1
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Spencer KL, Wheatland JA, Carr SJ, Manning AJ, Bushby AJ, Gu C, Botto L, Lawrence T. Quantification of 3-dimensional structure and properties of flocculated natural suspended sediment. Water Res 2022; 222:118835. [PMID: 35914497 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.118835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Natural sediment flocs are fragile and highly heterogeneous aggregates of biogenic and minerogenic material typically with high porosity and low density. In aquatic environments dominated by fine, cohesive or mixed sediments they can dominate suspended sediment flux. Consequently, monitoring and modelling the behaviour, transport and distribution of flocs is very important for many aquatic industries, maintenance of waterways and conservation and management of aquatic waterbodies. Mathematical models that predict the behaviour of flocs rely on the accurate assessments of the size, shape, density, porosity and fractal dimension of flocs. These inherently 3-dimensional (3D) characteristics are typically derived from 2-dimensional (2D) data, largely due to the challenges associated with sampling, capturing, imaging and quantifying these fragile aggregates. We have developed new volumetric microscopy techniques which can quantify 3D internal and external structures and characteristics of sediment flocs. Here, these techniques were applied to quantify the 3D size (volume), shape and fractal dimension of natural and artificial sediment flocs and compare them to standard 2D approaches. Our study demonstrates that 2D approaches are under-estimating shape complexity and over-estimating the size and mass settling flux of flocs by up to two orders of magnitude, and the discrepancy between 2D and 3D is most marked for natural, organic rich macroflocs. Our study has significant implications for estimations of sediment flux at local to global scales within in aquatic environments. These new data and approaches offer the potential to improve the current parameterisation of sediment transport models and to improve the accuracy of current field-monitoring techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- K L Spencer
- School of Geography, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, UK.
| | - J A Wheatland
- School of Geography, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, UK; River Restoration Centre, St Albans, UK
| | - S J Carr
- School of Geography, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, UK; Institute of Science and Environment, University of Cumbria, Ambleside, Cumbria LA22 9BB, UK
| | - A J Manning
- HR Wallingford, Howbery Park, Wallingford, Oxfordshire OX10 8BA, UK
| | - A J Bushby
- School of Geography, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, UK
| | - C Gu
- School of Geography, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, UK
| | - L Botto
- School of Geography, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, UK; Department of Process and Energy, Delft University of Technology, Delft 2628 CB, the Netherlands
| | - T Lawrence
- School of Geography, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, UK
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2
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Bandino F, Thota R, Pendolino AL, Chaidas K, Jeyaretna S, Lawrence T, Martinez-Devesa P, Qureishi A. A surgical protocol for sinogenic brain abscess: the Oxford experience and a review of the literature. Rhinology 2022; 60:357-367. [PMID: 35726849 DOI: 10.4193/rhin22.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rhinosinusitis-induced brain abscesses are rare but can result in devastating long-term sequalae and mortality; they require a high index of suspicion with early imaging to start early empiric parenteral antibiotic treatment covering aerobes and anaerobes. METHODOLOGY Our study was a retrospective analysis on 32 patients who were treated at Oxford University Hospitals for rhinosinusitis-induced brain abscess between February 2013 and June 2020. RESULTS Mean age of presentation was 45.83 for adults and 11.14 for children. Subdural collection was the most frequent abscess but 25% of patients had multiple sites of collection; the majority were in the frontal lobe. The most commonly identified pathogens were Streptococcus milleri group and Staphylococcus aureus; 93.75% of the patients were treated with combined Ceftriaxone and Metronidazole for an average of 8 weeks. CONCLUSIONS In our series most patients received also a prompt and aggressive surgical treatment with combined neurosurgical and ENT procedures in the majority; this was especially important in case of subdural empyema, Streptococcus milleri infection and direct intracranial spread of infection. More than half of the patients were treated with a single surgical procedure. Despite aggressive treatment, one third of patients experienced long-term neurological sequelae; there were no deaths.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Bandino
- ENT Department, Oxford University Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - R Thota
- ENT Department, Oxford University Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | | | - K Chaidas
- ENT Department, Oxford University Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - S Jeyaretna
- Neurosurgical Department, Oxford University Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - T Lawrence
- Neurosurgical Department, Oxford University Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | | | - A Qureishi
- ENT Department, Oxford University Hospital, Oxford, UK
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Mladenov N, Dodder NG, Steinberg L, Richardot W, Johnson J, Martincigh BS, Buckley C, Lawrence T, Hoh E. Persistence and removal of trace organic compounds in centralized and decentralized wastewater treatment systems. Chemosphere 2022; 286:131621. [PMID: 34325254 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The persistence of trace organic chemicals in treated effluent derived from both centralized wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) and decentralized wastewater treatment systems (DEWATS) is of concern due to their potential impacts on human and ecosystem health. Here, we utilize non-targeted analysis (NTA) with comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography coupled with time of flight mass spectrometry (GC × GC/TOF-MS) to conduct an evaluation of the common persistent and removed compounds found in two centralized WWTPs in the USA and South Africa and one DEWATS in South Africa. Overall, removal efficiencies of chemicals were similar between the treatment plants when they were compared according to the number of chemical features detected in the influents and effluents of each treatment plant. However, the DEWATS treatment train, which has longer solids retention and hydraulic residence times than both of the centralized WWTPs and utilizes primarily anaerobic treatment processes, was able to remove 13 additional compounds and showed a greater decrease in normalized peak areas compared to the centralized WWTPs. Of the 111 common compounds tentatively identified in all three influents, 11 compounds were persistent in all replicates, including 5 compounds not previously reported in effluents of WWTPs or water reuse systems. There were no significant differences among the physico-chemical properties of persistent and removed compounds, but significant differences were observed among some of the molecular descriptors. These results have important implications for the treatment of trace organic chemicals in centralized and decentralized WWTPs and the monitoring of new compounds in WWTP effluent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Mladenov
- Department of Civil, Construction, and Environmental Engineering, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, 92182, USA.
| | - Nathan G Dodder
- School of Public Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, 92182, USA; San Diego State University Research Foundation, San Diego, CA, 92182, USA
| | - Lauren Steinberg
- Department of Civil, Construction, and Environmental Engineering, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, 92182, USA
| | - William Richardot
- San Diego State University Research Foundation, San Diego, CA, 92182, USA
| | - Jade Johnson
- School of Public Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, 92182, USA
| | - Bice S Martincigh
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Private Bag X54001, Durban, 4000, South Africa
| | - Chris Buckley
- Water, Sanitation & Hygiene Research & Development Centre, School of Engineering, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 4041, South Africa
| | - Tolulope Lawrence
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Private Bag X54001, Durban, 4000, South Africa
| | - Eunha Hoh
- School of Public Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, 92182, USA
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Haslam NR, Bouamra O, Lawrence T, Moran CG, Lockey DJ. Time to definitive care within major trauma networks in England. BJS Open 2020; 4:963-969. [PMID: 32644299 PMCID: PMC7528529 DOI: 10.1002/bjs5.50316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Significant mortality improvements have been reported following the implementation of English trauma networks. Timely transfer of seriously injured patients to definitive care is a key indicator of trauma network performance. This study evaluated timelines from emergency service (EMS) activation to definitive care between 2013 and 2016. METHODS An observational study was conducted on data collected from the UK national clinical audit of major trauma care of patients with an Injury Severity Score above 15. Outcomes included time from EMS activation to: arrival at a trauma unit (TU) or major trauma centre (MTC); to CT; to urgent surgery; and to death. RESULTS Secondary transfer was associated with increased time to urgent surgery (median 7·23 (i.q.r. 5·48-9·28) h versus 4·37 (3·00-6·57) h for direct transfer to MTC; P < 0·001) and an increased crude mortality rate (19·6 (95 per cent c.i. 16·9 to 22·3) versus 15·7 (14·7 to 16·7) per cent respectively). CT and urgent surgery were performed more quickly in MTCs than in TUs (2·00 (i.q.r. 1·55-2·73) versus 3·15 (2·17-4·63) h and 4·37 (3·00-6·57) versus 5·37 (3·50-7·65) h respectively; P < 0·001). Transfer time and time to CT increased between 2013 and 2016 (P < 0·001). Transfer time, time to CT, and time to urgent surgery varied significantly between regional networks (P < 0·001). CONCLUSION Secondary transfer was associated with significantly delayed imaging, delayed surgery, and increased mortality. Key interventions were performed more quickly in MTCs than in TUs.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. R. Haslam
- Barts and The London School of Anaesthesia, Barts Health NHS TrustLondonUK
| | - O. Bouamra
- Trauma Research and Audit NetworkUniversity of ManchesterSalfordUK
| | - T. Lawrence
- Trauma Research and Audit NetworkUniversity of ManchesterSalfordUK
| | - C. G. Moran
- Trauma and Orthopaedic SurgeryQueen's Medical CentreNottinghamUK
| | - D. J. Lockey
- Centre for Trauma Sciences, Blizard InstituteQueen Mary University of LondonLondonUK
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Argay IM, Lawrence T, Afors K, Centini G, Lazzeri L, Habib N, Amoruso N, Zupi E, Campo R, Wattiez A. 1 vs 3 days laparoscopic suturing courses: is it feasible to design a valid training curriculum? Facts Views Vis Obgyn 2020; 12:163-168. [PMID: 33123691 PMCID: PMC7580269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Laparoscopic skills are unlikely to be achieved exclusively in the operating theatre, so simulation training has become mandatory to acquire specific psychomotor skills to be merged in a more complex procedure. OBJECTIVE To compare 3-day vs. 1-day laparoscopic suturing courses and to better address participants' needs according to their level of experience. METHODS Observational cohort study conducted between January 2017 and December 2018 including 107 participants amongst which 61 attended a 3-day and 46 the 1-day suturing course. RESULTS Data analysis showed no significant difference in the pre-test suturing scores between the two groups. On each course, when comparing the pre- and post-tests results, the participants reached a statistically significant improvement in both precision and knotting score (p< 0.01). However, when comparing the two types of courses, the data showed a better performance in the post-session test for those attending the 3-day course (p<0.05), as well as a higher mean score improvement (4.7 vs. 2.8; p<0.05) and time needed to complete exercises (-270s vs. -150s; p<0.05). Furthermore, grouping the participants according to their experience, the experts achieved a significantly better improvement attending the 3-day course, when compared to the beginners. CONCLUSIONS Both 3 and 1-day course are successful in improving laparoscopic suturing skills regardless of the participant's experience. However experienced participants benefit more from a longer course while the 1-day one should be dedicated to pre-surgical competences acquisition.
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Affiliation(s)
- IM Argay
- University of Debrecen Clinical Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, H-4032 Debrecen, Nagyerdei Krt. 98, Hungary
| | - T Lawrence
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Whittington Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - K Afors
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Whittington Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - G Centini
- Department of Molecular and Developmental medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - L Lazzeri
- Department of Molecular and Developmental medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - N Habib
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology Service, Beaujon Teaching Hospital, Clichy and Paris Diderot University, Clichy, France
| | - N Amoruso
- Department of Molecular and Developmental medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - E Zupi
- Department of Molecular and Developmental medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - R Campo
- Life Expert Centre, Tiensevest 168, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - A Wattiez
- Latifa Hospital, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
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7
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Jones T, Francis F, Herrick R, McEvers T, Lawrence T. PSV-2 Comparison of carcass characteristics between cull Holstein and Jersey cows. J Anim Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/jas/sky404.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- T Jones
- West Texas A&M University,Canyon, TX, United States
| | - F Francis
- Beef Research Center/West Texas A&M University,Canyon, TX, United States
| | - R Herrick
- Beef Carcass Research Center/West Texas A&M University,College Station, TX, United States
| | - T McEvers
- Dean Cluck Feedyard,Gruver, TX, United States
| | - T Lawrence
- Beef Carcass Research Center/West Texas A&M University,Canyon, TX, United States
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8
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Sperber J, Lust D, Hawkins D, McEvers T, Lawrence T. PSVII-4 Live and carcass production traits for progeny of purebred sires in comparison with progeny of a Prime Yield Grade one carcass clone. J Anim Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/jas/sky404.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- J Sperber
- West Texas A&M University,Canyon, TX, United States
| | - D Lust
- West Texas A&M University,Canyon, TX, United States
| | - D Hawkins
- West Texas A&M University,Canyon, TX, United States
| | - T McEvers
- Dean Cluck Feedyard,Gruver, TX, United States
| | - T Lawrence
- Beef Carcass Research Center/West Texas A&M University,College Station, TX, United States
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9
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Herrick R, McEvers T, Maxwell C, Lawrence T. 482 Association of cattle nutritional and management conditions to liver abscess incidence. J Anim Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/jas/sky404.590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- R Herrick
- Beef Carcass Research Center/West Texas A&M University,Canyon, TX, United States
| | - T McEvers
- Dean Cluck Feedyard,Canyon, TX, United States
| | - C Maxwell
- Elanco Animal Health,Canyon, Texas, United States
| | - T Lawrence
- Beef Carcass Research Center/West Texas A&M University,Canyon, TX, United States
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10
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Herrick R, Rogers C, Jones T, McEvers T, Brown T, Maxwell C, Lawrence T. 481 Association of liver abscess presence and severity with trim loss, harvest yield, carcass grading performance, lung lesions, and value of fed Holsteins. J Anim Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/jas/sky404.589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- R Herrick
- Beef Carcass Research Center/West Texas A&M University,Canyon, TX, United States
| | - C Rogers
- West Texas A&M University,Canyon, TX, United States
| | - T Jones
- West Texas A&M University,Canyon, TX, United States
| | - T McEvers
- Dean Cluck Feedyard,Canyon, TX, United States
| | - T Brown
- Cargill Meat Solutions,Canyon, TX, United States
| | - C Maxwell
- Elanco Animal Health,Canyon, Texas, United States
| | - T Lawrence
- Beef Carcass Research Center/West Texas A&M University,Canyon, TX, United States
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11
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Herrick R, Jones T, Sperber J, Richeson J, Brown T, Lawrence T. 486 Assessment of blood metabolites in fed Holstein steers with and without liver abscesses. J Anim Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/jas/sky404.594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- R Herrick
- Beef Carcass Research Center/West Texas A&M University,Canyon, TX, United States
| | - T Jones
- West Texas A&M University,Canyon, TX, United States
| | - J Sperber
- West Texas A&M University,Canyon, TX, United States
| | - J Richeson
- West Texas A&M University,Canyon, TX, United States
| | - T Brown
- Cargill Meat Solutions,Canyon, TX, United States
| | - T Lawrence
- Beef Carcass Research Center/West Texas A&M University,Canyon, TX, United States
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12
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Herrick R, Rogers C, McEvers T, Amachawadi R, Nagaraja T, Maxwell C, Lawrence T. 484 Exploratory observational quantification of liver abscess incidence, specific to region and cattle type, and their associations to viscera value and bacterial flora. J Anim Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/jas/sky404.592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- R Herrick
- Beef Carcass Research Center/West Texas A&M University,Canyon, TX, United States
| | - C Rogers
- West Texas A&M University,Canyon, TX, United States
| | - T McEvers
- Dean Cluck Feedyard,Canyon, TX, United States
| | - R Amachawadi
- Kansas State University College of Veterinary Science,Manhattan, KS, United States
| | - T Nagaraja
- Kansas State University,Manhattan, KS, United States
| | - C Maxwell
- Elanco Animal Health,Canyon, TX, United States
| | - T Lawrence
- Beef Carcass Research Center/West Texas A&M University,Canyon, TX, United States
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13
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Kirkpatrick T, Reed J, May N, Walter L, McEvers T, Hutcheson J, Lawrence T. PSV-12 Allometric growth of serially harvested calf-fed Holstein steers supplemented zilpaterol hydrochloride. J Anim Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/jas/sky404.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - J Reed
- West Texas A&M University,Canyon, TX, United States
| | - N May
- West Texas A&M University,Canyon, TX, United States
| | - L Walter
- West Texas A&M University,Canyon, TX, United States
| | - T McEvers
- Dean Cluck Feedyard,Gruver, TX, United States
| | - J Hutcheson
- Merck Animal Health,Amarillo, TX, United States
| | - T Lawrence
- Beef Carcass Research Center/West Texas A&M University,Canyon, TX, United States
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14
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Francis F, Herrick R, Richeson J, Lawrence T. PSV-17 Association of post mortem lung health to blood serum chemistry and carcass characteristics in Holstein steers. J Anim Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/jas/sky404.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- F Francis
- Beef Research Center/West Texas A&M University,Canyon, TX, United States
| | - R Herrick
- Beef Carcass Research Center/West Texas A&M University,College Station, TX, United States
| | - J Richeson
- West Texas A&M University,Canyon, TX, United States
| | - T Lawrence
- Beef Carcass Research Center/West Texas A&M University,Canyon, TX, United States
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15
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Mari B, Reed J, McEvers T, May N, Walter L, Hodgen J, Hutcheson J, Lawrence T. PSIX-6 Diurnal movement and consumption patterns of calf-fed Holstein steers fed in confinement. J Anim Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/jas/sky404.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- B Mari
- West Texas A&M University,Canyon, TX, United States
| | - J Reed
- West Texas A&M University,Canyon, TX, United States
| | - T McEvers
- Dean Cluck Feedyard,Gruver, TX, United States
| | - N May
- West Texas A&M University,Canyon, TX, United States
| | - L Walter
- West Texas A&M University,Canyon, TX, United States
| | - J Hodgen
- Merck Animal Health,Amarillo, TX, United States
| | - J Hutcheson
- Merck Animal Health,Amarillo, TX, United States
| | - T Lawrence
- Beef Carcass Research Center/West Texas A&M University,College station, TX, United States
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16
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Rott M, Xiang Y, Boyes I, Belton M, Saeed H, Kesanakurti P, Hayes S, Lawrence T, Birch C, Bhagwat B, Rast H. Application of Next Generation Sequencing for Diagnostic Testing of Tree Fruit Viruses and Viroids. Plant Dis 2017; 101:1489-1499. [PMID: 30678581 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-03-17-0306-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Conventional detection of viruses and virus-like diseases of plants is accomplished using a combination of molecular, serological, and biological indexing. These are the primary tools used by plant virologists to monitor and ensure trees are free of known viral pathogens. The biological indexing assay, or bioassay, is considered to be the "gold standard" as it is the only method of the three that can detect new, uncharacterized, or poorly characterized viral disease agents. Unfortunately, this method is also the most labor intensive and can take up to three years to complete. Next generation sequencing (NGS) is a technology with rapidly expanding possibilities including potential applications for the detection of plant viruses. In this study, comparisons are made between tree fruit testing by conventional and NGS methods, to demonstrate the efficacy of NGS. A comparison of 178 infected trees, many infected with several viral pathogens, demonstrated that conventional and NGS were equally capable of detecting known viruses and viroids. Comparable results were obtained for 170 of 178 of the specimens. Of the remaining eight specimens, some discrepancies were observed between viruses detected by the two methods, representing less than 5% of the specimens. NGS was further demonstrated to be equal or superior for the detection of new or poorly characterized viruses when compared with a conventional bioassay. These results validated both the effectiveness of conventional virus testing methods and the use of NGS as an additional or alternative method for plant virus detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Rott
- Centre for Plant Health, Sidney Laboratory, Canadian Food Inspection Agency, North Saanich, BC, V8L 1H3, Canada
| | - Y Xiang
- Summerland Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Summerland, BC, V0H1Z0, Canada
| | - I Boyes
- Centre for Plant Health, Sidney Laboratory, Canadian Food Inspection Agency, North Saanich, BC, V8L 1H3, Canada
| | - M Belton
- Centre for Plant Health, Sidney Laboratory, Canadian Food Inspection Agency, North Saanich, BC, V8L 1H3, Canada
| | - H Saeed
- Centre for Plant Health, Sidney Laboratory, Canadian Food Inspection Agency, North Saanich, BC, V8L 1H3, Canada
| | - P Kesanakurti
- Centre for Plant Health, Sidney Laboratory, Canadian Food Inspection Agency, North Saanich, BC, V8L 1H3, Canada
| | - S Hayes
- Centre for Plant Health, Sidney Laboratory, Canadian Food Inspection Agency, North Saanich, BC, V8L 1H3, Canada
| | - T Lawrence
- Centre for Plant Health, Sidney Laboratory, Canadian Food Inspection Agency, North Saanich, BC, V8L 1H3, Canada
| | - C Birch
- Centre for Plant Health, Sidney Laboratory, Canadian Food Inspection Agency, North Saanich, BC, V8L 1H3, Canada
| | - B Bhagwat
- Summerland Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Summerland, BC, V0H1Z0, Canada
| | - H Rast
- Centre for Plant Health, Sidney Laboratory, Canadian Food Inspection Agency, North Saanich, BC, V8L 1H3, Canada
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17
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Waller C, Tiessen R, Lawrence T, Shaw A, Liu M, Sharma R, Baczkowski M, Kothekar M, Dias R, Barve A, Pennella E. A pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics equivalence trial of proposed pegfilgrastim biosimilar, MYL-1401H vs EU-Neulasta ® and US-Neulasta ®. Eur J Cancer 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(17)30215-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Abstract
The morphology of the proximal interphalangeal joint was determined using a photographic technique. The head of the proximal phalanx, viewed end on, has a complex trapezoid appearance characteristic for each named digit. The asymmetric condyles diverge from one another and are separated by an intercondylar groove that increases in depth from the dorsal to the palmar surface. Saggital sections of the head of the proximal phalanx are not circular, but, sections taken in the plane of maximum dimensions of the condyle are circular with a radius of curvature of approximately one half of the height of the condyles. The articular surface of the base of the middle phalanx is not circular in outline in either the saggital or coronal plane. In coronal sections the articular surface is biconcave convex with a prominent median ridge separating the two adjacent concave articular surfaces. The implications of this varied morphology on implant design are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Lawrence
- University Department of Orthopaedics, Wrightington Hospital, Wigan, UK
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Dillard L, Herrick R, Lawrence T. Time-Temperature Relationships for Sanitizing Meat Processing Equipment. Meat and Muscle Biology 2017. [DOI: 10.22175/rmc2016.159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
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MacDonald D, Prica A, Assouline S, Christofides A, Lawrence T, Sehn LH. Emerging therapies for the treatment of relapsed or refractory follicular lymphoma. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 23:407-417. [PMID: 28050137 DOI: 10.3747/co.23.3405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
With no treatment standard having been established for relapsed and refractory follicular lymphoma, a number of therapeutic approaches are used in Canada. In patients who relapse early or who eventually become resistant to subsequent treatment, prognosis is poor, and new approaches are needed. A number of novel therapies are being examined in this setting, including monoclonal antibodies, immunoconjugates, immunomodulatory agents, and signal transduction inhibitors. With the body of evidence for those emerging therapies accumulating and the standard upfront treatment changing from rituximab and chop (cyclophosphamide-doxorubicin-vincristine-prednisone) or rituximab and cvp (cyclophosphamide-vincristine-prednisone) to bendamustine and rituximab, treatment decisions in the relapsed and refractory setting have become more complex. The choice of subsequent treatment must consider type of upfront treatment; duration of remission; and patient-related factors such as age, comorbidities, and treatment preferences. This paper summarizes the evidence for novel therapies and proposes recommendations for subsequent treatment options by remission duration after induction and maintenance.
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Affiliation(s)
- D MacDonald
- Division of Hematology, Dalhousie University, and QEII Health Sciences Centre, Halifax, NS
| | - A Prica
- Department of Medical Oncology, University of Toronto, and Princess Margaret Hospital, Toronto, ON
| | - S Assouline
- Department of Oncology, McGill University, and Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC
| | | | | | - L H Sehn
- Division of Medical Oncology, University of British Columbia, and BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES To provide a comprehensive assessment of the management of traumatic brain injury (TBI) relating to epidemiology, complications and standardised mortality across specialist units. DESIGN The Trauma Audit and Research Network collects data prospectively on patients suffering trauma across England and Wales. We analysed all data collected on patients with TBI between April 2014 and June 2015. SETTING Data were collected on patients presenting to emergency departments across 187 hospitals including 26 with specialist neurosurgical services, incorporating factors previously identified in the Ps14 multivariate logistic regression (Ps14n) model multivariate TBI outcome prediction model. The frequency and timing of secondary transfer to neurosurgical centres was assessed. RESULTS We identified 15 820 patients with TBI presenting to neurosurgical centres directly (6258), transferred from a district hospital to a neurosurgical centre (3682) and remaining in a district general hospital (5880). The commonest mechanisms of injury were falls in the elderly and road traffic collisions in the young, which were more likely to present in coma. In severe TBI (Glasgow Coma Score (GCS) ≤8), the median time from admission to imaging with CT scan is 0.5 hours. Median time to craniotomy from admission is 2.6 hours and median time to intracranial pressure monitoring is 3 hours. The most frequently documented complication of severe TBI is bronchopneumonia in 5% of patients. Risk-adjusted W scores derived from the Ps14n model indicate that no neurosurgical unit fell outside the 3 SD limits on a funnel plot. CONCLUSIONS We provide the first comprehensive report of the management of TBI in England and Wales, including data from all neurosurgical units. These data provide transparency and suggests equity of access to high-quality TBI management provided in England and Wales.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Lawrence
- Trauma Audit and Research Network, Manchester Medical Academic Health Sciences Centre, Institute of Population Health, University of Manchester, Salford Royal Hospital, Salford, UK
| | - A Helmy
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Neurosurgery, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - O Bouamra
- Trauma Audit and Research Network, Manchester Medical Academic Health Sciences Centre, Institute of Population Health, University of Manchester, Salford Royal Hospital, Salford, UK
| | - M Woodford
- Trauma Audit and Research Network, Manchester Medical Academic Health Sciences Centre, Institute of Population Health, University of Manchester, Salford Royal Hospital, Salford, UK
| | - F Lecky
- Centre for Urgent and Emergency Care Research (CURE), Health Services Research Section, School of Health and Related Research (ScHARR), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - P J Hutchinson
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Neurosurgery, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
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Waller C, Tiessen R, Lawrence T, Shaw A, Liu M, Sharma R, Baczkowski M, Kothekar M, Dias R, Barve A, Pennella E. A pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics equivalence trial of proposed pegfilgrastim biosimilar, MYL-1401H vs EU neulasta® and US neulasta®. Ann Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdw390.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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McCulloch M, Cazoulat G, Polan D, Schipper M, Lawrence T, Feng M, Brock K. SU-F-J-89: Assessment of Delivered Dose in Understanding HCC Tumor Progression Following SBRT. Med Phys 2016. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4955997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Zhu T, Chapman C, Tsien C, Lawrence T, Cao Y. TU-CD-BRB-05: Radiation Damage Signature of White Matter Fiber Bundles Using Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI). Med Phys 2015. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4925590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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McCulloch M, Polan D, Feng M, Lawrence T, Haken RT, Brock K. WE-AB-BRA-02: Development of Biomechanical Models to Describe Dose-Volume Response to Liver Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy (SBRT) Patients. Med Phys 2015. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4925855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Jin J, Wang W, Bi N, Ten Haken R, Schipper M, Sadek R, Zhang H, Lawrence T, Kong F. A Blood Biomarker Dependent Survival Model for NSCLC Patients Treated With Radiation Therapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2014.08.168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Jin J, Wang W, Bi N, Ten Haken R, Schipper M, Sadek R, Zhang H, Lawrence T, Kong F. A Blood Biomarker Dependent Survival Model for NSCLC Patients Treated With Radiation Therapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2014.05.456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Speers C, Kim M, Junck L, Mammoser A, Heth J, Cao Y, Lawrence T, Tsien C. Improved Overall Survival, Local Control, And Altered Patterns Of Relapse After Concurrent Temozolomide And Dose-Escalated Radiation Therapy In Newly Diagnosed Glioblastoma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2014.05.157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Kong F, Campbell J, Stanton P, Stenmark M, Zhao J, Sadek R, Khleif S, Lawrence T. Immunomodulating Cytokines May Improve Overall Survival Prediction After Radiation Therapy in Patients With Locally Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2014.05.1971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Evans J, Prensner J, Chen W, Ljungman M, Lawrence T, Chinnaiyan A, Feng F. The Long Noncoding RNA PCAT-1 Promotes Prostate Cell Proliferation Through Posttranscriptional Stabilization of the cMyc Oncogene. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2014.05.485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Farjam R, Pramanik P, Srinivasan A, Chapman C, Tsien C, Lawrence T, Cao Y. TH-E-BRF-03: A Multivariate Interaction Model for Assessment of Hippocampal Vascular Dose-Response and Early Prediction of Radiation-Induced Neurocognitive Dysfunction. Med Phys 2014. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4889667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Zhu T, Matakos A, Feng M, Lawrence T, Cao Y. TH-A-BRF-10: Quantification of Subject-Specific Susceptibility-Related Geometric Distortion in Clinical Liver MRI for Radiation Therapy. Med Phys 2014. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4889556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Spivey K, Garcia L, Starkey J, Jackson S, Rathmann R, Johnson B, Brooks C, Lawrence T, Miller M. Evaluation of eye lens nitrogen in relation to dentition, bone ossification, myoglobin, and chronological age in beef animals. Meat Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2013.07.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Lyttle MD, Ardolino A, Berry K, Bouamra O, Cheung R, Lawrence T, Lecky F, Maconochie IK. USING EXISTING PAEDIATRIC PRE-HOSPITAL TRAUMA TRIAGE TOOLS TO IDENTIFY CHILDREN WITH SEVERE TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY–AN ANALYSIS OF NATIONAL TRAUMA REGISTRY DATA. Arch Emerg Med 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/emermed-2013-203113.33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Fuller GW, Woodford M, Lawrence T, Coats T, Lecky F. THE ACCURACY OF ALTERNATIVE TRIAGE RULES FOR IDENTIFICATION OF SIGNIFICANT TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY: A DIAGNOSTIC COHORT STUDY. Arch Emerg Med 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/emermed-2013-203113.24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Cheung R, Ardolino A, Lawrence T, Bouamra O, Lecky FE, Berry K, Chaudhury A, Issa S, Koralage N, Lyttle MD, Maconochie IK. THE ACCURACY OF EXISTING PRE-HOSPITAL TRIAGE TOOLS FOR INJURED CHILDREN IN ENGLAND–AN ANALYSIS USING TRAUMA REGISTRY AND EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT DATA. Arch Emerg Med 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/emermed-2013-203113.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Wang H, Farjam R, Feng M, Ten Haken R, Lawrence T, Cao Y. TU-A-WAB-02: Arterial Perfusion Imaging-Defined Aggressive Subvolume of Intrahepatic Cancer for Radiation Therapy. Med Phys 2013. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4815336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Nazem-Zadeh M, Chapman C, Lawrence T, Tsien C, Cao Y. TU-A-WAB-10: Estimating Repeatability Coefficients of Diffusion Indices for Assessing Trueness of the Radiation-Induced Changes in Individual Patients. Med Phys 2013. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4815344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Farjam R, Tsien C, Feng F, Gomez-Hassan D, Hayman J, Lawrence T, Cao Y. SU-F-500-02: Early Prediction of Brain Metastases Response to Radiation Therapy by Combination of Changes in Tumor Vascular and Cellularity Properties. Med Phys 2013. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4815192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Wang H, Feng M, Frey K, Balter J, Haken RT, Lawrence T, Cao Y. Hepatic Function Model Based Upon HIDA SPECT and Dose for Physiological Adaptive RT. Pract Radiat Oncol 2013; 3:S2. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prro.2013.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Wang W, Shedden K, Haken RT, Hayman J, Arenberg D, Lawrence T, Kong F. Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in DNA Repair Genes May Be Associated With Survival in Patients With Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Treated With Definitive Radiation Therapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2012.07.285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Nazem-Zadeh M, Chapman C, Lawrence T, Tsien C, Cao Y. WE-G-217A-04: Segmenting Limbic Circuit Fiber Tracts for Quantifying Changes in Diffusion Indices Due to Partial Radiation Therapy. Med Phys 2012; 39:3975-3976. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4736223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Wang H, Feng M, Frey K, Balter J, Haken RT, Lawrence T, Cao Y. WE-A-217A-04: Hepatic Function Estimated from HIDA SPECT for Assessment of Liver Response to Radiation Therapy. Med Phys 2012. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4736062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Nazem-Zadeh M, Chapman C, Lawrence T, Tsien C, Cao Y. WE-A-217A-01: The Effects of Radiation Therapy on White Matter Fiber Tracts of the Limbic Circuit. Med Phys 2012. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4736059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Farjam R, Tsien C, Feng F, Gomez-Hassan D, Hayman J, Lawrence T, Cao Y. WE-C-BRA-05: Physiological Imaging-Defined Response-Driven Subvolumes of a Tumor. Med Phys 2012. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4736110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Ben-Josef E, Schipper M, Francis I, Khan G, Hadley S, Lawrence T, Simeone D, Abrams R, Sonnenday C, Zalupski M. Phase I/II Radiation Dose-Escalation Trial of Intensity Modulated Radiotherapy (IMRT) with Concurrent Fixed Dose-Rate Gemcitabine (FDR-G) for Unresectable Pancreatic Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2011.06.263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Dundon B, Baker L, Pipkin J, Lawrence T. Digestibility and balance of organic and inorganic sources of calcium and magnesium in exercised two and three year old geldings. J Equine Vet Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2011.03.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Wang H, Thomas A, Feng M, Pan C, Balter J, Chenevert T, Hussain H, Haken RT, Lawrence T, Cao Y. MO-D-204B-04: A Quantitative Metric Derived from DCE MRI for Assessment of Liver Response to Radiation Therapy. Med Phys 2010. [DOI: 10.1118/1.3469065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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