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Zhang Y, Cheng Y, Li N, Hou Y, Jiao L, Yuan Y, Wang L, Huang Z, Wu L, Han F, Wang Y, Zhan S. Niemann-Pick Type C with Sleep Disorders: Central Sleep Apnea and cataplexy. Sleep Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2022.05.463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Liu L, Han M, Qie R, Li Q, Zhang X, Zhang J, Zhan S, Zhang L, Xu Z, Zhang C, Hong F. A dose-response meta-analysis to evaluate the relationship between high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality. J Endocrinol Invest 2022; 45:551-562. [PMID: 34676492 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-021-01690-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Previous studies have not fully described the relationship between high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and death risks from all cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study quantitatively evaluates HDL-C-mortality associations. METHODS Embase and PubMed databases were searched for relevant articles published up to 1 June 2019. Random-effects models were used to pool relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). We used restricted cubic splines to model the dose-response association. RESULTS We identified 32 prospective cohort studies including 369,904 participants and 33,473 total deaths (9426 CVD deaths). Compared to the lowest HDL-C levels, all cause and CVD mortality risks were reduced by 18% (RR 0.82; 95% CI, 0.73-0.93) and 36% (0.64, 0.46-0.89), respectively, for the highest HDL-C levels. All cause and CVD mortality risks were reduced by 15% (0.85, 0.79-0.92) and 23% (0.77, 0.69-0.87), respectively, with each 1 mmol/L increment of HDL-C. We found evidence of nonlinear and negative dose-response associations of HDL-C with all cause and CVD mortality (Pnonlinearity < 0.001), and the lowest death risks from all cause and CVD were observed at approximately 1.34 and 1.55 mmol/L, respectively. CONCLUSION HDL-C is inversely associated with all cause and CVD mortality risks under approximately 2.05 and 2.33 mmol/L, respectively. Optimal doses require investigation via clinical practice or high-quality research.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Liu
- School of Public Health, the Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Dongqing Road, Guian New Area, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - M Han
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, People's Republic of China
| | - R Qie
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, People's Republic of China
| | - Q Li
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, People's Republic of China
| | - X Zhang
- School of Public Health, the Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Dongqing Road, Guian New Area, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, People's Republic of China
- Center for Diseases Control and Prevention of Yunyan District, Guiyang, 550004, People's Republic of China
| | - J Zhang
- School of Public Health, the Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Dongqing Road, Guian New Area, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, People's Republic of China
- Guiyang Center for Diseases Control and Prevention, Guiyang, 550001, People's Republic of China
| | - S Zhan
- School of Public Health, the Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Dongqing Road, Guian New Area, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, People's Republic of China
- Guizhou Provincial Hospital of Maternal and Child Health Care, Guiyang, 550004, People's Republic of China
| | - L Zhang
- School of Public Health, the Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Dongqing Road, Guian New Area, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Z Xu
- School of Public Health, the Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Dongqing Road, Guian New Area, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - C Zhang
- School of Public Health, the Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Dongqing Road, Guian New Area, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - F Hong
- School of Public Health, the Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Dongqing Road, Guian New Area, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, People's Republic of China.
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Zhai Y, Wang H, Zhan S, Wu H. [Efficacy of intravenous thrombolysis for acute severe cerebral infarction and risk factors of poor prognosis: a randomized controlled trial in 152 cases]. Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao 2021; 41:1426-1430. [PMID: 34658360 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2021.09.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of intravenous thrombolysis in patients with acute severe cerebral infarction and analyze the risk factors of poor prognosis after thrombolysis. METHODS This randomized controlled trial was conducted among 152 patients with acute severe cerebral infarction, with the onset time all within 4.5 h. The patients were randomized into control group (76 cases) and observation group (76 cases) and received treatment with routine therapy (antiplatelet aggregation, statins, neuroprotection and drugs that stimulate blood flow) and intravenous thrombolytic therapy with alteplase in addition to the routine therapy, respectively. The NIHSS scores were recorded at 24 h, 1 week and 1 month after the treatment. The mRS scores at 3 months and the incidence of symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage at one week after the treatment were compared between the two groups. According to mRS scores at 3 months, the patients in the observation group were divided into good prognosis group (30 patients) and poor prognosis group (46 patients), and the risk factors for poor prognosis were analyzed using univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analysis. RESULTS At 24 h, 1 week and 1 month after the treatment, the reduction of NIHSS scores was more significant in the observation group than in the control group (F=24.684, P < 0.001). At 3 months after the treatment, the mRS scores were significantly lower (t=4.396, P < 0.001) and the good prognosis rate was significantly higher (χ2=13.636, P < 0.001) in the observation group than those of the control group. Symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage occurred in 4 cases in the observation group and in 2 cases in the control group within 1 week after the treatment (χ2=0.694, P=0.405). The time from onset to thrombolysis (OR=0.173, P=0.035), prethrombolytic systolic pressure (OR=0.869, P=0.019) and baseline NIHSS score (OR=0.466, P=0.011) were identified as independent risk factors for poor prognosis after intravenous thrombolysis. CONCLUSION Intravenous thrombolysis is effective and safe for patients with acute severe cerebral infarction, and the time from onset to thrombolysis, prethrombolytic systolic pressure and baseline NIHSS score are independent risk factors for a poor prognosis after intravenous thrombolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Zhai
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital of Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China
| | - H Wang
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China
| | - S Zhan
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China
| | - H Wu
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China
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Sun Y, Gao L, Xia H, Yang Z, Deng S, Yang J, Zhao Y, Wang L, Feng J, Huang F, Huan S, Zhan S. Accuracy of molecular diagnostic tests for drug-resistant tuberculosis detection in China: a systematic review. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2020; 23:931-942. [PMID: 31533884 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.18.0550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the accuracy of molecular diagnostics for the detection of drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) in Chinese patients.METHOD: Seven databases were searched for eligible studies that evaluated the accuracy of molecular diagnostics against drug susceptibility testing (DST) for detecting drug resistance. A bivariate random-effects meta-analysis was conducted to pool sensitivity and specificity by the index test and drug resistance type.RESULTS: A total of 159 studies were included. Compared with DST (reference standard), Xpert® could diagnose rifampicin (RMP) resistant TB accurately, with a pooled sensitivity and pooled specificity of 92% (95%CI 90-94) and 98% (95%CI 97-98), respectively. Line-probe assays (LPAs) also performed well for RMP resistance, with a pooled sensitivity of 91% (95%CI 88-93) and pooled specificity of 98% (95%CI 96-99), but not for isoniazid (INH) or second-line drugs due to lower sensitivity (<80%). The pooled sensitivity of GeneChip® microarrays for RMP, INH and multidrug resistance was 89% (95%CI 86-91), 79% (95%CI 75-82) and 79% (95%CI 73-84), respectively, and the specificities were all >97%. Similarly, the MeltPro® TB/STR assay had better sensitivity and specificity for first-line drugs, varying from 87% to 89% and 97% to 98%, respectively, than for second-line drugs.CONCLUSION: The Xpert assay, LPA, GeneChip assay, and MeltPro assay are credible methods with high accuracy for RMP resistance detection, but they may not be appropriate for other anti-tuberculosis drugs due to low sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Sun
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing
| | - L Gao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing
| | - H Xia
- National Center for Tuberculosis Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Z Yang
- Primary Care Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - S Deng
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing
| | - J Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing
| | - Y Zhao
- National Center for Tuberculosis Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - L Wang
- National Center for Tuberculosis Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - J Feng
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing
| | - F Huang
- National Center for Tuberculosis Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - S Huan
- Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, Beijing Office, Beijing, China
| | - S Zhan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing
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Huang Z, Li N, Liu J, Hou Y, Wang L, Zhan S, Wu L, Wang Y. Nocturnal heart rate variability as a biomarker for autonomic nervous system dysfunction in fatal familial insomnia. Sleep Med 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2019.11.447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Li N, Yuan Y, Ding Y, Huang Z, Zhai Y, Li X, Wang Y, Zhan S. Psychiatric symptoms in adolescents with narcolepsy. Sleep Med 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2019.11.1230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Liu C, Xu Z, Han T, Huang Z, Zhan S, Xu J, Wang Y. Increased gray matter density and functional connectivity of the pons associated with restless legs syndrome. Sleep Med 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2019.11.639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Liu Y, Wu F, Wu Y, Deng Y, Xiao Y, Yang X, Zhang S, Huang Z, Chen Y, Han Y, Wang J, Huang X, Tan D, Wang J, Zhan S. P6290Enhanced IL-6/pSTAT3/fibroblast signaling pathway contributes to spontaneous postoperative atrial fibrillation in a novel simulated cardiac surgery mouse model. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz746.0888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Cumulative evidences have shown that IL-6 in atrium might play an important role in the pathogenesis of postoperative AF (POAF) via activation of atrial fibrosis in patients undergoing CABG. However, whether atria produces IL-6 after the stimulation of CABG and its causal relationship with spontaneous POAF (sPOAF) and its specific pathways is still unclear.
Purpose
To test the hypothesis that atrium will produce IL-6 after CABG and causes sustained sPOAF (ssPOAF) through activating pSTAT3-mediated fibroblast proliferation.
Methods
To determine the causal relationship between IL-6 and sPOAF, IL-6−/− and wild type (WT) mice were both divided into three groups (10 mice/group): CABG group (NAI, mimic CABG), anti-inflammatory group (AI, mimic CABG with pericardial administration of methylprednisolone for 3 days via chest tube), and control group (anesthesia only). Mice were monitored for ssPOAF for 7 days using implanted telemetry device. Another two sets of mice, using the same models mentioned above, were euthanatized at 48th hours postoperatively. The atria of one set animals were excised and separated into pericardium (PC), pulmonary vein (PV), left atrium (LA), and right atrium (RA) and cultured for 4 hours. IL-6 levels in the supernatant were measured at 10 min and 4 hours of culture using ELISA test. The region producing the largest amount of IL-6 in the other set of animals was harvested for analyzing expressions of IL-6, pSTAT3/STAT3, connexin 43 and 40, fibroblast deposition, and collagen I and III. Path analysis was performed to determine the causal relationship of CABG induced IL-6 release, pSTAT3/fibroblast signaling, and the onset of ssPOAF.
Results
40% NAI-WT mice developed ssPOAF (Figure 1A) which was completely protected in IL-6−/− and AI groups. IL-6 was produced by all 4 atrial regions at 4hrs after CABG stimulation with the LA producing the highest amount. Western blotting (Figure 1B), RT-CPR, Masson staining, and immunofluorescence all showed a significantly upregulation of IL-6, pSTAT3/STAT3, fibroblasts, collagen I and III, and downregulation of Cx40 an 43 in NAI-WT mice, but not in IL-6−/− and AI mice. IL-6 was colocalized with vimentin to a large extent in cytoplasm (Figure 1C). IL-6 had strong positive correlation with pSTAT3/STAT3, collagen I and III (all r>0.700, P<0.001), moderate and weak negative correlation with Cx40 and 43 (r=−0.505, P<0.001; r=−0.307, P=0.048, respectively). Path analysis (Figure 1D) revealed that every 1 unit increase in IL-6 upregulated a 0.589 unit increase in ssPOAF, which was mediated by pSTAT3/collagen indirectly and collagen I/ collagen III directly.
Conclusion
Our study, for the first time, to the best of our knowledge, established a novel pathophysiological role of IL-6/pSTAT3/fibroblast signaling in the pathogenesis of ssPOAF and demonstrated that inhibition of atrial IL-6 might be a potential novel sPOAF prevention strategy.
Acknowledgement/Funding
The National Natural Science Foundation (No.81170170)
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Liu
- Capital Medical University School of Nursing, Beijing, China
| | - F Wu
- Capital Medical University School of Nursing, Beijing, China
| | - Y Wu
- Capital Medical University School of Nursing, Beijing, China
| | - Y Deng
- Capital Medical University School of Nursing, Beijing, China
| | - Y Xiao
- Capital Medical University School of Nursing, Beijing, China
| | - X Yang
- Capital Medical University School of Nursing, Beijing, China
| | - S Zhang
- Capital Medical University School of Nursing, Beijing, China
| | - Z Huang
- Capital Medical University School of Nursing, Beijing, China
| | - Y Chen
- Capital Medical University School of Nursing, Beijing, China
| | - Y Han
- Capital Medical University School of Nursing, Beijing, China
| | - J Wang
- Capital Medical University School of Nursing, Beijing, China
| | - X Huang
- Capital Medical University School of Nursing, Beijing, China
| | - D Tan
- Capital Medical University School of Nursing, Beijing, China
| | - J Wang
- Capital Medical University School of Nursing, Beijing, China
| | - S Zhan
- Capital Medical University School of Nursing, Beijing, China
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Vailati-Riboni M, Bucktrout RE, Zhan S, Geiger A, McCann JC, Akers RM, Loor JJ. Higher plane of nutrition pre-weaning enhances Holstein calf mammary gland development through alterations in the parenchyma and fat pad transcriptome. BMC Genomics 2018; 19:900. [PMID: 30537932 PMCID: PMC6290502 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-018-5303-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To reduce costs of rearing replacement heifers, researchers have focused on decreasing age at breeding and first calving. To increase returns upon initiation of lactation the focus has been on increasing mammary development prior to onset of first lactation. Enhanced plane of nutrition pre-weaning may benefit the entire replacement heifer operation by promoting mammary gland development and greater future production. Methods Twelve Holstein heifer calves (< 1 week old) were reared on 1 of 2 dietary treatments (n = 6/group) for 8 weeks: a control group fed a restricted milk replacer at 0.45 kg/d (R, 20% crude protein, 20% fat), or an accelerated group fed an enhanced milk replacer at 1.13 kg/d (EH, 28% crude protein, 25% fat). At weaning (8 weeks), calves were euthanized and sub-samples of mammary parenchyma (PAR) and mammary fat pad (MFP) were harvested upon removal from the body. Total RNA from both tissues was extracted and sequenced using the Illumina HiSeq2500 platform. The Dynamic Impact Approach (DIA) and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) were used for pathway analysis and functions, gene networks, and cross-talk analyses of the two tissues. Results When comparing EH vs R 1561 genes (895 upregulated, 666 downregulated) and 970 genes (506 upregulated, 464 downregulated) were differentially expressed in PAR and MFP, respectively. DIA and IPA results highlight a greater proliferation and differentiation activity in both PAR and MFP, supported by an increased metabolic activity. When calves were fed EH, the PAR displayed transcriptional signs of greater overall organ development, with higher ductal growth and branching, together with a supportive blood vessel and nerve network. These activities were mediated by intracellular cascades, such as AKT, SHH, MAPK, and Wnt, probably activated by hormones, growth factors, and endogenous molecules. The analysis also revealed strong communication between MFP and PAR. Conclusion The transcriptomics and bioinformatics approach highlighted key mechanisms that mediate the mammary gland response to a higher plane of nutrition in the pre-weaning period. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12864-018-5303-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Vailati-Riboni
- Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, 61801, USA
| | - R E Bucktrout
- Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, 61801, USA
| | - S Zhan
- Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, 61801, USA.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - A Geiger
- Department of Dairy Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
| | - J C McCann
- Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, 61801, USA
| | - R M Akers
- Department of Dairy Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
| | - J J Loor
- Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, 61801, USA.
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Liu YL, Chin C, Catanese B, Lee SM, Zhan S, Kalinsky K, Connolly EP. Concurrent use of capecitabine with radiation therapy and survival in breast cancer (BC) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Clin Transl Oncol 2018; 20:1280-1288. [PMID: 29594944 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-018-1859-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 03/08/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Capecitabine has been studied as a radiosensitizer, and our study seeks to examine the association of concurrent capecitabine/radiation therapy (RT) on event-free- (EFS) and overall survival (OS) in women with breast cancer (BC) with residual disease after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). METHODS/PATIENTS In a retrospective study of women with BC who received adriamycin/taxane-based NAC from 2004-2016, we identified 21 women administered concurrent capecitabine/RT. To assess differences in survival, we selected a clinical control cohort (n = 57) based on criteria used to select patients for capecitabine/RT. We also created a matched cohort (2:1), matching on tumor subtype, pathological stage and age (< 50 or 50+ years). Differences in EFS, using STEEP criteria, and OS, using all-cause mortality, between those who received capecitabine/RT and controls were assessed. RESULTS Of the 21 women who received capecitabine/RT, median age was 52 years. The majority were pathologic stage III (n = 15) and hormone receptor-positive/HER2-negative BC (n = 20). In those receiving capecitabine/RT, there were 9 events, compared with 14 events in clinical and 10 events in matched controls. Capecitabine/RT was associated with worse OS in clinical (HR 3.83 95% CI 1.12-13.11, p = 0.03) and matched controls (HR 3.71 95% CI 1.04-13.18, p = 0.04), after adjusting for clinical size, pathological stage and lymphovascular invasion. Capecitabine/RT was also associated with a trend towards worse EFS in clinical (HR 2.41 95% CI 0.86-6.74, p = 0.09) and matched controls (HR 2.68 95% CI 0.91-7.90, p = 0.07) after adjustment. CONCLUSION Concurrent capecitabine/RT after NAC is associated with worse survival and should be carefully considered in BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y L Liu
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - C Chin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, New York Presbyterian Hospital, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - B Catanese
- Department of Radiation Oncology, New York Presbyterian Hospital, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - S M Lee
- Department of Biostatistics, Columbia University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - S Zhan
- Department of Biostatistics, Columbia University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - K Kalinsky
- Department of Medical Oncology, New York Presbyterian Hospital, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - E P Connolly
- Department of Radiation Oncology, New York Presbyterian Hospital, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
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D'Amico G, Rosi G, Zhan S, Cacciapuoti L, Fattori M, Tino GM. Canceling the Gravity Gradient Phase Shift in Atom Interferometry. Phys Rev Lett 2017; 119:253201. [PMID: 29303327 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.119.253201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Gravity gradients represent a major obstacle in high-precision measurements by atom interferometry. Controlling their effects to the required stability and accuracy imposes very stringent requirements on the relative positioning of freely falling atomic clouds, as in the case of precise tests of Einstein's equivalence principle. We demonstrate a new method to exactly compensate the effects introduced by gravity gradients in a Raman-pulse atom interferometer. By shifting the frequency of the Raman lasers during the central π pulse, it is possible to cancel the initial position- and velocity-dependent phase shift produced by gravity gradients. We apply this technique to simultaneous interferometers positioned along the vertical direction and demonstrate a new method for measuring local gravity gradients that does not require precise knowledge of the relative position between the atomic clouds. Based on this method, we also propose an improved scheme to determine the Newtonian gravitational constant G towards the 10 ppm relative uncertainty.
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Affiliation(s)
- G D'Amico
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia and LENS, Università di Firenze, INFN Sezione di Firenze, via Sansone 1, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
| | - G Rosi
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia and LENS, Università di Firenze, INFN Sezione di Firenze, via Sansone 1, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
| | - S Zhan
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia and LENS, Università di Firenze, INFN Sezione di Firenze, via Sansone 1, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
| | - L Cacciapuoti
- European Space Agency, Keplerlaan 1, 2200 AG Noordwijk, Netherlands
| | - M Fattori
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia and LENS, Università di Firenze, INFN Sezione di Firenze, via Sansone 1, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
| | - G M Tino
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia and LENS, Università di Firenze, INFN Sezione di Firenze, via Sansone 1, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
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Yang X, Qi F, Yang W, Guo C, Zhan S, Lu J. 0166 MOVEMENT IMPAIRMENT AND SLEEP DISORDER CAUSED BY BILATERAL GLOBUS PALLIDUS EXTERNUS (GPE) INJECTION OF COPPER IN RATS. Sleep 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/sleepj/zsx050.165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Guo C, Yang W, Zhan S, Yang X, Chen M, Fuller P, Lu J. 0120 SUPRA-SPINAL NEURAL CIRCUITRY REGULATING REST LEGS SYNDROME (RLS). Sleep 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/sleepj/zsx050.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Liu XJ, Xie L, Liu N, Zhan S, Zhou XG, Wang Q. RNA interference unveils the importance of Pseudotrichonympha grassii cellobiohydrolase, a protozoan exoglucanase, in termite cellulose degradation. Insect Mol Biol 2017; 26:233-242. [PMID: 27991709 DOI: 10.1111/imb.12287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Based on prior work, a cellulase from glycosyl hydrolase family 7 (GHF7) was identified and found to be expressed at a high level in Coptotermes formosanus. To determine the function of GHF7 family members in vivo, we used RNA interference (RNAi) to functionally analyse the exoglucanase gene Pseudotrichonympha grassii cellobiohydrolase gene (PgCBH), which was highly expressed in Pseudotrichonympha grassii, a flagellate found in the hindgut of C. formosanus. In this study, the expression level of PgCBH was down-regulated by RNAi, causing the death of P. grassii, but no effect was observed for other flagellates found in C. formosanus. RNAi also resulted in significantly reduced exoglucanase activity, and no effect was observed for endoglucanase and β-glucosidase activities. This result demonstrated that the PgCBH gene plays a role in the protist lignocellulolytic process and is also important for host survival. PgCBH can be used as a target gene and has potential as a bioinsecticide for use against termites.
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Affiliation(s)
- X-J Liu
- Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - L Xie
- Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - N Liu
- Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - S Zhan
- Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - X-G Zhou
- Department of Entomology, University of Kentucky, KY, USA
| | - Q Wang
- Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
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Wu L, Zhan S, Wang X, Lu H, Ye J, Jia J. Clinical and polysomnography characteristics of five Chinese patients with fatal familial insomnia. Sleep Med 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2015.02.132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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16
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Qu Z, Song J, Zhan S, Ma X. A Novel Broadly Applicable Risk Score for Predicting Mortality of Patients with Circulatory System Diseases within Hospitalization Duration. Value Health 2014; 17:A727. [PMID: 27202590 DOI: 10.1016/j.jval.2014.08.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Z Qu
- Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - J Song
- Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - S Zhan
- Peking University, Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - X Ma
- Peking University, Beijing, China
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Affiliation(s)
- J Yan
- Creativ-Ceutical, London, UK
| | - E Clay
- Creativ-Ceutical, Paris, France
| | | | - S Zhai
- The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - S Zhan
- Peking University, Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - M Toumi
- University of Marseille, Marseille, France
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Sun F, Wu S, Chai S, Yang Z, Yu K, Zhan S. Impact of Glp-1RA on Heart Rate, Blood Pressure and Hypertension Among Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis. Value Health 2014; 17:A719-A720. [PMID: 27202544 DOI: 10.1016/j.jval.2014.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- F Sun
- Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - S Wu
- Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - S Chai
- Capital Medical University, Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Z Yang
- Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - K Yu
- Tianjin Fifth Central Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - S Zhan
- Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
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19
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Wang J, Chen R, Tang S, Lv X, Wu S, Zhang Y, Yang Z, Xia Y, Chen D, Zhan S. Interleukin-4 and interleukin-10 polymorphisms and antituberculosis drug-induced hepatotoxicity in Chinese population. J Clin Pharm Ther 2014; 40:186-91. [DOI: 10.1111/jcpt.12223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2014] [Accepted: 09/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics; School of Public Health; Peking University Health Science Centre; Beijing China
| | - R. Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics; School of Public Health; Peking University Health Science Centre; Beijing China
| | - S. Tang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics; School of Public Health; Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing China
| | - X. Lv
- Clinical Research Division; Peking University Institute of Mental Health; Key Laboratory for Mental Health; Ministry of Health; Beijing China
| | - S. Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics; School of Public Health; Peking University Health Science Centre; Beijing China
| | - Y. Zhang
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics; McMaster University; Hamilton ON Canada
| | - Z. Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics; School of Public Health; Peking University Health Science Centre; Beijing China
| | - Y. Xia
- Center for Tuberculosis Control and Prevention; Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; Beijing China
| | - D. Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics; School of Public Health; Peking University Health Science Centre; Beijing China
| | - S. Zhan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics; School of Public Health; Peking University Health Science Centre; Beijing China
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20
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Huang Z, Li Y, Zhan S, Li N, Ding Y, Hou Y, Wang L, Wang Y. P1060: Suppressing cortical hyperexcitability of right parietal cortex by repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) relieved the anxiety symptom of patients with generalized anxiety disorder. Clin Neurophysiol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s1388-2457(14)50913-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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21
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He Q, Yang Y, Xia M, Zhang N, Wu S, Xiao Y, Li G, Zhan S, Liu L, Xiao H, Zhao J. [Risk factors for interstitial cystitis/painful bladder syndrome in patients with lower urinary tract symptoms presenting for urologic care]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2014; 94:428-432. [PMID: 24754986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify the risk factors in interstitial cystitis/painful bladder syndrome (IC/PBS) patients with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) without urinary tract infection or benign prostate hyperplasia in China. METHODS A total of 954 outpatients with LUTS presenting for care to urology clinics at 8 hospitals throughout China from November 20, 2008 to August 24, 2012 were surveyed with a standardized questionnaire and validated outcome measures. The definitions for IC/PBS based on the O'Leary-Sant interstitial cystitis symptom and problem indices were used. The possible risk factors was analyzed with the Fisher's exact and Pearson chi-square tests. And multivariate predictive models were developed with binary Logistic regression methods. RESULTS There were 491 females and 463 males. And 44.7% (427/954) met the criteria for IC/PBS. There was significant gender difference (51.7% (254/491) vs 37.4% (173/463), P < 0.05) . After adjusting for confounding factors, bladder pain was significantly associated with stimulatory foods (OR: 81.16, 95%CI: 11.50-590.00, P = 0.001) and anorectal disease (OR: 54.90, 95%CI: 9.52-401.00, P = 0.001) in females. Caffeine beverage intake (OR: 4.29, 95%CI: 1.86-9.86, P = 0.001) was the only modifiable association according to multivariate analysis of males. CONCLUSIONS Stimulatory foods, anorectal disease and caffeine beverages are potential risk factors for IC/PBS.Further studies are necessary to determine their roles in the pathogenesis of this disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qun He
- Department of Urological Surgery, Affiliated Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100038, China.
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Wu S, Sun F, Zhang Y, Yang Z, Hong T, Chen Y, Zhan S. The cardiovascular effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists: a trial sequential analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Clin Pharm Ther 2013; 39:7-13. [PMID: 24127768 DOI: 10.1111/jcpt.12102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2013] [Accepted: 09/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists are a new class of antidiabetic drugs. Their wider use for the treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus has led to concerns about its cardiovascular effects. However, the robustness of data leading to those concerns is unclear. The purpose of this study is to systematically assess the robustness of the available evidence on the adverse cardiovascular effects of GLP-1 receptor agonists in patients with type 2 diabetes. METHODS The Cochrane library, MEDLINE, EMBASE and www.clinicaltrials.gov were searched from inception through to 25 January 2013. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were selected if they compared GLP-1 receptor agonists with placebo or other drugs with a duration ≥12 weeks. Mantel-Haenszel odds ratio (MH-OR) of cardiovascular events with 95% confidence interval (CI) was estimated using a random effects model. Trial sequential analysis based on required information size with an assumption of plausible reductions in relative risk in the low-bias trials, 5% risk of a type I error and 20% risk of a type II error was used to explore the robustness of available evidence. RESULTS Fifty-eight trials were included in the analysis (10 466 patients receiving GLP-1 receptor agonists and 7138 patients receiving comparators, respectively). Overall, the OR for cardiovascular events with GLP-1 receptor agonists was 0·52 (95% CI: 0·27-0·99) compared with placebo and 0·84 (95% CI: 0·52-1·36) with active controls. Trial sequential analyses showed that the actual accumulated sample size was only 11% (7445 of 65 212) and 13% (10 157 of 79 198) of the required information size for placebo-controlled trials and active-controlled trials, respectively. These results indicate that there is still insufficient evidence on cardiovascular events. WHAT IS NEW AND CONCLUSION GLP-1 receptor agonists do not seem to show any increased risk of cardiovascular events However, the available data from RCTs remain insufficient to confirm an absence of detrimental effect. More long-term trials and population-based studies are required to provide the necessary reassurance on the cardiovascular safety of GLP-1 receptor agonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Centre, Beijing, China
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Dong Z, Watts R, Sun Y, Zhan S, Colburn N. Progressive elevation of ap-1 activity during preneoplastic-to-neoplastic progression as modeled in mouse jb6 cell variants. Int J Oncol 2012; 7:359-64. [PMID: 21552848 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.7.2.359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The JB6 mouse epidermal cell system has been used extensively as an in vitro model for the study of tumor promotion and progression. The present study was directed to assessing the role of basal AP-1 activity in JB6 variants which represent preneoplastic to neoplastic progression and to addressing whether AP-1 activity is required for maintenance of the tumor phenotype. Constitutively higher AP-1 activity was found in tumorigenic JB6 RT101 cells than in later or earlier preneoplastic P+ or P- cells. Levels of c-jun mRNA and protein correlated with progression stage. Enhancement of AP-1 activity by TPA increased the formation of anchorage independent colonies by tumorigenic RT101 cells. Inhibition of AP-1 activity by retinoic acid or fluocinolone acetonide inhibited expression of tumor phenotype as measured by AI growth. These data together with our previous results suggest that in the JB6 model (i) basal levels of Jun and AP-1 appear to be important for preneoplastic-to-neoplastic progression; (ii) induced AP-1 appears to be required for further progression by tumor cells; (iii) constitutively elevated AP-I activity may be important for the expression of transformed phenotype; (iv) inhibition of AP-1 activity by RA or FA is not a general suppression of transcription but is gene-specific; and (v) even though both inhibition of AP-1 activity and activation of RARE-dependent or GRE-dependent gene transcription correlate with inhibition of AI growth in RT101 cells by RA or FA, transactivation of RARE or GRE might better correlate with the inhibition of AI growth than the inhibition of AP-1 activity in RT101 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Dong
- NCI,FREDERICK CANC RES & DEV CTR,SAIC,BIOL CARCINOGENESIS & DEV PROGRAM,FREDERICK,MD 21702. NCI,FREDERICK CANC RES & DEV CTR,VIRAL CARCINOGENESIS LAB,CELL BIOL SECT,FREDERICK,MD 21702
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24
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Fu C, Ji L, Wang W, Luan R, Chen W, Zhan S, Xu B. Frequency of glycated hemoglobin monitoring was inversely associated with glycemic control of patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Endocrinol Invest 2012; 35:269-73. [PMID: 21606668 DOI: 10.3275/7743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The frequency of monitoring glycated hemoglobin (HbA(1c)) and its impact on glycemic control of Chinese Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients have not been well understood. AIM To explore the current status of the glycemic control, the frequency of HbA(1c) monitoring, and their relationship in T2DM outpatients in urban China. SUBJECTS AND METHODS A cross-sectional study was carried out in 15 hospitals purposely sampled from 4 cities of China. T2DM outpatients were consecutively recruited, and underwent a face-to-face interview in outpatient consulting rooms using a self-developed structured questionnaire to collect information. All consented patients were invited to have a free HbA(1c) test. RESULTS Among 1511 subjects, the average level of HbA(1c) was 8.1±1.6% with the ideal percents of 13.6% and 24.8% (HbA(1c)<6.5% and <7.0%, respectively). Less than 1/3 (339/1157) had received 2 or more HbA(1c) tests per yr, and they had a significantly lower average of HbA(1c) than those having only 1 or no test per yr (F=5.012, p=0.007). After adjustment for possible confounders including age, gender, and city, there was a significantly inverse association with adjusted odds ratios of 2.56 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.71, 3.86] and 1.67 (95% CI: 1.11, 2.50), respectively, between the frequency of monitoring HbA(1c) (null, once vs ≥2 times per yr) and worse glycemic control (HbA(1c)≥7.0%). CONCLUSIONS Glycemic control of T2DM outpatients was poor in urban China. Frequency of HbA(1c) monitoring is seriously insufficient in majority of patients. Lower frequency of HbA(1c) monitoring is significantly associated with poor glycemic control.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Fu
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
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25
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Xu R, Lin G, Wang W, Liu M, Zhan S, Wang L, Zhang K, Zhang R, Li J. Application of an ELISA-elution assay to dissociate digoxin-antibody complexes in immunoaffinity chromatography. Scand J Immunol 2009; 71:55-60. [PMID: 20017811 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3083.2009.02333.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we used a modified enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)-elution technique as a screening tool to select specific elution conditions. We examined 12 different elution conditions for the removal of antibodies from a complex on an ELISA plate; 0.2 mol/l glycine-HCl (pH 2.5), 1.0 mol/l acetic acid (pH 2.5), 25% methanol (pH 2.5) and 3 mol/l NaSCN showed a higher elution efficiency. We conducted affinity chromatography with these four conditions for the purification of anti-digoxin antibodies from hyperimmune sera with a digoxin-specific column using omega-aminoalkyl derivatives of Sepharose 4B, whose elution efficiency was similar to that of ELISA. We also monitored the relative specific activities during elution from the digoxin-specific column. The optimum, general-purpose dissociation reagent for this immunoaffinity system was identified as 25% methanol (pH 2.5) with an elution efficiency and relative specific activity of 88.40% and 62.25%, respectively. The high purity of the purified antibodies was demonstrated with sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Xu
- Graduate School, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Li P, Cai M, Li Z, Zhan S, Jin H, Wang S, Wang Q, Xu L, Shi B. [Long-term observation of prefabricated urethra with buccal mucosa in expanded capsule]. Zhongguo Xiu Fu Chong Jian Wai Ke Za Zhi 2009; 23:1487-1490. [PMID: 20073316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the histological and keratinous variation of prefabricated urethra in the capsule with micro-mucosa and gelatin sponge compound graft. METHODS Five 8-week-old Guizhou miniature pigs (2 females and 3 males) weighing 20-25 kg were used. Eight tissue expanders were bilaterally inserted into subcutaneous position on the dorsal thorax of each pig. Forty inserted expanders were randomized into two groups (n=20 per group). For the experimental group, the free buccal mucosa was cut into particles less than 1 mm in diameter, spread onto the gelatin sponge (3 cm x 2 cm) and then transplanted to the capsule; the area expansion ratio of autogenous micro-mucosa was 8 : 1. For the control group, soft tissue expander without mucosa graft was implanted. The pressure in inserted expander was about 40 mm Hg (1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa). Inflation should be stopped when the injected saline volume reached 15 mL. The animals were killed 1 and 2 weeks and 1, 2, and 4 months after the implant to receive examination. Microscope, histology, and immunohistochemistry changes were observed. RESULTS All the animals survived to the end of the experiment and the wounds healed by first intention. There was no obvious degeneration of gelatin sponge, and some of the mucosa survived 1 week after implant. The gelatin sponge was partly absorbed, most of the mucosa survived 2 weeks after implant. Visual examination showed complete epithelialization of the entire cavity 1 month after implant. The experimental group at 2 and 4 months were similar to that of at 1 month in gross observations. The neo-mucosa was not found in the control group at different time points after implant. Histology examination revealed that compound implant was mainly infiltrated by inflammatory cells and the micro-mucosa survived well 1 week after implant in the experimental group. The stratified squamous epithelium presented obvious polarity and the submucous neovascularization was abundant 2 weeks after implant. The compound implant achieved complete epithelialization 1 month after implant. The epithelium degeneration occurred 2 months after implant. The stratified squamous epithelium presented no abovious polarity 4 months after implant. No neo-mucosa was evident in control group at different time points. The experimental group was positive for the pan-cytokeratin staining at 1, 2 weeks, and 1, 2 months after implant, but negative at 4 months after implant. The pan-cytokeratin staining was negative in the control group at different time points. CONCLUSION The buccal micromucosa and gelatin sponge compound graft can grow well on the expanded capsule 1 month after implant and the epithelium degeneration is evident 2 months after implant. Environment of implanted mucosa has great influence on epithelium mucosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengcheng Li
- Department of Urology, the 309th Hospital of Chinese PLA, Beijing, 100091, P.R. China
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Li P, Li Z, Cai M, Zhan S, Shi B, Jin H, Wang S, Wang Q, Xu L. [Preliminary study on prefabricated urethra in expander capsule]. Zhongguo Xiu Fu Chong Jian Wai Ke Za Zhi 2009; 23:1212-1215. [PMID: 19957842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the feasibility of prefabricating urethra in the expander capsule with gelatin sponge and micro-mucosa compound transplantation. METHODS Eight 8-week-old Guizhou miniature pigs (male and/or female) weighing 20-25 kg were used. Six expanders (15 mL) were placed subcutaneously on the dorsal thorax of each miniature pig. Autologous oral mucosa of every pig was harvested 2 weeks later to prepare micro-mucosa with a diameter less than 1 mm. Gelatin sponge 3 cm x 2 cm in size was transplanted to the expander capsule after being coated by the autologous micro-mucosa at the area expansion ratio of 4 : 1 (group A), 8 : 1 (group B), and 16 : 1 (group C), respectively (n = 2 per group). The implantation of gelatin sponge served as the blank control (group D, n = 2). Physiological saline was injected into the expander immediately after operation, and the pressure in the expander was 40 mm Hg (1 mm Hg = 0.133 kPa). The postoperative general condition of the animals was observed. At 1, 2, and 3 weeks after operation, the animals were killed to receive general, HE staining, and immunohistochemistry staining observations. RESULTS All animals survived till the end of the experiment. The wounds healed well. General observation: in groups A, B, and C at 1 week after operation, there was no obvious degeneration of gelatin, the mucous was survived partially, and there were significant differences among three groups in terms of mucosa healing rate (P < 0.05), groups A and B were better than group C, and group A was better than group B; at 2 weeks, the gelatin sponge was partly absorbed, most of the mucosa survived, and the mucosa healing rate of groups A and B was better than that of group C (P < 0.05); at 3 weeks, the gelatin sponge was still not absorbed completely, the wound reached epithelialization approximately, and there were no significant differences among three groups in terms of mucosa healing rate (P > 0.05). No neo-mucosa was evident in group D at each time point. Histology and immunohistochemistry staining observation: at each time point, the mucosa epithelium survival, inflammatory cell infiltration, and pan-cytokeratin were evident in groups A, B, and C; at 3 weeks after operation, the stratified squamous epithelium presented obvious polarity and the submucous neovascularization was abundant in groups A, B, and C. There was no mucosa epithelium and positive stained pan-cytokeratin in group D. For the percentage of positive pan-cytokeratin stained area, there were significant differences among groups A, B, and C 1 week after operation (P < 0.05); at 2 and 3 weeks after operation, there was significant difference between group A and group C, and between group B and group C (P < 0.05); but no significant difference was evident between group A and group B (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION Micro-mucosa and gelatin spongy compound transplantation on the expander capsule can form mucosal lining, achieve complete epithelialization in 2 weeks, and contribute to maintain the normal function of prefabricated urethra.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengcheng Li
- Department of Urology, 309 Hospital of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100091, P.R. China
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Sun F, Chen Y, Xiang Y, Zhan S. Drug-metabolising enzyme polymorphisms and predisposition to anti-tuberculosis drug-induced liver injury: a meta-analysis. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2008; 12:994-1002. [PMID: 18713495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although some case-control studies have investigated the association between drug-metabolising enzyme (DME) gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to anti-tuberculosis drug-induced liver injury (ATLI), their results are conflicting, mainly due to limited power. OBJECTIVE To review the literature systematically, by means of a meta-analytical review, to evaluate the putative association and provide a quantitative summary estimate on the association with ATLI. DESIGN We searched the databases of MEDLINE, PubMed, EMBASE and CBMdisc from 1966 to May 2007 using 'DME', 'hepatotoxicity', 'genetic polymorphism', 'genetic susceptibility' in combination with 'antitubercular agents', performed a manual search of citations from relevant original studies and review articles, and corresponded with authors. RESULTS Nine eligible articles were included in this meta-analysis, including five on N-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2), four on cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) and two on glutathione S-transferase (GST) studies, separately. The overall ORs of ATLI risk associated with NAT2 homozygous variant genotype (mt/mt), CYP2E1 homozygous wild genotype (*1A/*1A), GSTM1 homozygous null genotype (null/null) and GSTT1 homozygous null genotype (null/null) were respectively 1.93 (95%CI 0.81-4.62), 2.22 (95%CI 1.06-4.66), 2.62 (95%CI 1.45-4.75) and 1.18 (95%CI 0.61-2.29). In addition, the OR for Asian ATLI associated with the NAT2 homozygous variant (mt/mt) and the combined genotype (w/w + w/mt) was 2.52 (95%CI 1.49-4.26). CONCLUSIONS NAT2 mt/mt, CYP2E1*1A/*1A and GSTM1 null/null were observed to increase the risk of ATLI in tuberculosis patients. Our results support the hypothesis that NAT2 mt, CYP2E1*1A and GSTM1 null have a modest effect on genetic susceptibility to ATLI, but no significant evidence for GSTT1 null/null.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Sun
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
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Wanguo Z, Xiaomin Z, Xiaofeng W, Feng J, Zhan S, Kuixin Z, Xiaodong Y, Xiaodong J, Jingqin S, Hai Z, Mingzhong L, Jianjun W, Dongxia H, Shaobo H, Yong X, Zhitao P, Bin F, Liangfu G, Xiaoqun L, Qihua Z, Haiwu Y, Yong Y, Dianyuan F, Weiyan Z. Status of the SG-III solid-state laser facility. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/112/3/032009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Xiang H, Li M, Yang F, Guo Q, Zhan S, Lin H, Miao X, Huang Y. Fine mapping of E(kp)-1, a locus associated with silkworm (Bombyx mori) proleg development. Heredity (Edinb) 2008; 100:533-40. [PMID: 18364737 DOI: 10.1038/hdy.2008.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The silkworm homeotic mutant E(kp) has a pair of rudimentary abdominal legs, called prolegs, in its A2 segment. This phenotype is caused by a single dominant mutation at the E(kp)-1 locus, which was previously mapped to chromosome 6. To explore the possible association of Hox genes with proleg development in the silkworm, a map-based cloning strategy was used to isolate the E(kp)-1 locus. Five E(kp)-1-linked simple sequence repeat markers on chromosome 6 were used to generate a low-resolution map with a total genetic distance of 39.5 cM. Four additional cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence markers were developed based on the initial map. The closest marker to E(kp)-1 was at a genetic distance of 2.7 cM. A high-resolution genetic map was constructed using nine BC1 segregating populations consisting of 2396 individuals. Recombination suppression was observed in the vicinity of E(kp)-1. Four molecular markers were tightly linked to E(kp)-1, and three were clustered with it. These markers were used to screen a BAC library. A single bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) clone spanning the E(kp)-1 locus was identified, and E(kp)-1 was delimited to a region less than 220 kb long that included the Hox gene abdominal-A and a non-coding locus, iab-4. These results provide essential information for the isolation of this locus, which may shed light on the mechanism of proleg development in the silkworm and possibly in Lepidoptera.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Xiang
- Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Center of Insect Science, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, P.R. China
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31
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Abstract
With the renaissance of stereotactic pallidotomy for Parkinson's disease in 1990s, pallidotomy has become increasingly used as an effective treatment for various manifestations of medically refractory dystonia. More recently, deep brain stimulation of globus pallidus internus (GPi) has been replacing pallidotomy. Although GPi DBS has great promise for treating dystonia, there are some disadvantages. We introduce our experiences in subthalamic nucleus (STN) DBS for primary dystonia and tardive dystonia in this chapter. We propose that STN DBS has the following advantages over GPi DBS: (1) symptomatic improvement is seen immediately after stimulation, allowing us to quickly select the most suitable stimulation parameters; (2) the stimulation parameters for the STN are lower than those used for the GPi, resulting in longer battery life; and (3) STN DBS results in better symptomatic control than GPi DBS in dystonia patients when our STN data is compared to that obtained by others with using the GPi as the target. We suggest that STN DBS may be the most appropriate surgical technique for dystonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Sun
- Center for Functional Neurosurgery, Shanghai Jiao Ton University Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai, PR China.
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32
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Guo J, Zhan S, Somers J, Westenbroek RE, Catterall WA, Roach DE, Sheldon RS, Lees-Miller JP, Li P, Shimoni Y, Duff HJ. Decrease in density of INa is in the common final pathway to heart block in murine hearts overexpressing calcineurin. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2006; 291:H2669-79. [PMID: 16751287 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.01247.2005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Overexpression of calcineurin in transgenic mouse heart results in massive cardiac hypertrophy followed by sudden death. Sudden deaths are caused by abrupt transitions from sinus rhythm to heart block (asystole) in calcineurin-overexpressing (CN) mice. Preliminary studies showed decreased maximum change in potential over time (d V/d tmax) of phase 0 of the action potential. Accordingly, the hypothesis was tested that decreased activity of the sodium channel contributes to heart block. Profound decreases in activity of sodium currents ( INa) paralleled the changes in action potential characteristics. Progressive age-dependent decreases were observed such that at 42–50 days of life little sodium channel function existed. However, this was not paralleled by decreased protein expression as assessed by immunocytochemistry or by Western blot. Since calcineurin can interact with the ryanodine receptor, we assessed whether chronic in vitro treatment with BAPTA-AM, thapsigargin, and ryanodine could rescue the decrease of INa. All of these treatments rescued INa to levels indistinguishable from wild type. The nonspecific PKC inhibitor bisindolylmaleimide I also rescued the decrease of INa. To assess whether decreased sodium channel activity contributes to sudden death in vivo, the response to encainide (20 mg/kg) was assessed: 6 of 10 young CN mice died because of asystole, whereas 0 of 10 wild-type mice died ( P < 0.01). Moreover, encainide produced exaggerated prolongation of the QRS width in sinus beats before the heart block. Catecholamine tone appears necessary to support life in older CN mice because propranolol (1 mg/kg) triggered asystolic death in five of six CN mice. We conclude that decrease in sodium channel activity is in the common final pathway to asystole in CN mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Guo
- Dept. of Cardiac Sciences, University of Calgary, AB, Canada T2N 4N1
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33
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Zhang Z, Zhen J, Zhan S. [Adverse drug reaction and rational use of levofloxacin: a prospective study]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2001; 22:405-7. [PMID: 11851050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the rate of adverse drug reaction(ADR) and the rational use of levofloxacin among in-patients. METHOD All in-patients treated with levofloxacin were prospectively observed in 7 hospitals of Beijing. RESULTS One hundred and five ADR cases were found in 2,661 patients injected with levofloxacin. The ADR rate was 3.9% while 4.8% of them were classified as severe cases. All severe ADR cases had a nature of double infections. The ADR occurrence was related to older age, irrational drug use, combined medicine and allergic history. The rate of levofloxacin irrational use was 19.9%, especially in the elderly population, due to too long or too short course of treatments. CONCLUSION Levofloxacin is viewed as a safe injection in clinical practice, however, combined medicine and elderly patients should be paid more attention when on administration of this medication. The irrational use of levofloxacin was recognized as one of the main reasons causing the increase of ADR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Zhang
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China
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34
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Chen M, He H, Zhan S, Krajewski S, Reed JC, Gottlieb RA. Bid is cleaved by calpain to an active fragment in vitro and during myocardial ischemia/reperfusion. J Biol Chem 2001; 276:30724-8. [PMID: 11404357 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m103701200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 289] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Reperfusion after myocardial ischemia is associated with a rapid influx of calcium, leading to activation of various enzymes including calpain. Isolated perfused adult rabbit hearts subjected to global ischemia and reperfusion were studied. Calpain or a calpain-like activity was activated within 15 min after reperfusion, and preconditioning suppressed calpain activation. In contrast, caspase activation was not detected although cytochrome c was released after ischemia and reperfusion. The pro-apoptotic BH3-only Bcl-2 family member, Bid, was cleaved during ischemia/reperfusion in the adult rabbit heart. Recombinant Bid was cleaved by calpain to a fragment that was able to mediate cytochrome c release. The calpain cleavage site was mapped to a region within Bid that is extremely susceptible to proteolysis. These findings suggest that there is cross-talk between apoptotic and necrotic pathways in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Chen
- Scripps Research Institute and the Burnham Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
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35
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Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the sensitivity of emergency ultrasound (US) for the detection of blunt splenic injury (BSI), and to describe sonographic parenchymal patterns. Over 3 years, 2138 emergency US were performed, and 162 patients had BSI. CT was performed for 76 patients, and there were 86 laparotomies. Seventy patients (43%) had concomitant intraabdominal injuries. Ultrasound detected free fluid in 109 patients (67%), and parenchymal injury in 31 patients (19%). There were 48 false negative US (30%). Sonographic patterns included a diffuse heterogeneous appearance, hyperechoic and hypoechoic perisplenic crescents, and discrete hypoechoic or hyperechoic areas within the spleen. Overall sensitivity of US for detection of BSI was 69%, but was 86% for grade III or higher injuries. Ultrasound is most sensitive for the detection of grade III or higher BSI based on the presence of haemoperitoneum. Ultrasound may also identify BSI on the basis of parenchymal abnormality, with a diffuse heterogeneous pattern most commonly encountered. Sonographic evaluation for both free fluid and parenchymal injury improves sensitivity of US.
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Affiliation(s)
- J R Richards
- Division of Emergency Medicine, University of California, Davis Medical Center, 2315 Stockton Boulevard, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.
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36
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Liu A, Zhan S, Li L. [The relationship of low density lipoprotein receptor gene polymorphism and hyperlipidemia]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2001; 22:30-3. [PMID: 11860839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the relationship of low density lipoprotein receptor gene polymorphism and hyperlipidemia in the population with essential hypertension. METHODS People with different lipid levels including 107 hyperlipidemia, 104 at margin level and 108 normal were recruited in the study. Their polymorphisms of LDL-R gene were analyzed using PCR-RFLP. RESULTS There were three kinds of genotype: (+/+), (+/-), (-/-). In male, the frequencies of the (+/-) in three study groups were shown as follows: 41.18% in hyperlipidemia, 46.15% in margin level, 19.05% in normal lipid. The frequency of (+) allele was significantly higher in hyperlipidemia than that in normal lipid (24.51%, 25.00% and 11.11%, respectively). In women, the differences were not statistically significant. The nonconditional univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that (+) allele of Ava II polymorphism of LDL-R was a genetic marker of male's hypercholesterolemia. CONCLUSIONS The frequency of (+/-) hyperlipidemia in males was higher than that in normal lipid group and the (+) allele in male hyperlipidemia was significantly more frequent seen than that in normal lipid group. These results suggested that polymorphisms of LDL-Rgene might play an independent role of risk factor for hyperlipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, Beijing Medical University, China
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37
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Abstract
PURPOSE The objective of this article is to offer an overview of single subject designs and provide clinicians with information regarding the components of single subject designs and how they can be used in clinical and other rehabilitation environments. METHOD/RESULT Three basic designs in single subject research are presented, with corresponding examples illustrating each design. A review of visual and statistical analysis techniques commonly used in single subject designs is provided, and the advantages and limitations of each are noted. CONCLUSION Single subject designs are ideally suited for research in the rehabilitation practice environment. If properly applied, these designs can help establish the efficacy of rehabilitation practice and contribute to rehabilitation science.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Zhan
- State University of New York at Buffalo, 14214, USA.
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38
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Liu A, Zhan S, Li L. [Relation between low density lipoprotein receptor gene polymorphism, blood lipids, obesity and hypertension]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2000; 21:460-2. [PMID: 15455471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A Liu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, the Inner Mongolia Baotou Medical University, Baotuo 014010, China
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39
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Abstract
PURPOSE To establish the size, configuration, and histopathologic features of acute, subacute, and chronic radio-frequency (RF) electrocautery of mammary tissue in swine. MATERIALS AND METHODS Eighteen RF treatments were performed in the mammary tissue of three domestic swine under ultrasonographic (US) guidance. Histopathologic examination was performed immediately after (acute animal); 2 weeks after (subacute animal); and 4 weeks after (chronic animal) treatment. RESULTS In the acute animal, lesions were firm nodules on palpation and had a distinct line of demarcation between necrotic and viable mammary tissue (mean lesion volume, 14.24 cm(3); largest volume, 29.06 cm(3)). In the subacute animal, there was diffuse coagulation necrosis with neutrophilic infiltrates at the periphery (mean lesion volume, 6.46 cm(3); largest volume, 9.47 cm(3)), and two treatment areas had a secondary bacterial infection. In the chronic animal, lesions were still palpable and firm (mean lesion volume, 11.67 cm(3); largest volume, 25.5 cm(3)), and five of six treatment sites had an area of gray to white fibrotic tissue that blended with the surrounding tissue. However, one site had a pale yellow area of central necrosis surrounded by a fibrotic area. In both the subacute and chronic animals, two and one treatment site, respectively, had minimal areas of skin necrosis. CONCLUSION RF ablation of breast tissue is feasible in this animal model. Problems included minimal skin erythema, residual firm treatment regions at 4 weeks, slightly variable margins of coagulation necrosis, and occasional bacterial infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- J P McGahan
- Department of Radiology, University of California-Davis Medical Center, Sacramento 95817, USA.
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40
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Hu Y, Li L, Cao W, Zhan S, Li P, Li X, Wu T, Hu R, Zhou X, Ge R, Zhu G, Dai L, Wang Y, Wang S, Guo Y. [Community -based comprehensive prevention and control of hypertension in China (CCPACH Study)-prevalence and epidemiological characteristics in urban and rural area]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2000; 21:177-80. [PMID: 11860779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To understand the epidemiological features and prevalence of essential hypertension in the rural communities. METHODS A community-based survey on essential hypertension was carried out in urban and rural areas involving 280,000 population. RESULTS The prevalence rate of hypertension in age 35 years and over was 31.7% and 32.9% in urban and rural respectively; the average age of the patients' in urbans was significantly higher than in rural areas. Among non-hypertensive cases, more than 50% of the population having risk factors of hypertension in both urban and rural areas. Rates of treatment and control awareness of hypertension were 56.3%, 26.8% and 4.4% respectively in urban; comparing to 40.3%, 17.5% and 2.6% respectively, in the rural areas. More than half of the diagnosed patients before survey did not take antihypertensive medicine for treatment in both areas. The proportions the classification of hypertension were similar in both areas with majority of them, mild and isolated systolic hypertension. CONCLUSIONS It was demonstrated that there is an urgent need to carry out comprehensive prevention and control for hypertension in urban and rural area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Hu
- Department of Epidemiology, Beijing Medical University, Beijing 100083, China
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41
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Cao W, Li L, Hu Y, Zhan S, Li X, Li P, Wu T, Li J, Wang T. [Evaluation on the effect of Benazepril for hypertension through postmarketing surveillance]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2000; 21:190-3. [PMID: 11860782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Benazepril used among the essential hypertensives. METHODS 1 831 essential hypertensive patients aged 35 to 75 were randomly selected from a community and followed for 18 months. The level of blood pressure, status of taking Benazepril and side effects were sequencially collected. RESULTS 1/3 of the patients had taken antihypertensive drug before the study and the rate of compliance was over 96%. The effective rate of Benazepril was 73.6% at three months and increased to 84.7% at 18 months. Comparing with the baseline data, SBP and DBP declined 10.8 mmHg and 6.7 mmHg respectively. The rate of side effect was 22.7%. Cough was most commonly seen among side effects. The peak of first recording on side effect occurred at three months including 60% of them mild. CONCLUSION Results showed that Benazepril had good efficacy and safety for the essential hypertension patients in a long-term observation.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Cao
- Department of Epidemiology, Beijing Medical University, Beijing 100083, China
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Li J, Cao W, Hu Y, Zhan S, Li P, Li X, Wu T, Wang Y, Wang S, Sun Y, Li L. [Evaluation on the effects of community-based comprehensive prevention and control of hypertension in the rural areas in China]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2000; 21:185-9. [PMID: 11860781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the strategies and measures of community-based comprehensive prevention and control of hypertension in the rural areas. METHODS Community-based comprehensive prevention and control of hypertension was put in practice in 120,000 people in Fangshan District of Beijing during the period of "The Ninth Five-Year Plan (1996 - 2000)". RESULTS After intervention, blood pressure of the whole subjects were under control and kept the level of baseline data; the rate of increase of prevalence in the intervention areas was below the rate of that from 1979 to 1991 in China (the former was 14.7%, while the latter was 53.7%); the incidence rate of the subjects was 1.4%, close to the average rate of age 15 and above in China; the rates of awareness, treatment and control were above the levels of baseline data; SBP and DBP of the patients decreased by 2.9% and 5.6%, respectively; while the rate of having high risk factors reduced by 13.4% on average. CONCLUSION The community-based comprehensive strategies and measures played an important and effective role in prevention and control of hypertension in rural areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Li
- Department of Epidemiology, Beijing Medical University, Beijing 100083, China
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Wang T, Hu Y, Li L, Zhan S, Gao Y, Cao W, Wu T, Li X, Guo X. [An genetic epidemiology study of MTHFR gene and blood level (sibpair linkage analysis)]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2000; 21:198-201. [PMID: 11860784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the relationship between MTHFR gene and blood pressure. METHODS A total of 142 sibpairs were collected from rural communities of CCPACH. MTHFR gene genotypes were determined by an assay based on the polymerase chain reaction. Phenotype of this study was the level of blood pressure. Covariates were measured by questionnaire, physical examination and clinical indices. Sibpair linkage analysis was used to analyse data by SAGE software. RESULTS In this study, prevalence of TT genotype of MTHFR gene was 9.3%, while CT was 41%. There was no evidence for linkage of the MTHFR gene with either systolic or diastolic blood pressure identified. CONCLUSION In our study population, MTHFR gene did not seem to be not related to blood pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, Beijing Medical University, Beijing 100083, China
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Zhan S, Gao Y, Yin X, Huang Y, Hu Y, Li L. [A case-control study on the relationship between abnormal homocysteine metabolism and essential hypertension]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2000; 21:194-7. [PMID: 11860783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the relationship between abnormal homocysteine metabolism and essential hypertension in a Chinese population, a community-based case-control study was conducted. METHODS 127 essential hypertensive patients aged 35 to 75 were randomly selected from a community. Another 170 control subjects with blood pressure < 140/90 mmHg were selected from the same community. Serum homocysteine was determined using HPLC. Folate and vitamin B(12) were measured by radioimmunoassay. MTHFR genotypes were identified by PCR and restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis with Hinf I digestion. RESULTS After adjusting for age and sex, the mean homocysteine level was 10.56 micromol/L for hypertensive patients and 10.34 micromol/L for controls (F = 0.234, P = 0.63). No association between either SBP or DBP and Hcy concentration was found in subjects without anti-hypertensive medications. The prevalence of homozygousity for thermolabile MTHFR variant for this population was 13.1%, and the mutant allele frequency was 38.7%. There was no significant difference on genotype distributions and the mutant allele frequency for the two studied groups. However, the concentrations of folate and B(12) for the hypertensive subjects were generally higher than the controls. CONCLUSIONS The present study did not discover that the elevation of Hcy levels or MTHFR mutation were independent risk factors for essential hypertension. The higher folate and B(12) in the hypertensive subjects might contribute to a lower risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Zhan
- Department of Epidemiology, Beijing Medical University, Beijing 100083, China
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Wu T, Zhan S, Li L, Hu Y, Cao W, Li X, Li J, Wang T. [The epidemiological characteristics of multiple metabolic disorders in hypertensive patients in the communities]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2000; 21:181-4. [PMID: 11860780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To describe the epidemiological characteristics of multiple metabolic disorders on hypertensive patients living in the communities. METHODS The characteristics of metabolic disorders in the hypertensives from one community in Shanghai urban area were analyzed. Metabolic disorders would include dyslipidemia (high cholesterol and/or high triglycerides and/or low HDL cholesterol), diabetes and obesity. RESULTS 59.2% of the hypertensives at least had one metabolic disorder. Proportionally, 83.9%, 15.5%, 0.6% of the patients would combine one, two, or all of the disorders. The percentages of patients combined with dyslipidemia, diabetes and obesity were 53.0%, 9.7%, 6.3%, respectively. 74.0% of patients with metabolic disorders were combined with dyslipidemia while 9.1% were combined with both dyslipidemia and diabetes. The standardized prevalence rate of male patients with metabolic disorders was 58.1%, higher than the rate of women (54.5%). The prevalence rate of postmenopausal female patients with metabolic disorders was 67.6%, significantly higher than that of the premenopausal women (44.4%) (chi(2) = 37.49, P < 0.01). CONCLUSION Nearly 60% of the total patients combined with metabolic disorders. Dyslipidemia occurred in more than half of the patients in total. The proportion of senile patients with metabolic disorders was higher than the younger patients. Results suggested that attempts to maintain the coronary heart disease at low levels in the population should include treatment of dyslipidemia to keep lipid and diabetes prevalence at low levels other than regular antihypertensive therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Wu
- Departent of Epidemiology, Beijing Medical University, Beijing 100083, China
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Chanock SJ, Roesler J, Zhan S, Hopkins P, Lee P, Barrett DT, Christensen BL, Curnutte JT, Görlach A. Genomic structure of the human p47-phox (NCF1) gene. Blood Cells Mol Dis 2000; 26:37-46. [PMID: 10772875 DOI: 10.1006/bcmd.2000.0274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The cytosolic factor p47-phox, encoded by the NCF1 gene, is an essential component of the phagocyte NADPH-oxidase system. Upon activation of this multicomponent system, p47-phox translocates to the membrane and participates in the electron transfer from NADPH to molecular oxygen. A deficiency or absence of p47-phox is the most common autosomal form of chronic granulomatous disease (CGD). We have cloned and characterized the NCF1 gene from four bacteriophage clones, a P1 clone and genomic DNA from normal individuals. The gene is 15,236 base pairs long and includes 11 exons. It is 98.6% homologous in sequence to at least one pseudogene that maps to the same region of chromosome 7q11.23. Slightly more than half (50.37%) of the wild-type NCF1 gene consists of repetitive elements. In particular, the density of Alu sequences is high (1.4 Alu/kb); there are 21 Alu repeats interspersed through 10 introns. These findings are consistent with the observation that recombination events between the wild-type gene and its highly homologous pseudogenes account for the majority of potentially lethal mutations in p47-phox-deficient chronic granulomatous disease. Analysis of 1.96 kb of sequence 5' of the start of translation revealed a high homology (99.6%) between wild-type and pseudogene clones. Characterization of NCF1 establishes a foundation for detailed molecular analysis of p47-phox-deficient CGD patients as well as for the study of the regulation of the NCF1 gene and pseudogenes, both of which are present as full-length transcripts in normal individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Chanock
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
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Cmarik JL, Min H, Hegamyer G, Zhan S, Kulesz-Martin M, Yoshinaga H, Matsuhashi S, Colburn NH. Differentially expressed protein Pdcd4 inhibits tumor promoter-induced neoplastic transformation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1999; 96:14037-42. [PMID: 10570194 PMCID: PMC24186 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.96.24.14037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 217] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
An mRNA differential display comparison of mouse JB6 promotion-sensitive (P+) and -resistant (P-) cells identified a novel gene product that inhibits neoplastic transformation. The JB6 P+ and P- cells are genetic variants that differ in their transformation response to tumor promoters; P+ cells form anchorage-independent colonies that are tumorigenic, and P- cells do not. A differentially displayed fragment, A7-1, was preferentially expressed in P- cells at levels >/=10-fold those in P+ cells, making its mRNA a candidate inhibitor of neoplastic transformation. An A7-1 cDNA was isolated that was identical to murine Pdcd4 gene cDNAs, also known as MA-3 or TIS, and analogous to human H731 and 197/15a. Until now, the function of the Pdcd4 protein has been unknown. Paralleling the mRNA levels, Pdcd4 protein levels were greater in P- than in P+ cells. Pdcd4 mRNA was also expressed at greater levels in the less progressed keratinocytes of another mouse skin neoplastic progression series. To test the hypothesis that Pdcd4 inhibits tumor promoter-induced transformation, stable cell lines expressing antisense Pdcd4 were generated from parental P- cells. The reduction of Pdcd4 proteins in antisense lines was accompanied by acquisition of a transformation-sensitive (P+) phenotype. The antisense-transfected cells were reverted to their initial P- phenotype by overexpression of a Pdcd4 sense fragment. These observations demonstrate that the Pdcd4 protein inhibits neoplastic transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Cmarik
- Basic Research Laboratory, Frederick Cancer Research and Development Center, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA.
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48
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Abstract
E1A can evoke G1 exit in cardiac myocytes and other cell types by displacing E2F transcription factors from tumor suppressor "pocket" proteins and by a less well-characterized p300-dependent pathway. Bypassing pocket proteins (through overexpression of E2F-1) reproduces the effect of inactivating pocket proteins (through E1A binding); however, pocket proteins associate with a number of molecular targets apart from E2F. Hence, pocket protein binding by E1A might engage mechanisms for cell cycle reentry beyond those induced by E2F-1. To test this hypothesis, we used adenoviral gene transfer to express various E2F-1 and E1A proteins in neonatal rat cardiac myocytes that are already refractory to mitogenic serum, in the absence or presence of several complementary cell cycle inhibitors-p16, p21, or dominant-negative cyclin-dependent kinase-2 (Cdk2). Rb binding by E2F-1 was neither necessary nor sufficient for G1 exit, whereas DNA binding was required; thus, exogenous E2F-1 did not merely function by competing for the Rb "pocket." E2F-1-induced G1 exit was blocked by the "universal" Cdk inhibitor p21 but not by p16, a specific inhibitor of Cdk4/6; p21 was permissive for E2F-1 induction of cyclins E and A, but prevented their stimulation of Cdk2 kinase activity. In addition, E2F-1-induced G1 exit was blocked by dominant-negative Cdk2. Forced expression of cyclin E induced endogenous Cdk2 activity but not G1 exit. Thus, E2F-1-induced Cdk2 function was necessary, although not sufficient, to trigger DNA synthesis in cardiac muscle cells. In contrast, pocket protein-binding forms of E1A induced G1 exit that was resistant to inhibition by p21, whereas G1 exit via the E1A p300 pathway was sensitive to inhibition by p21. Both E1A pathways-via pocket proteins and via p300-upregulated cyclins E and A and Cdk2 activity, consistent with a role for Cdk2 in G1 exit induced by E1A. However, p21 blocked Cdk2 kinase activity induced by both E1A pathways equally. Thus, E1A can cause G1 exit without an increase in Cdk2 activity, if the pocket protein-binding domain is intact. E1A also overrides p21 in U2OS cells, provided the pocket protein-binding domain is intact; thus, this novel function of E1A is not exclusive to cardiac muscle cells. In summary, E1A binding to pocket proteins has effects beyond those produced by E2F-1 alone and can drive S-phase entry that is resistant to p21 and independent of an increase in Cdk2 function. This suggests the potential involvement of other endogenous Rb-binding proteins or of alternative E1A targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Akli
- Molecular Cardiology Unit, Departments of Medicine, Cell Biology, and Molecular Physiology & Biophysics, and the Graduate Program in Cardiovascular Sciences Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Tex, USA
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49
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Zhan S, Pang G, Jin Y, Sun Y, Li W. [Excimer laser photorefractive keratectomy for lower to moderate myopia: 5 year follow-up]. Zhonghua Yan Ke Za Zhi 1999; 35:277-9. [PMID: 11835822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the long-term effectiveness and safety of photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) for patient with lower to moderate myopia. METHODS 148 myopic eyes (-1.5 to -6.00 D) after PRK follow-up of more than 5 years were analyzed. RESULTS Uncorrected visual acuity was >or= 1.0 in 136 eyes (91.9%), >or= 0.8 in 4 eyes (2.7%) and >or= 0.6 in 8 eyes (5.4%). The mean spherical equivalent change was from (-4.43 +/- 0.97) D to (-0.12 +/- 0.22) D, and the keratometric power (K value) was reduced from (43.81 +/- 1.10) D to (41.36 +/- 1.30) D in the 5 years of follow-up (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION The long-term effectiveness of PRK for myopia (-1.5 to -6.00 D) is satisfactory.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Zhan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730
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50
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Zhang L, Kim M, Choi YH, Goemans B, Yeung C, Hu Z, Zhan S, Seth P, Helman LJ. Diminished G1 checkpoint after gamma-irradiation and altered cell cycle regulation by insulin-like growth factor II overexpression. J Biol Chem 1999; 274:13118-26. [PMID: 10224065 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.274.19.13118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
High levels of insulin-like growth factor II (IGFII) mRNA expression are detected in many human tumors of different origins including rhabdomyosarcoma, a tumor of skeletal muscle origin. To investigate the role of IGFII in tumorigenesis, we have compared the mouse myoblast cell line C2C12-2.7, which was stably transfected with human IGFII cDNA and expressed high and constant amounts of IGFII, to a control cell line C2C12-1.1. A rhabdomyosarcoma cell line, RH30, which expresses high levels of IGFII and contains mutated p53, was also used in these studies. IGFII overexpression in mouse myoblast C2C12 cells causes a reduced cycling time and higher growth rate. After gamma-irradiation treatment, C2C12-1.1 cells were arrested mainly in G0/G1 phase. However, C2C12-2.7 and RH30 cells went through a very short G1 phase and then were arrested in an extended G2/M phase. To verify further the effect of IGFII on the cell cycle, we developed a Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell line with tetracycline-controlled IGFII expression. We found that CHO cells with high expression of IGFII have a shortened cycling time and a diminished G1 checkpoint after treatment with methylmethane sulfonate (MMS), a DNA base-damaging agent, when compared with CHO cells with very low IGFII expression. It was also found that IGFII overexpression in C2C12 cells was associated with increases in cyclin D1, p21, and p53 protein levels, as well as mitogen-activated protein kinase activity. These studies suggest that IGFII overexpression shortens cell cycling time and diminishes the G1 checkpoint after DNA damage despite an intact p53/p21 induction. In addition, IGFII overexpression is also associated with multiple changes in the levels and activities of cell cycle regulatory components following gamma-irradiation. Taken together, these changes may contribute to the high growth rate and genetic alterations that occur during tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Zhang
- Molecular Oncology Section, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-1928, USA
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