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Zainudin NAB, Zulkifli NN, Abdul Hamid K, Hashim H, Mansor S. A Pilot Study of the Striatal Dopamine Transporter Levels in Kratom-Dependent and Normal Subjects Using 99mTc-TRODAT-1 Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography-Computed Tomography (SPECT-CT). Cureus 2023; 15:e43251. [PMID: 37692587 PMCID: PMC10491945 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.43251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The study aims to elucidate the effects of kratom addiction on dopamine transporter (DAT) using [2-[[2-[[[3-(4-chlorophenyl)-8-methyl-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]oct-2-yl]methyl](2-mercaptoethyl)amino]ethyl]amino]ethanethiolato(3-)-N2,N20,S2,S20]oxo-[1R-(exo-exo)]-[99mTc] technetium (99mTc-TRODAT-1) brain single photon emission computed tomography-computed tomography (SPECT-CT) in kratom-dependent and healthy subjects. MATERIALS AND METHODS We recruited 12 kratom-dependent subjects and 13 healthy men to participate in this study. Addiction, craving, depression, and cognitive scores were assessed. All subjects received a single bolus injection of 99mTc-TRODAT-1 with 914.1 MBq ± 65.5 of activity (mean ± SD). The brain SPECT-CT images were reconstructed using 3D ordered subset expectation maximization (3D-OSEM) along with attenuation correction (AC), scatter correction (SC), and resolution recovery (RR) with an iteration number of four and a subset of 10. The Cohen's Kappa interrater-reliability between two raters, the standardized uptake value of body weight (SUVBW), and the asymmetrical index percentage (AI%) were evaluated. RESULTS Kappa statistics showed a fine agreement of abnormal 99mTc-TRODAT-1 uptake in the striatum region for the kratom-dependent group with the κ value of 0.69 (p = 0.0001), and the percentage of agreement for rater 1 and rater 2 was 56% and 64%, respectively. There was a reduction in average SUV in kratom-dependent subjects compared to healthy control subjects in the left caudate and left striatum (0.938 vs. 1.251, p = 0.014, and 1.055 vs. 1.29, p = 0.036, respectively). There was a significant difference in the AI% of the caudate region between the kratom-dependent group and the normal group (33% vs. 14%, p = 0.019). CONCLUSION Our findings signify that kratom addiction, may cause a change in DAT level and the results can be confirmed using 99mTc-TRODAT-1 SPECT-CT.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Khadijah Abdul Hamid
- Biomedical Imaging, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, MYS
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, MYS
| | - Hazlin Hashim
- Biomedical Imaging, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, MYS
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, MYS
| | - Syahir Mansor
- Biomedical Imaging, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, MYS
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, MYS
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Mohamed Yoosuf AB, Alshehri S, Abdul Aziz MZ, Mansor S, Appalanaido GK, Alqathami M. Effectiveness of Robotic Stereotactic Radiotherapy in Patients Undergoing Re-irradiation: A Review. Cureus 2023; 15:e43500. [PMID: 37719625 PMCID: PMC10500384 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.43500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR) is a possible treatment option for patients who develop recurrence within or at the edge of a previously irradiated volume. Robotic stereotactic radiotherapy is the result of technological advances in robotic precision, real-time imaging, non-invasive, highly customizable treatment plan, and delivery with sub-millimeter accuracy. This article reviews the radiobiologic, technical, and clinical aspects of robotic-based SABR re-irradiation for various anatomical sites. An extensive literature search was performed to identify articles on the utilization of robotic stereotactic radiotherapy for patients undergoing re-irradiation. The reported prescription dose and fractionation data along with outcomes such as overall survival, local control rates, and toxicities were qualitatively reviewed. The findings consistently indicate that re-irradiation using robotic SABR provides encouraging survival rates with minimal toxicity in the clinical setting of various anatomical sites delivered using locally non-invasive means where other treatment options are scarce.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahamed Badusha Mohamed Yoosuf
- Oncology, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, SAU
- Oncology/Radiation Oncology, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, SAU
| | - Salem Alshehri
- Radiation Oncology, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, SAU
- Oncology, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, SAU
| | - Mohd Zahri Abdul Aziz
- Advanced Management of Liver Malignancies Program, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Penang, MYS
| | - Syahir Mansor
- Advanced Management of Liver Malignancies Program, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Penang, MYS
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, Pusat Perubatan Universiti Sains Malaysia, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Penang, MYS
| | - Gokula Kumar Appalanaido
- Advanced Management of Liver Malignancies Program, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Penang, MYS
- Radiotherapy Unit, Pusat Perubatan Universiti Sains Malaysia, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Penang, MYS
| | - Mamdouh Alqathami
- Department of Oncology, Ministry of National Guard, Health Affairs, Riyadh, SAU
- Clinical Research, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, SAU
- Radiological Sciences, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, SAU
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Zubair HT, Bradley DA, Khairina MD, Oresegun A, Basaif A, Othman J, Rifiat R, Hamidi F, Rahman L, Ezzadeen A, Ibrahim SA, Mansor S, Alkhorayef M, Abdul-Rashid HA. An extendable optical fibre probe survey meter for naturally occurring radioactive material (NORM) and other weak emitters. Sci Rep 2023; 13:11918. [PMID: 37488183 PMCID: PMC10366106 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-39180-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
We have developed a radioluminescence-based survey meter for use in industries in which there is involvement in naturally occurring radioactive material (NORM), also in support of those needing to detect other weak emitters of radiation. The functionality of the system confronts particular shortcomings of the handheld survey meters that are currently being made use of. The device couples a LYSO:Ce scintillator with a photodetector via a polymer optical fibre waveguide, allowing for "intrinsically safe" inspection within pipework, separators, valves and other such component pieces. The small-diameter optical fibre probe is electrically passive, immune to electromagnetic interference, and chemically inert. The readout circuit is entirely incorporated within a handheld casing housing a silicon photomultiplier (SiPM) detection circuit and a microprocessor circuit connected to an LCD display. A 15 m long flexible PMMA optical fibre waveguide is butt coupled to an ABS plastic probe that retains the LYSO:Ce scintillator. Initial tests have included the use of lab-based mixed gamma-ray sources, measurements being made in concert with a reference conventional GM survey-meter. Characterization, via NORM sources at a decontamination facility, has shown useful sensitivity, covering the dose-rate range 0.10- to 28 µSv h-1 (R-squared 0.966), extending to 80 µSv/h as demonstrated in use of a Cs-137 source. The system is shown to provide an effective tool for detection of radioactivity within hard to access locations, in particular for sources emitting at low radiation levels, down to values that approach background.
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Affiliation(s)
- H T Zubair
- Fibre Optics Research Centre, Faculty of Engineering, Multimedia University, Jalan Multimedia, 63100, Cyberjaya, Malaysia
- Lumisyns Sdn Bhd, 47600, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - D A Bradley
- Centre for Applied Physics and Radiation Technologies, Sunway University, 46150, Petaling Jaya, Malaysia
- School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford, GU2 7XH, UK
| | - M D Khairina
- Lumisyns Sdn Bhd, 47600, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Adebiyi Oresegun
- Fibre Optics Research Centre, Faculty of Engineering, Multimedia University, Jalan Multimedia, 63100, Cyberjaya, Malaysia
| | - A Basaif
- Fibre Optics Research Centre, Faculty of Engineering, Multimedia University, Jalan Multimedia, 63100, Cyberjaya, Malaysia
| | - J Othman
- Alypz Sdn Bhd, Jalan Industri USJ 1/1, Taman Perindustrian USJ 1, 47600, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - R Rifiat
- Alypz Sdn Bhd, Jalan Industri USJ 1/1, Taman Perindustrian USJ 1, 47600, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - F Hamidi
- Alypz Sdn Bhd, Jalan Industri USJ 1/1, Taman Perindustrian USJ 1, 47600, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - L Rahman
- Alypz Sdn Bhd, Jalan Industri USJ 1/1, Taman Perindustrian USJ 1, 47600, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - A Ezzadeen
- Alypz Sdn Bhd, Jalan Industri USJ 1/1, Taman Perindustrian USJ 1, 47600, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - S A Ibrahim
- Fibre Optics Research Centre, Faculty of Engineering, Multimedia University, Jalan Multimedia, 63100, Cyberjaya, Malaysia
| | - S Mansor
- Fibre Optics Research Centre, Faculty of Engineering, Multimedia University, Jalan Multimedia, 63100, Cyberjaya, Malaysia
| | - M Alkhorayef
- Department of Radiological Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, P.O Box 10219, 11433, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - H A Abdul-Rashid
- Fibre Optics Research Centre, Faculty of Engineering, Multimedia University, Jalan Multimedia, 63100, Cyberjaya, Malaysia.
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Mohamed Yoosuf AB, Ajmal Khan M, Abdul Aziz MZ, Mansor S, Appalanaido GK, Alshehri S, Alqathami M. Re-irradiation Using Stereotactic Radiotherapy: A Bibliometric Analysis of Research Trends. Cureus 2023; 15:e39600. [PMID: 37384098 PMCID: PMC10297819 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.39600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this research is to conduct a comprehensive bibliometric analysis using the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) to examine the current research topics and trends pertaining to stereotactic-based re-irradiation. A bibliometric search was conducted for re-irradiation-related literature published in English from the WoSCC database from 1991 to 2022, using VOSviewer to visualize the results. The extracted information comprises the publication year, overall citation count, average citation rate, keywords, and research domains. We conducted a literature review to identify trends in research on re-irradiation. A total of 19,891 citations were found in 924 qualifying papers that came from 48 different nations. The number of publications and citations has grown steadily since 2008 with the highest number of publications in the year 2018. Similarly, a substantial increase in the number of citations has increased since 2004 and the citation growth rate has been positive between 2004 and 2019 with a peak in 2013. The top authorship patterns were six authors (111 publications and 2498 citations), whereas the highest number of citations per publication was attained with an authorship pattern of 17 authors (C/P = 41.1). The collaboration patterns analysis showed that the largest proportion of publications emanated from the United States with 363 publications (30.9%), followed by Germany with 102 publications (8.7%), and France with 92 publications (7.8%). The majority of the analyzed studies were focused on the brain (30%), head and neck (13%), lung (12%), and spine (10%) and there have been emerging studies on the use of re-irradiation for lung, prostate, pelvic and liver utilizing stereotactic radiotherapy. The main areas of interest have changed over time and are now based on a multidisciplinary approach that integrates advanced imaging techniques, stereotactic treatment delivery, the toxicity of organs at risk, quality of life, and treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahamed Badusha Mohamed Yoosuf
- Oncology, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, SAU
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs, Riyadh, SAU
| | - Muhammad Ajmal Khan
- Library and Health Science, Imam Abdulrehman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, SAU
| | - Mohd Zahri Abdul Aziz
- Advanced Management of Liver Malignancies Program, Universiti Sains Malaysia/Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Penang, MYS
| | - Syahir Mansor
- Advanced Management of Liver Malignancies Program, Universiti Sains Malaysia/Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Penang, MYS
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, Pusat Perubatan Universiti Sains Malaysia/Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Penang, MYS
| | - Gokula Kumar Appalanaido
- Advanced Management of Liver Malignancies Program, Universiti Sains Malaysia/Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Penang, MYS
- Radiotherapy Unit, Pusat Perubatan Universiti Sains Malaysia/Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Penang, MYS
| | - Salem Alshehri
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs, Riyadh, SAU
- Oncology, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, SAU
| | - Mamdouh Alqathami
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs, Riyadh, SAU
- Oncology, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, SAU
- Medical Physics, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, SAU
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Brier MR, Hamdi M, Rajamanikam J, Zhao H, Mansor S, Jones LA, Rahmani F, Jindal S, Koudelis D, Perlmutter JS, Wong DF, Nickels M, Ippolito JE, Gropler RJ, Schindler TH, Laforest R, Tu Z, Benzinger TLS. Phase 1 Evaluation of 11C-CS1P1 to Assess Safety and Dosimetry in Human Participants. J Nucl Med 2022; 63:1775-1782. [PMID: 35332093 PMCID: PMC9635683 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.121.263189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the safety, dosimetry, and characteristics of 3-((2-fluoro-4-(5-(2'-methyl-2-(trifluoromethyl)-[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl)benzyl)(methyl-11C)amino)propanoic acid (11C-CS1P1), a radiotracer targeting sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor (S1PR) 1 (S1PR1). S1PR1 is of clinical interest because of its role in multiple sclerosis (and other conditions), with an expanding class of S1PR modulators approved for relapsing multiple sclerosis. 11C-CS1P1 binds S1PR1 with high specificity and has shown promise in animal models of inflammatory diseases. Methods: 11C-CS1P1 was injected into 5 male and 6 female healthy participants. Ten participants were imaged with PET using a multipass whole-body continuous-bed-motion acquisition, and one had dedicated head and neck PET and MRI. Participants were continuously monitored for safety events. Organ time-activity curve data were collected, integrated, and normalized to the injected activity. Organ radiation doses and effective dose were computed using the adult male and female models in OLINDA, version 2.2. SUV images were evaluated for qualitative biodistribution. Results: No adverse events were observed after the dose, including no bradycardia. The liver was the critical organ from dosimetry analysis (mean ± SD: female, 23.12 ± 5.19 μSv/MBq; male, 21.06 ± 1.63 μSv/MBq). The whole-body effective dose (as defined by International Commission on Radiological Protection publication 103) was 4.18 ± 0.30 μSv/MBq in women and 3.54 ± 0.14 μSv/MBq in men. Using a maximum delivered dose of 740 MBq (20 mCi), the effective dose for women would be 3.1 mSv (0.31 rem), with a liver dose of 17.1 mSv (1.7 rem); the effective dose for men would be 2.6 mSv (0.26 rem), with a liver dose of 15.6 mSv (1.56 rem). Brain uptake was seen predominantly in gray matter and correlated with regional S1PR1 RNA expression (r = 0.84). Conclusion: These results support the safety of 11C-CS1P1 for evaluation of inflammation in human clinical populations. Dosimetry permits repeated measures in the same participants. Brain uptake correlates well with known target topography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew R Brier
- Department of Neurology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Mahdjoub Hamdi
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri
| | | | - Haiyang Zhao
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Syahir Mansor
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Lynne A Jones
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Farzaneh Rahmani
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Saurabh Jindal
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Deborah Koudelis
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Joel S Perlmutter
- Department of Neurology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri
- Department of Neuroscience, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri
- Department of Physical and Occupational Therapy, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri; and
| | - Dean F Wong
- Department of Neurology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri
- Department of Neuroscience, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Michael Nickels
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Joseph E Ippolito
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Robert J Gropler
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Thomas H Schindler
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Richard Laforest
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Zhude Tu
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri;
| | - Tammie L S Benzinger
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri;
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Zainudin NA, Zulkifli N, Hamid K, Hashim H, Mansor S. Experimental evaluation of absolute quantification in 99m Tc-TRODAT-1 SPECT/CT brain dopamine transporter (DAT) studies. J Appl Clin Med Phys 2022; 23:e13723. [PMID: 35833589 PMCID: PMC9359040 DOI: 10.1002/acm2.13723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To evaluate the quantitative accuracy of clinical brain dopamine transporters (DAT) investigations utilizing 99mTc‐TRODAT‐1 single‐photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)/computed tomography (CT) in experimental and clinical settings. Materials and methods The study used an experimental phantom evaluation and a clinical dataset. Three‐dimensional‐ordered subsets expectation–maximization reconstructed the original and resampled datasets using attenuation correction, scatter correction, and resolution recovery. The reconstructed data were analyzed and reported as percentage difference, standardized uptake value reference (SUVr), and a coefficient of variation (CoV). The Taguchi method tested the impact of the three different parameters on signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) and SUVr, including number iteration, Poisson resampling, and phantom setup, with and without the plaster of Paris (POP). Six 99mTc‐TRODAT‐1 SPECT/CT scans were acquired in healthy subjects for verification purposes. Results The percentage activity difference between the phantom with and without POP is 20% and 5%, respectively. The SUVr reveals a 10% underestimate for both with and without POP. When it comes to the influence of Poisson resampling, the SUVr value for 75% Poisson resampling indicates 10% underestimation on both sides of the caudate and putamen area, with and without POP. When 25% of Poisson resampling is applied, the SUVr value is overestimated (±35%). In the Taguchi analysis, iteration numbers were the most dominant factor with the F‐value of 9.41 and the contribution rate of 52.66% (p < 0.05) for SNR. In comparison, F‐value of 9.1 for Poisson resampled with contribution rate of 58.91% (p < 0.05) for SUVr. Reducing counts by 25% from the original dataset resulted in a minimal bias in SUVr, compared to 50% and 75%. Conclusion The optimal absolute SPECT/CT quantification of brain DAT studies using 99mTc‐TRODAT‐1 appears achievable with at least 4i10s and SUVr as the surrogate parameter. In clinical investigations, it is possible to reduce the recommended administered dose by up to 25% while maintaining accurate measurement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norasma Amira Zainudin
- Departmen of Biomedical Imaging, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kepala Batas, Penang, 13200, Malaysia
| | - Nadiah Zulkifli
- Departmen of Biomedical Imaging, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kepala Batas, Penang, 13200, Malaysia
| | - Khadijah Hamid
- Departmen of Biomedical Imaging, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kepala Batas, Penang, 13200, Malaysia.,Nuclear Medicine Unit, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kepala Batas, Penang, 13200, Malaysia
| | - Hazlin Hashim
- Departmen of Biomedical Imaging, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kepala Batas, Penang, 13200, Malaysia.,Nuclear Medicine Unit, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kepala Batas, Penang, 13200, Malaysia
| | - Syahir Mansor
- Departmen of Biomedical Imaging, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kepala Batas, Penang, 13200, Malaysia.,Nuclear Medicine Unit, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kepala Batas, Penang, 13200, Malaysia
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Mansor S, Alsharief K, Almadany A, Buzaja A, Eltarhoni A. Brachial artery injuries - the impact of the anatomical site of injury on postoperative outcomes. S AFR J SURG 2022; 60:49-54. [PMID: 35451270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The start of the armed conflicts in Libyan society in 2011 led to a dramatic increase in the incidences of unusual types of brachial artery injuries, which were previously uncommon. In this study, the postoperative outcomes have been compared prospectively between patients who have had injuries at the proximal anatomical half of the brachial artery with those who suffered injuries at the distal anatomical half. METHODS A cohort study was undertaken to compare patients who had an injury at the proximal anatomical half of the brachial artery (considered as the first group) and patients who had an injury at the distal anatomical half of the brachial artery (considered as the second group). This was undertaken to analyse the influence of the anatomical site of injury on the postoperative outcomes in patients who underwent urgent surgical repair procedures at the hospital from February 2011 to December 2016. RESULTS Out of fifty-one patients, 31 (60.8%) patients had gunshot injuries, 12 (23.5%) had explosive injuries, four (7.8%) had stab wounds and four (7.8%) were victims of road traffic accidents. There were 13 (25.5%) patients in the first group and 38 (74.5%) patients in the second group. Three patients (5.9%) had postoperative arterial occlusion due to thrombosis, while two (3.9%) had postoperative graft occlusion due to thrombosis; the other two (3.9%) had compartment syndrome. CONCLUSION Based on the anatomical background, critical limb ischaemia and postoperative ischaemic complications, as well as delayed limb amputation, are more associated with the injuries to the proximal anatomical half of the brachial artery due to poor collateral circulation at this level.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Mansor
- General Surgery Department, Al-Jalaa Teaching Hospital, Benghazi University, Libya and Department of Surgery, Libyan International Medical University, Libya
| | - K Alsharief
- General Surgery Department, Al-Jalaa Teaching Hospital, Benghazi University, Libya
| | - A Almadany
- General Surgery Department, Al-Jalaa Teaching Hospital, Benghazi University, Libya
| | - A Buzaja
- General Surgery Department, Al-Jalaa Teaching Hospital, Benghazi University, Libya
| | - A Eltarhoni
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Benghazi University, Libya
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Mansor S, Alsharief K, Almadany A, Buzaja A, Eltarhoni A. Brachial artery injuries - the impact of the anatomical site of injury on postoperative outcomes. S AFR J SURG 2022. [DOI: 10.17159/2078-5151/2022/v60n1a3672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Chng JK, Mihir G, Lee Y, Tan C, Mansor S. To evaluate if ultrasound gel or water-based media affects ER/PR staining patterns on breast core biopsy specimens. Am J Clin Pathol 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/ajcp/aqab191.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction/Objective
IHC staining for biomarkers ER, PR and HER-2 (CerB2) forms an essential component of breast cancer management and prognostication. Staining for these biomarkers is dependent on optimal fixation of the specimen in formalin. Scoring systems employed for ER and PR grade the intensity of the nuclear staining along with the percentage of the cells stained. This study aims to determine if ultrasound gel used during core biopsy as opposed to water affects immunohistochemical staining of biomarkers ER and PR in breast cancer specimens, following an observation that ultrasound gel assisted core biopsies may affect ER/PR nuclear staining scores through excess cytoplasmic staining.
Methods/Case Report
We included a total of 50 cases of invasive breast carcinoma diagnosed on core biopsy from KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital from February 2019 to July 2020. These included 25 cases with gel and 25 cases with water applied to the breast prior to the procedure. All biopsies were optimally fixed in formalin as per recommended latest ASCO/CAP guidelines. The control group included 25 resection cases of invasive breast carcinoma which had neither gel nor water and had been optimally fixed in formalin. Cytoplasmic staining for ER and PR was graded as being present or absent and was compared against the excision specimens (control group) to determine if using the gel was significant in producing cytoplasmic staining. The data was analyzed on SPSS using multiple logistic regression.
Results (if a Case Study enter NA)
Using the gel appeared to be statistically significant in producing cytoplasmic staining for ER (p=0.042) as opposed to using water (p=0.274). For PR staining, both gel-based (p=0.250) and water-based media (p=0.286) were not statistically significant in causing cytoplasmic staining.
Conclusion
The preliminary findings of this small retrospective case-control study gives an insight that gel-based media may have a role in causing cytoplasmic staining for oestrogen receptor in breast cancer biopsy specimens which may interfere with accurate scoring and impact results of external quality assurance schemes to which laboratories subscribe to. However the study is limited by the small sample size and exclusion of any other pre- analytical factors like needle bore or number of cores taken which may have had an impact on the staining.
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Affiliation(s)
- J K Chng
- Pathology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, SINGAPORE
| | - G Mihir
- KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore, SINGAPORE
| | - Y Lee
- KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore, SINGAPORE
| | - C Tan
- KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore, SINGAPORE
| | - S Mansor
- KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore, SINGAPORE
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Jiang H, Joshi S, Liu H, Mansor S, Qiu L, Zhao H, Whitehead T, Gropler RJ, Wu GF, Cross AH, Benzinger TLS, Shoghi KI, Perlmutter JS, Tu Z. In Vitro and In Vivo Investigation of S1PR1 Expression in the Central Nervous System Using [ 3H]CS1P1 and [ 11C]CS1P1. ACS Chem Neurosci 2021; 12:3733-3744. [PMID: 34516079 PMCID: PMC8605766 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.1c00492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 (S1PR1) is ubiquitously expressed among all tissues and plays key roles in many physiological and cellular processes. In the central nervous system (CNS), S1PR1 is expressed in different types of cells including neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocyte precursor cells. S1PR1 has been recognized as a novel therapeutic target in multiple sclerosis and other diseases. We previously reported a promising S1PR1-specific radioligand, [11C]CS1P1 (previously named [11C]TZ3321), which is under clinical investigation for human use. In the current study, we performed a detailed characterization of [3H]CS1P1 for its binding specificity to S1PR1 in CNS using autoradiography and immunohistochemistry in human and rat CNS tissues. Our data indicate that [3H]CS1P1 binds to S1PR1 in human frontal cortex tissue with a Kd of 3.98 nM and a Bmax of 172.5 nM. The distribution of [3H]CS1P1 in human and rat CNS tissues is consistent with the distribution of S1PR1 detected by immunohistochemistry studies. Our microPET studies of [11C]CS1P1 in a nonhuman primate (NHP) show a standardized uptake value of 2.4 in the NHP brain, with test-retest variability of 0.23% among six different NHPs. Radiometabolite analysis in the plasma samples of NHP and rat, as well as in rat brain samples, showed that [11C]CS1P1 was stable in vivo. Kinetic modeling studies using a two-compartment tissue model showed that the positron emission tomography (PET) data fit the model well. Overall, our study provides a detailed characterization of [3H]CS1P1 binding to S1PR1 in the CNS. Combined with our microPET studies in the NHP brain, our data suggest that [11C]CS1P1 is a promising radioligand for PET imaging of S1PR1 in the CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Jiang
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
| | - Sumit Joshi
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
| | - Syahir Mansor
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
| | - Lin Qiu
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
| | - Haiyang Zhao
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
| | - Timothy Whitehead
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
| | - Robert J. Gropler
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
| | - Gregory F. Wu
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
| | - Anne H. Cross
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
| | - Tammie L. S. Benzinger
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
| | - Kooresh I. Shoghi
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
| | - Joel S. Perlmutter
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
| | - Zhude Tu
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
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Zhou Y, Flores S, Mansor S, Hornbeck RC, Tu Z, Perlmutter JS, Ances B, Morris JC, Gropler RJ, Benzinger TLS. Spatially constrained kinetic modeling with dual reference tissues improves 18F-flortaucipir PET in studies of Alzheimer disease. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2021; 48:3172-3186. [PMID: 33599811 PMCID: PMC8371062 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-020-05134-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Recent studies have shown that standard compartmental models using plasma input or the cerebellum reference tissue input are generally not reliable for quantifying tau burden in dynamic 18F-flortaucipir PET studies of Alzheimer disease. So far, the optimal reference region for estimating 18F-flortaucipir delivery and specific tau binding has yet to be determined. The objective of the study is to improve 18F-flortaucipir brain tau PET quantification using a spatially constrained kinetic model with dual reference tissues. METHODS Participants were classified as either cognitively normal (CN) or cognitively impaired (CI) based on clinical assessment. T1-weighted structural MRI and 105-min dynamic 18F-flortaucipir PET scans were acquired for each participant. Using both a simplified reference tissue model (SRTM2) and Logan plot with either cerebellum gray matter or centrum semiovale (CS) white matter as the reference tissue, we estimated distribution volume ratios (DVRs) and the relative transport rate constant R1 for region of interest-based (ROI) and voxelwise-based analyses. Conventional linear regression (LR) and LR with spatially constrained (LRSC) parametric imaging algorithms were then evaluated. Noise-induced bias in the parametric images was compared to estimates from ROI time activity curve-based kinetic modeling. We finally evaluated standardized uptake value ratios at early phase (SUVREP, 0.7-2.9 min) and late phase (SUVRLP, 80-105 min) to approximate R1 and DVR, respectively. RESULTS The percent coefficients of variation of R1 and DVR estimates from SRTM2 with spatially constrained modeling were comparable to those from the Logan plot and SUVRs. The SRTM2 using CS reference tissue with LRSC reduced noise-induced underestimation in the LR generated DVR images to negligible levels (< 1%). Inconsistent overestimation of DVR in the SUVRLP only occurred using the cerebellum reference tissue-based measurements. The CS reference tissue-based DVR and SUVRLP, and cerebellum-based SUVREP and R1 provided higher Cohen's effect size d to detect increased tau deposition and reduced relative tracer transport rate in CI individuals. CONCLUSION Using a spatially constrained kinetic model with dual reference tissues significantly improved quantification of relative perfusion and tau binding. Cerebellum and CS are the suggested reference tissues to estimate R1 and DVR, respectively, for dynamic 18F-flortaucipir PET studies. Cerebellum-based SUVREP and CS-based SUVRLP may be used to simplify 18F-flortaucipir PET study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Zhou
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, Campus Box 8225, 510 S. Kingshighway Blvd, St Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
| | - Shaney Flores
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, Campus Box 8225, 510 S. Kingshighway Blvd, St Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Syahir Mansor
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, Campus Box 8225, 510 S. Kingshighway Blvd, St Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Russ C Hornbeck
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, Campus Box 8225, 510 S. Kingshighway Blvd, St Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Zhude Tu
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, Campus Box 8225, 510 S. Kingshighway Blvd, St Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Joel S Perlmutter
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, Campus Box 8225, 510 S. Kingshighway Blvd, St Louis, MO, 63110, USA
- Departments of Neurology and Neuroscience, Programs of Physical Therapy and Occupational Therapy, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Beau Ances
- Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - John C Morris
- Departments of Neurology and Neuroscience, Programs of Physical Therapy and Occupational Therapy, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
- Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Robert J Gropler
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, Campus Box 8225, 510 S. Kingshighway Blvd, St Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Tammie L S Benzinger
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, Campus Box 8225, 510 S. Kingshighway Blvd, St Louis, MO, 63110, USA
- Departments of Neurology and Neuroscience, Programs of Physical Therapy and Occupational Therapy, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
- Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
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Halim F, Yahya H, Jaafar KN, Mansor S. Accuracy Assessment of SUV Measurements in SPECT/CT: A Phantom Study. J Nucl Med Technol 2021; 49:250-255. [PMID: 33722927 DOI: 10.2967/jnmt.120.259168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Advances in iterative image reconstruction enable absolute quantification of SPECT/CT studies by incorporating compensations for collimator-detector response, attenuation, and scatter. This study aimed to assess the quantitative accuracy of SPECT/CT based on different levels of 99mTc activity (low/high) using different SUV metrics (SUVmean, SUVmax, SUV0.6 max, and SUV0.75 max [the average values that include pixels greater than 60% and 75% of the SUVmax in the volume of interest, respectively]). Methods: A Jaszczak phantom equipped with 6 fillable spheres was set up with low and high activity ratios of 1:4 and 1:10 (background-to-sphere) on background activities of 10 and 60 kBq/mL, respectively. The fixed-size volume of interest based on the diameter of each sphere was drawn on SPECT images using various metrics for SUV quantification purposes. Results: The convergence of activity concentration was dependent on the number of iterations and application of postfiltering. For the background-to-sphere ratio of 1:10 with a low background activity concentration, the SUVmean metric showed an underestimation of about 38% from the actual SUV, and SUVmax exhibited an overestimation of about 24% for the largest sphere diameter. Meanwhile, bias reductions of as much as -6% and -7% for SUV0.6 max and SUV0.75 max, respectively, were observed. SUVmax gave a more accurate reading than the others, although points that exceeded the actual value were detected. At 1:4 and 1:10 background activity of 10 kBq/mL, a low activity concentration attained a value close to the actual ratio. Use of 2 iterations and 10 subsets without postfiltering gave the most accurate values for reconstruction and the best image overall. Conclusion: SUVmax is the best metric in a high- or low-contrast-ratio phantom with at least 2 iterations, 10 subsets, and no postfiltering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatin Halim
- Oncological and Radiological Science Cluster, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, SAINS@BERTAM, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia.,Department of Nuclear Medicine, Penang Hospital, Penang, Malaysia; and
| | - Hizwan Yahya
- Oncological and Radiological Science Cluster, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, SAINS@BERTAM, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia.,Department of Nuclear Medicine, Penang Hospital, Penang, Malaysia; and
| | - Khairul Nizam Jaafar
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Syahir Mansor
- Oncological and Radiological Science Cluster, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, SAINS@BERTAM, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia; .,Nuclear Medicine Unit, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
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Flores SE, Gordon BA, Su Y, Dincer A, Keefe SJ, Feldman RL, Shady KE, Mansor S, Zhou Y, Hornbeck RC, Swisher L, Cash L, Tu Z, Morris JC, McDade E, Bateman RJ, Benzinger TL. Head‐to‐head comparison of [
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F]MK‐6240 and [
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F]flortaucipir (AV‐1451) in autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease. Alzheimers Dement 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.044688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shaney E. Flores
- Washington University St. Louis School of Medicine St. Louis MO USA
| | | | - Yi Su
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute Phoenix AZ USA
| | - Aylin Dincer
- Washington University St. Louis School of Medicine St. Louis MO USA
| | - Sarah J. Keefe
- Washington University St. Louis School of Medicine St. Louis MO USA
| | | | | | - Syahir Mansor
- Washington University St. Louis School of Medicine St. Louis MO USA
| | - Yun Zhou
- Washington University St. Louis School of Medicine St. Louis MO USA
| | - Russ C. Hornbeck
- Washington University St. Louis School of Medicine St. Louis MO USA
| | - Laura Swisher
- Washington University St. Louis School of Medicine St. Louis MO USA
| | - Lisa Cash
- Washington University St. Louis School of Medicine St. Louis MO USA
| | - Zhude Tu
- Washington University St. Louis School of Medicine St. Louis MO USA
| | - John C. Morris
- Washington University St. Louis School of Medicine St. Louis MO USA
| | - Eric McDade
- Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center St. Louis MO USA
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Mansor S, Zhou Y, Flores SE, Hornbeck RC, Dincer A, Gordon BA, Cash L, Swisher L, Ances BM, Tu Z, LaForest R, Morris JC, McDade E, Bateman RJ, Benzinger TL. Evaluation of
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F‐MK‐6240 and
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F‐AV‐1451 tau PET tracers in Alzheimer disease. Alzheimers Dement 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.046124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Syahir Mansor
- Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine St. Louis MO USA
| | - Yun Zhou
- Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine St. Louis MO USA
| | - Shaney E. Flores
- Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine St. Louis MO USA
| | - Russ C. Hornbeck
- Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine St. Louis MO USA
| | - Aylin Dincer
- Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine St. Louis MO USA
| | | | - Lisa Cash
- Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine St. Louis MO USA
| | - Laura Swisher
- Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine St. Louis MO USA
| | - Beau M Ances
- Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine St. Louis MO USA
| | - Zhude Tu
- Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine St. Louis MO USA
| | | | - John C. Morris
- Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine St. Louis MO USA
| | - Eric McDade
- Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center St. Louis MO USA
| | - Randall J Bateman
- Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine St. Louis MO USA
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Ismail FS, Mansor S. Impact of Resolution Recovery in Quantitative 99mTc SPECT/CT Cardiac Phantom Studies. J Med Imaging Radiat Sci 2019; 50:449-453. [PMID: 31320272 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmir.2019.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to validate the quantitative accuracy of single photon emission computed tomography with computed tomography (SPECT/CT) images in cardiac phantom studies. The study was performed by assessing the effect of resolution recovery (RR) when using half-time of imaging acquisition in cardiac phantom. METHODS The SPECT/CT images of the anthropomorphic phantom with a cardiac insert, liver, lung, and spine were acquired using the GE Discovery (NM/CT 670) SPECT/CT system. Different concentration activity ratios for different organ (10:10:1:0, cardiac:liver:background:lung) regions were acquired by using full- and half-time protocols for 643 and 1283 voxel sizes that were reconstructed using filtered back projection (FBP) method and 3D ordered subset expectation maximization (3D-OSEM). Attenuation correction and scatter correction were applied to both reconstructions, whereas the RR only can be applied for 3D-OSEM. The data were analyzed and reported in terms of absolute recovery coefficient percentage between the cardiac insert and background activity concentration. Another parameter used to assess the quantitative accuracy for defect region was the relative error percentage. RESULTS The result of recovery coefficient percentage shows that the 3D-OSEM reconstruction with the RR gives the highest percentage estimation accuracy of 70% of activity recovery in the cardiac phantom wall compared with FBP (10.6%). The relative error percentage for reconstructed SPECT/CT images using 3D-OSEM reconstruction with RR shows the least error compared with FBP (21% vs. 45.1%) both in the full-and half-time acquisition of images with a larger number of matrix size used. CONCLUSIONS 3D-OSEM reconstruction with the RR is beneficial in giving better quantitative evaluation with a good resolution myocardial perfusion image. To accomplish this, a larger matrix size is required for 3D-OSEM reconstruction with the RR and it demonstrated an improvement in image resolution and increased quantitative accuracy of the final reconstructed SPECT/CT images.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faizatul Shahira Ismail
- Oncological and Radiological Science Cluster, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute SAINS@BERTAM, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bertam 13200, Kepala Batas, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Syahir Mansor
- Oncological and Radiological Science Cluster, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute SAINS@BERTAM, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bertam 13200, Kepala Batas, Penang, Malaysia.
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Mansor S, Pfaehler E, Heijtel D, Lodge MA, Boellaard R, Yaqub M. Impact of PET/CT system, reconstruction protocol, data analysis method, and repositioning on PET/CT precision: An experimental evaluation using an oncology and brain phantom. Med Phys 2017; 44:6413-6424. [PMID: 28994465 PMCID: PMC5734628 DOI: 10.1002/mp.12623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2017] [Revised: 10/03/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose In longitudinal oncological and brain PET/CT studies, it is important to understand the repeatability of quantitative PET metrics in order to assess change in tracer uptake. The present studies were performed in order to assess precision as function of PET/CT system, reconstruction protocol, analysis method, scan duration (or image noise), and repositioning in the field of view. Methods Multiple (repeated) scans have been performed using a NEMA image quality (IQ) phantom and a 3D Hoffman brain phantom filled with 18F solutions on two systems. Studies were performed with and without randomly (< 2 cm) repositioning the phantom and all scans (12 replicates for IQ phantom and 10 replicates for Hoffman brain phantom) were performed at equal count statistics. For the NEMA IQ phantom, we studied the recovery coefficients (RC) of the maximum (SUVmax), peak (SUVpeak), and mean (SUVmean) uptake in each sphere as a function of experimental conditions (noise level, reconstruction settings, and phantom repositioning). For the 3D Hoffman phantom, the mean activity concentration was determined within several volumes of interest and activity recovery and its precision was studied as function of experimental conditions. Results The impact of phantom repositioning on RC precision was mainly seen on the Philips Ingenuity PET/CT, especially in the case of smaller spheres (< 17 mm diameter, P < 0.05). This effect was much smaller for the Siemens Biograph system. When exploring SUVmax, SUVpeak, or SUVmean of the spheres in the NEMA IQ phantom, it was observed that precision depended on phantom repositioning, reconstruction algorithm, and scan duration, with SUVmax being most and SUVpeak least sensitive to phantom repositioning. For the brain phantom, regional averaged SUVs were only minimally affected by phantom repositioning (< 2 cm). Conclusion The precision of quantitative PET metrics depends on the combination of reconstruction protocol, data analysis methods and scan duration (scan statistics). Moreover, precision was also affected by phantom repositioning but its impact depended on the data analysis method in combination with the reconstructed voxel size (tissue fraction effect). This study suggests that for oncological PET studies the use of SUVpeak may be preferred over SUVmax because SUVpeak is less sensitive to patient repositioning/tumor sampling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syahir Mansor
- Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Elisabeth Pfaehler
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Dennis Heijtel
- Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Martin A Lodge
- PET Center, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Nelson B1125, 1800 Orleans Street, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Ronald Boellaard
- Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Faculty of Medical Sciences, Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Maqsood Yaqub
- Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Mansor S, Yaqub M, Boellaard R, Froklage FE, de Vries A, Bakker ED, Voskuyl RA, Eriksson J, Schwarte LA, Verbeek J, Windhorst AD, Lammertsma AA. Parametric Methods for Dynamic 11C-Phenytoin PET Studies. J Nucl Med 2016; 58:479-483. [DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.116.178707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
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Mansor S, Boellaard R, Huisman MC, van Berckel BNM, Schuit RC, Windhorst AD, Lammertsma AA, van Velden FHP. Impact of New Scatter Correction Strategies on High-Resolution Research Tomograph Brain PET Studies. Mol Imaging Biol 2016; 18:627-35. [PMID: 26728160 PMCID: PMC4927607 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-015-0921-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study is to evaluate the impact of different scatter correction strategies on quantification of high-resolution research tomograph (HRRT) data for three tracers covering a wide range in kinetic profiles. PROCEDURES Healthy subjects received dynamic HRRT scans using either (R)-[(11)C]verapamil (n = 5), [(11)C]raclopride (n = 5) or [(11)C]flumazenil (n = 5). To reduce the effects of patient motion on scatter scaling factors, a margin in the attenuation correction factor (ACF) sinogram was applied prior to 2D or 3D single scatter simulation (SSS). RESULTS Some (R)-[(11)C]verapamil studies showed prominent artefacts that disappeared with an ACF-margin of 10 mm or more. Use of 3D SSS for (R)-[(11)C]verapamil showed a statistically significant increase in volume of distribution compared with 2D SSS (p < 0.05), but not for [(11)C]raclopride and [(11)C]flumazenil studies (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS When there is a patient motion-induced mismatch between transmission and emission scans, applying an ACF-margin resulted in more reliable scatter scaling factors but did not change (and/or deteriorate) quantification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syahir Mansor
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Center, PO Box 7057, 1007 MB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ronald Boellaard
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Center, PO Box 7057, 1007 MB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Marc C Huisman
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Center, PO Box 7057, 1007 MB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bart N M van Berckel
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Center, PO Box 7057, 1007 MB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Robert C Schuit
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Center, PO Box 7057, 1007 MB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Albert D Windhorst
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Center, PO Box 7057, 1007 MB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Adriaan A Lammertsma
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Center, PO Box 7057, 1007 MB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Floris H P van Velden
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Center, PO Box 7057, 1007 MB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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Mansor S, Boellaard R, Froklage FE, Bakker ED, Yaqub M, Voskuyl RA, Schwarte LA, Verbeek J, Windhorst AD, Lammertsma A. Quantification of Dynamic 11C-Phenytoin PET Studies. J Nucl Med 2015; 56:1372-7. [DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.115.158055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2015] [Accepted: 06/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
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Abstract
Chloroquine has been reported to antagonise the anti-parasitic action of quinine against Plasmodium falciparum in vitro. We looked for evidence of any such antagonism in vivo. In 123 Malawian children with cerebral malaria treated with parenteral quinine, the likelihood of survival and the rate of recovery were much the same in patients who had taken chloroquine and those who had not. In these circumstances we found no evidence of chloroquine/quinine antagonism.
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Liat LB, Fong YL, Krishnansamy M, Ramachandran P, Mansor S. Freshwater snail consumption and angiostrongyliasis in Malaya. Trop Geogr Med 1978; 30:241-6. [PMID: 726037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
A survey of the freshwater snails, Pila scutata and Bellamyia ingallsiana, as food consumed by the local population was carried out in Peninsular Malaysia. Of these two species the first is preferred; the sizes favoured are between 25--40 mm. Pila snails were found to be consumed by the three communities, viz. Malay, Chinese and Indian, in different ways. The various methods of preparing the snails for consumption are described. P. scutata is an intermediate host of the rat-lung worm, Angiostrongylus malaysiensis. As this worm presumably is the causative agent of human eosinophilic meningoencephalitis, the eating habits of the three races in consuming the snail in relation to the epidemiology of the disease was also discussed.
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