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Iizuka A, Suzuki H, Ogawa S, Kobayashi K, Kobayashi M, Awata S, Takebayashi T, Fujiwara Y. EFFECTS ON COGNITIVE FUNCTION AND CONTINUATION RATE OF A COGNITIVE INTERVENTION PROGRAM USING GO GAME. Innov Aging 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igy023.916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - H Suzuki
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology
| | - S Ogawa
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology
| | | | | | - S Awata
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology
| | | | - Y Fujiwara
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology
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Kobayashi K, Sakurai R, Sakuma N, Suzuki H, Ogawa S, Takebayashi T, Fujiwara Y. FINGER DEXTERITY IS ASSOCIATED WITH FUTURE IMPAIRMENT OF EXECUTIVE FUNCTION IN OLDER ADULTS: A 7-YEAR STUDY. Innov Aging 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igy023.2102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - R Sakurai
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology
| | - N Sakuma
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology
| | - H Suzuki
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology
| | - S Ogawa
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology
| | | | - Y Fujiwara
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology
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Amano S, Umeji A, Uchita A, Hashimoto Y, Takebayashi T, Kanata Y, Uchiyama Y, Domen K. Reliability and validity of arm function assessment for the Fugl–Meyer assessment with a Japanese guideline. Ann Phys Rehabil Med 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rehab.2018.05.426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Ogon I, Takebayashi T, Miyakawa T, Iwase T, Tanimoto K, Terashima Y, Jimbo S, Kobayashi T, Tohse N, Yamashita T. Attenuation of pain behaviour by local administration of alpha-2 adrenoceptor antagonists to dorsal root ganglia in a rat radiculopathy model. Eur J Pain 2015; 20:790-9. [DOI: 10.1002/ejp.804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- I. Ogon
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery; Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine; Japan
| | - T. Takebayashi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery; Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine; Japan
| | - T. Miyakawa
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery; Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine; Japan
| | - T. Iwase
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery; Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine; Japan
| | - K. Tanimoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery; Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine; Japan
| | - Y. Terashima
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery; Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine; Japan
| | - S. Jimbo
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery; Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine; Japan
| | - T. Kobayashi
- Department of Cellular Physiology and Signal Transduction; Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine; Japan
| | - N. Tohse
- Department of Cellular Physiology and Signal Transduction; Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine; Japan
| | - T. Yamashita
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery; Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine; Japan
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Harada S, Takebayashi T, Kurihara A, Okamura T, Sugiyama D, Takeuchi A, Hirayama A, Sugimoto M, Soga T, Tomita M. Metabolomic Biomarkers of Daily Alcohol Intake and Alcohol-Induced Hepatopathy in Community-Dwelling Adults: Tsuruoka Metabolomic Cohort Study, Japan. Int J Epidemiol 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyv097.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Iinuma T, Arai Y, Abe Y, Takayama M, Fukumoto M, Fukui Y, Iwase T, Takebayashi T, Hirose N, Gionhaku N, Komiyama K. Denture wearing during sleep doubles the risk of pneumonia in the very elderly. J Dent Res 2014; 94:28S-36S. [PMID: 25294364 DOI: 10.1177/0022034514552493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Poor oral health and hygiene are increasingly recognized as major risk factors for pneumonia among the elderly. To identify modifiable oral health-related risk factors, we prospectively investigated associations between a constellation of oral health behaviors and incident pneumonia in the community-living very elderly (i.e., 85 years of age or older). At baseline, 524 randomly selected seniors (228 men and 296 women; mean age, 87.8 years) were examined for oral health status and oral hygiene behaviors as well as medical assessment, including blood chemistry analysis, and followed up annually until first hospitalization for or death from pneumonia. During a 3-year follow-up period, 48 events associated with pneumonia (20 deaths and 28 acute hospitalizations) were identified. Among 453 denture wearers, 186 (40.8%) who wore their dentures during sleep were at higher risk for pneumonia than those who removed their dentures at night (log rank P = 0.021). In a multivariate Cox model, both perceived swallowing difficulties and overnight denture wearing were independently associated with an approximately 2.3-fold higher risk of the incidence of pneumonia (for perceived swallowing difficulties, hazard ratio [HR], 2.31; and 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.11-4.82; and for denture wearing during sleep, HR, 2.38; and 95% CI, 1.25-4.56), which was comparable with the HR attributable to cognitive impairment (HR, 2.15; 95% CI, 1.06-4.34), history of stroke (HR, 2.46; 95% CI, 1.13-5.35), and respiratory disease (HR, 2.25; 95% CI, 1.20-4.23). In addition, those who wore dentures during sleep were more likely to have tongue and denture plaque, gum inflammation, positive culture for Candida albicans, and higher levels of circulating interleukin-6 as compared with their counterparts. This study provided empirical evidence that denture wearing during sleep is associated not only with oral inflammatory and microbial burden but also with incident pneumonia, suggesting potential implications of oral hygiene programs for pneumonia prevention in the community.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Iinuma
- Department of Complete Denture Prosthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Y Arai
- Center for Supercentenarian Research, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Y Abe
- Center for Supercentenarian Research, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M Takayama
- Center for Preventive Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M Fukumoto
- Department of Complete Denture Prosthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Y Fukui
- Department of Complete Denture Prosthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - T Iwase
- Department of Pathology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - T Takebayashi
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - N Hirose
- Center for Supercentenarian Research, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - N Gionhaku
- Department of Complete Denture Prosthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - K Komiyama
- Department of Pathology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
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7
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Suzuki H, Matsuzaki J, Fukushima Y, Suzaki F, Kasugai K, Nishizawa T, Naito Y, Hayakawa T, Kamiya T, Andoh T, Yoshida H, Tokura Y, Nagata H, Kobayakawa M, Mori M, Kato K, Hosoda H, Takebayashi T, Miura S, Uemura N, Joh T, Hibi T, Tack J. Randomized clinical trial: rikkunshito in the treatment of functional dyspepsia--a multicenter, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2014; 26:950-61. [PMID: 24766295 DOI: 10.1111/nmo.12348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2013] [Accepted: 03/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rikkunshito, a standardized Japanese herbal medicine, is thought to accelerate gastric emptying and relieve dyspepsia, although no large-scale, randomized, placebo-controlled trials of rikkunshito have been conducted. This study aimed to determine the efficacy and safety of rikkunshito for treating functional dyspepsia (FD). METHODS FD patients received 2.5 g rikkunshito or placebo three times a day for 8 weeks in this multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel-group trial. The primary end point was the proportion of responders at 8 weeks after starting test drug, determined by global patient assessment (GPA). The improvement in four major dyspepsia symptoms severity scale was also evaluated. In addition, plasma ghrelin levels were investigated before and after treatment. KEY RESULTS Two hundred forty-seven patients were randomly assigned. In the eighth week, the rikkunshito group had more GPA responders (33.6%) than the placebo (23.8%), although this did not reach statistical significance (p = 0.09). Epigastric pain was significantly improved (p = 0.04) and postprandial fullness tended to improve (p = 0.06) in the rikkunshito group at week 8. Rikkunshito was relatively more effective among Helicobacter pylori-infected participants (rikkunshito: 40.0% vs placebo: 20.5%, p = 0.07), and seemed less effective among H. pylori-uninfected participants (rikkunshito: 29.3% vs placebo: 25.6%, p = 0.72). Among H. pylori-positive individuals, acyl ghrelin levels were improved just in rikkunshito group. There were no severe adverse events in both groups. CONCLUSIONS & INFERENCES Administration of rikkunshito for 8 weeks reduced dyspepsia, particularly symptoms of epigastric pain and postprandial fullness. (UMIN Clinical Trials Registry, Number UMIN000003954).
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Affiliation(s)
- H Suzuki
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Kamitani K, Michikawa T, Iwasawa S, Eto N, Tanaka T, Takebayashi T, Nishiwaki Y. Spinal Posture in the Sagittal Plane Is Associated With Future Dependence in Activities of Daily Living: A Community-Based Cohort Study of Older Adults in Japan. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2013; 68:869-75. [DOI: 10.1093/gerona/gls253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Iwase T, Takebayashi T, Tanimoto K, Terashima Y, Miyakawa T, Kobayashi T, Tohse N, Yamashita T. Sympathectomy attenuates excitability of dorsal root ganglion neurons and pain behaviour in a lumbar radiculopathy model. Bone Joint Res 2012; 1:198-204. [PMID: 23610691 PMCID: PMC3626214 DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.19.2000073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2012] [Accepted: 07/03/2012] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives In order to elucidate the influence of sympathetic nerves on
lumbar radiculopathy, we investigated whether sympathectomy attenuated
pain behaviour and altered the electrical properties of the dorsal
root ganglion (DRG) neurons in a rat model of lumbar root constriction. Methods Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three experimental groups.
In the root constriction group, the left L5 spinal nerve root was
ligated proximal to the DRG as a lumbar radiculopathy model. In
the root constriction + sympathectomy group, sympathectomy was performed
after the root constriction procedure. In the control group, no
procedures were performed. In order to evaluate the pain relief
effect of sympathectomy, behavioural analysis using mechanical and
thermal stimulation was performed. In order to evaluate the excitability
of the DRG neurons, we recorded action potentials of the isolated
single DRG neuron by the whole-cell patch-clamp method. Results In behavioural analysis, sympathectomy attenuated the mechanical
allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia caused by lumbar root constriction.
In electrophysiological analysis, single isolated DRG neurons with
root constriction exhibited lower threshold current, more depolarised
resting membrane potential, prolonged action potential duration,
and more depolarisation frequency. These hyperexcitable alterations
caused by root constriction were significantly attenuated in rats
treated with surgical sympathectomy. Conclusion The present results suggest that sympathectomy attenuates lumbar
radicular pain resulting from root constriction by altering the
electrical property of the DRG neuron itself. Thus, the sympathetic
nervous system was closely associated with lumbar radicular pain,
and suppressing the activity of the sympathetic nervous system may therefore
lead to pain relief.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Iwase
- Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, South 1, West 16, Chuo-ku, Sapporo 060-8543, Japan
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Matsuzaki J, Suzuki H, Asakura K, Fukushima Y, Inadomi JM, Takebayashi T, Hibi T. Classification of functional dyspepsia based on concomitant bowel symptoms. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2012; 24:325-e164. [PMID: 22235936 PMCID: PMC3386482 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2982.2011.01859.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Functional dyspepsia (FD) is a heterogeneous disease, and categorized into postprandial distress syndrome (PDS) and epigastric pain syndrome (EPS). However, many FD patients have overlap of both PDS and EPS. The present study was designed to examine whether FD could be categorized based on the presence of concomitant gastrointestinal symptoms. METHODS A web survey comprised of the Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale (GSRS), Rome III criteria of FD, and demographic information was sent to public participants who have no history of severe illness. Factor and cluster analyses were conducted to identify sub-categories of FD based on GSRS. KEY RESULTS A total of 8038 participants completed the survey. A total of 563 participants met the criteria for FD, whereas 6635 participants did not have dyspepsia symptoms. The remainder had either organic disease (377) or uninvestigated dyspepsia (463). The cluster analysis categorized participants as constipation predominant (cluster C), diarrhea predominant (cluster D), or having neither diarrhea nor constipation (cluster nCnD). Cluster C and D were significantly associated with the presence of FD [odds ratio (OR) 2.57, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.06-3.21; OR 2.80; 95% CI 2.27-3.45, respectively]. In FD, especially in PDS cases, the scores of upper gastrointestinal symptoms were higher in cluster C or D than in cluster nCnD. CONCLUSIONS & INFERENCES The severity of dyspepsia symptoms is associated with the presence of bowel symptoms especially in PDS. This novel categorization of FD based on concomitant constipation or diarrhea may improve classification of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Matsuzaki
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - H. Suzuki
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - K. Asakura
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Y. Fukushima
- Department of Internal Medicine, Tokyo-Eki Center-Building Clinic, Tokyo, Japan
| | - J. M. Inadomi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - T. Takebayashi
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - T. Hibi
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Yoshimoto M, Takebayashi T, Kawaguchi S, Tsuda H, Ida K, Wada T, Suzuki D, Yamashita T. Minimally Invasive Technique for Decompression of Lumbar Foraminal Stenosis Using a Spinal Microendoscope: Technical Note. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 54:142-6. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1279716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Nishiwaki Y, Michikawa T, Eto N, Takebayashi T. Body Mass Index Misclassification Due to Kyphotic Posture in Japanese Community-Dwelling Adults Aged 65 Years and Older. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2011; 66:326-31. [DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glq227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Takebayashi T, Fujino Y, Kojima T, Koh B, Ogita S. Clinical application of a new kit for the rapid quantitative measurement of urinary luteinising hormone in the urine of women with normal ovulatory cycles. J OBSTET GYNAECOL 2009. [DOI: 10.3109/01443619309151865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Michikawa T, Nishiwaki Y, Kikuchi Y, Hosoda K, Mizutari K, Saito H, Asakura K, Milojevic A, Iwasawa S, Nakano M, Takebayashi T. Serum Levels of Retinol and Other Antioxidants for Hearing Impairment Among Japanese Older Adults. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2009; 64:910-5. [DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glp038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
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Ishigami A, Kikuchi Y, Iwasawa S, Nishiwaki Y, Takebayashi T, Tanaka S, Omae K. Volcanic sulfur dioxide and acute respiratory symptoms on Miyakejima island. Occup Environ Med 2009; 65:701-7. [PMID: 18801927 DOI: 10.1136/oem.2007.033456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Following a volcanic eruption in 2000, high concentrations of ambient sulfur dioxide (SO2) are still observed on Miyakejima, Japan despite the reversal 2 years ago of the ban on residents living on the island. This study examines the association between current levels of volcanic SO2 and the incidence of acute subjective symptoms in volunteers on Miyakejima. METHODS The authors conducted a follow-up study on 611 healthy volunteers, on a person-hour basis (28 413 person-hours), who visited the island to provide support to residents from February to July 2005. Adverse health symptoms were measured by self-administered diary and exposure was approximated using monitoring data across 14 sites. Associations between incidence rates and increasing SO2 levels (reference (the lowest), very low, low, middle and high) were examined using Poisson regression. RESULTS Hourly incidence of cough, scratchy throat, sore throat and breathlessness showed clear exposure-response relationships with SO2 concentrations. There were statistically significant risks of those symptoms at relatively low SO2 levels. Thus, rate ratios in the 0.6-2.0 ppm exposure band (vs <0.01 ppm) were: for cough, 3.4 (95% CI 1.8 to 6.6) in men and 9.8 (3.9 to 24.9) in women; for sore throat, 3.2 (1.7 to 6.2) in men and 5.8 (2.0 to 16.5) in women; and for breathlessness, 10.5 (4.2 to 26.6) in men and 18.5 (4.6 to 74.3) in women. Little evidence of SO2 effects on sputum and nasal discharge/congestion was observed in this study. Eye and skin irritations showed inconsistent results between hourly maximal and hourly mean SO2 concentrations. CONCLUSION The authors observed strong evidence of an exposure-response relationship between volcanic SO2 and subjective acute respiratory symptoms among a healthy population on Miyakejima. The results are consistent with reports that females and non-smokers are more sensitive to irritant gas than males and smokers, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ishigami
- Public & Environmental Health Research Unit, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Kappel Street, London WC1E7HT, UK.
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Nishimura T, Hasegawa N, Mori M, Takebayashi T, Harada N, Higuchi K, Tasaka S, Ishizaka A. Accuracy of an interferon-gamma release assay to detect active pulmonary and extra-pulmonary tuberculosis. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2008; 12:269-274. [PMID: 18284831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the performance of an interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) release assay (QuantiFERON-TB 2G assay [QFT-G]) to detect Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in a Japanese general hospital, for the diagnosis of active pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) and extra-pulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB). DESIGN We prospectively examined the performance of QFT-G in 194 patients suspected of active TB. Diagnosis was confirmed by 1) positive M. tuberculosis cultures, or 2) clinical manifestations or laboratory or pathological findings consistent with active TB and response to specific therapy. RESULTS Three patients with indeterminate QFT-G results were excluded. Among the remaining 191 patients, 77 had active TB. When the cut-off concentration of IFN-gamma was set at 0.35 IU/ml, as recommended by the manufacturer, the assay was positive in 69 patients and negative in 122. The sensitivity of the assay was 76.6% in all patients, 74.5% in the 47 patients with PTB and 80.0% in the 30 patients with EPTB. The overall specificity of the assay was 91.2%. CONCLUSION Although the specificity of the QFT-G to detect active TB was high and its sensitivity low, it was as accurate for the detection of active EPTB as for PTB when the 0.35 IU/ml INF-gamma cut-off concentration was used.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Nishimura
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan
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Takebayashi T, Varsier N, Kikuchi Y, Wake K, Taki M, Watanabe S, Akiba S, Yamaguchi N. Mobile phone use, exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic field, and brain tumour: a case-control study. Br J Cancer 2008; 98:652-9. [PMID: 18256587 PMCID: PMC2243154 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6604214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
In a case–control study in Japan of brain tumours in relation to mobile phone use, we used a novel approach for estimating the specific absorption rate (SAR) inside the tumour, taking account of spatial relationships between tumour localisation and intracranial radiofrequency distribution. Personal interviews were carried out with 88 patients with glioma, 132 with meningioma, and 102 with pituitary adenoma (322 cases in total), and with 683 individually matched controls. All maximal SAR values were below 0.1 W kg−1, far lower than the level at which thermal effects may occur, the adjusted odds ratios (ORs) for regular mobile phone users being 1.22 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.63–2.37) for glioma and 0.70 (0.42–1.16) for meningioma. When the maximal SAR value inside the tumour tissue was accounted for in the exposure indices, the overall OR was again not increased and there was no significant trend towards an increasing OR in relation to SAR-derived exposure indices. A non-significant increase in OR among glioma patients in the heavily exposed group may reflect recall bias.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Takebayashi
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Abstract
A rat model of lumbar root constriction with an additional sympathectomy in some animals was used to assess whether the sympathetic nerves influenced radicular pain. Behavioural tests were undertaken before and after the operation. On the 28th post-operative day, both dorsal root ganglia and the spinal roots of L4 and L5 were removed, frozen and sectioned on a cryostat (8 μm to 10 μm). Immunostaining was then performed with antibodies to tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) according to the Avidin Biotin Complex method. In order to quantify the presence of sympathetic nerve fibres, we counted TH-immunoreactive fibres in the dorsal root ganglia using a light microscope equipped with a micrometer graticule (10 x 10 squares, 500 mm x 500 mm). We counted the squares of the graticule which contained TH-immunoreactive fibres for each of five randomly-selected sections of the dorsal root ganglia. The root constriction group showed mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia. In this group, TH-immunoreactive fibres were abundant in the ipsilateral dorsal root ganglia at L5 and L4 compared with the opposite side. In the sympathectomy group, mechanical hypersensitivity was attenuated significantly. We consider that the sympathetic nervous system plays an important role in the generation of radicular pain.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - N. Tohse
- Department of Cellular Physiology and Signal Transduction School of Medicine Sapporo Medical University, South 1, West 16 & 17, Chuo-ku, Sapporo 060–8543, Japan
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Greven FE, Duijm F, Kerstjens HAM, Heederik D, Greven FE, Meijer E, Suarthana E, Moons KGM, de Monchy J, Meijster T, Heederik D, Sun Y, Yamanaka M, Guidotti TL, Koehncke N, Nakano M, Kikuchi Y, Tanaka A, Hirata M, Sano Y, Yoshioka N, Nishiwaki Y, Takebayashi T, Omae K, Nakano M, Zinszer KA, Gagne V, Guernsey JR, Peters CE, Demers PA, Kennedy SM, Chaiear N, Ngoencharee J, Saejiw N. Respiratory. Occup Environ Med 2007. [DOI: 10.1136/oem.64.12.e26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Kobayashi N, Takebayashi T, Saito S, Terashita T, Shimokawa T, Matsuda S. Coincidence of a right retroaortic circumflex coronary artery and a right-sided aortic arch with a retroesophageal course of the left subclavian artery (arteria lusoria). Clin Anat 2007; 19:354-7. [PMID: 16092123 DOI: 10.1002/ca.20193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
An anomalous branch of the right coronary artery was found in a 71-year-old male cadaver with a right-sided aortic arch. The anomalous artery arose from the proximal portion of the right coronary artery and ran in a retroaortic course, before reaching the posterior wall of the heart. It was recognized as the right-sided variation of the circumflex coronary artery. The aortic arch had as branches the left common carotid, right common carotid, right subclavian, and left subclavian arteries, in that order, and the descending aorta was located in the right thorax. The left subclavian artery arose from a Kommerell's diverticulum and ran behind the esophagus, and the left-sided ligamentum arteriosum was also connected at the diverticulum. Therefore, the right aortic arch was classified as type N according to Adachi-Williams-Nakagawa and type III-B1 in accordance with Stewart-Edwards. The Kommerell's diverticulum in this case seemed to press on the posterior wall of the esophagus.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Kobayashi
- Division of Anatomy and Embryology, Department of Integrated Basic Medical Science, Ehime University School of Medicine, Shitsukawa, To-on City, 791-0295, Japan.
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Hamaguchi T, Omae K, Takebayashi T, Kikuchi Y, Yoshioka N, Nishiwaki Y, Tanaka A, Hirata M, Taguchi O, Chonan T. Exposure to hardly soluble indium compounds in ITO production and recycling plants is a new risk for interstitial lung damage. Occup Environ Med 2007; 65:51-5. [PMID: 17626138 DOI: 10.1136/oem.2006.029124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To identify the effects of indium on the lung and to assess exposure-effect and exposure-response relations between indium exposure and effects on the lungs. METHODS Ninety three male indium exposed and 93 male non-exposed workers from four ITO manufacturing or ITO recycling plants were analysed in a cross-sectional study. Indium in serum (In-S) was determined as a biological exposure index. Geometric means (GSD) of In-S were 8.25 ng/ml (4.55) in the exposed workers and 0.25 (2.64) in the non-exposed workers. The maximum concentration of In-S was 116.9 ng/ml. A questionnaire for respiratory symptoms and job histories, spirometry, high-resolution computerised tomography (HRCT) of the chest, serum KL-6, serum SP-A, serum SP-D and serum CRP were measured as the effect indices. RESULTS Spirometry, subjective symptoms and the prevalence of interstitial or emphysematous changes on lung HRCT showed no differences between exposed and non-exposed workers. Geometric means (GSD) of KL-6, SP-D and SP-A in the exposed workers were 495.4 U/ml (2.26), 85.2 ng/ml (2.02) and 39.6 ng/ml (1.57), and were significantly higher than those in the non-exposed workers. The prevalence (%) of the exposed and non-exposed workers exceeding the reference values were also significantly higher in KL-6 (41.9 vs 2.2), SP-D (39.8 vs 7.5), and SP-A (43.0 vs 24.7). Very sharp exposure-effect and exposure-response relations were discovered between In-S and KL-6 and between In-S and SP-D when the exposed workers were classified into seven groups by In-S. CONCLUSIONS The study outcomes with regard to the basis of serum immunochemistry biomarkers and HRCT indicate that exposure to hardly soluble indium compound dust may represent a risk for interstitial lung damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Hamaguchi
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Keio University Tokyo, Japan.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES The rapid increase of mobile phone use has increased public concern about its possible health effects in Japan, where the mobile phone system is unique in the characteristics of its signal transmission. To examine the relation between mobile phone use and acoustic neuroma, a case-control study was initiated. METHODS The study followed the common, core protocol of the international collaborative study, INTERPHONE. A prospective case recruitment was done in Japan for 2000-04. One hundred and one acoustic neuroma cases, who were 30-69 years of age and resided in the Tokyo area, and 339 age, sex, and residency matched controls were interviewed using a common computer assisted personal interview system. Education and marital status adjusted odds ratio was calculated with a conditional logistic regression analysis. RESULTS Fifty one cases (52.6%) and 192 controls (58.2%) were regular mobile phone users on the reference date, which was set as one year before the diagnosis, and no significant increase of acoustic neuroma risk was observed, with the odds ratio (OR) being 0.73 (95% CI 0.43 to 1.23). No exposure related increase in the risk of acoustic neuroma was observed when the cumulative length of use (<4 years, 4-8 years, >8 years) or cumulative call time (<300 hours, 300-900 hours, >900 hours) was used as an exposure index. The OR was 1.09 (95% CI 0.58 to 2.06) when the reference date was set as five years before the diagnosis. Further, laterality of mobile phone use was not associated with tumours. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that there is no significant increase in the risk of acoustic neuroma in association with mobile phone use in Japan.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Takebayashi
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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23
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Abstract
To clarify the pathomechanisms of discogenic low back pain, the sympathetic afferent discharge originating from the L5-L6 disc via the L2 root were investigated neurophysiologically in 31 Lewis rats. Sympathetic afferent units were recorded from the L2 root connected to the lumbar sympathetic trunk by rami communicantes. The L5-L6 discs were mechanically probed, stimulated electrically to evoke action potentials and, finally, treated with chemicals to produce an inflammatory reaction. We could not obtain a response from any units in the L5-L6 discs using mechanical stimulation, but with electrical stimulation we identified 42 units consisting mostly of A-delta fibres. In some experiments a response to mechanical probing of the L5-L6 disc was recognised after producing an inflammatory reaction. This study suggests that mechanical stimulation of the lumbar discs may not always produce pain, whereas inflammatory changes may cause the disc to become sensitive to mechanical stimuli, resulting in nociceptive information being transmitted as discogenic low back pain to the spinal cord through the lumbar sympathetic trunk. This may partly explain the variation in human symptoms of degenerate discs.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Takebayashi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Sapporo 060-8543, Japan.
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Okamura T, Tanaka T, Yoshita K, Chiba N, Takebayashi T, Kikuchi Y, Tamaki J, Tamura U, Minai J, Kadowaki T, Miura K, Nakagawa H, Tanihara S, Okayama A, Ueshima H. Specific alcoholic beverage and blood pressure in a middle-aged Japanese population: the High-risk and Population Strategy for Occupational Health Promotion (HIPOP-OHP) Study. J Hum Hypertens 2004; 18:9-16. [PMID: 14688805 DOI: 10.1038/sj.jhh.1001627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to clarify the effects of popular Japanese alcoholic beverages on blood pressure. We performed a cross-sectional study on 4335 Japanese male workers using baseline data from an intervention study. We defined six groups according to the type of alcoholic beverage that provided two-thirds of the subject's total alcohol consumption: beer, sake (rice wine), shochu (traditional Japanese spirits), whiskey, wine and others. The partial regression coefficients of daily alcohol intake (1 drink=11.5 g of ethanol) to systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were 0.87(P<0.001, standard error (s.e.)=0.09) and 0.77(P<0.001, s.e.=0.06), respectively. A comparison among the types of alcoholic beverages mainly consumed revealed significant differences in SBP and DBP. Both SBP and DBP were highest in the shochu group. However, an analysis of covariance adjusting for total alcohol consumption resulted in the disappearance of these differences. Although after adjustment for total alcohol consumption, the shochu group exhibited a significant positive association with 'high-normal blood pressure or greater' (odds ratio 1.43, 95% confidence interval 1.06-1.95) compared with the beer group, this significant relation disappeared after adjusting for the body mass index (BMI), urinary sodium and potassium excretion. The pressor effect, per se, of popular Japanese alcoholic beverages on blood pressure may not be different among the types of alcoholic beverages after adjusting for other lifestyle factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Okamura
- Department of Health Science, Shiga University of Medical Science, Japan.
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25
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Okamura T, Tanaka T, Babazono A, Yoshita K, Chiba N, Takebayashi T, Nakagawa H, Yamato H, Miura K, Tamaki J, Kadowaki T, Okayama A, Ueshima H. The high-risk and population strategy for occupational health promotion (HIPOP-OHP) study: study design and cardiovascular risk factors at the baseline survey. J Hum Hypertens 2004; 18:475-85. [PMID: 14749712 DOI: 10.1038/sj.jhh.1001680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
In order to establish the methodology of a population strategy for improving cardiovascular risk factors, we have planned the High-risk and Population Strategy for Occupational Health Promotion Study (HIPOP-OHP study). This study is a nonrandomized control trial in approximately 6500 participants in six intervention and six control companies. Our population strategy is based on three factors, nutrition, physical activity, and smoking. For each factor, a researcher's working team was organized and has been supporting the intervention. A standardized method to obtain comparable data has also been established. In the baseline survey, urinary sodium excretion in male subjects was higher, and urinary potassium excretion was lower in both genders in the intervention group compared to the control group. The prevalence of hypertension for both genders was also higher in the intervention group. Male subjects in the intervention group had higher serum total cholesterol than controls, while high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was lower in both genders in the intervention group compared to the control group. These differences were reflected by our finding that the predicted relative risk of coronary heart disease for male subjects was significantly higher in the intervention group (relative risk, RR: 1.17; 95% confidence interval, 95% CI.: 1.09, 1.25) and significantly lower in the control group (RR: 0.93; 95% CI.: 0.89, 0.98) compared to a model Japanese population. Similar results were observed in the female subjects. Taken together, these findings indicate that it is possible to compare trends of predicted relative risk for coronary heart disease between two groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Okamura
- Department of Health Science, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan. tokamura@belle,shiga-med.ac.jp
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26
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Nishiwaki Y, Takebayashi T, O'Uchi T, Nomiyama T, Uemura T, Sakurai H, Omae K. Six year observational cohort study of the effect of carbon disulphide on brain MRI in rayon manufacturing workers. Occup Environ Med 2004; 61:225-32. [PMID: 14985517 PMCID: PMC1740728 DOI: 10.1136/oem.2002.006932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To clarify whether the current occupational exposure limit (OEL) for carbon disulphide (CS2) is low enough to prevent the occurrence of adverse effects on the cerebrovascular system. METHODS A total of 432 male workers exposed to CS2 and 402 male referent workers in 11 Japanese viscose rayon factories were studied at baseline; 750 of these were followed up. Brain MRI was performed at both baseline and follow up surveys. Changes in the number of hyperintense spots in T2 weighted images (HIS), which point to so-called "silent cerebral infarctions", were evaluated over six years. A total of 666 subjects (217 exposed, 125 ex-exposed, and 324 referent subjects) who twice received brain MRI were subjected to analysis. Mean duration of exposure to the end of the study was 19.6 years for the exposed workers. The geometric mean CS2 (ppm) and TTCA (mg/g creatinine) concentrations for the past six years were 4.9 and 1.6 for all exposed workers, 5.8 and 1.9 for spinning/refining workers, and 2.7 and 0.9 for other exposed workers, respectively. RESULTS Exposed subjects showed a significantly higher risk for an increase in the number of HIS over six years. Odds ratios adjusted for possible confounders in the exposed and ex-exposed workers were 2.27 (95% CI 1.37 to 3.76) and 1.33 (95% CI 0.70 to 2.54), respectively. No exposure-response relations were observed in a number of analyses among the exposed workers. CONCLUSIONS Exposure to CS2 under the current Japanese OEL, 10 ppm, might increase the number of HIS in brain MRI. However, results should be interpreted with caution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Nishiwaki
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan.
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27
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Takebayashi T, Nishiwaki Y, Uemura T, Nakashima H, Nomiyama T, Sakurai H, Omae K. A six year follow up study of the subclinical effects of carbon disulphide exposure on the cardiovascular system. Occup Environ Med 2004; 61:127-34. [PMID: 14739378 PMCID: PMC1740715 DOI: 10.1136/oem.2002.006858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
AIMS A six year prospective cohort study was conducted to clarify whether the current carbon disulphide (CS2) exposure level is low enough to prevent subclinical health impairment and/or to ameliorate health effects due to previous high exposure. This paper describes the effects on the cardiovascular systems. METHODS The study subjects were 432 male workers exposed to CS2 and 402 non-exposed workers in Japan, all of whom were examined in 1992-93. A total of 251 CS2 exposed, 140 formerly exposed, and 359 non-exposed workers participated in the follow up survey (follow up rate 89.9%) in 1998-99. Mean duration of exposure was 19.3 years at the end the study. Mean CS2 and 2-thiothiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid (TTCA) concentrations were 5.0 ppm and 1.6 mg/g creatinine. Health items examined were serum biochemical indices including lipids and coagulation-fibrinolysis factors, blood pressure, aortic stiffness, ophthalmography, and electrocardiography at rest and after Master's double 2 step test. Potential confounding factors were adjusted for. RESULTS Incidence of ischaemic findings, defined as Minnesota codes I, IV(1-3), V(1-3) (at rest and after the load), or receiving treatment for ischaemia, was significantly higher in the exposed workers, especially for the spinning/refining workers (adjusted OR 2.1; 95% CI 1.1 to 4.0) or the highest quartile of six year mean TTCA (adjusted OR 3.9; 95% CI 1.8 to 8.7), although the observed increase in risk was diminished when rigorous ECG criteria were applied. Incidence of retinal microaneurysm was increased with marginal significance. Among cardiovascular risk factors we examined, only blood pressure values were significantly increased in the exposed workers. CONCLUSIONS Increased risk of ischaemic electrocardiogram findings among Japanese viscose rayon workers was observed. Although its clinical significance is to be discussed, the current Japanese occupational exposure limit for CS2, 10 ppm, would be high to prevent subclinical cardiovascular effects in this study population.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Takebayashi
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Keio University, Japan.
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Abstract
A 33-year-old man presented with Kimura's disease of the hard palate. Serological examination showed no elevation in the number of eosinophils or in IgE level, but histological examination revealed well-developed lymph follicles with increased numbers of eosinophils. In addition, immunohistochemical examination revealed that the IgE concentrations were shown in the lymphoid follicles with germinal centers, a finding typical of Kimura's disease. The patient underwent surgical resection followed by treatment with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Throughout the 2-year follow-up period, the patient's condition has remained satisfactory.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Terakado
- Department of Oral Surgery, Akou Central Hospital, Japan
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29
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Abstract
STUDY DESIGN The somatosensory afferent units in the sacroiliac joint of an animal model were investigated using an electrophysiologic technique. OBJECTIVES To identify the mechanosensitive receptive fields in the sacroiliac joint, and to determine their distribution and characteristics. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA The sacroiliac joint is considered to be a source of lower back pain. Although there have been clinical studies on the diagnosis of sacroiliac joint pain, no satisfactory diagnostic method other than joint blocks has been reported. It still is not clear whether the sacroiliac joints actually transmit pain to the central nervous system. The sensory innervation of the sacroiliac joint has not been fully characterized neurophysiologically. METHODS Experiments were performed on 10 adult cats weighing 2.6 to 4 kg. The animals were anesthetized with intravenous sodium pentobarbital. An L4-L7 laminectomy was performed. The L4-L6 dorsal roots were cut at their proximal ends, split, and draped over a bipolar recording electrode. Glass probes were used to search the sacroiliac joint and adjacent tissues for mechanosensitive units. When units were identified, they were stimulated electrically to obtain conduction velocities and by Semmes-Weinstein monofilaments to determine mechanical thresholds. RESULTS In the sacroiliac joint and adjacent muscles, 29 discrete mechanosensitive units were identified. Of these 29 units, 26 were found in the posterior sacroiliac ligament and the remaining 3 in the adjacent muscles. Also, 16 units (55%) were identified in the proximal third of the sacroiliac joint. Conduction velocities of the units ranged from 3.1 to 22 m/second (average, 9.2 m/second), and 26 units were group III. Mechanical thresholds of the units ranged from 4.6 to 164.3 g (average, 69.7 g). Whereas 28 units (96.6%) had thresholds higher than 7 g, one unit (3.4%) had a threshold lower than 7 g. CONCLUSIONS Group III units with mechanical thresholds higher than 7 g may serve as nociceptors, and units with thresholds of lower than 7 g may serve as proprioceptors. The current study showed that most of the units in the sacroiliac joint were high-threshold group III units that perhaps had a nociceptive function. This result suggests that the sacroiliac joint may be a source of lower back pain in humans. This study also showed that the sacroiliac joint has little proprioceptive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Sakamoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
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30
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Abstract
STUDY DESIGN The case of patient with scoliosis based on a rare hamartomatous, Proteus syndrome, is reported. OBJECTIVES To present the characteristics of scoliosis associated with Proteus syndrome, and to investigate the mechanisms that cause it. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA Proteus syndrome, a rare hamartomatous disorder first coined by Wiedemann, manifests many clinical morphologic abnormalities including scoliosis. The characteristics and cause of scoliosis in this syndrome are fully unknown. METHODS A patient with Proteus syndrome was followed from the age of 3 months to the age of 21 years. This patient received spinal corrective surgery for severe scoliosis. Detailed investigations of the scoliosis as well as the physical and imaging examinations were performed to characterize the scoliosis. RESULTS Computed tomography showed exclusive asymmetric appearance of lumbar spine, hypertrophy of the only right facet joints, and pedicles at L1-L4, which accorded with the right-side hemihypertrophy of the patient's extremities. CONCLUSIONS Scoliosis with Proteus syndrome seems to be based on hemihypertrophy, with no influence of mechanical stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Takebayashi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan.
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31
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Abstract
STUDY DESIGN The mechanosensitive afferent units in the lumbar posterior longitudinal ligament were investigated in an animal model using an electrophysiologic technique. OBJECTIVES The objectives of this study were to identify the mechanosensitive receptive fields in the lumbar posterior longitudinal ligament and to investigate their distribution and characteristics. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA The lumbar posterior longitudinal ligament has a nerve network originating from the sinuvertebral nerve. These fibers are thin, and most of their terminals are free nerve endings. Some immunohistochemical studies have indicated that they are immunoreactive to calcitonin gene-related peptide and/or substance P, suggesting a nociceptive function. Most of these studies investigated morphologic aspects, and there have been few studies employing electrophysiologic techniques to examine mechanosensitive units. METHODS We used 13 adult cats. They were anesthetized and then laminectomy was performed. The L5 and L6 dorsal rootlets were draped over a recording electrode. To investigate the receptive fields in the posterior longitudinal ligament, afferent impulses were evoked by mechanical stimulation with a glass probe. When the receptive fields were located, they were stimulated electrically to obtain conduction velocity and were stimulated with a set of 17 nylon filaments to determine their mechanical thresholds. RESULTS Thirteen units were identified in the lumbar posterior longitudinal ligament. The majority of the units were located around the intervertebral disc level of the posterior longitudinal ligament. The mean mechanical threshold was 47.04 +/- 15.25 g. According to the conduction velocities of the units, 12 units were classified into Group III (0.5-2.5 m/sec) and one unit into Group IV (2.5-20 m/sec). CONCLUSION Mechanosensitive units classified into Group III or Group IV and with a high mechanical threshold (>7.0 g) were thought to act as nociceptive units. All units identified in this study satisfied these criteria. Our result suggests that afferent fibers from the lumbar posterior longitudinal ligament have a principally nociceptive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sekine
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.
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32
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Abstract
STUDY DESIGN This study was designed to investigate, using neurophysiologic techniques in an in vivo rat model, the effect of application of nucleus pulposus to the nerve root on the neural activity of the dorsal root ganglion and the corresponding receptive fields. OBJECTIVES To assess a further role of the dorsal root ganglion in mechanisms of radicular pain in lumbar disc herniation. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA It has been suggested that the epidural application of autologous nucleus pulposus without mechanical compression causes nerve root inflammation and related radicular pain in lumbar disc herniation. Concerning the dorsal root ganglion, its mechanical hypersensitivity and potential for generating ectopic discharges have been reported. However, the effect of autologous nucleus pulposus on the dorsal root ganglion is uncertain. METHODS In adult Sprague-Dawley rats spontaneous neural activity was recorded from the surgically exposed L5 dorsal root using electrophysiologic techniques, and the mechanosensitivity of L5 dorsal root ganglia and corresponding receptive fields on the hind paw were measured using calibrated nylon filaments. Autologous nucleus pulposus from the tail or fat was implanted at the L5 nerve root. Neural activity was monitored for 6 hours. RESULTS Spontaneous neural activity in the nucleus pulposus group gradually increased and showed significant differences compared with the fat group from 2.5 to 6 hours after exposure. The mechanosensitivity of the dorsal root ganglia showed significant increases compared with the fat group. CONCLUSIONS After application of nucleus pulposus to the nerve root, the dorsal root ganglion demonstrated increased excitability and mechanical hypersensitivity. These results suggest that nucleus pulposus causes excitatory changes in the dorsal root ganglion.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Takebayashi
- Bioengineering Center, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA.
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Nishiwaki Y, Takebayashi T, Imai A, Yamamoto M, Omae K. Difference by instructional set in stabilometry. J Vestib Res 2001; 10:157-61. [PMID: 11052154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
There is no standard for the awareness of standing posture in stabilometry, yet little research addressing the matter has been carried out. In the present study, we evaluated the influence of different instructional sets during a test on stabilometry. Stabilometry was performed on 349 male subjects. Two different instructions were prepared for the subjects regarding the awareness of their standing posture. These instructions were a) "Please relax when you stand" (R-standing), and b) "Please make an effort to minimize your body sway" (E-standing). Subjects were classified into four groups according to the combination of these instructions they received. For the five body sway parameters, a comparison between R-standing and E-standing was performed, controlling for possible confounders such as age, height, body weight, educational history, alcohol consumption, and smoking status. The sway length in E-standing was larger than that in R-standing, even after the adjustment for possible confounders. Our results indicate that the difference in the instructional set caused a significant measurement bias. Thorough-going unification of instructions for the stabilometry should be recommended when stabilometry is performed in an epidemiological investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Nishiwaki
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan.
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Nishiwaki Y, Takebayashi T, Omae K, Ishizuka C, Nomiyama T, Sakurai H. Relationship between the blood coagulation-fibrinolysis system and the subclinical indicators of arteriosclerosis in a healthy male population. J Epidemiol 2000; 10:34-41. [PMID: 10695259 DOI: 10.2188/jea.10.34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A cross-sectional observation was performed to assess the relationship between the coagulation-fibrinolysis system and the subclinical indicators of arteriosclerosis in a healthy male population. Subjects were 445 workers (18.9-49.4, Av. 36.2 yrs) in viscose rayon manufacturing factories in Japan. Coagulation-fibrinolysis parameters determined were D-dimer(DD), thrombin antithrombin III complex (TAT), tissue plasminogen activator (TPA), and plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI1). The following indicators of arteriosclerosis were examined; systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP, DBP), stiffness parameter of the carotid artery using ultrasound (beta), pulse wave velocity of the aorta (PWV), and a number of lacunar infarctions from brain MRI. After age-stratification(-29, 30-39, 40+ yrs), the subjects were classified into quartiles by coagulation-fibrinolysis parameters. The mean values of SBP and DBP and beta and PWV, the prevalence of brain infarctions were compared across these quartiles by means of analysis of variance, chi-square test, respectively. Multivariate analysis was also employed to adjust other risk factors. In conclusion, SBP and DBP and beta, PWV were elevated by increase of PAI1, TAT, respectively, in the 40+ years group even after adjustment for other possible risk factors. DD had no relation to any of the indicators of arteriosclerosis. None of the coagulation-fibrinolysis parameters had any relation to brain infarctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Nishiwaki
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
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35
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Abstract
Electrophysiologic experiments were done to identify the somatosensory afferent units in the shoulder and adjacent tissues of the rabbit. Conduction velocity and mechanical threshold of the units were examined to determine whether the units have a nociceptive function or proprioceptive function. Eighty mechanosensitive units were identified in the shoulder and adjacent tissues. Forty-six of these units were found in the rotator cuff area, 26 in the supraspinatus muscle, and eight in the infraspinatus muscle. These tissues contained low to high threshold Group II and Group III units. This study showed there are nociceptors that receive pain sensation and proprioceptors that receive position sense with motion of the shoulder in the rotator cuff and the supraspinatus and infraspinatus muscles. The high density of nociceptors found in the rotator cuff and infraspinatus muscles near their insertion to the shoulder suggests these tissues are more sensitive to noxious stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Minaki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sapporo Medical University, Japan
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36
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Iwata M, Takebayashi T, Ohta H, Alcalde RE, Itano Y, Matsumura T. Zinc accumulation and metallothionein gene expression in the proliferating epidermis during wound healing in mouse skin. Histochem Cell Biol 1999; 112:283-90. [PMID: 10550613 DOI: 10.1007/s004180050449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Metallothionein (MT), a low molecular weight metal-binding protein, has been related to zinc and copper metabolism, the acute-phase response, and cellular proliferation. In this study, we investigated changes in zinc metabolism and MT gene expression occurring in tissue damage and repair during wound healing in mouse skin. Northern blot analysis revealed that a significant increase of MT mRNA was observed in the liver for 18 h after wounding, and serum zinc downfall and hepatic zinc uptake were observed. In situ hybridization analysis showed that no significant expression of MT mRNA was detected within the first 9 h after wounding. However, it was expressed restrictively in the proliferating epidermis of the wound margin after 12 h. Zinc began to accumulate in wounded skin after MT gene expressed. Northern blotting and immunocytochemical staining revealed that MT has been synthesized actively during the growth phase compared with the stationary phase in normal human epidermal keratinocytes in vitro. Intracellular zinc accumulation was observed in the proliferating cells. We concluded that hepatic MT plays an important role as an acute phase protein against host damage, and epidermal MT contributes in the supply of zinc to wounded tissue and activates proliferation for the regeneration of epidermis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Iwata
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery II, Okayama University Dental School, 2-5-1 Shikata-Cho, Okayama 700-8525, Japan
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37
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Abstract
PURPOSE To determine the effect of covering the patient's head and face on the prevention of intraoperative hypothermia (<35.5 degrees C). METHODS This randomized, prospective trial included 44 adults undergoing elective abdominal surgery. After the induction of anesthesia with thiopental, in 44 patients their extremities and trunk were covered with towels and sheets. In addition, 22 patients (covered group) had their face and head fully covered. Anesthesia was maintained with N2O 50-66% (2-3 L x min(-1)) and isoflurane (<IMAC) in oxygen combined with thoracic epidural anesthesia. Core temperature was measured at the tympanic membrane continuously and was recorded at 15 min intervals from the induction of anesthesia. Heat and moisture exchangers were used in their anesthetic circuit. Ambient temperature was maintained near 25 degrees C. RESULTS Neither group demonstrated intraoperative hypothermia. However, tympanic membrane temperature at 75, 90, 105 min in the covered group were higher than those of control group (36.7+/-0.4 degrees C vs. 36.5+/-0.4 degrees C, 36.8+/-0.5 degrees C vs. 36.4+/-0.5 degrees C, 36.8+/-0.5 degrees C vs. 36.4+/-0.5 degrees C, respectively, P<0.05). CONCLUSION Covering the patient's head and face maintains intraoperative core temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Kamitani
- Department of Anesthesia, Toyama Prefectural Central Hospital, Nishinagae, Toyama City, Japan
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38
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Omae K, Takebayashi T, Sakurai H. Occupational exposure limits based on biological monitoring: the Japan Society for Occupational Health. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 1999; 72:271-3. [PMID: 10491783 DOI: 10.1007/s004200050372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The Japan Society for Occupational Health started to recommend an occupational exposure limit based on biological monitoring (OEL-B) in 1993. Up to 1998, OEL-Bs for mercury, lead, hexane and 3,3'-dichloro-4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane had been adopted and those for 17 chemical substances (arsenic, cadmium, chromium, nickel, acetone, methanol, benzene, toluene, xylene, styrene, tetrachloroethylene, trichloroethylene, N,N-dimethylacetoamide, N,N-dimethylformamide, carbon disulfide, carbon monoxide, and organophospate insecticides) are in preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Omae
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan.
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39
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Abstract
Human asthma is characterized by three critical phenotypic traits: intermittent reversible airway obstruction, airway hyperresponsiveness and airway inflammation. In animal models of asthma, airway hyperresponsiveness is an important feature. This trait is characterized by an exaggerated bronchoconstrictor response that would have little physiological consequence in an otherwise unaffected or normal individual. In this article we explore two distinct facets of airway responsiveness. The first is the genetic basis for variations in airway responsiveness that occur in mice in the absence of any specific environmental manipulation. We demonstrate that standard genetic approaches can be successfully applied to the identification of regions of the mouse genome linked to the expression of airway hyperresponsiveness. The second topic addressed in this review is the change in airway responsiveness induced in rats by repeated exposure to sulphur dioxide gas. With daily exposure to high concentrations of sulphur dioxide gas, there is chronic injury and repair of epithelial cells. Over time, rats develop mucous hypersecretion, airway inflammation, increased airway resistance and airway hyperresponsiveness. This model has provided useful information on the mechanisms underlying the pathophysiological events that typify the chronic bronchitis in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Drazen
- Departments of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston 02115, USA
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40
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Yamashita T, Minaki Y, Takebayashi T, Sakamoto N, Ishii S. Neural response of mechanoreceptors to acute inflammation in the rotator cuff of the shoulder joint in rabbits. Acta Orthop Scand 1999; 70:137-40. [PMID: 10366913 DOI: 10.3109/17453679909011251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
We examined with electrophysiological techniques the effects of experimentally induced inflammation on the mechanosensitive afferent units in the rotator cuff of the shoulder joint of 21 rabbits. We identified 21 mechanosensitive units belonging to group III. 12 units had mechanical thresholds of > 7.0 g and 9 units had thresholds of < 7.0 g. After injection of inflammatory agents, kaolin and carrageenan, into the joint space, ongoing afferent discharge rates increased in all units. The average discharge rate increased significantly from 7 imp/s to 15 imp/s after injection. 5 units had a decreased mechanical threshold after the injection. Acute inflammation seems to have an excitatory and sensitizing effect on the high- and low-threshold units in the rotator cuff.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Yamashita
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sapporo Medical University, Japan.
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41
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Takebayashi T, Kabe I, Endo Y, Tanaka S, Miyauchi H, Nozi K, Takahashi K, Omae K. Acute liver dysfunction among workers exposed to 2,2-dichloro-1,1,1-tryfluoroethane (HCFC-123): a case report. Appl Occup Environ Hyg 1999; 14:72-4. [PMID: 10457632 DOI: 10.1080/104732299303214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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42
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Yoneyama E, Kamitani K, Nagakawa T, Takebayashi T, Ohe K, Yoshida H, Higuchi A. [The evaluation of the pre-operative interviews using information sheets]. Masui 1998; 47:1002-6. [PMID: 9753970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
This investigation deals with patients of more than 15 years of age and family members of children younger than 12 years of age to evaluate the pre-operative interviews using information sheets. The information sheets describe the anesthetic management and complications in a simple style. Sixty% of the patients and 75% of the children's family felt anxiety about the anesthesia and/or the operation (P < 0.05). More than a half of the patients did not want to receive informations about the anesthetic management and the risk of anesthesia. On the other hand, 9% of children's family did not want to know informations about the risk (P < 0.05). More than 80% of patients read the information sheets after the pre-operative interviews and about a half of patients answered that their anxiety before the surgery decreased. In this investigation, the children's family wanted to have information about the anesthesia or the operation more than patients themselves. The pre-anesthetic interviews using information sheets is useful to give information about anesthesia and to relieve anxiety of the patients and the children's family.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Yoneyama
- Department of Anesthesia, Toyama Prefectural Central Hospital
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43
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Abstract
Previous studies that used neonatal capsaicin (Cap) treatment to ablate C fibers indicate that C fibers act to inhibit lung damage and airway hyperresponsiveness after ozone (O3) exposure in rats. The purpose of this study was to determine 1) the role of tachykinins in these protective effects and 2) whether differences in minute ventilation (VE) during O3 exposure might account for the effect of Cap. In the first study, male Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to 1 part/million O3 or air for 3 h. Four hours later, a bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was performed or airway responsiveness was measured. Rats were treated with CP-99994 and SR-48968, selective neurokinin-1- and -2-receptor antagonists, respectively, or with vehicle (Veh). O3 caused an increase in the number of neutrophils recovered from BAL fluid in both the Veh-treated and tachykinin-receptor antagonist (TKRA)-treated rats, but the number of neutrophils was approximately twofold greater in the TKRA-treated rats. In contrast, TKRA treatment had no effect on baseline pulmonary mechanics or airway responsiveness. After O3 exposure, the number of neutrophils in BAL fluid was also greater in Cap- than in Veh-treated rats. O3 reduced VE in both Veh- and Cap-treated rats, but the response was greater (reduction of 44.7 +/- 3.7 vs. 27.8 +/- 6.8%) and occurred earlier (10 vs. 70 min) in Cap- than in Veh-treated rats (P < 0.02). These results suggest that tachykinins mediate protective effects of C fibers against O3-induced lung inflammation. The results also indicate that the more pronounced effect of O3 on BAL neutrophils in Cap-treated rats is not the result of a greater inhaled dose of O3 resulting from greater VE.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Takebayashi
- Physiology Program, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
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44
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Omae K, Takebayashi T, Nomiyama T, Ishizuka C, Nakashima H, Uemura T, Tanaka S, Yamauchi T, O'Uchi T, Horichi Y, Sakurai H. Cross sectional observation of the effects of carbon disulphide on arteriosclerosis in rayon manufacturing workers. Occup Environ Med 1998; 55:468-72. [PMID: 9816380 PMCID: PMC1757609 DOI: 10.1136/oem.55.7.468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A prospective cohort study was designed to clarify the relations between occupational exposure to carbon disulphide (CS2) and its effects on arteriosclerosis in workers in 11 Japanese rayon manufacturing factories. This report is a cross sectional baseline observation in the first study year. METHODS Study subjects were 432 male rayon workers (mean (range) age 35.5 (19.1-47.8); duration of exposure 13.4 (0.3-29.0)) and 402 male referent workers (age 35.8 (18.9-49.8)). Exposure to CS2 was assessed by determining the concentration of 2-thiothiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid (TTCA) in urine. Mean (SD) TTCA was 3.42 (2.73) mg/g creatinine (Cr) (n = 422). About a quarter of the urine samples were > 5 mg/g Cr, a biological exposure index recommended by the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists. Health effects on arteriosclerosis were evaluated by measuring blood pressure, serum lipids, pulse wave velocity of the aorta, stiffness and blood flow of the carotid artery, and blood coagulation and fibrinolysis indices, and by use of brain magnetic resonance imaging, electrocardiogram (at rest and after exercise), ophthalmograph, and Rose's questionnaire. Information on potential confounding factors was collected by self administered questionnaire. RESULTS Prevalence of microaneurysm of the retinal artery was significantly higher in workers exposed to CS2 (8.1%) than in referent workers (3.4%), and increased with age. Other examinations did not show any differences between the two groups even after allowance for confounding factors. CONCLUSIONS Significant effects of CS2 on arteriosclerosis were not found in current rayon manufacturing workers, with the exception of induction of microaneurysm of the retinal artery.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Omae
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Keio University, Japan
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45
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Takebayashi T, Omae K, Ishizuka C, Nomiyama T, Sakurai H. Cross sectional observation of the effects of carbon disulphide on the nervous system, endocrine system, and subjective symptoms in rayon manufacturing workers. Occup Environ Med 1998; 55:473-9. [PMID: 9816381 PMCID: PMC1757604 DOI: 10.1136/oem.55.7.473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES A prospective cohort study was initiated to clarify whether the current level of exposure to carbon disulphide (CS2) is low enough to prevent occurrence of subclinical health impairments or to ameliorate health effects due to past high exposure. This paper describes the effects of exposure to CS2 on the nervous and endocrine systems, and the subjective symptoms in a baseline observation. METHODS The effects were evaluated of CS2 on the median nerve conduction velocity, neurobehavioural and psychological tests, and subjective symptoms related to solvents in 432 male workers exposed to CS2 and 402 reference workers from 11 rayon factories in Japan. Adjustment was made for potential confounding factors such as age or alcohol drinking. Exposure to CS2 was either dichotomised or categorised into three groups by job type. RESULTS Reductions were observed in motor (-1.9 m/s) and sensory (-0.91 m/s for orthodromic and -1.1 m/s for antidromic) nerve conduction velocities in the workers exposed to CS2 at the spinning and refining processes. Small but significant increases were found in self rated depression scale score and decrease in digit span (backward) in the workers exposed to CS2. Of 54 subjective symptoms many were increased--namely, heavy feeling in the head, light headedness, fainting after suddenly standing up, tremor, dullness, and increased sensitivity of skin in the extremities, reduced grasping power, reduced sexual desire, and increased rough skin. The endocrinological indicator--the concentration of glycosylated haemoglobin--was also increased in the workers exposed to CS2. CONCLUSIONS Subclinical effects on the nervous system and on glucose metabolism were found in the workers exposed to CS2. One interpretation is that relatively higher exposure to CS2 in the past may induce these, but the effects are still not entirely ameliorated under the current exposure to CS2. Another possibility is that the current exposure to CS2 may cause these positive findings. A follow up observation is necessary to clarify these questions.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Takebayashi
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan.
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46
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Tanaka S, Yamauchi T, Takebayashi T, Omae K, Seki Y. A simple method for carbon disulfide monitoring using a diffusive sampler, thermal desorption and a stain tube. Ind Health 1997; 35:474-479. [PMID: 9348719 DOI: 10.2486/indhealth.35.474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
A simple sampling and analytical method for monitoring carbon disulfide (CS2) vapor was investigated to assess exposure to low levels of CS2 in a viscose rayon factory. CS2 vapor was adsorbed on polymer beads (poly (2,6-diphenyl-p-phenylene oxide)) packed in a diffusive sampling tube. The sampling tube was heated at 180 degrees C for 7 min using a Daily Exposure Limit Test Apparatus, and thermally desorbed CS2 was measured by a stain tube for CS2. In laboratory experiments, the indicated CS2 levels measured by this method were highly correlated with calibrated CS2 concentrations (1-40 ppm), exposure duration (1-8 hr) and cumulative exposure levels. The CS2 values were stable up to 7 days after sampling when the diffusive tubes were stored at 4 degrees C and 20 degrees C. The effects of relative humidity, wind velocity and hydrogen sulfide on the measured values were negligible. In a field survey, 65 workers in a viscose rayon factory wore both the diffusive sampling tube and a commercially available 3M 3500 organic vapor monitor on their collar during their 8-hr work period. CS2 concentrations obtained by the two methods were comparable and the correlation coefficient was 0.931. This method proved to be useful in determining the concentrations of CS2 to which workers were exposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Tanaka
- Faculty of Hygienic Technology, School of Allied Health Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Japan
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47
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Abstract
We have studied the mechanosensitive afferent units in the lateral ligament of the ankle of the cat, with reference to the causes of lateral instability after injury, using electrophysiological recording from the lumbar dorsal rootlets. We identified 30 mechanosensitive units in the lateral ligament; 28 (93%) were located near the attachment to the fibula and calcaneus, which included both low-threshold group-II units and low- and high-threshold group-III units. Our results indicate that there are both proprioceptors and nociceptors in the lateral ligament of the cat ankle, and confirm that afferent fibres from the lateral ligament may contribute to the stability of the joint by regulation of position and movement.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. Takebayashi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sapporo Medical University, South 1, West 16, Chuo-ku, Sapporo 060, Japan
| | - T. Yamashita
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sapporo Medical University, South 1, West 16, Chuo-ku, Sapporo 060, Japan
| | - Y. Minaki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sapporo Medical University, South 1, West 16, Chuo-ku, Sapporo 060, Japan
| | - S. Ishii
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sapporo Medical University, South 1, West 16, Chuo-ku, Sapporo 060, Japan
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48
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Takebayashi T, Yamashita T, Minaki Y, Ishii S. Mechanosensitive afferent units in the lateral ligament of the ankle. J Bone Joint Surg Br 1997; 79:490-3. [PMID: 9180335 DOI: 10.1302/0301-620x.79b3.7285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
We have studied the mechanosensitive afferent units in the lateral ligament of the ankle of the cat, with reference to the causes of lateral instability after injury, using electrophysiological recording from the lumbar dorsal rootlets. We identified 30 mechanosensitive units in the lateral ligament; 28 (93%) were located near the attachment to the fibula and calcaneus, which included both low-threshold group-II units and low- and high-threshold group-III units. Our results indicate that there are both proprioceptors and nociceptors in the lateral ligament of the cat ankle, and confirm that afferent fibres from the lateral ligament may contribute to the stability of the joint by regulation of position and movement.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Takebayashi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sapporo Medical University, Chuo-ku, Japan
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49
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Fuji H, Kurasako N, Takebayashi T, Tanaka T, Sakano S, Kosogabe Y, Mano M, Nagase H. [Argatroban, a selective thrombin inhibitor, for anticoagulant therapy during and following vascular surgery]. Masui 1996; 45:1289-92. [PMID: 8937032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
We administered argatroban, a selective thrombin inhibitor, as an anti-coagulant during and following vascular surgery. Activated coagulation time was controlled easily by its continuous intravenous infusion. No abnormal bleeding tendency and thrombus formation in graft and blood vessel were observed. The activity of thrombin was inhibited under the infusion of argatroban. We conclude that argatroban is effective for anti-coagulant therapy during and following vascular surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Fuji
- Department of Anesthesia, Okayama Rosai Hospital
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50
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Satoh T, Omae K, Nakashima H, Takebayashi T, Matsumura H, Kawai T, Nakaza M, Sakurai H. Relationship between acetone exposure concentration and health effects in acetate fiber plant workers. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 1996; 68:147-53. [PMID: 8919841 DOI: 10.1007/bf00381623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
In order to clarify the effects of acetone (AC) exposure on health, a cross-sectional study was carried out in 110 male AC-exposed and 67 male nonexposed shift workers. The AC workers ranged in age from 18.7 to 56.8 years (mean: 37.6 years) and in length of AC exposure from 0.5 to 34.3 years (mean: 14.9 years). The nonexposed workers ranged in age from 20.7 to 57.5 years (mean: 41.9 years). AC exposure levels assessed by personal passive monitors and biological monitoring indices measured at the end of the workshift were 19.6-1018 ppm in the breathing zone (AC-E, mean: 364 ppm), 2.5-422 ppm in alveolar air (AC-A, mean: 97.3 ppm) 4-220 mg/l in blood (AC-B, mean 66.0 ppm), and 0.75-170 mg/l in urine (AC-U, mean: 37.8 mg/l). Symptoms at the end of the workshift with good exposure-response relationships were eye irritation, tearing, and acetone odor, and symptoms within the previous 6 months with good exposure-response relationships were heavy, vague, or faint feeling in the head, nausea, loss of weight, and slow healing of an external wound. In the 30-44 year age range, simple reaction time and digit span scores in a short computerized neuro-behavioral test battery were significantly lower in AC workers, but exposure-response relationships were not clear. Manifest Anxiety Scale scores, Self-rating Depression Scale scores, R-R interval variation on the ECG, hematological examinations, serum biochemistry examinations for liver function, and phagocytic activity of peripheral neutrophils did not show any AC-related differences between the two groups. In view of the reported findings, the current occupational exposure limit of 750 ppm recommended by many governmental and academic associations seems to be too high to prevent the health effects of AC observed in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Satoh
- Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Tokyo Women's Medical College, Japan
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