1.9%), C. lusitaniae (n = 1; 1.9%), and C. dubliniensis (n = 1; 1.9%). The resistance rate of Candida isolates to fluconazole, itraconazole, and voriconazole were 15.38%, 11.5%, and 3.8%, respectively. Resistance to fluconazole was obtained in 46% (5/11) of RVVC cases but only in 7% (3/41) of VVC cases. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that the majority of VVC cases were caused by non-albicans Candida species which also were resistant to some antifungal agents. Hence, our findings revealed the importance of conducting periodical epidemiological studies to determine changes in species distribution. Moreover, for effective management of treatment and infection, it is imperative to evaluate the susceptibility profiles of Candida species isolated from VVC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Khaksar Baniasadi
- Student Research Committee, Afzalipour Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.,Medical Mycology and Bacteriology Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Seyyed Amin Ayatollahi Mosavi
- Medical Mycology and Bacteriology Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.,Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, Afzalipour Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Iraj Sharifi
- Leishmaniasis Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mehdi Bamorovat
- Leishmaniasis Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Samira Salari
- Medical Mycology and Bacteriology Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.,Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, Afzalipour Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Atefeh Ahmadi
- Nursing Research Center, Department of Counseling in Midwifery, Razi Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Azam Amanizadeh
- Medical Mycology and Bacteriology Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.,Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, Afzalipour Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Setareh Agha Kuchak Afshari
- Medical Mycology and Bacteriology Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.,Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, Afzalipour Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
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10
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Bakhshi M, Salari S, Almani PGN, Afshari SAK. Evaluation of the antifungal activity of Lactobacillus reuteri against Candida species. Gene Reports 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2021.101369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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11
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Ghaioumy R, Tabatabaeifar F, Mozafarinia K, Mianroodi AA, Isaei E, Morones-Ramírez JR, Afshari SAK, Kalantar-Neyestanaki D. Biofilm formation and molecular analysis of intercellular adhesion gene cluster (icaABCD) among Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from children with adenoiditis. Iran J Microbiol 2021; 13:458-463. [PMID: 34557273 PMCID: PMC8421587 DOI: 10.18502/ijm.v13i4.6969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: It is well known that Staphylococcus aureus biofilm plays an important role in adenoiditis and biofilm resistance frequently results in failure of therapy. The goal of this study was to evaluate the biofilm production of S. aureus isolates obtained from adenoid specimens and assess the relationship between biofilm formation ability and ica operon genes. Materials and Methods: A total of 112 adenoid samples were obtained from patients under 15 years old with adenoid hypertrophy. All S. aureus isolates were initially identified by standard microbiological tests and amplification of nuc by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique. Biofilm formation of S. aureus isolates was evaluated and icaADBC genes were detected by PCR technique. Results: There were 46 isolates (41%) identified as S. aureus. The ability to produce biofilm was detected among total S. aureus isolates. Molecular study of ica operon revealed that 2 (6.3%) and 19 (59.4%) isolates carried icaA and icaD, respectively. The prevalence of icaA + icaD was seen among 11 (34.4%) S. aureus isolates, while icaC and icaB were not detected. Conclusion: Our findings indicated that icaABCD operon are associated with biofilm formation in S. aureus isolates, however the absence of these genes may not necessarily exclude this property.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasoul Ghaioumy
- Pharmaceutics Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.,Clinical Research Development Unit, Shafa Hospital, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Fatemehalsadat Tabatabaeifar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, UANL, San Nicolás de los Garza, Mexico.,Centro de Investigaciónen Biotecnología y Nanotecnología, Facultad de CienciasQuímicas, Parque de Investigación e Innovación Tecnológica, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Apodaca, Mexico
| | - Karamat Mozafarinia
- Clinical Research Development Unit, Shafa Hospital, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Aliasghar Arabi Mianroodi
- Clinical Research Development Unit, Shafa Hospital, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Elham Isaei
- Student Research Committee, Afzalipour School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - José Rubén Morones-Ramírez
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, UANL, San Nicolás de los Garza, Mexico.,Centro de Investigaciónen Biotecnología y Nanotecnología, Facultad de CienciasQuímicas, Parque de Investigación e Innovación Tecnológica, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Apodaca, Mexico
| | - Setareh Agha Kuchak Afshari
- Medical Mycology and Bacteriology Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.,Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, Afzalipour School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Davood Kalantar-Neyestanaki
- Medical Mycology and Bacteriology Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.,Department of Medical Microbiology (Bacteriology & Virology), Afzalipour School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
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12
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Safaei P, Rezaie S, Alimohammadi M, Agha Kuchak Afshari S, Mehdizadeh M, Molaee Aghaee E. Qualitative PCR-based detection of genetically modified soy and maize products in Iran. International Journal of Food Properties 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/10942912.2020.1734613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Payam Safaei
- Department of Environmental Health, Food Safety Division, Faculty of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Student’s Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sassan Rezaie
- Department of Medical Mycology and Parasitology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmood Alimohammadi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Setareh Agha Kuchak Afshari
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | | | - Ebrahim Molaee Aghaee
- Department of Environmental Health, Food Safety Division, Faculty of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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13
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Bandalizadeh Z, Shokohi T, Badali H, Abastabar M, Babamahmoudi F, Davoodi L, Mardani M, Javanian M, Cheraghmakani H, Sepidgar AA, Badiee P, Khodavaisy S, Afshari SAK, Ahmadikia K, Seyedmousavi S. Molecular epidemiology and antifungal susceptibility profiles of clinical Cryptococcus neoformans/Cryptococcus gattii species complex. J Med Microbiol 2020; 69:72-81. [PMID: 31750814 PMCID: PMC7137767 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.001101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction. Limited data regarding the epidemiology and susceptibility profiles of cryptococcosis are available in the Middle East.Aim. Our study aimed to evaluate the molecular diversity, mating types and antifungal susceptibility pattern of Cryptococcus species (n=14) isolated from 320 suspected patients with cryptococcosis.Methodology. The URA5 gene was subjected to restriction fragment length polymorphism and sequence analysis. In addition, in vitro antifungal susceptibility testing was performed by Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) M27-A4 and M59 guidelines.Results. Overall, 14 (4.4 %) patients were confirmed as cryptococcosis. Based on molecular type, 85.7 and 14.3 % of the isolates were C. neoformans VN I and VN II, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis of URA5 gene sequences revealed clustering of VN I and VN II isolates into two distinct clades with a substantial difference within each molecular type. Voriconazole and 5-fluorocytosine, respectively, had the lowest (0.031 μg ml-1) and highest (8 µg ml-1) MICs. The epidemiological cutoff values (ECVs) for amphotericin B, fluconazole, voriconazole and 5-fluorocytosine encompassed ≥97 % of all 14 C. neoformans VN I species. However, according to the CLSI document M59, ECVs for itraconazole (7; 50 % of the isolates) and for posaconazole (1; 7.1 % of the isolate), were one log2 dilution higher than the wild type range. Combinations of amphotericin B with 5-fluorocytosine, amphotericin B with fluconazole and fluconazole with 5-fluorocytosine exhibited synergistic effects against 37, 31 and 12.5 % of the isolates, respectively.Conclusion. Our findings may significantly contribute to the development of management strategies for patients at a higher risk of cryptococcosis, particularly HIV-positive individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zainab Bandalizadeh
- Student Research Committee, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Tahereh Shokohi
- Department of Medical Mycology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
- Invasive Fungi Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
- *Correspondence: Tahereh Shokohi,
| | - Hamid Badali
- Department of Medical Mycology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
- Invasive Fungi Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Mahdi Abastabar
- Department of Medical Mycology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
- Invasive Fungi Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Farhang Babamahmoudi
- Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Lotfolah Davoodi
- Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Masoud Mardani
- Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mostafa Javanian
- Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Center, Health Research Institue, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Hamed Cheraghmakani
- Department of Neurology, Bu-Ali Hospital, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Ali Asghar Sepidgar
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Parisa Badiee
- Alborzi Clinical Microbiology Research Center, Shiraz university of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Sadegh Khodavaisy
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Setareh Agha Kuchak Afshari
- Department of Medical Mycology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Kazem Ahmadikia
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyedmojtaba Seyedmousavi
- Invasive Fungi Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
- Center of Expertise in Microbiology, Infection Biology, and Antimicrobial Pharmacology, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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14
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Safaei P, Aghaee EM, Khaniki GJ, Afshari SAK, Rezaie S. A simple and accurate PCR method for detection of genetically modified rice. J Environ Health Sci Eng 2019; 17:847-851. [PMID: 32030158 PMCID: PMC6985394 DOI: 10.1007/s40201-019-00401-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Legislation regulating for labeling and use of genetically modified (GM) crops are increased considerably worldwide in order to health and safety assurance of consumers. For this purpose, a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method has been developed for detection of GM rice in people's food diet. METHODS In this study, eighty-one non-labeled rice samples were collected randomly from different market sites of Tehran, Iran. In order to analysis, rice genomic DNA was extracted using MBST DNA extraction kit and subsequently, sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) gene was used to confirm the quality of extracted DNA. Then, cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) 35S promoter and Agrobacterium nopaline synthase (NOS) terminator were selected as screening targets for detection of GM rice sequences by PCR. RESULTS According to our results, 2 out of 81 (2.4%) samples tested were positive for CaMV 35S promoter while no positive result was detected for NOS terminator. CONCLUSION The obtained data indicated that this method is capable to identify the GM rice varieties. Furthermore, it can demonstrate the possibility of the presence of GM rice in Tehran's market, thus putting emphasis on the requirement for developing a precise approach to evaluate this product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Payam Safaei
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Student’s Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Molaee Aghaee
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Jahed Khaniki
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Setareh Agha Kuchak Afshari
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Sassan Rezaie
- Department of Medical Mycology and Parasitology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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15
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Aghaei Gharehbolagh S, Mahmoudi S, Asgari Y, Rahimi H, Agha Kuchak Afshari S, Noorbakhsh F, Rezaie S. Thioredoxin is a potential pathogenesis attribute of Malassezia globosa and Malassezia sympodialis in pityriasis versicolor. Gene Reports 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2019.100468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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16
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Aghaei Gharehbolagh S, Kordbacheh P, Hashemi SJ, Daie Ghazvini R, Asgari Y, Agha Kuchak Afshari S, Seyedmousavi S, Rezaie S. MGL_3741 gene contributes to pathogenicity of Malassezia globosa in pityriasis versicolor. Mycoses 2018; 61:938-944. [PMID: 30106184 DOI: 10.1111/myc.12840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2018] [Revised: 07/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Dihydroxyacid dehydratase (DHAD) is a key enzyme in biosynthetic pathway of isoleucine and valine. This pathway is absent in human but exists in various organisms such as fungi. Using RNA-seq analysis in this study, we identified MGL_3741gene which encodes DHAD protein in Malassezia globosa (M. globosa). Furthermore, we found that mentioned gene is homologous to the Ustilago maydis, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Aspergillus flavus, and Aspergillus fumigatus ILV3P. For understanding the probable role of this gene in pathogenicity of M. globosa, we applied Real-time PCR to investigate the differentially expressed of the MGL_3741 gene in healthy and pathogenic states. Our results indicate a significant difference between two mentioned stats. These results revealed that ILV3-like gene in M. globosa can be related to the pathogenicity of this yeast.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanaz Aghaei Gharehbolagh
- Department of Medical Mycology & Parasitology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parivash Kordbacheh
- Department of Medical Mycology & Parasitology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Jamal Hashemi
- Department of Medical Mycology & Parasitology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Food Microbiology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Roshanak Daie Ghazvini
- Department of Medical Mycology & Parasitology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yazdan Asgari
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Setareh Agha Kuchak Afshari
- Department of Medical Mycology & Parasitology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyedmojtaba Seyedmousavi
- Invasive Fungi Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.,Center of Expertise in Microbiology, Infection Biology and Antimicrobial Pharmacology, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Medical Microbiology, Center of Expertise in Mycology Radboudumc/CWZ, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Sassan Rezaie
- Department of Medical Mycology & Parasitology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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17
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Badali H, Rezaie S, Meis JF, Agha Kuchak Afshari S, Modiri M, Hagen F, Moazeni M, Mohammadi R, Khodavaisy S. Microsatellite genotyping of clinical Candida parapsilosis isolates. Curr Med Mycol 2017; 3:15-20. [PMID: 29707674 PMCID: PMC5917096 DOI: 10.29252/cmm.3.4.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Purpose: Candida parapsilosis is a predominant species found in nosocomial infection, particularly in hospitalized patients. The molecular epidemiology of the clinical strains of this species has not been well studied. The present study was performed with the aim of investigating the microsatellite genotyping of Candida parapsilosis among the Iranian clinical isolates. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted on 81 independent clinical C. parapsilosis isolates that were genotyped by using a panel of six microsatellite markers. Results: The short tandem repeat (STR) typing of clinical C. parapsilosis isolates demonstrated 68 separate genotypes, among which 57 genotypes were observed once and the remaining 11 cases were identified for multiple times. The Simpson’s diversity index for the panel of combined six markers yielded a diversity index of 0.9951. The heterogeneity was observed among the Iranian and the Netherlands clinical C. parapsilosis isolates. Conclusion: As the findings indicated, the clinical C. parapsilosis isolates from Iran showed a high genetic diversity. It can be concluded that molecular epidemiology could be useful for screening during outbreak investigation where C. parapsilosis is involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Badali
- Department of Medical Mycology/Invasive Fungi Research Center (IFRC), School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Sassan Rezaie
- Department of Medical Mycology and Parasitology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jacques F Meis
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Canisius-Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen, Netherlands.,Centre of Expertise in Mycology Radboudumc/CWZ, Department of Medical Microbiology Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | | | - Mona Modiri
- Department of Medical Mycology and Parasitology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ferry Hagen
- Centre of Expertise in Mycology Radboudumc/CWZ, Department of Medical Microbiology Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Maryam Moazeni
- Department of Medical Mycology/Invasive Fungi Research Center (IFRC), School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Rasoul Mohammadi
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine/Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Sadegh Khodavaisy
- Department of Medical Mycology and Parasitology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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