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Abrahão A, Marhan S, Boeddinghaus RS, Nawaz A, Wubet T, Hölzel N, Klaus VH, Kleinebecker T, Freitag M, Hamer U, Oliveira RS, Lambers H, Kandeler E. Microbial drivers of plant richness and productivity in a grassland restoration experiment along a gradient of land-use intensity. New Phytol 2022; 236:1936-1950. [PMID: 36128644 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Plant-soil feedbacks (PSFs) underlying grassland plant richness and productivity are typically coupled with nutrient availability; however, we lack understanding of how restoration measures to increase plant diversity might affect PSFs. We examined the roles of sward disturbance, seed addition and land-use intensity (LUI) on PSFs. We conducted a disturbance and seed addition experiment in 10 grasslands along a LUI gradient and characterized plant biomass and richness, soil microbial biomass, community composition and enzyme activities. Greater plant biomass at high LUI was related to a decrease in the fungal to bacterial ratios, indicating highly productive grasslands to be dominated by bacteria. Lower enzyme activity per microbial biomass at high plant species richness indicated a slower carbon (C) cycling. The relative abundance of fungal saprotrophs decreased, while pathogens increased with LUI and disturbance. Both fungal guilds were negatively associated with plant richness, indicating the mechanisms underlying PSFs depended on LUI. We show that LUI and disturbance affect fungal functional composition, which may feedback on plant species richness by impeding the establishment of pathogen-sensitive species. Therefore, we highlight the need to integrate LUI including its effects on PSFs when planning for practices that aim to optimize plant diversity and productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Abrahão
- Department of Soil Biology, Institute of Soil Science and Land Evaluation, University of Hohenheim, 70599, Stuttgart, Germany
- Department of Biology, Science Center, Federal University of Ceará - UFC, Fortaleza, CE, 60440-900, Brazil
| | - Sven Marhan
- Department of Soil Biology, Institute of Soil Science and Land Evaluation, University of Hohenheim, 70599, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Runa S Boeddinghaus
- Department of Soil Biology, Institute of Soil Science and Land Evaluation, University of Hohenheim, 70599, Stuttgart, Germany
- Landwirtschaftliches Technologiezentrum Augustenberg, 76227, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Ali Nawaz
- Department of Community Ecology, UFZ - Helmholtz Center for Environmental Research, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
- Department of Civil, Geo and Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Munich, Am Coulombwall 3, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Tesfaye Wubet
- Department of Community Ecology, UFZ - Helmholtz Center for Environmental Research, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
- German Center for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5e, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Norbert Hölzel
- Institute of Landscape Ecology, University of Münster, Heisenbergstr. 2, D-48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Valentin H Klaus
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences, ETH Zürich, Universitätstr. 2, 8092, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Till Kleinebecker
- Institute of Landscape Ecology and Resources Management, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, D-35392, Gießen, Germany
- Center for International Development and Environmental Research (ZEU), Justus Liebig University Giessen, Senckenbergstrasse 3, 35390, Giessen, Germany
| | - Martin Freitag
- Institute of Landscape Ecology, University of Münster, Heisenbergstr. 2, D-48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Ute Hamer
- Institute of Landscape Ecology, University of Münster, Heisenbergstr. 2, D-48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Rafael S Oliveira
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, 13083-970, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Hans Lambers
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Ellen Kandeler
- Department of Soil Biology, Institute of Soil Science and Land Evaluation, University of Hohenheim, 70599, Stuttgart, Germany
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Meyer UN, Tischer A, Freitag M, Klaus VH, Kleinebecker T, Oelmann Y, Kandeler E, Hölzel N, Hamer U. Enzyme kinetics inform about mechanistic changes in tea litter decomposition across gradients in land-use intensity in Central German grasslands. Sci Total Environ 2022; 836:155748. [PMID: 35526633 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Grassland ecosystems provide important ecosystem services such as nutrient cycling and primary production that are affected by land-use intensity. To assess the effects of land-use intensity, operational and sensitive ecological indicators that integrate effects of grassland management on ecosystem processes such as organic matter turnover are needed. Here, we investigated the suitability of measuring the mass loss of standardized tea litter together with extracellular enzyme kinetics as a proxy of litter decomposition in the topsoil of grasslands along a well-defined land-use intensity gradient (fertilization, mowing, grazing) in Central Germany. Tea bags containing either green tea (high-quality litter) or rooibos tea (low-quality litter) were buried in 5 cm soil depth. Litter mass loss was measured after three (early-stage decomposition) and 12 months (mid-stage decomposition). Based on the fluorescence measurement of the reaction product 4-methylumbelliferone, Michaelis-Menten enzyme kinetics (Vmax: potential maximum rate of activity; Km: substrate affinity) of five hydrolases involved in the carbon (C)-, nitrogen (N)- and phosphorus (P)-cycle (β-glucosidase (BG), cellobiohydrolase (CBH), cellotriohydrolase (CTH), 1,4-β-N-acetylglucosaminidase (NAG), and phosphatase (PH)) were determined in tea litter bags and in the surrounding soil. The land-use intensity index (LUI), summarizing fertilization, mowing, grazing, and in particular the frequency of mowing were identified as important drivers of early-stage tea litter decomposition. Mid-stage decomposition was influenced by grazing intensity. The higher the potential activity of all measured C-, N- and P-targeting enzymes, the higher was the decomposition of both tea litters in the early-phase. During mid-stage decomposition, individual enzyme parameters (Vmax of CTH and PH, Km of CBH) became more important. The tea bag method proved to be a suitable indicator which allows an easy and cost-effective assessment of land-use intensity effects on decay processes in manged grasslands. In combination with enzyme kinetics it is an appealing approach to identify mechanisms driving litter break down.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulf-Niklas Meyer
- Institute of Landscape Ecology, University of Münster, Heisenbergstraße 2, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Alexander Tischer
- Department of Soil Science, Friedrich-Schiller University Jena, Löbdergraben 32, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Martin Freitag
- Institute of Landscape Ecology, University of Münster, Heisenbergstraße 2, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Valentin H Klaus
- Insitute of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zürich, Universitätstrasse 2, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Till Kleinebecker
- Institute for Landscape Ecology and Resource Management, Giessen University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, 35392 Gießen, Germany
| | - Yvonne Oelmann
- Geoecology, Department of Geosciences, University of Tübingen, Rümelinstr. 19-23, 72070 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ellen Kandeler
- Institute of Soil Science and Land Evaluation, Department of Soil Biology, University of Hohenheim, Emil Wolff Str. 27, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Norbert Hölzel
- Institute of Landscape Ecology, University of Münster, Heisenbergstraße 2, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Ute Hamer
- Institute of Landscape Ecology, University of Münster, Heisenbergstraße 2, 48149 Münster, Germany.
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Muskus AM, Miltner A, Hamer U, Nowak KM. Microbial community composition and glyphosate degraders of two soils under the influence of temperature, total organic carbon and pH. Environ Pollut 2022; 297:118790. [PMID: 35016983 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.118790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Glyphosate can be degraded by soil microorganisms rapidly and is impacted by temperature and soil properties. Enhanced temperature and total organic carbon (TOC) as well as reduced pH increased the rate of 13C315N-glyphosate conversion to CO2 and biogenic non-extractable residues (bioNERs) in a Haplic Chernozem (Muskus et al., 2019) and in a Humic Cambisol (Muskus et al., 2020). To date; however, the combined effect of temperature and TOC or pH on microbial community composition and glyphosate degraders in these two soils has not been investigated. Phospholipid fatty acid [PLFA] biomarker analysis combined with 13C labeling was employed to investigate the effect of two soil properties (pH, TOC) and of three temperatures (10 °C, 20 °C, 30 °C) on soil microorganisms. Before incubation, the properties of a Haplic Chernozem and a Humic Cambisol were adjusted to obtain five treatments: (a) Control (Haplic Chernozem: 2.1% TOC and pH 6.6; Humic Cambisol: 3% TOC and pH 7.0), (b) 3% TOC (Haplic Chernozem) or 4% TOC (Humic Cambisol), (c) 4% TOC (Haplic Chernozem) or 5% TOC (Humic Cambisol), (d) pH 6.0 (Haplic Chernozem) or pH 6.5 (Humic Cambisol), and (e) pH 5.5 for both soils. All treatments were amended with 50 mg kg-1 glyphosate and incubated at 10 °C, 20 °C or 30 °C. We observed an increase in respiration, microbial biomass and glyphosate mineralization with incubation temperature. Although respiration and microbial biomass in the Humic Cambisol was higher, the microorganisms in the Haplic Chernozem were more active in glyphosate degradation. Increased TOC shifted the microbiome and the 13C-glyphosate degraders towards Gram-positive bacteria in both soils. However, the abundance of 13C-PLFAs indicative for the starvation of Gram-negative bacteria increased with increasing TOC or decreasing pH at higher temperatures. Gram-negative bacteria thus may have been involved in earlier stages of glyphosate degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelica M Muskus
- UFZ - Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research, Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Permoserstr. 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany; Institute of Landscape Ecology, University of Münster, Heisenbergstr. 2, 48149, Münster, Germany; Pontifical Bolivarian University, Environmental Engineering Faculty, Km 7 Vía Piedecuesta, Bucaramanga, Colombia
| | - Anja Miltner
- UFZ - Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research, Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Permoserstr. 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ute Hamer
- Institute of Landscape Ecology, University of Münster, Heisenbergstr. 2, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Karolina M Nowak
- UFZ - Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research, Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Permoserstr. 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany.
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Freitag M, Klaus VH, Bolliger R, Hamer U, Kleinebecker T, Prati D, Schäfer D, Hölzel N. Restoration of plant diversity in permanent grassland by seeding: Assessing the limiting factors along land‐use gradients. J Appl Ecol 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.13883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Freitag
- Institute of Landscape Ecology University of Münster Münster Germany
| | | | - Ralph Bolliger
- Institute of Plant Sciences University of Bern Bern Switzerland
| | - Ute Hamer
- Institute of Landscape Ecology University of Münster Münster Germany
| | - Till Kleinebecker
- Department of Landscape Ecology and Resource Management Justus Liebig University Gießen Gießen Germany
| | - Daniel Prati
- Institute of Plant Sciences University of Bern Bern Switzerland
| | | | - Norbert Hölzel
- Institute of Landscape Ecology University of Münster Münster Germany
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Hamer U, Meyer MUT, Meyer UN, Radermacher A, Götze P, Koch HJ, Scherber C. Soil microbial biomass and enzyme kinetics for the assessment of temporal diversification in agroecosystems. Basic Appl Ecol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.baae.2021.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Klaus VH, Friedritz L, Hamer U, Kleinebecker T. Drought boosts risk of nitrate leaching from grassland fertilisation. Sci Total Environ 2020; 726:137877. [PMID: 32481225 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Both climate change and agricultural intensification are drivers of global nutrient cycles and biodiversity loss. A potentially great environmental threat can arise when these two drivers interact, for example, when farmers try to compensate reduced soil nutrient availability due to drought by the application of liquid organic fertiliser. As dry soils don't hold back nutrients very well, this approach can lead to nitrate leaching and potentially also to the pollution of drinking water. However, little is known about leaching from dry but fertilised grassland soil, and how this is affected by land use intensity and plant diversity. In this mesocosm study, we transferred 60 grassland sods differing in past land use intensity to a greenhouse and treated them with severe drought, fertilisation and both together. Drought was induced by almost entirely stopping irrigation for seven weeks. Fertilisation was done by three applications of slurry summing up to 168 kg total nitrogen per hectare (111 kg NH4-N). We assessed nutrient leaching risk with ion-exchange resin (IER) bags installed in the soil of all mesocosms. IER bags were retrieved after drought and extracts were analysed for concentrations of nitrate, ammonium, phosphate and potassium. Fertilisation partially buffered drought-induced losses in yield. However, the interaction of fertilisation and drought resulted in a drastic increase in nitrate leaching risk when soils are rewetted (>300%), while neither drought nor fertilisation alone were significant. Ammonium concentrations followed the same trend as nitrate, but less pronounced. Phosphate and potassium concentrations were not affected by the treatments. Past land use was hardly related to soil nutrient concentrations, rather was plant diversity. However, results indicate that plant diversity was not driving nitrate and ammonium concentrations under drought and/or fertilisation. This study reveals grassland fertilisation during drought to be a severe environmental problem due to significantly increased nitrate leaching risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentin H Klaus
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences, ETH Zürich, Universitätstr, 2, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland; Institute of Landscape Ecology, University of Münster, Heisenbergstr, 2, 48149 Münster, Germany.
| | - Lennart Friedritz
- Institute of Landscape Ecology, University of Münster, Heisenbergstr, 2, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Ute Hamer
- Institute of Landscape Ecology, University of Münster, Heisenbergstr, 2, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Till Kleinebecker
- Institute of Landscape Ecology, University of Münster, Heisenbergstr, 2, 48149 Münster, Germany; Institute of Landscape Ecology and Resource Management, University of Gießen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, 35392 Gießen, Germany
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Muskus AM, Krauss M, Miltner A, Hamer U, Nowak KM. Degradation of glyphosate in a Colombian soil is influenced by temperature, total organic carbon content and pH. Environ Pollut 2020; 259:113767. [PMID: 31887598 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Glyphosate is one of the most used herbicides in the world. The fate of glyphosate in tropical soils may be different from that in soils from temperate regions. In particular, the amounts and types of non-extractable residues (NER) may differ considerably, resulting in different relative contributions of xenoNER (sorbed and sequestered parent compound) and bioNER (biomass residues of degraders). In addition, environmental conditions and agricultural practices leading to total organic carbon (TOC) or pH variation can alter the degradation of glyphosate. The aim of this study is thus to investigate how the glyphosate degradation and turnover are influenced by varying temperature, pH and TOC of sandy loam soil from Colombia. The pH or TOC of a Colombian soil was modified to yield five treatments: control (pH 7.0, TOC 3%), 4% TOC, 5% TOC, pH 6.5, and pH 5.5. Each treatment received 50 mg kg-1 of 13C315N-glyphosate and was incubated at 10 °C, 20 °C and 30 °C for 40 days. Rising temperature increased the mineralization of 13C315N-glyphosate from 13 to 20% (10 °C) to 32-39% (20 °C) and 41-51% (30 °C) and decreased the amounts of extractable 13C315N-glyphosate after 40 days of incubation from 13 to 26% (10 °C) to 4.6-12% (20 °C) and 1.2-3.2% (30 °C). Extractable 13C315N-glyphosate increased with higher TOC and higher pH. Total 13C-NER were similar in all treatments and at all temperatures (47%-60%), indicating that none of the factors studied affected the amount of total 13C-NER. However, 13C-bioNER dominated within the 13C-NER pool in the control and the 4% TOC treatment (76-88% of total 13C-NER at 20 °C and 30 °C), whereas in soil with 5% TOC and pH 6.5 or 5.5 13C-bioNER were lower (47-61% at 20 °C and 30 °C). In contrast, the 15N-bioNER pool was small (between 14 and 39% of the 15N-NER). Thus, more than 60% of 15N-NER is potentially hazardous xenobiotic NER which need careful attention in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelica M Muskus
- UFZ - Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research, Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Permoserstr. 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany; Institute of Landscape Ecology, University of Münster, Heisenbergstr. 2, 48149, Münster, Germany; Pontifical Bolivarian University, Environmental Engineering Faculty, Km 7 Vía Piedecuesta, Bucaramanga, Colombia
| | - Martin Krauss
- UFZ - Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research, Department of Effect-Directed Analysis, Permoserstr. 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Anja Miltner
- UFZ - Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research, Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Permoserstr. 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ute Hamer
- Institute of Landscape Ecology, University of Münster, Heisenbergstr. 2, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Karolina M Nowak
- Chair of Geobiotechnology, Technische Universität Berlin, Ackerstraße 76, 13355, Berlin, Germany.
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Knoke T, Paul C, Rammig A, Gosling E, Hildebrandt P, Härtl F, Peters T, Richter M, Diertl KH, Castro LM, Calvas B, Ochoa S, Valle-Carrión LA, Hamer U, Tischer A, Potthast K, Windhorst D, Homeier J, Wilcke W, Velescu A, Gerique A, Pohle P, Adams J, Breuer L, Mosandl R, Beck E, Weber M, Stimm B, Silva B, Verburg PH, Bendix J. Accounting for multiple ecosystem services in a simulation of land-use decisions: Does it reduce tropical deforestation? Glob Chang Biol 2020; 26:2403-2420. [PMID: 31957121 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.15003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Revised: 12/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Conversion of tropical forests is among the primary causes of global environmental change. The loss of their important environmental services has prompted calls to integrate ecosystem services (ES) in addition to socio-economic objectives in decision-making. To test the effect of accounting for both ES and socio-economic objectives in land-use decisions, we develop a new dynamic approach to model deforestation scenarios for tropical mountain forests. We integrate multi-objective optimization of land allocation with an innovative approach to consider uncertainty spaces for each objective. These uncertainty spaces account for potential variability among decision-makers, who may have different expectations about the future. When optimizing only socio-economic objectives, the model continues the past trend in deforestation (1975-2015) in the projected land-use allocation (2015-2070). Based on indicators for biomass production, carbon storage, climate and water regulation, and soil quality, we show that considering multiple ES in addition to the socio-economic objectives has heterogeneous effects on land-use allocation. It saves some natural forest if the natural forest share is below 38%, and can stop deforestation once the natural forest share drops below 10%. For landscapes with high shares of forest (38%-80% in our study), accounting for multiple ES under high uncertainty of their indicators may, however, accelerate deforestation. For such multifunctional landscapes, two main effects prevail: (a) accelerated expansion of diversified non-natural areas to elevate the levels of the indicators and (b) increased landscape diversification to maintain multiple ES, reducing the proportion of natural forest. Only when accounting for vascular plant species richness as an explicit objective in the optimization, deforestation was consistently reduced. Aiming for multifunctional landscapes may therefore conflict with the aim of reducing deforestation, which we can quantify here for the first time. Our findings are relevant for identifying types of landscapes where this conflict may arise and to better align respective policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Knoke
- Institute of Forest Management, TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Carola Paul
- Institute of Forest Management, TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
- Department of Forest Economics and Sustainable Land-use Planning, Georg-August University Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Anja Rammig
- Professorship for Land Surface-Atmosphere Interactions, TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Elizabeth Gosling
- Institute of Forest Management, TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Patrick Hildebrandt
- Institute of Forest Management, TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
- Institute of Silviculture, TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Fabian Härtl
- Institute of Forest Management, TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Thorsten Peters
- Institute of Geography, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Michael Richter
- Institute of Geography, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Karl-Heinz Diertl
- Institute of Geography, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Luz Maria Castro
- Institute of Forest Management, TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
- Department of Economics, Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja, Loja, Ecuador
| | - Baltazar Calvas
- Institute of Forest Management, TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
- Department of Economics, Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja, Loja, Ecuador
- Facultad de Ciencias Pecuarias, Universidad Técnica Estatal de Quevedo, Quevedo, Ecuador
| | - Santiago Ochoa
- Institute of Forest Management, TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
- Department of Economics, Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja, Loja, Ecuador
| | - Liz Anabelle Valle-Carrión
- Institute of Forest Management, TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
- Department of Economics, Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja, Loja, Ecuador
| | - Ute Hamer
- Institute of Landscape Ecology, University of Muenster, Münster, Germany
| | - Alexander Tischer
- Institute of Geography, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Karin Potthast
- Institute of Geography, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - David Windhorst
- Institute for Landscape Ecology and Resources Management, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Jürgen Homeier
- Plant Ecology and Ecosystems Research, University of Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Wilcke
- Institute of Geography and Geoecology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Andre Velescu
- Institute of Geography and Geoecology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Andres Gerique
- Institute of Geography, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Perdita Pohle
- Institute of Geography, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Julia Adams
- Department of Plant Physiology and Bayreuth Centre of Ecology and Environmental Research, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Lutz Breuer
- Institute for Landscape Ecology and Resources Management, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
- Centre for International Development and Environmental Research (ZEU), Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Reinhard Mosandl
- Institute of Silviculture, TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Erwin Beck
- Department of Plant Physiology and Bayreuth Centre of Ecology and Environmental Research, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Michael Weber
- Institute of Silviculture, TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Bernd Stimm
- Institute of Silviculture, TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Brenner Silva
- Laboratory for Climatology and Remote Sensing (LCRS), Faculty of Geography, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Peter H Verburg
- Department of Environmental Geography, Institute for Environmental Studies, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jörg Bendix
- Laboratory for Climatology and Remote Sensing (LCRS), Faculty of Geography, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
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Muskus AM, Krauss M, Miltner A, Hamer U, Nowak KM. Effect of temperature, pH and total organic carbon variations on microbial turnover of 13C 315N-glyphosate in agricultural soil. Sci Total Environ 2019; 658:697-707. [PMID: 30580222 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.12.195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2018] [Revised: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Glyphosate is the best-selling and the most-used broad-spectrum herbicide worldwide. Microbial conversion of glyphosate to CO2 and biogenic non-extractable residues (bioNER) leads to its complete degradation. The degradation of glyphosate may vary in different soils and it depends on environmental conditions and soil properties. To date, the influence of temperature, soil pH and total organic carbon (TOC) on microbial conversion of glyphosate to bioNER has not been investigated yet. The pH or TOC of an agricultural original soil (pH 6.6, TOC 2.1%) was modified using sulfuric acid or farmyard manure (FYM), respectively. Each treatment: original (I), 3% TOC (II), 4% TOC (III), pH 6.0 (IV) and pH 5.5 (V) was amended with 13C315N-glyphosate and incubated at 10 °C, 20 °C and 30 °C for 39 days. The temperature was the main factor controlling the mineralization and the extractable 13C315N-glyphosate, whereas higher TOC content and lower pH resulted in enhanced formation of 13C-bioNER. After 39 days the cumulative mineralization of 13C-glyphosate was in the range of 12-22% (10 °C), 37-47% (20 °C) and 43-54% (30 °C). Extractable residues of 13C-glyphosate were in the range of 10-21% (10 °C) and 4-10% (20 °C and 30 °C); whereas those of 15N-glyphosate were as follows 20-32% (10 °C) and 12-25% (20 °C and 30 °C). The 13C-NER comprised about 53-69% of 13C-mass balance in soils incubated at 10 °C, but 40-50% in soils incubated at 20 °C and 30 °C. The 15N-NER were higher than the 13C-NER and varied between 62% and 74% at 10 °C, between 53% and 81% at 20 °C and 30 °C. A major formation of 13C-bioNER (72-88% of 13C-NER) at 20 °C and 30 °C was noted in soil amended with FYM. An increased formation of 15N-bioNER (14-17% of 15N-NER) was also observed in FYM-amended soil. The xenobiotic 15N-NER had a major share within the 15N-NER and thus need to be considered when assessing the environmental risk of glyphosate-NER.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelica M Muskus
- Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany; Institute of Landscape Ecology, University of Münster, Heisenbergstr. 2, 48149 Münster, Germany; Pontifical Bolivarian University, Environmental Engineering Faculty, Km 7 Vía Piedecuesta, Bucaramanga, Colombia
| | - Martin Krauss
- Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department of Effect-Directed Analysis, Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Anja Miltner
- Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ute Hamer
- Institute of Landscape Ecology, University of Münster, Heisenbergstr. 2, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Karolina M Nowak
- Chair of Geobiotechnology, Technische Universität Berlin, Ackerstraße 76, 13355 Berlin, Germany.
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10
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Klaus VH, Hoever CJ, Fischer M, Hamer U, Kleinebecker T, Mertens D, Schäfer D, Prati D, Hölzel N. Contribution of the soil seed bank to the restoration of temperate grasslands by mechanical sward disturbance. Restor Ecol 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/rec.12626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Valentin H. Klaus
- Institute of Landscape Ecology; University of Münster, Heisenbergstr. 2, 48149 Münster; Germany
| | - Christina J. Hoever
- Institute of Landscape Ecology; University of Münster, Heisenbergstr. 2, 48149 Münster; Germany
| | - Markus Fischer
- Institute of Plant Sciences; University of Bern, Altenbergrain 21, 3013; Bern Switzerland
| | - Ute Hamer
- Institute of Landscape Ecology; University of Münster, Heisenbergstr. 2, 48149 Münster; Germany
| | - Till Kleinebecker
- Institute of Landscape Ecology; University of Münster, Heisenbergstr. 2, 48149 Münster; Germany
| | - Désirée Mertens
- Institute of Landscape Ecology; University of Münster, Heisenbergstr. 2, 48149 Münster; Germany
| | - Deborah Schäfer
- Institute of Plant Sciences; University of Bern, Altenbergrain 21, 3013; Bern Switzerland
| | - Daniel Prati
- Institute of Plant Sciences; University of Bern, Altenbergrain 21, 3013; Bern Switzerland
| | - Norbert Hölzel
- Institute of Landscape Ecology; University of Münster, Heisenbergstr. 2, 48149 Münster; Germany
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11
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Knoke T, Paul C, Hildebrandt P, Calvas B, Castro LM, Härtl F, Döllerer M, Hamer U, Windhorst D, Wiersma YF, Curatola Fernández GF, Obermeier WA, Adams J, Breuer L, Mosandl R, Beck E, Weber M, Stimm B, Haber W, Fürst C, Bendix J. Compositional diversity of rehabilitated tropical lands supports multiple ecosystem services and buffers uncertainties. Nat Commun 2016; 7:11877. [PMID: 27292766 PMCID: PMC4910018 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms11877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
High landscape diversity is assumed to increase the number and level of ecosystem services. However, the interactions between ecosystem service provision, disturbance and landscape composition are poorly understood. Here we present a novel approach to include uncertainty in the optimization of land allocation for improving the provision of multiple ecosystem services. We refer to the rehabilitation of abandoned agricultural lands in Ecuador including two types of both afforestation and pasture rehabilitation, together with a succession option. Our results show that high compositional landscape diversity supports multiple ecosystem services (multifunction effect). This implicitly provides a buffer against uncertainty. Our work shows that active integration of uncertainty is only important when optimizing single or highly correlated ecosystem services and that the multifunction effect on landscape diversity is stronger than the uncertainty effect. This is an important insight to support a land-use planning based on ecosystem services. Land use becomes more diverse when it considers uncertain interactions of multiple ecosystem services. Here, Knoke and colleagues show that uncertainty plays a larger role if ecosystem services are optimized only for a single service, or if services correlate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Knoke
- Institute of Forest Management, Department of Ecology and Ecosystem Management, TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technische Universität München, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Carola Paul
- Institute of Forest Management, Department of Ecology and Ecosystem Management, TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technische Universität München, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Patrick Hildebrandt
- Institute of Silviculture, Department of Ecology and Ecosystem Management, TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technische Universität München, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Baltazar Calvas
- Institute of Forest Management, Department of Ecology and Ecosystem Management, TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technische Universität München, 85354 Freising, Germany.,Institute of Silviculture, Department of Ecology and Ecosystem Management, TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technische Universität München, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Luz Maria Castro
- Institute of Forest Management, Department of Ecology and Ecosystem Management, TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technische Universität München, 85354 Freising, Germany.,Departamento de Economía, Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja, 1101608 Loja, Ecuador
| | - Fabian Härtl
- Institute of Forest Management, Department of Ecology and Ecosystem Management, TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technische Universität München, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Martin Döllerer
- Institute of Forest Management, Department of Ecology and Ecosystem Management, TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technische Universität München, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Ute Hamer
- Institute of Landscape Ecology, University of Muenster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - David Windhorst
- Institute for Landscape Ecology and Resources Management, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Yolanda F Wiersma
- Department of Biology, Memorial University, St John's, NL, Canada A1B 3X9
| | - Giulia F Curatola Fernández
- Laboratory for Climatology and Remote Sensing (LCRS), Faculty of Geography, University of Marburg, 35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang A Obermeier
- Laboratory for Climatology and Remote Sensing (LCRS), Faculty of Geography, University of Marburg, 35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Julia Adams
- Department of Plant Physiology and Bayreuth Centre of Ecology and Environmental Research, University of Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Lutz Breuer
- Institute for Landscape Ecology and Resources Management, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Reinhard Mosandl
- Institute of Silviculture, Department of Ecology and Ecosystem Management, TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technische Universität München, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Erwin Beck
- Department of Plant Physiology and Bayreuth Centre of Ecology and Environmental Research, University of Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Michael Weber
- Institute of Silviculture, Department of Ecology and Ecosystem Management, TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technische Universität München, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Bernd Stimm
- Institute of Silviculture, Department of Ecology and Ecosystem Management, TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technische Universität München, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Haber
- Chair of Terrestrial Ecology, Department of Ecology and Ecosystem Management, TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technische Universität München, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Christine Fürst
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute of Meteorology and Climate Research-Atmospheric Environmental Research (IMK-IFU), Campus Alpin, 82467 Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany
| | - Jörg Bendix
- Laboratory for Climatology and Remote Sensing (LCRS), Faculty of Geography, University of Marburg, 35032 Marburg, Germany
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12
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Graham EB, Knelman JE, Schindlbacher A, Siciliano S, Breulmann M, Yannarell A, Beman JM, Abell G, Philippot L, Prosser J, Foulquier A, Yuste JC, Glanville HC, Jones DL, Angel R, Salminen J, Newton RJ, Bürgmann H, Ingram LJ, Hamer U, Siljanen HMP, Peltoniemi K, Potthast K, Bañeras L, Hartmann M, Banerjee S, Yu RQ, Nogaro G, Richter A, Koranda M, Castle SC, Goberna M, Song B, Chatterjee A, Nunes OC, Lopes AR, Cao Y, Kaisermann A, Hallin S, Strickland MS, Garcia-Pausas J, Barba J, Kang H, Isobe K, Papaspyrou S, Pastorelli R, Lagomarsino A, Lindström ES, Basiliko N, Nemergut DR. Microbes as Engines of Ecosystem Function: When Does Community Structure Enhance Predictions of Ecosystem Processes? Front Microbiol 2016; 7:214. [PMID: 26941732 PMCID: PMC4764795 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.00214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 255] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Microorganisms are vital in mediating the earth's biogeochemical cycles; yet, despite our rapidly increasing ability to explore complex environmental microbial communities, the relationship between microbial community structure and ecosystem processes remains poorly understood. Here, we address a fundamental and unanswered question in microbial ecology: 'When do we need to understand microbial community structure to accurately predict function?' We present a statistical analysis investigating the value of environmental data and microbial community structure independently and in combination for explaining rates of carbon and nitrogen cycling processes within 82 global datasets. Environmental variables were the strongest predictors of process rates but left 44% of variation unexplained on average, suggesting the potential for microbial data to increase model accuracy. Although only 29% of our datasets were significantly improved by adding information on microbial community structure, we observed improvement in models of processes mediated by narrow phylogenetic guilds via functional gene data, and conversely, improvement in models of facultative microbial processes via community diversity metrics. Our results also suggest that microbial diversity can strengthen predictions of respiration rates beyond microbial biomass parameters, as 53% of models were improved by incorporating both sets of predictors compared to 35% by microbial biomass alone. Our analysis represents the first comprehensive analysis of research examining links between microbial community structure and ecosystem function. Taken together, our results indicate that a greater understanding of microbial communities informed by ecological principles may enhance our ability to predict ecosystem process rates relative to assessments based on environmental variables and microbial physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily B Graham
- Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, University of Colorado Boulder, BoulderCO, USA; Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, RichlandWA, USA
| | - Joseph E Knelman
- Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, University of Colorado Boulder, BoulderCO, USA; US Department of Energy, Joint Genome Institute, Walnut CreekCA, USA
| | - Andreas Schindlbacher
- Department of Forest Ecology, Federal Research and Training Centre for Forests, Bundesforschungs- und Ausbildungszentrum für Wald Vienna, Austria
| | - Steven Siciliano
- Department of Soil Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon SK, Canada
| | - Marc Breulmann
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - Centre for Environmental Biotechnology Leipzig, Germany
| | - Anthony Yannarell
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana IL, USA
| | - J M Beman
- Life and Environmental Sciences and Sierra Nevada Research Institute, University of California - Merced, Merced CA, USA
| | - Guy Abell
- School of Medicine, Flinders University, Adelaide SA, Australia
| | - Laurent Philippot
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique - Agroecology Dijon, France
| | - James Prosser
- Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen Aberdeen, UK
| | - Arnaud Foulquier
- Irstea, UR MALY, Centre de Lyon-Villeurbanne Villeurbanne, France
| | - Jorge C Yuste
- Department of Biogeography and Global Change, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Davey L Jones
- Environment Centre Wales, Bangor University Gwynedd, UK
| | - Roey Angel
- Department of Microbiology and Ecosystem Science, University of Vienna Vienna, Austria
| | - Janne Salminen
- Häme University of Applied Sciences Hämeenlinna, Finland
| | - Ryan J Newton
- School of Freshwater Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee WI, USA
| | - Helmut Bürgmann
- Department of Surface Waters, Eawag: Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology Kastanienbaum, Switzerland
| | - Lachlan J Ingram
- Centre for Carbon, Water and Food, The University of Sydney, Sydney NSW, Australia
| | - Ute Hamer
- Institute of Landscape Ecology, University of Münster Münster, Germany
| | - Henri M P Siljanen
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland Kuopio, Finland
| | | | - Karin Potthast
- Institute of Soil Science and Site Ecology, Technische University Dresden, Germany
| | - Lluís Bañeras
- Institute of Aquatic Ecology, Facultat de Ciències, University of Girona Girona, Spain
| | - Martin Hartmann
- Institute for Sustainability Sciences - Agroscope Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Ri-Qing Yu
- Department of Biology, University of Texas at Tyler, Tyler TX, USA
| | - Geraldine Nogaro
- EDF R&D, National Hydraulics and Environmental Laboratory Chatou, France
| | - Andreas Richter
- Department of Microbiology and Ecosystem Science, University of Vienna Vienna, Austria
| | - Marianne Koranda
- Division of Terrestrial Ecosystem Research, Department of Microbiology and Ecosystem Science, University of Vienna Vienna, Austria
| | - Sarah C Castle
- Department of Ecosystem and Conservation Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula MT, USA
| | - Marta Goberna
- Centro de Investigación y Docencia Económicas - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas Valencia, Spain
| | - Bongkeun Song
- Department of Biological Science, Virginia Institute of Marine Science, Gloucester Point VA, USA
| | - Amitava Chatterjee
- AES School of Natural Resources Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo ND, USA
| | - Olga C Nunes
- LEPABE - Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environmental, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana R Lopes
- LEPABE - Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environmental, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto Porto, Portugal
| | - Yiping Cao
- Southern California Coastal Water Research Project Authority, Costa Mesa CA, USA
| | - Aurore Kaisermann
- UMR, Interactions Sol Plante Atmosphère, INRA Bordeaux Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Sara Hallin
- Department of Forest Mycology and Plant Pathology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Michael S Strickland
- Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute, State University, Blacksburg VA, USA
| | | | - Josep Barba
- Centre de Recerca Ecològica i Aplicacions Forestals, Cerdanyola del Vallès Barcelona, Spain
| | - Hojeong Kang
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kazuo Isobe
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, The University of Tokyo Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sokratis Papaspyrou
- Department of Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Public Health, University of Cadiz Puerto Real, Spain
| | | | | | - Eva S Lindström
- Department of Ecology and Genetics/Limnology, Uppsala University Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Nathan Basiliko
- Vale Living with Lakes Centre and Department of Biology, Laurentian University, Sudbury ON, Canada
| | - Diana R Nemergut
- Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, University of Colorado Boulder, BoulderCO, USA; Biology Department, Duke University, DurhamNC, USA
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13
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Bahr E, Hamer U, Chamba Zaragocin D, Makeschin F. Different fertilizer types affected nitrogen and carbon cycling in eroded and colluvial soils of Southern Ecuador. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.4236/as.2013.412a002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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