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Fallowfield L, Starkings R, Palmieri C, Tait A, Stephen L, May S, Habibi R, Russ S, Shilling V, Jenkins V. Living with metastatic breast cancer (LIMBER): experiences, quality of life, gaps in information, care and support of patients in the UK. Support Care Cancer 2023; 31:459. [PMID: 37432501 PMCID: PMC10335945 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-023-07928-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine the experiences, information, support needs and quality of life of women in the UK living with metastatic breast cancer (MBC) to provide content for educational materials. METHODS An online survey, hosted for 3 months on a UK MBC charity website, comprised sections covering issues such as communication about MBC treatment and management, helpful and less helpful things that healthcare professionals, family and friends did or said and completion of the Patient Roles and Responsibilities Scale (PRRS). RESULTS A total of 143 patients participated; 48/143(33%) presented de novo; 54/143(38%) had been living with MBC > 2 years. PRRS analysis revealed that MBC imposed a serious impact upon most respondents' own caring abilities and social lives. A majority 98/139 (71%) wished they had known more about MBC before their diagnosis; 63/134(47%) indicated that they still did not fully understand their illness; merely 78/139(56%) had access to a specialist nurse and only 69/135(51%) had been offered any additional support. Respondents reported little consideration given to their lifestyle/culture during consultations and inconsistent information, support services, continuity of care or access to clinical trials. They commented upon things health care professionals/friends and family did or said that were useful and cited other behaviours that were especially unhelpful. CONCLUSIONS MBC exerted a deleterious impact upon patients' activities of daily living which were exacerbated in part by significant gaps in support, communication and information. IMPLICATIONS FOR CANCER SURVIVORS LIMBER results are informing the content of educational materials currently being developed for patients' formal and informal carers.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Fallowfield
- Sussex Health Outcomes Research & Education in Cancer (SHORE-C), Brighton & Sussex Medical School, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK.
| | - R Starkings
- Sussex Health Outcomes Research & Education in Cancer (SHORE-C), Brighton & Sussex Medical School, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK
| | - C Palmieri
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Clatterbridge Cancer Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Birkenhead, UK
| | - A Tait
- Make2ndsCount, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | - S May
- Sussex Health Outcomes Research & Education in Cancer (SHORE-C), Brighton & Sussex Medical School, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK
| | - R Habibi
- Sussex Health Outcomes Research & Education in Cancer (SHORE-C), Brighton & Sussex Medical School, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK
| | - S Russ
- Sussex Health Outcomes Research & Education in Cancer (SHORE-C), Brighton & Sussex Medical School, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK
| | - V Shilling
- Sussex Health Outcomes Research & Education in Cancer (SHORE-C), Brighton & Sussex Medical School, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK
| | - V Jenkins
- Sussex Health Outcomes Research & Education in Cancer (SHORE-C), Brighton & Sussex Medical School, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK
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Jenkins V, Russ S, R. Starkings, Tait A, Stephen L, May S, Palmieri C, Fallowfield L. 219P UK survey measuring informational needs & QoL in women living with metastatic breast cancer (LIMBER). Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.07.258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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White MC, Randall K, Capo-Chichi NFE, Sodogas F, Quenum S, Wright K, Close KL, Russ S, Sevdalis N, Leather AJM. Implementation and evaluation of nationwide scale-up of the Surgical Safety Checklist. Br J Surg 2019; 106:e91-e102. [PMID: 30620076 PMCID: PMC6519364 DOI: 10.1002/bjs.11034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Revised: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Background The WHO Surgical Safety Checklist improves surgical outcomes, but evidence and theoretical frameworks for successful implementation in low‐income countries remain lacking. Based on previous research in Madagascar, a nationwide checklist implementation in Benin was designed and evaluated longitudinally. Methods This study had a longitudinal embedded mixed‐methods design. The well validated Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) was used to structure the approach and evaluate the implementation. Thirty‐six hospitals received 3‐day multidisciplinary training and 4‐month follow‐up. Seventeen hospitals were sampled purposively for evaluation at 12–18 months. The primary outcome was sustainability of checklist use at 12–18 months measured by questionnaire. Secondary outcomes were CFIR‐derived implementation outcomes, measured using the WHO Behaviourally Anchored Rating Scale (WHOBARS), safety questionnaires and focus groups. Results At 12–18 months, 86·0 per cent of participants (86 of 100) reported checklist use compared with 31·1 per cent (169 of 543) before training and 88·8 per cent (158 of 178) at 4 months. There was high‐fidelity use (median WHOBARS score 5·0 of 7; use of basic safety processes ranged from 85·0 to 99·0 per cent), and high penetration shown by a significant improvement in hospital safety culture (adapted Human Factors Attitude Questionnaire scores of 76·7, 81·1 and 82·2 per cent before, and at 4 and 12–18 months after training respectively; P < 0·001). Acceptability, adoption, appropriateness and feasibility scored 9·6–9·8 of 10. This approach incorporated 31 of 36 CFIR implementation constructs successfully. Conclusion This study shows successfully sustained nationwide checklist implementation using a validated implementation framework. Implementation works
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Affiliation(s)
- M C White
- Department of Medical Capacity Building, Mercy Ships Africa Bureau, Cotonou, Benin.,Centre for Global Health and Health Partnerships, King's College London, London, UK.,Department of Anaesthesia, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - K Randall
- Department of Medical Capacity Building, Mercy Ships Africa Bureau, Cotonou, Benin
| | - N F E Capo-Chichi
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, Centre National Hospitalier Universitaire Hubert Koutoukou Manga, Cotonou, Benin
| | - F Sodogas
- Faculté des Sciences de la Santé de Cotonou, Université d'Abomey Calavi, Cotonou, Benin
| | - S Quenum
- Department of Medical Capacity Building, Mercy Ships Africa Bureau, Cotonou, Benin
| | - K Wright
- Department of Medical Capacity Building, Mercy Ships Africa Bureau, Cotonou, Benin
| | - K L Close
- Department of Medical Capacity Building, Mercy Ships Africa Bureau, Cotonou, Benin
| | - S Russ
- Centre for Implementation Science, King's College London, London, UK
| | - N Sevdalis
- Centre for Implementation Science, King's College London, London, UK
| | - A J M Leather
- Centre for Global Health and Health Partnerships, King's College London, London, UK
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Hull L, Russ S, Sevdalis N. Systematic review of methods to quantify teamwork in the operating theatre. BJS Open 2018; 2:470-472. [PMID: 30511048 PMCID: PMC6253789 DOI: 10.1002/bjs5.92] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- L Hull
- Centre for Implementation Science, Health Service and Population Research Department, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience King's College London London SE5 8AF UK
| | - S Russ
- Centre for Implementation Science, Health Service and Population Research Department, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience King's College London London SE5 8AF UK
| | - N Sevdalis
- Centre for Implementation Science, Health Service and Population Research Department, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience King's College London London SE5 8AF UK
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Haijen ECHM, Kaelen M, Roseman L, Timmermann C, Kettner H, Russ S, Nutt D, Daws RE, Hampshire ADG, Lorenz R, Carhart-Harris RL. Predicting Responses to Psychedelics: A Prospective Study. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:897. [PMID: 30450045 PMCID: PMC6225734 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 176] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Responses to psychedelics are notoriously difficult to predict, yet significant work is currently underway to assess their therapeutic potential and the level of interest in psychedelics among the general public appears to be increasing. We aimed to collect prospective data in order to improve our ability to predict acute- and longer-term responses to psychedelics. Individuals who planned to take a psychedelic through their own initiative participated in an online survey (www.psychedelicsurvey.com). Traits and variables relating to set, setting and the acute psychedelic experience were measured at five different time points before and after the experience. Principle component and regression methods were used to analyse the data. Sample sizes for the five time points were N = 654, N = 535, N = 379, N = 315, and N = 212 respectively. Psychological well-being was increased 2 weeks after a psychedelic experience and remained at this level after 4 weeks. Higher ratings of a “mystical-type experience” had a positive effect on the change in well-being after a psychedelic experience, whereas the other acute psychedelic experience measures, i.e., “challenging experience” and “visual effects”, did not influence the change in well-being after the psychedelic experience. Having “clear intentions” for the experience was conducive to mystical-type experiences. Having a positive “set” as well as having the experience with intentions related to “recreation” were both found to decrease the likelihood of having a challenging experience. The baseline trait “absorption” and higher drug doses promoted all aspects of the acute experience, i.e., mystical-type and challenging experiences, as well as visual effects. When comparing the relative contribution of different types of variables in explaining the variance in the change in well-being, it seemed that baseline trait variables had the strongest effect on the change in well-being after a psychedelic experience. These results confirm the importance of extra-pharmacological factors in determining responses to a psychedelic. We view this study as an early step towards the development of empirical guidelines that can evolve and improve iteratively with the ultimate purpose of guiding crucial clinical decisions about whether, when, where and how to dose with a psychedelic, thus helping to mitigate risks while maximizing potential benefits in an evidence-based manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eline C H M Haijen
- Psychedelic Research Group, Neuropsychopharmacology Unit, Centre for Psychiatry, Division of Brain Sciences, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mendel Kaelen
- Psychedelic Research Group, Neuropsychopharmacology Unit, Centre for Psychiatry, Division of Brain Sciences, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Leor Roseman
- Psychedelic Research Group, Neuropsychopharmacology Unit, Centre for Psychiatry, Division of Brain Sciences, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.,The Computational, Cognitive and Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory (C3NL), Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher Timmermann
- Psychedelic Research Group, Neuropsychopharmacology Unit, Centre for Psychiatry, Division of Brain Sciences, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.,The Computational, Cognitive and Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory (C3NL), Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Hannes Kettner
- Psychedelic Research Group, Neuropsychopharmacology Unit, Centre for Psychiatry, Division of Brain Sciences, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Suzanne Russ
- Psychology Program, Department of Social Sciences, Dickinson State University, Dickinson, ND, United States
| | - David Nutt
- Psychedelic Research Group, Neuropsychopharmacology Unit, Centre for Psychiatry, Division of Brain Sciences, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Richard E Daws
- The Computational, Cognitive and Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory (C3NL), Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Adam D G Hampshire
- The Computational, Cognitive and Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory (C3NL), Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Romy Lorenz
- The Computational, Cognitive and Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory (C3NL), Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Robin L Carhart-Harris
- Psychedelic Research Group, Neuropsychopharmacology Unit, Centre for Psychiatry, Division of Brain Sciences, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
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Bellew S, Collins S, Barrett T, Russ S, Jones I, Self W. 271 Implementation of an Opioid Detoxification Management Pathway Reduces Emergency Department Length of Stay. Ann Emerg Med 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2017.07.249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Abstract
The readability of scientific papers has decreased dramati cally in the past 100 years, but now appears to have bottomed out at the ' very difficult' level. Volume and price inflationary pressures on publishers have probably been responsible for other changes in journal characteristics between 1900 and 1970 such as increased printing density and number of words and characters per journal per year.
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Affiliation(s)
- R.T. Bottle
- Department of Information Science, The City University, London ECIV OHB, United Kingdom
| | - J.S. Rennie
- Department of Information Science, The City University, London ECIV OHB, United Kingdom
| | - S. Russ
- Department of Information Science, The City University, London ECIV OHB, United Kingdom
| | - Z. Sardar
- Department of Information Science, The City University, London ECIV OHB, United Kingdom
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Russ
- Barnato-Joel and Physiological Laboratories, The Middlesex Hospital
| | - Samson Weight
- Barnato-Joel and Physiological Laboratories, The Middlesex Hospital
| | - H. A. Bulman
- Barnato-Joel and Physiological Laboratories, The Middlesex Hospital
| | - L. H. Clark
- Barnato-Joel and Physiological Laboratories, The Middlesex Hospital
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Stein R, Heymann MC, Kapplusch F, Russ S, Staroske W, Rösen-Wolff A, Hofmann SR. Enzymatically inactive procaspase-1 stabilizes the ASC-pyroptosome. Pediatr Rheumatol Online J 2015. [PMCID: PMC4597066 DOI: 10.1186/1546-0096-13-s1-o79] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
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Rabe S, Heymann MC, Stein R, Kapplusch F, Russ S, Schulze F, Winkler S, Staroske W, Rösen-Wolff A, Hofmann SR. Influence of the naturally occurring human CASP1 variant L265S on subcellular distribution and pyroptosis. Pediatr Rheumatol Online J 2015. [PMCID: PMC4597328 DOI: 10.1186/1546-0096-13-s1-o61] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Dorner S, Jenkins C, Russ S. 232 Using a Novel Definition of High Emergency Department Resource Use to Describe Patient Populations. Ann Emerg Med 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2014.07.259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Dorner S, Jenkins C, Liu D, Russ S, Heavrin B. New Metrics to Identify the Emergency Department Super User: Thinking Beyond the Number of Emergency Department Visits. Ann Emerg Med 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2013.07.450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Mottram
- The Radium Institute and The Middlesex Hospital, London
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Barrett T, Martin A, Storrow A, Jenkins C, Russ S, Darbar D. 1: A Clinical Prediction Model to Estimate Risk for 30-Day Adverse Events in Emergency Department Patients With Symptomatic Atrial Fibrillation. Ann Emerg Med 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2009.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Hedrich CM, Zachurzok-Buczynska A, Gawlik A, Russ S, Hahn G, Koehler K, Malecka-Tendera E, Huebner A. Autosomal dominant neurohypophyseal diabetes insipidus in two families. Molecular analysis of the vasopressin-neurophysin II gene and functional studies of three missense mutations. Horm Res 2009; 71:111-9. [PMID: 19129716 DOI: 10.1159/000183900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2008] [Accepted: 05/16/2008] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autosomal dominant familial neurohypophyseal diabetes insipidus (adFNDI) is a rare disease with symptoms of polydipsia, polyuria and dehydration caused by arginine vasopressin deficiency. Disease onset is within infancy or adolescence. A variety of disease-causing mutations of the arginine vasopressin neurophysin II gene (AVP) on chromosome 20p13 have been described. METHODS Two Polish families with adFNDI were screened for mutations. Processing of wild-type (WT) and mutant AVP was monitored using immunocytochemical methods in stably transfected Neuro2A cells. AVP secretion into the cell culture supernatant was investigated with an enzyme immunoassay. RESULTS In the first family a heterozygous p.G96D mutation was identified. Some patients additionally carried a novel heterozygous mutation p.A159T. The second family presented with a heterozygous mutation p.C98G. Confocal laser microscopy unveiled accumulation of p.G96D and p.C98G prohormones in the cellular bodies, whereas WT and p.A159T prohormones and/or processed products were located in the tips of cellular processes. Reduced levels of AVP in supernatant culture medium of p.G96D and p.C98G transfected cells in comparison to p.A159T and WT cells were found. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that the p.G96D and p.C98G mutations cause adFNDI in the two reported families. The sequence variant p.A159T does not seem to have disease-causing effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Hedrich
- Children's Hospital, Technical University Dresden, Dresden, Germany
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Singer L, Nelson S, Minnes S, Short E, Min M, Kirchner H, Lewis B, Russ S, Klein N. Effects of prenatal cocaine, alcohol, and lead exposures, and the home environment on cognitive outcome at nine years. Neurotoxicol Teratol 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ntt.2007.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Russ S, Sapoval B. Increased damping of irregular resonators. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2002; 65:036614. [PMID: 11909292 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.65.036614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2001] [Revised: 10/03/2001] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
It is shown that fractal drums and jagged geometry resonators may be more damped than ordinary Euclidean systems. Several damping mechanisms are examined and studied by numerical calculations. The results depend on the dissipation mechanisms but globally they increase with localization, frequency, and the irregularity of the resonator. The increased dissipation is due to the uneven spatial distribution of the vibrational amplitude in two different ways. First, it is related to the partial confinement of the vibrational modes. Secondly, increased dissipation may be due to singularities in the amplitude distribution. This is the case when a few points exist where the vibration is pinned to zero inducing local logarithmic singularities. This last effect can be spectacular: a single defect can dominate the surface damping by viscous forces of a square drum.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Russ
- Institut für Theoretische Physik III, Universität Giessen, D-35392 Giessen, Germany
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Russ S. Energy fluctuations of pseudointegrable systems with growing surface roughness. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2001; 64:056240. [PMID: 11736087 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.64.056240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2001] [Revised: 08/06/2001] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The eigenfrequencies of two-dimensional systems with fractal boundaries and with nonscaling rough boundaries are calculated numerically by the Lanczos algorithm and analyzed by means of level statistics. The systems are pseudointegrable and the fluctuations of their eigenvalue spectra show a global statistical behavior between the Poisson and the Wigner distributions. With increasing irregularity of the boundary, the systems approach the Wigner limit and the results seem to depend only on the genus number of the geometry and not on details, such as the asymptotic shape of the geometry, the type of roughness (scaling or nonscaling), and the boundary conditions (Neumann or Dirichlet). No transition between localized and extended states is found in fractal drums.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Russ
- Institut für Theoretische Physik III, Universität Giessen, D-35392 Giessen, Germany
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Kantelhardt JW, Russ S, Bunde A, Havlin S, Webman I. Comment on "Delocalization in the 1D anderson model with long-range correlated disorder". Phys Rev Lett 2000; 84:198. [PMID: 11015871 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.84.198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/1999] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- JW Kantelhardt
- Institut fur Theoretische Physik III Universitat Giessen D-35392 Giessen, Germany
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Fröhlich M, Sund M, Russ S, Hoffmeister A, Fischer HG, Hombach V, Koenig W. Seasonal variations of rheological and hemostatic parameters and acute-phase reactants in young, healthy subjects. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 1997; 17:2692-7. [PMID: 9409244 DOI: 10.1161/01.atv.17.11.2692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The incidence of cardiovascular diseases is increased in winter months. Recent studies have shown seasonal changes in plasma viscosity, fibrinogen, and factor VII activity with elevated levels during winter. An increase in these factors generates a "hypercoagulable state," which may lead to a rise in cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. It has been suggested that an increase in upper respiratory infections might be the underlying cause for the raised acute-phase reactants, in particular fibrinogen, during the winter season. We investigated seasonal variations of 26 parameters, determining blood rheology and hemostasis in 16 healthy volunteers (8 men and 8 women) aged 20 to 41 years. They were seen at monthly intervals over a period of 1 year. Seasonal variation with peak fitted values in the winter months was found for plasma viscosity (P < .001 for the seasonal difference), red blood cell deformability (P < .001), whole blood viscosity (P < .001), hemoglobin (P < .001), hematocrit (P < .001), mean corpuscular volume (P = .001), platelet count (P = .01), alpha 1-glycoprotein (P < .001), fibrinogen (measured by immunonephelometry; P < .001), plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (P = .002), LDL cholesterol (P = .003), and triglyceride levels (P < .001). HDL cholesterol (P < .001) and cortisol (P = .001) showed inverse seasonal patterns, with a maximum during summertime. No statistically significant seasonal variations were seen for red blood cell aggregation, complement factor C4, total cholesterol, ceruloplasmin, haptoglobin, white blood cell count, and plasminogen. These data do not support the hypothesis that increased morbidity and mortality from cardiovascular diseases during winter may be mainly attributable to increased synthesis of acute-phase proteins due to infections. The cause for the seasonal variations in rheological and hemostatic parameters remains unclear and should be studied in more detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Fröhlich
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Cardiology, University of Ulm Medical Center, Germany.
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Abstract
We apply a fractal description of pore surface irregularity to study the nuclear relaxation of a confined liquid. From the introduction of a length characteristic of diffusive and surface relaxing properties we describe three different relaxation regimes. These regimes show that the nuclear relaxation can be drastically modified by pore surface irregularity.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Sapoval
- Laboratoire de Physique de la Matière Condensée, Ecole Polytechnique, C.N.R.S., Palaiseau, France
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Bunde A, Roman HE, Russ S, Aharony A, Harris AB. Vibrational excitations in percolation: Localization and multifractality. Phys Rev Lett 1992; 69:3189-3192. [PMID: 10046753 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.69.3189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Abstract
The relationship between adaptive regression and cognitive flexibility was explored in a group of 42 college students. Adaptive regression was measured with the Holt scoring system for the Rorschach. One type of cognitive flexibility was measured by Guilford's tests of divergent production (Word Fluency, Associational Fluency, and Alternate Uses) and a second type by Mednick's Remote Associates Test. Adaptive regression was found to be significantly positively related to the Remote Associates Test in males but not in females. Adaptive regression was found to be unrelated to divergent production tests. These relationships were not found to be mediated by Rorschach productivity or verbal intelligence. A two-stage process was proposed to account for the cognitive operations underlying adaptive regression and the Remote Associates Test. The first stage is seen as a generative (primary process) stage, while the second stage is seen as an evaluative (secondary process) stage. Possible reasons for sex differences were also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Murray
- Case Western Reserve University, USA
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Russ S. ReviewThere is an Answer to Cancer. By GoldmanLeonard B., M.D., pp. 178, 1958 (New York, Harper & Brothers), $3.50. Br J Radiol 1958. [DOI: 10.1259/0007-1285-31-372-690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Russ S. Professor Frederick Soddy, F.R.S. 1877–1956. Br J Radiol 1956. [DOI: 10.1259/0007-1285-29-347-584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Ellis F, Jennings A, Russ S. Correspondence. Br J Radiol 1947. [DOI: 10.1259/0007-1285-20-239-469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Russ S, Scott GM. Resistance to Tumour Grafts Produced by a Cell-free Tumour Extract. Br J Radiol 1945. [DOI: 10.1259/0007-1285-18-210-173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Russ S. Hazards of Radiological Work. Br J Radiol 1945. [DOI: 10.1259/0007-1285-18-205-11-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Russ S. Silvanus Thompson Memorial Lecture. Br J Radiol 1944. [DOI: 10.1259/0007-1285-17-201-261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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