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Dimitriadis GK, Nasiri-Ansari N, Agrogiannis G, Kostakis ID, Randeva MS, Nikiteas N, Patel VH, Kaltsas G, Papavassiliou AG, Randeva HS, Kassi E. Empagliflozin improves primary haemodynamic parameters and attenuates the development of atherosclerosis in high fat diet fed APOE knockout mice. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2019; 494:110487. [PMID: 31195080 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2019.110487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2019] [Revised: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The effects of long-term treatment with empagliflozin on biochemical and immunohistochemical markers related to atherosclerosis and atherosclerosis development in the aorta of apolipoprotein E knockout [Apo-E (-/-)] mice were evaluated in this study. Empagliflozin-treated mice had lower total cholesterol (P < 0.05), fasting glucose (P < 0.01), heart rate (P < 0.01) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (P < 0.05) compared to controls. Histomorphometry revealed reduced atherosclerotic lesion progress approaching statistical significance (P = 0.06) and approximately 50% wider lumen area for the Empagliflozin treated mice group. Although empagliflozin significantly reduced Vcam-1 and Mcp-1 (P < 0.05, P < 0.01, respectively) and marginally induced Timp-1 and Timp-2 mRNA expression (P < 0.08, P = 0.1 respectively), immunohistochemistry revealed a marginal reduction in VCAM-1 and MMP-9 (P = 0.1) without affecting the expression of TIMP-2 and MCP-1 in atherosclerotic lesions. Empagliflozin improves primary haemodynamic parameters and attenuates the progression of atherosclerosis by reducing hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemia, while direct actions in aorta vessel mediated via SGLT-1 are strongly hypothesized.
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MESH Headings
- Administration, Oral
- Animals
- Atherosclerosis/blood
- Atherosclerosis/drug therapy
- Atherosclerosis/pathology
- Atherosclerosis/physiopathology
- Benzhydryl Compounds/administration & dosage
- Benzhydryl Compounds/pharmacology
- Benzhydryl Compounds/therapeutic use
- Blood Glucose/metabolism
- Blood Pressure/drug effects
- Diastole/drug effects
- Diet, High-Fat
- Fasting/blood
- Glucosides/administration & dosage
- Glucosides/pharmacology
- Glucosides/therapeutic use
- Heart Rate/drug effects
- Hemodynamics/drug effects
- Lipids/blood
- Metalloproteases/metabolism
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout, ApoE
- Plaque, Atherosclerotic/blood
- Plaque, Atherosclerotic/drug therapy
- Plaque, Atherosclerotic/pathology
- Plaque, Atherosclerotic/physiopathology
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios K Dimitriadis
- Division of Translational and Experimental Medicine-Metabolic and Vascular Health, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK; Division of Endocrinology and Experimental Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, London, W12 0NN, UK; Human Metabolism Research Unit, WISDEM Centre, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, CV2 2DX, UK; Centre of Applied Biological & Exercise Sciences, Faculty of Health & Life Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry, CV1 5FB, UK
| | - Narjes Nasiri-Ansari
- Department of Biological Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian Univer-sity of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Georgios Agrogiannis
- Laboratory of Pathological Anatomy, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Ioannis D Kostakis
- Department of Transplantation, Guy's Hospital, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Manpal S Randeva
- Human Metabolism Research Unit, WISDEM Centre, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, CV2 2DX, UK
| | - Nikolaos Nikiteas
- Laboratory for Experimental Surgery and Surgical Research "N.S. Christeas", Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Vanlata H Patel
- Division of Translational and Experimental Medicine-Metabolic and Vascular Health, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Gregory Kaltsas
- 1(st) Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
| | - Athanasios G Papavassiliou
- Department of Biological Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian Univer-sity of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Harpal S Randeva
- Division of Translational and Experimental Medicine-Metabolic and Vascular Health, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK; Human Metabolism Research Unit, WISDEM Centre, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, CV2 2DX, UK; Centre of Applied Biological & Exercise Sciences, Faculty of Health & Life Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry, CV1 5FB, UK; Division of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, B4 7ET, UK.
| | - Eva Kassi
- Department of Biological Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian Univer-sity of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece; 1(st) Department of Internal Medicine, Laiko Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
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Ramanjaneya M, Tan BK, Rucinski M, Kawan M, Hu J, Kaur J, Patel VH, Malendowicz LK, Komarowska H, Lehnert H, Randeva HS. Nesfatin-1 inhibits proliferation and enhances apoptosis of human adrenocortical H295R cells. J Endocrinol 2015; 226:1-11. [PMID: 25869615 DOI: 10.1530/joe-14-0496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
NUCB2/nesfatin and its proteolytically cleaved product nesfatin-1 are recently discovered anorexigenic hypothalamic neuroproteins involved in energy homeostasis. It is expressed both centrally and in peripheral tissues, and appears to have potent metabolic actions. NUCB2/nesfatin neurons are activated in response to stress. Central nesfatin-1 administration elevates circulating ACTH and corticosterone levels. Bilateral adrenalectomy increased NUCB2/nesfatin mRNA levels in rat paraventricular nuclei. To date, studies have not assessed the effects of nesfatin-1 stimulation on human adrenocortical cells. Therefore, we investigated the expression and effects of nesfatin-1 in a human adrenocortical cell model (H295R). Our findings demonstrate that NUCB2 and nesfatin-1 are expressed in human adrenal gland and human adrenocortical cells (H295R). Stimulation with nesfatin-1 inhibits the growth of H295R cells and promotes apoptosis, potentially via the involvement of Bax, BCL-XL and BCL-2 genes as well as ERK1/2, p38 and JNK1/2 signalling cascades. This has implications for understanding the role of NUCB2/nesfatin in adrenal zonal development. NUCB2/nesfatin may also be a therapeutic target for adrenal cancer. However, further studies using in vivo models are needed to clarify these concepts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manjunath Ramanjaneya
- Warwick Medical SchoolUniversity of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UKInterim Translational Research InstituteAcademic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, QatarDepartment of Obstetrics and GynaecologyBirmingham Heartlands Hospital, Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UKDepartment of Histology and EmbryologyPoznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, PolandDepartment of EndocrinologyMetabolism and Internal Medicine, University of Medical Sciences, 16 Karol Marcinkowski, Poznan, Poland1st Medical DepartmentUniversity of Lübeck Medical School, Lübeck, GermanyDepartment of DiabetesEndocrinology and Metabolism, University Hospital, Coventry CV2 2DX, UKAston Medical Research InstituteSchool of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK Warwick Medical SchoolUniversity of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UKInterim Translational Research InstituteAcademic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, QatarDepartment of Obstetrics and GynaecologyBirmingham Heartlands Hospital, Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UKDepartment of Histology and EmbryologyPoznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, PolandDepartment of EndocrinologyMetabolism and Internal Medicine, University of Medical Sciences, 16 Karol Marcinkowski, Poznan, Poland1st Medical DepartmentUniversity of Lübeck Medical School, Lübeck, GermanyDepartment of DiabetesEndocrinology and Metabolism, University Hospital, Coventry CV2 2DX, UKAston Medical Research InstituteSchool of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK
| | - Bee K Tan
- Warwick Medical SchoolUniversity of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UKInterim Translational Research InstituteAcademic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, QatarDepartment of Obstetrics and GynaecologyBirmingham Heartlands Hospital, Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UKDepartment of Histology and EmbryologyPoznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, PolandDepartment of EndocrinologyMetabolism and Internal Medicine, University of Medical Sciences, 16 Karol Marcinkowski, Poznan, Poland1st Medical DepartmentUniversity of Lübeck Medical School, Lübeck, GermanyDepartment of DiabetesEndocrinology and Metabolism, University Hospital, Coventry CV2 2DX, UKAston Medical Research InstituteSchool of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK Warwick Medical SchoolUniversity of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UKInterim Translational Research InstituteAcademic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, QatarDepartment of Obstetrics and GynaecologyBirmingham Heartlands Hospital, Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UKDepartment of Histology and EmbryologyPoznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, PolandDepartment of EndocrinologyMetabolism and Internal Medicine, University of Medical Sciences, 16 Karol Marcinkowski, Poznan, Poland1st Medical DepartmentUniversity of Lübeck Medical School, Lübeck, GermanyDepartment of DiabetesEndocrinology and Metabolism, University Hospital, Coventry CV2 2DX, UKAston Medical Research InstituteSchool of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK
| | - Marcin Rucinski
- Warwick Medical SchoolUniversity of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UKInterim Translational Research InstituteAcademic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, QatarDepartment of Obstetrics and GynaecologyBirmingham Heartlands Hospital, Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UKDepartment of Histology and EmbryologyPoznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, PolandDepartment of EndocrinologyMetabolism and Internal Medicine, University of Medical Sciences, 16 Karol Marcinkowski, Poznan, Poland1st Medical DepartmentUniversity of Lübeck Medical School, Lübeck, GermanyDepartment of DiabetesEndocrinology and Metabolism, University Hospital, Coventry CV2 2DX, UKAston Medical Research InstituteSchool of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK
| | - Mohamed Kawan
- Warwick Medical SchoolUniversity of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UKInterim Translational Research InstituteAcademic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, QatarDepartment of Obstetrics and GynaecologyBirmingham Heartlands Hospital, Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UKDepartment of Histology and EmbryologyPoznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, PolandDepartment of EndocrinologyMetabolism and Internal Medicine, University of Medical Sciences, 16 Karol Marcinkowski, Poznan, Poland1st Medical DepartmentUniversity of Lübeck Medical School, Lübeck, GermanyDepartment of DiabetesEndocrinology and Metabolism, University Hospital, Coventry CV2 2DX, UKAston Medical Research InstituteSchool of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK
| | - Jiamiao Hu
- Warwick Medical SchoolUniversity of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UKInterim Translational Research InstituteAcademic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, QatarDepartment of Obstetrics and GynaecologyBirmingham Heartlands Hospital, Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UKDepartment of Histology and EmbryologyPoznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, PolandDepartment of EndocrinologyMetabolism and Internal Medicine, University of Medical Sciences, 16 Karol Marcinkowski, Poznan, Poland1st Medical DepartmentUniversity of Lübeck Medical School, Lübeck, GermanyDepartment of DiabetesEndocrinology and Metabolism, University Hospital, Coventry CV2 2DX, UKAston Medical Research InstituteSchool of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK
| | - Jaspreet Kaur
- Warwick Medical SchoolUniversity of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UKInterim Translational Research InstituteAcademic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, QatarDepartment of Obstetrics and GynaecologyBirmingham Heartlands Hospital, Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UKDepartment of Histology and EmbryologyPoznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, PolandDepartment of EndocrinologyMetabolism and Internal Medicine, University of Medical Sciences, 16 Karol Marcinkowski, Poznan, Poland1st Medical DepartmentUniversity of Lübeck Medical School, Lübeck, GermanyDepartment of DiabetesEndocrinology and Metabolism, University Hospital, Coventry CV2 2DX, UKAston Medical Research InstituteSchool of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK
| | - Vanlata H Patel
- Warwick Medical SchoolUniversity of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UKInterim Translational Research InstituteAcademic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, QatarDepartment of Obstetrics and GynaecologyBirmingham Heartlands Hospital, Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UKDepartment of Histology and EmbryologyPoznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, PolandDepartment of EndocrinologyMetabolism and Internal Medicine, University of Medical Sciences, 16 Karol Marcinkowski, Poznan, Poland1st Medical DepartmentUniversity of Lübeck Medical School, Lübeck, GermanyDepartment of DiabetesEndocrinology and Metabolism, University Hospital, Coventry CV2 2DX, UKAston Medical Research InstituteSchool of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK
| | - Ludwik K Malendowicz
- Warwick Medical SchoolUniversity of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UKInterim Translational Research InstituteAcademic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, QatarDepartment of Obstetrics and GynaecologyBirmingham Heartlands Hospital, Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UKDepartment of Histology and EmbryologyPoznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, PolandDepartment of EndocrinologyMetabolism and Internal Medicine, University of Medical Sciences, 16 Karol Marcinkowski, Poznan, Poland1st Medical DepartmentUniversity of Lübeck Medical School, Lübeck, GermanyDepartment of DiabetesEndocrinology and Metabolism, University Hospital, Coventry CV2 2DX, UKAston Medical Research InstituteSchool of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK
| | - Hanna Komarowska
- Warwick Medical SchoolUniversity of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UKInterim Translational Research InstituteAcademic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, QatarDepartment of Obstetrics and GynaecologyBirmingham Heartlands Hospital, Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UKDepartment of Histology and EmbryologyPoznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, PolandDepartment of EndocrinologyMetabolism and Internal Medicine, University of Medical Sciences, 16 Karol Marcinkowski, Poznan, Poland1st Medical DepartmentUniversity of Lübeck Medical School, Lübeck, GermanyDepartment of DiabetesEndocrinology and Metabolism, University Hospital, Coventry CV2 2DX, UKAston Medical Research InstituteSchool of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK
| | - Hendrik Lehnert
- Warwick Medical SchoolUniversity of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UKInterim Translational Research InstituteAcademic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, QatarDepartment of Obstetrics and GynaecologyBirmingham Heartlands Hospital, Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UKDepartment of Histology and EmbryologyPoznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, PolandDepartment of EndocrinologyMetabolism and Internal Medicine, University of Medical Sciences, 16 Karol Marcinkowski, Poznan, Poland1st Medical DepartmentUniversity of Lübeck Medical School, Lübeck, GermanyDepartment of DiabetesEndocrinology and Metabolism, University Hospital, Coventry CV2 2DX, UKAston Medical Research InstituteSchool of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK Warwick Medical SchoolUniversity of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UKInterim Translational Research InstituteAcademic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, QatarDepartment of Obstetrics and GynaecologyBirmingham Heartlands Hospital, Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UKDepartment of Histology and EmbryologyPoznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, PolandDepartment of EndocrinologyMetabolism and Internal Medicine, University of Medical Sciences, 16 Karol Marcinkowski, Poznan, Poland1st Medical DepartmentUniversity of Lübeck Medical School, Lübeck, GermanyDepartment of DiabetesEndocrinology and Metabolism, University Hospital, Coventry CV2 2DX, UKAston Medical Research InstituteSchool of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK
| | - Harpal S Randeva
- Warwick Medical SchoolUniversity of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UKInterim Translational Research InstituteAcademic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, QatarDepartment of Obstetrics and GynaecologyBirmingham Heartlands Hospital, Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UKDepartment of Histology and EmbryologyPoznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, PolandDepartment of EndocrinologyMetabolism and Internal Medicine, University of Medical Sciences, 16 Karol Marcinkowski, Poznan, Poland1st Medical DepartmentUniversity of Lübeck Medical School, Lübeck, GermanyDepartment of DiabetesEndocrinology and Metabolism, University Hospital, Coventry CV2 2DX, UKAston Medical Research InstituteSchool of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK Warwick Medical SchoolUniversity of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UKInterim Translational Research InstituteAcademic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, QatarDepartment of Obstetrics and GynaecologyBirmingham Heartlands Hospital, Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UKDepartment of Histology and EmbryologyPoznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, PolandDepartment of EndocrinologyMetabolism and Internal Medicine, University of Medical Sciences, 16 Karol Marcinkowski, Poznan, Poland1st Medical DepartmentUniversity of Lübeck Medical School, Lübeck, GermanyDepartment of DiabetesEndocrinology and Metabolism, University Hospital, Coventry CV2 2DX, UKAston Medical Research InstituteSchool of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK Warwick Medical SchoolUniversity of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UKInterim Translational Research InstituteAcademic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, QatarDepartment of Obstetrics and GynaecologyBirmingham Heartlands Hospital, Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UKDepartment of Histology and EmbryologyPoznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, PolandDepartment of EndocrinologyMetabolism and Internal
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