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Yamaguchi S, Okada A, Sunaga S, Ikeda Kurakawa K, Yamauchi T, Nangaku M, Kadowaki T. Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on healthcare service use for non-COVID-19 patients in Japan: retrospective cohort study. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e060390. [PMID: 35466081 PMCID: PMC9058318 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-060390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We aimed to investigate the impact of the first and second waves of the COVID-19 pandemic on healthcare service use by non-COVID-19 patients. DESIGN Retrospective cohort study. SETTING Hospital-based claims database from anonymised hospitals in Japan. PARTICIPANTS Patients (n=785 495) who visited and/or were hospitalised in 26 anonymised hospitals in Japan between January 2017 and November 2020. OUTCOME MEASURES We compared changes in the monthly number of hospitalisations (overall or by diagnosis), outpatient visits, endoscopic fibrescopies (EFs), rehabilitations, outpatient chemotherapy treatments, maintenance haemodialysis treatments and outpatient prescriptions between pre-COVID-19 years and the same period in 2020. RESULTS The overall number of hospitalisations and outpatient visits decreased by 27% and 22%, respectively, in May 2020, of which the most substantial decrease was observed in the paediatrics department (65% and 51%, respectively). The number of hospitalisations for respiratory diseases, circulatory diseases, malignant neoplasms and digestive diseases decreased by a maximum of 55%, 32%, 10% and 26%, respectively, in 2020. The number of hospitalisations for non-COVID-19 pneumonia in patients aged <16 years, patients aged ≥16 years and patients with asthma decreased by 93%, 43% and 80%, respectively, in May 2020. EFs and outpatient rehabilitations decreased by >30%. In contrast, outpatient chemotherapy and maintenance haemodialysis treatments decreased by <10%, if at all. Outpatient prescriptions decreased by a maximum of 20% in 2020, with the largest decrease observed in drugs for obstructive airway diseases and cough and cold preparations. CONCLUSIONS The use of healthcare services by non-COVID-19 patients was most affected during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in May 2020. The number of hospitalisations for respiratory diseases, particularly non-COVID-19 pneumonia and asthma, drastically decreased, while the number of hospitalisations and outpatient chemotherapies for malignant neoplasms or maintenance haemodialysis was less affected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoko Yamaguchi
- Department of Prevention of Diabetes and Lifestyle-Related Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akira Okada
- Department of Prevention of Diabetes and Lifestyle-Related Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Kayo Ikeda Kurakawa
- Department of Prevention of Diabetes and Lifestyle-Related Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshimasa Yamauchi
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaomi Nangaku
- Division of Nephrology and Endocrinology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Kadowaki
- Department of Prevention of Diabetes and Lifestyle-Related Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Toranomon Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
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Bai L, Borjigin L, Sato H, Takeshima SN, Asaji S, Ishizaki H, Kawashima K, Obuchi Y, Sunaga S, Ando A, Inoko H, Wada S, Aida Y. Kinetic Study of BLV Infectivity in BLV Susceptible and Resistant Cattle in Japan from 2017 to 2019. Pathogens 2021; 10:pathogens10101281. [PMID: 34684230 PMCID: PMC8537920 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10101281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) is the causative agent of enzootic bovine leukosis. Polymorphism in bovine lymphocyte antigen (BoLA)-DRB3 alleles is related to susceptibility to BLV proviral load (PVL), which is a useful index for estimating disease progression and transmission risk. However, whether differential BoLA-DRB3 affects BLV infectivity remains unknown. In a three-year follow-up investigation using a luminescence syncytium induction assay for evaluating BLV infectivity, we visualized and evaluated the kinetics of BLV infectivity in cattle with susceptible, resistant and neutral BoLA-DRB3 alleles which were selected from 179 cattle. Susceptible cattle showed stronger BLV infectivity than both resistant and neutral cattle. The order of intensity of BLV infectivity was as follows: susceptible cattle > neutral cattle > resistant cattle. BLV infectivity showed strong positive correlation with PVL at each testing point. BLV-infected susceptible cattle were found to be at higher risk of horizontal transmission, as they had strong infectivity and high PVL, whereas BLV-infected resistant cattle were low risk of BLV transmission owing to weak BLV infection and low PVL. Thus, this is the first study to demonstrate that the BoLA-DRB3 polymorphism is associated with BLV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanlan Bai
- Photonics Control Technology Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Photonics, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako 351-0198, Saitama, Japan; (L.B.); (S.-N.T.); (S.W.)
- Viral Infectious Diseases Unit, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako 351-0198, Saitama, Japan; (L.B.); (H.S.)
| | - Liushiqi Borjigin
- Viral Infectious Diseases Unit, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako 351-0198, Saitama, Japan; (L.B.); (H.S.)
| | - Hirotaka Sato
- Viral Infectious Diseases Unit, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako 351-0198, Saitama, Japan; (L.B.); (H.S.)
| | - Shin-Nosuke Takeshima
- Photonics Control Technology Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Photonics, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako 351-0198, Saitama, Japan; (L.B.); (S.-N.T.); (S.W.)
- Viral Infectious Diseases Unit, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako 351-0198, Saitama, Japan; (L.B.); (H.S.)
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Jumonji University, 2-1-28 Sugasawa, Niiza 352-8510, Saitama, Japan
| | - Sakurako Asaji
- GenoDive Pharma Inc., 4-14-1 Naka-cho, Atsugi 243-0018, Kanagawa, Japan; (S.A.); (A.A.); (H.I.)
| | - Hiroshi Ishizaki
- Grazing Animal Unit, Division of Grassland Farming, Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, NARO, 768 Senbonmatsu, Nasushiobara 329-2793, Tochigi, Japan;
| | - Keiji Kawashima
- Tobu and General Agricultural Office Livestock Hygiene Division, Ota 373-0805, Gunma, Japan;
| | - Yuko Obuchi
- Department of Agriculture Dairy and Livestock Division, Maebashi 371-8570, Gunma, Japan; (Y.O.); (S.S.)
| | - Shinji Sunaga
- Department of Agriculture Dairy and Livestock Division, Maebashi 371-8570, Gunma, Japan; (Y.O.); (S.S.)
| | - Asako Ando
- GenoDive Pharma Inc., 4-14-1 Naka-cho, Atsugi 243-0018, Kanagawa, Japan; (S.A.); (A.A.); (H.I.)
- Department of Molecular Life Science, Division of Basic Medical Science and Molecular Medicine, Tokai University School of Medicine, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara 259-1119, Kanagasa, Japan
| | - Hidehito Inoko
- GenoDive Pharma Inc., 4-14-1 Naka-cho, Atsugi 243-0018, Kanagawa, Japan; (S.A.); (A.A.); (H.I.)
| | - Satoshi Wada
- Photonics Control Technology Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Photonics, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako 351-0198, Saitama, Japan; (L.B.); (S.-N.T.); (S.W.)
| | - Yoko Aida
- Viral Infectious Diseases Unit, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako 351-0198, Saitama, Japan; (L.B.); (H.S.)
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Jumonji University, 2-1-28 Sugasawa, Niiza 352-8510, Saitama, Japan
- Laboratory of Global Infectious Diseases Control Science, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-3-5841-5383
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Akimoto N, Sunaga S, Kishi A, Hayashi N, Sato T. 260 Establishment and characterization of human sebocytic progenitor cells that can differentiate into functional sebocytes. J Invest Dermatol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2017.07.258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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4
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Sunaga S, Ohbu S, Takabayashi K, Yamada Y, Matsumura S, Kawashima A, Miyata Y. [Report from the Kanto Chapter Seminar: Practice and Task in Community Health Care at the Urban Areas Leaded by Physicians]. Nihon Naika Gakkai Zasshi 2017; 106:327-334. [PMID: 30182663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
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5
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Saigusa R, Sugaya M, Sunaga S, Sumida H, Suga H, Fujita H, Yoshimii A, Sunaga S, Sato S. CD8(+) aggressive lymphoma in a human T-cell leukaemia virus type-1 carrier. J Dermatol 2014; 41:443-4. [PMID: 24801919 DOI: 10.1111/1346-8138.12478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryosuke Saigusa
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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Sunaga S. [Lymphoid malignancies: progress in diagnosis and treatment. Topics: IV. Prognosis and cooperation between hospitals and community clinics; 3. Comprehensive care of patients with lymphoid malignancies]. Nihon Naika Gakkai Zasshi 2011; 100:1917-1923. [PMID: 21863767 DOI: 10.2169/naika.100.1917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shinji Sunaga
- Faculty of Internal Medicine, Odaira Memorial Tokyo Hitachi Hospital, Japan
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7
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Araragi Y, Ito H, Sunaga S. Filling-in of a line segment presented on one side of the blind spot. J Vis 2010. [DOI: 10.1167/7.9.919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Affiliation(s)
- H Nozawa
- Department of Surgery, Odaira Memorial Tokyo Hitachi Hospital, Japan.
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9
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Shiokawa D, Shika Y, Araki S, Sunaga S, Mizuta R, Kitamura D, Tanuma S. Stage-specific expression of DNaseγ during B-cell development and its role in B-cell receptor-mediated apoptosis in WEHI-231 cells. Cell Death Differ 2007; 14:992-1000. [PMID: 17218958 DOI: 10.1038/sj.cdd.4402086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Here, we describe the non-redundant roles of caspase-activated DNase (CAD) and DNasegamma during apoptosis in the immature B-cell line WEHI-231. These cells induce DNA-ladder formation and nuclear fragmentation by activating CAD during cytotoxic drug-induced apoptosis. Moreover, these apoptotic manifestations are accompanied by inhibitor of CAD (ICAD) cleavage and are abrogated by the constitutive expression of a caspase-resistant ICAD mutant. No such nuclear changes occur during oxidative stress-induced necrosis, indicating that neither CAD nor DNasegamma functions under necrotic conditions. Interestingly, the DNA-ladder formation and nuclear fragmentation induced by B-cell receptor ligation occur in the absence of ICAD cleavage and are not significantly affected by the ICAD mutant. Both types of nuclear changes are preceded by the upregulation of DNasegamma expression and are strongly suppressed by 4-(4,6-dichloro-[1, 3, 5]-triazin-2-ylamino)-2-(6-hydroxy-3-oxo-3H-xanthen-9-yl)-benzoic acid (DR396), which is a specific inhibitor of DNasegamma. Our results suggest that DNasegamma provides an alternative mechanism for inducing nuclear changes when the working apoptotic cascade is unsuitable for CAD activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Shiokawa
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, Japan
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10
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Oyaizu N, Kozai Y, Kodo H, Sunaga S, Iwabuchi K, Higashihara M, Mori S. A case of pure red cell aplasia complicated with diffuse large B cell lymphoma, T-cell-rich/histiocyte-rich variant: effectiveness of rituximab and implications for a common immunopathogenic role of B lymphocytes. Acta Haematol 2005; 113:194-7. [PMID: 15870490 DOI: 10.1159/000084450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2004] [Accepted: 08/18/2004] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Diffuse large B cell lymphoma, T-cell-rich/histiocyte-rich variant (DLBL-TH), is characterized by the presence of neoplastic B cells set in a background containing numerous non-neoplastic T lymphocytes and histiocytes. We report here the case of a patient with DLBL-TH who developed overt pure red cell aplasia (PRCA) following chemotherapy and autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation. Posttransplantation bone marrow biopsies revealed the absence of erythroid precursors associated with lymphoid aggregates composed of B cells mixed with numerous T cells and histiocytes. Administration of rituximab has led to complete recovery of erythropoiesis, which was associated not only with B cell depletion but also with a marked reduction in bone marrow T cells and histiocytes. These observations strongly suggest the particular pathogenetic role of the patient's B cells in inducing PRCA and recruiting T cells and histiocytes in situ.
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MESH Headings
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/administration & dosage
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived
- Antineoplastic Agents/administration & dosage
- B-Lymphocytes/pathology
- Erythropoiesis/drug effects
- Histiocytes/pathology
- Humans
- Lymphoma, B-Cell/complications
- Lymphoma, B-Cell/pathology
- Lymphoma, B-Cell/therapy
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/complications
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/pathology
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/therapy
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation
- Red-Cell Aplasia, Pure/drug therapy
- Red-Cell Aplasia, Pure/etiology
- Red-Cell Aplasia, Pure/pathology
- Rituximab
- T-Lymphocytes/pathology
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Oyaizu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
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11
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Abstract
Sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy (SHML) is a distinct benign clinicopathological entity, characterized by painless enlargement of lymph nodes due to sinus histiocytosis. Here, we report a case of SHML with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. A 64-year-old man was admitted to our hospital because of fever. He presented with enlargement of a small cervical lymph node and huge abdominal paraaortic lymphadenopathy. Cervical lymph node biopsy revealed SHML and bone marrow biopsy showed infiltration of large B-cell lymphoma. Several cases of SHML associated with lymphoma have been documented to date, but this type of simultaneous occurrence has not yet been reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirofumi Shoda
- Department of Internal Medicine, Odaira-Memorial Tokyo Hitachi Hospital, 3-5-7 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0034
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12
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Sahara M, Inoue S, Sunaga S, Kitagawa H, Ako J, Hoshino S, Toba K, Ouchi Y. Megakaryoblastic transformation of chronic myelomonocytic leukemia presenting with severe bone pain. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2002. [DOI: 10.1046/j.1444-1586.2002.00027.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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13
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Abe M, Sawabe Y, Mochizuki Y, Sunaga S, Izumiyama H, Matsumoto K, Kushima M, Taniyama M, Ban Y, Sano T. Corticotroph cell adenoma without typical manifestations of Cushing's disease presenting with cavernous sinus syndrome following pituitary apoplexy. Endocr J 2001; 48:503-7. [PMID: 11603575 DOI: 10.1507/endocrj.48.503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
This report presents a unique case of corticotroph cell adenoma in a 30-year-old man without acromegaly or features typical of Cushing's disease, who developed cavernous sinus syndrome following pituitary apoplexy. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a large intrasellar/suprasellar mass with pituitary hemorrhage and extension of a hematoma to the anterior base of the skull. Urgent transnasal pituitary surgery revealed an acidophilic pituitary adenoma, with immunoreactivity for ACTH and GH and expression of proopiomelanocortin (POMC) and GH messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) demonstrated by in situ hybridization. To our knowledge, a silent corticotroph cell adenoma with GH production has never been reported. This type of adenoma may potentially enlarge and develop tumoral hemorrhage because it is free of endocrinological symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Abe
- Department of Neurosurgery, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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14
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Nakatani Y, Tanioka T, Sunaga S, Murakami M, Kudo I. Identification of a cellular protein that functionally interacts with the C2 domain of cytosolic phospholipase A(2)alpha. J Biol Chem 2000; 275:1161-8. [PMID: 10625659 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.275.2.1161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytosolic phospholipase A(2) (cPLA(2)) alpha plays critical roles in lipid mediator synthesis. We performed far-Western analysis and identified a 60-kDa protein (P60) that interacted with cPLA(2)alpha in a Ca(2+)-dependent manner. Peptide microsequencing revealed that purified P60 was identical to vimentin, a major component of the intermediate filament. The interaction occurred between the C2 domain of cPLA(2)alpha and the head domain of vimentin. Immunofluorescence microscopic analysis demonstrated that cPLA(2)alpha and vimentin colocalized around the perinuclear area in cPLA(2)alpha-overexpressing human embryonic kidney 293 cells following A23187 stimulation. Forcible expression of vimentin in vimentin-deficient SW13 cells augmented A23187-induced arachidonate release. Moreover, overexpression of the vimentin head domain in rat fibroblastic 3Y1 cells exerted a dominant inhibitory effect on arachidonate metabolism, significantly reducing A23187-induced arachidonate release and attendant prostanoid generation. These results suggest that vimentin is an adaptor for cPLA(2)alpha to function properly during the eicosanoid-biosynthetic process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Nakatani
- Department of Health Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan
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Horikoshi M, Machida U, Itikawa M, Seo S, Masuda S, Kurokawa M, Ogawa S, Sunaga S, Honda H, Aoki K, Chiba S, Mitani K, Hirai H, Yazaki Y. [Essential thrombocythemia in transformation from myelodysplastic syndrome to acute myeloid leukemia with inv(3) after treatment for gastric cancer]. Rinsho Ketsueki 2000; 41:68-71. [PMID: 10695403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
In March 1990, a 61-year-old man was given a diagnosis of essential thrombocythemia with a normal karyotype and subsequently treated with hydroxyurea. In November 1995, he underwent surgery for gastric cancer with thereafter received tegafur/uracil for 2 years. Refractory anemia with excess of blasts in transformation and chromosomal abnormalities including -5, -7, 20q-developed in August 1998. Combined chemotherapy with daunorubicin, cytarabine, mercaptopurine, and prednisolone, had only limited effectiveness. Acute myeloid leukemia was finally diagnosed in October 1998, and chromosomal analysis disclosed inv(3) in addition to -5 and -7. The appearance of inv(3) might be related to leukemic transformation of hematopoietic stem cell disease with an increase in the number of megakaryocytes and platelets.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Horikoshi
- Department of Hematology & Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo
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Ye SK, Maki K, Kitamura T, Sunaga S, Akashi K, Domen J, Weissman IL, Honjo T, Ikuta K. Induction of germline transcription in the TCRgamma locus by Stat5: implications for accessibility control by the IL-7 receptor. Immunity 1999; 11:213-23. [PMID: 10485656 DOI: 10.1016/s1074-7613(00)80096-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
IL-7 receptor (IL-7R) plays critical roles in lymphocyte development by promoting survival and proliferation and by inducing V(D)J recombination in TCR and Ig loci. Here, we demonstrate that IL-7R-activated Stat5 binds to consensus motifs in the 5' regions of Jgamma segments and induces germline transcripts. We also show that a constitutively active form of Stat5 restores V-J recombination of TCRgamma genes and partially rescues T cell development from IL-7R(-/-) T cell precursors, especially in favor of gammadelta T cells. Therefore, this study reveals a potential role of Stat5 in T cell development and also implies that IL-7R may control the accessibility of the TCRgamma locus through Stat5-induced germline transcription.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Ye
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University, Japan
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Abe T, Matsumoto K, Sunaga S, Dohi K, Hanakawa K, Shimazu M, Jimbo H, Sasaki K, Izumiyama H, Kushima M. [Metastatic skull tumors from cancers associated with subcutaneous mass lesions]. No To Shinkei 1999; 51:353-9. [PMID: 10363272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
Abstract
The incidence of metastatic brain tumors is increasing because of the recent progress in the detection and management of primary cancer. However, metastatic skull tumors from cancers associated with giant subcutaneous mass lesions are rare. We present four patients with metastatic skull tumors: two from hepatic cancer, one from lung cancer, and one from mamma cancer. In these patients, plain skull X-ray and bone CT showed osteolytic lesions. Angiograms revealed a tumor stain fed by abnormal vessels from the external carotid artery. MRI demonstrated masses with marked homogeneous enhancement with the "dural tail sign" in the dura adjacent to the tumors in three skull tumors from hepatic and mamma cancers, and a mass with slightly enhancement without the "dural tail sign" in a skull tumor from lung cancer. At surgery, hemorrhagic well-demarcated tumors were totally removed. The histological diagnosis was skull metastases from cancers in all cases. In cases with the "dural tail sign" on MRI, no tumor cells were seen in the inner layer of the dura and the dura adjacent to the tumors. It is possible that the "dural tail" is due to increased vascular permeability of the dural vessels. The recurrence of these skull tumors was not observed during the follow-up period. Surgical treatment for the metastatic skull tumors from cancers may be indicated to prevent deteriorating neurological symptoms affecting the quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Abe
- Department of Neurosurgery, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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18
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Abe T, Matsumoto K, Shimazu M, Jimbo H, Sunaga S, Dohi K, Sasaki K, Izumiyama H, Ohki S, Fujitani S. [Transnasal microsurgery using a micro-pressure-suction-irrigation system for pituitary adenomas]. No Shinkei Geka 1999; 27:225-31. [PMID: 10190156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Micro-pressure-suction-irrigation system (MPSIS), introduced by Luedecke et al, is an instrumentation for the direct transnasal pituitary procedure. We improved this system for use in Japan. The irrigation system can effectively clean the operating field by one-hand manipulation and dissect tumor tissue by its rapid flow. The pressure of suction and irrigation can be adjusted respectively by a device in the handpiece. The MPSIS is applicable to different stages of intervention because it is equipped with separate tips of various diameters, lengths and angles. This system is especially useful in combination with a micromirror or an endoscopy for direct inspection of the eccentric tumor sites such as the cavernous sinus, the upper part of the planum sphenoidale, or the posterior suprasellar regions. The use of the MPSIS helps to avoid injury to normal tissue structures, and prevents tiny soft microadenoma from being lost during preparation. We have proved the suitability and usefulness of the MPSIS in 23 surgical interventions for transnasal microsurgery of pituitary adenomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Abe
- Department of Neurosurgery, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo
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Iida M, Sunaga S, Hirota N, Kuribayashi N, Sakagami H, Takeda M, Matsumoto K. Effect of glutathione-modulating compounds on hydrogen-peroxide-induced cytotoxicity in human glioblastoma and glioma cell lines. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 1998; 123:619-22. [PMID: 9620220 DOI: 10.1007/s004320050115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The relation between the intracellular glutathione (GSH) concentration and hydrogen-peroxide(H2O2)-induced cytotoxicity was investigated. The intracellular GSH concentration in human glioblastoma (T98G, U87MG) and glioma (KG1C) cell lines was one or two orders of magnitude higher than that in a human myelogenous leukemic cell line (HL-60), which showed higher sensitivity to H2O2. Pretreatment of these cell lines with L-buthionine-[S,R]-sulfoximine, which significantly reduced the intracellular GSH concentration, increased their sensitivity against H2O2, whereas pretreatment with N-acetyl-L-cysteine, which did not significantly change the intracellular GSH concentration, only marginally protected the cells from the cytotoxic effect of H2O2. The results suggest that drug sensitivity of tumor cells can be modified by glutathione-modulating compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Iida
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
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20
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Ishii S, Kuwaki T, Nagase T, Maki K, Tashiro F, Sunaga S, Cao WH, Kume K, Fukuchi Y, Ikuta K, Miyazaki J, Kumada M, Shimizu T. Impaired anaphylactic responses with intact sensitivity to endotoxin in mice lacking a platelet-activating factor receptor. J Exp Med 1998; 187:1779-88. [PMID: 9607919 PMCID: PMC2212308 DOI: 10.1084/jem.187.11.1779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 220] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Platelet-activating factor (PAF) is a potent phospholipid mediator with diverse biological activities in addition to its well-known ability to stimulate platelet aggregation. Pharmacologic studies had suggested a role for PAF in pregnancy, neuronal cell migration, anaphylaxis, and endotoxic shock. Here we show that disruption of the PAF receptor gene in mice caused a marked reduction in systemic anaphylactic symptoms. Unexpectedly, however, the PAF receptor-deficient mice developed normally, were fertile, and remained sensitive to bacterial endotoxin. These mutant mice clearly show that PAF plays a dominant role in eliciting anaphylaxis, but that it is not essential for reproduction, brain development, or endotoxic shock.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ishii
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113, Japan
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21
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Koike Y, Yoneyama A, Shirai J, Ishida T, Shoda E, Miyazaki K, Sunaga S, Horie R, Aoki K, Koike K, Ogata I, Tahara T, Kato T, Nakahara K, Kariya T, Higashihara M. Evaluation of thrombopoiesis in thrombocytopenic disorders by simultaneous measurement of reticulated platelets of whole blood and serum thrombopoietin concentrations. Thromb Haemost 1998; 79:1106-10. [PMID: 9657432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
To evaluate thrombopoiesis in thrombocytopenic disorders, we simultaneously determined reticulated platelet counts in whole blood by FACScan flow cytometry and serum thrombopoietin (TPO) concentrations by a sensitive sandwich ELISA. The subjects were 40 healthy volunteers and 45 thrombocytopenic patients. In idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), the percentage of reticulated platelets was significantly elevated (5.61 +/- 2.02%: mean +/- SD) relative to normal controls (2.17 +/- 0.90%), but serum TPO concentrations (1.91 +/- 1.27 fmol/l) did not differ significantly from the normal range (1.43 +/- 0.62 fmol/l). The patients with aplastic anemia (AA) had decreased reticulated platelet counts and markedly increased serum TPO concentrations (13.65 +/- 10.64 fmol/l). In thrombocytopenic patients with liver cirrhosis (LC), the absolute number of reticulated platelets (1.65 +/- 1.11 x 10(9)/l) decreased similarly that in AA. However, serum TPO concentrations (1.38 +/- 0.50 fmol/l) did not increase in contrast to AA. Our findings suggested a possible dual mechanism of thrombocytopenia in LC; that is, thrombocytopenia in LC results from the decreased TPO production primarily in the liver adding to an increase in platelet sequestration in the spleen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Koike
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Japan
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22
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Yoshimoto T, Wang CR, Yoneto T, Waki S, Sunaga S, Komagata Y, Mitsuyama M, Miyazaki J, Nariuchi H. Reduced T helper 1 responses in IL-12 p40 transgenic mice. J Immunol 1998; 160:588-94. [PMID: 9551892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the antagonistic effect of IL-12 p40 on IL-12 activity in vivo, we generated transgenic (Tg) mice in which p40 gene was regulated by a liver-specific promoter. Three Tg mouse lines were generated, and they expressed the p40 transgene predominantly in liver. Serum p40 level was extremely high, and it consisted of mainly monomer and homodimer and also of higher m.w. complexes. These Tg mice did not show any apparent phenotypic difference from control littermates in lymphoid cells. Enhancement of NK cell lytic activity in spleen by administration of rIL-12 to these mice was greatly diminished. Ag induced cytokine production was impaired: decreased production of IFN-gamma and increased production of IL-4 and IL-10. Delayed-type hypersensitivity response was also significantly reduced. Moreover, these Tg mice showed increased susceptibility to the infection with an intracellular pathogen, blood-stage Plasmodium berghei XAT, which is an irradiation-induced attenuated substrain of P. berghei NK65, presumably due to the decreased IFN-gamma production. These results suggest that p40 functions as an IL-12 antagonist in vivo, and that Th1 responses in p40 Tg mice are significantly reduced. Thus, these Tg mice could be a useful model to evaluate the inhibitory effect of p40 on IL-12-mediated various immune responses in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Yoshimoto
- Department of Allergology, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Japan
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23
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Yoshimoto T, Wang CR, Yoneto T, Waki S, Sunaga S, Komagata Y, Mitsuyama M, Miyazaki JI, Nariuchi H. Reduced T Helper 1 Responses in IL-12 p40 Transgenic Mice. The Journal of Immunology 1998. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.160.2.588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
To investigate the antagonistic effect of IL-12 p40 on IL-12 activity in vivo, we generated transgenic (Tg) mice in which p40 gene was regulated by a liver-specific promoter. Three Tg mouse lines were generated, and they expressed the p40 transgene predominantly in liver. Serum p40 level was extremely high, and it consisted of mainly monomer and homodimer and also of higher m.w. complexes. These Tg mice did not show any apparent phenotypic difference from control littermates in lymphoid cells. Enhancement of NK cell lytic activity in spleen by administration of rIL-12 to these mice was greatly diminished. Ag-induced cytokine production was impaired: decreased production of IFN-γ and increased production of IL-4 and IL-10. Delayed-type hypersensitivity response was also significantly reduced. Moreover, these Tg mice showed increased susceptibility to the infection with an intracellular pathogen, blood-stage Plasmodium berghei XAT, which is an irradiation-induced attenuated substrain of P. berghei NK65, presumably due to the decreased IFN-γ production. These results suggest that p40 functions as an IL-12 antagonist in vivo, and that Th1 responses in p40 Tg mice are significantly reduced. Thus, these Tg mice could be a useful model to evaluate the inhibitory effect of p40 on IL-12-mediated various immune responses in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takayuki Yoshimoto
- *Department of Allergology, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chrong-Reen Wang
- *Department of Allergology, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshihiko Yoneto
- *Department of Allergology, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Seiji Waki
- †Gunma Prefectural College of Health Sciences, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Shinji Sunaga
- ‡Department of Molecular Embryology, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan; and
| | - Yoshinori Komagata
- ‡Department of Molecular Embryology, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan; and
| | - Masao Mitsuyama
- §Department of Bacteriology, School of Medicine, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Jun-ichi Miyazaki
- ‡Department of Molecular Embryology, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan; and
| | - Hideo Nariuchi
- *Department of Allergology, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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24
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Iso-O N, Hashimoto N, Tanaka A, Sunaga S, Oka T, Kurokawa K, Watanabe T. Cytokine-induced hypoalbuminemia in a patient with hemophagocytic syndrome: direct in vitro evidence for the role of tumor necrosis factor-alpha. Dig Dis Sci 1998; 43:67-73. [PMID: 9508537 DOI: 10.1023/a:1018871920247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- N Iso-O
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Japan
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25
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Takeuchi T, Ueki T, Sunaga S, Ikuta K, Sasaki Y, Li B, Moriyama N, Miyazaki J, Kawabe K. Murine interleukin 4 transgenic heart allograft survival prolonged with down-regulation of the Th1 cytokine mRNA in grafts. Transplantation 1997; 64:152-7. [PMID: 9233716 DOI: 10.1097/00007890-199707150-00026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Data supporting the differential activation of T helper (Th) 2 cells in transplantation acceptance/tolerance in rodents have been presented by several investigators. However, the differential activation of Th2 cells may be simply the result of allograft acceptance/tolerance induction instead of a contribution to the maintenance of grafts. METHODS Therefore, we established interleukin (IL)-4 transgenic mice under the control of a cardiac alpha-myosin heavy chain promotor and transplanted IL-4-expressing heart allografts into unmodified recipients to determine the actual contribution of the Th2 bias to allograft acceptance. RESULTS Among 16 newborn C57BL/6J (B6) mice, three were positive for the IL-4 transgene. Serum IL-4 levels of transgenic versus control B6xC3H F1 mice were not statistically different. Reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction showed that the transgenic B6xC3H F1 mice expressed IL-4 mRNA in the heart and in the lung, whereas control mice did not express IL-4 in any organ. IL-4 mRNA expression in the transgenic but not in the control heart was also confirmed by RNAse protection assay and fluorescence in situ hybridization. The survival of IL-4 transgenic B6xC3H heart grafts heterotopically placed in C3H recipients was prolonged compared with that of nontransgenic grafts (19.0+/-9.1 vs. 6.8+/-2.2 days, P=0.003). Interferon-gamma mRNA expression in IL-4 transgenic heart grafts on the fifth posttransplant day as assessed by Northern blotting was suppressed compared with that in control grafts. Reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction analysis showed that IL-2 mRNA was suppressed in the IL-4 transgenic grafts compared with that in control grafts, while IL-4 mRNA was observed only in IL-4 transgenic grafts. IL-10 mRNA was detected at similar levels in both transgenic and control grafts. CONCLUSIONS A Th2 bias may contribute to allograft acceptance in part by inducing the down-regulation of Th1-cytokine mRNAs, but it may not be sufficient to induce indefinite graft survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Takeuchi
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
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26
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Sakagami H, Satoh K, Fukuchi K, Kadofuku T, Gomi K, Nakamura K, Kuribayashi N, Sunaga S, Hirota N, Iida M, Makino Y, Kojima T, Shimura H, Takeda M. Effect of methionine depletion on growth and apoptosis in various tumor cell lines. Anticancer Res 1997; 17:2407-10. [PMID: 9252655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Sodium ascorbate, sodium 5,6-benzylidene-L-ascorbate (SBA), gallic acid and caffeic acid induced apoptotic cell death in human myelogenous leukemic cell lines, and stimulated oxidation of methionine into methionine sulfoxide in the culture medium. When various tumor cell lines were cultured in methionine-free medium, their growth was nearly terminated at G1 phase of the cell cycle, producing much smaller number of apoptotic cells. Addition of methionine sulfoxide to the methionine-free medium did not stimulate the apoptosis induction. These data suggest that induction of apoptosis by ascorbates, gallate or by caffeate cannot be simply explained by methionine oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Sakagami
- Department of Biochemistry, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
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27
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Sunaga S, Maki K, Komagata Y, Miyazaki J, Ikuta K. Developmentally ordered V-J recombination in mouse T cell receptor gamma locus is not perturbed by targeted deletion of the Vgamma4 gene. The Journal of Immunology 1997. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.158.9.4223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Mouse TCR gamma genes in the gamma1 cluster are arranged in the order of Vgamma5, Vgamma2, Vgamma4, Vgamma3, Jgamma1, and Cgamma1 on the chromosome. During thymic ontogeny, each Vgamma gene recombines with the Jgamma1 gene in the order of proximity to Jgamma1. To explore the mechanism of the ordered recombination, we generated Vgamma4-deficient mice by gene targeting and the Cre/loxP system, by deleting the 4.8-kb DNA region between 3' of the Vgamma2 and 3' of the Vgamma4. In semiquantitative PCR analysis, Vgamma2-Jgamma1 recombination was detected frequently in adult thymus, while Vgamma3-Jgamma1 recombination preferentially occurred in fetal thymus of the mutant mice. There was no difference in the frequency of V-J recombinations between control and mutant mice. Southern blot analysis also revealed that recombination of the Vgamma2 gene occurred as frequently as in control mice. In addition, there was no difference in the levels of germline transcripts of Vgamma2 and Vgamma3 genes between control and mutant mice. Therefore, regulation of the Vgamma-Jgamma recombination was not affected by deletion of the Vgamma4 gene. These results suggest that the ordered recombination is controlled by regulatory elements near each Vgamma gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Sunaga
- Department of Disease-Related Gene Regulation Research (Sandoz), Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - K Maki
- Department of Disease-Related Gene Regulation Research (Sandoz), Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Y Komagata
- Department of Disease-Related Gene Regulation Research (Sandoz), Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - J Miyazaki
- Department of Disease-Related Gene Regulation Research (Sandoz), Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - K Ikuta
- Department of Disease-Related Gene Regulation Research (Sandoz), Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Japan
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28
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Sunaga S, Maki K, Komagata Y, Miyazaki J, Ikuta K. Developmentally ordered V-J recombination in mouse T cell receptor gamma locus is not perturbed by targeted deletion of the Vgamma4 gene. J Immunol 1997; 158:4223-8. [PMID: 9126983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Mouse TCR gamma genes in the gamma1 cluster are arranged in the order of Vgamma5, Vgamma2, Vgamma4, Vgamma3, Jgamma1, and Cgamma1 on the chromosome. During thymic ontogeny, each Vgamma gene recombines with the Jgamma1 gene in the order of proximity to Jgamma1. To explore the mechanism of the ordered recombination, we generated Vgamma4-deficient mice by gene targeting and the Cre/loxP system, by deleting the 4.8-kb DNA region between 3' of the Vgamma2 and 3' of the Vgamma4. In semiquantitative PCR analysis, Vgamma2-Jgamma1 recombination was detected frequently in adult thymus, while Vgamma3-Jgamma1 recombination preferentially occurred in fetal thymus of the mutant mice. There was no difference in the frequency of V-J recombinations between control and mutant mice. Southern blot analysis also revealed that recombination of the Vgamma2 gene occurred as frequently as in control mice. In addition, there was no difference in the levels of germline transcripts of Vgamma2 and Vgamma3 genes between control and mutant mice. Therefore, regulation of the Vgamma-Jgamma recombination was not affected by deletion of the Vgamma4 gene. These results suggest that the ordered recombination is controlled by regulatory elements near each Vgamma gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Sunaga
- Department of Disease-Related Gene Regulation Research (Sandoz), Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Japan
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29
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Sunaga S, Maki K, Komagata Y, Ikuta K, Miyazaki JI. Efficient removal of loxP-flanked DNA sequences in a gene-targeted locus by transient expression of Cre recombinase in fertilized eggs. Mol Reprod Dev 1997; 46:109-13. [PMID: 9021742 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1098-2795(199702)46:2<109::aid-mrd1>3.0.co;2-u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The bacteriophage P1 Cre/loxP site-specific recombination system is a useful tool for engineering chromosomal changes in animal cells. Transient expression of the Cre recombinase gene directly introduced into fertilized eggs by pronuclear injection has been reported to provide an efficient method of transgene modulation in fertilized eggs. In the present study, we examined the efficacy of this method to remove loxP-flanked DNA sequences in a gene-targeted locus in fertilized eggs. We replaced a part of the T-cell receptor gamma (TCR V gamma) locus with homologous sequences containing a loxP-flanked neogene in mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells by gene-targeting technique. The resulting ES cell clones containing the mutant allele (V gamma LNL) were used to generate chimeric mice by blastocyst injection. Eight male chimeras were bred with superovulated wild-type female mice. One hundred and seventy-six fertilized eggs were collected, and subjected to pronuclear injection of the Cre expression plasmid, pCAGGS-Cre, of a covalently closed circular form. Three out of 11 pups inherited the targeted V gamma locus. The inherited targeted allele of these 3 mice was shown to have undergone Cre-mediated recombination, resulting in a deletion of the loxP-flanked sequences (V gamma delta) as shown by Southern blot analysis of DNA from tail biopsies. All 3 founder mutant mice were capable of transmitting the V gamma delta locus to their offspring. The other 8 pups carried only wild-type alleles. There were no pups carrying the unrecombined V gamma LNL locus. Thus, the frequency of Cre-mediated recombination was 100% (3/3) with this method. In contrast, when closed circular pCAGGS-Cre plasmid was introduced into ES cells by electroporation, the recombination frequency of the V gamma LNL locus was 9.6%. These results indicated that our system based on transient expression of the Cre recombinase gene directly introduced into fertilized eggs by pronuclear injection provides a fast and efficient method for generating mutant mice with desired deletions or translocations in target genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Sunaga
- Department of Disease-Related Gene Regulation Research (Sandoz), Tokyo, Japan
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30
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Sunaga S, Maki K, Lagasse E, Blanco JC, Ozato K, Miyazaki J, Ikuta K. Myeloid differentiation is impaired in transgenic mice with targeted expression of a dominant negative form of retinoid X receptor beta. Br J Haematol 1997; 96:19-30. [PMID: 9012684 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2141.1997.8692483.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the in vivo function of retinoid X receptor (RXR) on myelopoiesis, We generated transgenic (Tg) mice with targeted expression of a dominant negative form of RXR beta in myeloid cells. In these Tg mice the transgene is expected to suppress the function of hetero dimeric receptors composed of RXR and its counterparts, such as retinoic acid receptor. Out of 12 mice analysed, one Tg mouse exhibited a severe maturation arrest at the promyelocytic stage. Three other Tg mice showed a mild inhibition of myeloid differentiation, which was further augmented when mice were treated with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). Furthermore, four Tg mice showed impaired myeloid differentiation in response to the treatment by 5-FU on granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF), although they exhibited apparently normal myelopoiesis in the untreated state. The phenotype of Tg mice observed after G-CSF treatment correlated with the expression level of the transgene, although the correlation was not found in untreated mice. These results indicated that myeloid differentiation is perturbed in the Tg mice by the dominant negative effect of the transgenic RXR, indicating that RXR plays a role in myelopoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Sunaga
- Department of Disease-related Gene Regulation Research (Sandoz), Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Japan
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31
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Abstract
IL-7R-deficient mice have severely impaired expansion of early lymphocytes and lack gamma delta T cells. To elucidate the role of IL-7R on gamma delta T cell development, we analyzed the rearrangements of TCR-alpha, beta, gamma, and delta genes in the thymus of the IL-7R-deficient mice. Southern blot analysis with a J gamma 1 probe revealed that more than 70% of J gamma 1 and J gamma 2 alleles are recombined to form distinct V gamma 1.2-J gamma 2 and V gamma 2-J gamma 1 fragments in control mice. On the contrary, no such recombination was detected in the mutant mice. The rearrangements in the TCR-alpha, beta, and delta loci were comparably observed in control and mutant mice. PCR analysis indicated that the V-J recombination of all the V gamma genes is severely hampered in the mutant mice. The mRNA of RAG-1, RAG-2, Ku-80, and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) genes was equally detected between control and mutant thymi, suggesting that the expression of common recombination machinery is not affected. These data demonstrated that the V-J recombination of the TCR gamma genes is specifically blocked in the IL-7R-deficient mice and suggested the presence of highly specific regulation for TCR gamma gene rearrangement.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antigens, CD/metabolism
- Antigens, CD/physiology
- DNA Primers
- DNA-Binding Proteins
- Exons
- Gene Rearrangement, gamma-Chain T-Cell Antigen Receptor
- Heterozygote
- Homeodomain Proteins
- Homozygote
- Immunoglobulin Joining Region/genetics
- Immunoglobulin Variable Region/genetics
- Mice
- Mice, Transgenic
- Phosphoglycerate Kinase/biosynthesis
- Phosphoglycerate Kinase/genetics
- Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Protein Biosynthesis
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta/biosynthesis
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta/genetics
- Receptors, Interleukin/metabolism
- Receptors, Interleukin/physiology
- Receptors, Interleukin-7
- Recombination, Genetic
- T-Lymphocytes/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- K Maki
- Department of Disease-related Gene Regulation Research (Sandoz), Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Japan
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32
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Watanabe T, Sunaga S, Togo M, Satoh H, Higashihara M, Hashimoto Y, Kurokawa K. Protein kinase C plays a key role in the cross-talk between intracellular signalings via prostanoid receptors in a megakaryoblastic cell line, MEG-01s. Biochim Biophys Acta 1996; 1304:161-9. [PMID: 8954139 DOI: 10.1016/s0005-2760(96)00111-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
In a previous study, we characterized prostanoid and thrombin receptors expressed on a megakaryoblastic cell line, MEG-01s (Blood 78, 2328-2336, 1991). In this study, we examines the mechanism of cross-talk between intracellular Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) and cAMP signalings through prostanoid and thrombin receptors. Addition of a thromboxane (TX)A2 mimetic (U46619 or STA2) or thrombin stimulated the formation of inositol phosphates and dose-dependently augmented a prostaglandin (PG)I2 mimetic (iloprost)- or forskolin-induced cAMP formation. 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) and ionomycin, to lesser extent, also augmented iloprost-induced cAMP formation. The enhancing effect of U46619 or TPA on cAMP formation was inhibited by prolonged pretreatment of the cells with TPA (2.5 microM, 24 h), but not with calmodulin-antagonists; W-7, W-5, or KN-62. The elevation of [Ca2+]i induced by thrombin, STA2 or PGE2 was significantly suppressed by pretreatment of the cells with TPA (100 nM) as well as cAMP mimetics such as dibutyryl cAMP (5 mM), forskolin (5 microM) and iloprost (1 microM). These results suggest the key role of PKC on the cross-talk between [Ca2+]i and cAMP signalings through prostanoid and thrombin receptors; PKC, which is activated with TXA2 or thrombin, concomitantly suppress further [Ca2+]i elevation and enhances the PGI2 receptor-mediated cAMP formation, which, in turn, suppress [Ca2+]i elevation.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Watanabe
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Japan
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33
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Maki K, Sunaga S, Komagata Y, Kodaira Y, Mabuchi A, Karasuyama H, Yokomuro K, Miyazaki JI, Ikuta K. Interleukin 7 receptor-deficient mice lack gammadelta T cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1996; 93:7172-7. [PMID: 8692964 PMCID: PMC38955 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.93.14.7172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 270] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The interleukin 7 receptor (IL-7R) plays a crucial role in early B- and T-cell development. It consists of a unique a chain and a common gamma chain [IL-2 receptor gamma chain (IL-2Rgamma)]. Gene inactivation of IL-7, IL-7R, and IL-2Rgamma resulted in severe impairment of B and T lymphopoiesis in mice. In addition, IL-2Rgamma-deficient mice lack gammadelta T cells in the skin and have the impaired development of natural killer (NK) cells and intraepithelial lymphocytes. To explore the role of IL-7/IL-7R system in gammadelta T- and NK-cell development, we have generated and analyzed IL-7R-deficient mice. gammadelta T cells were absent from skin, gut, liver, and spleen in the deficient mice. In contrast, alphabeta T and B cells were detected in reduced, but certain, numbers, and NK cells developed normally. The gammadelta T-cell development in fetal and adult thymus was also completely blocked. These results clearly demonstrate that the signal from IL-7R is indispensable for gammadelta T-cell development in both thymic and extrathymic pathways. On the contrary, it is suggested that NK-cell development requires cytokine(s) other than IL-7.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antigens, CD/genetics
- Antigens, CD/physiology
- B-Lymphocytes/immunology
- Base Sequence
- Crosses, Genetic
- DNA Primers
- Embryo, Mammalian
- Flow Cytometry
- Genomic Library
- Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes/genetics
- Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes/immunology
- Intestines/immunology
- Killer Cells, Natural/immunology
- Liver/immunology
- Lymphocytes/immunology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Inbred Strains
- Mice, Mutant Strains
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta
- Receptors, Interleukin/genetics
- Receptors, Interleukin/physiology
- Receptors, Interleukin-7
- Restriction Mapping
- Skin/immunology
- Spleen/immunology
- Stem Cells
- T-Lymphocytes/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- K Maki
- Department of Disease-Related Gene Regulation Research (Sandoz) Faculty of Medicine, The Univerisity of Tokyo, Japan
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34
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Yoshida T, Ikuta K, Sugaya H, Maki K, Takagi M, Kanazawa H, Sunaga S, Kinashi T, Yoshimura K, Miyazaki J, Takaki S, Takatsu K. Defective B-1 cell development and impaired immunity against Angiostrongylus cantonensis in IL-5R alpha-deficient mice. Immunity 1996; 4:483-94. [PMID: 8630733 DOI: 10.1016/s1074-7613(00)80414-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
We generated interleukin-5 receptor alpha chain (IL-5R alpha)-deficient (IL-5R alpha-/-) mice by gene targeting. The IL-5R alpha-/- mice showed decreased numbers of B-1 cells concomitant with low serum concentrations of IgM and IgG3. They showed no IL-5-induced enhancement of B cell responses to T-independent antigens. The number of alpha beta T cell receptor-positive thymocytes tended to decrease in 3-week-old IL-5R alpha-/- mice, returning to normal by 6 weeks of age. The IL-5R alpha-/- mice produced basal levels of eosinophils, while their bone marrow cells failed to form eosinophilic colonies in response to IL-5. Impaired eosinophilopoiesis in IL-5R alpha-/-mice enhanced the survival of Angiostrongylus cantonensis. These results indicate that IL-5-induced eosinophils serve as potent effector cells in the killing of Angiostrongylus cantonensis in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Yoshida
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Japan
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35
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Kataoka Y, Yamashita T, Sunaga S, Imada Y, Ishikawa H, Kishima M, Nakazawa M. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the detection of antibody against Streptococcus suis type 2 in infected pigs. J Vet Med Sci 1996; 58:369-72. [PMID: 8741273 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.58.369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
An ELISA test for the detection of antibody against S. suis type 2 in pigs was developed and applied to field sera. The best sensitivity and specificity of ELISA were obtained when a purified polysaccharide antigen was used. It showed no cross reaction with sera against other serotypes of S. suis and other pathogenic bacteria. A total of 264 sera were collected from 20 pig farms and examined with the antibody against S. suis type 2. In the affected farms, 17.0% of pigs tested were positive, 9.8% in the adjacent farms, but only 3.4% in the free farms. The difference of the positive percentages between the affected and the free farms was statistically significant (P < 0.05).
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Kataoka
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Nippon Veterinary and Animal Science University, Musashino, Japan
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36
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Tange T, Hasegawa Y, Oka T, Sunaga S, Higashihara M, Matsuo K, Miyazaki H, Shimosaka A, Okano A, Todokoro K. Establishment and characterization of a new human mesothelioma cell line (T-85) from malignant peritoneal mesothelioma with remarkable thrombocytosis. Pathol Int 1995; 45:791-800. [PMID: 8581142 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1827.1995.tb03399.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
A mesothelioma cell line, termed T-85, was established from a patient with malignant peritoneal mesothelioma and remarkable thrombocytosis (1.4 x 10(6)/mm3). Electron microscopically, two types of mesothelioma cells have been characterized; the major type of cells with dense-cored granules in the cytoplasm and the minor one with evenly dense granules. Immunologically, the cells showed staining for interleukin-6 (IL-6), cytokeratin, collagen type IV, vimentin, laminin, fibronectin and Factor VIII-related antigen. Quantitation by ELISA revealed a high concentration of IL-6 in T-85 cell culture supernatants. RT-polymerase chain reaction of T-85 cells showed two positive bands of cDNA at 628 and 251 base pairs indicating the constitutive expression of IL-6 and IL-6 receptor mRNA. Moreover, prominent pro-platelet process formation activity in T-85 cell culture supernatants indicated the presence of a thrombopoietic activity due mainly to IL-6 but not the c-Mpl ligand or erythropoietin. However, the fact that 15% of PPF activity remained in the supernatants treated with anti-IL-6 antibody indicated the presence of another thrombopoietic substance. T-85 is so far the first mesothelioma cell line derived from a case with remarkable thrombocytosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Tange
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Japan
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37
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Abstract
The Kabuki make-up syndrome is characterized by peculiar cranio-facial abnormalities, including cleft lip and palate. A case with velopharyngeal incompetence in a 7-year-old boy is reported. The significance of a possible association of this syndrome with congenital velopharyngeal incompetence is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Lan
- First Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
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38
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Abstract
BACKGROUND A high prevalence of thrombocytosis in malignant mesothelioma has been reported, although its pathogenesis remains unknown. METHODS The case of a patient with marked thrombocytosis in peritoneal malignant mesothelioma is reported. To investigate the cytokines responsible for thrombocytosis in this patient, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and immunohistochemical analysis were used. RESULTS Tumor cells produced large amounts of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and small amounts of granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and monocyte colony stimulating factor (M-CSF). Immunocytochemical staining of tumor cells showed strong positivity for IL-6. CONCLUSIONS These results indicated that persistent secretion of IL-6 promoted thrombogenesis in this patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Higashihara
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Japan
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Watanabe T, Yatomi Y, Sunaga S, Miki I, Ishii A, Nakao A, Higashihara M, Seyama Y, Ogura M, Saito H. Characterization of prostaglandin and thromboxane receptors expressed on a megakaryoblastic leukemia cell line, MEG-01s. Blood 1991; 78:2328-36. [PMID: 1718495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
MEG-01s, an established human megakaryoblastic leukemia cell line, exhibited specific high-affinity binding sites for [3H]iloprost, a stable prostaglandin (PG) I2 analogue, for [3H]SQ-29548, a stable thromboxane (TX) A2 antagonist and, for [3H]PGE2/PGE1, but not for [3H]PGD2. In the MEG-01s cells, iloprost/PGI2, or PGE1 stimulated cAMP production with ED50 values practically identical to the IC50 values for the [3H] iloprost binding. STA2 and U46619, TXA2/PGH2 agonists, PGE2/PGE1, iloprost/PGI2, and thrombin elevated the intracellular concentrations of Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i), as determined by Fura-2 fluorescence signals. Elevation of [Ca2+]i by PGE2/PGE1 and iloprost, but not that by TX-agonists or thrombin, was totally dependent on the presence of extracellular Ca2+. This effect by PGE2/PGE1 was partially inhibited by prior treatment of the cells with islet-activating protein (IAP), while that by TX-agonists or by PGI2/iloprost was not affected. We tentatively conclude from these results that: (1) MEG-01s cells express (a) PGI2/PGE1 receptor(s) coupled to adenylate cyclase and Ca2+ influx, a TXA2/PGH2 receptor coupled to the phosphatidylinositol-turnover-Ca2+ system, and the PGE2/PGE1 receptor coupled to Ca2+ influx; (2) the receptors for TXA2/PGH2 and iloprost and those for PGE2/PGE1 and thrombin are coupled to IAP-insensitive and IAP-sensitive GTP-binding proteins, respectively, and function in a different manner to elevate [Ca2+]i. Thus, the MEG-01s cell line is a pertinent model for studying eicosanoid receptor-mediated signal transduction in platelet/megakaryocyte systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Watanabe
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Japan
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40
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Moriya K, Miura N, Sunaga S, Horie R, Aoki K, Yatomi Y, Yoneyama A, Higashihara M, Tanabe A, Nakahara K. [Acute leukemia successfully treated with natural interferon-alpha]. Rinsho Ketsueki 1991; 32:170-2. [PMID: 2027243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Natural interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) alone was administered to a 42-year-old man with acute leukemia, whose bone marrow revealed hypocellularity (NCC = 6 X 10(4)/microliters) and a 50% increase in blasts. Initial chemotherapy regimens, including BHAC-DMP or low dose Ara-C were ineffective. One month after starting nIFN-alpha therapy, the blasts in his bone marrow decreased below 3% and peripheral blood cell counts became normal. He has been in remission for at least 7 months.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Moriya
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo
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41
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Tatsuno M, Sunaga S. [The effect of electroconvulsive seizure on the brain development of neonatal rats]. No To Hattatsu 1986; 18:207-11. [PMID: 3707767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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42
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Uchida T, Inoue M, Mukai Y, Suzuki Y, Sasa R, Sunaga S. [Dental findings in a case of Cornelia de Lange's syndrome]. Showa Shigakkai Zasshi 1985; 5:160-6. [PMID: 3869323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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43
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Tatsuno M, Sunaga S. [Effect of valproic acid on the brain development of newborn rats]. No To Hattatsu 1985; 17:398-404. [PMID: 3935143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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44
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Sato Y, Sunaga S. [Effect of theophylline on brain development in the perinatal period]. No To Hattatsu 1984; 16:456-62. [PMID: 6518119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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45
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Takagi Y, Sunaga S. [Experimental study of brain development in the perinatal period--effects of anoxia and dexamethasone on thymidine kinase activity and DNA synthesis]. No To Hattatsu 1983; 15:381-9. [PMID: 6661323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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46
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Sunaga S, Horiuchi N, Takahashi N, Okuyama K, Suda T. The site of 1 alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 production in pregnancy. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1979; 90:948-55. [PMID: 508355 DOI: 10.1016/0006-291x(79)91919-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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