1
|
Higuchi Y, Ogata T, Nakanishi N, Nishi M, Tsuji Y, Tomita S, Conway SJ, Matoba S. Cavin-2 promotes fibroblast-to-myofibroblast trans-differentiation and aggravates cardiac fibrosis. ESC Heart Fail 2024; 11:167-178. [PMID: 37872863 PMCID: PMC10804157 DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.14571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) signalling is one of the critical pathways in fibroblast activation, and several drugs targeting the TGF-β/Smad signalling pathway in heart failure with cardiac fibrosis are being tested in clinical trials. Some caveolins and cavins, which are components of caveolae on the plasma membrane, are known for their association with the regulation of TGF-β signalling. Cavin-2 is particularly abundant in fibroblasts; however, the detailed association between Cavin-2 and cardiac fibrosis is still unclear. We tried to clarify the involvement and role of Cavin-2 in fibroblasts and cardiac fibrosis. METHODS AND RESULTS To clarify the role of Cavin-2 in cardiac fibrosis, we performed transverse aortic constriction (TAC) operations on four types of mice: wild-type (WT), Cavin-2 null (Cavin-2 KO), Cavin-2flox/flox , and activated fibroblast-specific Cavin-2 conditional knockout (Postn-Cre/Cavin-2flox/flox , Cavin-2 cKO) mice. We collected mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) from WT and Cavin-2 KO mice and investigated the effect of Cavin-2 in fibroblast trans-differentiation into myofibroblasts and associated TGF-β signalling. Four weeks after TAC, cardiac fibrotic areas in both the Cavin-2 KO and the Cavin-2 cKO mice were significantly decreased compared with each control group (WT 8.04 ± 1.58% vs. Cavin-2 KO 0.40 ± 0.03%, P < 0.01; Cavin-2flox/flox , 7.19 ± 0.50% vs. Cavin-2 cKO 0.88 ± 0.44%, P < 0.01). Fibrosis-associated mRNA expression (Col1a1, Ctgf, and Col3) was significantly attenuated in the Cavin-2 KO mice after TAC. α1 type I collagen deposition and non-vascular αSMA-positive cells (WT 43.5 ± 2.4% vs. Cavin-2 KO 25.4 ± 3.2%, P < 0.01) were reduced in the heart of the Cavin-2 cKO mice after TAC operation. The levels of αSMA protein (0.36-fold, P < 0.05) and fibrosis-associated mRNA expression (Col1a1, 0.69-fold, P < 0.01; Ctgf, 0.27-fold, P < 0.01; Col3, 0.60-fold, P < 0.01) were decreased in the Cavin-2 KO MEFs compared with the WT MEFs. On the other hand, αSMA protein levels were higher in the Cavin-2 overexpressed MEFs compared with the control MEFs (2.40-fold, P < 0.01). TGF-β1-induced Smad2 phosphorylation was attenuated in the Cavin-2 KO MEFs compared with WT MEFs (0.60-fold, P < 0.01). Heat shock protein 90 protein levels were significantly reduced in the Cavin-2 KO MEFs compared with the WT MEFs (0.69-fold, P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Cavin-2 loss suppressed fibroblast trans-differentiation into myofibroblasts through the TGF-β/Smad signalling. The loss of Cavin-2 in cardiac fibroblasts suppresses cardiac fibrosis and may maintain cardiac function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Higuchi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical ScienceKyoto Prefectural University of MedicineKyotoJapan
| | - Takehiro Ogata
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical ScienceKyoto Prefectural University of MedicineKyotoJapan
- Department of Pathology and Cell Regulation, Graduate School of Medical ScienceKyoto Prefectural University of MedicineKyotoJapan
| | - Naohiko Nakanishi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical ScienceKyoto Prefectural University of MedicineKyotoJapan
| | - Masahiro Nishi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical ScienceKyoto Prefectural University of MedicineKyotoJapan
| | - Yumika Tsuji
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical ScienceKyoto Prefectural University of MedicineKyotoJapan
| | - Shinya Tomita
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical ScienceKyoto Prefectural University of MedicineKyotoJapan
| | - Simon J. Conway
- Herman B. Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Department of PediatricsIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisINUSA
| | - Satoaki Matoba
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical ScienceKyoto Prefectural University of MedicineKyotoJapan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kawaguchi S, Moukette B, Sepúlveda MN, Hayasaka T, Aonuma T, Haskell AK, Mah J, Liangpunsakul S, Tang Y, Conway SJ, Kim IM. SPRR1A is a key downstream effector of MiR-150 during both maladaptive cardiac remodeling in mice and human cardiac fibroblast activation. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:446. [PMID: 37468478 PMCID: PMC10356860 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-05982-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNA-150 (miR-150) is conserved between rodents and humans, is significantly downregulated during heart failure (HF), and correlates with patient outcomes. We previously reported that miR-150 is protective during myocardial infarction (MI) in part by decreasing cardiomyocyte (CM) apoptosis and that proapoptotic small proline-rich protein 1a (Sprr1a) is a direct CM target of miR-150. We also showed that Sprr1a knockdown in mice improves cardiac dysfunction and fibrosis post-MI and that Sprr1a is upregulated in pathological mouse cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) from ischemic myocardium. However, the direct functional relationship between miR-150 and SPRR1A during both post-MI remodeling in mice and human CF (HCF) activation was not established. Here, using a novel miR-150 knockout;Sprr1a-hypomorphic (Sprr1ahypo/hypo) mouse model, we demonstrate that Sprr1a knockdown blunts adverse post-MI effects caused by miR-150 loss. Moreover, HCF studies reveal that SPRR1A is upregulated in hypoxia/reoxygenation-treated HCFs and is downregulated in HCFs exposed to the cardioprotective β-blocker carvedilol, which is inversely associated with miR-150 expression. Significantly, we show that the protective roles of miR-150 in HCFs are directly mediated by functional repression of profibrotic SPRR1A. These findings delineate a pivotal functional interaction between miR-150 and SPRR1A as a novel regulatory mechanism pertinent to CF activation and ischemic HF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Kawaguchi
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology, and Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Bruno Moukette
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology, and Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Internal Medicine Research Unit, Pfizer Inc., Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Marisa N Sepúlveda
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology, and Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Taiki Hayasaka
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology, and Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Tatsuya Aonuma
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology, and Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Nephrology, Pulmonology, and Neurology, Department of Internal Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Angela K Haskell
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology, and Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Jessica Mah
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology, and Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Suthat Liangpunsakul
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Yaoliang Tang
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Simon J Conway
- Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Il-Man Kim
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology, and Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
- Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
- Krannert Cardiovascular Research Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Nunomura S, Uta D, Kitajima I, Nanri Y, Matsuda K, Ejiri N, Kitajima M, Ikemitsu H, Koga M, Yamamoto S, Honda Y, Takedomi H, Andoh T, Conway SJ, Izuhara K. Periostin activates distinct modules of inflammation and itching downstream of the type 2 inflammation pathway. Cell Rep 2023; 42:111933. [PMID: 36610396 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic relapsing skin disease accompanied by recurrent itching. Although type 2 inflammation is dominant in allergic skin inflammation, it is not fully understood how non-type 2 inflammation co-exists with type 2 inflammation or how type 2 inflammation causes itching. We have recently established the FADS mouse, a mouse model of AD. In FADS mice, either genetic disruption or pharmacological inhibition of periostin, a downstream molecule of type 2 inflammation, inhibits NF-κB activation in keratinocytes, leading to downregulating eczema, epidermal hyperplasia, and infiltration of neutrophils, without regulating the enhanced type 2 inflammation. Moreover, inhibition of periostin blocks spontaneous firing of superficial dorsal horn neurons followed by a decrease in scratching behaviors due to itching. Taken together, periostin links NF-κB-mediated inflammation with type 2 inflammation and promotes itching in allergic skin inflammation, suggesting that periostin is a promising therapeutic target for AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Nunomura
- Division of Medical Biochemistry, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Saga Medical School, 5-1-1, Nabeshima, Saga 849-8501, Japan.
| | - Daisuke Uta
- Department of Applied Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Isao Kitajima
- Department of Clinical Laboratory and Molecular Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Pharmaceutical Science, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Nanri
- Division of Medical Biochemistry, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Saga Medical School, 5-1-1, Nabeshima, Saga 849-8501, Japan
| | - Kosuke Matsuda
- Department of Applied Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Naoko Ejiri
- Department of Clinical Laboratory and Molecular Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Pharmaceutical Science, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Midori Kitajima
- Department of Clinical Laboratory and Molecular Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Pharmaceutical Science, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Ikemitsu
- Division of Medical Biochemistry, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Saga Medical School, 5-1-1, Nabeshima, Saga 849-8501, Japan
| | - Misaki Koga
- Division of Medical Biochemistry, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Saga Medical School, 5-1-1, Nabeshima, Saga 849-8501, Japan
| | - Sayaka Yamamoto
- Division of Medical Biochemistry, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Saga Medical School, 5-1-1, Nabeshima, Saga 849-8501, Japan
| | - Yuko Honda
- Division of Medical Biochemistry, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Saga Medical School, 5-1-1, Nabeshima, Saga 849-8501, Japan
| | - Hironobu Takedomi
- Division of Medical Biochemistry, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Saga Medical School, 5-1-1, Nabeshima, Saga 849-8501, Japan
| | - Tsugunobu Andoh
- Department of Pharmacology and Pathophysiology, College of Pharmacy, Kinjo Gakuin University, Nagoya 463-8521, Japan
| | - Simon J Conway
- Herman B. Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Kenji Izuhara
- Division of Medical Biochemistry, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Saga Medical School, 5-1-1, Nabeshima, Saga 849-8501, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Deng B, Zhang Y, Zhu C, Wang Y, Weatherford E, Xu B, Liu X, Conway SJ, Abel ED, Xiang YK. Divergent Actions of Myofibroblast and Myocyte β 2-Adrenoceptor in Heart Failure and Fibrotic Remodeling. Circ Res 2023; 132:106-108. [PMID: 36458552 PMCID: PMC9985902 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.122.321816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bingqing Deng
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California at Davis (B.D., Y.Z., C.Z., Y.W., B.X., X.L., Y.K.X.)
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California at Davis (B.D., Y.Z., C.Z., Y.W., B.X., X.L., Y.K.X.)
| | - Chaoqun Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California at Davis (B.D., Y.Z., C.Z., Y.W., B.X., X.L., Y.K.X.)
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California at Davis (B.D., Y.Z., C.Z., Y.W., B.X., X.L., Y.K.X.)
| | - Eric Weatherford
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center and Department of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City (E.W., E.D.A.)
| | - Bing Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California at Davis (B.D., Y.Z., C.Z., Y.W., B.X., X.L., Y.K.X.)
- VA Northern California, Mather (B.X., Y.K.X.)
| | - Xianhui Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California at Davis (B.D., Y.Z., C.Z., Y.W., B.X., X.L., Y.K.X.)
| | - Simon J Conway
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine (S.J.C.)
| | - E. Dale Abel
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center and Department of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City (E.W., E.D.A.)
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA (E.D.A.)
| | - Yang K Xiang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California at Davis (B.D., Y.Z., C.Z., Y.W., B.X., X.L., Y.K.X.)
- VA Northern California, Mather (B.X., Y.K.X.)
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Yoshida T, Nagaoka T, Nagata Y, Suzuki Y, Tsutsumi T, Kuriyama S, Watanabe J, Togo S, Takahashi F, Matsushita M, Joki Y, Konishi H, Nunomura S, Izuhara K, Conway SJ, Takahashi K. Periostin-related progression of different types of experimental pulmonary hypertension: A role for M2 macrophage and FGF-2 signalling. Respirology 2022; 27:529-538. [PMID: 35318760 PMCID: PMC9313806 DOI: 10.1111/resp.14249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Background and objective Remodelling of pulmonary arteries (PA) contributes to the progression of pulmonary hypertension (PH). Periostin, a matricellular protein, has been reported to be involved in the development of PH. We examined the role of periostin in the pathogenesis of PH using different types of experimental PH. Methods PH was induced by vascular endothelial growth factor receptor antagonist (Sugen5416) plus hypoxic exposure (SuHx) and venous injection of monocrotaline‐pyrrole (MCT‐P) in wild‐type (WT) and periostin−/− mice. Pulmonary haemodynamics, PA remodelling, expression of chemokines and fibroblast growth factor (FGF)‐2, accumulation of macrophages to small PA and the right ventricle (RV) were examined in PH‐induced WT and periostin−/− mice. Additionally, the role of periostin in the migration of macrophages, human PA smooth muscle (HPASMCs) and endothelial cells (HPMVECs) was investigated. Results In PH induced by SuHx and MCT‐P, PH and accumulation of M2 macrophage to small PA were attenuated in periostin−/− mice. PA remodelling post‐SuHx treatment was also mild in periostin−/− mice compared to WT mice. Expression of macrophage‐associated chemokines and FGF‐2 in lung tissue, and accumulation of CD68‐positive cells in the RV were less in SuHx periostin−/− than in SuHx WT mice. Periostin secretion in HPASMCs and HPMVECs was enhanced by transforming growth factor‐β. Periostin also augmented macrophage, HPASMCs and HPMVECs migration. Separately, serum periostin levels were significantly elevated in patients with PH compared to healthy controls. Conclusion Periostin is involved in the development of different types of experimental PH, and may also contribute to the pathogenesis of human PH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Yoshida
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tetsutaro Nagaoka
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuichi Nagata
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshifumi Suzuki
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeo Tsutsumi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sachiko Kuriyama
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Junko Watanabe
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinsaku Togo
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Fumiyuki Takahashi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masakazu Matsushita
- Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yusuke Joki
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hakuoh Konishi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Nunomura
- Division of Medical Biochemistry, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Saga Medical School, Saga, Japan
| | - Kenji Izuhara
- Division of Medical Biochemistry, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Saga Medical School, Saga, Japan
| | - Simon J Conway
- Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Kazuhisa Takahashi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Humeres C, Shinde AV, Hanna A, Alex L, Hernández SC, Li R, Chen B, Conway SJ, Frangogiannis NG. Smad7 effects on TGF-β and ErbB2 restrain myofibroblast activation and protect from postinfarction heart failure. J Clin Invest 2022; 132:146926. [PMID: 34905511 PMCID: PMC8803336 DOI: 10.1172/jci146926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Repair of the infarcted heart requires TGF-β/Smad3 signaling in cardiac myofibroblasts. However, TGF-β-driven myofibroblast activation needs to be tightly regulated in order to prevent excessive fibrosis and adverse remodeling that may precipitate heart failure. We hypothesized that induction of the inhibitory Smad, Smad7, may restrain infarct myofibroblast activation, and we examined the molecular mechanisms of Smad7 actions. In a mouse model of nonreperfused infarction, Smad3 activation triggered Smad7 synthesis in α-SMA+ infarct myofibroblasts, but not in α-SMA-PDGFRα+ fibroblasts. Myofibroblast-specific Smad7 loss increased heart failure-related mortality, worsened dysfunction, and accentuated fibrosis in the infarct border zone and in the papillary muscles. Smad7 attenuated myofibroblast activation and reduced synthesis of structural and matricellular extracellular matrix proteins. Smad7 effects on TGF-β cascades involved deactivation of Smad2/3 and non-Smad pathways, without any effects on TGF-β receptor activity. Unbiased transcriptomic and proteomic analysis identified receptor tyrosine kinase signaling as a major target of Smad7. Smad7 interacted with ErbB2 in a TGF-β-independent manner and restrained ErbB1/ErbB2 activation, suppressing fibroblast expression of fibrogenic proteases, integrins, and CD44. Smad7 induction in myofibroblasts serves as an endogenous TGF-β-induced negative feedback mechanism that inhibits postinfarction fibrosis by restraining Smad-dependent and Smad-independent TGF-β responses, and by suppressing TGF-β-independent fibrogenic actions of ErbB2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Humeres
- The Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Arti V. Shinde
- The Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Anis Hanna
- The Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Linda Alex
- The Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Silvia C. Hernández
- The Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Ruoshui Li
- The Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Bijun Chen
- The Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Simon J. Conway
- Herman B. Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Nikolaos G. Frangogiannis
- The Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Azzoni E, Frontera V, Anselmi G, Rode C, James C, Deltcheva EM, Demian AS, Brown J, Barone C, Patelli A, Harman JR, Nicholls M, Conway SJ, Morrissey E, Jacobsen SEW, Sparrow DB, Harris AL, Enver T, de Bruijn MFTR. The onset of circulation triggers a metabolic switch required for endothelial to hematopoietic transition. Cell Rep 2021; 37:110103. [PMID: 34910918 PMCID: PMC8692754 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.110103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) emerge during development from the vascular wall of the main embryonic arteries. The onset of circulation triggers several processes that provide critical external factors for HSC generation. Nevertheless, it is not fully understood how and when the onset of circulation affects HSC emergence. Here we show that in Ncx1-/- mouse embryos devoid of circulation the HSC lineage develops until the phenotypic pro-HSC stage. However, these cells reside in an abnormal microenvironment, fail to activate the hematopoietic program downstream of Runx1, and are functionally impaired. Single-cell transcriptomics shows that during the endothelial-to-hematopoietic transition, Ncx1-/- cells fail to undergo a glycolysis to oxidative phosphorylation metabolic switch present in wild-type cells. Interestingly, experimental activation of glycolysis results in decreased intraembryonic hematopoiesis. Our results suggest that the onset of circulation triggers metabolic changes that allow HSC generation to proceed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emanuele Azzoni
- MRC Molecular Hematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK.
| | - Vincent Frontera
- MRC Molecular Hematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Giorgio Anselmi
- MRC Molecular Hematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Christina Rode
- MRC Molecular Hematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Chela James
- Department of Cancer Biology, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, WC1E 6DD, UK
| | - Elitza M Deltcheva
- Department of Cancer Biology, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, WC1E 6DD, UK
| | - Atanasiu S Demian
- MRC WIMM Centre for Computational Biology, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
| | - John Brown
- Department of Cancer Biology, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, WC1E 6DD, UK
| | - Cristiana Barone
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, 20900, Italy
| | - Arianna Patelli
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, 20900, Italy
| | - Joe R Harman
- MRC Molecular Hematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Matthew Nicholls
- MRC Molecular Hematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Simon J Conway
- HB Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, IN 46033, USA
| | - Edward Morrissey
- MRC WIMM Centre for Computational Biology, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Sten Eirik W Jacobsen
- MRC Molecular Hematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Laboratory, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK; Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Wallenberg Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Department of Medicine, Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Duncan B Sparrow
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, BHF Centre of Research Excellence, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3PT, UK
| | - Adrian L Harris
- Department of Oncology, Molecular Oncology Laboratories, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Tariq Enver
- Department of Cancer Biology, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, WC1E 6DD, UK; Division of Molecular Medicine and Gene Therapy, Lund University, Lund, 22184, Sweden
| | - Marella F T R de Bruijn
- MRC Molecular Hematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Abe H, Tanada Y, Omiya S, Podaru MN, Murakawa T, Ito J, Shah AM, Conway SJ, Ono M, Otsu K. NF-κB activation in cardiac fibroblasts results in the recruitment of inflammatory Ly6C hi monocytes in pressure-overloaded hearts. Sci Signal 2021; 14:eabe4932. [PMID: 34637330 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.abe4932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Heart failure is a major public health problem, and inflammation is involved in its pathogenesis. Inflammatory Ly6Chi monocytes accumulate in mouse hearts after pressure overload and are detrimental to the heart; however, the types of cells that drive inflammatory cell recruitment remain uncertain. Here, we showed that a distinct subset of mouse cardiac fibroblasts became activated by pressure overload and recruited Ly6Chi monocytes to the heart. Single-cell sequencing analysis revealed that a subset of cardiac fibroblasts highly expressed genes transcriptionally activated by the transcription factor NF-κB, as well as C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (Ccl2) mRNA, which encodes a major factor in Ly6Chi monocyte recruitment. The deletion of the NF-κB activator IKKβ in activated cardiac fibroblasts attenuated Ly6Chi monocyte recruitment and preserved cardiac function in mice subjected to pressure overload. Pseudotime analysis indicated two single-branch trajectories from quiescent fibroblasts into inflammatory fibroblasts and myofibroblasts. Our results provide insight into the mechanisms underlying cardiac inflammation and fibroblast-mediated inflammatory responses that could be therapeutically targeted to treat heart failure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hajime Abe
- The School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, London SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Yohei Tanada
- The School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, London SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Shigemiki Omiya
- The School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, London SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Mihai-Nicolae Podaru
- The School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, London SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Tomokazu Murakawa
- The School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, London SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Jumpei Ito
- The School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, London SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Ajay M Shah
- The School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, London SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Simon J Conway
- Herman B. Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Masahiro Ono
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Kinya Otsu
- The School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, London SE5 9NU, UK.,National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, 6-1 Kishibe-Shimmachi, Suita, Osaka 564-8565, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Thomas S, Manivannan S, Sawant D, Kodigepalli KM, Garg V, Conway SJ, Lilly B. miR-145 transgenic mice develop cardiopulmonary complications leading to postnatal death. Physiol Rep 2021; 9:e15013. [PMID: 34523259 PMCID: PMC8440944 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Both downregulation and elevation of microRNA miR-145 has been linked to an array of cardiopulmonary phenotypes, and a host of studies suggest that it is an important contributor in governing the differentiation of cardiac and vascular smooth muscle cell types. METHODS AND RESULTS To better understand the role of elevated miR-145 in utero within the cardiopulmonary system, we utilized a transgene to overexpress miR-145 embryonically in mice and examined the consequences of this lineage-restricted enhanced expression. Overexpression of miR-145 has detrimental effects that manifest after birth as overexpressor mice are unable to survive beyond postnatal day 18. The miR-145 expressing mice exhibit respiratory distress and fail to thrive. Gross analysis revealed an enlarged right ventricle, and pulmonary dysplasia with vascular hypertrophy. Single cell sequencing of RNA derived from lungs of control and miR-145 transgenic mice demonstrated that miR-145 overexpression had global effects on the lung with an increase in immune cells and evidence of leukocyte extravasation associated with vascular inflammation. CONCLUSIONS These data provide novel findings that demonstrate a pathological role for miR-145 in the cardiopulmonary system that extends beyond its normal function in governing smooth muscle differentiation.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Animals
- Animals, Newborn
- Cells, Cultured
- Female
- Heart Arrest/genetics
- Heart Arrest/metabolism
- Heart Arrest/mortality
- Humans
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Transgenic
- MicroRNAs/biosynthesis
- MicroRNAs/genetics
- Mortality, Premature
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/pathology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/metabolism
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/pathology
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shelby Thomas
- Center for Cardiovascular Research and The Heart CenterNationwide Children’s HospitalColumbusOhioUSA
| | | | - Dwitiya Sawant
- Center for Cardiovascular Research and The Heart CenterNationwide Children’s HospitalColumbusOhioUSA
| | - Karthik M. Kodigepalli
- Center for Cardiovascular Research and The Heart CenterNationwide Children’s HospitalColumbusOhioUSA
- Department of PediatricsMedical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWIUSA
| | - Vidu Garg
- Center for Cardiovascular Research and The Heart CenterNationwide Children’s HospitalColumbusOhioUSA
- Department of PediatricsThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOhioUSA
| | - Simon J. Conway
- HB Wells Center for Pediatric ResearchIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | - Brenda Lilly
- Center for Cardiovascular Research and The Heart CenterNationwide Children’s HospitalColumbusOhioUSA
- Department of PediatricsThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOhioUSA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zhang W, Conway SJ, Liu Y, Snider P, Chen H, Gao H, Liu Y, Isidan K, Lopez KJ, Campana G, Li P, Ekser B, Francis H, Shou W, Kubal C. Heterogeneity of Hepatic Stellate Cells in Fibrogenesis of the Liver: Insights from Single-Cell Transcriptomic Analysis in Liver Injury. Cells 2021; 10:cells10082129. [PMID: 34440898 PMCID: PMC8391930 DOI: 10.3390/cells10082129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background & Aims: Liver fibrosis is a pathological healing process resulting from hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activation and the generation of myofibroblasts from activated HSCs. The precise underlying mechanisms of liver fibrogenesis are still largely vague due to lack of understanding the functional heterogeneity of activated HSCs during liver injury. Approach and Results: In this study, to define the mechanism of HSC activation, we performed the transcriptomic analysis at single-cell resolution (scRNA-seq) on HSCs in mice treated with carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). By employing LRAT-Cre:Rosa26mT/mG mice, we were able to isolate an activated GFP-positive HSC lineage derived cell population by fluorescence-activated cell sorter (FACS). A total of 8 HSC subpopulations were identified based on an unsupervised analysis. Each HSC cluster displayed a unique transcriptomic profile, despite all clusters expressing common mouse HSC marker genes. We demonstrated that one of the HSC subpopulations expressed high levels of mitosis regulatory genes, velocity, and monocle analysis indicated that these HSCs are at transitioning and proliferating phases at the beginning of HSCs activation and will eventually give rise to several other HSC subtypes. We also demonstrated cell clusters representing HSC-derived mature myofibroblast populations that express myofibroblasts hallmark genes with unique contractile properties. Most importantly, we found a novel HSC cluster that is likely to be critical in liver regeneration, immune reaction, and vascular remodeling, in which the unique profiles of genes such as Rgs5, Angptl6, and Meg3 are highly expressed. Lastly, we demonstrated that the heterogeneity of HSCs in the injured mouse livers is closely similar to that of cirrhotic human livers. Conclusions: Collectively, our scRNA-seq data provided insight into the landscape of activated HSC populations and the dynamic transitional pathway from HSC to myofibroblasts in response to liver injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenjun Zhang
- Division of Transplant Surgery, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Simon J Conway
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Paige Snider
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Hanying Chen
- Genome Editing Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Hongyu Gao
- The Center for Medical Genomics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Yunlong Liu
- The Center for Medical Genomics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Kadir Isidan
- Division of Transplant Surgery, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Kevin J Lopez
- Division of Transplant Surgery, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Gonzalo Campana
- Division of Transplant Surgery, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Ping Li
- Division of Transplant Surgery, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Burcin Ekser
- Division of Transplant Surgery, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Heather Francis
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Weinian Shou
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Kweon HY, Lee MN, Dorfel M, Seo S, Gottlieb L, PaPazyan T, McTiernan N, Ree R, Bolton D, Garcia A, Flory M, Crain J, Sebold A, Lyons S, Ismail A, Marchi E, Sonn SK, Jeong SJ, Jeon S, Ju S, Conway SJ, Kim T, Kim HS, Lee C, Roh TY, Arnesen T, Marmorstein R, Oh GT, Lyon GJ. Naa12 compensates for Naa10 in mice in the amino-terminal acetylation pathway. eLife 2021; 10:e65952. [PMID: 34355692 PMCID: PMC8376253 DOI: 10.7554/elife.65952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Amino-terminal acetylation is catalyzed by a set of N-terminal acetyltransferases (NATs). The NatA complex (including X-linked Naa10 and Naa15) is the major acetyltransferase, with 40-50% of all mammalian proteins being potential substrates. However, the overall role of amino-terminal acetylation on a whole-organism level is poorly understood, particularly in mammals. Male mice lacking Naa10 show no globally apparent in vivo amino-terminal acetylation impairment and do not exhibit complete embryonic lethality. Rather Naa10 nulls display increased neonatal lethality, and the majority of surviving undersized mutants exhibit a combination of hydrocephaly, cardiac defects, homeotic anterior transformation, piebaldism, and urogenital anomalies. Naa12 is a previously unannotated Naa10-like paralog with NAT activity that genetically compensates for Naa10. Mice deficient for Naa12 have no apparent phenotype, whereas mice deficient for Naa10 and Naa12 display embryonic lethality. The discovery of Naa12 adds to the currently known machinery involved in amino-terminal acetylation in mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyae Yon Kweon
- Department of Life Science and College of Natural Sciences, Ewha Womans UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Mi-Ni Lee
- Department of Life Science and College of Natural Sciences, Ewha Womans UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center Korea ResearchInstitute of Bioscience and BiotechnologyChungbukRepublic of Korea
| | - Max Dorfel
- Stanley Institute for Cognitive Genomics, Cold Spring Harbor LaboratoryWoodburyUnited States
| | - Seungwoon Seo
- Department of Life Science and College of Natural Sciences, Ewha Womans UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Leah Gottlieb
- Department of Chemistry, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
| | - Thomas PaPazyan
- Stanley Institute for Cognitive Genomics, Cold Spring Harbor LaboratoryWoodburyUnited States
| | - Nina McTiernan
- Department of Biomedicine, University of BergenBergenNorway
| | - Rasmus Ree
- Department of Biomedicine, University of BergenBergenNorway
| | - David Bolton
- Department of Molecular Biology, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental DisabilitiesStaten IslandUnited States
| | - Andrew Garcia
- Department of Human Genetics, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental DisabilitiesStaten IslandUnited States
| | - Michael Flory
- Research Design and Analysis Service, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental DisabilitiesStaten IslandUnited States
| | - Jonathan Crain
- Stanley Institute for Cognitive Genomics, Cold Spring Harbor LaboratoryWoodburyUnited States
| | - Alison Sebold
- Stanley Institute for Cognitive Genomics, Cold Spring Harbor LaboratoryWoodburyUnited States
| | - Scott Lyons
- Stanley Institute for Cognitive Genomics, Cold Spring Harbor LaboratoryWoodburyUnited States
| | - Ahmed Ismail
- Stanley Institute for Cognitive Genomics, Cold Spring Harbor LaboratoryWoodburyUnited States
| | - Elaine Marchi
- Department of Human Genetics, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental DisabilitiesStaten IslandUnited States
| | - Seong-keun Sonn
- Department of Life Science and College of Natural Sciences, Ewha Womans UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Se-Jin Jeong
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, Washington University School of MedicineSaint LouisUnited States
| | - Sejin Jeon
- Department of Life Science and College of Natural Sciences, Ewha Womans UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Shinyeong Ju
- Center for Theragnosis, Korea Institute of Science and TechnologySeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Simon J Conway
- Herman B. Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisUnited States
| | - Taesoo Kim
- Department of Life Science and College of Natural Sciences, Ewha Womans UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Seok Kim
- Department of Life Science and College of Natural Sciences, Ewha Womans UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Cheolju Lee
- Center for Theragnosis, Korea Institute of Science and TechnologySeoulRepublic of Korea
- Department of Converging Science and Technology, KHU-KIST, Kyung Hee UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Tae-Young Roh
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and TechnologyPohangRepublic of Korea
| | - Thomas Arnesen
- Department of Biomedicine, University of BergenBergenNorway
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of BergenBergenNorway
- Department of Surgery, Haukeland University HospitalBergenNorway
| | - Ronen Marmorstein
- Department of Chemistry, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
| | - Goo Taeg Oh
- Department of Life Science and College of Natural Sciences, Ewha Womans UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Gholson J Lyon
- Stanley Institute for Cognitive Genomics, Cold Spring Harbor LaboratoryWoodburyUnited States
- Department of Human Genetics, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental DisabilitiesStaten IslandUnited States
- Biology PhD Program, The Graduate Center, The City University of New YorkNew YorkUnited States
- George A. Jervis Clinic, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental DisabilitiesStaten IslandUnited States
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Conway SJ. Special Issue "2020 Feature Papers by JDB' Editorial Board Members". J Dev Biol 2021; 9:jdb9020021. [PMID: 34199485 PMCID: PMC8293115 DOI: 10.3390/jdb9020021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Simon J Conway
- HB Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, 1044 West Walnut Street, Room R4 W402E, Indianapolis, IN 46033, USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Dittrich GM, Froese N, Wang X, Kroeger H, Wang H, Szaroszyk M, Malek-Mohammadi M, Cordero J, Keles M, Korf-Klingebiel M, Wollert KC, Geffers R, Mayr M, Conway SJ, Dobreva G, Bauersachs J, Heineke J. Fibroblast GATA-4 and GATA-6 promote myocardial adaptation to pressure overload by enhancing cardiac angiogenesis. Basic Res Cardiol 2021; 116:26. [PMID: 33876316 PMCID: PMC8055639 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-021-00862-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Heart failure due to high blood pressure or ischemic injury remains a major problem for millions of patients worldwide. Despite enormous advances in deciphering the molecular mechanisms underlying heart failure progression, the cell-type specific adaptations and especially intercellular signaling remain poorly understood. Cardiac fibroblasts express high levels of cardiogenic transcription factors such as GATA-4 and GATA-6, but their role in fibroblasts during stress is not known. Here, we show that fibroblast GATA-4 and GATA-6 promote adaptive remodeling in pressure overload induced cardiac hypertrophy. Using a mouse model with specific single or double deletion of Gata4 and Gata6 in stress activated fibroblasts, we found a reduced myocardial capillarization in mice with Gata4/6 double deletion following pressure overload, while single deletion of Gata4 or Gata6 had no effect. Importantly, we confirmed the reduced angiogenic response using an in vitro co-culture system with Gata4/6 deleted cardiac fibroblasts and endothelial cells. A comprehensive RNA-sequencing analysis revealed an upregulation of anti-angiogenic genes upon Gata4/6 deletion in fibroblasts, and siRNA mediated downregulation of these genes restored endothelial cell growth. In conclusion, we identified a novel role for the cardiogenic transcription factors GATA-4 and GATA-6 in heart fibroblasts, where both proteins act in concert to promote myocardial capillarization and heart function by directing intercellular crosstalk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gesine M Dittrich
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, European Center for Angioscience (ECAS), Medical Faculty Mannheim of Heidelberg University, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany
| | - Natali Froese
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Xue Wang
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany
- Shanghai Tianyou Hospital Affiliated To Tongji University, Shanghai, 200333, China
| | - Hannah Kroeger
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Honghui Wang
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Malgorzata Szaroszyk
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Mona Malek-Mohammadi
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, European Center for Angioscience (ECAS), Medical Faculty Mannheim of Heidelberg University, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany
| | - Julio Cordero
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, European Center for Angioscience (ECAS), Medical Faculty Mannheim of Heidelberg University, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Merve Keles
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, European Center for Angioscience (ECAS), Medical Faculty Mannheim of Heidelberg University, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | | | - Kai C Wollert
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Robert Geffers
- Genome Analytics, Helmholtz Center for Infection Research, 38124, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Manuel Mayr
- King's British Heart Foundation Centre, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Simon J Conway
- HB Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Gergana Dobreva
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, European Center for Angioscience (ECAS), Medical Faculty Mannheim of Heidelberg University, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany
| | - Johann Bauersachs
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Joerg Heineke
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, European Center for Angioscience (ECAS), Medical Faculty Mannheim of Heidelberg University, 68167, Mannheim, Germany.
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany.
- Cardiovascular Physiology, European Center for Angioscience (ECAS), Medizinische Fakultät Mannheim, Universität Heidelberg, Ludolf-Krehl-Str. 7-11, 68167, Mannheim, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Deal KK, Chandrashekar AS, Beaman MM, Branch MC, Buehler DP, Conway SJ, Southard-Smith EM. Altered sacral neural crest development in Pax3 spina bifida mutants underlies deficits of bladder innervation and function. Dev Biol 2021; 476:173-188. [PMID: 33839113 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2021.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Mouse models of Spina bifida (SB) have been instrumental for identifying genes, developmental processes, and environmental factors that influence neurulation and neural tube closure. Beyond the prominent neural tube defects, other aspects of the nervous system can be affected in SB with significant changes in essential bodily functions such as urination. SB patients frequently experience bladder dysfunction and SB fetuses exhibit reduced density of bladder nerves and smooth muscle although the developmental origins of these deficits have not been determined. The Pax3 Splotch-delayed (Pax3Sp-d) mouse model of SB is one of a very few mouse SB models that survives to late stages of gestation. Through analysis of Pax3Sp-d mutants we sought to define how altered bladder innervation in SB might arise by tracing sacral neural crest (NC) development, pelvic ganglia neuronal differentiation, and assessing bladder nerve fiber density. In Pax3Sp-d/Sp-d fetal mice we observed delayed migration of Sox10+ NC-derived progenitors (NCPs), deficient pelvic ganglia neurogenesis, and reduced density of bladder wall innervation. We further combined NC-specific deletion of Pax3 with the constitutive Pax3Sp-d allele in an effort to generate viable Pax3 mutants to examine later stages of bladder innervation and postnatal bladder function. Neural crest specific deletion of a Pax3 flox allele, using a Sox10-cre driver, in combination with a constitutive Pax3Sp-d mutation produced postnatal viable offspring that exhibited altered bladder function as well as reduced bladder wall innervation and altered connectivity between accessory ganglia at the bladder neck. Combined, the results show that Pax3 plays critical roles within sacral NC that are essential for initiation of neurogenesis and differentiation of autonomic neurons within pelvic ganglia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karen K Deal
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | | | | | - Meagan C Branch
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Dennis P Buehler
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Simon J Conway
- HB Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - E Michelle Southard-Smith
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Liu M, Iosef C, Rao S, Domingo-Gonzalez R, Fu S, Snider P, Conway SJ, Umbach GS, Heilshorn SC, Dewi RE, Dahl MJ, Null DM, Albertine KH, Alvira CM. Transforming Growth Factor-induced Protein Promotes NF-κB-mediated Angiogenesis during Postnatal Lung Development. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2021; 64:318-330. [PMID: 33264084 PMCID: PMC7909333 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2020-0153oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary angiogenesis is a key driver of alveolarization. Our prior studies showed that NF-κB promotes pulmonary angiogenesis during early alveolarization. However, the mechanisms regulating temporal-specific NF-κB activation in the pulmonary vasculature are unknown. To identify mechanisms that activate proangiogenic NF-κB signaling in the developing pulmonary vasculature, proteomic analysis of the lung secretome was performed using two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis. NF-κB activation and angiogenic function was assessed in primary pulmonary endothelial cells (PECs) and TGFBI (transforming growth factor-β-induced protein)-regulated genes identified using RNA sequencing. Alveolarization and pulmonary angiogenesis was assessed in wild-type and Tgfbi null mice exposed to normoxia or hyperoxia. Lung TGFBI expression was determined in premature lambs supported by invasive and noninvasive respiratory support. Secreted factors from the early alveolar, but not the late alveolar or adult lung, promoted proliferation and migration in quiescent, adult PECs. Proteomic analysis identified TGFBI as one protein highly expressed by the early alveolar lung that promoted PEC migration by activating NF-κB via αvβ3 integrins. RNA sequencing identified Csf3 as a TGFBI-regulated gene that enhances nitric oxide production in PECs. Loss of TGFBI in mice exaggerated the impaired pulmonary angiogenesis induced by chronic hyperoxia, and TGFBI expression was disrupted in premature lambs with impaired alveolarization. Our studies identify TGFBI as a developmentally regulated protein that promotes NF-κB-mediated angiogenesis during early alveolarization by enhancing nitric oxide production. We speculate that dysregulation of TGFBI expression may contribute to diseases marked by impaired alveolar and vascular growth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Excellence in Pulmonary Biology, and
| | - Cristiana Iosef
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Excellence in Pulmonary Biology, and
| | - Shailaja Rao
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Excellence in Pulmonary Biology, and
| | | | - Sha Fu
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Excellence in Pulmonary Biology, and
- Liuyang People's Hospital, Hunan, China
| | - Paige Snider
- Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Simon J Conway
- Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Gray S Umbach
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Excellence in Pulmonary Biology, and
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical School, Dallas, Texas; and
| | - Sarah C Heilshorn
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Ruby E Dewi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Mar J Dahl
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Donald M Null
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Kurt H Albertine
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Cristina M Alvira
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Excellence in Pulmonary Biology, and
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Dufeys C, Daskalopoulos EP, Castanares-Zapatero D, Conway SJ, Ginion A, Bouzin C, Ambroise J, Bearzatto B, Gala JL, Heymans S, Papageorgiou AP, Vinckier S, Cumps J, Balligand JL, Vanhaverbeke M, Sinnaeve P, Janssens S, Bertrand L, Beauloye C, Horman S. AMPKα1 deletion in myofibroblasts exacerbates post-myocardial infarction fibrosis by a connexin 43 mechanism. Basic Res Cardiol 2021; 116:10. [PMID: 33564961 PMCID: PMC7873123 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-021-00846-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
We have previously demonstrated that systemic AMP-activated protein kinase α1 (AMPKα1) invalidation enhanced adverse LV remodelling by increasing fibroblast proliferation, while myodifferentiation and scar maturation were impaired. We thus hypothesised that fibroblastic AMPKα1 was a key signalling element in regulating fibrosis in the infarcted myocardium and an attractive target for therapeutic intervention. The present study investigates the effects of myofibroblast (MF)-specific deletion of AMPKα1 on left ventricular (LV) adaptation following myocardial infarction (MI), and the underlying molecular mechanisms. MF-restricted AMPKα1 conditional knockout (cKO) mice were subjected to permanent ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery. cKO hearts exhibit exacerbated post-MI adverse LV remodelling and are characterised by exaggerated fibrotic response, compared to wild-type (WT) hearts. Cardiac fibroblast proliferation and MF content significantly increase in cKO infarcted hearts, coincident with a significant reduction of connexin 43 (Cx43) expression in MFs. Mechanistically, AMPKα1 influences Cx43 expression by both a transcriptional and a post-transcriptional mechanism involving miR-125b-5p. Collectively, our data demonstrate that MF-AMPKα1 functions as a master regulator of cardiac fibrosis and remodelling and might constitute a novel potential target for pharmacological anti-fibrotic applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cécile Dufeys
- Pôle de Recherche Cardiovasculaire (CARD), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), 55, Avenue Hippocrate, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Evangelos-Panagiotis Daskalopoulos
- Pôle de Recherche Cardiovasculaire (CARD), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), 55, Avenue Hippocrate, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Diego Castanares-Zapatero
- Pôle de Recherche Cardiovasculaire (CARD), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), 55, Avenue Hippocrate, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Simon J Conway
- HB Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Audrey Ginion
- Pôle de Recherche Cardiovasculaire (CARD), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), 55, Avenue Hippocrate, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Caroline Bouzin
- IREC Imaging Platform, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jérôme Ambroise
- Centre de Technologies Moléculaires Appliquées, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, UCL, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Bertrand Bearzatto
- Centre de Technologies Moléculaires Appliquées, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, UCL, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jean-Luc Gala
- Centre de Technologies Moléculaires Appliquées, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, UCL, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Stephane Heymans
- Center for Heart Failure Research, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Anna-Pia Papageorgiou
- Center for Heart Failure Research, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Louvain, Belgium
| | - Stefan Vinckier
- Center for Cancer Biology, University of Leuven and VIB, Louvain, Belgium
| | - Julien Cumps
- Pôle de Recherche Cardiovasculaire (CARD), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), 55, Avenue Hippocrate, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jean-Luc Balligand
- Pôle de Pharmacologie et de Thérapeutique (FATH), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Maarten Vanhaverbeke
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Louvain, Belgium
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Leuven University Hospitals, Louvain, Belgium
| | - Peter Sinnaeve
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Louvain, Belgium
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Leuven University Hospitals, Louvain, Belgium
| | - Stefan Janssens
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Louvain, Belgium
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Leuven University Hospitals, Louvain, Belgium
| | - Luc Bertrand
- Pôle de Recherche Cardiovasculaire (CARD), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), 55, Avenue Hippocrate, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Christophe Beauloye
- Pôle de Recherche Cardiovasculaire (CARD), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), 55, Avenue Hippocrate, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
- Division of Cardiology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sandrine Horman
- Pôle de Recherche Cardiovasculaire (CARD), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), 55, Avenue Hippocrate, 1200, Brussels, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Yamamoto A, Morioki H, Nakae T, Miyake Y, Harada T, Noda S, Mitsuoka S, Matsumoto K, Tomimatsu M, Kanemoto S, Tanaka S, Maeda M, Conway SJ, Imaizumi K, Fujio Y, Obana M. Transcription factor old astrocyte specifically induced substance is a novel regulator of kidney fibrosis. FASEB J 2020; 35:e21158. [PMID: 33150680 PMCID: PMC7821213 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202001820r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Prevention of kidney fibrosis is an essential requisite for effective therapy in preventing chronic kidney disease (CKD). Here, we identify Old astrocyte specifically induced substance (OASIS)/cAMP responsive element‐binding protein 3‐like 1 (CREB3l1), a CREB/ATF family transcription factor, as a candidate profibrotic gene that drives the final common pathological step along the fibrotic pathway in CKD. Although microarray data from diseased patient kidneys and fibrotic mouse model kidneys both exhibit OASIS/Creb3l1 upregulation, the pathophysiological roles of OASIS in CKD remains unknown. Immunohistochemistry revealed that OASIS protein was overexpressed in human fibrotic kidney compared with normal kidney. Moreover, OASIS was upregulated in murine fibrotic kidneys, following unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO), resulting in an increase in the number of OASIS‐expressing pathological myofibroblasts. In vitro assays revealed exogenous TGF‐β1 increased OASIS expression coincident with fibroblast‐to‐myofibroblast transition and OASIS contributed to TGF‐β1–mediated myofibroblast migration and increased proliferation. Significantly, in vivo kidney fibrosis induced via UUO or ischemia/reperfusion injury was ameliorated by systemic genetic knockout of OASIS, accompanied by reduced myofibroblast proliferation. Microarrays revealed that the transmembrane glycoprotein Bone marrow stromal antigen 2 (Bst2) expression was reduced in OASIS knockout myofibroblasts. Interestingly, a systemic anti‐Bst2 blocking antibody approach attenuated kidney fibrosis in normal mice but not in OASIS knockout mice after UUO, signifying Bst2 functions downstream of OASIS. Finally, myofibroblast‐restricted OASIS conditional knockouts resulted in resistance to kidney fibrosis. Taken together, OASIS in myofibroblasts promotes kidney fibrosis, at least in part, via increased Bst2 expression. Thus, we have identified and demonstrated that OASIS signaling is a novel regulator of kidney fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ayaha Yamamoto
- Laboratory of Clinical Science and Biomedicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hitomi Morioki
- Laboratory of Clinical Science and Biomedicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takafumi Nakae
- Laboratory of Clinical Science and Biomedicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Miyake
- Laboratory of Clinical Science and Biomedicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takeo Harada
- Laboratory of Clinical Science and Biomedicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Noda
- Laboratory of Clinical Science and Biomedicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Sayuri Mitsuoka
- Laboratory of Clinical Science and Biomedicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kotaro Matsumoto
- Laboratory of Clinical Science and Biomedicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masashi Tomimatsu
- Laboratory of Clinical Science and Biomedicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Soshi Kanemoto
- Department of Functional Anatomy and Neuroscience, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Shota Tanaka
- Laboratory of Clinical Science and Biomedicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Makiko Maeda
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Simon J Conway
- Herman B. Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Kazunori Imaizumi
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yasushi Fujio
- Laboratory of Clinical Science and Biomedicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan.,Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan.,Integrated Frontier Research for Medical Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (OTRI), Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masanori Obana
- Laboratory of Clinical Science and Biomedicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan.,Integrated Frontier Research for Medical Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (OTRI), Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan.,Radioisotope Research Center, Institute for Radiation Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Snider PL, Simmons O, Conway SJ. Cracd Marks the First Wave of Meiosis during Spermatogenesis and Is Mis-Expressed in Azoospermia Mice. J Dev Biol 2020; 8:jdb8030021. [PMID: 32962040 PMCID: PMC7558608 DOI: 10.3390/jdb8030021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Testicular development starts in utero and maturation continues postnatally, requiring a cascade of gene activation and differentiation into different cell types, with each cell type having its own specific function. As we had previously reported that the Capping protein inhibiting regulator of actin (Cracd) gene was expressed in the adult mouse testis, herein we examine when and where the β-catenin associated Cracd is initially expressed during postnatal testis development. Significantly, Cracd mRNA is present in both the immature postnatal and adult testis in round spermatid cells, with highest level of expression occurring during the first wave of meiosis and spermatogenesis. In the juvenile testes, Cracd is initially expressed within the innermost region but as maturation occurs, Cracd mRNA switches to a more peripheral location. Thereafter, Cracd is downregulated to maintenance levels in the haploid male germ cell lineage. As Cracd mRNA was expressed within developing round spermatids, we tested its effectiveness as a biomarker of non-obstructive azoospermia using transgenic knockout mice models. Meaningfully, Cracd expression was absent in Deleted in azoospermia like (Dazl) null testis, which exhibit a dramatic germ cell loss. Moreover, Cracd was abnormally regulated and ectopically mis-expressed in Polypyrimidine tract binding protein-2 (Ptbp2) conditional germ cell restricted knockout testis, which exhibit a block during spermatid differentiation and a reduction in the number of late stage spermatocytes coincident with reduced β-catenin expression. Combined, these data suggest that Cracd is a useful first wave of spermatogenesis biomarker of azoospermia phenotypes, even prior to an overt phenotype being evident.
Collapse
|
19
|
Sawant D, Klevenow E, Baeten JT, Thomas S, Manivannan S, Conway SJ, Lilly B. Generation of transgenic mice that conditionally express microRNA miR-145. Genesis 2020; 58:e23385. [PMID: 32648361 PMCID: PMC7672654 DOI: 10.1002/dvg.23385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs are modulators of cellular phenotypes and their functions contribute to development, homeostasis, and disease. miR-145 is a conserved microRNA that has been implicated in regulating an array of phenotypes. These include supporting smooth muscle differentiation, repression of stem cell pluripotency, and inhibition of tumor growth and metastasis. Previously, our lab demonstrated that miR-145 acts to suppress cardiac fibrosis through inhibition of the TGF-β signaling pathway. The range of effects that miR-145 has on different cell types makes it an attractive microRNA for further study. Here we describe the generation of transgenic mice that conditionally express miR-145 through Cre recombinase-mediated activation. Characterization of individual founder lines indicates that overexpression of miR-145 in the developing cardiovascular system has detrimental effects, with three independent miR-145 transgenic lines exhibiting Cre-dependent lethality. Expression analysis demonstrates that the transgene is robustly expressed and our analysis reveals a novel downstream target of miR-145, Tnnt2. The miR-145 transgenic mice represent a valuable tool to understand the role of miR-145 in diverse cell types and to address its potential as a therapeutic mediator for the treatment of disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dwitiya Sawant
- Center for Cardiovascular Research and The Heart Center, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Emilie Klevenow
- Center for Cardiovascular Research and The Heart Center, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- Current address: Department of Physical Therapy, Marquette University
| | - Jeremy T. Baeten
- Center for Cardiovascular Research and The Heart Center, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- Current address: University of Chicago School of Medicine
| | - Shelby Thomas
- Center for Cardiovascular Research and The Heart Center, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Sathiyanarayanan Manivannan
- Center for Cardiovascular Research and The Heart Center, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Simon J. Conway
- HB Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Brenda Lilly
- Center for Cardiovascular Research and The Heart Center, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Nikoloudaki G, Snider P, Simmons O, Conway SJ, Hamilton DW. Periostin and matrix stiffness combine to regulate myofibroblast differentiation and fibronectin synthesis during palatal healing. Matrix Biol 2020; 94:31-56. [PMID: 32777343 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2020.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Although the matricellular protein periostin is prominently upregulated in skin and gingival healing, it plays contrasting roles in myofibroblast differentiation and matrix synthesis respectively. Palatal healing is associated with scarring that can alter or restrict maxilla growth, but the expression pattern and contribution of periostin in palatal healing is unknown. Using periostin-knockout (Postn-/-) and wild-type (WT) mice, the contribution of periostin to palatal healing was investigated through 1.5 mm full-thickness excisional wounds in the hard palate. In WT mice, periostin was upregulated 6 days post-wounding, with mRNA levels peaking at day 12. Genetic deletion of periostin significantly reduced wound closure rates compared to WT mice. Absence of periostin reduced mRNA levels of pivotal genes in wound repair, including α-SMA/acta2, fibronectin and βigh3. Recruitment of fibroblasts and inflammatory cells, as visualized by immunofluorescent staining for fibroblast specific factor-1, vimentin, and macrophages markers Arginase-1 and iNOS was also impaired in Postn-/-, but not WT mice. Palatal fibroblasts isolated from the hard palate of mice were cultured on collagen gels and prefabricated silicon substrates with varying stiffness. Postn-/- fibroblasts showed a significantly reduced ability to contract a collagen gel, which was rescued by the exogenous addition of recombinant periostin. As the stiffness increased, Postn-/- fibroblasts increasingly differentiated into myofibroblasts, but not to the same degree as the WT. Pharmacological inhibition of Rac rescued the deficient myofibroblastic phenotype of Postn-/- cells. Low stiffness substrates (0.2 kPa) resulted in upregulation of fibronectin in WT cells, an effect which was significantly reduced in Postn-/- cells. Quantification of immunostaining for vinculin and integrinβ1 adhesions revealed that Periostin is required for the formation of focal and fibrillar adhesions in mPFBs. Our results suggest that periostin modulates myofibroblast differentiation and contraction via integrinβ1/RhoA pathway, and fibronectin synthesis in an ECM stiffness dependent manner in palatal healing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Georgia Nikoloudaki
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5C1, Canada.
| | - Paige Snider
- Herman B. Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, 1044 West Walnut, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Olga Simmons
- Herman B. Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, 1044 West Walnut, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Simon J Conway
- Herman B. Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, 1044 West Walnut, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Douglas W Hamilton
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5C1, Canada; Division of Oral Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5C1, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Chin MT, Conway SJ. Role of Tafazzin in Mitochondrial Function, Development and Disease. J Dev Biol 2020; 8:jdb8020010. [PMID: 32456129 PMCID: PMC7344621 DOI: 10.3390/jdb8020010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Tafazzin, an enzyme associated with the rare inherited x-linked disorder Barth Syndrome, is a nuclear encoded mitochondrial transacylase that is highly conserved across multiple species and plays an important role in mitochondrial function. Numerous studies have elucidated the mechanisms by which Tafazzin affects mitochondrial function, but its effects on development and susceptibility to adult disease are incompletely understood. The purpose of this review is to highlight previous functional studies across a variety of model organisms, introduce recent studies that show an important role in development, and also to provide an update on the role of Tafazzin in human disease. The profound effects of Tafazzin on cardiac development and adult cardiac homeostasis will be emphasized. These studies underscore the importance of mitochondrial function in cardiac development and disease, and also introduce the concept of Tafazzin as a potential therapeutic modality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael T. Chin
- Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA 02111, USA
- Correspondence: (M.T.C.); (S.J.C.); Tel.: +1-617-636-8776 (M.T.C.); +1-317-278-8780 (S.J.C.)
| | - Simon J. Conway
- Herman B. Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Correspondence: (M.T.C.); (S.J.C.); Tel.: +1-617-636-8776 (M.T.C.); +1-317-278-8780 (S.J.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Villalobos E, Criollo A, Schiattarella GG, Altamirano F, French KM, May HI, Jiang N, Nguyen NUN, Romero D, Roa JC, García L, Diaz-Araya G, Morselli E, Ferdous A, Conway SJ, Sadek HA, Gillette TG, Lavandero S, Hill JA. Fibroblast Primary Cilia Are Required for Cardiac Fibrosis. Circulation 2020; 139:2342-2357. [PMID: 30818997 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.117.028752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The primary cilium is a singular cellular structure that extends from the surface of many cell types and plays crucial roles in vertebrate development, including that of the heart. Whereas ciliated cells have been described in developing heart, a role for primary cilia in adult heart has not been reported. This, coupled with the fact that mutations in genes coding for multiple ciliary proteins underlie polycystic kidney disease, a disorder with numerous cardiovascular manifestations, prompted us to identify cells in adult heart harboring a primary cilium and to determine whether primary cilia play a role in disease-related remodeling. METHODS Histological analysis of cardiac tissues from C57BL/6 mouse embryos, neonatal mice, and adult mice was performed to evaluate for primary cilia. Three injury models (apical resection, ischemia/reperfusion, and myocardial infarction) were used to identify the location and cell type of ciliated cells with the use of antibodies specific for cilia (acetylated tubulin, γ-tubulin, polycystin [PC] 1, PC2, and KIF3A), fibroblasts (vimentin, α-smooth muscle actin, and fibroblast-specific protein-1), and cardiomyocytes (α-actinin and troponin I). A similar approach was used to assess for primary cilia in infarcted human myocardial tissue. We studied mice silenced exclusively in myofibroblasts for PC1 and evaluated the role of PC1 in fibrogenesis in adult rat fibroblasts and myofibroblasts. RESULTS We identified primary cilia in mouse, rat, and human heart, specifically and exclusively in cardiac fibroblasts. Ciliated fibroblasts are enriched in areas of myocardial injury. Transforming growth factor β-1 signaling and SMAD3 activation were impaired in fibroblasts depleted of the primary cilium. Extracellular matrix protein levels and contractile function were also impaired. In vivo, depletion of PC1 in activated fibroblasts after myocardial infarction impaired the remodeling response. CONCLUSIONS Fibroblasts in the neonatal and adult heart harbor a primary cilium. This organelle and its requisite signaling protein, PC1, are required for critical elements of fibrogenesis, including transforming growth factor β-1-SMAD3 activation, production of extracellular matrix proteins, and cell contractility. Together, these findings point to a pivotal role of this organelle, and PC1, in disease-related pathological cardiac remodeling and suggest that some of the cardiovascular manifestations of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease derive directly from myocardium-autonomous abnormalities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Villalobos
- Departments of Internal Medicine (Cardiology) (E.V., A.C., G.G.S., F.A., K.M.F., H.I.M., N.J., N.U.N.N., A.F., H.A.S., T.G.G., S.L., J.A.H.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas.,Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases, Faculty of Chemical Pharmaceutical Sciences and Faculty of Medicine (E.V., A.C., L.G., G.D.-A., S.L.), University of Chile, Santiago
| | - Alfredo Criollo
- Departments of Internal Medicine (Cardiology) (E.V., A.C., G.G.S., F.A., K.M.F., H.I.M., N.J., N.U.N.N., A.F., H.A.S., T.G.G., S.L., J.A.H.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas.,Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases, Faculty of Chemical Pharmaceutical Sciences and Faculty of Medicine (E.V., A.C., L.G., G.D.-A., S.L.), University of Chile, Santiago.,Research Institute for Odontology Sciences, Faculty of Odontology (A.C.), University of Chile, Santiago
| | - Gabriele G Schiattarella
- Departments of Internal Medicine (Cardiology) (E.V., A.C., G.G.S., F.A., K.M.F., H.I.M., N.J., N.U.N.N., A.F., H.A.S., T.G.G., S.L., J.A.H.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
| | - Francisco Altamirano
- Departments of Internal Medicine (Cardiology) (E.V., A.C., G.G.S., F.A., K.M.F., H.I.M., N.J., N.U.N.N., A.F., H.A.S., T.G.G., S.L., J.A.H.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
| | - Kristin M French
- Departments of Internal Medicine (Cardiology) (E.V., A.C., G.G.S., F.A., K.M.F., H.I.M., N.J., N.U.N.N., A.F., H.A.S., T.G.G., S.L., J.A.H.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
| | - Herman I May
- Departments of Internal Medicine (Cardiology) (E.V., A.C., G.G.S., F.A., K.M.F., H.I.M., N.J., N.U.N.N., A.F., H.A.S., T.G.G., S.L., J.A.H.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
| | - Nan Jiang
- Departments of Internal Medicine (Cardiology) (E.V., A.C., G.G.S., F.A., K.M.F., H.I.M., N.J., N.U.N.N., A.F., H.A.S., T.G.G., S.L., J.A.H.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
| | - Ngoc Uyen Nhi Nguyen
- Departments of Internal Medicine (Cardiology) (E.V., A.C., G.G.S., F.A., K.M.F., H.I.M., N.J., N.U.N.N., A.F., H.A.S., T.G.G., S.L., J.A.H.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
| | - Diego Romero
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine (D.R., J.C.R.), Pontifical Catholic University of Chile, Santiago
| | - Juan Carlos Roa
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine (D.R., J.C.R.), Pontifical Catholic University of Chile, Santiago
| | - Lorena García
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases, Faculty of Chemical Pharmaceutical Sciences and Faculty of Medicine (E.V., A.C., L.G., G.D.-A., S.L.), University of Chile, Santiago
| | - Guillermo Diaz-Araya
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases, Faculty of Chemical Pharmaceutical Sciences and Faculty of Medicine (E.V., A.C., L.G., G.D.-A., S.L.), University of Chile, Santiago
| | - Eugenia Morselli
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences (E.M.), Pontifical Catholic University of Chile, Santiago
| | - Anwarul Ferdous
- Departments of Internal Medicine (Cardiology) (E.V., A.C., G.G.S., F.A., K.M.F., H.I.M., N.J., N.U.N.N., A.F., H.A.S., T.G.G., S.L., J.A.H.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
| | - Simon J Conway
- Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (S.J.C.)
| | - Hesham A Sadek
- Departments of Internal Medicine (Cardiology) (E.V., A.C., G.G.S., F.A., K.M.F., H.I.M., N.J., N.U.N.N., A.F., H.A.S., T.G.G., S.L., J.A.H.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
| | - Thomas G Gillette
- Departments of Internal Medicine (Cardiology) (E.V., A.C., G.G.S., F.A., K.M.F., H.I.M., N.J., N.U.N.N., A.F., H.A.S., T.G.G., S.L., J.A.H.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
| | - Sergio Lavandero
- Departments of Internal Medicine (Cardiology) (E.V., A.C., G.G.S., F.A., K.M.F., H.I.M., N.J., N.U.N.N., A.F., H.A.S., T.G.G., S.L., J.A.H.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas.,Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases, Faculty of Chemical Pharmaceutical Sciences and Faculty of Medicine (E.V., A.C., L.G., G.D.-A., S.L.), University of Chile, Santiago
| | - Joseph A Hill
- Departments of Internal Medicine (Cardiology) (E.V., A.C., G.G.S., F.A., K.M.F., H.I.M., N.J., N.U.N.N., A.F., H.A.S., T.G.G., S.L., J.A.H.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas.,Molecular Biology (J.A.H.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Cheng H, Gottlieb L, Marchi E, Kleyner R, Bhardwaj P, Rope AF, Rosenheck S, Moutton S, Philippe C, Eyaid W, Alkuraya FS, Toribio J, Mena R, Prada CE, Stessman H, Bernier R, Wermuth M, Kauffmann B, Blaumeiser B, Kooy RF, Baralle D, Mancini GMS, Conway SJ, Xia F, Chen Z, Meng L, Mihajlovic L, Marmorstein R, Lyon GJ. Phenotypic and biochemical analysis of an international cohort of individuals with variants in NAA10 and NAA15. Hum Mol Genet 2020; 29:877-878. [PMID: 32027362 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddz173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Revised: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hanyin Cheng
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Leah Gottlieb
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.,Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Elaine Marchi
- Department of Human Genetics, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, NY 10314, USA
| | - Robert Kleyner
- Stanley Institute for Cognitive Genomics, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, One Bungtown Road, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA
| | - Puja Bhardwaj
- Stanley Institute for Cognitive Genomics, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, One Bungtown Road, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA
| | - Alan F Rope
- Kaiser Permanente Center for Health Research, Portland, OR 97227, USA.,Genome Medical, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Sarah Rosenheck
- Stanley Institute for Cognitive Genomics, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, One Bungtown Road, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA
| | - Sébastien Moutton
- Reference Center for Developmental Anomalies, Department of Medical Genetics, Dijon University Hospital, Dijon, France.,Génétique des Anomalies du développement, INSERM U1231, Lipides Nutrition et Cancer, UMR1231, Université de Bourgogne, F-21000, Dijon 21070, France
| | - Christophe Philippe
- Génétique des Anomalies du développement, INSERM U1231, Lipides Nutrition et Cancer, UMR1231, Université de Bourgogne, F-21000, Dijon 21070, France.,Laboratoire de Génétique, Innovation Diagnostic Génomique des Maladies Rares UF6254, Plate-forme de Biologie Hospitalo-Universitaire, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Dijon 21070, France
| | - Wafaa Eyaid
- King Abdulaziz Medical City, King Saud Bin AbdulAziz University-Health Science, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fowzan S Alkuraya
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia
| | - Janet Toribio
- Division of Cardiology, CEDIMAT, Santo Domingo 51000, Dominican Republic
| | - Rafael Mena
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Centro de Obstetricia y Ginecologia, Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic.,Division Of Neonatology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Carlos E Prada
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Holly Stessman
- Department of Pharmacology, Creighton University Medical School, Omaha, NE 68178, USA
| | - Raphael Bernier
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Marieke Wermuth
- Klinik für Kinder-und Jugendmedizin, Neuropädiatrie, Klinikum Links der Weser, Senator-Weβling-Str.1. in 28211 Bremen, Germany
| | - Birgit Kauffmann
- Klinik für Kinder-und Jugendmedizin, Neuropädiatrie, Klinikum Links der Weser, Senator-Weβling-Str.1. in 28211 Bremen, Germany
| | | | - R Frank Kooy
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp, Antwerp 2000, Belgium
| | - Diana Baralle
- Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 5YA, UK.,Wessex Clinical Genetics Service, Princess Anne Hospital, Southampton, UK
| | - Grazia M S Mancini
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3015 GD, The Netherlands
| | - Simon J Conway
- HB Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Fan Xia
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,Baylor Genetics, Houston, TX 77021, USA
| | - Zhao Chen
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,Baylor Genetics, Houston, TX 77021, USA
| | - Linyan Meng
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,Baylor Genetics, Houston, TX 77021, USA
| | | | - Ronen Marmorstein
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.,Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Gholson J Lyon
- Department of Human Genetics, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, NY 10314, USA.,Stanley Institute for Cognitive Genomics, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, One Bungtown Road, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Nanri Y, Nunomura S, Terasaki Y, Yoshihara T, Hirano Y, Yokosaki Y, Yamaguchi Y, Feghali-Bostwick C, Ajito K, Murakami S, Conway SJ, Izuhara K. Cross-Talk between Transforming Growth Factor-β and Periostin Can Be Targeted for Pulmonary Fibrosis. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2020; 62:204-216. [PMID: 31505128 PMCID: PMC6993541 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2019-0245oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a devastating disease characterized as progressive and irreversible fibrosis in the interstitium of lung tissues. There is still an unmet need to develop a novel therapeutic drug for IPF. We have previously demonstrated that periostin, a matricellular protein, plays an important role in the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis. However, the underlying mechanism of how periostin causes pulmonary fibrosis remains unclear. In this study, we sought to learn whether the cross-talk between TGF-β (transforming growth factor-β), a central mediator in pulmonary fibrosis, and periostin in lung fibroblasts leads to generation of pulmonary fibrosis and whether inhibitors for integrin αVβ3, a periostin receptor, can block pulmonary fibrosis in model mice and the TGF-β signals in fibroblasts from patients with IPF. We found that cross-talk exists between TGF-β and periostin signals via αVβ3/β5 converging into Smad3. This cross-talk is necessary for the expression of TGF-β downstream effector molecules important for pulmonary fibrosis. Moreover, we identified several potent integrin low-molecular-weight inhibitors capable of blocking cross-talk with TGF-β signaling. One of the compounds, CP4715, attenuated bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in vivo in mice and the TGF-β signals in vitro in fibroblasts from patients with IPF. These results suggest that the cross-talk between TGF-β and periostin can be targeted for pulmonary fibrosis and that CP4715 can be a potential therapeutic agent to block this cross-talk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Nanri
- Division of Medical Biochemistry, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Saga Medical School, Saga, Japan
| | - Satoshi Nunomura
- Division of Medical Biochemistry, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Saga Medical School, Saga, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Terasaki
- Department of Analytic Human Pathology, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomohito Yoshihara
- Division of Medical Biochemistry, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Saga Medical School, Saga, Japan
| | - Yusuke Hirano
- Division of Medical Biochemistry, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Saga Medical School, Saga, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Yokosaki
- Cell-Matrix Frontier Lab, Health Administration Office, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yukie Yamaguchi
- Department of Environmental Immuno-Dermatology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Carol Feghali-Bostwick
- Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Keiichi Ajito
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Meiji Seika Pharma Co. Ltd., Tokyo, Japan; and
| | - Shoichi Murakami
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Meiji Seika Pharma Co. Ltd., Tokyo, Japan; and
| | - Simon J. Conway
- Herman B. Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Kenji Izuhara
- Division of Medical Biochemistry, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Saga Medical School, Saga, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Russo I, Cavalera M, Huang S, Su Y, Hanna A, Chen B, Shinde AV, Conway SJ, Graff J, Frangogiannis NG. Protective Effects of Activated Myofibroblasts in the Pressure-Overloaded Myocardium Are Mediated Through Smad-Dependent Activation of a Matrix-Preserving Program. Circ Res 2020; 124:1214-1227. [PMID: 30686120 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.118.314438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE The heart contains abundant interstitial and perivascular fibroblasts. Traditional views suggest that, under conditions of mechanical stress, cytokines, growth factors, and neurohumoral mediators stimulate fibroblast activation, inducing ECM (extracellular matrix) protein synthesis and promoting fibrosis and diastolic dysfunction. Members of the TGF (transforming growth factor)-β family are upregulated and activated in the remodeling myocardium and modulate phenotype and function of all myocardial cell types through activation of intracellular effector molecules, the Smads (small mothers against decapentaplegic), and through Smad-independent pathways. OBJECTIVES To examine the role of fibroblast-specific TGF-β/Smad3 signaling in the remodeling pressure-overloaded myocardium. METHODS AND RESULTS We examined the effects of cell-specific Smad3 loss in activated periostin-expressing myofibroblasts using a mouse model of cardiac pressure overload, induced through transverse aortic constriction. Surprisingly, FS3KO (myofibroblast-specific Smad3 knockout) mice exhibited accelerated systolic dysfunction after pressure overload, evidenced by an early 40% reduction in ejection fraction after 7 days of transverse aortic constriction. Accelerated systolic dysfunction in pressure-overloaded FS3KO mice was associated with accentuated matrix degradation and generation of collagen-derived matrikines, accompanied by cardiomyocyte myofibrillar loss and apoptosis, and by enhanced macrophage-driven inflammation. In vitro, TGF-β1, TGF-β2, and TGF-β3 stimulated a Smad3-dependent matrix-preserving phenotype in cardiac fibroblasts, suppressing MMP (matrix metalloproteinase)-3 and MMP-8 synthesis and inducing TIMP (tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases)-1. In vivo, administration of an MMP-8 inhibitor attenuated early systolic dysfunction in pressure-overloaded FS3KO mice, suggesting that the protective effects of activated cardiac myofibroblasts in the pressure-overloaded myocardium are, at least in part, because of suppression of MMPs and activation of a matrix-preserving program. MMP-8 stimulation induces a proinflammatory phenotype in isolated macrophages. CONCLUSIONS In the pressure-overloaded myocardium, TGF-β/Smad3-activated cardiac fibroblasts play an important protective role, preserving the ECM network, suppressing macrophage-driven inflammation, and attenuating cardiomyocyte injury. The protective actions of the myofibroblasts are mediated, at least in part, through Smad-dependent suppression of matrix-degrading proteases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Russo
- From the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY (I.R., M.C., S.H., Y.S., A.H., B.C., A.V.S., N.G.F.)
| | - Michele Cavalera
- From the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY (I.R., M.C., S.H., Y.S., A.H., B.C., A.V.S., N.G.F.)
| | - Shuaibo Huang
- From the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY (I.R., M.C., S.H., Y.S., A.H., B.C., A.V.S., N.G.F.)
| | - Ya Su
- From the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY (I.R., M.C., S.H., Y.S., A.H., B.C., A.V.S., N.G.F.)
| | - Anis Hanna
- From the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY (I.R., M.C., S.H., Y.S., A.H., B.C., A.V.S., N.G.F.)
| | - Bijun Chen
- From the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY (I.R., M.C., S.H., Y.S., A.H., B.C., A.V.S., N.G.F.)
| | - Arti V Shinde
- From the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY (I.R., M.C., S.H., Y.S., A.H., B.C., A.V.S., N.G.F.)
| | - Simon J Conway
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University, Indianapolis (S.J.C.)
| | - Jonathan Graff
- Department of Developmental Biology, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas (J.G.)
| | - Nikolaos G Frangogiannis
- From the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY (I.R., M.C., S.H., Y.S., A.H., B.C., A.V.S., N.G.F.)
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Ono J, Takai M, Kamei A, Nunomura S, Nanri Y, Yoshihara T, Ohta S, Yasuda K, Conway SJ, Yokosaki Y, Izuhara K. Periostin forms a functional complex with IgA in human serum. Allergol Int 2020; 69:111-120. [PMID: 31272904 DOI: 10.1016/j.alit.2019.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 05/12/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Periostin is a matricellular protein belonging to the fasciclin family, playing a role for the pathogenesis of allergic diseases by binding to integrins on cell surfaces. Serum periostin is elevated in various allergic diseases reflecting type 2 inflammation and tissue remodeling so that for allergic diseases, periostin is expected to be a novel biomarker for diagnosis, assessing severity or prognosis, and predicting responsiveness to treatments. We have previously shown that most serum periostin exists in the oligomeric form by intermolecular disulfide bonds. METHODS In this study, we examined how periostin forms a complex in serum, whether the periostin complex in serum is functional, and whether the complex formation interferes with reactivity to anti-periostin Abs. RESULTS We found that periostin formed a complex with IgA1 at a 1:1 ratio. The periostin in the serum complex contained at least five different isoforms. However, IgA was not essential for the oligomeric formation of periostin in mouse serum or in IgA-lacking serum. The periostin-IgA complex in human serum was functional, sustaining the ability to bind to αVβ3 integrin on cell surfaces. Moreover, periostin formed the complex with IgA broadly, which interferes the binding of the Abs recognizing all of the domains except the R4 domain to periostin. CONCLUSIONS Periostin is a novel member of the IgA-associated molecules. These results are of great potential use to understand the pathological roles of periostin in allergic diseases and, from a practical standpoint, to develop diagnostics or therapeutic agents against periostin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junya Ono
- Division of Medical Biochemistry, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Saga Medical School, Saga, Japan; Shino-Test Corporation, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Masayuki Takai
- Division of Medical Biochemistry, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Saga Medical School, Saga, Japan; Shino-Test Corporation, Sagamihara, Japan
| | | | - Satoshi Nunomura
- Division of Medical Biochemistry, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Saga Medical School, Saga, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Nanri
- Division of Medical Biochemistry, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Saga Medical School, Saga, Japan
| | - Tomohito Yoshihara
- Division of Medical Biochemistry, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Saga Medical School, Saga, Japan
| | - Shoichiro Ohta
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Saga Medical School, Saga, Japan
| | - Koubun Yasuda
- Department of Immunology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Simon J Conway
- HB Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Yasuyuki Yokosaki
- Cell-Matrix Frontier Lab, Health Administration Office, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kenji Izuhara
- Division of Medical Biochemistry, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Saga Medical School, Saga, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Conway SJ, McConnell R, Simmons O, Snider PL. Armadillo-like helical domain containing-4 is dynamically expressed in both the first and second heart fields. Gene Expr Patterns 2019; 34:119077. [PMID: 31655130 DOI: 10.1016/j.gep.2019.119077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Armadillo repeat and Armadillo-like helical domain containing proteins form a large family with diverse and fundamental functions in many eukaryotes. Herein we investigated the spatiotemporal expression pattern of Armadillo-like helical domain containing 4 (or Armh4) as an uncharacterized protein coding mouse gene, within the mouse embryo during the initial stages of heart morphogenesis. We found Armh4 is initially expressed in both first heart field as well as the second heart field progenitors and subsequently within predominantly their cardiomyocyte derivatives. Armh4 expression is initially cardiac-restricted in the developing embryo and is expressed in second heart field subpharyngeal mesoderm prior to cardiomyocyte differentiation, but Armh4 diminishes as the embryonic heart matures into the fetal heart. Armh4 is subsequently expressed in craniofacial structures and neural crest-derived dorsal root and trigeminal ganglia. Whereas lithium chloride-induced stimulation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling elevated Armh4 expression in both second heart field subpharyngeal mesodermal progenitors and outflow tract, right ventricle and atrial cardiomyocytes, neither a systemic loss of Islet-1 nor an absence of cardiac neural crest cells had any effect upon Armh4 expression. These results confirm that Wnt/β-catenin-responsive Armh4 is a useful specific biomarker of the FHF and SHF cardiomyocyte derivatives only.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simon J Conway
- HB Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
| | - Reagan McConnell
- HB Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulster, Coleraine, BT52 1SA, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Olga Simmons
- HB Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Paige L Snider
- HB Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Alvarez MB, Xu L, Childress PJ, Maupin KA, Mohamad SF, Chitteti BR, Himes E, Olivos DJ, Cheng YH, Conway SJ, Srour EF, Kacena MA. Megakaryocyte and Osteoblast Interactions Modulate Bone Mass and Hematopoiesis. Stem Cells Dev 2019; 27:671-682. [PMID: 29631496 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2017.0178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence demonstrates that megakaryocytes (MK) play key roles in regulating skeletal homeostasis and hematopoiesis. To test if the loss of MK negatively impacts osteoblastogenesis and hematopoiesis, we generated conditional knockout mice where Mpl, the receptor for the main MK growth factor, thrombopoietin, was deleted specifically in MK (Mplf/f;PF4cre). Unexpectedly, at 12 weeks of age, these mice exhibited a 10-fold increase in platelets, a significant expansion of hematopoietic/mesenchymal precursors, and a remarkable 20-fold increase in femoral midshaft bone volume. We then investigated whether MK support hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) function through the interaction of MK with osteoblasts (OB). LSK cells (Lin-Sca1+CD117+, enriched HSC population) were co-cultured with OB+MK for 1 week (1wk OB+MK+LSK) or OB alone (1wk OB+LSK). A significant increase in colony-forming units was observed with cells from 1wk OB+MK cultures. Competitive repopulation studies demonstrated significantly higher engraftment in mice transplanted with cells from 1wk OB+MK+LSK cultures compared to 1wk OB+LSK or LSK cultured alone for 1 week. Furthermore, single-cell expression analysis of OB cultured±MK revealed adiponectin as the most significantly upregulated MK-induced gene, which is required for optimal long-term hematopoietic reconstitution. Understanding the interactions between MK, OB, and HSC can inform the development of novel treatments to enhance both HSC recovery following myelosuppressive injuries, as well as bone loss diseases, such as osteoporosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marta B Alvarez
- 1 Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine , Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - LinLin Xu
- 2 Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine , Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Paul J Childress
- 1 Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine , Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Kevin A Maupin
- 1 Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine , Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Safa F Mohamad
- 2 Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine , Indianapolis, Indiana
| | | | - Evan Himes
- 1 Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine , Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - David J Olivos
- 1 Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine , Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Ying-Hua Cheng
- 1 Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine , Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Simon J Conway
- 3 Herman B. Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine , Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Edward F Srour
- 2 Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine , Indianapolis, Indiana.,3 Herman B. Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine , Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Melissa A Kacena
- 1 Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine , Indianapolis, Indiana
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Cheng H, Gottlieb L, Marchi E, Kleyner R, Bhardwaj P, Rope AF, Rosenheck S, Moutton S, Philippe C, Eyaid W, Alkuraya FS, Toribio J, Mena R, Prada CE, Stessman H, Bernier R, Wermuth M, Kauffmann B, Blaumeiser B, Kooy RF, Baralle D, Mancini GMS, Conway SJ, Xia F, Chen Z, Meng L, Mihajlovic L, Marmorstein R, Lyon GJ. Phenotypic and biochemical analysis of an international cohort of individuals with variants in NAA10 and NAA15. Hum Mol Genet 2019; 28:2900-2919. [PMID: 31127942 PMCID: PMC6736318 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddz111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Revised: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
N-alpha-acetylation is one of the most common co-translational protein modifications in humans and is essential for normal cell function. NAA10 encodes for the enzyme NAA10, which is the catalytic subunit in the N-terminal acetyltransferase A (NatA) complex. The auxiliary and regulatory subunits of the NatA complex are NAA15 and Huntington-interacting protein (HYPK), respectively. Through a genotype-first approach with exome sequencing, we identified and phenotypically characterized 30 individuals from 30 unrelated families with 17 different de novo or inherited, dominantly acting missense variants in NAA10 or NAA15. Clinical features of affected individuals include variable levels of intellectual disability, delayed speech and motor milestones and autism spectrum disorder. Additionally, some subjects present with mild craniofacial dysmorphology, congenital cardiac anomalies and seizures. One of the individuals is an 11-year-old boy with a frameshift variant in exon 7 of NAA10, who presents most notably with microphthalmia, which confirms a prior finding with a single family with Lenz microphthalmia syndrome. Biochemical analyses of variants as part of the human NatA complex, as well as enzymatic analyses with and without the HYPK regulatory subunit, help to explain some of the phenotypic differences seen among the different variants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hanyin Cheng
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Leah Gottlieb
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Elaine Marchi
- Department of Human Genetics, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, NY 10314, USA
| | - Robert Kleyner
- Stanley Institute for Cognitive Genomics, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, One Bungtown Road, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA
| | - Puja Bhardwaj
- Stanley Institute for Cognitive Genomics, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, One Bungtown Road, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA
| | - Alan F Rope
- Kaiser Permanente Center for Health Research, Portland, OR 97227, USA
- Genome Medical, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Sarah Rosenheck
- Stanley Institute for Cognitive Genomics, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, One Bungtown Road, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA
| | - Sébastien Moutton
- Reference Center for Developmental Anomalies, Department of Medical Genetics, Dijon University Hospital, Dijon, France
- Génétique des Anomalies du développement, INSERM U1231, Lipides Nutrition et Cancer, UMR1231, Université de Bourgogne, F-21000, Dijon 21070, France
| | - Christophe Philippe
- Génétique des Anomalies du développement, INSERM U1231, Lipides Nutrition et Cancer, UMR1231, Université de Bourgogne, F-21000, Dijon 21070, France
- Laboratoire de Génétique, Innovation Diagnostic Génomique des Maladies Rares UF6254, Plate-forme de Biologie Hospitalo-Universitaire, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Dijon 21070, France
| | - Wafaa Eyaid
- King Abdulaziz Medical City, King Saud Bin AbdulAziz University—Health Science, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fowzan S Alkuraya
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia
| | - Janet Toribio
- Division of Cardiology, CEDIMAT, Santo Domingo 51000, Dominican Republic
| | - Rafael Mena
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Centro de Obstetricia y Ginecologia, Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic
- Division Of Neonatology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Carlos E Prada
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Holly Stessman
- Department of Pharmacology, Creighton University Medical School, Omaha, NE 68178, USA
| | - Raphael Bernier
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Marieke Wermuth
- Klinik für Kinder-und Jugendmedizin, Neuropädiatrie, Klinikum Links der Weser, Senator-Weβling-Str.1. in 28211 Bremen, Germany
| | - Birgit Kauffmann
- Klinik für Kinder-und Jugendmedizin, Neuropädiatrie, Klinikum Links der Weser, Senator-Weβling-Str.1. in 28211 Bremen, Germany
| | | | - R Frank Kooy
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp, Antwerp 2000, Belgium
| | - Diana Baralle
- Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 5YA, UK
- Wessex Clinical Genetics Service, Princess Anne Hospital, Southampton, UK
| | - Grazia M S Mancini
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3015 GD, The Netherlands
| | - Simon J Conway
- HB Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Fan Xia
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Baylor Genetics, Houston, TX 77021, USA
| | - Zhao Chen
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Baylor Genetics, Houston, TX 77021, USA
| | - Linyan Meng
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Baylor Genetics, Houston, TX 77021, USA
| | | | - Ronen Marmorstein
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Gholson J Lyon
- Department of Human Genetics, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, NY 10314, USA
- Stanley Institute for Cognitive Genomics, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, One Bungtown Road, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Seki M, Furukawa N, Koitabashi N, Obokata M, Conway SJ, Arakawa H, Kurabayashi M. Periostin-expressing cell-specific transforming growth factor-β inhibition in pulmonary artery prevents pulmonary arterial hypertension. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0220795. [PMID: 31437169 PMCID: PMC6705784 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0220795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) has been shown to play a critical role in pathogenesis of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) although the precise role of TGF-β signaling remains uncertain. A recent report has shown that periostin (Pn) is one of the most upregulated proteins in human PAH lung compared with healthy lungs. We established type I TGF-β receptor knockout mice specifically with Pn expressing cell (Pn-Cre/Tgfb1fl/fl mice). Increases in PA pressure and pulmonary artery muscularization were induced by hypoxia of 10% oxygen for 4 weeks. Lung Pn expression was markedly induced by 4 week-hypoxia. Pn-Cre/Tgfb1fl/fl mice showed lower right ventricular pressure elevation, inhibition of PA medial thickening. Fluorescent co-immunostaining showed that Smad3 activation in Pn expressing cell is attenuated. These results suggest that TGF-β signaling in Pn expressing cell may have an important role in the pathogenesis of PAH by controlling medial thickening.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuru Seki
- Department of Pediatrics, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan
- Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Nozomi Furukawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan
| | - Norimichi Koitabashi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Masaru Obokata
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan
| | - Simon J. Conway
- Herman B. Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Hirokazu Arakawa
- Department of Pediatrics, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan
| | - Masahiko Kurabayashi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Scharf GM, Kilian K, Cordero J, Wang Y, Grund A, Hofmann M, Froese N, Wang X, Kispert A, Kist R, Conway SJ, Geffers R, Wollert KC, Dobreva G, Bauersachs J, Heineke J. Inactivation of Sox9 in fibroblasts reduces cardiac fibrosis and inflammation. JCI Insight 2019; 5:126721. [PMID: 31310588 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.126721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibrotic scarring drives the progression of heart failure after myocardial infarction (MI). Therefore, the development of specific treatment regimens to counteract fibrosis is of high clinical relevance. The transcription factor SOX9 functions as an important regulator during embryogenesis, but recent data point towards an additional causal role in organ fibrosis. We show here that SOX9 is upregulated in the scar after MI in mice. Fibroblast specific deletion of Sox9 ameliorated MI-induced left ventricular dysfunction, dilatation and myocardial scarring in vivo. Unexpectedly, deletion of Sox9 also potently eliminated persisting leukocyte infiltration of the scar in the chronic phase after MI. RNA-sequencing from the infarct scar revealed that Sox9 deletion in fibroblasts resulted in strongly downregulated expression of genes related to extracellular matrix, proteolysis and inflammation. Importantly, Sox9 deletion in isolated cardiac fibroblasts in vitro similarly affected gene expression as in the cardiac scar and reduced fibroblast proliferation, migration and contraction capacity. Together, our data demonstrate that fibroblast SOX9 functions as a master regulator of cardiac fibrosis and inflammation and might constitute a novel therapeutic target during MI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gesine M Scharf
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Department of Cardiovascular Research and
| | - Katja Kilian
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Julio Cordero
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology Center for Biomedicine and Medical Technology Mannheim, European Center for Angioscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim of Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Division of Molecular and Translational Cardiology, Department of Cardiology and Angiology, and
| | - Andrea Grund
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Department of Cardiovascular Research and
| | - Melanie Hofmann
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Natali Froese
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Xue Wang
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Andreas Kispert
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Ralf Kist
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, and Centre for Oral Health Research, School of Dental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Simon J Conway
- HB Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Robert Geffers
- Helmholtz Center for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Kai C Wollert
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Division of Molecular and Translational Cardiology, Department of Cardiology and Angiology, and
| | - Gergana Dobreva
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology Center for Biomedicine and Medical Technology Mannheim, European Center for Angioscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim of Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research partner site Mannheim/Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Johann Bauersachs
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Joerg Heineke
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Department of Cardiovascular Research and.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research partner site Mannheim/Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Rubart M, Tao W, Lu XL, Conway SJ, Reuter SP, Lin SF, Soonpaa MH. Electrical coupling between ventricular myocytes and myofibroblasts in the infarcted mouse heart. Cardiovasc Res 2019; 114:389-400. [PMID: 29016731 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvx163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims Recent studies have demonstrated electrotonic coupling between scar tissue and the surrounding myocardium in cryoinjured hearts. However, the electrical dynamics occurring at the myocyte-nonmyocyte interface in the fibrotic heart remain undefined. Here, we sought to develop an assay to interrogate the nonmyocyte cell type contributing to heterocellular coupling and to characterize, on a cellular scale, its voltage response in the infarct border zone of living hearts. Methods and results We used two-photon laser scanning microscopy in conjunction with a voltage-sensitive dye to record transmembrane voltage changes simultaneously from cardiomyocytes and adjoined nonmyocytes in Langendorff-perfused mouse hearts with healing myocardial infarction. Transgenic mice with cardiomyocyte-restricted expression of a green fluorescent reporter protein underwent permanent coronary artery ligation and their hearts were subjected to voltage imaging 7-10 days later. Reporter-negative cells, i.e. nonmyocytes, in the infarct border zone exhibited depolarizing transients at a 1:1 coupling ratio with action potentials recorded simultaneously from adjacent, reporter-positive ventricular myocytes. The electrotonic responses in the nonmyocytes exhibited slower rates of de- and repolarization compared to the action potential waveform of juxtaposed myocytes. Voltage imaging in infarcted hearts expressing a fluorescent reporter specifically in myofibroblasts revealed that the latter were electrically coupled to border zone myocytes. Their voltage transient properties were indistinguishable from those of nonmyocytes in hearts with cardiomyocyte-restricted reporter expression. The density of connexin43 expression at myofibroblast-cardiomyocyte junctions was ∼5% of that in the intercalated disc regions of paired ventricular myocytes in the remote, uninjured myocardium, whereas the ratio of connexin45 to connexin43 expression levels at heterocellular contacts was ∼1%. Conclusion Myofibroblasts contribute to the population of electrically coupled nonmyocytes in the infarct border zone. The slower kinetics of myofibroblast voltage responses may reflect low electrical conductivity across heterocellular junctions, in accordance with the paucity of connexin expression at myofibroblast-cardiomyocyte contacts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Rubart
- Wells Centre for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, 1044 West Walnut Street, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Wen Tao
- Wells Centre for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, 1044 West Walnut Street, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Xiao-Long Lu
- Wells Centre for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, 1044 West Walnut Street, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Simon J Conway
- Wells Centre for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, 1044 West Walnut Street, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Sean P Reuter
- Wells Centre for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, 1044 West Walnut Street, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Shien-Fong Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Mark H Soonpaa
- Wells Centre for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, 1044 West Walnut Street, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.,Krannert Institute of Cardiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Snider PL, Snider E, Simmons O, Lilly B, Conway SJ. Analysis of Uncharacterized mKiaa1211 Expression during Mouse Development and Cardiovascular Morphogenesis. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2019; 6:jcdd6020024. [PMID: 31234534 PMCID: PMC6617212 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd6020024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Revised: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammalian Kiaa1211 and Kiaa1211-like are a homologous pair of uncharacterized, highly conserved genes cloned from fetal and adult brain cDNA libraries. Herein we map the in utero spatiotemporal expression of mKiaa1211 and mKiaa1211L mRNA and their expression patterns in postnatal testis, skin, gastrointestinal, and adipose progenitor tissues. Significantly, mKiaa1211 is present throughout the early stages of mouse heart development, particularly in the second heart field (SHF) lineage as it differentiates from mesenchymal cells into cardiomyocytes. We also show that mKiaa1211 is expressed within several early neuronal tissues destined to give rise to central, peripheral, and sympathetic nervous system structures. Expression profiling revealed that the paralog mKiaa1211L is not expressed during the normal developmental process and that mKiaa1211 expression was noticeably absent from most adult terminally differentiated tissues. Finally, we confirm that a previously uncharacterized CRISPR/CAS-generated mKiaa1211 mouse mutant allele is hypomorphic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paige L Snider
- HB Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
| | - Elizabeth Snider
- HB Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
- Biosciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA.
| | - Olga Simmons
- HB Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
| | - Brenda Lilly
- The Heart Center, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH 43205, USA.
| | - Simon J Conway
- HB Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Huang S, Chen B, Su Y, Alex L, Humeres C, Shinde AV, Conway SJ, Frangogiannis NG. Distinct roles of myofibroblast-specific Smad2 and Smad3 signaling in repair and remodeling of the infarcted heart. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2019; 132:84-97. [PMID: 31085202 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2019.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
TGF-βs regulate fibroblast responses, by activating Smad2 or Smad3 signaling, or via Smad-independent pathways. We have previously demonstrated that myofibroblast-specific Smad3 is critically implicated in repair of the infarcted heart. However, the role of fibroblast Smad2 in myocardial infarction remains unknown. This study investigates the role of myofibroblast-specific Smad2 signaling in myocardial infarction, and explores the mechanisms responsible for the distinct effects of Smad2 and Smad3. In a mouse model of non-reperfused myocardial infarction, Smad2 activation in infarct myofibroblasts peaked 7 days after coronary occlusion. In vitro, TGF-β1, -β2 and -β3, but not angiotensin 2 and bone morphogenetic proteins-2, -4 and -7, activated fibroblast Smad2. Myofibroblast-specific Smad2 and Smad3 knockout mice (FS2KO, FS3KO) and corresponding control littermates underwent non-reperfused infarction. In contrast to the increase in rupture rates and adverse remodeling in FS3KO mice, FS2KO animals had mortality comparable to Smad2 fl/fl controls, and exhibited a modest but transient improvement in dysfunction after 7 days of coronary occlusion. At the 28 day timepoint, FS2KO and Smad2 fl/fl mice had comparable adverse remodeling. Although both FS3KO and FS2KO animals had increased myofibroblast density in the infarct, only FS3KO mice exhibited impaired scar organization, associated with perturbed alignment of infarct myofibroblasts. In vitro, Smad3 but not Smad2 knockdown downmodulated fibroblast α2 and α5 integrin expression. Moreover, Smad3 knockdown reduced expression of the GTPase RhoA, whereas Smad2 knockdown markedly increased fibroblast RhoA levels. Smad3-dependent integrin expression may be important for fibroblast activation, whereas RhoA may transduce planar cell polarity pathway signals, essential for fibroblast alignment. Myofibroblast-specific Smad3, but not Smad2 is required for formation of aligned myofibroblast arrays in the infarct. The distinct in vivo effects of myofibroblast Smad2 and Smad3 may involve Smad3-dependent integrin synthesis, and contrasting effects of Smad2 and Smad3 on RhoA expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuaibo Huang
- The Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States of America
| | - Bijun Chen
- The Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States of America
| | - Ya Su
- The Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States of America
| | - Linda Alex
- The Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States of America
| | - Claudio Humeres
- The Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States of America
| | - Arti V Shinde
- The Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States of America
| | - Simon J Conway
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America
| | - Nikolaos G Frangogiannis
- The Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States of America.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Imaeda A, Tanaka S, Tonegawa K, Fuchigami S, Obana M, Maeda M, Kihara M, Kiyonari H, Conway SJ, Fujio Y, Nakayama H. Myofibroblast β2 adrenergic signaling amplifies cardiac hypertrophy in mice. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 510:149-155. [PMID: 30683314 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.01.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Abnormal β-adrenergic signaling plays a central role in human heart failure. In mice, chronic β-adrenergic receptor (βAR) stimulation elicits cardiac hypertrophy. It has been reported that cultured cardiac fibroblasts express βAR; however, the functional in vivo requirement of βAR signaling in cardiac fibroblasts during the development of cardiac hypertrophy remains elusive. β2AR null mice exhibited attenuated hypertrophic responses to chronic βAR stimulation upon continuous infusion of an agonist, isoprenaline (ISO), compared to those in wildtype controls, suggesting that β2AR activation in the heart induces pro-hypertrophic effects in mice. Since β2AR signaling is protective in cardiomyocytes, we focused on β2AR signaling in cardiac myofibroblasts. To determine whether β2AR signaling in myofibroblasts affects cardiac hypertrophy, we generated myofibroblast-specific transgenic mice (TG) with the catalytic subunit of protein kinase A (PKAcα) using Cre-loxP system. Myofibroblast-specific PKAcα overexpression resulted in enhanced heart weight normalized to body weight ratio, associated with an enlargement of cardiomyocytes at 12 weeks of age, indicating that myofibroblast-specific activation of PKA mediates cardiac hypertrophy in mice. Neonatal rat cardiomyocytes stimulated with conditioned media from TG cardiac fibroblasts likewise exhibited significantly more growth than those from controls. Thus, β2AR signaling in myofibroblasts plays a substantial role in ISO-induced cardiac hypertrophy, possibly due to a paracrine effect. β2AR signaling in cardiac myofibroblasts may represent a promising target for development of novel therapies for cardiac hypertrophy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Atsuki Imaeda
- Laboratory of Clinical Science and Biomedicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shota Tanaka
- Laboratory of Clinical Science and Biomedicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kota Tonegawa
- Laboratory of Clinical Science and Biomedicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shota Fuchigami
- Laboratory of Clinical Science and Biomedicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masanori Obana
- Laboratory of Clinical Science and Biomedicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Makiko Maeda
- Educational and Research Unit of Pharm.D. Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Miho Kihara
- Laboratories for Animal Resource Development, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kiyonari
- Laboratories for Animal Resource Development, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan; Genetic Engineering, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Simon J Conway
- Herman B. Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Yasushi Fujio
- Laboratory of Clinical Science and Biomedicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Nakayama
- Laboratory of Clinical Science and Biomedicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Dufeys C, Daskalopoulos EP, Noppe G, Bouzin C, Ginion A, Conway SJ, Papageorgiou AP, Balligand JL, Bertrand L, Beauloye C, Horman S. P935Specific invalidation of AMP-activated protein kinase alpha1 in cardiac fibroblasts exacerbates left ventricular remodeling following ischemia in mice. Eur Heart J 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy564.p935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- C Dufeys
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC), Cardiovascular Research Unit - CARD, Brussels, Belgium
| | - E P Daskalopoulos
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC), Cardiovascular Research Unit - CARD, Brussels, Belgium
| | - G Noppe
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC), Cardiovascular Research Unit - CARD, Brussels, Belgium
| | - C Bouzin
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC), Imagery platform, Brussels, Belgium
| | - A Ginion
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC), Cardiovascular Research Unit - CARD, Brussels, Belgium
| | - S J Conway
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indianapolis, United States of America
| | - A P Papageorgiou
- Catholic University of Louvain (UCL), Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - J.-L Balligand
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC), Pharmacology and Therapeutic Unit, Brussels, Belgium
| | - L Bertrand
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC), Cardiovascular Research Unit - CARD, Brussels, Belgium
| | - C Beauloye
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC), Cardiovascular Research Unit - CARD, Brussels, Belgium
| | - S Horman
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC), Cardiovascular Research Unit - CARD, Brussels, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Chen G, Bracamonte-Baran W, Diny NL, Hou X, Talor MV, Fu K, Liu Y, Davogustto G, Vasquez H, Taegtmeyer H, Frazier OH, Waisman A, Conway SJ, Wan F, Čiháková D. Sca-1 + cardiac fibroblasts promote development of heart failure. Eur J Immunol 2018; 48:1522-1538. [PMID: 29953616 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201847583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Revised: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The causative effect of GM-CSF produced by cardiac fibroblasts to development of heart failure has not been shown. We identified the pathological GM-CSF-producing cardiac fibroblast subset and the specific deletion of IL-17A signaling to these cells attenuated cardiac inflammation and heart failure. We describe here the CD45- CD31- CD29+ mEF-SK4+ PDGFRα+ Sca-1+ periostin+ (Sca-1+ ) cardiac fibroblast subset as the main GM-CSF producer in both experimental autoimmune myocarditis and myocardial infarction mouse models. Specific ablation of IL-17A signaling to Sca-1+ periostin+ cardiac fibroblasts (PostnCre Il17rafl/fl ) protected mice from post-infarct heart failure and death. Moreover, PostnCre Il17rafl/fl mice had significantly fewer GM-CSF-producing Sca-1+ cardiac fibroblasts and inflammatory Ly6Chi monocytes in the heart. Sca-1+ cardiac fibroblasts were not only potent GM-CSF producers, but also exhibited plasticity and switched their cytokine production profiles depending on local microenvironments. Moreover, we also found GM-CSF-positive cardiac fibroblasts in cardiac biopsy samples from heart failure patients of myocarditis or ischemic origin. Thus, this is the first identification of a pathological GM-CSF-producing cardiac fibroblast subset in human and mice hearts with myocarditis and ischemic cardiomyopathy. Sca-1+ cardiac fibroblasts direct the type of immune cells infiltrating the heart during cardiac inflammation and drive the development of heart failure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guobao Chen
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Nicola L Diny
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Xuezhou Hou
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Monica V Talor
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kai Fu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yue Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Giovanni Davogustto
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, McGovern Medical School at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Hernan Vasquez
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, McGovern Medical School at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Heinrich Taegtmeyer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, McGovern Medical School at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - O Howard Frazier
- Texas Heart Institute, CHI St. Luke's Health - Baylor St. Luke's Medical Center, MC 2-114A, PO Box 20345, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ari Waisman
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Simon J Conway
- Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Fengyi Wan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Daniela Čiháková
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Nakazeki F, Nishiga M, Horie T, Nishi H, Nakashima Y, Baba O, Kuwabara Y, Nishino T, Nakao T, Ide Y, Koyama S, Kimura M, Tsuji S, Sowa N, Yoshida S, Conway SJ, Yanagita M, Kimura T, Ono K. Loss of periostin ameliorates adipose tissue inflammation and fibrosis in vivo. Sci Rep 2018; 8:8553. [PMID: 29867212 PMCID: PMC5986813 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-27009-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent evidence suggests that the accumulation of macrophages as a result of obesity-induced adipose tissue hypoxia is crucial for the regulation of tissue fibrosis, but the molecular mechanisms underlying adipose tissue fibrosis are still unknown. In this study, we revealed that periostin (Postn) is produced at extraordinary levels by adipose tissue after feeding with a high-fat diet (HFD). Postn was secreted at least from macrophages in visceral adipose tissue during the development of obesity, possibly due to hypoxia. Postn-/- mice had lower levels of crown-like structure formation and fibrosis in adipose tissue and were protected from liver steatosis. These mice also showed amelioration in systemic insulin resistance compared with HFD-fed WT littermates. Mice deficient in Postn in their hematopoietic compartment also had lower levels of inflammation in adipose tissue, in parallel with a reduction in ectopic lipid accumulation compared with the controls. Our data indicated that the regulation of Postn in visceral fat could be beneficial for the maintenance of healthy adipose tissue in obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fumiko Nakazeki
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Masataka Nishiga
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Takahiro Horie
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Hitoo Nishi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Nakashima
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Osamu Baba
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Yasuhide Kuwabara
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Nishino
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Tetsushi Nakao
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Yuya Ide
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Satoshi Koyama
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Masahiro Kimura
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Shuhei Tsuji
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Naoya Sowa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Shigeo Yoshida
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Simon J Conway
- Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Motoko Yanagita
- Department of Nephrology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kimura
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Koh Ono
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Wang Y, Wu B, Farrar E, Lui W, Lu P, Zhang D, Alfieri CM, Mao K, Chu M, Yang D, Xu D, Rauchman M, Taylor V, Conway SJ, Yutzey KE, Butcher JT, Zhou B. Notch-Tnf signalling is required for development and homeostasis of arterial valves. Eur Heart J 2018; 38:675-686. [PMID: 26491108 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehv520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2015] [Accepted: 09/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims Congenital anomalies of arterial valves are common birth defects, leading to valvar stenosis. With no pharmaceutical treatment that can prevent the disease progression, prosthetic replacement is the only choice of treatment, incurring considerable morbidity and mortality. Animal models presenting localized anomalies and stenosis of congenital arterial valves similar to that of humans are critically needed research tools to uncover developmental molecular mechanisms underlying this devastating human condition. Methods and results We generated and characterized mouse models with conditionally altered Notch signalling in endothelial or interstitial cells of developing valves. Mice with inactivation of Notch1 signalling in valvar endothelial cells (VEC) developed congenital anomalies of arterial valves including bicuspid aortic valves and valvar stenosis. Notch1 signalling in VEC was required for repressing proliferation and activating apoptosis of valvar interstitial cells (VIC) after endocardial-to-mesenchymal transformation (EMT). We showed that Notch signalling regulated Tnfα expression in vivo, and Tnf signalling was necessary for apoptosis of VIC and post-EMT development of arterial valves. Furthermore, activation or inhibition of Notch signalling in cultured pig aortic VEC-promoted or suppressed apoptosis of VIC, respectively. Conclusion We have now met the need of critical animal models and shown that Notch-Tnf signalling balances proliferation and apoptosis for post-EMT development of arterial valves. Our results suggest that mutations in its components may lead to congenital anomaly of aortic valves and valvar stenosis in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yidong Wang
- Department of Genetics, Pediatrics, and Medicine (Cardiology), Wilf Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Price 420, 1301 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY 14061, USA
| | - Bingruo Wu
- Department of Genetics, Pediatrics, and Medicine (Cardiology), Wilf Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Price 420, 1301 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY 14061, USA
| | - Emily Farrar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Wendy Lui
- Department of Genetics, Pediatrics, and Medicine (Cardiology), Wilf Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Price 420, 1301 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY 14061, USA
| | - Pengfei Lu
- Department of Genetics, Pediatrics, and Medicine (Cardiology), Wilf Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Price 420, 1301 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY 14061, USA
| | - Donghong Zhang
- Department of Genetics, Pediatrics, and Medicine (Cardiology), Wilf Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Price 420, 1301 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY 14061, USA
| | - Christina M Alfieri
- Division of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology, Cincinnati Children's Medical Centre, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Kai Mao
- Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Ming Chu
- Department of Medicine and Geriatrics (Cardiology), First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Di Yang
- Department of Medicine and Geriatrics (Cardiology), First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Di Xu
- Department of Medicine and Geriatrics (Cardiology), First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Michael Rauchman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Verdon Taylor
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Simon J Conway
- Department of Paediatrics, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Katherine E Yutzey
- Division of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology, Cincinnati Children's Medical Centre, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Jonathan T Butcher
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Bin Zhou
- Department of Genetics, Pediatrics, and Medicine (Cardiology), Wilf Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Price 420, 1301 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY 14061, USA.,Department of Medicine and Geriatrics (Cardiology), First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Duchamp de Lageneste O, Julien A, Abou-Khalil R, Frangi G, Carvalho C, Cagnard N, Cordier C, Conway SJ, Colnot C. Periosteum contains skeletal stem cells with high bone regenerative potential controlled by Periostin. Nat Commun 2018; 9:773. [PMID: 29472541 PMCID: PMC5823889 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-03124-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 306] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone regeneration relies on the activation of skeletal stem cells (SSCs) that still remain poorly characterized. Here, we show that periosteum contains SSCs with high bone regenerative potential compared to bone marrow stromal cells/skeletal stem cells (BMSCs) in mice. Although periosteal cells (PCs) and BMSCs are derived from a common embryonic mesenchymal lineage, postnatally PCs exhibit greater clonogenicity, growth and differentiation capacity than BMSCs. During bone repair, PCs can efficiently contribute to cartilage and bone, and integrate long-term after transplantation. Molecular profiling uncovers genes encoding Periostin and other extracellular matrix molecules associated with the enhanced response to injury of PCs. Periostin gene deletion impairs PC functions and fracture consolidation. Periostin-deficient periosteum cannot reconstitute a pool of PCs after injury demonstrating the presence of SSCs within periosteum and the requirement of Periostin in maintaining this pool. Overall our results highlight the importance of analyzing periosteum and PCs to understand bone phenotypes. The periosteum, a tissue lining the bone surface, and the bone marrow are known to contain bone-forming cells. Here the authors show that skeletal stem cells reside in the mouse periosteum, and that periosteal cells have common embryonic origins with bone marrow stromal/stem cells (BMSCs), but are better at bone repair and long-term integration than BMSCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Anaïs Julien
- INSERM UMR1163, Imagine Institute, Paris Descartes University, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Rana Abou-Khalil
- INSERM UMR1163, Imagine Institute, Paris Descartes University, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Giulia Frangi
- INSERM UMR1163, Imagine Institute, Paris Descartes University, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Caroline Carvalho
- INSERM UMR1163, Imagine Institute, Paris Descartes University, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Cagnard
- Paris-Descartes Bioinformatics Platform, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Corinne Cordier
- INSERM US24 - CNRS UMS3633 Cytometry Platform, Paris Descartes University, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Simon J Conway
- Herman B. Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Céline Colnot
- INSERM UMR1163, Imagine Institute, Paris Descartes University, 75015, Paris, France.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Nunomura S, Nanri Y, Ogawa M, Arima K, Mitamura Y, Yoshihara T, Hasuwa H, Conway SJ, Izuhara K. Constitutive overexpression of periostin delays wound healing in mouse skin. Wound Repair Regen 2018; 26:6-15. [PMID: 29418037 PMCID: PMC5906136 DOI: 10.1111/wrr.12616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Periostin is a matricellular protein involved in development, maintenance, and regulation of tissues and organs via by binding to cell surface integrin receptors. Pathologically, periostin plays an important role in the process of wound healing: as a deficiency of the Postn gene delays wound closure and periostin is consistently up-regulated in response to injury and skin diseases. However, the functional role of elevated periostin in the process of wound healing has not been tested. In this study, we generated Postn-transgenic mice under the control of the CAG promoter/enhancer to investigate the effects of constitutive overexpression of full length periostin during its pathophysiological roles. Transgenic mice showed significant overexpression of periostin in skin, lung, and heart, but no morphological changes were observed. However, when these transgenic mice were injured, periostin overexpression delayed the closure of excisional wounds. Expression of IL-1β and TNFα, pro-inflammatory cytokines important for wound healing, was significantly decreased in the transgenic mice, prior to delayed healing. Infiltration of neutrophils and macrophages, the main sources of IL-1β and TNFα, was also down-regulated in the transgenic wound sites. From these data, we conclude that enforced expression of periostin delays wound closure due to reduced infiltration of neutrophils and macrophages followed by down-regulation of IL-1β and TNFα expression. This suggests that regulated spatiotemporal expression of periostin is important for efficient wound healing and that constitutive periostin overexpression interrupts the normal process of wound closure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Nunomura
- Division of Medical Biochemistry, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Saga Medical School, 5-1-1 Nabeshima, Saga 849-8501, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Nanri
- Division of Medical Biochemistry, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Saga Medical School, 5-1-1 Nabeshima, Saga 849-8501, Japan
| | - Masahiro Ogawa
- Division of Medical Biochemistry, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Saga Medical School, 5-1-1 Nabeshima, Saga 849-8501, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Arima
- Division of Medical Biochemistry, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Saga Medical School, 5-1-1 Nabeshima, Saga 849-8501, Japan
| | - Yasutaka Mitamura
- Division of Medical Biochemistry, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Saga Medical School, 5-1-1 Nabeshima, Saga 849-8501, Japan
| | - Tomohito Yoshihara
- Division of Medical Biochemistry, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Saga Medical School, 5-1-1 Nabeshima, Saga 849-8501, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Hasuwa
- Department of Experimental Genome Research, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, 3-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Simon J. Conway
- Herman B. Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Kenji Izuhara
- Division of Medical Biochemistry, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Saga Medical School, 5-1-1 Nabeshima, Saga 849-8501, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Kong P, Shinde AV, Su Y, Russo I, Chen B, Saxena A, Conway SJ, Graff JM, Frangogiannis NG. Opposing Actions of Fibroblast and Cardiomyocyte Smad3 Signaling in the Infarcted Myocardium. Circulation 2017; 137:707-724. [PMID: 29229611 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.117.029622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2017] [Accepted: 10/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transforming growth factor-βs regulate a wide range of cellular responses by activating Smad-dependent and Smad-independent cascades. In the infarcted heart, Smad3 signaling is activated in both cardiomyocytes and interstitial cells. We hypothesized that cell-specific actions of Smad3 regulate repair and remodeling in the infarcted myocardium. METHODS To dissect cell-specific Smad3 actions in myocardial infarction, we generated mice with Smad3 loss in activated fibroblasts or cardiomyocytes. Cardiac function was assessed after reperfused or nonreperfused infarction using echocardiography. The effects of cell-specific Smad3 loss on the infarcted heart were studied using histological studies, assessment of protein, and gene expression levels. In vitro, we studied Smad-dependent and Smad-independent actions in isolated cardiac fibroblasts. RESULTS Mice with fibroblast-specific Smad3 loss had accentuated adverse remodeling after reperfused infarction and exhibited an increased incidence of late rupture after nonreperfused infarction. The consequences of fibroblast-specific Smad3 loss were not a result of effects on acute infarct size but were associated with unrestrained fibroblast proliferation, impaired scar remodeling, reduced fibroblast-derived collagen synthesis, and perturbed alignment of myofibroblast arrays in the infarct. Polarized light microscopy in Sirius red-stained sections demonstrated that the changes in fibroblast morphology were associated with perturbed organization of the collagenous matrix in the infarcted area. In contrast, α-smooth muscle actin expression by infarct myofibroblasts was not affected by Smad3 loss. Smad3 critically regulated fibroblast function, activating integrin-mediated nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase-2 (NOX-2) expression. Smad3 loss in cardiomyocytes attenuated remodeling and dysfunction after infarction. Cardiomyocyte-specific Smad3 loss did not affect acute infarct size but was associated with attenuated cardiomyocyte apoptosis in the remodeling myocardium, accompanied by decreased myocardial NOX-2 levels, reduced nitrosative stress, and lower matrix metalloproteinase-2 expression. CONCLUSIONS In healing myocardial infarction, myofibroblast- and cardiomyocyte-specific activation of Smad3 has contrasting functional outcomes that may involve activation of an integrin/reactive oxygen axis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ping Kong
- Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY (P.K., A.V.S., Y.S., I.R., B.C., A.S., N.G.F.)
| | - Arti V Shinde
- Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY (P.K., A.V.S., Y.S., I.R., B.C., A.S., N.G.F.)
| | - Ya Su
- Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY (P.K., A.V.S., Y.S., I.R., B.C., A.S., N.G.F.)
| | - Ilaria Russo
- Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY (P.K., A.V.S., Y.S., I.R., B.C., A.S., N.G.F.)
| | - Bijun Chen
- Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY (P.K., A.V.S., Y.S., I.R., B.C., A.S., N.G.F.)
| | - Amit Saxena
- Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY (P.K., A.V.S., Y.S., I.R., B.C., A.S., N.G.F.)
| | - Simon J Conway
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University, Indianapolis (S.J.C.)
| | - Jonathan M Graff
- Department of Developmental Biology, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas (J.M.G.)
| | - Nikolaos G Frangogiannis
- Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY (P.K., A.V.S., Y.S., I.R., B.C., A.S., N.G.F.)
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Poulsen ET, Runager K, Nielsen NS, Lukassen MV, Thomsen K, Snider P, Simmons O, Vorum H, Conway SJ, Enghild JJ. Proteomic profiling of TGFBI-null mouse corneas reveals only minor changes in matrix composition supportive of TGFBI knockdown as therapy against TGFBI-linked corneal dystrophies. FEBS J 2017; 285:101-114. [PMID: 29117645 DOI: 10.1111/febs.14321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Revised: 09/25/2017] [Accepted: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
TGFBIp is a constituent of the extracellular matrix in many human tissues including the cornea, where it is one of the most abundant proteins expressed. TGFBIp interacts with Type I, II, IV, VI, and XII collagens as well as several members of the integrin family, suggesting it plays an important role in maintaining structural integrity and possibly corneal transparency as well. Significantly, more than 60 point mutations within the TGFBI gene have been reported to result in aberrant TGFBIp folding and aggregation in the cornea, resulting in severe visual impairment and blindness. Several studies have focused on targeting TGFBIp in the cornea as a therapeutic approach to treat TGFBI-linked corneal dystrophies, but the effect of this approach on corneal homeostasis and matrix integrity remained unknown. In the current study, we evaluated the histological and proteomic profiles of corneas from TGFBI-deficient mice as well as potential redundant functions of the paralogous protein POSTN. The absence of TGFBIp in mouse corneas did not grossly affect the collagen scaffold, and POSTN is unable to compensate for loss of TGFBIp. Proteomic comparison of wild-type and TGFBI-/- mice revealed 11 proteins were differentially regulated, including Type VI and XII collagens. However, as these alterations did not manifest at the macroscopic and behavioral levels, these data support partial or complete TGFBI knockdown as a potential therapy against TGFBI-linked corneal dystrophies. Lastly, in situ hybridization verified TGFBI mRNA in the epithelial cells but not in other cell types, supportive of a therapy directed specifically at this lineage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kasper Runager
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Denmark
| | - Nadia Sukusu Nielsen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Denmark.,Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center, Aarhus University, Denmark
| | - Marie V Lukassen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Denmark.,Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center, Aarhus University, Denmark
| | - Karen Thomsen
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center, Aarhus University, Denmark
| | - Paige Snider
- Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Olga Simmons
- Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Henrik Vorum
- Department of Ophthalmology, Aalborg University Hospital, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Denmark
| | - Simon J Conway
- Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Jan J Enghild
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Denmark.,Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center, Aarhus University, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Wahle BM, Hawley ET, He Y, Smith AE, Yuan J, Masters AR, Jones DR, Gehlhausen JR, Park SJ, Conway SJ, Clapp DW, Yates CW. Chemopreventative celecoxib fails to prevent schwannoma formation or sensorineural hearing loss in genetically engineered murine model of neurofibromatosis type 2. Oncotarget 2017; 9:718-725. [PMID: 29416648 PMCID: PMC5787503 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the tumor suppressor gene NF2 lead to Neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2), a tumor predisposition syndrome characterized by the development of schwannomas, including bilateral vestibular schwannomas with complete penetrance. Recent work has implicated the importance of COX-2 in schwannoma growth. Using a genetically engineered murine model of NF2, we demonstrate that selective inhibition of COX-2 with celecoxib fails to prevent the spontaneous development of schwannomas or sensorineural hearing loss in vivo, despite elevated expression levels of COX-2 in Nf2-deficient tumor tissue. These results suggest that COX-2 is nonessential to schwannomagenesis and that the proposed tumor suppressive effects of NSAIDs on schwannomas may occur through COX-2 independent mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin M Wahle
- Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.,Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Eric T Hawley
- Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Yongzheng He
- Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Abbi E Smith
- Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Jin Yuan
- Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Andi R Masters
- Clinical Pharmacology Analytical Core, Indiana University Simon Cancer Center, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - David R Jones
- Clinical Pharmacology Analytical Core, Indiana University Simon Cancer Center, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Jeffrey R Gehlhausen
- Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Su-Jung Park
- Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Simon J Conway
- Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - D Wade Clapp
- Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Charles W Yates
- Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.,Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Izuhara K, Conway SJ, Moore BB, Matsumoto H, Holweg CTJ, Matthews JG, Arron JR. Roles of Periostin in Respiratory Disorders. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2017; 193:949-56. [PMID: 26756066 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201510-2032pp] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Periostin is a matricellular protein that has been implicated in many disease states. It interacts with multiple signaling cascades to modulate the expression of downstream genes that regulate cellular interactions within the extracellular matrix. This review focuses on the role of periostin in respiratory diseases, including asthma and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, and its potential to help guide treatment or assess prognosis. Epithelial injury is a common feature of many respiratory diseases, resulting in the secretion, among others, of periostin, which is subsequently involved in airway remodeling and other aspects of pulmonary pathophysiology. In asthma, periostin is recognized as a biomarker of type 2 inflammation; POSTN gene expression is up-regulated in bronchial epithelial cells by IL-13 and IL-4. Serum periostin has been evaluated for the identification of patients with increased clinical benefit from treatment with anti-IL-13 (lebrikizumab, tralokinumab) and anti-IgE (omalizumab) therapy and may be prognostic for increased risk of asthma exacerbations and progressive lung function decline. Furthermore, in asthma, periostin may regulate subepithelial fibrosis and mucus production and may serve as a systemic biomarker of eosinophilic airway inflammation. Periostin is also highly expressed in the lungs of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, and its serum levels may predict clinical progression. Overall, periostin contributes to multiple pathogenic processes across respiratory diseases, and peripheral blood levels of periostin may have utility as a biomarker of treatment response and disease progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Izuhara
- 1 Division of Medical Biochemistry, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Saga Medical School, Saga, Japan
| | - Simon J Conway
- 2 Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Bethany B Moore
- 3 Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, and.,4 Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Hisako Matsumoto
- 5 Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan; and
| | - Cecile T J Holweg
- 6 Genentech Inc. (a member of the Roche Group), South San Francisco, California
| | - John G Matthews
- 6 Genentech Inc. (a member of the Roche Group), South San Francisco, California
| | - Joseph R Arron
- 6 Genentech Inc. (a member of the Roche Group), South San Francisco, California
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Nishiga M, Horie T, Kuwabara Y, Nagao K, Baba O, Nakao T, Nishino T, Hakuno D, Nakashima Y, Nishi H, Nakazeki F, Ide Y, Koyama S, Kimura M, Hanada R, Nakamura T, Inada T, Hasegawa K, Conway SJ, Kita T, Kimura T, Ono K. MicroRNA-33 Controls Adaptive Fibrotic Response in the Remodeling Heart by Preserving Lipid Raft Cholesterol. Circ Res 2016; 120:835-847. [PMID: 27920122 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.116.309528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Revised: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Heart failure and atherosclerosis share the underlying mechanisms of chronic inflammation followed by fibrosis. A highly conserved microRNA (miR), miR-33, is considered as a potential therapeutic target for atherosclerosis because it regulates lipid metabolism and inflammation. However, the role of miR-33 in heart failure remains to be elucidated. OBJECTIVE To clarify the role of miR-33 involved in heart failure. METHODS AND RESULTS We first investigated the expression levels of miR-33a/b in human cardiac tissue samples with dilated cardiomyopathy. Increased expression of miR-33a was associated with improving hemodynamic parameters. To clarify the role of miR-33 in remodeling hearts, we investigated the responses to pressure overload by transverse aortic constriction in miR-33-deficient (knockout [KO]) mice. When mice were subjected to transverse aortic constriction, miR-33 expression levels were significantly upregulated in wild-type left ventricles. There was no difference in hypertrophic responses between wild-type and miR-33KO hearts, whereas cardiac fibrosis was ameliorated in miR-33KO hearts compared with wild-type hearts. Despite the ameliorated cardiac fibrosis, miR-33KO mice showed impaired systolic function after transverse aortic constriction. We also found that cardiac fibroblasts were mainly responsible for miR-33 expression in the heart. Deficiency of miR-33 impaired cardiac fibroblast proliferation, which was considered to be caused by altered lipid raft cholesterol content. Moreover, cardiac fibroblast-specific miR-33-deficient mice also showed decreased cardiac fibrosis induced by transverse aortic constriction as systemic miR-33KO mice. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrate that miR-33 is involved in cardiac remodeling, and it preserves lipid raft cholesterol content in fibroblasts and maintains adaptive fibrotic responses in the remodeling heart.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masataka Nishiga
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Japan (M.N., T.H., Y.K., O.B., T.Nakao, T.Nishino, D.H., Y.N., H.N., F.N., Y.I., S.K., M.K., R.H., T.Kimura, K.O.); Department of Cardiovascular Center, Osaka Red Cross Hospital, Japan (K.N., T.I.); Department of Pharmacology, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka, Japan (T.Nakamura); Division of Translational Research, Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Japan (K.H.); Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University of Medicine, Indianapolis (S.J.C.); and Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Japan (T.Kita)
| | - Takahiro Horie
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Japan (M.N., T.H., Y.K., O.B., T.Nakao, T.Nishino, D.H., Y.N., H.N., F.N., Y.I., S.K., M.K., R.H., T.Kimura, K.O.); Department of Cardiovascular Center, Osaka Red Cross Hospital, Japan (K.N., T.I.); Department of Pharmacology, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka, Japan (T.Nakamura); Division of Translational Research, Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Japan (K.H.); Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University of Medicine, Indianapolis (S.J.C.); and Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Japan (T.Kita)
| | - Yasuhide Kuwabara
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Japan (M.N., T.H., Y.K., O.B., T.Nakao, T.Nishino, D.H., Y.N., H.N., F.N., Y.I., S.K., M.K., R.H., T.Kimura, K.O.); Department of Cardiovascular Center, Osaka Red Cross Hospital, Japan (K.N., T.I.); Department of Pharmacology, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka, Japan (T.Nakamura); Division of Translational Research, Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Japan (K.H.); Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University of Medicine, Indianapolis (S.J.C.); and Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Japan (T.Kita)
| | - Kazuya Nagao
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Japan (M.N., T.H., Y.K., O.B., T.Nakao, T.Nishino, D.H., Y.N., H.N., F.N., Y.I., S.K., M.K., R.H., T.Kimura, K.O.); Department of Cardiovascular Center, Osaka Red Cross Hospital, Japan (K.N., T.I.); Department of Pharmacology, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka, Japan (T.Nakamura); Division of Translational Research, Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Japan (K.H.); Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University of Medicine, Indianapolis (S.J.C.); and Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Japan (T.Kita)
| | - Osamu Baba
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Japan (M.N., T.H., Y.K., O.B., T.Nakao, T.Nishino, D.H., Y.N., H.N., F.N., Y.I., S.K., M.K., R.H., T.Kimura, K.O.); Department of Cardiovascular Center, Osaka Red Cross Hospital, Japan (K.N., T.I.); Department of Pharmacology, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka, Japan (T.Nakamura); Division of Translational Research, Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Japan (K.H.); Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University of Medicine, Indianapolis (S.J.C.); and Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Japan (T.Kita)
| | - Tetsushi Nakao
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Japan (M.N., T.H., Y.K., O.B., T.Nakao, T.Nishino, D.H., Y.N., H.N., F.N., Y.I., S.K., M.K., R.H., T.Kimura, K.O.); Department of Cardiovascular Center, Osaka Red Cross Hospital, Japan (K.N., T.I.); Department of Pharmacology, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka, Japan (T.Nakamura); Division of Translational Research, Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Japan (K.H.); Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University of Medicine, Indianapolis (S.J.C.); and Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Japan (T.Kita)
| | - Tomohiro Nishino
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Japan (M.N., T.H., Y.K., O.B., T.Nakao, T.Nishino, D.H., Y.N., H.N., F.N., Y.I., S.K., M.K., R.H., T.Kimura, K.O.); Department of Cardiovascular Center, Osaka Red Cross Hospital, Japan (K.N., T.I.); Department of Pharmacology, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka, Japan (T.Nakamura); Division of Translational Research, Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Japan (K.H.); Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University of Medicine, Indianapolis (S.J.C.); and Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Japan (T.Kita)
| | - Daihiko Hakuno
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Japan (M.N., T.H., Y.K., O.B., T.Nakao, T.Nishino, D.H., Y.N., H.N., F.N., Y.I., S.K., M.K., R.H., T.Kimura, K.O.); Department of Cardiovascular Center, Osaka Red Cross Hospital, Japan (K.N., T.I.); Department of Pharmacology, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka, Japan (T.Nakamura); Division of Translational Research, Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Japan (K.H.); Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University of Medicine, Indianapolis (S.J.C.); and Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Japan (T.Kita)
| | - Yasuhiro Nakashima
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Japan (M.N., T.H., Y.K., O.B., T.Nakao, T.Nishino, D.H., Y.N., H.N., F.N., Y.I., S.K., M.K., R.H., T.Kimura, K.O.); Department of Cardiovascular Center, Osaka Red Cross Hospital, Japan (K.N., T.I.); Department of Pharmacology, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka, Japan (T.Nakamura); Division of Translational Research, Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Japan (K.H.); Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University of Medicine, Indianapolis (S.J.C.); and Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Japan (T.Kita)
| | - Hitoo Nishi
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Japan (M.N., T.H., Y.K., O.B., T.Nakao, T.Nishino, D.H., Y.N., H.N., F.N., Y.I., S.K., M.K., R.H., T.Kimura, K.O.); Department of Cardiovascular Center, Osaka Red Cross Hospital, Japan (K.N., T.I.); Department of Pharmacology, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka, Japan (T.Nakamura); Division of Translational Research, Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Japan (K.H.); Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University of Medicine, Indianapolis (S.J.C.); and Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Japan (T.Kita)
| | - Fumiko Nakazeki
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Japan (M.N., T.H., Y.K., O.B., T.Nakao, T.Nishino, D.H., Y.N., H.N., F.N., Y.I., S.K., M.K., R.H., T.Kimura, K.O.); Department of Cardiovascular Center, Osaka Red Cross Hospital, Japan (K.N., T.I.); Department of Pharmacology, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka, Japan (T.Nakamura); Division of Translational Research, Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Japan (K.H.); Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University of Medicine, Indianapolis (S.J.C.); and Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Japan (T.Kita)
| | - Yuya Ide
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Japan (M.N., T.H., Y.K., O.B., T.Nakao, T.Nishino, D.H., Y.N., H.N., F.N., Y.I., S.K., M.K., R.H., T.Kimura, K.O.); Department of Cardiovascular Center, Osaka Red Cross Hospital, Japan (K.N., T.I.); Department of Pharmacology, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka, Japan (T.Nakamura); Division of Translational Research, Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Japan (K.H.); Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University of Medicine, Indianapolis (S.J.C.); and Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Japan (T.Kita)
| | - Satoshi Koyama
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Japan (M.N., T.H., Y.K., O.B., T.Nakao, T.Nishino, D.H., Y.N., H.N., F.N., Y.I., S.K., M.K., R.H., T.Kimura, K.O.); Department of Cardiovascular Center, Osaka Red Cross Hospital, Japan (K.N., T.I.); Department of Pharmacology, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka, Japan (T.Nakamura); Division of Translational Research, Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Japan (K.H.); Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University of Medicine, Indianapolis (S.J.C.); and Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Japan (T.Kita)
| | - Masahiro Kimura
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Japan (M.N., T.H., Y.K., O.B., T.Nakao, T.Nishino, D.H., Y.N., H.N., F.N., Y.I., S.K., M.K., R.H., T.Kimura, K.O.); Department of Cardiovascular Center, Osaka Red Cross Hospital, Japan (K.N., T.I.); Department of Pharmacology, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka, Japan (T.Nakamura); Division of Translational Research, Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Japan (K.H.); Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University of Medicine, Indianapolis (S.J.C.); and Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Japan (T.Kita)
| | - Ritsuko Hanada
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Japan (M.N., T.H., Y.K., O.B., T.Nakao, T.Nishino, D.H., Y.N., H.N., F.N., Y.I., S.K., M.K., R.H., T.Kimura, K.O.); Department of Cardiovascular Center, Osaka Red Cross Hospital, Japan (K.N., T.I.); Department of Pharmacology, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka, Japan (T.Nakamura); Division of Translational Research, Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Japan (K.H.); Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University of Medicine, Indianapolis (S.J.C.); and Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Japan (T.Kita)
| | - Tomoyuki Nakamura
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Japan (M.N., T.H., Y.K., O.B., T.Nakao, T.Nishino, D.H., Y.N., H.N., F.N., Y.I., S.K., M.K., R.H., T.Kimura, K.O.); Department of Cardiovascular Center, Osaka Red Cross Hospital, Japan (K.N., T.I.); Department of Pharmacology, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka, Japan (T.Nakamura); Division of Translational Research, Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Japan (K.H.); Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University of Medicine, Indianapolis (S.J.C.); and Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Japan (T.Kita)
| | - Tsukasa Inada
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Japan (M.N., T.H., Y.K., O.B., T.Nakao, T.Nishino, D.H., Y.N., H.N., F.N., Y.I., S.K., M.K., R.H., T.Kimura, K.O.); Department of Cardiovascular Center, Osaka Red Cross Hospital, Japan (K.N., T.I.); Department of Pharmacology, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka, Japan (T.Nakamura); Division of Translational Research, Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Japan (K.H.); Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University of Medicine, Indianapolis (S.J.C.); and Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Japan (T.Kita)
| | - Koji Hasegawa
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Japan (M.N., T.H., Y.K., O.B., T.Nakao, T.Nishino, D.H., Y.N., H.N., F.N., Y.I., S.K., M.K., R.H., T.Kimura, K.O.); Department of Cardiovascular Center, Osaka Red Cross Hospital, Japan (K.N., T.I.); Department of Pharmacology, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka, Japan (T.Nakamura); Division of Translational Research, Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Japan (K.H.); Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University of Medicine, Indianapolis (S.J.C.); and Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Japan (T.Kita)
| | - Simon J Conway
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Japan (M.N., T.H., Y.K., O.B., T.Nakao, T.Nishino, D.H., Y.N., H.N., F.N., Y.I., S.K., M.K., R.H., T.Kimura, K.O.); Department of Cardiovascular Center, Osaka Red Cross Hospital, Japan (K.N., T.I.); Department of Pharmacology, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka, Japan (T.Nakamura); Division of Translational Research, Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Japan (K.H.); Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University of Medicine, Indianapolis (S.J.C.); and Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Japan (T.Kita)
| | - Toru Kita
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Japan (M.N., T.H., Y.K., O.B., T.Nakao, T.Nishino, D.H., Y.N., H.N., F.N., Y.I., S.K., M.K., R.H., T.Kimura, K.O.); Department of Cardiovascular Center, Osaka Red Cross Hospital, Japan (K.N., T.I.); Department of Pharmacology, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka, Japan (T.Nakamura); Division of Translational Research, Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Japan (K.H.); Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University of Medicine, Indianapolis (S.J.C.); and Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Japan (T.Kita)
| | - Takeshi Kimura
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Japan (M.N., T.H., Y.K., O.B., T.Nakao, T.Nishino, D.H., Y.N., H.N., F.N., Y.I., S.K., M.K., R.H., T.Kimura, K.O.); Department of Cardiovascular Center, Osaka Red Cross Hospital, Japan (K.N., T.I.); Department of Pharmacology, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka, Japan (T.Nakamura); Division of Translational Research, Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Japan (K.H.); Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University of Medicine, Indianapolis (S.J.C.); and Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Japan (T.Kita)
| | - Koh Ono
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Japan (M.N., T.H., Y.K., O.B., T.Nakao, T.Nishino, D.H., Y.N., H.N., F.N., Y.I., S.K., M.K., R.H., T.Kimura, K.O.); Department of Cardiovascular Center, Osaka Red Cross Hospital, Japan (K.N., T.I.); Department of Pharmacology, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka, Japan (T.Nakamura); Division of Translational Research, Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Japan (K.H.); Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University of Medicine, Indianapolis (S.J.C.); and Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Japan (T.Kita).
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Sugiyama A, Kanno K, Nishimichi N, Ohta S, Ono J, Conway SJ, Izuhara K, Yokosaki Y, Tazuma S. Periostin promotes hepatic fibrosis in mice by modulating hepatic stellate cell activation via α v integrin interaction. J Gastroenterol 2016; 51:1161-1174. [PMID: 27039906 DOI: 10.1007/s00535-016-1206-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2016] [Accepted: 03/26/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Periostin is a matricellular protein that serves as a ligand for integrins and is required for tissue remodeling and fibrosis. We investigated the role of periostin in hepatic fibrosis and the mechanisms involved. METHODS Primary hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) and the HSC-immortalized cell line LX2 were used to study the profibrotic property of periostin and the interaction of periostin with integrins. Wild-type and periostin-deficient (periostin-/-) mice were subjected to two distinct models of liver fibrosis induced by hepatotoxic (carbon tetrachloride or thioacetamide) or cholestatic (3.5-diethoxycarbonyl-1.4-dihydrocollidine) injury. RESULTS Periostin expression in HSCs and LX2 cells increased in association with their activation. Gene silencing of periostin resulted in a significant reduction in the levels of profibrotic markers. In addition to enhanced cell migration in response to periostin, LX2 cells incubated on periostin showed significant induction of α-smooth muscle actin and collagen, indicating a profibrotic property. An antibody targeting αvβ5 and αvβ3 integrins suppressed cell attachment to periostin by 60 and 30 % respectively, whereas anti-α5β1 antibody had no effect. Consistently, αv integrin-silenced LX2 cells exhibited decreased attachment to periostin, with a significant reduction in the levels of profibrotic markers. Moreover, these profibrotic effects of periostin were observed in the mouse models. In contrast to extensive collagen deposition in wild-type mice, periostin-/- mice developed less noticeable hepatic fibrosis induced by hepatotoxic and cholestatic liver injury. Accordingly, the profibrotic markers were significantly reduced in periostin-/- mice. CONCLUSION Periostin exerts potent profibrotic activity mediated by αv integrin, suggesting the periostin-αv integrin axis as a novel therapeutic target for hepatic fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Sugiyama
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Hiroshima University Hospital, 1-2-3, Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
| | - Keishi Kanno
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Hiroshima University Hospital, 1-2-3, Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan.
| | - Norihisa Nishimichi
- Cell-Matrix Frontier Laboratory, Biomedical Research Unit, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3, Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
| | - Shoichiro Ohta
- Division of Medical Biochemistry, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Saga Medical School, 5-1-1, Nabeshima, Saga, 849-8501, Japan
| | - Junya Ono
- Central Institute, Shino-Test Corporation, 2-29-14, Oonodai Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0331, Japan
| | - Simon J Conway
- Herman B. Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Kenji Izuhara
- Division of Medical Biochemistry, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Saga Medical School, 5-1-1, Nabeshima, Saga, 849-8501, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Yokosaki
- Cell-Matrix Frontier Laboratory, Biomedical Research Unit, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3, Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
| | - Susumu Tazuma
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Hiroshima University Hospital, 1-2-3, Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Lucas C, Ferreira C, Cazzanelli G, Franco-Duarte R, Tulha J, Roelink H, Conway SJ. Yeast Gup1(2) Proteins Are Homologues of the Hedgehog Morphogens Acyltransferases HHAT(L): Facts and Implications. J Dev Biol 2016; 4:E33. [PMID: 29615596 PMCID: PMC5831804 DOI: 10.3390/jdb4040033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2016] [Revised: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In multiple tissues, the Hedgehog secreted morphogen activates in the receiving cells a pathway involved in cell fate, proliferation and differentiation in the receiving cells. This pathway is particularly important during embryogenesis. The protein HHAT (Hedgehog O-acyltransferase) modifies Hh morphogens prior to their secretion, while HHATL (Hh O-acyltransferase-like) negatively regulates the pathway. HHAT and HHATL are homologous to Saccharomyces cerevisiae Gup2 and Gup1, respectively. In yeast, Gup1 is associated with a high number and diversity of biological functions, namely polarity establishment, secretory/endocytic pathway functionality, vacuole morphology and wall and membrane composition, structure and maintenance. Phenotypes underlying death, morphogenesis and differentiation are also included. Paracrine signalling, like the one promoted by the Hh pathway, has not been shown to occur in microbial communities, despite the fact that large aggregates of cells like biofilms or colonies behave as proto-tissues. Instead, these have been suggested to sense the population density through the secretion of quorum-sensing chemicals. This review focuses on Gup1/HHATL and Gup2/HHAT proteins. We review the functions and physiology associated with these proteins in yeasts and higher eukaryotes. We suggest standardisation of the presently chaotic Gup-related nomenclature, which includes KIAA117, c3orf3, RASP, Skinny, Sightless and Central Missing, in order to avoid the disclosure of otherwise unnoticed information.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cândida Lucas
- CBMA—Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-054 Braga, Portugal; (G.C.); (R.F.-D.); (J.T.)
| | - Célia Ferreira
- CBMA—Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-054 Braga, Portugal; (G.C.); (R.F.-D.); (J.T.)
- School of Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK;
| | - Giulia Cazzanelli
- CBMA—Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-054 Braga, Portugal; (G.C.); (R.F.-D.); (J.T.)
| | - Ricardo Franco-Duarte
- CBMA—Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-054 Braga, Portugal; (G.C.); (R.F.-D.); (J.T.)
| | - Joana Tulha
- CBMA—Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-054 Braga, Portugal; (G.C.); (R.F.-D.); (J.T.)
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Abstract
The hedgehog (Hh) signalling pathway is conserved throughout metazoans and plays an important regulatory role in both embryonic development and adult homeostasis. Many levels of regulation exist that control the release, reception, and interpretation of the hedgehog signal. The fatty nature of the Shh ligand means that it tends to associate tightly with the cell membrane, and yet it is known to act as a morphogen that diffuses to elicit pattern formation. Heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs) play a major role in the regulation of Hh distribution outside the cell. Inside the cell, the primary cilium provides an important hub for processing the Hh signal in vertebrates. This review will summarise the current understanding of how the Hh pathway is regulated from ligand production, release, and diffusion, through to signal reception and intracellular transduction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simon A. Ramsbottom
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, International Centre for Life, Newcastle University, NE1 3BZ Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +44-(0)191-241-8612
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Barbarulo A, Lau CI, Mengrelis K, Ross S, Solanki A, Saldaña JI, Crompton T, Roelink H, Conway SJ. Hedgehog Signalling in the Embryonic Mouse Thymus. J Dev Biol 2016; 4:22. [PMID: 27504268 PMCID: PMC4975939 DOI: 10.3390/jdb4030022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Accepted: 07/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
T cells develop in the thymus, which provides an essential environment for T cell fate specification, and for the differentiation of multipotent progenitor cells into major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-restricted, non-autoreactive T cells. Here we review the role of the Hedgehog signalling pathway in T cell development, thymic epithelial cell (TEC) development, and thymocyte-TEC cross-talk in the embryonic mouse thymus during the last week of gestation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Tessa Crompton
- Immunobiology Section, UCL Institute of Child Health, London WC1N 1EH, UK; (A.B.); (C.-I.L.); (K.M.); (S.R.); (A.S.); (J.I.S.)
| | | | | |
Collapse
|