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Rogers TS, Gardner JA, Devitt KA. High-grade B-Cell lymphoma with MYC and BCL6 rearrangements associated with Richter transformation of chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Autops Case Rep 2019; 9:e2019090. [PMID: 31440479 PMCID: PMC6655851 DOI: 10.4322/acr.2019.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Richter transformation (RT), or Richter syndrome, is defined as the transformation of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) to an aggressive B-cell lymphoma. The vast majority, up to 99%, transform into diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), with a small subset (<1%) becoming classical Hodgkin lymphoma. Approximately half of RT cases progress through a pathway involving dysregulation of C-MYC. High-grade B-cell lymphoma (HGBL) is a recent diagnostic category of aggressive B-cell lymphomas set forth in the updated 2017 WHO Classification of Hematopoietic and Lymphoid Tissues. HGBL with MYC and BCL2 and/or BCL6 rearrangements, formerly “double-hit” and “triple-hit” lymphomas, comprise the majority of HGBL cases. Patients with HGBL have a worse prognosis than those with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. We present a case of RT with rearrangements of MYC and BCL6. To our knowledge, there are no reported cases of RT with a “double-hit” lymphoma genotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas S Rogers
- University of Vermont Medical Center, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine. Burlington, VT, USA.,University of Vermont, College of Medicine. Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Juli-Anne Gardner
- University of Vermont Medical Center, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine. Burlington, VT, USA.,University of Vermont, College of Medicine. Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Katherine A Devitt
- University of Vermont Medical Center, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine. Burlington, VT, USA.,University of Vermont, College of Medicine. Burlington, VT, USA
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2
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Rogers TS, Wilcox R, Harm SK. Design and Implementation of a Pathology-Specific Handoff Tool for Residents. Acad Pathol 2019; 6:2374289519839186. [PMID: 31058216 PMCID: PMC6452587 DOI: 10.1177/2374289519839186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Miscommunication is a source of clinical errors. Tools to decrease the risk of miscommunication (ie, patient handoff tools) are routinely used in clinical specialties that see patients but not routinely used in pathology residency programs. Our primary goal was to develop a structured handoff tool for pathology residents useful for both patient-specific communication and information about general laboratory operation with a secondary goal to increase resident confidence in on-call situations. The CATCH tool was developed and implemented in a pathology residency program with a pre- and postimplementation survey given to residents. The structured handoff tool for pathology residents provided consistent and timely communication between residents and attending physicians. Resident confidence with pathology on-call issues was more likely related to progression through the residency training program rather than implementation of a structured handoff tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas S Rogers
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont Medical Center, Burlington, VT, USA.,The Robert Larner MD College of Medicine at The University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Rebecca Wilcox
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont Medical Center, Burlington, VT, USA.,The Robert Larner MD College of Medicine at The University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Sarah K Harm
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont Medical Center, Burlington, VT, USA.,The Robert Larner MD College of Medicine at The University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
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3
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Rogers TS, McGevna L, Cook DL. Pediatric cutaneous T-cell post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder: Case report and review of the literature. J Cutan Pathol 2018; 45:858-863. [DOI: 10.1111/cup.13331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Revised: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas S. Rogers
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine; University of Vermont Medical Center; Burlington Vermont
- The Robert Larner MD College of Medicine; The University of Vermont; Burlington Vermont
| | - Laura McGevna
- The Robert Larner MD College of Medicine; The University of Vermont; Burlington Vermont
- Division of Dermatology; University of Vermont Medical Center; Burlington Vermont
| | - Deborah L. Cook
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine; University of Vermont Medical Center; Burlington Vermont
- The Robert Larner MD College of Medicine; The University of Vermont; Burlington Vermont
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4
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Rogers TS, Harrison S, Judd S, Orwoll ES, Marshall LM, Shannon J, Langsetmo L, Lane NE, Shikany JM. Dietary patterns and longitudinal change in hip bone mineral density among older men. Osteoporos Int 2018; 29:1135-1145. [PMID: 29450584 PMCID: PMC6842326 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-018-4388-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 01/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Studying dietary patterns is often more informative than individual nutrients or foods. We found that a Prudent dietary pattern (rich in vegetables and fish) was associated with reduced loss of total hip BMD in older men. A Prudent dietary pattern may be a potential lifestyle strategy for minimizing bone loss. INTRODUCTION This study aimed to identify baseline dietary patterns using factor analysis in a cohort of older men and to evaluate whether the dietary patterns were associated with bone mineral density change (%ΔBMD) at the total hip and femoral neck over time. METHODS Participants (n = 4379; mean age 72.9 ± 5.5 years) were from the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men (MrOS) prospective cohort study and had dietary data collected at baseline (March 2000-April 2002) and BMD measured at baseline and Visit 2 (March 2005-May 2006). Dietary intake was assessed with a brief Block food frequency questionnaire (FFQ); factor analysis was used to derive dietary patterns. BMD was measured by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA); %ΔBMD was calculated from baseline to Visit 2. We used generalized linear regression to estimate least square (LS) means of %ΔBMD in quartiles of the dietary pattern scores adjusted for potential confounding factors. RESULTS Two major dietary patterns were derived: Prudent (abundant in vegetables, salad, and non-fried fish) and Western (rich in hamburger, fries, processed meats, cheese, and sweets/desserts). There was an inverse association between adherence to the Prudent pattern and total hip %ΔBMD (p-trend = 0.028 after adjusting for age and clinical site; p-trend = 0.033 after further adjustment for smoking, calcium supplement use, diabetes, hypertension, and total energy intake). No other consistent associations between dietary patterns and %ΔBMD were observed. CONCLUSIONS Greater adherence to a Prudent dietary pattern may attenuate total hip BMD loss (%ΔBMD) in older men.
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Affiliation(s)
- T S Rogers
- Center for Musculoskeletal Health and Department of Internal Medicine, University of California - Davis Medical Center, 4625 2nd Avenue, Suite 2000, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA.
| | - S Harrison
- California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - S Judd
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - E S Orwoll
- Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - L M Marshall
- Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - J Shannon
- Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - L Langsetmo
- University of Minnesota Epidemiology and Community Health, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - N E Lane
- Center for Musculoskeletal Health and Department of Internal Medicine, University of California - Davis Medical Center, 4625 2nd Avenue, Suite 2000, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA
| | - J M Shikany
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
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Chiang HH, Wieland RS, Rogers TS, Gibson PC, Atweh G, McCormick G. Paraproteinemic keratopathy in monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance treated with primary keratoprosthesis: Case report, histopathologic findings, and world literature review. Medicine (Baltimore) 2017; 96:e8649. [PMID: 29390260 PMCID: PMC5815672 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000008649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE We report a case of paraproteinemic keratopathy associated with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance, treated with keratoprosthesis as a primary penetrating procedure. Histopathological findings and a world literature review are presented. PATIENT CONCERNS A 74 year old female recently diagnosed with monoclonal gammopathy undetermined significance presented with progressive blurry vision bilaterally. DIAGNOSES Examination revealed corneal opacities consistent with paraproteinemic keratopathy. INTERVENTIONS Corneal transplantation with the Boston Type I keratoprosthesis was performed on the right and, a year later, on the left. OUTCOMES Visual outcomes were good. Histopathological staining of host corneal buttons were consistent with monoclonality, and electron microscopy revealed fibrillar extracellular aggregates within intervening normal stroma. LESSONS Corneal deposits may be the only manifestation of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance in patients who are otherwise systemically asymptomatic. Ophthalmologists who encounter corneal opacities may order the appropriate diagnostic studies to determine the presence of occult systemic disease. Risk of graft failure after penetrating keratoplasty from recurring opacities is high, so keratoprosthesis as a primary penetrating procedure may afford superior long-term outcomes. Host corneal buttons retrieved from penetrating keratoplasty or corneal biopsy may be sent for histopathological examination to confirm the diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rebekah S. Wieland
- University of Vermont College of Medicine
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine
| | | | | | - George Atweh
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University of Vermont Medical Center
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Zeller MP, Barty R, Dunbar NM, Elahie A, Flanagan P, Garritsen H, Kutner JM, Pagano MB, Pogłód R, Rogers TS, Staves J, van Wordragen-Vlaswinkel M, Zwaginga JJ, Murphy MF, Heddle NM, Yazer MH. An international investigation into AB plasma administration in hospitals: how many AB plasma units were infused? The HABSWIN study. Transfusion 2017; 58:151-157. [DOI: 10.1111/trf.14368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2017] [Revised: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michelle P. Zeller
- McMaster Centre for Transfusion Research; McMaster University; Hamilton Ontario Canada
- Canadian Blood Services; Ancaster Ontario Canada
| | - Rebecca Barty
- McMaster Centre for Transfusion Research; McMaster University; Hamilton Ontario Canada
| | | | | | | | - Henk Garritsen
- Institute for Clinical Transfusion Medicine, Municipal Hospital Braunschweig; Braunschweig Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Surfaces Engineering and Thin Films IST; Braunschweig Germany
| | | | | | - Ryszard Pogłód
- Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine; Warsaw Poland
| | | | - Julie Staves
- Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Oxford UK
| | - Maria van Wordragen-Vlaswinkel
- Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion; Leiden University Medical Center and the Center for Clinical Transfusion Research, Sanquin Research-LUMC; Leiden the Netherlands
| | - Jaap Jan Zwaginga
- Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion; Leiden University Medical Center and the Center for Clinical Transfusion Research, Sanquin Research-LUMC; Leiden the Netherlands
| | | | - Nancy M. Heddle
- McMaster Centre for Transfusion Research; McMaster University; Hamilton Ontario Canada
| | - Mark H. Yazer
- University of Pittsburgh and the Institute for Transfusion Medicine; Pittsburgh Pennsylvania
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Rogers TS, Fung MK. Permanently removing AB red blood cells from inventory: a case for conserving scarce AB plasma. Transfusion 2017; 56:2901-2903. [PMID: 28211958 DOI: 10.1111/trf.13811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Revised: 06/24/2016] [Accepted: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas S Rogers
- University of Vermont Medical Center, Burlington, VT.,University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VT
| | - Mark K Fung
- University of Vermont Medical Center, Burlington, VT.,University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VT
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Yazer MH, Alcantara R, Beizai P, Draper NL, Harm SK, Kutner JM, Lin D, Poglod R, Rogers TS, Sørensen CH, Sprogøe U, Welbig J, Yuen J, Ziman A. The Crossmatch/Issue Ratio: Use of a Novel Quality Indicator and Results of an International Survey on RBC Crossmatching and Issuing Practices. Am J Clin Pathol 2016; 146:238-43. [PMID: 27473742 DOI: 10.1093/ajcp/aqw107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To understand the worldwide scope of RBC crossmatching and issuing practices and measure efficiency using a novel quality indicator, the crossmatch/issue (C/I) ratio. METHODS An electronic survey was disseminated to hospital transfusion services collecting details about RBC crossmatching and issuing practices. Respondents were asked to enumerate the number of RBCs crossmatched and issued at their institutions during the 2014 calendar year to calculate the C/I ratio. RESULTS Fifty-two survey responses were received, mostly from North American transfusion services (28/52, 54%). The electronic crossmatch was the most common technique (n = 29), and most respondents performed the crossmatch at the time that an order for RBCs was received in the transfusion service (even if an order to issue the RBCs was not received). Data to calculate the C/I ratio were supplied by 22 respondents, and the mean ± SD was 1.30 ± 0.34. There was no difference in C/I ratios between services that use the electronic or serologic crossmatch techniques (P = .49). The ratio was the same at the four sites that crossmatch RBCs at the time of issue compared with the time of order receipt (mean ± SD, 1.11 ± 0.09 vs. 1.35 ± 0.36, respectively; P = .19). CONCLUSIONS Electronic crossmatching is common, and the C/I ratio can be an indicator of efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark H Yazer
- From the University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA The Institute for Transfusion Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | | | - Pouneh Beizai
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA
| | | | - Sarah K Harm
- University of Vermont Medical Center, Burlington
| | - Jose M Kutner
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - David Lin
- Lin Shin Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Ryszard Poglod
- Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | | | - Ulrik Sprogøe
- Southern Danish Transfusion Service, Odense, Denmark
| | - Julie Welbig
- University of Minnesota Medical Center, Minneapolis
| | | | - Alyssa Ziman
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA
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9
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Rogers TS, Zubarik RS, Wilcox R. A Rare Neoplasm Presents as Incidental Dilatation of the Common Bile Duct. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2016; 14:A29-30. [PMID: 26386400 DOI: 10.1016/j.cgh.2015.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2015] [Revised: 09/09/2015] [Accepted: 09/10/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- T S Rogers
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont Medical Center, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Richard S Zubarik
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology Division, University of Vermont Medical Center, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Rebecca Wilcox
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont Medical Center, Burlington, Vermont
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10
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Abstract
The spectrum of adverse reactions to blood product transfusion ranges from a benign clinical course to serious morbidity and mortality. There have been many advances in technologies and transfusion strategies to decrease the risk of adverse reactions. Our aim is to address a few of the advancements in increasing the safety of the blood supply, specifically pathogen reduction technologies, bacterial contamination risk reduction, and transfusion associated acute lung injury risk mitigation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas S Rogers
- Blood Bank & Transfusion Medicine, University of Vermont Medical Center, Burlington, Vermont, 05401, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont, 05401, USA
| | - Mark K Fung
- Blood Bank & Transfusion Medicine, University of Vermont Medical Center, Burlington, Vermont, 05401, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont, 05401, USA
| | - Sarah K Harm
- Blood Bank & Transfusion Medicine, University of Vermont Medical Center, Burlington, Vermont, 05401, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont, 05401, USA
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11
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Meng G, Sellers MT, Mosteller-Barnum M, Rogers TS, Shaw GM, Smith PD. Lamina propria lymphocytes, not macrophages, express CCR5 and CXCR4 and are the likely target cell for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in the intestinal mucosa. J Infect Dis 2000; 182:785-91. [PMID: 10950772 DOI: 10.1086/315790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2000] [Revised: 06/09/2000] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Most human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infections are acquired via mucosal surfaces, and transmitted viruses are nearly always macrophage-tropic, suggesting that mucosal macrophages participate in early HIV-1 infection. Mucosal lymphocytes isolated from normal human intestine expressed CD4 (14,530+/-7970 antibody-binding sites [ABSs]/cell), CCR5 (2730+/-1524 ABSs/cell), and CXCR4 (2507+/-1840 ABSs/cell), but intestinal macrophages, which also expressed CD4 (2959+/-2695 ABSs/cell), displayed no detectable CCR5 or CXCR4 ABS. The absence of CCR5 on intestinal macrophages was not due to expression of the Delta32 deletion allele because matched-blood monocytes expressed CCR5. CCR5(+)CXCR4(+) intestinal lymphocytes supported both R5 (BaL) and X4 (IIIB) HIV-1 replication, whereas the CCR5(-)CXCR4(-) macrophages were not permissive to either isolate or other laboratory isolates (ADA and DJV) and primary isolates (MDR 24 and JOEL). In the intestinal mucosa, lymphocytes, not macrophages, are the likely target cell for R5 (and X4) HIV-1 and are the major source of HIV-1 production during early infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Meng
- Department of Medicine (Gastroenterology), University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
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12
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Smith PD, Meng G, Sellers MT, Rogers TS, Shaw GM. Biological parameters of HIV-1 infection in primary intestinal lymphocytes and macrophages. J Leukoc Biol 2000; 68:360-5. [PMID: 10985252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Mucosal surfaces are the portal of entry for most HIV-1 infections and play an important role in disease pathogenesis. To characterize the biological parameters of HIV-1 infection in mucosal cells, we used purified lamina propria lymphocytes and macrophages from normal human small intestine to determine the distribution of the HIV-1 receptor and coreceptors on intestinal mononuclear cells and the permissiveness of these cells to HIV-1 infection. Lamina propria lymphocytes expressed CD4, CCR5, and CXCR4. In contrast, lamina propria macrophages expressed CD4 but not CCR5 or CXCR4. Intestinal lymphocytes supported replication by R5 and X4 isolates of HIV-1, but lamina propria macrophages were permissive to neither. RANTES, macrophage inflammatory protein-1alpha (MIP-1alpha), and MIP-1beta inhibited infection of intestinal lymphocytes by BaL, indicating that R5 infection of the intestinal lymphocytes was mediated by CCR5. Thus, resident lamina propria lymphocytes, not macrophages, are the target mononuclear cell for HIV-1 infection in the intestinal mucosa during early HIV-1 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- P D Smith
- Department of Medicine (Gastroenterology), University of Alabama at Birmingham, 35294, USA
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13
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Shealy YF, Frye JL, Hill DL, Sani BP, Rogers TS, Riordan JM, Krauth CA, Lin TH, Eto I, Grubbs CJ. Retinyl substituted-benzyl ethers. Inhibition of mammary carcinogenesis by retinyl 3,4,5-trimethoxybenzyl ether (RTMBE). Anticancer Drug Des 1998; 13:159-82. [PMID: 9595031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Recently, we reported that retinyl 2-propynyl ether (RPE) inhibits MNU-induced mammary cancer in rats and is less toxic than RME and retinyl acetate. The preparation and biological investigations of retinyl ethers have now been extended to retinyl substituted-benzyl ethers, some of which bind to cellular retinol-binding protein. In long-term (160-180 days) experiments, retinyl 3,4,5-trimethoxybenzyl ether (RTMBE) has been shown to be active against MNU-induced mammary cancer in Sprague-Dawley rats. In effectiveness, RTMBE is comparable, at least, to retinyl acetate; but, unlike retinyl acetate, RTMBE is comparatively non-toxic to rats and mice, is not converted enzymatically to retinol, and does not cause significant increases in retinyl palmitate concentrations in the liver. RTMBE reaches high concentrations in mammary tissue. Two of the four RTMBE congeners that were evaluated in 90 day studies were moderately effective in inhibiting mammary carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y F Shealy
- Southern Research Institute, Birmingham, AL 35255, USA
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Abstract
General nurses, psychiatric nurses and lay people were investigated to identify differences between their personal standards concerning how they should respond, and beliefs about how they actually would respond, towards the target group, 'people with schizophrenia', in each of three response domains (thinking, feeling and behaving). Significant differences were identified between the response types and between the different response domains. Significant interaction effects were also identified based on participants professional status in nursing. It is argued that the results support Devine's (1989) theory concerning the automatic activation of stereotypes and their controlled inhibition in favour of different personal beliefs. It is also argued that professional specialization in psychiatric nursing facilitates this process in relation to the target group.
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Affiliation(s)
- T S Rogers
- School of Nursing, LaTrobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
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15
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O'Callaghan JP, Rogers TS, Rodman LE, Page JG. Acute and chronic administration of ibogaine to the rat results in astrogliosis that is not confined to the cerebellar vermis. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1996; 801:205-16. [PMID: 8959035 DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1996.tb17443.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Acute administration of high doses of ibogaine (IBG) to the male rat results in degeneration of Purkinje cells and reactive gliosis in the cerebellar vermis. We examined whether acute and chronic administration of IBG to male and female rats results in gliosis as determined by quantification of the astroglial intermediate filament protein, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). After acute administration of IBG, rats of both sexes showed dose-related increases in GFAP that were not confined to the cerebellar vermis. After chronic administration of IBG, female, but not male rats, showed large (as much as 200% of control), dose-related increases in GFAP in hippocampus, olfactory bulbs, brain stem and striatum, but not cerebellum. In hippocampus, the cytoskeletal proteins, neurofilament 68 (NF-68) and beta-tubulin were increased in females treated chronically with IBG, findings consistent with a damage-induced sprouting response. Together, the data indicate that IBG damages areas of the brain outside the cerebellum and that the sites damaged are dependent on sex and dosage regimen.
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Affiliation(s)
- J P O'Callaghan
- Neurotoxicology Division, National Health and Environmental Effects, Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA
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16
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Lin TH, Rogers TS, Hill DL, Simpson-Herren L, Farnell DR, Kochhar DM, Alam M, Brouillette WJ, Muccio DD. Murine toxicology and pharmacology of UAB-8, a conformationally constrained analog of retinoic acid. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 1996; 139:310-6. [PMID: 8806847 DOI: 10.1006/taap.1996.0170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
(2E, 4E, 6E)-8-[3'-Ethyl-2'-(1-methylethyl)-2'-cyclohexen-1'-ylidene] -3, 7-dimethyl-2,4,6-octatrienoic acid (UAB-8) has potent activity in preventing papillomas on the skin of mice similar to that determined in a previous study for the homolog containing one less carbon atom. To evaluate the toxicological profile for UAB-8, relative to all-trans-retinoic acid (RA), female mice were dosed by oral gavage for 29 days with amounts of 0.05, 0.1, or 0.2 mmol/kg/day. For the two compounds, the effects on body weights were similar. Mice dosed with UAB-8, however, had a lower incidence of clinical signs of toxicity (alopecia, scaly skin, and limping). At necropsy, bone fractures, skin abnormalities, and splenomegaly were observed in some mice dosed with RA but not in any dosed with UAB-8. Lymph node hyperplasia was noted in some mice dosed with either dose of RA but only in those dosed with the highest dose of UAB-8. All dose levels of RA produced microscopic lesions in the bones of mice; only the highest dose of UAB-8 had this effect. RA and UAB-8 had similar effects on chondrogenesis in cultures of cells from mouse limb buds, an indication of comparable teratogenic effects. For mice dosed i.v. (10 mg/kg), there was a saturated phase of elimination of RA from plasma (Km = 0.61 microgram/ml and Vmax = 2572 micrograms/hr); no such phase was noted when UAB-8 was administered. UAB-8 had values for t1/2 alpha and t1/2 beta of 0.47 and 17.1 hr, respectively. Relative to RA, UAB-8 has a favorable toxicological profile and different pharmacokinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- T H Lin
- Southern Research Institute, Birmingham, Alabama 35255, USA
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Vaezi MF, Alam M, Sani BP, Rogers TS, Simpson-Herren L, Wille JJ, Hill DL, Doran TI, Brouillette WJ, Muccio DD. A conformationally defined 6-s-trans-retinoic acid isomer: synthesis, chemopreventive activity, and toxicity. J Med Chem 1994; 37:4499-507. [PMID: 7799400 DOI: 10.1021/jm00052a009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
A conformationally defined retinoic acid analog (1) which contains a dimethylene bridge to maintain the 6-s-trans orientation for two terminal double bonds in the polyene chain was synthesized. A Reformatsky reaction was utilized to extend the polyene chain of the starting enone, which provided exclusively the 9Z-configuration for the intermediate aldehyde. A Horners-Emmons condensation with this aldehyde then produced retinoic acid analogs with both 9Z- and 9Z,13Z-configurations. An I2-catalyzed isomerization of the intermediate 9Z-aldehyde yielded the all-E-aldehyde, which was olefinated as above to yield the (all-E)- and (13Z)-retinoic acid analogs of 1. Each configurational isomer of 1 was evaluated for its ability to inhibit the binding of retinoic acid to CRABP (chick skin) and to inhibit the chemical induction of ornithine decarboxylase in mouse skin. In each assay (all-E)-1 was the most active isomer, and this activity was comparable to or better than that for (all-E)-retinoic acid. (all-E)-1 and (13Z)-1 were both shown to be equally effective as (13Z)-retinoic acid in suppressing the proliferation of human sebaceous cells in vitro. (all-E)-1 was further evaluated for its ability to prevent the induction of mouse skin papillomas and to induce signs of vitamin A toxicity in mice. The cancer chemopreventive activity of (all-E)-1 was comparable to that of (all-E)-retinoic acid, and the toxicity was comparable to or slightly better than that of the natural vitamin.
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Affiliation(s)
- M F Vaezi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham 35294
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Abstract
The introduction of substituents at position 3 of methyl 4-oxoretinoate can be effected in good yields by alkylating the lithium dienolate. A second substituent can be introduced also, but the resulting 3,3-disubstituted-4-oxoretinoates were isolated in lower yields. Evidence was obtained for a slower rate of alkylation at the alpha-position (carbon 14) of the ester group. Some of these 4-oxoretinoic acid analogues showed high activity in assays in vivo for the inhibition of ornithine decarboxylase activity and carcinogen-induced papillomas in mouse skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y F Shealy
- Southern Research Institute, Birmingham, Alabama 35255-5305
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Rogers TS, Corey SJ, Rosoff PM. Identification of a 43-kilodalton human T lymphocyte membrane protein as a receptor for pertussis toxin. J Immunol 1990; 145:678-83. [PMID: 2164067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Pertussis toxin (PTx), an exotoxin of Bordetella pertussis has been used as a molecular probe to study stimulus-response coupling in a wide variety of cells. We have previously shown that PTx activates the same signal transduction pathways as Ag or mAb directed against the CD3-T cell Ag receptor complex in human T cells. Because the EC50 for mitogenic stimulation by PTx was 1.7 nM, we suspected that the toxin was specifically interacting with a membrane protein or receptor. We have used both chemical cross-linking and Western blotting techniques to demonstrate that PTx shows specific binding to a 43 kDa-membrane protein on cells that respond to PTx by rapid second messenger production. The PTx receptor can be detected in both the E6-1 Jurkat cell line and a CD3-TCR-negative Jurkat line, demonstrating that it is not coordinately expressed with the Ag receptor complex. The 43 kDa-protein is also found in the HPB-ALL human T cell line and PBL, but not in a murine T cell hybridoma or human neutrophils, both of which are unresponsive to PTx activation. These data suggest that the biochemical basis for the mitogenic activity of PTx may lie in its binding to a specific membrane receptor that is capable of transmitting an activation signal.
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Affiliation(s)
- T S Rogers
- Department of Pediatrics Hematology-Oncology, New England Medical Center, Boston, MA
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Rogers TS, Corey SJ, Rosoff PM. Identification of a 43-kilodalton human T lymphocyte membrane protein as a receptor for pertussis toxin. The Journal of Immunology 1990. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.145.2.678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Pertussis toxin (PTx), an exotoxin of Bordetella pertussis has been used as a molecular probe to study stimulus-response coupling in a wide variety of cells. We have previously shown that PTx activates the same signal transduction pathways as Ag or mAb directed against the CD3-T cell Ag receptor complex in human T cells. Because the EC50 for mitogenic stimulation by PTx was 1.7 nM, we suspected that the toxin was specifically interacting with a membrane protein or receptor. We have used both chemical cross-linking and Western blotting techniques to demonstrate that PTx shows specific binding to a 43 kDa-membrane protein on cells that respond to PTx by rapid second messenger production. The PTx receptor can be detected in both the E6-1 Jurkat cell line and a CD3-TCR-negative Jurkat line, demonstrating that it is not coordinately expressed with the Ag receptor complex. The 43 kDa-protein is also found in the HPB-ALL human T cell line and PBL, but not in a murine T cell hybridoma or human neutrophils, both of which are unresponsive to PTx activation. These data suggest that the biochemical basis for the mitogenic activity of PTx may lie in its binding to a specific membrane receptor that is capable of transmitting an activation signal.
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Affiliation(s)
- T S Rogers
- Department of Pediatrics Hematology-Oncology, New England Medical Center, Boston, MA
| | - S J Corey
- Department of Pediatrics Hematology-Oncology, New England Medical Center, Boston, MA
| | - P M Rosoff
- Department of Pediatrics Hematology-Oncology, New England Medical Center, Boston, MA
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Rogers TS, Halushka PV, Wise WC, Cook JA. Arachidonic acid turnover in peritoneal macrophages is altered in endotoxin-tolerant rats. Biochim Biophys Acta 1989; 1001:169-75. [PMID: 2492824 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2760(89)90144-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Peritoneal macrophages from endotoxin-tolerant rats have been found to exhibit depressed metabolism of arachidonic acid (AA) to prostaglandins and thromboxane in response to endotoxin. The effect of endotoxin tolerance on AA turnover in peritoneal macrophages was investigated by measuring [14C]AA incorporation and release from membrane phospholipids. Endotoxin tolerance did not affect the amount of [14C]AA incorporated into macrophages (30 min-24 h). However, the temporal incorporation of [14C]AA into individual phospholipid pools (15 min-24 h) was altered. In endotoxin-tolerant macrophages, [14C]AA incorporation into phosphatidylcholine (PC) (2, 4, 24 h) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) (8 h) was increased, while the incorporation into phosphatidylserine (PS) (2-24 h) was reduced (P less than 0.005) compared to control macrophages. There was no change in [14C]AA incorporation into phosphatidylinositol (PI). Following 2 or 24 h of incorporation of [14C]AA, macrophages were incubated (3 h) with endotoxin (50 micrograms/ml) or A23187 (1 microM), and [14C]AA release was measured. Endotoxin-tolerant macrophages released decreased (P less than 0.05) amounts of [14C]AA in response to both endotoxin and the calcium ionophore A23187 compared to controls. Control macrophages in response to endotoxin released [14C]AA from PC, PI and PE. In contrast, tolerant cells released [14C]AA only from PC (P less than 0.05). A23187 released [14C]AA from all four pools in the control cells, but only from PC and PE in the tolerant cells. These data demonstrate that endotoxin tolerance alters the uptake and release of AA from specific macrophage phospholipid pools. These results suggest that changes in AA turnover and/or storage are associated with endotoxin tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- T S Rogers
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston 29425
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Endres S, Ghorbani R, Kelley VE, Georgilis K, Lonnemann G, van der Meer JW, Cannon JG, Rogers TS, Klempner MS, Weber PC. The effect of dietary supplementation with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on the synthesis of interleukin-1 and tumor necrosis factor by mononuclear cells. N Engl J Med 1989; 320:265-71. [PMID: 2783477 DOI: 10.1056/nejm198902023200501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1348] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
We examined whether the synthesis of interleukin-1 or tumor necrosis factor, two cytokines with potent inflammatory activities, is influenced by dietary supplementation with n-3 fatty acids. Nine healthy volunteers added 18 g of fish-oil concentrate per day to their normal Western diet for six weeks. We used a radioimmunoassay to measure interleukin-1 (IL-1 beta and IL-1 alpha) and tumor necrosis factor produced in vitro by stimulated peripheral-blood mononuclear cells. With endotoxin as a stimulus, the synthesis of IL-1 beta was suppressed from 7.4 +/- 0.9 ng per milliliter at base line to 4.2 +/- 0.5 ng per milliliter after six weeks of supplementation (43 percent decrease; P = 0.048). Ten weeks after the end of n-3 supplementation, we observed a further decrease to 2.9 +/- 0.5 ng per milliliter (61 percent decrease; P = 0.005). The production of IL-1 alpha and tumor necrosis factor responded in a similar manner. Twenty weeks after the end of supplementation, the production of IL-1 beta, IL-1 alpha, and tumor necrosis factor had returned to the presupplement level. The decreased production of interleukin-1 and tumor necrosis factor was accompanied by a decreased ratio of arachidonic acid to eicosapentaenoic acid in the membrane phospholipids of mononuclear cells. We conclude that the synthesis of IL-1 beta, IL-1 alpha, and tumor necrosis factor can be suppressed by dietary supplementation with long-chain n-3 fatty acids. The reported antiinflammatory effect of these n-3 fatty acids may be mediated in part by their inhibitory effect on the production of interleukin-1 and tumor necrosis factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Endres
- Department of Medicine, New England Medical Center Hospital, Boston, MA
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Rogers TS. Setting up a successful courier service. MLO Med Lab Obs 1988; 20:59-66. [PMID: 10286479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
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Rogers TS, Elzinga L, Bennett WM, Kelley VE. Selective enhancement of thromboxane in macrophages and kidneys in cyclosporine-induced nephrotoxicity. Dietary protection by fish oil. Transplantation 1988; 45:153-6. [PMID: 3422115 DOI: 10.1097/00007890-198801000-00033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Cyclosporine (CsA) associated renal dysfunction is related in part to renal vasoconstriction. To identify the role of cyclooxygenase metabolites in the induction of vasoconstriction, we analyzed the effect of CsA on the synthesis of thromboxane (TxA2) prostacyclin (PGI2) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in the kidney and peritoneal macrophages. Groups of rats were pair-fed diets enriched with 20% fish oil (FO) or corn oil (CO) for 4 weeks and then were injected with CsA 12.5 mg/kg/day i.p. for 2 weeks. CsA induced the synthesis of TxA2 and modestly reduced PGE2 and PGI2 in renal cortex and peritoneal macrophages. Feeding rats a diet enriched in FO containing omega-3 fatty acids as compared with CO without these fatty acids suppressed the increase in TxA2 and decreased the vasodilators PGE2 and PGI2 in the kidney and peritoneal macrophages, while modifying the decrease in the glomerular filtration rate and vacuolization in proximal convoluted tubules characteristic of rodent CsA-associated nephrotoxicity. Thus, CsA-initiated renal vasoconstriction is related to an increase in the vasoconstrictive Tx molecule and the reduction in vasodilator metabolites. Intrarenal macrophages represent a likely source of this Tx production. Feeding rats diets containing omega-3 fatty acids, known to be competitive inhibitors of cyclooxygenase metabolites, prevents CsA from selectively increasing TxA2 and preserves renal function.
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Affiliation(s)
- T S Rogers
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115
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Rogers TS, Halushka PV, Wise WC, Cook JA. Differential alteration of lipoxygenase and cyclooxygenase metabolism by rat peritoneal macrophages induced by endotoxin tolerance. Prostaglandins 1986; 31:639-50. [PMID: 3088676 DOI: 10.1016/0090-6980(86)90171-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Altered macrophage arachidonic acid metabolism may play a role in endotoxic shock and the phenomenon of endotoxin tolerance induced by repeated injections of endotoxin. Studies were initiated to characterize both lipoxygenase and cyclooxygenase metabolite formation by endotoxin tolerant and non-tolerant macrophages in response to 4 different stimuli, i.e. endotoxin, glucan, zymosan, and the calcium ionophore A23187. In contrast to previous reports of decreased prostaglandin synthesis by tolerant macrophages, A23187-stimulated immunoreactive (i) leukotriene (LT)C4/D4 and prostaglandin (PG)E2 production by tolerant cells was greater than that by non-tolerant controls (p less than 0.001). However, A23187-stimulated i-6-keto-PGF1 alpha levels were lower in tolerant macrophages compared to controls. Stimulation of prostaglandin and thromboxane (Tx)B2 synthesis by endotoxin or glucan was significantly less in tolerant macrophages compared to controls (p less than 0.05). iLTC4/D4 production was not significantly stimulated by endotoxin or glucan, but was stimulated by zymosan in the non-tolerant cells. Synthesis of iLTB4 by control macrophages was stimulated by endotoxin (p less than 0.01). These results demonstrate that arachidonic acid metabolism via the lipoxygenase and cyclooxygenase pathways in macrophages is differentially altered by endotoxin tolerance.
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Rogers TS, Smith EF, Wise WC, Halushka PV, Cook JA. Interaction of eicosanoids and macrophages during inflammatory responses. Surv Immunol Res 1984; 3:161-4. [PMID: 6718845 DOI: 10.1007/bf02918784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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