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Żurawska K, Stokowy M, Kapica P, Olesiejuk M, Kudelko A, Papaj K, Skonieczna M, Szeja W, Walczak K, Kasprzycka A. Synthesis and Preliminary Anticancer Activity Assessment of N-Glycosides of 2-Amino-1,3,4-thiadiazoles. Molecules 2021; 26:7245. [PMID: 34885815 PMCID: PMC8659227 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26237245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The addition of 2-amino-1,3,4-thiadiazole derivatives with parallel iodination of differently protected glycals has been achieved using a double molar excess of molecular iodine under mild conditions. The corresponding thiadiazole derivatives of N-glycosides were obtained in good yields and anomeric selectivity. The usage of iodine as a catalyst makes this method easy, inexpensive, and successfully useable in reactions with sugars. Thiadiazole derivatives were tested in a panel of three tumor cell lines, MCF-7, HCT116, and HeLa. These compounds initiated biological response in investigated tumor models in a different rate. The MCF-7 is resistant to the tested compounds, and the cytometry assay indicated low increase in cell numbers in the sub- G1 phase. The most sensitive are HCT-116 and HeLa cells. The thiadiazole derivatives have a pro-apoptotic effect on HCT-116 cells. In the case of the HeLa cells, an increase in the number of cells in the sub-G1- phase and the induction of apoptosis was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Żurawska
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Bioorganic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology, Krzywoustego Street 4, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland; (K.Ż.); (M.S.); (P.K.); (W.S.); (K.W.)
- Centre of Biotechnology, Silesian University of Technology, Krzywoustego Street 8, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland; (K.P.); (M.S.)
| | - Marcin Stokowy
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Bioorganic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology, Krzywoustego Street 4, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland; (K.Ż.); (M.S.); (P.K.); (W.S.); (K.W.)
| | - Patryk Kapica
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Bioorganic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology, Krzywoustego Street 4, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland; (K.Ż.); (M.S.); (P.K.); (W.S.); (K.W.)
- Centre of Biotechnology, Silesian University of Technology, Krzywoustego Street 8, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland; (K.P.); (M.S.)
| | - Monika Olesiejuk
- Department of Chemical Organic Technology and Petrochemistry, The Silesian University of Technology, Krzywoustego Street 4, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland; (M.O.); (A.K.)
| | - Agnieszka Kudelko
- Department of Chemical Organic Technology and Petrochemistry, The Silesian University of Technology, Krzywoustego Street 4, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland; (M.O.); (A.K.)
| | - Katarzyna Papaj
- Centre of Biotechnology, Silesian University of Technology, Krzywoustego Street 8, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland; (K.P.); (M.S.)
| | - Magdalena Skonieczna
- Centre of Biotechnology, Silesian University of Technology, Krzywoustego Street 8, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland; (K.P.); (M.S.)
- Department of Systems Biology and Engineering, The Silesian University of Technology, Akademicka Street 16, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Wiesław Szeja
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Bioorganic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology, Krzywoustego Street 4, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland; (K.Ż.); (M.S.); (P.K.); (W.S.); (K.W.)
| | - Krzysztof Walczak
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Bioorganic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology, Krzywoustego Street 4, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland; (K.Ż.); (M.S.); (P.K.); (W.S.); (K.W.)
| | - Anna Kasprzycka
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Bioorganic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology, Krzywoustego Street 4, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland; (K.Ż.); (M.S.); (P.K.); (W.S.); (K.W.)
- Centre of Biotechnology, Silesian University of Technology, Krzywoustego Street 8, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland; (K.P.); (M.S.)
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Woźniak M, Makuch S, Pastuch-Gawołek G, Wiśniewski J, Szeja W, Nowak M, Krawczyk M, Agrawal S. The Effect of a New Glucose-Methotrexate Conjugate on Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia and Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma Cell Lines. Molecules 2021; 26:2547. [PMID: 33925555 PMCID: PMC8123764 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26092547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with hematologic malignancies require intensive therapies, including high-dose chemotherapy. Antimetabolite-methotrexate (MTX) has been used for many years in the treatment of leukemia and in lymphoma patients. However, the lack of MTX specificity causes a significant risk of morbidity, mortality, and severe side effects that impairs the quality of patients' life. Therefore, novel targeted therapies based on the malignant cells' common traits have become an essential treatment strategy. Glucose transporters have been found to be overexpressed in neoplastic cells, including hematologic malignancies. In this study, we biologically evaluated a novel glucose-methotrexate conjugate (Glu-MTX) in comparison to a free MTX. The research aimed to assess the effectiveness of Glu-MTX on chosen human lymphoma and leukemia cell lines. Cell cytotoxicity was verified by MTT viability test and flow cytometry. Moreover, the cell cycle and cellular uptake of Glu-MTX were evaluated. Our study reveals that conjugation of methotrexate with glucose significantly increases drug uptake and results in similar cytotoxicity of the synthesized compound. Although the finding has been confined to in vitro studies, our observations shed light on a potential therapeutic approach that increases the selectivity of chemotherapeutics and can improve leukemia and lymphoma patients' outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Woźniak
- Department of Pathology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.W.); (S.M.); (M.N.)
| | - Sebastian Makuch
- Department of Pathology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.W.); (S.M.); (M.N.)
| | - Gabriela Pastuch-Gawołek
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Bioorganic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland; (G.P.-G.); (W.S.)
- Biotechnology Centre, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Jerzy Wiśniewski
- Central Laboratory of Instrumental Analysis, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Wiesław Szeja
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Bioorganic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland; (G.P.-G.); (W.S.)
| | - Martyna Nowak
- Department of Pathology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.W.); (S.M.); (M.N.)
| | - Monika Krawczyk
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Bioorganic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland; (G.P.-G.); (W.S.)
- Biotechnology Centre, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Siddarth Agrawal
- Department of Pathology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.W.); (S.M.); (M.N.)
- Department and Clinic of Internal Medicine, Occupational Diseases, Hypertension and Clinical Oncology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
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Woźniak M, Pastuch-Gawołek G, Makuch S, Wiśniewski J, Krenács T, Hamar P, Gamian A, Szeja W, Szkudlarek D, Krawczyk M, Agrawal S. In Vitro and In Vivo Efficacy of a Novel Glucose-Methotrexate Conjugate in Targeted Cancer Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22041748. [PMID: 33572433 PMCID: PMC7916191 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Methotrexate (MTX) is a commonly used antimetabolite, which inhibits folate and DNA synthesis to be effective in the treatment of various malignancies. However, MTX therapy is hindered by the lack of target tumor selectivity. We have designed, synthesized and evaluated a novel glucose–methotrexate conjugate (GLU–MTX) both in vitro and in vivo, in which a cleavable linkage allows intracellular MTX release after selective uptake through glucose transporter−1 (GLUT1). GLU–MTX inhibited the growth of colorectal (DLD-1), breast (MCF-7) and lung (A427) adenocarcinomas, squamous cell carcinoma (SCC-25), osteosarcoma (MG63) cell lines, but not in WI-38 healthy fibroblasts. In tumor cells, GLU–MTX uptake increased 17-fold compared to unconjugated MTX. 4,6-O-ethylidene-α-D-glucose (EDG), a GLUT1 inhibitor, significantly interfered with GLU–MTX induced growth inhibition, suggesting a glucose-mediated drug uptake. Glu-MTX also caused significant tumor growth delay in vivo in breast cancer-bearing mice. These results show that our GLUT-MTX conjugate can be selectively uptake by a range of tumor cells to cause their significant growth inhibition in vitro, which was also confirmed in a breast cancer model in vivo. GLUT1 inhibitor EDG interfered with these effects verifying the selective drug uptake. Accordingly, GLU–MTX offers a considerable tumor selectivity and may offer cancer growth inhibition at reduced toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Woźniak
- Department of Pathology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.W.); (S.M.); (D.S.)
| | - Gabriela Pastuch-Gawołek
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Bioorganic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland; (G.P.-G.); (W.S.)
- Biotechnology Centre, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Sebastian Makuch
- Department of Pathology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.W.); (S.M.); (D.S.)
| | - Jerzy Wiśniewski
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland;
- Department of Immunology of Infectious Diseases, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Tibor Krenács
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - Peter Hamar
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - Andrzej Gamian
- Department of Immunology of Infectious Diseases, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Wiesław Szeja
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Bioorganic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland; (G.P.-G.); (W.S.)
| | - Danuta Szkudlarek
- Department of Pathology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.W.); (S.M.); (D.S.)
| | - Monika Krawczyk
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Bioorganic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland; (G.P.-G.); (W.S.)
- Biotechnology Centre, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
- Correspondence: (M.K.); (S.A.)
| | - Siddarth Agrawal
- Department of Pathology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.W.); (S.M.); (D.S.)
- Department and Clinic of Internal Medicine, Occupational Diseases, Hypertension and Clinical Oncology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland
- Correspondence: (M.K.); (S.A.)
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Staniszewska M, Bronowicka-Szydełko A, Gostomska-Pampuch K, Szkudlarek J, Bartyś A, Bieg T, Gamian E, Kochman A, Picur B, Pietkiewicz J, Kuropka P, Szeja W, Wiśniewski J, Ziółkowski P, Gamian A. The melibiose-derived glycation product mimics a unique epitope present in human and animal tissues. Sci Rep 2021; 11:2940. [PMID: 33536563 PMCID: PMC7859244 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-82585-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-enzymatic modification of proteins by carbohydrates, known as glycation, leads to generation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs). In our study we used in vitro generated AGEs to model glycation in vivo. We discovered in vivo analogs of unusual melibiose-adducts designated MAGEs (mel-derived AGEs) synthesized in vitro under anhydrous conditions with bovine serum albumin and myoglobin. Using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy we have identified MAGEs as a set of isomers, with open-chain and cyclic structures, of the fructosamine moiety. We generated a mouse anti-MAGE monoclonal antibody and show for the first time that the native and previously undescribed analogous glycation product exists in living organisms and is naturally present in tissues of both invertebrates and vertebrates, including humans. We also report MAGE cross-reactive auto-antibodies in patients with diabetes. We anticipate our approach for modeling glycation in vivo will be a foundational methodology in cell biology. Further studies relevant to the discovery of MAGE may contribute to clarifying disease mechanisms and to the development of novel therapeutic options for diabetic complications, neuropathology, and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Staniszewska
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Weigla 12, 53-114, Wrocław, Poland.,Centre for Interdisciplinary Research, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Konstantynow 1J, 20-708, Lublin, Poland
| | | | - Kinga Gostomska-Pampuch
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Weigla 12, 53-114, Wrocław, Poland.,Department of Medical Biochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, Chalubinskiego 10, 50-368, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Jerzy Szkudlarek
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Weigla 12, 53-114, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Arkadiusz Bartyś
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Weigla 12, 53-114, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Tadeusz Bieg
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Bioorganic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Silesian University of Technology, Krzywoustego 4, 44-100, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Gamian
- Department of Pathomorphology, Wroclaw Medical University, Marcinkowskiego 1, 50-368, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Agata Kochman
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital Monklands, Monkscourt Ave, Airdrie, ML6 0JS, UK
| | - Bolesław Picur
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, 50-383, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Jadwiga Pietkiewicz
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, Chalubinskiego 10, 50-368, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Piotr Kuropka
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 1, 50-375, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Wiesław Szeja
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Bioorganic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Silesian University of Technology, Krzywoustego 4, 44-100, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Jerzy Wiśniewski
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, Chalubinskiego 10, 50-368, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Piotr Ziółkowski
- Department of Pathomorphology, Wroclaw Medical University, Marcinkowskiego 1, 50-368, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Andrzej Gamian
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Weigla 12, 53-114, Wrocław, Poland. .,Department of Medical Biochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, Chalubinskiego 10, 50-368, Wrocław, Poland. .,Wroclaw Research Centre EIT+, PORT, Stabłowicka 147/149, 54-066, Wrocław, Poland.
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Makuch S, Woźniak M, Krawczyk M, Pastuch-Gawołek G, Szeja W, Agrawal S. Glycoconjugation as a Promising Treatment Strategy for Psoriasis. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2020; 373:204-212. [PMID: 32156758 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.119.263657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the progress in the development of novel treatment modalities, a significant portion of patients with psoriasis remains undertreated relative to the severity of their disease. Recent evidence points to targeting the glucose transporter 1 and sugar metabolism as a novel therapeutic strategy for the treatment of psoriasis and other hyperproliferative skin diseases. In this review, we discuss glycoconjugation, an approach that facilitates the pharmacokinetics of cytotoxic molecules and ensures their preferential influx through glucose transporters. We propose pathways of glycoconjugate synthesis to increase effectiveness, cellular selectivity, and tolerability of widely used antipsoriatic drugs. The presented approach exploiting the heightened glucose requirement of proliferating keratinocytes bears the potential to revolutionize the management of psoriasis. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Recent findings concerning the fundamental role of enhanced glucose metabolism and glucose transporter 1 overexpression in the pathogenesis of psoriasis brought to light approaches that proved successful in cancer treatment. Substantial advances in the emerging field of glycoconjugation highlight the rationale for the development of glucose-conjugated antipsoriatic drugs to increase their effectiveness, cellular selectivity, and tolerability. The presented approach offers a novel therapeutic strategy for the treatment of psoriasis and other hyperproliferative skin diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Makuch
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland (S.M., M.W., S.A.); Department and Clinic of Internal Medicine, Occupational Diseases, Hypertension and Clinical Oncology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland (S.A.); and Department of Organic Chemistry, Bioorganic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry (M.K., G.P.-G., W.S.) and Biotechnology Centre (M.K., G.P.-G., W.S.), Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Marta Woźniak
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland (S.M., M.W., S.A.); Department and Clinic of Internal Medicine, Occupational Diseases, Hypertension and Clinical Oncology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland (S.A.); and Department of Organic Chemistry, Bioorganic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry (M.K., G.P.-G., W.S.) and Biotechnology Centre (M.K., G.P.-G., W.S.), Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Monika Krawczyk
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland (S.M., M.W., S.A.); Department and Clinic of Internal Medicine, Occupational Diseases, Hypertension and Clinical Oncology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland (S.A.); and Department of Organic Chemistry, Bioorganic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry (M.K., G.P.-G., W.S.) and Biotechnology Centre (M.K., G.P.-G., W.S.), Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Gabriela Pastuch-Gawołek
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland (S.M., M.W., S.A.); Department and Clinic of Internal Medicine, Occupational Diseases, Hypertension and Clinical Oncology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland (S.A.); and Department of Organic Chemistry, Bioorganic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry (M.K., G.P.-G., W.S.) and Biotechnology Centre (M.K., G.P.-G., W.S.), Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Wiesław Szeja
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland (S.M., M.W., S.A.); Department and Clinic of Internal Medicine, Occupational Diseases, Hypertension and Clinical Oncology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland (S.A.); and Department of Organic Chemistry, Bioorganic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry (M.K., G.P.-G., W.S.) and Biotechnology Centre (M.K., G.P.-G., W.S.), Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Siddarth Agrawal
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland (S.M., M.W., S.A.); Department and Clinic of Internal Medicine, Occupational Diseases, Hypertension and Clinical Oncology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland (S.A.); and Department of Organic Chemistry, Bioorganic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry (M.K., G.P.-G., W.S.) and Biotechnology Centre (M.K., G.P.-G., W.S.), Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
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Wolnica K, Dulski M, Kamińska E, Tarnacka M, Wrzalik R, Zięba A, Kasprzycka A, Nowak M, Jurkiewicz K, Szeja W, Kamiński K, Paluch M. Dramatic slowing down of the conformational equilibrium in the silyl derivative of glucose in the vicinity of the glass transition temperature. Soft Matter 2019; 15:7429-7437. [PMID: 31468042 DOI: 10.1039/c9sm01259a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The vitrification process is usually preceded by a significant change (around 6-8 decades) in the viscosity, structural relaxation times, or diffusion that occurs in a relatively small range of temperatures in fragile liquids. Along with this phenomenon, conformations of the molecules vary as well. In fact, this process is studied in bulk polymers and high molecular weight materials deposited in the form of thin films. On the other hand, spatial rearrangement of small glass formers in the supercooled liquid state has not been intensively investigated, so far. Herein, data obtained from measurements carried out using various experimental techniques on supercooled 1,2,3,4,6-penta-O-(trimethylsilyl)-d-glucopyranose (S-GLU) have revealed that rotations of silyl moieties along with the deformation in the saccharide ring are significantly slowed down in the vicinity of the glass transition temperature (Tg). These intramolecular reorganizations affect the structural relaxation time, atomic pair distribution function, integrated intensity, as well as a number of bands and signals observed, respectively, in the Raman and NMR spectra. Data reported herein offer a better understanding of the conformational variation and time scale of this process in the complex and flexible molecules around the Tg.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Wolnica
- Institute of Physics, University of Silesia, 75 Pulku Piechoty 1, 41-500 Chorzow, Poland.
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Grynkiewicz G, Szeja W. Synthetic Glycosides and Glycoconjugates of Low Molecular Weight Natural Products. Curr Pharm Des 2016; 22:1592-627. [PMID: 26654591 DOI: 10.2174/1381612822666151211094345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Accepted: 12/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Enzymatically controlled transfer of saccharide moieties constitutes a fundamental biological process, essential for both primary and secondary metabolism. Natural products, including countless glycosides, with a rich tradition of use in ethnopharmacology, remain a prime source of inspiration for medicinal chemistry and molecular pharmacology, but their availability from biological sources is usually scarce, hampering attempts at application for new drug discovery and development. Chemical glycosylation on the other hand, although continuously undergoing sophisticated mechanistic studies, has nevertheless already matured as a set of methods which are able to provide substantial amounts of pure chemical entities: natural glycosides, as well as their congeners and mimics, necessary for the study of biological activity in quality assurance systems and required for drug development by pharmaceutical regulations. The paper presents a review of natural products and their analogues glycosylation, in a set of arbitrary selected examples, supplemented with comments on general advances in chemical glycosylation methodology and their applicability for particular categories of secondary metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Grynkiewicz
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, 8 Rydygiera Str., 01-793 Warsaw, Poland.
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Szeja W, Grynkiewicz G, Rusin A. Isoflavones, their Glycosides and Glycoconjugates. Synthesis and Biological Activity. CURR ORG CHEM 2016; 21:218-235. [PMID: 28553156 PMCID: PMC5427819 DOI: 10.2174/1385272820666160928120822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2016] [Revised: 07/20/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Glycosylation of small biologically active molecules, either of natural or synthetic origin, has a profound impact on their solubility, stability, and bioactivity, making glycoconjugates attractive compounds as therapeutic agents or nutraceuticals. A large proportion of secondary metabolites, including flavonoids, occur in plants as glycosides, which adds to the molecular diversity that is much valued in medicinal chemistry studies. The subsequent growing market demand for glycosidic natural products has fueled the development of various chemical and biotechnological methods of glycosides preparation. The review gives an extensive overview of the processes of the synthesis of isoflavones and discusses recently developed major routes towards isoflavone-sugar formation processes. Special attention is given to the derivatives of genistein, the main isoflavone recognized as a useful lead in several therapeutic categories, with particular focus on anticancer drug design. The utility of chemical glycosylations as well as glycoconjugates preparation is discussed in some theoretical as well as practical aspects. Since novel approaches to chemical glycosylations and glycoconjugations are abundant and many of them proved suitable for derivatization of polyphenols a new body of evidence has emerged, indicating that sugar moiety can play a much more significant role, when attached to a pharmacophore, then being a mere “solubilizer”. In many cases, it has been demonstrated that semisynthetic glycoconjugates are much more potent cytostatic and cytotoxic agents than reference isoflavones. Moreover, the newly designed glycosides or glycoside mimics can act through different mechanisms than the parent active molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wiesław Szeja
- Silesian Technical University, Department of Chemistry, Krzywoustego 4, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | | | - Aleksandra Rusin
- Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Gliwice Branch, Wybrzeze AK 15, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
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Hahn P, Kasprzycka A, Szeja W. Synthesis of 2-deoxygalactopyranoside derivatives of benzyl alcohols with β-galactosidase fromAspergillus oryzae. BIOCATAL BIOTRANSFOR 2014. [DOI: 10.3109/10242422.2014.975216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Swiatek-Machado K, Mieczkowski J, Ellert-Miklaszewska A, Swierk P, Fokt I, Szymanski S, Skora S, Szeja W, Grynkiewicz G, Lesyng B, Priebe W, Kaminska B. Novel small molecular inhibitors disrupt the JAK/STAT3 and FAK signaling pathways and exhibit a potent antitumor activity in glioma cells. Cancer Biol Ther 2014; 13:657-70. [DOI: 10.4161/cbt.20083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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11
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Gruza M, Jatczak K, Komor K, Świerk P, Szeja W, Grynkiewicz G. Synthesis of protoescigenin glycoconjugates with O-28 triazole linker. Acta Pol Pharm 2014; 71:959-965. [PMID: 25745768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
New triazole linked conjugates were obtained from protoescigenin monopropargyl ethers and sugar azides, under Cu(II) salt promotion in good yield, without losing isopropylidene protection.
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12
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Komor K, Szeja W, Komor R, Pastuch-Gawołek G, Thiem J. Synthesis of fucosylated uridine conjugates as potential glycosyltransferase inhibitors. Acta Pol Pharm 2014; 71:1083-1089. [PMID: 25745784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
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13
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Papaj K, Rusin A, Szeja W, Grynkiewicz G. Absorption and metabolism of biologically active genistein derivatives in colon carcinoma cell line (Caco-2). Acta Pol Pharm 2014; 71:1037-1044. [PMID: 25745776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Several genistein derivatives comprising an isoflavonoid skeleton substituted with an alkyl chain and a sugar moiety show ability to inhibit proliferation of cancer cells in vitro at the concentration several-fold lower than genistein. In our previous studies we shown that these compounds influenced the mitotic spindle, blocked the cell cycle and induced apoptosis. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between structural modifications of genistein molecule and the intestinal disposition of its derivatives. Transport and metabolism of these compounds were studied in the human intestinal Caco-2 model. The results of our study indicate that transport and metabolism of genistein derivatives depend both, on the structure of the carbonyl linker and position of genistein molecule substitution. All new compounds showed higher permeability coefficient in comparison to genistein. Moreover, genistein derivatives described in this work were transformed in Caco-2 cells into glucuronide and sulfate metabolites.
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14
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Komor R, Kasprzycka A, Pastuch-Gawołek G, Szeja W. Simple synthesis of glycosylthiols and thioglycosides by rearrangement of O-glycosyl thionocarbamates. Carbohydr Res 2014; 396:37-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2014.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2014] [Revised: 06/30/2014] [Accepted: 07/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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15
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Komor K, Szeja W, Bieg T, Kuźnik N, Pastuch-Gawołek G, Komor R. An approach for disaccharide chiron synthesis using a Ferrier-type rearrangement. Tetrahedron Lett 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2014.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kasprzycka
- a Department of Chemistry , Silesian Technical University , Gliwice , Poland
| | | | - Wiesław Szeja
- a Department of Chemistry , Silesian Technical University , Gliwice , Poland
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Paszkowska J, Kral K, Bieg T, Nawrot U, Szeja W, Wandzik I. Synthesis and preliminary biological evaluations of 5'-substituted derivatives of uridine as glycosyltransferase inhibitors. Molecules 2013; 18:8018-27. [PMID: 23884133 PMCID: PMC6270623 DOI: 10.3390/molecules18078018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2013] [Accepted: 06/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
New derivatives of uridine which contain a β-ketoenol motif were synthesized, characterized and biologically tested. Synthesized compounds 1–4 showed no activity against bovine milk β-1,4-galactosyltransferase I at concentrations up to 2.0 mM and were not active against Candida albicans and Aspergilus fumigatus up to the maximum tested concentration of 1,000 µg/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jadwiga Paszkowska
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Bioorganic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Silesian University of Technology, B. Krzywoustego 4, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland; E-Mails: (J.P.); (K.K.); (T.B.); (W.S.)
| | - Katarzyna Kral
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Bioorganic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Silesian University of Technology, B. Krzywoustego 4, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland; E-Mails: (J.P.); (K.K.); (T.B.); (W.S.)
| | - Tadeusz Bieg
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Bioorganic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Silesian University of Technology, B. Krzywoustego 4, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland; E-Mails: (J.P.); (K.K.); (T.B.); (W.S.)
| | - Urszula Nawrot
- Department of Microbiology, Wroclaw Medical University, T. Chałubińskiego 4, 50-368 Wrocław, Poland; E-Mail:
| | - Wiesław Szeja
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Bioorganic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Silesian University of Technology, B. Krzywoustego 4, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland; E-Mails: (J.P.); (K.K.); (T.B.); (W.S.)
| | - Ilona Wandzik
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Bioorganic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Silesian University of Technology, B. Krzywoustego 4, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland; E-Mails: (J.P.); (K.K.); (T.B.); (W.S.)
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +48-32-2372028; Fax: +48-32-2372094
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Goj K, Rusin A, Szeja W, Kitel R, Komor R, Grynkiewicz G. Synthesis of genistein 2,3-anhydroglycoconjugates -- potential antiproliferative agents. Acta Pol Pharm 2012; 69:1239-1247. [PMID: 23285686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The title compounds, variously protected 2.3-anhydrosugars linked with genistein through an alkyl chain, were synthesized in a sequence of reactions. First step involved Ferrier rearragement of 3,4-di-O-acetyl-L-rhamnal with 3-bromopropanol to obtain 2,3-unsaturated bromoalkylglycosides. The next step was epoxidation with m-CPBA and finally these compounds were connected with genistein in reaction of 7-O-genistein tetra-butylamonium salt with 2,3-anhydro bromoalkylglycosides. Obtained glycoconjugates differ in orientation of an oxirane ring and the protecting group in a sugar moiety. All compounds were tested in vitro for antiproliferative potential in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Goj
- Silesian University of Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Organic Chemistry, Bioorganic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Gliwice, Poland.
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Grec M, Swierk P, Pastuch-Gawołek G, Szeja W. Synthesis of galactothiophosphoesters of uridine and preliminary tests to evaluate their activity against selected glycosyltransferases. Acta Pol Pharm 2012; 69:1248-1258. [PMID: 23285687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Glycoconjugates (8-13) were obtained in condensation reaction of selectively protected thiophosphoesters of uridine with 2,3,4.6-tetra-O-acetyl-1-thio-beta-D-galactose. In sequence of reactions: selective protection of esculine, glycosylation reaction and deprotecion beta-D-galactopiranoside-(1-4)-esculine (20) was obtained as a model of the product reaction catalyzed by GTs. Prepared glycococnjugates (8-13) were checked using TLC methods in terms of inhibition of bovine milk beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Grec
- Silesian University of Technology, Department of Chemistry, Gliwice, Poland.
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21
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Komor R, Pastuch-Gawołek G, Sobania A, Jadwiński M, Szeja W. Application of different alpha-1-thioglycosides preparation methods in synthesis of 5-nitro-2-pyridyl 1-thioglycosides substrates in synthesis of conjugates with uridine moiety. Part I. Acta Pol Pharm 2012; 69:1259-1269. [PMID: 23285688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of (5-nitro-2-pyridyl) 2-deoxy-1-thioglycosides is presented. Obtained compounds were used in the synthesis of uridine derivatives, potential glycosyltransferases inhibitors. In the first stage of the research 2-deoxyglucose and 2-deoxygalactose were connected to aglycone (nitropyridine derivative) via alpha-1-thioglycosidic bond. Therefore, protected 1.2-unsaturated D-glucose or D-galactose derivatives were treated with 2-thio-5-nitropyridine in the presence of the catalyst. In the next step nitro group in the aglycone was reduced in the reaction with the use of zinc dust in acetic acid. Then, these compounds were connected to selectively protected uridine derivatives by amide bond with or without succinic spacer. The obtained glycoconjugates differ in the protecting group of the carbohydrate part and in the presence of the spacer between the sugar and uridine moiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman Komor
- Silesian University of Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Organic Chemistry, Bioorganic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Gliwice, Poland.
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22
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Bieg T, Kral K, Paszkowska J, Szeja W, Wandzik I. Microwave-Assisted Regioselective Benzylation: An Access to Glycal Derivatives with a Free Hydroxyl Group at C4. J Carbohydr Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/07328303.2012.698438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Kloska A, Narajczyk M, Jakóbkiewicz-Banecka J, Grynkiewicz G, Szeja W, Gabig-Cimińska M, Węgrzyn G. Synthetic genistein derivatives as modulators of glycosaminoglycan storage. J Transl Med 2012; 10:153. [PMID: 22846663 PMCID: PMC3441846 DOI: 10.1186/1479-5876-10-153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2012] [Accepted: 07/16/2012] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Mucopolysaccharidoses (MPS) are severe metabolic disorders caused by accumulation of undegraded glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) in lysosomes due to defects in certain lysosomal hydrolases. Substrate reduction therapy (SRT) has been proposed as one of potential treatment procedures of MPS. Importantly, small molecules used in such a therapy might potentially cross the blood–brain barrier (BBB) and improve neurological status of patients, as reported for a natural isoflavone, 5, 7-dihydroxy-3- (4-hydroxyphenyl)-4 H-1-benzopyran-4-one, also known as genistein. Although genistein is able to cross BBB to some extent, its delivery to the central nervous system is still relatively poor (below 10% efficiency). Thus, we aimed to develop a set of synthetically modified genistein molecules and characterize physicochemical as well as biological properties of these compounds. Methods Following parameters were determined for the tested synthetic derivatives of genistein: cytotoxicity, effects on cell proliferation, kinetics of GAG synthesis, effects on epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor’s tyrosine kinase activity, effects on lysosomal storage, potential ability to cross BBB. Results We observed that some synthetic derivatives inhibited GAG synthesis similarly to, or more efficiently than, genistein and were able to reduce lysosomal storage in MPS III fibroblasts. The tested compounds were generally of low cytotoxicity and had minor effects on cell proliferation. Moreover, synthetic derivatives of genistein revealed higher lipophilicity (assessed in silico) than the natural isoflavone. Conclusion Some compounds tested in this study might be promising candidates for further studies on therapeutic agents in MPS types with neurological symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kloska
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Gdańsk, Kładki 24, Gdańsk, 80-822, Poland
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Pastuch G, Komor R, Grec M, Szeja W. 5-Nitro-2-pyridyl-1-thioglucosides: application in synthesis of analogues of glycosyltransferases natural substrates. Acta Pol Pharm 2010; 67:642-651. [PMID: 21229881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
5-Nitro-2-pyridyl-1-thioglucosides were used in synthesis of complex uridine derivatives (13-16) in two different sequences of reactions. In one route, the first step was glycosylation of selectively protected 5-nitro-2-pyridyl-1-thioglucoside 1 with two different glycosyl donors (5 or 6), next, the nitro group in aglycone of obtained disaccharides 7 or 8 was reduced and then obtained products 9 or 10 were condensed with uridine derivatives 3 or 4 using DMT-MM as condensing agent under microwave irradiation. In the second route, condensation and glycosylation reactions were applied in reverse order. As it turned up, a sequence of reactions affected the yield of final glycoconjugates 13-16 and depended on the type of uridine derivatives used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Pastuch
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Bioorganic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology, Krzywoustego 4, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland.
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Grec M, Swierk P, Pastuch G, Szeja W. Glycoconjugates, products of uridine derivatives phosphitylation and oxidation as glycosyltransferases potential inhibitors. Acta Pol Pharm 2010; 67:652-663. [PMID: 21229882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The title compounds, variously protected 5'-uridine derivatives connected with 1-thiosugar with thio-phosphoesters fragment (17-22) were synthesized in sequence of reactions: phosphitylation--reaction of 5'-hydroxyl group of selectively protected nucleoside with a phosphitylating agent (N,N-diisopropyl chlorophosphoamidite), connection an phosphoroamidites with 2-bromoethanol or 3-bromopropanol and secondary oxidation with sulfur presence and finally condensation reaction of obtained products with 1-thiosugar. Received glycoconjugates (17-22) had a structure which mimic to structure of natural glycosyltransferases substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Grec
- Silesian University of Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Organic Chemistry, Bioorganic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Krzywoustego 4, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
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Rusin A, Krawczyk Z, Grynkiewicz G, Gogler A, Zawisza-Puchałka J, Szeja W. Synthetic derivatives of genistein, their properties and possible applications. Acta Biochim Pol 2010; 57:23-34. [PMID: 20216977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2009] [Revised: 02/09/2010] [Accepted: 03/02/2010] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Genistein, the principal isoflavone constituent of soybean, attracts much attention as a natural molecule with significant affinity towards targets of potential medicinal interest, but also as a food supplement or prospective chemopreventive agent. Since its physicochemical properties are considered suboptimal for drug development, much effort has been invested in designing its analogs and conjugates in hope to obtain compounds with improved efficacy and selectivity. The aim of this article is to summarize current knowledge about the properties of synthetic genistein derivatives and to discuss possible clinical application of selected novel compounds. Some basic information concerning chemical reactivity of genistein, relevant to the synthesis of its derivatives, is also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Rusin
- Maria Skłodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Gliwice Branch, Poland.
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Rusin A, Krawczyk Z, Grynkiewicz G, Gogler A, Zawisza-Puchałka J, Szeja W. Synthetic derivatives of genistein, their properties and possible applications. Acta Biochim Pol 2010. [DOI: 10.18388/abp.2010_2368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Genistein, the principal isoflavone constituent of soybean, attracts much attention as a natural molecule with significant affinity towards targets of potential medicinal interest, but also as a food supplement or prospective chemopreventive agent. Since its physicochemical properties are considered suboptimal for drug development, much effort has been invested in designing its analogs and conjugates in hope to obtain compounds with improved efficacy and selectivity. The aim of this article is to summarize current knowledge about the properties of synthetic genistein derivatives and to discuss possible clinical application of selected novel compounds. Some basic information concerning chemical reactivity of genistein, relevant to the synthesis of its derivatives, is also presented.
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Kaminski K, Kaminska E, Ngai KL, Paluch M, Wlodarczyk P, Kasprzycka A, Szeja W. Identifying the origins of two secondary relaxations in polysaccharides. J Phys Chem B 2009; 113:10088-96. [PMID: 19572673 DOI: 10.1021/jp809760t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The main goal of this paper is to identify the molecular origins of two secondary relaxations observed in mechanical as well as in dielectric spectra in polysaccharides, including cellulose, and starches, such as pullulan and dextran. This issue has been actively pursued by many research groups, but consensus has not been reached. By comparing experimental data of monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides, we are able to make conclusions on the origins of two secondary relaxations in polysaccharides. The faster secondary relaxations of polysaccharides are similar to the faster secondary relaxations of mono-, di-, and oligosaccharides. These include comparable relaxation times and activation energies in the glassy states, and also all the faster secondary relaxations have larger dielectric strengths than the slower secondary relaxation. The similarities indicate that the faster secondary relaxations in the polysaccharides have the same origin as that in mono-, di-, and oligosaccharides. Furthermore, since the relaxation time of the faster secondary relaxation in several mono- and disaccharides was found to be insensitive to applied pressure, the faster secondary relaxations of the polysaccharides are identified as internal motions within their monomeric units. The slower secondary relaxations in polysaccharides also have similar characteristics to those of the slower secondary relaxations of the disaccharides (maltose, cellobiose, sucrose, and trehalose), which indicates the analogous motions govern the slower process in these two groups of carbohydrates. Earlier we have shown in disaccharides that the rotation of the monomeric units around the glycosidic bond is responsible for this process. The same motion can occur in polysaccharides in the form of a local chain rotation. These motions involve the whole molecule in disaccharides and a local segment in polysaccharides. It is intermolecular in nature (with relaxation time pressure dependent, as found before in a disaccharide), and hence, it is the precursor of the structural alpha-relaxation. These results lead us to identify the slower secondary relaxation of the polysaccharides as the Johari-Goldstein beta-relaxation, which is supposedly a universal and fundamental process in all glass-forming substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Kaminski
- Institute of Physics, Silesian University, ul. Uniwersytecka 4, 40-007 Katowice, Poland
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Kaminski K, Kaminska E, Pawlus S, Wlodarczyk P, Paluch M, Ziolo J, Kasprzycka A, Szeja W, Ngai K, Pilch J. Dielectric properties of two diastereoisomers of the arabinose and their equimolar mixture. Carbohydr Res 2009; 344:2547-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2009.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2009] [Revised: 09/22/2009] [Accepted: 10/02/2009] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Rusin A, Gogler A, Głowala-Kosińska M, Bochenek D, Gruca A, Grynkiewicz G, Zawisza J, Szeja W, Krawczyk Z. Unsaturated genistein disaccharide glycoside as a novel agent affecting microtubules. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2009; 19:4939-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2009.07.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2009] [Revised: 07/14/2009] [Accepted: 07/16/2009] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Maniewska J, Grynkiewicz G, Szeja W, Hendrich AB. Interaction of genistein benzyl derivatives with lipid bilayers--fluorescence spectroscopic and calorimetric study. Bioorg Med Chem 2008; 17:2592-7. [PMID: 19249214 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2008.12.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2008] [Revised: 12/17/2008] [Accepted: 12/22/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of the present paper was to assess the ability of genistein benzyl derivatives to interact with lipid bilayers. Calorimetric and fluorescence spectroscopic measurements revealed that, depending on the details of chemical structure, the studied compounds penetrated bilayers and affected their polar as well as hydrophobic regions. It was also found that physical state of bilayer played some role in flavonoid-lipid interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Maniewska
- Department of Biophysics, Wrocław Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
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Środa K, Michalak K, Maniewska J, Grynkiewicz G, Szeja W, Zawisza J, Hendrich AB. Genistein derivatives decrease liposome membrane integrity — Calcein release and molecular modeling study. Biophys Chem 2008; 138:78-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpc.2008.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2008] [Revised: 09/02/2008] [Accepted: 09/03/2008] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Grynkiewicz G, Szeja W, Boryski J. Synthetic analogs of natural glycosides in drug discovery and development. Acta Pol Pharm 2008; 65:655-676. [PMID: 19172847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Secondary metabolites, which have vital environmental and allelopathic functions for a host, and long tradition of ethnopharmacological applications preceding modern medicinal use, often occur in their native state as glycosides. The role of sugar moiety looks completely different from plant physiology point of view and from drug discovery and development perspective. Based on a short survey of cases, in which structural modification of natural glycone (saccharide part of a low molecular weight secondary metabolite) resulted in advantageous pharmacological changes, we postulate that glycosides of natural origin can be quite promising as drug leads, based on general rules of drug design. In particular, polyfunctional sugar moieties offer ample opportunities for almost continuous changes in shape, electron density and polarity. By the same token, glycosylation of other biologically active natural products, which are not natively glycosylated, can be viewed as a tool for tune up of their activity in direction of higher efficacy and better selectivity. Despite of considerable advances towards turning enzymatic glycosylations into biotechnological processes, chemical transformations still remain more practical, particularly for synthesis of modified glycosides, both: in research laboratory and in industry.
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Kaminski K, Kaminska E, Wlodarczyk P, Pawlus S, Kimla D, Kasprzycka A, Paluch M, Ziolo J, Szeja W, Ngai KL. Dielectric Studies on Mobility of the Glycosidic Linkage in Seven Disaccharides. J Phys Chem B 2008; 112:12816-23. [DOI: 10.1021/jp804240a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K. Kaminski
- Institute of Physics, Silesian Univ., ul. Uniwersytecka 4, 40-007 Katowice, Poland, Silesian University of Technology, Department of Chemistry, Division of Organic, Chemistry, Biochemistry and Biotechnology, ul. Krzywoustego 4, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland, and Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375-5320
| | - E. Kaminska
- Institute of Physics, Silesian Univ., ul. Uniwersytecka 4, 40-007 Katowice, Poland, Silesian University of Technology, Department of Chemistry, Division of Organic, Chemistry, Biochemistry and Biotechnology, ul. Krzywoustego 4, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland, and Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375-5320
| | - P. Wlodarczyk
- Institute of Physics, Silesian Univ., ul. Uniwersytecka 4, 40-007 Katowice, Poland, Silesian University of Technology, Department of Chemistry, Division of Organic, Chemistry, Biochemistry and Biotechnology, ul. Krzywoustego 4, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland, and Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375-5320
| | - S. Pawlus
- Institute of Physics, Silesian Univ., ul. Uniwersytecka 4, 40-007 Katowice, Poland, Silesian University of Technology, Department of Chemistry, Division of Organic, Chemistry, Biochemistry and Biotechnology, ul. Krzywoustego 4, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland, and Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375-5320
| | - D. Kimla
- Institute of Physics, Silesian Univ., ul. Uniwersytecka 4, 40-007 Katowice, Poland, Silesian University of Technology, Department of Chemistry, Division of Organic, Chemistry, Biochemistry and Biotechnology, ul. Krzywoustego 4, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland, and Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375-5320
| | - A. Kasprzycka
- Institute of Physics, Silesian Univ., ul. Uniwersytecka 4, 40-007 Katowice, Poland, Silesian University of Technology, Department of Chemistry, Division of Organic, Chemistry, Biochemistry and Biotechnology, ul. Krzywoustego 4, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland, and Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375-5320
| | - M. Paluch
- Institute of Physics, Silesian Univ., ul. Uniwersytecka 4, 40-007 Katowice, Poland, Silesian University of Technology, Department of Chemistry, Division of Organic, Chemistry, Biochemistry and Biotechnology, ul. Krzywoustego 4, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland, and Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375-5320
| | - J. Ziolo
- Institute of Physics, Silesian Univ., ul. Uniwersytecka 4, 40-007 Katowice, Poland, Silesian University of Technology, Department of Chemistry, Division of Organic, Chemistry, Biochemistry and Biotechnology, ul. Krzywoustego 4, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland, and Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375-5320
| | - W. Szeja
- Institute of Physics, Silesian Univ., ul. Uniwersytecka 4, 40-007 Katowice, Poland, Silesian University of Technology, Department of Chemistry, Division of Organic, Chemistry, Biochemistry and Biotechnology, ul. Krzywoustego 4, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland, and Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375-5320
| | - K. L. Ngai
- Institute of Physics, Silesian Univ., ul. Uniwersytecka 4, 40-007 Katowice, Poland, Silesian University of Technology, Department of Chemistry, Division of Organic, Chemistry, Biochemistry and Biotechnology, ul. Krzywoustego 4, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland, and Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375-5320
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Chełmecka E, Pasterny K, Gawlik-Jędrysiak M, Szeja W, Wrzalik R. Theoretical and experimental studies on methyl α-d-glucopyranoside derivatives. J Mol Struct 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2006.10.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Wiesław Szeja
- a Faculty of Chemistry , Silesian University of Technology , Gliwice, Poland
| | - Gabriela Pastuch
- a Faculty of Chemistry , Silesian University of Technology , Gliwice, Poland
| | - Ilona Wandzik
- a Faculty of Chemistry , Silesian University of Technology , Gliwice, Poland
| | - Nikodem Kuźnik
- a Faculty of Chemistry , Silesian University of Technology , Gliwice, Poland
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Wandzik I, Bugla J, Szeja W. Regio- and stereoselectivity in preparation of 2-deoxysugar glycoglycerolipid derivatives evaluated by high resolution 1H NMR. Chem Phys Lipids 2005; 139:77-83. [PMID: 16256095 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2005.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2004] [Revised: 09/19/2005] [Accepted: 09/19/2005] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
New glycoglycerolipids, derivatives of 2-deoxysugars bearing one or two fatty acid chains have been synthesised. Various levels of regio- and stereoselectivity have been attained for the triphenylphosphine hydrobromide (TPHB) catalysed addition of the glycerol moiety to some representative glycals. The influence of the structure of glycal derivatives in glycosylation reactions is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilona Wandzik
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Bioorganic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Krzywoustego 4, Poland.
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Kasprzycka A, Szeja W, Grynkiewicz G. Glycosylation of acid sensitive acceptors. Synthesis of (2,3-epoxy-1-propyl) glycosides. Carbohydr Res 2005; 340:2443-6. [PMID: 16109387 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2005.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2005] [Revised: 07/11/2005] [Accepted: 07/19/2005] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Treatment of O-benzylated derivatives of glycosyl N-allyl thiocarbamate with racemic or enantiomerically pure glycidol and bromine provides the 1,2-cis-glycidyl glycosides. This protocol was mild, highly stereoselective and efficient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kasprzycka
- Silesian Technical University, Department of Chemistry, Krzywoustego 4, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland.
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Bogusiak J, Szeja W. Studies on the synthesis of 1,2-cis pentofuranosides from S-glycofuranosyl dithiocarbamates, dithiocarbonates and phosphorodithioates. Carbohydr Res 2001; 330:141-4. [PMID: 11217957 DOI: 10.1016/s0008-6215(00)00220-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
The selectivity in the synthesis of 1,2-cis glycofuranosides from dithiocarbonates, dithiocarbamates and phosphorodithioates is improved by combined use of silver triflate and catalytic amount of hexamethylphosphoramide (HMPA) under mild conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Bogusiak
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Silesian Medical School, Sosnowiec, Poland
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Pastuch G, Wandzik I, Szeja W, Grynkiewicz G, Ramza J, Priebe W, Pucko W. NEW SYNTHESIS OF O- AND S-GLYCOSYL DERIVATIVES OF 2-CHLORO-3-CYANO-5-NITROPYRIDINE. HETEROCYCL COMMUN 2001. [DOI: 10.1515/hc.2001.7.4.317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Szeja W, Bogusiak J. Synthesis ofS-GlycosylN,N-Diethyldithiocarbamates from Protected, Reducing Monosaccharides Under Phase-Transfer Conditions. SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART 1988. [DOI: 10.1055/s-1988-27520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Bieg T, Szeja W. Catalytic-transfer hydrogenolysis of benzylidene acetals with palladium-carbon and ammonium formate or hydrazine hydrate. Carbohydr Res 1986. [DOI: 10.1016/s0008-6215(00)90044-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Bogusiak J, Szeja W. Synthesis of bis(2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-β-d-glucopyranosyl and -galactopyranosyl) sulfide using phase-transfer catalysis. Carbohydr Res 1985. [DOI: 10.1016/s0008-6215(00)90766-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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