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Galhaut M, Lundberg U, Marlin R, Schlegl R, Seidel S, Bartuschka U, Heindl-Wruss J, Relouzat F, Langlois S, Dereuddre-Bosquet N, Morin J, Galpin-Lebreau M, Gallouët AS, Gros W, Naninck T, Pascal Q, Chapon C, Mouchain K, Fichet G, Lemaitre J, Cavarelli M, Contreras V, Legrand N, Meinke A, Le Grand R. Immunogenicity and efficacy of VLA2001 vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 infection in male cynomolgus macaques. Commun Med (Lond) 2024; 4:62. [PMID: 38570605 PMCID: PMC10991505 DOI: 10.1038/s43856-024-00488-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The fight against COVID-19 requires mass vaccination strategies, and vaccines inducing durable cross-protective responses are still needed. Inactivated vaccines have proven lasting efficacy against many pathogens and good safety records. They contain multiple protein antigens that may improve response breadth and can be easily adapted every year to maintain preparedness for future seasonally emerging variants. METHODS The vaccine dose was determined using ELISA and pseudoviral particle-based neutralization assay in the mice. The immunogenicity was assessed in the non-human primates with multiplex ELISA, neutralization assays, ELISpot and intracellular staining. The efficacy was demonstrated by viral quantification in fluids using RT-qPCR and respiratory tissue lesions evaluation. RESULTS Here we report the immunogenicity and efficacy of VLA2001 in animal models. VLA2001 formulated with alum and the TLR9 agonist CpG 1018™ adjuvant generate a Th1-biased immune response and serum neutralizing antibodies in female BALB/c mice. In male cynomolgus macaques, two injections of VLA2001 are sufficient to induce specific and polyfunctional CD4+ T cell responses, predominantly Th1-biased, and high levels of antibodies neutralizing SARS-CoV-2 infection in cell culture. These antibodies also inhibit the binding of the Spike protein to human ACE2 receptor of several variants of concern most resistant to neutralization. After exposure to a high dose of homologous SARS-CoV-2, vaccinated groups exhibit significant levels of protection from viral replication in the upper and lower respiratory tracts and from lung tissue inflammation. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrate that the VLA2001 adjuvanted vaccine is immunogenic both in mouse and NHP models and prevent cynomolgus macaques from the viruses responsible of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathilde Galhaut
- Center for Immunology of Viral, Auto-immune, Hematological and Bacterial diseases (IMVA-HB/IDMIT), Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, CEA, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | | | - Romain Marlin
- Center for Immunology of Viral, Auto-immune, Hematological and Bacterial diseases (IMVA-HB/IDMIT), Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, CEA, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | | | | | | | | | - Francis Relouzat
- Center for Immunology of Viral, Auto-immune, Hematological and Bacterial diseases (IMVA-HB/IDMIT), Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, CEA, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Sébastien Langlois
- Center for Immunology of Viral, Auto-immune, Hematological and Bacterial diseases (IMVA-HB/IDMIT), Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, CEA, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Nathalie Dereuddre-Bosquet
- Center for Immunology of Viral, Auto-immune, Hematological and Bacterial diseases (IMVA-HB/IDMIT), Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, CEA, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Julie Morin
- Center for Immunology of Viral, Auto-immune, Hematological and Bacterial diseases (IMVA-HB/IDMIT), Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, CEA, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Maxence Galpin-Lebreau
- Center for Immunology of Viral, Auto-immune, Hematological and Bacterial diseases (IMVA-HB/IDMIT), Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, CEA, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Anne-Sophie Gallouët
- Center for Immunology of Viral, Auto-immune, Hematological and Bacterial diseases (IMVA-HB/IDMIT), Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, CEA, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Wesley Gros
- Center for Immunology of Viral, Auto-immune, Hematological and Bacterial diseases (IMVA-HB/IDMIT), Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, CEA, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Thibaut Naninck
- Center for Immunology of Viral, Auto-immune, Hematological and Bacterial diseases (IMVA-HB/IDMIT), Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, CEA, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Quentin Pascal
- Center for Immunology of Viral, Auto-immune, Hematological and Bacterial diseases (IMVA-HB/IDMIT), Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, CEA, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Catherine Chapon
- Center for Immunology of Viral, Auto-immune, Hematological and Bacterial diseases (IMVA-HB/IDMIT), Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, CEA, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Karine Mouchain
- ONCODESIGN SERVICES, François Hyafil Research Center, Villebon-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Guillaume Fichet
- ONCODESIGN SERVICES, François Hyafil Research Center, Villebon-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Julien Lemaitre
- Center for Immunology of Viral, Auto-immune, Hematological and Bacterial diseases (IMVA-HB/IDMIT), Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, CEA, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Mariangela Cavarelli
- Center for Immunology of Viral, Auto-immune, Hematological and Bacterial diseases (IMVA-HB/IDMIT), Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, CEA, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Vanessa Contreras
- Center for Immunology of Viral, Auto-immune, Hematological and Bacterial diseases (IMVA-HB/IDMIT), Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, CEA, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Nicolas Legrand
- ONCODESIGN SERVICES, François Hyafil Research Center, Villebon-sur-Yvette, France
| | | | - Roger Le Grand
- Center for Immunology of Viral, Auto-immune, Hematological and Bacterial diseases (IMVA-HB/IDMIT), Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, CEA, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France.
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Roques P, Fritzer A, Dereuddre-Bosquet N, Wressnigg N, Hochreiter R, Bossevot L, Pascal Q, Guehenneux F, Bitzer A, Corbic Ramljak I, Le Grand R, Lundberg U, Meinke A. Effectiveness of CHIKV vaccine VLA1553 demonstrated by passive transfer of human sera. JCI Insight 2022; 7:160173. [PMID: 35700051 PMCID: PMC9431671 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.160173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is a reemerging mosquito-borne alphavirus responsible for numerous outbreaks. Chikungunya can cause debilitating acute and chronic disease. Thus, the development of a safe and effective CHIKV vaccine is an urgent global health priority. This study evaluated the effectiveness of the live-attenuated CHIKV vaccine VLA1553 against WT CHIKV infection by using passive transfer of sera from vaccinated volunteers to nonhuman primates (NHP) subsequently exposed to WT CHIKV and established a serological surrogate of protection. We demonstrated that human VLA1553 sera transferred to NHPs conferred complete protection from CHIKV viremia and fever after challenge with homologous WT CHIKV. In addition, serum transfer protected animals from other CHIKV-associated clinical symptoms and from CHIKV persistence in tissue. Based on this passive transfer study, a 50% micro–plaque reduction neutralization test titer of ≥ 150 was determined as a surrogate of protection, which was supported by analysis of samples from a seroepidemiological study. In conclusion, considering the unfeasibility of an efficacy trial due to the unpredictability and explosive, rapidly moving nature of chikungunya outbreaks, the definition of a surrogate of protection for VLA1553 is an important step toward vaccine licensure to reduce the medical burden caused by chikungunya.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Roques
- Unité de Virologie, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | | | | | - Nina Wressnigg
- Clinical Strategy, Valneva Austria GmbH, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Laetitia Bossevot
- DSV/IMETI, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Quentin Pascal
- DSV/IMETI, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | | | | | | | - Roger Le Grand
- DSV/IMETI, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
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Wressnigg N, Hochreiter R, Zoihsl O, Fritzer A, Bézay N, Klingler A, Lingnau K, Schneider M, Lundberg U, Meinke A, Larcher-Senn J, Čorbic-Ramljak I, Eder-Lingelbach S, Dubischar K, Bender W. Single-shot live-attenuated chikungunya vaccine in healthy adults: a phase 1, randomised controlled trial. The Lancet Infectious Diseases 2020; 20:1193-1203. [DOI: 10.1016/s1473-3099(20)30238-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Gomes-Solecki M, Arnaboldi PM, Backenson PB, Benach JL, Cooper CL, Dattwyler RJ, Diuk-Wasser M, Fikrig E, Hovius JW, Laegreid W, Lundberg U, Marconi RT, Marques AR, Molloy P, Narasimhan S, Pal U, Pedra JHF, Plotkin S, Rock DL, Rosa P, Telford SR, Tsao J, Yang XF, Schutzer SE. Protective Immunity and New Vaccines for Lyme Disease. Clin Infect Dis 2020; 70:1768-1773. [PMID: 31620776 PMCID: PMC7155782 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciz872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Lyme disease, caused by some Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, is the most common tick-borne illness in the Northern Hemisphere and the number of cases, and geographic spread, continue to grow. Previously identified B. burgdorferi proteins, lipid immunogens, and live mutants lead the design of canonical vaccines aimed at disrupting infection in the host. Discovery of the mechanism of action of the first vaccine catalyzed the development of new strategies to control Lyme disease that bypassed direct vaccination of the human host. Thus, novel prevention concepts center on proteins produced by B. burgdorferi during tick transit and on tick proteins that mediate feeding and pathogen transmission. A burgeoning area of research is tick immunity as it can unlock mechanistic pathways that could be targeted for disruption. Studies that shed light on the mammalian immune pathways engaged during tick-transmitted B. burgdorferi infection would further development of vaccination strategies against Lyme disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Gomes-Solecki
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Biochemistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Tennessee, USA
| | - Paul M Arnaboldi
- Department of Microbiology/Immunology, New York Medical College, New York, USA
| | | | - Jorge L Benach
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Stony Brook University, New York, USA
| | - Christopher L Cooper
- Molecular and Translational Sciences, US Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Maryland, USA
| | - Raymond J Dattwyler
- Department of Microbiology/Immunology, New York Medical College, New York, USA
| | - Maria Diuk-Wasser
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Environmental Biology, Columbia University, New York, USA
| | - Erol Fikrig
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - J W Hovius
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam Multidisciplinary Lyme Borreliosis Center, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Academic Medical Center, The Netherlands
| | - Will Laegreid
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Wyoming State Veterinary Laboratory, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming, USA
| | | | - Richard T Marconi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Virginia Commonwealth University Medical Center, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Adriana R Marques
- Lyme Disease Studies Unit, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Sukanya Narasimhan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Utpal Pal
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - Joao H F Pedra
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Maryland, USA
| | - Stanley Plotkin
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Daniel L Rock
- College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Illinois, USA
| | - Patricia Rosa
- Laboratory of Bacteriology, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, Montana, USA
| | - Sam R Telford
- Department of Infectious Disease and Global Health, Tufts University, North Grafton, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jean Tsao
- Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA,Departments of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - X Frank Yang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University of School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Steven E Schutzer
- Department of Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, USA,Correspondence: S. E. Schutzer, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, 185 South Orange Ave, Newark, NJ 07103 ()
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Cabauatan CR, Campana R, Niespodziana K, Reinisch C, Lundberg U, Meinke A, Henning R, Neubauer A, Valenta R. Heat-labile Escherichia coli toxin enhances the induction of allergen-specific IgG antibodies in epicutaneous patch vaccination. Allergy 2017; 72:164-168. [PMID: 27568860 PMCID: PMC5215485 DOI: 10.1111/all.13036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Epicutaneous allergen-specific immunotherapy (EPIT) is proposed as an alternative route for allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT). The induction of allergen-specific blocking IgG antibodies represents an important mechanism underlying AIT, but has not been investigated for EPIT. Here, we compared the induction of allergen-specific blocking IgG in outbred guinea pigs which had been immunized with recombinant birch pollen allergen Bet v 1 using patch delivery system (PDS) with or without heat-labile toxin (LT) from Escherichia coli or subcutaneously with aluminum hydroxide (Alum)-adsorbed rBet v 1. Only subcutaneous immunization with Alum-adsorbed rBet v 1 and epicutaneous administration of rBet v 1 with PDS in combination with LT from E. coli induced allergen-specific IgG antibodies blocking allergic patients' IgE, but not immunization with rBet v 1 via PDS alone. Our results suggest that patch vaccination with rBet v 1 in combination with LT may be a promising strategy for allergen-specific immunotherapy against birch pollen allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. R. Cabauatan
- Division of Immunopathology; Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research; Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology; Medical University of Vienna; Vienna Austria
| | - R. Campana
- Division of Immunopathology; Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research; Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology; Medical University of Vienna; Vienna Austria
| | - K. Niespodziana
- Division of Immunopathology; Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research; Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology; Medical University of Vienna; Vienna Austria
| | - C. Reinisch
- Valneva Austria GmbH; Campus Vienna Biocenter; Vienna Austria
| | - U. Lundberg
- Valneva Austria GmbH; Campus Vienna Biocenter; Vienna Austria
| | - A. Meinke
- Valneva Austria GmbH; Campus Vienna Biocenter; Vienna Austria
| | | | | | - R. Valenta
- Division of Immunopathology; Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research; Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology; Medical University of Vienna; Vienna Austria
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Comstedt P, Hanner M, Schüler W, Meinke A, Schlegl R, Lundberg U. Characterization and optimization of a novel vaccine for protection against Lyme borreliosis. Vaccine 2015; 33:5982-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.07.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2015] [Revised: 07/11/2015] [Accepted: 07/23/2015] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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Schüler W, Bunikis I, Weber-Lehman J, Comstedt P, Kutschan-Bunikis S, Stanek G, Huber J, Meinke A, Bergström S, Lundberg U. Complete genome sequence of Borrelia afzelii K78 and comparative genome analysis. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0120548. [PMID: 25798594 PMCID: PMC4370689 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0120548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2014] [Accepted: 01/23/2015] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The main Borrelia species causing Lyme borreliosis in Europe and Asia are Borrelia afzelii, B. garinii, B. burgdorferi and B. bavariensis. This is in contrast to the United States, where infections are exclusively caused by B. burgdorferi. Until to date the genome sequences of four B. afzelii strains, of which only two include the numerous plasmids, are available. In order to further assess the genetic diversity of B. afzelii, the most common species in Europe, responsible for the large variety of clinical manifestations of Lyme borreliosis, we have determined the full genome sequence of the B. afzelii strain K78, a clinical isolate from Austria. The K78 genome contains a linear chromosome (905,949 bp) and 13 plasmids (8 linear and 5 circular) together presenting 1,309 open reading frames of which 496 are located on plasmids. With the exception of lp28-8, all linear replicons in their full length including their telomeres have been sequenced. The comparison with the genomes of the four other B. afzelii strains, ACA-1, PKo, HLJ01 and Tom3107, as well as the one of B. burgdorferi strain B31, confirmed a high degree of conservation within the linear chromosome of B. afzelii, whereas plasmid encoded genes showed a much larger diversity. Since some plasmids present in B. burgdorferi are missing in the B. afzelii genomes, the corresponding virulence factors of B. burgdorferi are found in B. afzelii on other unrelated plasmids. In addition, we have identified a species specific region in the circular plasmid, cp26, which could be used for species determination. Different non-coding RNAs have been located on the B. afzelii K78 genome, which have not previously been annotated in any of the published Borrelia genomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ignas Bunikis
- Department of Molecular Biology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | | | | | | | - Gerold Stanek
- Medical University of Vienna, Institute for Hygiene and Applied Immunology, Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | - Sven Bergström
- Department of Molecular Biology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
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Comstedt P, Hanner M, Schüler W, Meinke A, Lundberg U. Design and development of a novel vaccine for protection against Lyme borreliosis. PLoS One 2014; 9:e113294. [PMID: 25409015 PMCID: PMC4237411 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0113294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2014] [Accepted: 10/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
There is currently no Lyme borreliosis vaccine available for humans, although it has been shown that the disease can be prevented by immunization with an OspA-based vaccine (LYMErix). Outer surface protein A (OspA) is one of the dominant antigens expressed by the spirochetes when present in a tick. The Borrelia species causing Lyme borreliosis in Europe express different OspA serotypes on their surface, B. burgdorferi (serotype 1), B. afzelii (serotype 2), B. garinii (serotypes, 3, 5 and 6) and B. bavariensis (serotype 4), while only B. burgdorferi is present in the US. In order to target all these pathogenic Borrelia species, we have designed a multivalent OspA-based vaccine. The vaccine includes three proteins, each containing the C-terminal half of two OspA serotypes linked to form a heterodimer. In order to stabilize the C-terminal fragment and thus preserve important structural epitopes at physiological temperature, disulfide bonds were introduced. The immunogenicity was increased by introduction of a lipidation signal which ensures the addition of an N-terminal lipid moiety. Three immunizations with 3.0 µg adjuvanted vaccine protected mice from a challenge with spirochetes expressing either OspA serotype 1, 2 or 5. Mice were protected against both challenge with infected ticks and in vitro grown spirochetes. Immunological analyses (ELISA, surface binding and growth inhibition) indicated that the vaccine can provide protection against the majority of Borrelia species pathogenic for humans. This article presents the approach which allows for the generation of a hexavalent vaccine that can potentially protect against a broad range of globally distributed Borrelia species causing Lyme borreliosis.
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Cabauatan C, Campana R, Niespodziana K, Reinisch C, Lundberg U, Meinke A, Henning R, Neubauer A, Valenta R. Induction of allergen-specific blocking IgG using patch delivered recombinant Bet v 1 in guinea pigs. Clin Transl Allergy 2014. [PMCID: PMC4072013 DOI: 10.1186/2045-7022-4-s2-o18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Smidt M, Bättig P, Verhaegh SJC, Niebisch A, Hanner M, Selak S, Schüler W, Morfeldt E, Hellberg C, Nagy E, Lundberg U, Hays JP, Meinke A, Henriques-Normark B. Comprehensive antigen screening identifies Moraxella catarrhalis proteins that induce protection in a mouse pulmonary clearance model. PLoS One 2013; 8:e64422. [PMID: 23671716 PMCID: PMC3650003 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0064422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2012] [Accepted: 04/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Moraxella catarrhalis is one of the three most common causative bacterial pathogens of otitis media, however no effective vaccine against M. catarrhalis has been developed so far. To identify M. catarrhalis vaccine candidate antigens, we used carefully selected sera from children with otitis media and healthy individuals to screen small-fragment genomic libraries that are expressed to display frame-selected peptides on a bacterial cell surface. This ANTIGENome technology led to the identification of 214 antigens, 23 of which were selected by in vitro or in vivo studies for additional characterization. Eight of the 23 candidates were tested in a Moraxella mouse pulmonary clearance model, and 3 of these antigens induced significantly faster bacterial clearance compared to adjuvant or to the previously characterized antigen OmpCD. The most significant protection data were obtained with the antigen MCR_1416 (Msp22), which was further investigated for its biological function by in vitro studies suggesting that Msp22 is a heme binding protein. This study comprises one of the most exhaustive studies to identify potential vaccine candidate antigens against the bacterial pathogen M. catarrhalis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Patrick Bättig
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Suzanne J. C. Verhaegh
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Axel Niebisch
- Intercell AG, Campus Vienna Biocenter 3, Vienna, Austria
| | - Markus Hanner
- Intercell AG, Campus Vienna Biocenter 3, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sanja Selak
- Intercell AG, Campus Vienna Biocenter 3, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Eva Morfeldt
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christel Hellberg
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Eszter Nagy
- Intercell AG, Campus Vienna Biocenter 3, Vienna, Austria
| | - Urban Lundberg
- Intercell AG, Campus Vienna Biocenter 3, Vienna, Austria
| | - John P. Hays
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Andreas Meinke
- Intercell AG, Campus Vienna Biocenter 3, Vienna, Austria
- * E-mail:
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Mork PJ, Nilsson J, Lorås HW, Riva R, Lundberg U, Westgaard RH. Heart rate variability in fibromyalgia patients and healthy controls during non-REM and REM sleep: a case–control study. Scand J Rheumatol 2013; 42:505-8. [DOI: 10.3109/03009742.2012.755564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Lundberg U, Senn BM, Schüler W, Meinke A, Hanner M. Identification and characterization of antigens as vaccine candidates against Klebsiella pneumoniae. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2012; 9:497-505. [PMID: 23250007 DOI: 10.4161/hv.23225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Nosocomial infections, also called "hospital acquired infections," occur worldwide and affect both developed and resource-poor countries, thus having a major impact on their health care systems. Klebsiella pneumoniae, which is an opportunistic Gram-negative pathogen, is responsible for causing pneumonia, urinary tract infections and septicemia in immune compromised hosts such as neonates. Unfortunately, there is no vaccine or mAb available for prophylactic or therapeutic use against K. pneumoniae infections. For this reason, we sought for a protein-based subunit vaccine capable of combating K. pneumoniae infections, by applying our ANTIGENome technology for the identification of potential vaccine candidates, focusing on conserved protein antigens present in strains with different serotypes. We identified numerous novel immunogenic proteins using genomic surface display libraries and human serum antibodies from donors exposed to or infected by K. pneumoniae. Vaccine candidate antigens were finally selected based on animal protection in a murine lethal-sepsis model. The protective and highly conserved antigens identified in this study are promising candidates for the development of a protein-based vaccine to prevent infection by K. pneumoniae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urban Lundberg
- Intercell AG, Campus Vienna Biocenter 3; Vienna, Austria
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Gesslbauer B, Poljak A, Handwerker C, Schüler W, Schwendenwein D, Weber C, Lundberg U, Meinke A, Kungl AJ. Comparative membrane proteome analysis of three Borrelia species. Proteomics 2012; 12:845-58. [PMID: 22539435 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201100211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The versatility of the surface of Borrelia, the causative agent of Lyme borreliosis, is very important in host-pathogen interactions allowing bacteria to survive in ticks and to persist in a mammalian environment. To identify the surface proteome of Borrelia, we have performed a large comparative proteomic analysis on the three most important pathogenic Borrelia species, namely B. burgdorferi (strain B31), B. afzelii (strain K78), and B. garinii (strain PBi). Isolation of membrane proteins was performed by using three different approaches: (i) a detergent-based fractionation of outer membrane proteins; (ii) a trypsin-based partial shedding of outer cell surface proteins; (iii) biotinylation of membrane proteins and preparation of the biotin-labelled fraction using streptavidin. Proteins derived from the detergent-based fractionation were further sub-fractionated by heparin affinity chromatography since heparin-like molecules play an important role for microbial entry into human cells. All isolated proteins were analysed using either a gel-based liquid chromatography (LC)-MS/MS technique or by two-dimensional (2D)-LC-MS/MS resulting in the identification of 286 unique proteins. Ninety seven of these were found in all three Borrelia species, representing potential targets for a broad coverage vaccine for the prevention of Lyme borreliosis caused by the different Borrelia species.
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Poljak A, Comstedt P, Hanner M, Schüler W, Meinke A, Wizel B, Lundberg U. Identification and characterization of Borrelia antigens as potential vaccine candidates against Lyme borreliosis. Vaccine 2012; 30:4398-406. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.10.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2011] [Revised: 10/19/2011] [Accepted: 10/26/2011] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Senn BM, Visram Z, Meinke AL, Neubauer C, Gelbmann D, Sinzinger J, Hanner M, Lundberg U, Boisvert H, Reinscheid D, von Gabain A, Nagy E. Monoclonal antibodies targeting different cell wall antigens of group B streptococcus mediate protection in both Fc-dependent and independent manner. Vaccine 2011; 29:4116-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.03.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2010] [Revised: 03/20/2011] [Accepted: 03/28/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Meinke AL, Senn BM, Visram Z, Henics TZ, Minh DB, Schüler W, Neubauer C, Gelbmann D, Noiges B, Sinzinger J, Hanner M, Dewasthaly S, Lundberg U, Hordnes K, Masoud H, Sevelda P, von Gabain A, Nagy E. Immunological fingerprinting of group B streptococci: From circulating human antibodies to protective antigens. Vaccine 2010; 28:6997-7008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2010.08.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2010] [Revised: 08/03/2010] [Accepted: 08/06/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Giefing C, Meinke AL, Hanner M, Henics T, Bui MD, Gelbmann D, Lundberg U, Senn BM, Schunn M, Habel A, Henriques-Normark B, Ortqvist A, Kalin M, von Gabain A, Nagy E. Discovery of a novel class of highly conserved vaccine antigens using genomic scale antigenic fingerprinting of pneumococcus with human antibodies. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 205:117-31. [PMID: 18166586 PMCID: PMC2234372 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20071168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 207] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Pneumococcus is one of the most important human pathogens that causes life-threatening invasive diseases, especially at the extremities of age. Capsular polysaccharides (CPSs) are known to induce protective antibodies; however, it is not feasible to develop CPS-based vaccines that cover all of the 90 disease-causing serotypes. We applied a genomic approach and described the antibody repertoire for pneumococcal proteins using display libraries expressing 15–150 amino acid fragments of the pathogen's proteome. Serum antibodies of exposed, but not infected, individuals and convalescing patients identified the ANTIGENome of pneumococcus consisting of ∼140 antigens, many of them surface exposed. Based on several in vitro assays, 18 novel candidates were preselected for animal studies, and 4 of them showed significant protection against lethal sepsis. Two lead vaccine candidates, protein required for cell wall separation of group B streptococcus (PcsB) and serine/threonine protein kinase (StkP), were found to be exceptionally conserved among clinical isolates (>99.5% identity) and cross-protective against four different serotypes in lethal sepsis and pneumonia models, and have important nonredundant functions in bacterial multiplication based on gene deletion studies. We describe for the first time opsonophagocytic killing activity for pneumococcal protein antigens. A vaccine containing PcsB and StkP is intended for the prevention of infections caused by all serotypes of pneumococcus in the elderly and in children.
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Berntsson L, Lundberg U, Krantz G. Gender differences in work-home interplay and symptom perception among Swedish white-collar employees. J Epidemiol Community Health 2007; 60:1070-6. [PMID: 17108304 PMCID: PMC2465494 DOI: 10.1136/jech.2005.042192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyse gender differences in paid and unpaid workload and symptoms in matched groups of Swedish white-collar workers with children. DESIGN AND SETTING Paid and unpaid workload and perceived stress from paid work, conflict between demands and control over household work were measured by a total workload (TWL) questionnaire. Some symptoms were rated with regard to frequency and severity as a measure of health. Cross-sectional analyses were performed. PARTICIPANTS Matched groups of male (n = 440) and female (n = 529) well-educated white-collar workers in full-time employment, aged 32-58 years and living with children in the home. RESULTS Women in higher positions in Sweden are healthier than the average population of women, but report more symptoms than men in the same position as well as more stress from paid work, more conflict between demands and a greater TWL. However, women also reported more control over household duties and TWL was not associated with more symptoms. The men were mainly focused on their paid work role and perhaps even more so than men in the general population as they were fairly resistant to feelings of conflicting demands. CONCLUSION Even among matched groups of full-time employed, well-educated men and women, traditional gender differences in division of responsibilities and time allocation were found. Even though the women were healthy at this stage, they might risk future ill health, owing to high workload, stress and feelings of conflicting demands.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Berntsson
- Institute of Health and Care Sciences, Göteborg University, Göteborg, Sweden.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE The study explores whether auricular acupuncture can be a viable treatment form for inmates in prison psychiatric units. METHOD Inmates in a prison psychiatric unit and in a support unit for violent behavior were offered group treatment with auricular acupuncture three times a week over a period of 9 months. Another prison psychiatric unit served as a control group. RESULTS Twenty-two inmates received treatment, and 11 inmates received treatment for over 8 weeks. Cortisol levels were higher for inmates in the support unit than for the other two groups. Inmates treated at least 25 times were prescribed fewer psycholeptic drugs than controls. Perceived autonomy increased for treated inmates in the psychiatric unit. Inmates treated for over 8 weeks experienced improved inner harmony and calm and better clarity over future plans. CONCLUSION Acupuncture is a non-verbal form of treatment appropriate for prison psychiatric units. The treatment facilitates contact and complements other psycho-social treatment forms.
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Affiliation(s)
- A H Berman
- Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Lundberg U. [On the medical profession in antiquity]. Nord Medicinhist Arsb 2001:65-75. [PMID: 11626595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
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22
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Lundberg U. [On Asclepius and the cult of Asclepius]. Nord Medicinhist Arsb 2001:65-74. [PMID: 11626447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
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Lundberg U. [Imhotep]. Nord Medicinhist Arsb 2001:33-8. [PMID: 11626923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
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Grossi G, Perski A, Lundberg U, Soares J. Associations between financial strain and the diurnal salivary cortisol secretion of long-term unemployed individuals. Integr Psychol Behav Sci 2001; 36:205-19. [PMID: 11777016 DOI: 10.1007/bf02734094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The study investigated the associations between self-rated financial strain and overall diurnal salivary cortisol levels, as well as secretory patterns among long-term unemployed individuals. METHODS Psychosocial and life-style variables were assessed by means of questionnaires among 85 participants (mean age 42+/-9 years; 56% females). Salivary cortisol was sampled on four occasions during a 24-hour period and data was analysed separately for men and women. RESULTS Among females, high financial strain was related to higher overall cortisol levels, and to elevated levels in the evening. These associations did not reach significance among men. Multivariate analyses showed that evening levels of cortisol were positively associated with financial strain, but largely unrelated to life-style variables and psychological distress. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that high financial strain influences the diurnal cortisol secretion of unemployed individuals in terms of elevated cortisol levels in the evening. The mediating mechanisms are in need of further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Grossi
- National Institute for Psychosocial Factors and Health, Stockholm, Sweden
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Gjerdingen D, McGovern P, Bekker M, Lundberg U, Willemsen T. Women's work roles and their impact on health, well-being, and career: comparisons between the United States, Sweden, and The Netherlands. Women Health 2001; 31:1-20. [PMID: 11310808 DOI: 10.1300/j013v31n04_01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
As women have become more assimilated into the work-force over recent decades, they have realized considerable changes in their work roles which may contribute to health problems and other negative outcomes such as marital strain and diminished job status. The purpose of this review was threefold: (1) to synthesize data on the distribution of women's work efforts in the areas of paid employment, household chores, and childcare; (2) to outline research which addresses the impact of women's workload on their well-being and careers; and (3) to make international and gender comparisons regarding women's work responsibilities. Our findings showed that women from each of the three countries examined--the United States, Sweden, and The Netherlands--contribute more effort to household chores and childcare and less to the workplace than men do. As a result, their total workloads appear to be somewhat greater and more diffusely distributed than those of men. Heavy workloads may adversely affect women's health, especially in the presence of certain role characteristics (e.g., having a clerical, managerial, professional, or executive position, or caring for young children). Heavy work responsibilities may also undermine marital happiness, particularly if there is perceived inequity in the way partners share household work. Finally, women's total work responsibilities often impact their careers due to compensatory reductions in work commitment and job status. These observations point to the need for further research on women's workload and work roles, on the relationship of work to well-being, and on methods of preventing or alleviating adverse effects on overburdened workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Gjerdingen
- Department of Family Practice & Community Health, University of Minnesota, St. Paul 55103, USA.
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Sandsjö L, Melin B, Rissén D, Dohns I, Lundberg U. Trapezius muscle activity, neck and shoulder pain, and subjective experiences during monotonous work in women. Eur J Appl Physiol 2000; 83:235-8. [PMID: 11104066 DOI: 10.1007/s004210000284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The electromyographic (EMG) activity patterns of 18 female supermarket employees reporting neck and shoulder pain were compared with those of 6 of their female colleagues reporting no pain when doing cash-register work. It was found that the EMG activity of the trapezius muscle tended to show a lack of low and high levels among pain subjects, and that the time the trapezius muscle was at rest was longer in the group reporting no pain. In the non-dominant side, the muscle rest time was significantly longer (P < 0.05) in the group reporting no pain, and this group also showed a larger EMG activity difference between the dominant and non-dominant sides, indicating a less static bilateral muscle activation. Self-reports of negative experiences (stressed, exhausted and tense) were somewhat higher in the group reporting pain, while positive experiences during work (concentrated, stimulated and happy) appeared to be similar in the two groups of supermarket employees.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Sandsjö
- National Institute for Working Life/West, Göteborg, Sweden.
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Sjøgaard G, Lundberg U, Kadefors R. The role of muscle activity and mental load in the development of pain and degenerative processes at the muscle cell level during computer work. Eur J Appl Physiol 2000; 83:99-105. [PMID: 11104050 DOI: 10.1007/s004210000285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Abstract
In order to understand the high prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders associated with stressful work, it is important to explore the relationship between muscle activity and psychophysiological stress responses. The present real-life study examines surface trapezius electromyographic (sEMG) activity, heart rate, blood pressure, and levels of urinary catecholamines and salivary cortisol among 31 female employees working at supermarkets, where the prevalence of neck and shoulder disorders is high (60-70%). As expected, the results show that psychophysiological arousal was high during work. Significant correlations were found between self-reports indicating negative stress (stressed, exhausted, tense) and sEMG activity during work. No significant correlations were found between self-reports of positive reactions (stimulated, concentrated, happy) and sEMG activity. No associations were found between sEMG activity and pain or between negative stress ratings and pain. Objectively measured workload and physiological stress responses did not correlate significantly with sEMG activity. Thus, our data indicate that perceived negative stress may have a specific influence on muscle activity, which may be of importance for musculoskeletal disorders in jobs with low-to-moderate physical load and negative psychosocial factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Rissén
- Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Sweden.
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30
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Marchi R, Lundberg U, Grimbergen J, Koopman J, Torres A, de Bosch NB, Haverkate F, Arocha Piñango CL. Fibrinogen Caracas V, an abnormal fibrinogen with an Aalpha 532 Ser-->Cys substitution associated with thrombosis. Thromb Haemost 2000; 84:263-70. [PMID: 10959699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
A new dysfibrinogenemia associated with thrombophilia has been identified in a Venezuelan kindred. Thrombin and Reptilase times were prolonged and the accelerating capacity of the patient's fibrin on the t-PA-induced plasminogen activation was decreased. In addition the affinity of fibrinogen for plasminogen was diminished. Permeability and electron microscopy studies revealed that the abnormal clot was made up of thin and densely packed fibres giving rise to a reduced fibrin gel porosity. This was confirmed by turbidity studies showing a decreased fibre mass/length ratio. Affected members were heterozygous for an Aalpha 532 Ser-->Cys mutation as demonstrated by genetic analyses. This abnormal fibrinogen has been designated as Fibrinogen Caracas V. The family study showed a convincing association between the mutation and thrombotic manifestations. The thrombotic tendency may be ascribed to lack of accelerating capacity of fibrin to induce fibrinolysis caused by an abnormal clot structure with thin fibres and reduced porosity.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Marchi
- Centro de Medicina Experimental, Laboratorio de Fisiopatología, Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Cientificas, IVIC, Caracas, Venezuela
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Abstract
Epidemiological studies have shown that the haemostatic parameters Fibrinogen (Fg), Factor VII (F VII), Factor VIII (F VIII), von Willebrand factor (vWF), Tissue Plasminogen Activator (t-PA), Plasminogen Activator Inhibitors (PAI) are risk factors/markers of ischemic cardiovascular disease. Ferritin (sFER) and Leukocytosis have also been implicated. In the present study we have followed the levels of fibrinogen, von Willebrand factor and thrombomodulin in relation to lipids, iron and the appearance of atherosclerotic lesions in New Zealand rabbits fed with a cholesterol enriched diet for a two-month period compared with a group of control rabbits. Hematocrit and white blood cell count (WBC) were measured in parallel. In hyperchlesterolemic rabbits the levels of fibrinogen and von Willebrand factor increased progressively, showing a positive correlation with the increasing cholesterol levels. There was an increase in soluble thrombomodulin beginning at the eighth week of study. In addition, these animals showed gross intimal atherosclerotic lesions in the whole extension of their aortas. Immunohistochemical studies showed the presence of fibrin(ogen) related antigen throughout the arterial wall and in the central portions of the atheromas. In the control group there was no formation of atherosclerotic plaques and all haemostatic, haematological and biochemical parameters were within the normal range. WBC and sFER levels were unaffected in both groups. Our results show that increased levels of fibrinogen and von Willebrand factor, known coronary risk factors, are strongly associated with the formation of atherosclerotic plaques in rabbits. The plaques contain a considerable amount of fibrinogen related antigen.
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Affiliation(s)
- L R Hernández
- Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas, Laboratorio de Fisiopatología, 1020 A, Caracas, Venezuela
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Hellström B, Lundberg U. Pain perception to the cold pressor test during the menstrual cycle in relation to estrogen levels and a comparison with men. Integr Physiol Behav Sci 2000; 35:132-41. [PMID: 11021338 DOI: 10.1007/bf02688772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Animal and human research has shown that pain sensitivity changes during the menstrual cycle. This has sometimes been ascribed to hormonal variations. The aim of the present study was to examine how perception of pain, induced by the cold pressor test to the dominant hand, was related to gender and phases of the menstrual cycle. A repeated-measures design was used, where twenty-two female students participated at two different phases of the menstrual cycle (days 2-4 and days 20-24). A control group of nineteen male students participated on two occasions, separated by a three week period. The cycle phase during which each woman began her participation was randomized. Pain was induced using the cold pressor test. Pain threshold was determined as the duration of time between when the subject first reported pain and exposure to the painful stimulus. Pain tolerance was determined as the duration of time until the subject withdraw her/his hand from the test water because the pain was too intensive. The results showed that men tolerated significantly greater pain than women. Women's pain threshold was significantly higher during the second phase of the menstrual cycle. Systolic pressure was higher in men than women, increasing more in men in response to cold pressor testing than women. Further research, including measurements of plasma hormone levels during the menstrual cycle, is needed to clarify the role played by estrogens in pain perception.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Hellström
- Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Sweden
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33
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Abstract
Conditions typical of many low-status jobs are known to induce elevated stress. In keeping with this, blue-collar workers show elevated psychophysiological stress levels both during and after work compared with workers in more stimulating and flexible jobs. Health-related behaviors, such as cigarette smoking and drug abuse, that are known to contribute to the social gradient in health, can be seen as ways of coping with a stressful work situation in order to get short-term relief. Negative emotional states associated with low-status jobs, combined with a lack of economic resources, are also likely to reduce the individual's motivation to seek proper medical treatment and, thus, increase the risk that transient symptoms develop into chronic illness. With regard to musculoskeletal disorders, it is well documented that physically monotonous or repetitive work is associated with an increase in neck, shoulder, and low back pain problems. However, recent studies also report an association between psychosocial factors and muscle pain syndromes. Possible mechanisms explaining these findings involve the assumption that psychological stress may induce sustained activation of small, low-threshold motor units that may lead to degenerative processes, damage, and pain. Analysis of short periods of very low muscular electrical activity (EMG gaps) shows that female workers with a high frequency of EMG gaps seem to have less risk of developing myalgia problems than do workers with fewer gaps. Stress induced by psychosocial conditions at work, which is usually more lasting than that resulting from physical demands, may prevent the individual from shutting off their physiological activation and reduces the time for rest and recovery. In the modern work environment, with strong emphasis on a high work pace, competitiveness, and efficiency, it is possible that lack of relaxation is an even more important health problem than is the absolute level of contraction or the frequency of muscular activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Lundberg
- Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Sweden.
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Lundberg U, Dohns IE, Melin B, Sandsjö L, Palmerud G, Kadefors R, Ekström M, Parr D. Psychophysiological stress responses, muscle tension, and neck and shoulder pain among supermarket cashiers. J Occup Health Psychol 1999. [PMID: 10431284 DOI: 10.1037//1076-8998.4.3.245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
This study examined psychological and physiological stress, as well as muscle tension and musculoskeletal symptoms, among 72 female supermarket cashiers. Stress levels were found to be significantly elevated at work, as reflected in the catecholamines, blood pressure, heart rate, electromyographic (EMG) activity, and self-reports. Fifty cashiers (70%) suffering from neck-shoulder pain (trapezius myalgia) were found to have higher EMG activity at work and reported more tension after work. Women who kept a diary for 1 week and reported more musculoskeletal pain (above the median) were older, had higher blood pressure, and reported more work stress and psychosomatic symptoms. The elevated stress levels at work are consistent with data from workers involved in other types of repetitive tasks and can be important for the high prevalence of neck and shoulder symptoms among the cashiers.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Lundberg
- Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Sweden.
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35
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Lundberg U, Dohns IE, Melin B, Sandsjö L, Palmerud G, Kadefors R, Ekström M, Parr D. Psychophysiological stress responses, muscle tension, and neck and shoulder pain among supermarket cashiers. J Occup Health Psychol 1999; 4:245-55. [PMID: 10431284 DOI: 10.1037/1076-8998.4.3.245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
This study examined psychological and physiological stress, as well as muscle tension and musculoskeletal symptoms, among 72 female supermarket cashiers. Stress levels were found to be significantly elevated at work, as reflected in the catecholamines, blood pressure, heart rate, electromyographic (EMG) activity, and self-reports. Fifty cashiers (70%) suffering from neck-shoulder pain (trapezius myalgia) were found to have higher EMG activity at work and reported more tension after work. Women who kept a diary for 1 week and reported more musculoskeletal pain (above the median) were older, had higher blood pressure, and reported more work stress and psychosomatic symptoms. The elevated stress levels at work are consistent with data from workers involved in other types of repetitive tasks and can be important for the high prevalence of neck and shoulder symptoms among the cashiers.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Lundberg
- Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Sweden.
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Abstract
Psychological and physiological stress responses related to work and family were investigated in 21 female and 21 male managers and professional specialists in high-ranking positions. The main result was that both women and men experienced their jobs as challenging and stimulating, although almost all data indicated a more favorable situation for men than for women. In addition, women were more stressed by their greater unpaid workload and by a greater responsibility for duties related to home and family. Women had higher norepinephrine levels than men did, both during and after work, which reflected their greater workload. Women with children at home had significantly higher norepinephrine levels after work than did the other participants. The possible long-term health consequences of women's higher stress levels are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Lundberg
- Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Sweden.
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Lundberg U, Vinatzer U, Berdnik D, von Gabain A, Baccarini M. Growth phase-regulated induction of Salmonella-induced macrophage apoptosis correlates with transient expression of SPI-1 genes. J Bacteriol 1999; 181:3433-7. [PMID: 10348855 PMCID: PMC93810 DOI: 10.1128/jb.181.11.3433-3437.1999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Invasive Salmonella has been reported to induce apoptosis in a fraction of infected macrophages within 2 to 14 h from the time of infection by a mechanism involving the type III secretion machinery encoded by the Salmonella pathogenicity island 1 (SPI-1). Here, we show that bacteria in the transition from logarithmic to stationary phase cause 90% of the macrophages to undergo phagocytosis-independent, caspase-mediated apoptosis within 30 to 60 min of infection. The ability of Salmonella to induce this rapid apoptosis was growth phase regulated and cell type restricted, with epithelial cells being resistant. Apoptosis induction was also abrogated by disruption of the hilA gene (encoding a regulator of SPI-1 genes) and by the expression of a constitutively active PhoPQ. hilA itself and a subset of SPI-1 genes were transiently expressed during aerobic growth in liquid medium. Interestingly, however, hilA was found to be required only for the expression of the prgH gene, while sipB, invA, and invF were expressed in a hilA-independent manner. The expression of SPI-1 genes and the secretion of invasion-associated proteins correlated temporally with the induction of apoptosis and are likely to represent its molecular basis. Thus, growth phase transition regulates the expression and secretion of virulence determinants and represents the most efficient environmental cue for apoptosis induction reported to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Lundberg
- Institute of Microbiology and Genetics, Vienna Biocenter, University of Vienna, A-1030 Vienna, Austria
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Abstract
Psychological and physiological stress responses related to work and family were investigated in 21 female and 21 male managers and professional specialists in high-ranking positions. The main result was that both women and men experienced their jobs as challenging and stimulating, although almost all data indicated a more favorable situation for men than for women. In addition, women were more stressed by their greater unpaid workload and by a greater responsibility for duties related to home and family. Women had higher norepinephrine levels than men did, both during and after work, which reflected their greater workload. Women with children at home had significantly higher norepinephrine levels after work than did the other participants. The possible long-term health consequences of women's higher stress levels are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Lundberg
- Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Sweden.
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Marchi R, Lundberg U, de Bosch NB, Arocha-Piñango CL. Fibrinogen Caracas I: a dysfibrinogenemia with a hemorrhagic diathesis associated with diminished fibrin fiber diameter and reduced fibrin gel porosity. Blood Coagul Fibrinolysis 1998; 9:733-9. [PMID: 9890716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Fibrinogen Caracas I is a dysfibrinogenemia with a mild bleeding diathesis and a defective wound healing. We have characterized this abnormal fibrinogen using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) in combination with turbidity and permeation studies. Turbidometric and permeability analysis showed that the abnormal fibrin had a significantly decreased mass:length ratio and fiber diameter. In addition, the permeability studies of plasma fibrin clots showed that the gel porosity of the abnormal fibrinogen was reduced. Images of the abnormal fibrin structure obtained using TEM showed that the fibers were thinner, much less branched and less ordered than normal fibers. Diminished fibrin fiber diameter and reduced fibrin gel porosity have been taken as hallmarks of thrombophilic dysfibrinogenemias. The results of the present study show that these features are not necessarily predictive of thrombophilia. Further studies performed on a larger number of dysfibrinogenemias need to be conducted in order to establish the implications of these parameters on the clinical outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Marchi
- Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas, Caracas, Venezuela
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Grossi G, Ahs A, Lundberg U. Psychological correlates of salivary cortisol secretion among unemployed men and women. Integr Physiol Behav Sci 1998; 33:249-63. [PMID: 9829437 DOI: 10.1007/bf02688666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to examine the association between psychological factors and salivary cortisol secretion (baseline level, reactivity to laboratory stressors) in a sample of 59 long-term unemployed men and women (mean age 42+/-10 years). Subjects were divided into four groups according to their basal levels of salivary cortisol as well as their reactivity to experimental stress (stress level minus baseline): (1) low base/ low reactivity; (2) high base/low reactivity; (3) low base/high reactivity; and (4) high base/ high reactivity. The low base/low reactivity group was characterized by significantly higher somatic anxiety, muscular tension, irritability, and depression (Beck's Depression Inventory) and lower perceived control (mastery) than the other groups. The low base/high reactivity group was also characterized by depression and low perceived control. The high base/low reactivity group was higher in terms of monotony avoidance, Type-A behavior (JAS) and mastery, but lower in depression. The results indicate that (1) individuals with personality traits reflecting emotional distress are more vulnerable to exhaustion of the HPA-axis following long-term unemployment and (2) monotony avoidance and Type-A behavior, at least temporarily, seem to exert a beneficial influence on mental well-being among long-term unemployed individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Grossi
- Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
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Abstract
Female labor force participation has increased considerably, but women's traditional responsibility for home and family has not changed accordingly. Although women's employment per se does not seem to have negative health consequences, studies show that stress from role conflicts and work overload is reflected in women's elevated psychophysiological arousal not only at work but also off work, which may induce psychosomatic symptoms (e.g., cardiovascular and musculoskeletal disorders). In addition, multiple role demands reduce women's possibilities to make a professional career on the same terms as men. Data emphasize the need for a new allocation of work functions between the sexes and the need for organizational changes leading to more influence and control over work to make it possible for both men and women to combine a qualified job with a meaningful family life.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Lundberg
- Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Sweden.
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Abstract
Female labor force participation has increased considerably, but women's traditional responsibility for home and family has not changed accordingly. Although women's employment per se does not seem to have negative health consequences, studies show that stress from role conflicts and work overload is reflected in women's elevated psychophysiological arousal not only at work but also off work, which may induce psychosomatic symptoms (e.g., cardiovascular and musculoskeletal disorders). In addition, multiple role demands reduce women's possibilities to make a professional career on the same terms as men. Data emphasize the need for a new allocation of work functions between the sexes and the need for organizational changes leading to more influence and control over work to make it possible for both men and women to combine a qualified job with a meaningful family life.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Lundberg
- Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Sweden.
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Abstract
RNAs from tissues of patients with Crohn's disease that migrate off the diagonal in a two-dimensional gel electrophoresis system were partially characterized. One of the RNA species was a discrete cleavage product of region V2-9 of 28S rRNA; another is a conformer or variant of 5.8S rRNA; and a third is a mixture of unidentified fragments with mobility similar to that of 7S RNA. The yield of these species from resected tissue and their visualization by silver staining was very sensitive to the details of the preparative procedure. No evidence of viroid-like RNA was found within the range of molecular sizes (< 7S) that we examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Lundberg
- Department of Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
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Lundberg U, Altman S. Processing of the precursor to the catalytic RNA subunit of RNase P from Escherichia coli. RNA 1995; 1:327-334. [PMID: 7489504 PMCID: PMC1369085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
M1 RNA, the catalytic subunit of RNase P from Escherichia coli, is transcribed in vivo as a precursor with extra nucleotides at the 3' end. Although it was suggested previously that RNase E is not responsible for the 3' processing of M1 RNA, we show that RNase E is the enzyme responsible for this reaction. At nonpermissive temperatures, the 3' processing of M1 RNA is abolished in a temperature-sensitive strain of E. coli that harbors a mutation in the gene for RNase E. Enhanced processing of M1 RNA is correlated with the overproduction of RNase E in vivo and processing is also correlated with the activity of this enzyme during the course of its purification. The biosynthesis of mature M1 RNA can proceed from transcripts that are produced under the control of a proximal promoter, as well as from a distal, upstream promoter. Transcription from the distal promoter results in a polycistronic transcript that includes four open reading frames and the transcript of rnpB, the gene coding for M1 RNA. The enzymatic activity that removes the 5' nucleotides from the precursor to M1 RNA is not due to RNase E, RNase P, or RNase III alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Lundberg
- Department of Biology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
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Lundberg U. Methods and applications of stress research. Technol Health Care 1995; 3:3-9. [PMID: 7767685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The major health problems in the industrialized countries have a multifactorial etiology, where stress and other psychosocial factors seem to play an important role. Mental stress is not only induced by high demands, but also by demands that are too low, which happens in many repetitive and monotonous work situations and, e.g., in response to unemployment. For a long time, musculoskeletal disorders were mainly considered to be caused by physical conditions. However, accumulating evidence from several sources now indicate that psychosocial factors are also significantly associated with, e.g., back pain and shoulder problems. Studies of assembly line workers with a high incidence of back pain complaints indicate that the physical load on the spine at work is low, whereas psychophysiological stress levels are high and work satisfaction is low. Female assembly workers were found to have higher physiological arousal than men in traditional assembly line work, whereas their stress levels were lower in a more flexible and autonomous work organisation. In a recent laboratory experiment, both mental and physical stress was found to increase physiological stress levels and muscular tension. It was concluded, that data consistently support the assumption that mental stress is of importance for the development of musculoskeletal symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Lundberg
- Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Sweden
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Stienstra R, Jonker TA, Bourdrez P, Kuijpers JC, van Kleef JW, Lundberg U. Ropivacaine 0.25% versus bupivacaine 0.25% for continuous epidural analgesia in labor: a double-blind comparison. Anesth Analg 1995; 80:285-9. [PMID: 7818114 DOI: 10.1097/00000539-199502000-00014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
We compared the effects of continuous epidural infusion of ropivacaine 0.25% with bupivacaine 0.25% on pain relief and motor block during labor, and on the neonate. Seventy-six full-term parturients in active labor requiring epidural analgesia were randomly allocated to receive either bupivacaine 0.25% or ropivacaine 0.25%. Fifteen minutes after a loading dose of 10 mL of the study drug, an epidural infusion with the same drug was started at 6-12 mL/h to maintain an adequate block. Top-up doses of 6-10 mL were given as required. At full cervical dilation, the epidural infusion was discontinued. The onset of pain relief (verbal scale), contraction pain (visual analog scale), intensity of motor block (modified Bromage scale), and duration of motor block were not statistically different between the groups. Apgar scores at 1 and 5 min after delivery were comparable. There was a higher proportion of the neonates in the ropivacaine group (26/31 = 84%) who had a neurologic and adaptive capacity score (NACS) > or = 35 2 h after delivery than in the bupivacaine group (18/29 = 62%). We conclude that ropivacaine 0.25% and bupivacaine 0.25% are equally effective for epidural pain relief during labor. Ropivacaine may have an advantage over bupivacaine regarding neonatal neurobehavioral performance during the first few hours after delivery, although further studies will be required to substantiate this.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Stienstra
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Leiden, The Netherlands
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Lundberg U, Mårdberg B, Frankenhaeuser M. The total workload of male and female white collar workers as related to age, occupational level, and number of children. Scand J Psychol 1994; 35:315-27. [PMID: 7809584 DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-9450.1994.tb00956.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 176] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
A questionnaire assessing various aspects of paid as well as unpaid forms of productive activity was mailed to stratified samples of male and female white collar workers, approximately matched for educational and occupational level. Data from 501 men and 679 women employed full time revealed traditional gender differences in terms of main responsibility for household duties, child care etc. In keeping with this, women reported higher levels of work overload, stress and conflict than men, which increased significantly with the number of children at home. The various stress indices reached a peak between the ages of 35 and 39. Men reported more autonomy in their paid work whereas women reported more control at home. Men and women at the upper managerial levels reported more control over their total work situation and less conflict between demands.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Lundberg
- Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Sweden
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Lundberg U, Kadefors R, Melin B, Palmerud G, Hassmen P, Engstrom M, Dohns IE. Psychophysiological stress and emg activity of the trapezius muscle. Int J Behav Med 1994; 1:354-70. [PMID: 16250795 DOI: 10.1207/s15327558ijbm0104_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Although it is generally assumed that mental stress induces muscular tension, the experimental data have, so far, been inconclusive. Likely explanations for these inconsistent findings are (a) too small subject samples in some experiments, (b) the use of only one type of stress stimulation, and (c) the lack of objective (physiological) measurements documenting the stress-inducing properties of the experimental treatment. Furthermore. the effect of mental stress and physical load separately, versus the combined influence of physical and mental load on muscular tension, has not been investigated earlier. Therefore, the aim o f the present experiment was lo examine the effects of mental stress as well as of physical load, separately and in combination, on perceived stress, physiological stress responses, and on muscular tension as reflected in electromyographical (EMG) activity of the trapezius muscle. Sixty two female subjects were individually exposed to mental arithmetic, the Stroop color word test (CWT), the cold pressor test, standardized test contractions (TCs), and the CWT combined with a TC. Compared to baseline, the stress session induced significant increases in systolic and diastolic blood pressure, heart rate, urinary catecholamines, salivary cortisol, and self-reported stress. Each of the two mental stress tests induced a significant increase in EMG activity. The CWT caused a rise in EMG activity also during the TC, which was significantly more pronounced than the increase induced by the CWT alone. Blood pressure responses and self-reported stress followed the same pattern as the EMG activity. The results are consistent with the assumption that psychological stress plays a role in musculoskeletal disorders by increasing muscular tension both in low-load work situations and in the absence of physical load. It is also indicated that the stress-induced increase in muscular tension is accentuated on top of a physical load.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Lundberg
- Division of Biological Psychology, Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Sweden
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Abstract
Thirty boys and 30 girls at nine day-care centers were examined at the mean age of 3.5 and 5.5 with regard to systolic and diastolic blood pressure, heart rate and neuroendocrine activity (urinary catecholamines and cortisol) during a day at their day-care center and in their home, respectively. Compared to home levels, day-care was associated with increased heart rate, epinephrine and norepinephrine excretion and decreased cortisol levels. Systolic blood pressure decreased at the day-care centers at the age of 3.5 and increased at the age of 5.5. No significant sex differences were found. The possible role of mental and physical arousal and the dissociation between the sympathetic-adrenal medullary and the pituitary-adrenal cortical responses are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Lundberg
- Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Sweden
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