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Xu F, Zhang X, Zhang Y, Chen W, Liao Z. Causal Relationship of Obstructive Sleep Apnea with Bone Mineral Density and the Role of BMI. Nat Sci Sleep 2024; 16:325-333. [PMID: 38533250 PMCID: PMC10964782 DOI: 10.2147/nss.s443557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Observational studies have yielded conflicting evidence concerning the relationships between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and bone mineral density (BMD). As the exact causal inferences remain inconclusive, we conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) to identify the causal associations between OSA and BMD. Methods Single-nucleotide polymorphisms associated with OSA were extracted from the FinnGen study. Summary statistics for 10 BMD measured at different age or skeletal sites were obtained from the publicly available IEU GWAS database. Inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method was chosen as the primary analysis, combined with several sensitivity analyses to evaluate the robustness of results. The study design included two-sample MR and network MR. Results Our primary MR analysis revealed that genetically predicted OSA was positively linked to increased forearm BMD (β = 0.24, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.06-0.41, p = 0.009) and heel BMD (β=0.10, 95% CI = 0.02-0.18, p = 0.018), while no significant causal relationships were observed between OSA and total body BMD, lumbar spine BMD, or femoral neck BMD (all p > 0.05). Network MR suggests that OSA might act as a mediating factor in the effect of BMI on forearm BMD and heel BMD, with a mediated portion estimated at 73% and 84%, respectively. Conclusion Our findings provide support for a causal relationship between genetically predicted OSA and increased forearm BMD and heel BMD. Furthermore, our results suggest that OSA may play a role in mediating the influence of BMI on BMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Xu
- General Surgery Department, Zhongshan Boai Hospital, Zhongshan, Guangdong, 528400, People’s Republic of China
| | - XiuRong Zhang
- Breast Surgery Department, Zhongshan Boai Hospital, Zhongshan, Guangdong, 528400, People’s Republic of China
| | - YinRong Zhang
- General Surgery Department, Zhongshan Boai Hospital, Zhongshan, Guangdong, 528400, People’s Republic of China
| | - WenHui Chen
- Department of Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510630, People’s Republic of China
| | - ZiCong Liao
- General Surgery Department, Zhongshan Boai Hospital, Zhongshan, Guangdong, 528400, People’s Republic of China
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Wang YN, Shen ZJ, Xi WW, Zhu YM, Zhang XR, Zhang C, Qiu XH, Xu PJ, Hu YY, Wang JD. [Construction of a risk prediction model for diabetes after kidney transplantation based on genome-wide association study]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2024; 104:138-146. [PMID: 38186135 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20231024-00880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the clinical risk factors and susceptibility genes of diabetes after kidney transplantation (PTDM) and construct a risk prediction model for PTDM. Methods: The data of kidney transplant recipients who underwent follow-up in the Affiliated Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University and Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine from January 2001 to December 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. The recipients were divided into PTDM group and Non-PTDM group according to whether they were complicated with PTDM. The differences in clinical indicators between the two groups were compared, the risk factors affecting the incidence of PTDM were determined, and susceptibility genes of PTDM were screened by genome-wide association study (GWAS). PTDM risk prediction models based only on clinical indicators (Model 1) and clinical indicators combined with susceptibility genes (Model 2) were established respectively, and the predictive performance of the two prediction models was compared. Finally, the Nomogram of the optimal model was drawn, and the discrimination, calibration and clinical applicability of the model were evaluated. Results: A total of 113 kidney transplant recipients (70 males and 43 females) were included, with an average age of (46.2±10.8) years. There were 51 cases in PTDM group and 62 cases in Non-PTDM group. The related factors screened by GWAS and logistic regression analysis included family history of diabetes (OR=88.912, 95%CI: 5.827-1 356.601, P=0.001), preoperative triglyceride (TG) (OR=1.888, 95 %CI: 1.150-3.098, P=0.012), uric acid (UA) (OR=1.011, 95%CI: 1.000-1.022, P=0.045) and rs802707 (OR=10.046, 95%CI: 1.462-69.042, P=0.019). The area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristics analysis (ROC) predicted by Model 1 for PTDM was 0.891 (95%CI: 0.811-0.972), with the sensitivity of 0.889 and the specificity of 0.742. The AUC of ROC curve predicted by Model 2 for PTDM was 0.930 (95%CI: 0.864-0.995), with the sensitivity of 0.885 and the specificity of 0.900. Conclusions: Family history of diabetes, preoperative TG and UA, and rs802707 are significantly associated with the occurrence of PTDM. In addition, the combination of susceptibility genes could improve the predictive ability of clinical indicators for the risk of PTDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y N Wang
- Department of Nephrology, the Affiliated Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315040, China
| | - Z J Shen
- Department of Nephrology, the Affiliated Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315040, China
| | - W W Xi
- Department of Nephrology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Y M Zhu
- Department of Nephrology, the Affiliated Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315040, China
| | - X R Zhang
- Department of Laboratory, the Affiliated Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315040, China
| | - C Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, the Affiliated Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315040, China
| | - X H Qiu
- Department of Nephrology, the Affiliated Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315040, China
| | - P J Xu
- Department of Nephrology, the Affiliated Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315040, China
| | - Y Y Hu
- Department of Nephrology, the Affiliated Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315040, China
| | - J D Wang
- Department of Nephrology, the Affiliated Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315040, China
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Xu JJ, Shi C, Hong XQ, Chu F, Bai QK, Wang J, Shi YM, Guo ZX, Zhang XR, Wang FC, Zhang M, Chang XT, Zhang XC, Zhong YW. [Study of the predictive role of serum HBV RNA on HBeAg serological conversion in children with chronic hepatitis B]. Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi 2023; 31:1182-1186. [PMID: 38238952 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20220121-00038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the role of serum hepatitis B virus RNA (HBV RNA) in predicting HBeAg serological conversion in children with chronic hepatitis B. Methods: 175 children aged 1~17 years with chronic hepatitis B who received interferon α (IFNα) for 48 weeks were selected. Patients were divided into HBeAg seroconversion and non-conversion based on whether HBeAg seroconversion occurred at 48 weeks of treatment.T-test and Mann-Whitney U test were used to compare between groups; chisquare test or Fisher exact probability method was used to compare the frequency between groups of classified variables; and Pearson correlation was used to analyze the correlation between indicators. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to identify influencing factors associated with HBeAg serological conversion. The predictive effect of HBV RNA, HBV DNA, and HBsAg on HBeAg serological conversion was compared and analyzed by the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC). Results: The seroconversion rate of HBeAg at 48 weeks was 36.0% (63/175). The reduction in HBVRNA levels from baseline to the 12th, 24th, 36th, and 48th weeks of antiviral therapy was significantly greater in the HBeAg serological conversion group than that in the non-conversion group, and the difference was statistically significant between the two groups (P < 0.05). Univariate and multivariate regression analyses showed that age and a decline in HBV RNA levels at week 12 were independent predictors of HBeAg serological conversion. The area under the ROC curve (AUROC) of HBV RNA decline at week 12 was 0.677(95% CI∶0.549-0.806, P = 0.012), which was significantly better than the same period of AUROC of HBV DNA (0.657, 95% CI∶0.527-0.788, P = 0.025) and HBsAg (0.660, 95% CI∶0.526-0.795, P = 0.023) decline. HBV RNA levels decreased (>1.385 log10 copies/ml) at week 12, with a positive predictive value of 53.2%, a negative predictive value of 72.2%, a sensitivity of 77.4%, and a specificity of 57.9% for HBeAg seroconversion. Conclusion: HBV RNA level lowering during the 12th week of antiviral therapy can serve as an early predictor marker for HBeAg serological conversion in children with chronic hepatitis B.
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Affiliation(s)
- J J Xu
- Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou 075000, China the Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100039, China
| | - C Shi
- the Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100039, China
| | - X Q Hong
- Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou 075000, China the Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100039, China
| | - F Chu
- the Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Q K Bai
- Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou 075000, China
| | - J Wang
- Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou 075000, China
| | - Y M Shi
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Z X Guo
- Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou 075000, China
| | - X R Zhang
- Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou 075000, China
| | - F C Wang
- the Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100039, China
| | - M Zhang
- the Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100039, China
| | - X T Chang
- Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou 075000, China
| | - X C Zhang
- Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou 075000, China
| | - Y W Zhong
- the Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100039, China
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Zhang YM, Shao SM, Zhang XR. [Research progress on neurodevelopmental outcomes of small for gestational age infants]. Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2023; 57:935-940. [PMID: 37357216 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20220726-00756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
The incidence of perinatal disease and perinatal mortality in small for gestational age infants increased significantly. This group of people is prone to a variety of long-term metabolic diseases and cardiovascular diseases, and is also prone to growth retardation and neurodevelopmental delay, which will seriously affect the long-term quality of life of children. The article studies the neurodevelopmental outcomes of small-for-gestational-age infants. By reviewing and sorting out previous literature, the neurodevelopmental disorders of small-for-gestational-age infants are analyzed according to five aspects: intellectual development, motor development, language development, sensory development, and mental illness. The classification and summary were carried out, and the influencing factors of neurodevelopmental disorders of SGA were also evaluated, so as to provide reference for promoting the improvement of neurodevelopmental outcomes of small-for-gestational-age infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y M Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - S M Shao
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - X R Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
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Zhang XR, Meng HT, Shi JF, Wang N, Wang ZY, Zhang B, Zhu BF, Guo YX. Efficiency evaluation of common forensic genetic markers for parentage identification involving close relatives. Forensic Sci Int 2023; 345:111594. [PMID: 36871533 DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2023.111594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
To explore the efficacy of commonly used forensic identification panels in complex paternity testing of trios that involved close relatives, we wrote a code by R to generate 10,000 pedigrees at 20 CODIS STR, 21 non-CODIS STR and 30 InDel loci in Chinese five ethnic groups based on their allele frequencies. Parentage identification index--cumulative paternity index (CPI) value was set as output and was further analyzed to evaluate the performance of the aforementioned panels in complex paternity testing when the alleged parent is a random individual, biological parent, grandparent, sibling of biological parent, half-sibling of biological parent, etc. The results showed that the false inclusion of parent sibling posed as parent demonstrated no statistically significant difference from that of grandparent posed as parent. The scenarios where both biological parent and alleged parent were consanguineous to the other parent were also simulated. The results revealed that the complexity of paternity testing would raise when biological parents were consanguineous and the alleged parent was a close relative of theirs. Despite the values of non-conformity number could vary in different genetic relationships, populations and panels, 20 CODIS STRs and 21 non-CODIS STRs performed satisfactorily in most simulated scenarios. However, the joint use of 20 CODIS STRs and 21 non-CODIS STRs is more recommendable when resolving the paternity testing of the incest mating case. Overall, the current study could be regarded as a worthwhile reference in complex paternity testing of trios that involved close relatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- X R Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China; Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China; College of Forensic Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710004, China
| | - H T Meng
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China; Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China
| | - J F Shi
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China; Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China
| | - N Wang
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China; Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China
| | - Z Y Wang
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China; Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China
| | - B Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China; Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China
| | - B F Zhu
- Multi-Omics Innovative Research Center of Forensic Identification, Department of Forensic Genetics, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
| | - Y X Guo
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China; Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China.
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Yan SY, Zhang XR, Zhang RJ, Ma L, Li H, He M, Wu C, Xiao AQ, You C, Liu Y, Wang YQ, Tian R. [Construction of zebrafish models for screening intracranial hemorrhage associated genes]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2022; 102:2619-2623. [PMID: 36058688 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20211206-02713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To construct zebrafish models for the screening of intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) associated genes. Methods: ICH zebrafish models were constructed through morpholino oligonucleotides (MOs) technique and microinjection technique, and multiple verification was performed from macro and micro perspectives. First, the normal wild-type AB strain zebrafish injected with control MO was used as the control group, and AB zebrafish embryos microinjected with MOs of genes related to development of neural crest-derived cells (NCDCs) were used as the study group, such as col8a1 MO, tfap2α MO, msx1a MO, msx2 MO, and dkk1a MO. Preliminary verification of the model was conducted under a white-light optical microscope. Then, the model was verified by Tg (flk1: gfp; gata1: dsRed) double transgenic zebrafish, with vascular endothelial cells labeled by green fluorescent protein (GFP) and red blood cell labeled by fluorescent protein (dsRed), and thus the location of cerebral hemorrhage can be observed more clearly. Specifically, zebrafish embryos were microinjected with Control MO as the control group and those microinjected with col8a1 MO as the study group. Then the embryos were cultured until 48 hours post-fertilization to observe the leakage of red blood cells under the confocal laser scanning microscope. Finally, Tg (flk1: gfp) transgenic zebrafish was used to verify the model based on the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Through the leakage of dextran-rhodamine and DAPI dyes, the destruction of BBB and the occurrence of cerebral hemorrhage in zebrafish were further clarified, and quantitative statistics were carried out to verify the relationship between NCDCs development related genes and cerebral hemorrhage phenotype, which proved that the modeling was effective. Results: The zebrafish with col8a1, tfap2α, and msx1 mutations in the study group had apparent ICH compared with wildtype zebrafish, and the prevalence of ICH was 18.18% (52/286), 23.04% (62/251), and 35.94% (23/64), respectively. While, the zebrafish with msx2 and dkk1a mutations rarely had ICH, with the ICH prevalence of 1.03% (1/97) and 1.15% (1/87), respectively. The prevalence of red blood cells leakage in Tg (flk1:gfp; gata1:dsred) double transgenic zebrafish injected with Control Mo and col8a1 Mo was 0.37% (1/273) and 18.18% (52/286) (P<0.001). The number of DAPI positive nuclei of Tg (flk1: gfp) transgenic zebrafish injected with Control Mo and col8a1 Mo was 10.05±5.27 and 60.35±3.96 (P<0.001), and the fluorescent intensity of midbrain parenchymal induced by dextran-rhodamin leakage was 2.54±4.70 and 5.13±3.52 (P<0.001). Conclusion: This study successfully constructs the ICH zebrafish models, and ICH-related genes are screened out, such as col8a1, tfap2α, msx1, and so on.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Y Yan
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - X R Zhang
- Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - R J Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - L Ma
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - H Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - M He
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - C Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - A Q Xiao
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - C You
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Y Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Y Q Wang
- Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - R Tian
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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Zhang XR, Lin T, Wang XL, Wang XJ, Gu H. [Preparation of salvianolic acid B, tanshinone Ⅱ_A, and glycyrrhetinic acid lipid emulsion and its protective effect against acute liver injury induced by acetaminophen]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 2022; 47:4634-4642. [PMID: 36164869 DOI: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20220705.302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Salvianolic acid B(Sal B), tanshinone Ⅱ_A(TSN Ⅱ_A), and glycyrrhetinic acid(GA) lipid emulsion(GTS-LE) was prepared by the high-speed dispersion method combined with ultrasonic emulsification.The preparation process of the emulsion was optimized by single-factor method and D-optimal method with appearance, centrifugal stability, and particle size of the emulsion as evalua-tion indexes, followed by verification.In vitro release of Sal B, TSN Ⅱ_A, and GA in GTS-LE was performed by reverse dialysis.In vivo pharmacokinetic evaluation was carried out in mice.The acute liver injury model was induced by acetaminophen.The effect of oral GTS-LE on the acute liver injury was investigated by serum liver function indexes and pathological changes in liver tissues of mice.The results showed that under the optimal preparation process, the average particle size of GTS-LE was(145.4±9.25) nm and the Zeta potential was(-33.6±1.45) mV.The drug-loading efficiencies of Sal B, TSN Ⅱ_A, and GA in GTS-LE were above 95%, and the drug release in vitro conformed to the Higuchi equation.The pharmacokinetic results showed that the C_(max) of Sal B, TSN Ⅱ_A, and GA in GTS-LE was 3.128, 2.7, and 2.85 times that of the GTS-S group, and AUC_(0-t) of Sal B, TSN Ⅱ_A, and GA in GTS-LE was 3.09, 2.23, and 1.9 times that of the GTS-S group.After intragastric administration of GTS-LE, the activities of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase were significantly inhibited, the content of malondialdehyde was reduced, and the structure of hepatocytes recovered to normal.In conclusion, GTS-LE can delay the release of Sal B and promote the release of TSN Ⅱ_A and GA.The encapsulation of three drug components in the emulsion can improve the oral bioavailability to varying degrees and can effectively prevent the acute liver injury caused by acetaminophen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu-Rong Zhang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Beijing 102488, China
| | - Tao Lin
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Beijing 102488, China
| | - Xiu-Li Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Beijing 102488, China
| | - Xiao-Jie Wang
- College of Bioengineering,Beijing Polytechnic Beijing 100176, China
| | - Heng Gu
- TCM Pharmacy, Kunming Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Kunming 650011, China
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Yu X, Shi ZB, Jiang M, Yu GY, Zhu YL, Yang ZC, Chen W, Zhu YR, Fang KR, Tong RH, Han JH, Zhang XR. Analysis of synthetic electron cyclotron emission from the high field side of HL-2M tokamak plasmas. Rev Sci Instrum 2022; 93:083518. [PMID: 36050087 DOI: 10.1063/5.0098907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
A synthetic electron cyclotron emission (ECE) diagnostic is used to interpret ECE signals from preset plasma equilibrium profiles, including magnetic field, electron density, and electron temperature. According to the simulation results, the electron temperature (Te) profile covering the harmonic overlap region can be obtained by receiving ECE signals at the high field side (HFS) of the HL-2M plasma. The third harmonic ECE at the low field side (LFS) cannot pass through the second harmonic resonance layer at the HFS unless the optical thickness (τ) of the second harmonic becomes gray (τ ≤ 2). In addition, the impact of the relativistic frequency down-shift has been evaluated and corrected. The measurable range of the HFS ECE has been calculated by scanning different parameters (electron density, temperature, and magnetic field). Higher plasma parameters allow a wider radial range of electron temperature measurements. The minimum inner measurable position can reach R = 120 cm (r/a = -0.89) when the product of core temperature (Te0) and density (ne0) is greater than 35 × 1019 keV m-3, which is extended by more than 30 cm inward compared with that of the LFS measurement. The HFS ECE will greatly improve the diagnostic ability of ECE systems on the HL-2M tokamak.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Yu
- Southwestern Institute of Physics, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Z B Shi
- Southwestern Institute of Physics, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - M Jiang
- Southwestern Institute of Physics, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - G Y Yu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - Y L Zhu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - Z C Yang
- Southwestern Institute of Physics, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - W Chen
- Southwestern Institute of Physics, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Y R Zhu
- Southwestern Institute of Physics, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - K R Fang
- Southwestern Institute of Physics, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - R H Tong
- Southwestern Institute of Physics, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - J H Han
- Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - X R Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Beams of the Ministry of Education, School of Physics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
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Zhang Z, Zhang XR, Wang J. [Research progress on immune pathogenesis of pneumoconiosis]. Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi 2022; 40:471-476. [PMID: 35785907 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn121094-20210428-00235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Pneumoconiosis is a type of occupational disease with extensive influence and serious harm. It is a systemic disease of diffuse pulmonary fibrosis caused by the inhalation of industrial dust into the lungs, and pneumoconiosis can continue to progress without further dust exposure, eventually leading to respiratory failure and death. With the wide application of new materials, new technologies and new crafting, the increasing demand for industrial materials, the survival of a large number of dust-exposed workers during the industrial boom in the 20th century, the incidence and cumulative number of pneumoconiosis cases continued to remain high, which caused a vast economic burden to the society. The pathogenesis of pneumoconiosis is relatively complex and known to be related to mechanical stimulation, oxidative stress, inflammation, immune response, and genetic predisposition. The immune system, as the defense of the body, plays an important role in the development of pneumoconiosis. This paper reviews the recent progress on the immunological pathogenesis of pneumoconiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, NHC Key Laboratory of Pneumoconiosis, Taiyuan 030001
| | - X R Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, NHC Key Laboratory of Pneumoconiosis, Taiyuan 030001
| | - J Wang
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
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Shi YW, Qin XJ, Zeng C, Zhang XR. [Effects of typical PKC subtypes on the proliferation of mouse pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells and the expression of ERK1/2 and Akt induced by hypoxia]. Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi 2022; 45:460-467. [PMID: 35527461 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20211022-00730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To study the effects of specific isoforms of classic protein kinase C (cPKCs) on hypoxia-induced proliferation and the expression of ERK1/2 and Akt using drug intervention or virus transfection in vitro. Methods: Dynal MPC-1 magnetic particle concentrator was used to separate iron-containing pulmonary arterioles fragments, and the pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) were primary cultured and identified. The cells were intervened by PKC agonist (PMA), PKCα inhibitor (safingol), PKCβⅠ inhibitor (Go6976) and PKCβⅡ inhibitor (LY333531) respectively, and the changes in protein expressions of cPKCs, and the phosphorylation levels of ERK1/2 and Akt were observed by immunoblotting under the condition of normal oxygen or hypoxia. The lentiviral vectors of PKCα and PKCβ were used to specifically knock-down the activity of target genes by virus transfection techniques, and Western blotting was used to observe the protein expressions of cPKCs, and the phosphorylation levels of ERK1/2 and Akt in hypoxia-induced PASMCs in mice. Results: With Brdu method, the proliferation of PASMCs induced by hypoxia was significantly inhibited by safingol, Go6976 and LY333531 by inhibiting cPKCα, βⅠ and βⅡ respectively. Compared with the hypoxic control group, the rates of Brdu positive cells were (7.35±0.26)% vs (11.28±0.43)%, (3.76±0.25)% vs (7.98±0.28)% and (4.12±0.46)% vs (7.78±0.53)%. We also observed that PMA could significantly promote the proliferation of PASMCs under normoxic condition. Compared with the normoxia control group, the Brdu-positive cell rates were (9.65±0.47)% vs (6.34±0.52)%, (9.34±0.38)% vs (5.42±0.21)% and (7.78±0.53)% vs (4.12±0.46)%. In addition, after transfection with PKCα or PKCβ lentiviral vector, the proliferation of PASMCs was significantly lower in hypoxia transfection group than in the control group. The rates of Brdu positive cells were (3.58±0.54)% vs (5.97±0.63)%, respectively. Using Western blotting, we also observed that after being inhibited by safingol, Go6976 and LY333531 respectively, the phosphorylation levels of ERK1/2 and Akt in PASMCs induced by hypoxia was significantly lower than the control group. After using safingol, the phosphorylation levels of ERK1/2 and Akt were (0.56±0.07) vs (1.08±0.13) and (0.49±0.04) vs (0.97±0.08). After using Go6976, the phosphorylation levels of ERK1/2 and Akt were (0.41±0.09) vs (0.79±0.10) and (0.48±0.09) vs (0.82±0.16), after using LY333531, the phosphorylation levels of ERK1/2 and Akt were (0.42±0.03) vs (0.87±0.06) and (0.34±0.07) vs (0.78±0.05). While PMA could promote the phosphorylation levels of ERK1/2 and Akt under normoxic condition, 1.25±0.12 vs 0.41±0.07 and 0.98±0.06 vs 0.37±0.08, respectively. Using transfection technique to specifically knock down the expression of cPKCα and β, we found that under hypoxic conditions, transfection of PASMCs could significantly lower the phosphorylation levels of ERK1/2, its phosphorylation level was 0.29±0.06 vs 0.76±0.05, with no evident change in the phosphorylation levels of Akt. Conclusions: Hypoxia may lead to phosphorylation of ERK1/2 by promoting the protein expression of cPKCα, cPKCβⅠ and cPKCβⅡ respectively, which eventually induces abnormal proliferation of PASMCs from the distal pulmonary arteries, participating in the development of hypoxic pulmonary hypertension (HPH) of the mice. Regulation of the expression of cPKCα, cPKCβⅠ and cPKCβⅡ may help to attenuate the formation of pulmonary vascular remodeling. Target therapy based on cPKCs is expected to be a new direction for HPH therapy in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y W Shi
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanxi Medical University Affiliated First Hospital, Taiyuan 030012, China
| | - X J Qin
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - C Zeng
- Department of Pediatrics, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - X R Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanxi Medical University Affiliated First Hospital, Taiyuan 030012, China
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11
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Wang S, Li HS, Qian W, Zhang XR, He WF, Luo GX. [Effects of P311 on the angiogenesis ability of human microvascular endothelial cell 1 in vitro and its molecular mechanism]. Zhonghua Shao Shang Yu Chuang Mian Xiu Fu Za Zhi 2022; 38:119-129. [PMID: 35220700 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn501120-20211210-00410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the effects of P311 on the angiogenesis ability of human microvascular endothelial cell 1 (HMEC-1) in vitro and the potential molecular mechanism. Methods: The experimental research method was used. HMEC-1 was collected and divided into P311 adenovirus group and empty adenovirus group according to the random number table (the same grouping method below), which were transfected correspondingly for 48 h. The cell proliferation activity was detected using the cell counting kit 8 on 1, 3, and 5 days of culture. The residual scratch area of cells at post scratch hour 6 and 11 was detected by scratch test, and the percentage of the residual scratch area was calculated. The blood vessel formation of cells at 8 h of culture was observed by angiogenesis experiment in vitro, and the number of nodes and total length of the tubular structure were measured. The protein expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2), phosphorylated VEGFR2 (p-VEGFR2), extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2), and phosphorylated ERK1/2 (p-ERK1/2) in cells were detected by Western blotting. HMEC-1 was collected and divided into P311 adenovirus+small interfering RNA (siRNA) negative control group, empty adenovirus+siRNA negative control group, P311 adenovirus+siRNA-VEGFR2 group, and empty adenovirus+siRNA-VEGFG2 group, which were treated correspondingly. The protein expressions of VEGFR2, p-VEGFR2, ERK1/2, and p-ERK1/2 in cells were detected by Western blotting at 24 h of transfection. The blood vessel formation of cells at 24 h of transfection was observed by angiogenesis experiment in vitro, and the number of nodes and total length of the tubular structure were measured. HMEC-1 was collected and divided into P311 adenovirus+dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) group, empty adenovirus+DMSO group, P311 adenovirus+ERK1/2 inhibitor group, and empty adenovirus+ERK1/2 inhibitor group, which were treated correspondingly. The protein expressions of ERK1/2 and p-ERK1/2 in cells were detected by Western blotting at 2 h of treatment. The blood vessel formation of cells at 2 h of treatment was observed by angiogenesis experiment in vitro, and the number of nodes and total length of the tubular structure were measured. The sample number at each time point in each group was 6. Data were statistically analyzed with independent sample t test, analysis of variance for repeated measurement, one-way analysis of variance, and least significant difference test. Results: Compared with that of empty adenovirus group, the proliferation activity of cells in P311 adenovirus group did not show significant difference on 1, 3, and 5 days of culture (with t values of -0.23, -1.30, and -1.52, respectively, P>0.05). The residual scratch area percentages of cells in P311 adenovirus group were significantly reduced at post scratch hour 6 and 11 compared with those of empty adenovirus group (with t values of -2.47 and -2.62, respectively, P<0.05). At 8 h of culture, compared with those of empty adenovirus group, the number of nodes and total length of the tubular structure of cells in P311 adenovirus group were significantly increased (with t values of 4.49 and 4.78, respectively, P<0.01). At 48 h of transfection, compared with those of empty adenovirus group, the protein expressions of VEGFR2 and ERK1/2 of cells in P311 adenovirus group showed no obvious changes (P>0.05), and the protein expressions of p-VEGFR2 and p-ERK1/2 of cells in P311 adenovirus group were significantly increased (with t values of 17.27 and 16.08, P<0.01). At 24 h of transfection, the protein expressions of p-VEGFR2 and p-ERK1/2 of cells in P311 adenovirus+siRNA negative control group were significantly higher than those in empty adenovirus+siRNA negative control group (P<0.01). The protein expressions of VEGFR2, p-VEGFR2, and p-ERK1/2 of cells in P311 adenovirus+siRNA negative control group were significantly higher than those in P311 adenovirus+siRNA-VEGFR2 group (P<0.01). The protein expressions of VEGFR2 and p-ERK1/2 of cells in empty adenovirus+siRNA negative control group were significantly higher than those in empty adenovirus+siRNA-VEGFR2 group (P<0.05 or P<0.01). At 24 h of transfection, the number of nodes of the tubular structure in cells of P311 adenovirus+siRNA negative control group was 720±62, which was significantly more than 428±38 in empty adenovirus+siRNA negative control group and 364±57 in P311 adenovirus+siRNA-VEGFR2 group (with P values both <0.01). The total length of the tubular structure of cells in P311 adenovirus+siRNA negative control group was (21 241±1 139) μm, which was significantly longer than (17 005±1 156) μm in empty adenovirus+siRNA negative control group and (13 494±2 465) μm in P311 adenovirus+siRNA-VEGFR2 group (with P values both <0.01). The number of nodes of the tubular structure in cells of empty adenovirus+siRNA negative control group was significantly more than 310±75 in empty adenovirus+siRNA-VEGFR2 group (P<0.01), and the total length of the tubular structure of cells in empty adenovirus+siRNA negative control group was significantly longer than (11 600±2 776) μm in empty adenovirus+siRNA-VEGFR2 group (P<0.01). At 2 h of treatment, the protein expression of p-ERK1/2 of cells in P311 adenovirus+DMSO group was significantly higher than that in empty adenovirus+DMSO group and P311 adenovirus+ERK1/2 inhibitor group (with P values both <0.01), and the protein expression of p-ERK1/2 of cells in empty adenovirus+DMSO group was significantly higher than that in empty adenovirus+ERK1/2 inhibitor group (P<0.05). At 2 h of treatment, the number of nodes of the tubular structure in cells of P311 adenovirus+DMSO group was 726±72, which was significantly more than 421±39 in empty adenovirus+DMSO group and 365±41 in P311 adenovirus+ERK1/2 inhibitor group (with P values both <0.01). The total length of the tubular structure of cells in P311 adenovirus+DMSO group was (20 318±1 433) μm, which was significantly longer than (16 846±1 464) μm in empty adenovirus+DMSO group and (15 114±1 950) μm in P311 adenovirus+ERK1/2 inhibitor group (with P values both <0.01). The number of nodes of the tubular structure in cells of empty adenovirus+DMSO group was significantly more than 317±67 in empty adenovirus+ERK1/2 inhibitor group (P<0.01), and the total length of the tubular structure of cells in empty adenovirus+DMSO group was significantly longer than (13 188±2 306) μm in empty adenovirus+ERK1/2 inhibitor group (P<0.01). Conclusions: P311 can enhance the angiogenesis ability of HMEC-1 by activating the VEGFR2/ERK1/2 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn Research, the First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University (the Third Military Medical University), Chongqing Key Laboratory for Wound Repair and Regeneration, Chongqing 400038, China Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, General Hospital of Central Theater Command of People's Liberation Army, Wuhan 430064, China
| | - H S Li
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn Research, the First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University (the Third Military Medical University), Chongqing Key Laboratory for Wound Repair and Regeneration, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - W Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn Research, the First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University (the Third Military Medical University), Chongqing Key Laboratory for Wound Repair and Regeneration, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - X R Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn Research, the First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University (the Third Military Medical University), Chongqing Key Laboratory for Wound Repair and Regeneration, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - W F He
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn Research, the First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University (the Third Military Medical University), Chongqing Key Laboratory for Wound Repair and Regeneration, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - G X Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn Research, the First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University (the Third Military Medical University), Chongqing Key Laboratory for Wound Repair and Regeneration, Chongqing 400038, China
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Sun Y, Lyu YB, Zhong WF, Zhou JH, Li ZH, Wei Y, Shen D, Wu B, Zhang XR, Chen PL, Shi XM, Mao C. [Association between sleep duration and activity of daily living in the elderly aged 65 years and older in China]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2022; 102:108-113. [PMID: 35012298 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20210705-01508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the association between sleep duration and activity of daily living (ADL) in the elderly aged 65 years and older in China. Methods: A total of 11 247 subjects aged 65 and above were included in the Chinese Elderly Health Factors Tracking Survey from March 29, 2005 to April 8, 2019. Self-made questionnaire was used to collect the data of population sociological characteristics, health status and disease status. ADL status was assessed by basic activities of daily living. The association between sleep duration and ADL impairment was assessed by Cox proportional risk regression model. The dose-response relationship between sleep duration and ADL impairment was analyzed using restricted cubic spline function. Results: The age of the subjects was (79±10) years, including 5 793(51.5%) females. The incidence of ADL impairment was 33.3% (3 747/11 247). Subjects were divided into short, medium, and long sleep groups according to sleep duration of fewer than seven hours, seven to eight hours, or more than eight hours. The number of short, medium and long sleepers was 2 974 (26.4%), 4 922 (43.8%) and 3 351(29.8%), respectively. The intermediate sleep group had the lowest incidence of impaired ADL (4.98/100 person-years). Cox proportional risk regression model analysis showed that: taking the intermediate sleep group as reference, after adjustment of gender, age, marital status, educational level, place of residence, living with family, smoking, drinking, exercise, frequency of fruit consumption, vegetable intake frequency, sleep quality, factors such as hypertension, diabetes, heart disease and cerebrovascular disease, the long sleep time increased the risk of impaired ADL [HR (95%CI): 1.148 (1.062-1.241)]. Subgroup analysis showed a weak positive multiplicative interaction between sleep duration and age [HR (95%CI): 1.004 (1.000-1.009)], but no multiplicative interaction between sleep duration and sex [HR(95%CI): 0.948 (0.870-1.034)]. Longer sleep duration increased the risk of ADL impairment in women [HR (95%CI): 1.195 (1.074-1.329)], but not in men [HR (95%CI): 1.084 (0.966-1.217)]. Longer sleep duration increased the risk of ADL impairment in people aged 80 years and older [HR (95%CI): 1.185 (1.076-1.305)], but not in people younger than 80 years [HR (95%CI): 1.020 (0.890-1.169)]. There was a non-linear dose-response relationship between sleep duration and ADL damage (P=0.007), and the risk of ADL damage was lowest when sleep duration was 7.5 h. Conclusion: Sleep duration was positively correlated with the risk of ADL impairment in the elderly in a nonlinear dose-response relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Sun
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Y B Lyu
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China
| | - W F Zhong
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - J H Zhou
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Z H Li
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Y Wei
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China
| | - D Shen
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - B Wu
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China
| | - X R Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - P L Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - X M Shi
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China
| | - C Mao
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
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Zhang WT, Liu D, Xie CJ, Shen D, Chen ZQ, Li ZH, Liu Y, Zhang XR, Chen PL, Zhong WF, Yang P, Huang QM, Luo L, Mao C. [Sensitivity and specificity of nucleic acid testing in close contacts of COVID-19 cases in Guangzhou]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2021; 42:1347-1352. [PMID: 34814552 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20201211-01400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the sensitivity and specificity of SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid testing in 20 348 close contacts of COVID-19 cases in different prevention and control stages in Guangzhou and to provide scientific evidence for optimizing epidemic response strategies. Methods: A total of 20 348 close contacts of COVID-19 cases in Guangzhou were traced between February 21 and September 22,2020. All the close contacts were tested for the nucleic acid of SARS-CoV-2. The sensitivity and specificity of nucleic acid testing and diagnosis in the different prevention and control stages were compared. Results: In 20 348 close contacts, 12 462 were males (61.24%), the median (P25,P75) of age of them was 31.0 years (23.0,43.0), the median number (P25,P75) of nucleic acid testing for them was 2.0 (1.0,3.0), and the median (P25,P75) of their quarantine days was 12.0 (8.0,13.0) days, respectively. A total of 256 COVID-19 cases were confirmed in the close contacts after seven nucleic acid tests. In the 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 7th nucleic acid testing, the sensitivity and specificity were 69.14% and 99.99% (177 cases confirmed), 89.84% and 99.99% (230 cases confirmed), 97.27% and 99.99% (249 cases confirmed), and 100.00% and 99.98%, respectively. In the three stages of COVID-19 prevention and control in China: domestic case stage, imported case stage, and imported case associated local epidemic stage, the sensitivity of the 1st nucleic acid testing was 70.68%, 68.00% and 67.35%, and the specificity was 99.98%, 100.00% and 100.00%, respectively. Conclusions: The sensitivity of nucleic acid testing in the close contacts at the different stages were consistent with slight decrease, which might be related to the increased proportion of asymptomatic infections in the late stage of epidemic prevention and control with COVID-19 in Guangzhou. It is suggested to give three nucleic acid tests to improve the sensitivity and reduce false negative risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- W T Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - D Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - C J Xie
- Guangzhou Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 511430, China
| | - D Shen
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Z Q Chen
- Guangzhou Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 511430, China
| | - Z H Li
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Y Liu
- Guangzhou Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 511430, China
| | - X R Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - P L Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - W F Zhong
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - P Yang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Q M Huang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - L Luo
- Guangzhou Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 511430, China
| | - C Mao
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
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Zhang XR, He YF, Zhang YY, Liu YZ, Zhu BF. Bibliometric Analysis of Forensic Genetics Literatures in SCIE from 1989 to 2019. Fa Yi Xue Za Zhi 2021; 37:192-195. [PMID: 34142480 DOI: 10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2020.500903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Abstract Objective To conduct bibliometric analysis of forensic genetics literatures published by Chinese mainland scholars in SCIE journals from 1989 to 2019, to show the research achievements of the past three decades and predict future research fields and directions. Methods Microsoft Office Excel 2019 was utilized to analyze the general situation, research institutions, authors, funds, author keywords, etc. of the literatures. The status of research in forensic genetics in Chinese mainland was visualized by PlotDB, Gephi 0.9.2 software and literature interpretation. Results During the last three decades, 1 126 forensic genetics literatures were published by scholars from Chinese mainland on SCIE journals, mostly articles. The quantity and quality of the literatures were both on the increase. The number of literatures published in Forensic Science International-Genetics was the highest, and 60.83% of the literatures were funded, mainly by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (498 literatures). The current research hotspots were STR, SNP, InDel polymorphisms, linkage genetic markers, mtDNA genetic markers, epigenetic markers, RNA genetic markers, chip technology and omics research method. Conclusion The forensic genetics in China has developed rapidly along with the promotion of forensic science in universities. The SCIE literatures on forensic genetics published by Chinese mainland scholars increased rapidly with the funding from the National Natural Science Foundation of China and Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China, which positively contributes to the development of basic research and the improvement of overall level in forensic genetics in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- X R Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, Hospital of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China.,Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, Hospital of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China
| | - Y F He
- Forensic Judicial Appraisal Center of Shaanxi Public Security Bureau, Xi'an 710016, China
| | - Y Y Zhang
- School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Y Z Liu
- Traffic Police Detachment of Xi'an Public Security Bureau, Xi'an 710065, China
| | - B F Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, Hospital of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China.,Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, Hospital of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China.,School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
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Wang J, Zhang XR, He WF, Liang GP. [Research advances on the mechanism of dendritic epidermal T lymphocytes in wound healing]. Zhonghua Shao Shang Za Zhi 2021; 37:296-300. [PMID: 33765727 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn501120-20200226-00092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Wound healing is a complex and critical process, which includes three stages: inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. The epidermal cells are precisely regulated in this process. On one hand, keratinocytes around the wound edge migrate and proliferate to form a new basement membrane to cover the wound. On the other hand, the epidermal stem cells are activated with the proliferation and differentiation being enhanced, and the terminal differentiation and apoptosis being inhibited; and together with keratinocytes, epidermal stem cells promote the process of re-epithelialization under the regulation of various factors. In the epidermis, there is a group of resident T cell subsets, dendritic epidermal lymphocytes (DETCs) that play a key role in protecting the function of epidermal tissue. DETCs are activated after recognizing unknown antigens, the activated DETCs secret cytokines such as insulin-like growth factor Ⅰ, keratinocyte growth factor-1/2, granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor, interferon-γ, and transforming growth factor-β, which promote epidermal homeostasis and re-epithelialization by regulating the dynamic balance among keratinocytes migration, proliferation, and apoptosis, and the differentiation of epidermal stem cells around the wound edge. This article discusses the biological characteristics of DETCs and their roles in the maintenance of epidermal homeostasis and wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn Research, the First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University (the Third Military Medical University), Chongqing Key Laboratory for Disease Proteomics, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - X R Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn Research, the First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University (the Third Military Medical University), Chongqing Key Laboratory for Disease Proteomics, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - W F He
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn Research, the First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University (the Third Military Medical University), Chongqing Key Laboratory for Disease Proteomics, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - G P Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn Research, the First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University (the Third Military Medical University), Chongqing Key Laboratory for Disease Proteomics, Chongqing 400038, China
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Han QF, Zhang XR, Xu XY, Wang XL, Yuan XZ, Ding ZJ, Zhao S, Wang SG. Antibiotics in marine aquaculture farms surrounding Laizhou Bay, Bohai Sea: Distribution characteristics considering various culture modes and organism species. Sci Total Environ 2021; 760:143863. [PMID: 33341631 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This study mainly investigated the distribution characteristics and risk assessment of 14 antibiotics in typical marine aquaculture farms surrounding the Bohai Sea. The effects of various culture modes (outdoor pond culture, recirculating water culture, greenhouse pond culture, raft culture, cage culture and bottom sowing culture), and diverse cultured organism species such as fish (grouper, bass, pike and turbot), mollusk (oyster, scallop, conch and mussel) and sea cucumber on the distribution of antibiotics in different mariculture pond matrices (seawater, sediment/biofilm and organism) were studied. In addition, antibiotic pollution levels in various matrices (water, sediment, organism and feed) from different mariculture areas surrounding the Bohai Sea and the Yellow Sea were compared. The biofilm on the inner wall of greenhouse pond was more capable of accumulating antibiotics than the biofilm attached to the rope for raft culture and net for cage culture, and other culture sediments. The antibiotic concentration level in the culture matrices (water, sediment/biofilm and organism) was the highest under greenhouse pond culture mode, and that under the industrial recirculating water culture mode was the lowest. Antibiotic concentration in culture matrices of fish ponds was higher than that of sea cucumber ponds and mollusk ponds. The levels of antibiotics in water and sediment from marine aquaculture farms in Laizhou (Bohai Sea coast) were higher than those in Haiyang and Jimo (Yellow Sea coast). Enrofloxacin in turbot might cause considerable harm to human health, and the risk of antibiotics in other seafood could be ignored. Antibiotic ecological risks and resistance risks were generally low in water. Fluoroquinolones posed medium to high ecological risks in the natural receiving water around the mariculture farm. Trimethoprim and enrofloxacin showed relatively high antibiotic resistance risks in mariculture water and natural water, which might exert selective pressure on the bacterial community in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q F Han
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
| | - X R Zhang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
| | - X Y Xu
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
| | - X L Wang
- Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China
| | - X Z Yuan
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
| | - Z J Ding
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China
| | - S Zhao
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China.
| | - S G Wang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China.
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Cheng X, Li ZH, Lyu YB, Chen PL, Li FR, Zhong WF, Yang HL, Zhang XR, Shi XM, Mao C. [The relationship between resting heart rate and all-cause mortality among the Chinese oldest-old aged more than 80: a prospective cohort study]. Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2021; 55:53-59. [PMID: 33355769 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20200629-00944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the association between resting heart rate(RHR) and all-cause mortality among the Chinese oldest-old aged more than 80. Methods: Using a total of seven surveys or follow-ups data (1998, 2000, 2002, 2005, 2008, 2011 and 2014) from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS). A total of 17 886 elderly over 80 years old were selected as subjects, their resting heart rate were measured though baseline survey and the survival outcome and death time of the subjects were followed up. The subjects were divided into 6 groups according to their resting heart rate. Cox regression model was used to estimate the effect of resting heart rate on mortality risk. The interaction of age, gender and resting heart rate was also analyzed by likelihood ratio test. Results: The age of subjects M (P25, P75) was 92 (86, 100) years old, including 10 531 females (58.9%) and there were 13 598 participants died, the mortality rate was 195.5 per 1 000 person-years. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that compared to the control group (60-69 pbm/min), the hazard ratio of the elderly are 1.06 (95%CI: 1.02, 1.11), 1.09 (95%CI: 1.04, 1.15), 1.23 (95%CI: 1.14, 1.34), 1.25 (95%CI: 1.08, 1.44) in the group of RHR between 70-79, 80-89, 90-99 and ≥100 pbm/min and P values are all less than 0.05. Likelihood ratio test showed that RHR and age had an interaction effect. (P for interaction=0.011). Conclusion: The risk of all-cause death increased with the increase of resting heart rate and this relationship was stronger between the 80-89 years old people.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Cheng
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Z H Li
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Y B Lyu
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Populaation Health/National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China
| | - P L Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - F R Li
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - W F Zhong
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - H L Yang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - X R Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - X M Shi
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Populaation Health/National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China
| | - C Mao
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
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Zhu HJ, Chen C, Zhang XR, Hu XH, Huang Y, Yang JC, Wang J, He WF, Luo GX. [Mechanism study of dendritic epidermal T lymphocytes in promoting healing of full-thickness skin defects wound on mice by regulating the proliferation and differentiation of epidermal stem cells in mice]. Zhonghua Shao Shang Za Zhi 2020; 36:905-914. [PMID: 33105942 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn501120-20200623-00324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the mechanism of dendritic epidermal T lymphocytes (DETCs) in promoting healing of full-thickness skin defect wound on mice by regulating the proliferation and differentiation of epidermal stem cells (ESCs) in mice. Methods: (1) Ten 8-week-old wild type (WT) male C57BL/6 mice (the same sex and kind below) were sacrificed to collect the skin of back for extracting DETCs to culture. Five WT and five 8-week-old T cell receptor (TCR) δ(-)/(-) mice were selected and enrolled in WT control group and TCR δ(-)/(-) control group, respectively. A full-thickness skin defect wound with diameter of 6 mm was made on both sides of spinal line on the back of mice without any treatment after injury. Another fifteen 8-week-old TCR δ(-)/(-) mice were selected and divided into phosphate buffer solution (PBS), DETC, and insulin-like growth factor-Ⅰ(IGF-Ⅰ) groups according to the random number table (the same grouping method below), with 5 mice in each group, and the same full-thickness skin defect wound was made on each mouse. Immediately after injury, mice in PBS, DETC, and IGF-Ⅰ groups were injected subcutaneously around each wound with 10 μL sterile PBS , DETCs (cell concentration of 1×10(6)/mL), and 5 mg/mL recombinant mice IGF-Ⅰ, respectively. The percentage of the residual wound area was calculated on post injury day (PID) 2, 4, 6, and 8. (2) Three 8-week-old WT mice were enrolled in WT control group and nine 8-week-old TCR δ(-)/(-) mice were divided into TCR δ(-)/(-) control group, PBS group, and DETC group, with 3 mice in each group. The full-thickness skin defect wound was made as in experiment (1) . On PID 3, the protein expression of IGF-Ⅰ in the epidermis tissue of wound margin was detected by chemiluminescence imaging analyzer. (3) Three 8-week-old WT mice were enrolled in WT control group and six 8-week-old TCR δ(-)/(-) mice were divided into PBS and DETC groups, with 3 mice in each group, and the full-thickness skin defect wound was made as in experiment (1). On PID3, DETCs were extracted from the wound margin epidermis tissue to detect the percentage of DETCs expressing IGF-Ⅰ by flow cytometer. (4) The mice were taken as in experiment (2) and divided into WT control, PBS, DETC, and IGF-Ⅰ groups. A straight full-thickness skin defect incision with length of 3 cm was made in the direction of one inner ear. Mice in WT control group didn't have any other treatment after injury, and immediately after injury, mice in PBS, DETC, and IGF-Ⅰ groups were injected subcutaneously around each wound with 10 μL sterile PBS, DETCs (cell concentration of 1×10(6)/mL), and 5 mg/mL recombinant mice IGF-Ⅰ, respectively. On PID 12, epidermis tissue of wound margin was collected, and immunofluorescence staining was performed to observe the number of keratin 15 positive cells. (5) The same mice were collected, grouped, and treated as in experiment (4). On PID12, the epidermis tissue of wound margin was collected and immunofluorescence staining was performed to observe the number of keratin 10 positive cells. (6) Twenty 3-day-old WT mice (the same below) were sacrificed to collect the whole skin, which was used to extract ESCs, with 5 mice detecting one index. The ESCs were divided into DETC co-culture group and control group, which were added with 1 mL DETCs (cell concentration of 1.25×10(6)/mL) and DETC medium, respectively. The percentage of 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) positive cell on culture day (CD) 3, the percentages of CD49f(+) CD71(-) and keratin 14 positive cells on CD 5, and the percentage of keratin 10 positive cell on CD 10 in 2 groups were detected by flow cytometer. (7) Twenty mice were taken to extract ESCs, with 5 mice detecting one index. The ESCs were divided into control group and IGF-Ⅰ group, which were added with 1 mL sterile PBS and 10 ng/mL recombinant mice IGF-Ⅰ, respectively. The percentages of EdU positive cell, CD49f(+) CD71(-) cell, keratin10 positive cell, and keratin 14 positive cell were detected as in experiment (6). The sample in each group of experiments (6) and (7) was three. Data were statistically analyzed with analysis of variance for repeated measurement, one-way analysis of variance, and t test. Results: (1) On PID 4, 6, and 8, the percentage of residual wound area in TCR δ(-)/(-) control group was significantly higher than that in WT control group (t=2.78, 3.39, 3.66, P<0.05 or P<0.01). The percentage of residual wound area in DETC group and IGF-Ⅰgroup on PID 4, 6, and 8 was apparently lower than that in PBS group (t=2.61, 3.21, 3.88, 2.84, 2.91, 2.49, P<0.05 or P<0.01). (2) On PID 3, the protein expression of IGF-Ⅰ in the epidermis tissue of wound margin of mice in TCR δ(-)/(-) control group was significantly lower than that in WT control group (t=17.34, P<0.01). The protein expression of IGF-Ⅰ in the epidermis tissue of wound margin of mice in DETC group was significantly higher than that in PBS group (t=11.71, P<0.01). (3) On PID 3, the percentage of DETCs expressing IGF-Ⅰ in the epidermis tissue of wound margin of mice in PBS group was significantly lower than that in WT control group and DETC group (t=24.95, 27.23, P<0.01). (4) On PID 12, the number of keratin 15 positive cells in the epidermis tissue of wound margin of mice in PBS group was significantly lower than that in WT control group, DETC group, and IGF-Ⅰ group (t=17.97, 11.95, 7.63, P<0.01). (5) The number of keratin 10 positive cells in the epidermis tissue of wound margin of mice in PBS group was significantly higher than that in WT control group, DETC group, and IGF-Ⅰ group (t=11.59, 9.51, 3.48, P<0.05 or P<0.01). (6) The percentages of EdU positive cells on CD 3, CD49f(+) CD71(-) cells on CD 5, and keratin 14 positive cells on CD 5 in DETC co-culture group were respectively (43.5±0.6)%, (66.5±0.5)%, (69.3±1.7)%, apparently higher than (32.3±1.3)%, (56.4±0.3)%, (54.9±1.3)% in control group (t=7.97, 17.10, 6.66, P<0.01). The percentage of keratin 10 positive cells on CD 10 in DETC co-culture group was (55.7±0.7)%, significantly lower than (67.1±1.2)% in control group (t=8.34, P<0.01). (7) The percentages of EdU positive cells on CD 3, CD49f(+) CD71(-) cells on CD 5, and keratin 14 positive cells on CD 5 in IGF-Ⅰ group were respectively (42.1±0.9)%, (81.1±1.3)%, (66.8±1.0)%, apparently higher than (32.4±0.7)%, (74.9±0.7)%, (52.0±1.9)% in control group (t=8.39, 4.24, 7.25, P<0.05 or P<0.01). The percentage of keratin 10 positive cells on CD 10 in IGF-Ⅰ group was (53.5±1.1)% , significantly lower than (58.2±0.3)% in control group (t=3.99, P<0.05). Conclusions: DETCs can promote the proliferation and anti-apoptotic potential of ESCs and inhibit their differentiation into end-stage by secreting IGF-Ⅰ, thus promoting wound healing of full-thickness skin defects in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Zhu
- Department of Burns & Skin Repair Surgery, Ruian People's Hospital, Ruian 325200, China
| | - C Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn Research, the First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University (the Third Military Medical University), Chongqing Key Laboratory for Disease Proteomics, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - X R Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn Research, the First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University (the Third Military Medical University), Chongqing Key Laboratory for Disease Proteomics, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - X H Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn Research, the First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University (the Third Military Medical University), Chongqing Key Laboratory for Disease Proteomics, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Y Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn Research, the First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University (the Third Military Medical University), Chongqing Key Laboratory for Disease Proteomics, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - J C Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn Research, the First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University (the Third Military Medical University), Chongqing Key Laboratory for Disease Proteomics, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - J Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn Research, the First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University (the Third Military Medical University), Chongqing Key Laboratory for Disease Proteomics, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - W F He
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn Research, the First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University (the Third Military Medical University), Chongqing Key Laboratory for Disease Proteomics, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - G X Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn Research, the First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University (the Third Military Medical University), Chongqing Key Laboratory for Disease Proteomics, Chongqing 400038, China
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19
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Chen C, Zhang XR, Ju ZY, He WF. [Advances in the research of mechanism and related immunotherapy on the cytokine storm induced by coronavirus disease 2019]. Zhonghua Shao Shang Za Zhi 2020; 36:471-475. [PMID: 32114747 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn501120-20200224-00088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has seriously affected the safety of patients and social stability. Some COVID-19 patients in the later stage of disease may develop into acute respiratory distress syndrome or even multiple organ failure. However, one of the most important mechanisms underlying the deterioration of disease is cytokine storm. At present, some therapies such as interleukin-6 antibody blocker, stem cell therapy, and transfusion of convalescent plasma have been applied to counteract the cytokine storm with some progresses being achieved. This article reviews the influences of cytokine storm syndrome on the COVID-19 and the corresponding immunotherapies to resist cytokine storm.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns, and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn Research, the First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University (the Third Military Medical University), Chongqing Key Laboratory for Disease Proteomics, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - X R Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns, and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn Research, the First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University (the Third Military Medical University), Chongqing Key Laboratory for Disease Proteomics, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Z Y Ju
- Institute of Aging and Regenerative Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - W F He
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns, and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn Research, the First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University (the Third Military Medical University), Chongqing Key Laboratory for Disease Proteomics, Chongqing 400038, China
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20
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Chen C, Zhang XR, Ju ZY, He WF. [Advances in the research of mechanism and related immunotherapy on the cytokine storm induced by coronavirus disease 2019]. Zhonghua Shao Shang Za Zhi 2020. [PMID: 32114747 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn501120-20200224-000.88] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has seriously affected the safety of patients and social stability. Some COVID-19 patients in the later stage of disease may develop into acute respiratory distress syndrome or even multiple organ failure. However, one of the most important mechanisms underlying the deterioration of disease is cytokine storm. At present, some therapies such as interleukin-6 antibody blocker, stem cell therapy, and transfusion of convalescent plasma have been applied to counteract the cytokine storm with some progresses being achieved. This article reviews the influences of cytokine storm syndrome on the COVID-19 and the corresponding immunotherapies to resist cytokine storm.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns, and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn Research, the First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University (the Third Military Medical University), Chongqing Key Laboratory for Disease Proteomics, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - X R Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns, and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn Research, the First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University (the Third Military Medical University), Chongqing Key Laboratory for Disease Proteomics, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Z Y Ju
- Institute of Aging and Regenerative Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - W F He
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns, and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn Research, the First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University (the Third Military Medical University), Chongqing Key Laboratory for Disease Proteomics, Chongqing 400038, China
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21
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Zhang YM, Zhang XR, Shao SM, Liu J, Zeng CM, Han Y. [A case of neonatal hereditary spherocytosis characterized by hydrops fetalis]. Zhonghua Er Ke Za Zhi 2020; 58:418-420. [PMID: 32392960 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112140-20200113-00030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Y M Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - X R Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - S M Shao
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - J Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - C M Zeng
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Y Han
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
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Han QF, Zhao S, Zhang XR, Wang XL, Song C, Wang SG. Distribution, combined pollution and risk assessment of antibiotics in typical marine aquaculture farms surrounding the Yellow Sea, North China. Environ Int 2020; 138:105551. [PMID: 32155507 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.105551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
This study focused on the distribution, combined pollution, potential source and risk assessment of 17 antibiotics in an aquaculture ecosystem surrounding the Yellow sea, North China. Antibiotics were detected in various matrices (seawater, sediment/biofilm, organism and feed) in different aquaculture modes (greenhouse and outdoor aquaculture) during the wet and dry seasons in coastal areas of Shandong province. The innovation points of the study were as follows: (1) To the best of our knowledge, this study was one of the few to investigate the occurrence and distribution of antibiotics in mariculture environments along the Yellow Sea coast; (2) Biofilms, a focus of the study, might act as a sink for antibiotics in the aquaculture ecosystem; and (3) The correlation of heavy metals and antibiotic concentrations was proved, which could correspondingly be used as an indicator for antibiotic concentrations in the studied area. The levels of antibiotics in water were observed to be relatively low, at the ng/L level. Trimethoprim was the most prevalent antibiotic, and was detected in all water samples. Oxytetracycline was detected at high concentrations in biofilms (up to 1478.29 ng/g). Moreover, biofilms exhibited a higher antibiotic accumulation capacity compared to sediments. Concentrations of oxytetracycline and doxycycline were high in feed, while other antibiotics were almost undetected. Tetracycline was widely detected and the concentration of enrofloxacin was highest in organisms. Correlation analysis demonstrated that environmental parameters and other coexisting contaminants (e.g. heavy metals) significantly affected antibiotic concentrations. In addition, the concentration of Zn was significantly correlated with the total antibiotic concentration and was proportional to several antibiotics in water and sediment (biofilm) samples (p < 0.01). High Mn concentrations were closely related to total and individual (e.g. sulfadiazine, sulfamethazine and enrofloxacin) antibiotic levels, which may result in the combined contamination of the environment. Antibiotics in estuaries and groundwater generally originated from aquaculture wastewater and untreated/treated domestic sewage. Most of the detected antibiotics posed no risk to the environment. Ciprofloxacin and enrofloxacin found in water may present high ecological and resistance risks, while the two antibiotics observed to accumulate in fish may pose a considerable risk to human health through diet consumption. All antibiotics detected in seafood were lower than the respective maximum residue limits. This study can act as a reference for the government for the determination of antibiotic discharge standards in aquaculture wastewater and the establishment of a standardized antibiotic monitoring and management system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q F Han
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
| | - S Zhao
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China.
| | - X R Zhang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
| | - X L Wang
- Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China
| | - C Song
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
| | - S G Wang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China.
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Liu M, Zhu HJ, Yang JC, Li YS, Hu XH, Zhang XR, He WF, Luo GX. [Effects of dendritic epidermal T cells on proliferation and apoptosis of epidermal cells in wound margin of mice]. Zhonghua Shao Shang Za Zhi 2020; 36:122-130. [PMID: 32114730 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1009-2587.2020.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the effects of dendritic epidermal T cells (DETC) on proliferation and apoptosis of epidermal cells in wound margin of mice and its effects on wound healing. Methods: Twenty-eight healthy specific pathogen free (SPF) C57BL/6 wild-type (WT) male mice aged 8-12 weeks and 60 SPF T lymphocyte receptor δ-knockout (TCR δ(-/-)) male mice aged 8-12 weeks were selected to conduct the following experiments. (1) Eight WT mice were selected to isolate epidermal cells and primarily culture DETC according to the random number table. Morphological observation and purity identification of DETC by flow cytometer were detected immediately after culture and on culture day (CD) 15 and 30, respectively. (2) According to the random number table, 5 WT mice and 5 TCR δ(-/-) mice were selected and enrolled into WT control group and TCR δ(-/-) group. Round full-thickness skin defect with diameter of 6 mm was made on the back of each mouse. The wound healing condition was observed immediately after injury and on post injury day (PID) 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, and the percentage of residual wound area was calculated. (3) Mice were selected to group and reproduce model of full-thickness skin defect as in experiment (2). On PID 3, the tissue of wound margin was collected for hematoxylin eosin staining, and the length of new epithelium was measured. (4) Mice were selected to group and reproduce model of full-thickness skin defect as in experiment (2). On PID 3, epidermal tissue of wound margin was collected to determine expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) using Western blotting for evaluation of proliferation of epidermal cell. (5) Mice were selected to group and reproduce model of full-thickness skin defect as in experiment (2). On PID 3, epidermal tissue of wound margin was selected and digested into single-cell suspension, and apoptosis of cells was detected by flow cytometer. (6) Forty TCR δ(-/-) mice were selected to carry out the same treatment as in experiments (2)-(5). According to the random number table, these mice were enrolled into TCR δ(-/-) control group and TCR δ(-/-)+ DETC group, with 5 mice in each group for each experiment. Round full-thickness skin defect was made on the back of each mouse. DETC in the number of 1×10(5) (dissolution in 100 μL phosphate with buffer purity above 90%) were injected through multiple points of wound margin of mice in TCR δ(-/-)+ DETC group immediately after injury, and equal volume of phosphate buffer was injected into mice of TCR δ(-/-) control group with the same method as above. Data were processed with one-way analysis of variance for repeated measurement, t test, and Bonferroni correction. Results: (1) Along with the culture time elapse, the number of dendritic structures of DETC increased gradually. The percentage of T lymphocytes was 4.67% and 94.1% of these T lymphocytes were DETC. The purity of DETC on CD 15 was 18.50% and the purity of DETC on CD 30 was 98.70%. (2) Immediately after injury, the wound healing condition of mice in WT control group and TCR δ(-/-) group was similar. The wound healing speed of mice in TCR δ(-/-) group was slower than that in WT control group on PID 2-10. The percentages of residual wound area of mice in TCR δ(-/-) group on PID 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 were increased significantly compared with those in WT control group (t=3.492, 4.425, 4.170, 4.780, 7.318, P<0.01). (3) The length of new epithelium of mice in TCR δ(-/-) group on PID 3 was (359 ± 15) μm, which was obviously shorter than that in WT control group [(462±26) μm, t=3.462, P<0.01]. (4) Immediately after injury, wound condition of mice in TCR δ(-/-)+ DETC group and TCR δ(-/-) control group was similar. Compared with TCR δ(-/-)+ DETC group, the wound healing speed of mice in TCR δ(-/-) control group were obviously slower on PID 2-10. The percentages of residual wound area of mice in TCR δ(-/-)+ DETC group on PID 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 were decreased significantly compared with those in TCR δ(-/-) control group (t=2.308, 3.725, 2.698, 3.707, 6.093, P<0.05 or P<0.01). (5) On PID 3, the length of new epithelium of mice in TCR δ(-/-)+ DETC group was (465±31) μm, which was obviously longer than that in TCR δ(-/-) control group [(375±21) μm, t=2.390, P<0.05]. (6) On PID 3, PCNA expression of epidermal cell in wound margin of mice in TCR δ(-/-) group was 1.25±0.04, which was obviously lower than that in WT control group (2.01±0.09, t=7.415, P<0.01). (7) On PID 3, PCNA expression of epidermal cell in wound margin of mice in TCR δ(-/-)+ DETC group was 1.62±0.08, which was significantly higher than that in TCR δ(-/-) control group (1.05±0.14, t=3.561, P<0.05). (8) On PID 3, apoptosis rate of epidermal cell in wound margin of mice in TCR δ(-/-) group was (16.1±1.4)%, which was higher than that in WT control group [(8.1±0.6)%, t=5.363, P<0.01]. (9) On PID 3, apoptosis rate of epidermal cell in wound margin of mice in TCR δ(-/-)+ DETC group was (11.4±1.0)%, which was obviously lower than that in TCR δ(-/-) control group [(15.4±1.4)%, t=2.377, P<0.05]. Conclusions: DETC participates in the process of wound healing though promoting the proliferation of epidermal cells in wound margin and inhibit the apoptosis of these cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn Research, the First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University (the Third Military Medical University), Chongqing Key Laboratory for Disease Proteomics, Chongqing 400038, China
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Ren ZL, Hu ZJ, Li D, Jia YJ, Yu N, Yu Y, Guo CY, Zhang XR, He TP. [Application of adaptive statistical iterative reconstruction veo and 80 kv in renal computed tomography angiography]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2019; 99:1953-1958. [PMID: 31269599 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2019.25.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the application of adaptive statistical iterative reconstruction Veo (ASIR-V) and 80 kV in renal computed tomography angiography(CTA). Methods: Eighty patients with renal computed tomography angiography were prospectively collected from April 2018 to July 2018 in the Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine and randomly divided into group A and group B. The patients in group A adopted tube voltage 120 kV and contrast agent concentration 600 mgI/kg and reconstructed with filtered back projection (FBP), while the patients in group B were scanned with tube voltage 80 kV and contrast agent concentration 350 mgI/kg and reconstructed with FBP and ASIR-V from 10% to 100% with 10% interval. The CT values and standard deviation (SD) of the right renal artery, left renal artery were measured respectively to calculate the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR).The image quality of renal CTA was subjectively scored by two experienced radiologists blindly using a 5-point criteria.The contrast agent,CT volume dose index(CTDI(vol)) and dose length product(DLP) in both groups were recorded and the effective radiation dose(ED) was calculated. Results: The ED ((2.11±0.19)mSv) and contrast agent ((21.9±3.0)g) in group B were 65.1% (P<0.05) and 42.2% (P<0.05) lower than those in group A ((6.04±1.89)mSv and (38.0±3.8)g).With the increase of ASIR-V percentage in group B, CT values showed no significant difference, SD values gradually decreased, SNR values and CNR values gradually increased.The CT values with different reconstruction algorithm showed no statistically significant difference (all P>0.05) between group A and group B. The SD values with 40%ASIR-V to 100%ASIR-V reconstruction in group B were significantly lower than those of group A (all P<0.05).The SNR values with 50% ASIR-V to 100% ASIR-V reconstruction and CNR values with 70%ASIR-V to 100%ASIR-V were significantly higher than those of group A(all P<0.5).Two radiologists had excellent consistency in subjective scores of image quality for renal CTA(all kappa>0.75, P<0.05). The subjective scores with 60% ASIR-V to 90% ASIR-V in group B were significantly higher than those in group A (P<0.05), of which 70%ASIR-V reconstruction achieved the highest subjective score for renal CTA. Conclusion: ASIR-V and 80 kV can significantly reduce radiation dose (about 65.1%) and contrast agent (about 42.2%) in renal CTA, ASIR-V reconstruction can significantly improve the image quality of renal CTA, of which 70% ASIR-V reconstruction achieved the best image quality in 80 kV renal CTA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z L Ren
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712000, China
| | - Z J Hu
- Department of Radiology, Chang'an Hospital, Xi'an 710016, China
| | - D Li
- Department of Radiology, Chang'an Hospital, Xi'an 710016, China
| | - Y J Jia
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712000, China
| | - N Yu
- Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712000, China
| | - Y Yu
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712000, China
| | - C Y Guo
- Department of Radiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712000, China
| | - X R Zhang
- Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712000, China
| | - T P He
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712000, China
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Zhu HJ, Li YS, Wang YP, Hu XH, Zhang XR, Qiu L, He WF, Luo GX. [Effects of skin γδ T lymphocytes on wound healing of mice through regulating proliferation and differentiation of mice epidermal cells]. Zhonghua Shao Shang Za Zhi 2019; 35:298-307. [PMID: 31060178 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1009-2587.2019.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To explore effects of dendritic epidermal T cells (DETCs) and Vγ4 T lymphocytes on proliferation and differentiation of mice epidermal cells and the effects in wound healing of mice. Methods: (1) Six C57BL/6 male mice aged 8 weeks were collected and divided into control group and wound group according to random number table (the same grouping method below), with 3 mice in each group. A 4 cm long straight excision with full-thickness skin defect was cut on back of each mouse in wound group, while mice in control group received no treatment. On post injury day (PID) 3, mice in 2 groups were sacrificed, and skin within 5 mm from the wound margin on back of mice in wound group and normal skin on corresponding part of mice in control group were collected to make single cell suspensions. The percentage of Vγ4 T lymphocyte expressing interleukin-17A (IL-17A) and percentage of DETCs expressing insulin-like growth factor Ⅰ (IGF-Ⅰ) were detected by flow cytometer. (2) Ten C57BL/6 male mice aged 8 weeks were collected and divided into control group and Vγ4 T lymphocyte depletion group with 5 mice in each group. Mice in Vγ4 T lymphocyte depletion group were injected with 200 g Vγ4 T lymphocyte monoclonal neutralizing antibody of Armenian hamster anti-mouse intraperitoneally, and mice in control group were injected with the same amount of Armenian hamster Ig intraperitoneally. One hole with full-thickness skin defect was made on each side of spine of back of each mice. The wound healing was observed on PID 1-8, and percentage of remaining wound area was calculated. (3) Six C57BL/6 male mice aged 8 weeks were grouped and treated in the same way as in experiment (2), with 3 mice in each group. On PID 3, expressions of IL-17A and IGF-Ⅰ in epidermis on margin of wound were detected with Western blotting. (4) Thirty C57BL/6 male mice aged 3 days were sacrificed, and epidermal cells were extracted. The keratin 14 positive cell rate was examined by flow cytometer (the same detecting method below). (5) Another batch of mouse epidermal cells were collected and divided into control group, IGF-Ⅰ group, and IL-17A group, with 3 wells in each group (the same well number below). Cells in IGF-Ⅰ group and IL-17A group were added with 1 mL recombinant mouse IGF-Ⅰ and IL-17A with final mass concentration of 100 ng/mL respectively, while cells in control group were added with the same amount of sterile phosphate buffered saline (PBS). On post culture day (PCD) 5, keratin 14 negative cell rate was examined. Another batch of mouse epidermal cells were collected, grouped, and treated in the same way as aforementioned experiment, and keratin 10 positive cell rate was examined on PCD 10. (6) Another batch of mouse epidermal cells were collected and added with 4 mmol/L 5(6)-carboxyfluorescein diacetate N-succinimidyl ester (CFSE) solution, and divided into control 0 d group, control 7 d group, IGF-Ⅰ group, and IL-17A group. Cells in IGF-Ⅰ group and IL-17A group were treated in the same way as the corresponding groups in experiment (5), and cells in control 0 d group and control 7 d group were treated in the same way as the control group in experiment (5). The CFSE fluorescence peaks were examined on PCD 0 of control 0 d group and PCD 7 of the other 3 groups. (7) Another batch of mouse epidermal cells were collected and divided into control group and IGF-Ⅰ group. Cells in IGF-Ⅰ group were added with 1 mL recombinant mouse IGF-Ⅰ with final mass concentration of 100 ng/mL, and cells in control group were added with the same amount of sterile PBS. On PCD 5, cells were underwent keratin 14 staining and CFSE staining as aforementioned, and keratin 14 negative cell rate of CFSE positive cells was examined. Another batch of mouse epidermal cells were collected and divided into control group and IL-17A group. Cells in IL-17A group were added with 1 mL recombinant mouse IL-17A with final mass concentration of 100 ng/mL, and cells in control group were added with the same amount of sterile PBS. On PCD 5, keratin 14 negative cell rate of CFSE positive cells was examined. Data were processed with one-way analysis of variance and t test. Results: (1) On PID 3, percentage of DETC expressing IGF-Ⅰ in normal epidermis of control group was (9.9±0.8)%, significantly lower than (19.0±0.6)% of epidermis around margin of wound group (t=8.70, P<0.01); percentage of Vγ4 T lymphocyte expressing IL-17A in normal epidermis of control group was (0.123±0.024)%, significantly lower than (8.967±0.406)% of epidermis around margin of wound group (t=21.77, P<0.01). (2) On PID 1-4, there was obvious inflammatory reaction around wounds of mice in control group, and on PID 5-8, the wound area was still large. On PID 1-4, there was slight inflammatory reaction around wounds of mice in Vγ4 T lymphocyte depletion group, and on PID 5-8, the wound area was significantly reduced. On PID 3-7, percentages of residual wound area in Vγ4 T lymphocyte depletion group were significantly lower than those in control group (t=5.92, 5.74, 7.17, 5.38, 5.57, P<0.01), while percentages of residual wound area in two groups on PID 1, 2, 6 were similar (t=1.46, 3.17, 3.10, P>0.05). (3) On PID 3, compared with those in control group, expression of IL-17A and IGF-Ⅰ in epidermis around wound margin of mice in Vγ4 T lymphocyte depletion group was markedly decreased and increased respectively (t=8.47, 19.24, P<0.01). (4) The keratin 14 positive cell rate of mouse epidermal cells was 94.7%. (5) On PCD 5, the keratin 14 negative cell rate of mice in control group was markedly higher than that of IGF-Ⅰ group, while significantly lower than that of IL-17A group (t=7.25, 5.64, P<0.01). On PCD 10, the keratin 10 positive cell rate of mice in control group was significantly higher than that of IGF-Ⅰ group, while significantly lower than that of IL-17A group (t=3.99, 10.82, P<0.05 or P<0.01). (6) Compared with that of control 0 d group, CFSE fluorescence peaks of mouse epidermal cells in control 7 d group, IGF-Ⅰ group, and IL-17A group on PCD 7 shifted to the left. Compared with that of control 7 d group, CFSE fluorescence peaks of mouse epidermal cells in IGF-Ⅰ group and IL-17A group on PCD 7 shifted to the left. (7) On PCD 5, keratin 14 negative cell rate of CFSE positive cells of mice in control group was significantly higher than that in IGF-Ⅰ group (t=9.91, P<0.01), and keratin 14 negative cell rate of CFSE positive cells of mice in control group was markedly lower than that in IL-17A group (t=6.49, P<0.01). Conclusions: In the process of wound healing, IGF-Ⅰ secreted by DETC can promote the proliferation of mouse keratin 14 positive epidermal cells and inhibit their terminal differentiation, while IL-17A secreted by Vγ4 T lymphocyte can promote the proliferation and terminal differentiation of mouse keratin 14 positive epidermal cells, thus both IGF-Ⅰ and IL-17A can affect wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn Research, the First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University (the Third Military Medical University), Chongqing Key Laboratory for Disease Proteomics, Chongqing 400038, China
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Li P, Fa M, Huang ZH, Xie LS, Xu Y, Chen WB, Zhang JY, Zhang XR, Zhu Z, Li Q. [The efficacy of sublingual specific immunotherapy in children with allergic rhinitis]. Lin Chung Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2018; 30:546-551. [PMID: 29871066 DOI: 10.13201/j.issn.1001-1781.2016.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Objective:To investigate the efficacy of single-allergen sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) in children with allergic rhinitis and the potential relationship between sensitization status and efficacy and analyze the possible relationships between sensitized state and clinical efficacy. Method:One hundred and thirty children, aged 4-15 years old, with mites-induced respiratory allergic diseases had been arranged into the treatment group (n=70) or control group (n=50) and received SLIT with standardized dermatophagoides farinae extracts and pharmacotherapy for 1 year. Rhinitis and asthma symptoms and medications, visual analogue scale (VAS), skin prick test (SPT) and peak expiratory flows (PEF) were evaluated. After treatment, patients in the poly-sensitized group who completed the study had been analyzed as subgroup 1 (n=33) and subgroup 2 (n=37) according to the number of coexist allergens. Result:The global clinical parameters had been significantly improved after treatment. The treatment and control group rhinitis symptom score, symptomatic medication score and VAS scores were significantly reduced after 52 weeks treatment (all P<0.05). SLIT group dust mite grade skin reactions decreased after 52 weeks treatment (P<0.05). Dust mite skin reactions grade was greater than before treatment in the control group (P>0.05). Between the two groups, SLIT group rhinitis symptom score at 24 weeks, 36 weeks, 52 weeks were lower than the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). SLIT group symptomatic medication score and VAS scores at 36 weeks and 52 weeks compared with the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Dust mite SLIT group grade skin reactions grade was lower than the control group at 52 weeks, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). In addition to the 36 weeks poly-sensitized group symptoms of allergic rhinitis score was lower than mono-sensitized group (P<0.05) and at 24 weeks poly-sensitized group VAS score was lower than single allergy group (P<0.05), the comparison between subgroup 1 and subgroup 2 indicated that, there was no significant difference in symptoms scores, SPT, PEF and VAS at each scheduled follow-up visit. Conclusion:This study shows that SLIT can significantly reduce rhinitis symptoms and drug use, and improve the children with allergies. An equivalent efficacy of single-allergen SLIT is found in poly-sensitized and mono-sensitized children. The number of coexist positive allergens has a limited impact on the efficacy from a long-term perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Li
- Department of Otolaryngology, Nanjing Children's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - M Fa
- Department of Otolaryngology, Changzhou Children's Hospital
| | - Z H Huang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Nanjing Children's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - L S Xie
- Department of Otolaryngology, Nanjing Children's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Y Xu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Nanjing Children's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - W B Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology, Nanjing Children's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - J Y Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Nanjing Children's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - X R Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Nanjing Children's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Z Zhu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Nanjing Children's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Q Li
- Department of Otolaryngology, Nanjing Children's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210008, China
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Han SD, Zhang XR, Pan J, Mu Y, Li JH, Wang GM. Two- and three-dimensional hybrid zinc phosphites: syntheses, structures and photoluminescence properties. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:12468-12473. [PMID: 30140811 DOI: 10.1039/c8dt02761g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Two zinc-phosphites modified by a rigid amine 3,5-bis(imidazole-1-yl)pyridine (BIP), [Zn2(HPO3)2(BIP)]·H2O (1) and [Zn3(HPO3)3(BIP)(H2O)]·H2O (2), were solvothermally prepared. Compound 1 possesses a zincophosphite layer decorated by BIP moieties via coordinating to intralayer Zn(ii) ions. Compound 2 features a 3D frame with a pillar-layer structure, in which the organic BIP pillars the inorganic zincophosphite layer via coordinating to interlayer Zn(ii) ions. The structural diversity from a 2D layer to a 3D frame was mainly attributable to the different bridging modes of BIP in the process of assembly. Their temperature-dependent photoluminescence properties have also been studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song-De Han
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Shandong 266071, P. R. China.
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Luo H, Ding SZ, Zhang XR. [Medication and biologic treatment of acute respiratory distress syndrome]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2018; 98:2712-2714. [PMID: 30220165 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2018.34.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
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Zhang XR, Li Q. [A case of magnetic pharyngeal foreign body in children]. Lin Chuang Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2018; 32:1432-1433. [PMID: 30550179 DOI: 10.13201/j.issn.1001-1781.2018.18.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Ingestion of magnetic foreign bodies is an increasing problem in the pediatric emergency in recent years.The majority of these injuries are ingestions involving the gastrointestinal tract, stomach, esophagus etc.Ingestion of multiple magnets has a high risk of bowel injury such as perforation or fistula. It needs us to pay attention to early assessment and appropriate intervention. Magnetic foreign bodies are usually from toys, a small part from medical instruments or accessories etc. It is infrequently reported that magnetic foreign body lodge in the hypopharynx, because the shape of it is spherical, button and a glaze surface. Now we have a case of magnetic foreign body involving hypopharynx.
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Zhang YH, Zhang XR, Yu J, Li HL. [Clinicopathologic features and immunophenotype of pseudosarcomatous myofibroblastic proliferation of urinary bladder]. Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi 2018; 47:585-590. [PMID: 30107662 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0529-5807.2018.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the clinicopathologic features, immunohistochemical phenotypes and biological behavior of pseudosarcomatous myofibroblastic proliferation (PMP) of the urinary bladder which may be misdiagnosed as a malignant neoplasm and undergo extensive treatment. Methods: Six cases of PMP of the urinary bladder were collected from 2001 to 2016 at Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University. The clinicopathologic features and immunophenotypic profile were studied by histopathological and immunohistochemical investigations with clinical follow-up. At the same time, the translocation of ALK gene was detected by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Immunohistochemistry was carried out using EnVision method for the expression of AE1/AE3, vimentin, EMA, SMA, Caldesmon, Calponin, desmin, ALK, Ki-67, MyoD1, myoglobin, CD34, S-100, CD117, CK7, CK20, GATA3, p63 and CK5/6. The related literature was reviewed. Results: There were two male and four female patients, significantly more common in women. The age of the patients was 27 to 53 years, and the median age was 35 years. The main clinical symptom was painless gross hematuria, one case with dysuria, and one case showed recurrent cystitis. There was no history of surgery and trauma. Follow-up ranged from 4 months to 13 years and showed five cases without recurrence and one case with recurrence. Microscopy showed submucosal lesion with inflammatory exudate and bleeding on the surface, in some cases extending to the superficial muscles of the bladder wall. The lesion was characterized by the proliferation of plump spindle cells, which were loose or dense in arrangement. There were varying degrees of acute and chronic inflammatory cells infiltration in the myxoid matrix. Spindle cells arranged in disorder, or a dense stranding, especially abundant in the cell region. The median mitotic rate was <2/10 HPF cells, but there were no pathological mitotic figures and without nuclear atypia in most spindle cells. Spindle cells with eosinophilic cytoplasm showed long tapering cytoplasmic projections. Oval or short spindle nuclei had vacuolization with prominent nucleoli, looking like ganglionic cells. There were scarce collagen fibers, and a few spindle cells degenerated with chromatin blurred. Some areas showed a granuloma-like pattern and neutrophils within vascular cavity. Immunohistochemically, the spindle cells were diffusely positive for vimentin, SMA and caldesmon. CKpan was strongly and diffusely positive. Desmin and calponin expression was varying. Ki-67 positive cells were about 35% to 55%, but the spindle cells were negative for myoglobin, S-100, CD117, CD34, p63 and CK5/6. FISH test showed that there was no ALK isolated signal in 6 cases of PMP, and so no positive cases were found. Conclusions: PMP of the urinary bladder is a benign non-neoplastic myofibroblastic proliferative lesion. Morphology is extremely easy to be misdiagnosed as malignant tumors, and therefore more attention should be paid to avoid this misdiagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y H Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
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Zhang XR, Wang SY, Sun W, Wei C. Isoliquiritigenin inhibits proliferation and metastasis of MKN28 gastric cancer cells by suppressing the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. Mol Med Rep 2018; 18:3429-3436. [PMID: 30066879 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Isoliquiritigenin (ISL) is a flavonoid extracted from licorice root, which is known to serve important antitumor roles in numerous types of cancers; however, its effect on gastric cancer remains to be elucidated. The present study aimed to explore the roles and underlying mechanisms of ISL in MKN28 gastric cancer cells. MKN28 cell proliferation was measured using the Cell Counting Kit‑8 (CCK8) assay. A Transwell assay was used to determine the effects of ISL on the migration and invasion of MKN28 cells. Apoptosis was assessed by flow cytometry, and the expression levels of apoptosis‑, autophagy‑ and signaling pathway‑related proteins were detected by western blot analysis. The results of the CCK8 assay demonstrated that ISL significantly inhibited the proliferation of MKN28 cells (P<0.05). Transwell assays demonstrated that the migration and invasion of MKN28 cells were significantly inhibited following treatment with ISL (P<0.05). Flow cytometric analysis indicated that ISL induced apoptosis of MKN28 cells. In addition, western blot analysis revealed that the ratio of microtubule‑associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3B (LC3)II/LC3I was upregulated, as was Beclin 1 expression; however, p62 was downregulated following ISL pretreatment, thus suggesting that ISL triggered autophagy in MKN28 cells. In addition, the phosphorylation levels of protein kinase B (AKT) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) were significantly reduced following ISL treatment. These results indicated that ISL may influence apoptosis and autophagy in MKN28 cells by suppressing the phosphoinositide 3‑kinase/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. In conclusion, the findings of the present study suggested that ISL may inhibit MKN28 cell proliferation, migration and invasion by inducing apoptosis and autophagy, implying potential as a therapeutic agent for gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu-Rong Zhang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Maternal and Child Health Care of Shandong Province, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China
| | - Shi-Yao Wang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510000, P.R. China
| | - Wen Sun
- Department of Research, Beijing Splinger Medical Research Institute, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
| | - Chao Wei
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250033, P.R. China
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Liu L, Liu JH, Ni W, Zhang XR, Shao DS, Zhang Z. [Value of antinuclear antibody combined with anti-filamentous actin antibody in diagnosis of type I autoimmune hepatitis]. Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi 2016; 24:859-862. [PMID: 27978933 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1007-3418.2016.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- L Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430061, China (Liu L, Liu JH, Ni W); Department of Hepatology, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430061, China (Zhang XR, Shao DS); Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Neuromedical Center, Shanghai 200331(Zhang Z)
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Zhang XR, Ding LL, Tang R, Sheng Y, Qin YY, Chen ZJ. [Effects of cystectomy for ovary benign cyst on ovarian reserve and pregnancy outcome of in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer cycle]. Zhonghua Fu Chan Ke Za Zhi 2016; 51:180-5. [PMID: 27030496 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0529-567x.2016.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the impact of previous cystectomy for ovary benign cyst on ovarian reserve and pregnancy outcome in in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection-embryo transfer (IVF/ICSI-ET) cycles. METHODS Totally 622 infertility patients were retrospectively investigated who underwent first IVF/ICSI-ET cycle in Reproductive Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University from January 2013 to June 2014. There were 153 cases who had been removed ovarian cyst by cystectomy surgeries recruited as study group, in which 44 cases of ovarian endometriosis cyst, 35 cases of benign ovarian teratomas, 67 cases of simple ovarian cyst and 7 cases of ovarian mucinous cystadenoma. In contrast, 469 infertility patients with tubal-factor infertility or male factor were included as control group. The age-matched women in the control group had no ovarian surgery previously. The indicators of ovarian reserve and pregnancy outcome were analyzed between two groups. The influence of different types of ovarian cysts on ovarian reserve and pregnancy outcome in IVF/ICSI-ET cycles were also studied, ovarian endometriosis cyst was studied as Group A, and Group B consisted of benign ovarian teratomas, simple ovarian cyst and mucinous cystadenoma. RESULTS (1) The significantly lower serum antimullerian hormone (AMH) level (median: 1.92 versus 2.90 mg/L), antral follicle count (AFC; median: 12.0 versus 13.0), retrieved oocytes (12±5 versus 13±6) and the number of embryo cryopreserved (median: 1.0 versus 3.0) were found in study group compared with control group (all P<0.05). There was no statistical difference between two group for the following parameters, such as basal FSH level, the total dosage of gonadotropin duration and the total dosage of gonadotropin (all P>0.05). A better clinical pregnancy rate was achieved in control group (61.6%, 241/391) than that in study group (61.4%, 81/132), but no significant difference was existed (P=0.96). (2) Compared to Group B, Group A had fewer AFC, lower serum AMH level, retrieved oocytes and the number of embryo cryopreserved (11±4 versus 13±5; 1.65 versus 2.15 mg/L; 9±4 versus 13±5; 0 versus 2.0; all P< 0.01). There was a lower clinical pregnancy rate in Group A than that in Group B [50.0% (19/38) versus 66.0% (62/94)], accompanying with higher abortion rate [3/19 versus 9.7% (6/62)], but no differences were observed (all P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS Ovarian reserve declines after the cystectomy for ovarian benign cysts and the cystectomy has a negative impact on IVF/ICSI-ET cycle, resulting in a decrease of the number of retrieved oocytes and the number of embryo cryopreserved, but do not influence clinical pregnancy outcome. Ovarian reserve is impaired more seriously by cystectomy for ovarian endometriosis cyst than other ovarian benign cyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- X R Zhang
- Department of Clinical IVF, Reproductive Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan 250021, China
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Ling YH, Quan Q, Xiang H, Zhu L, Chu MX, Zhang XR, Han CY. Expression profiles of differentially expressed genes affecting fecundity in goat ovarian tissues. Genet Mol Res 2015; 14:18743-52. [PMID: 26782524 DOI: 10.4238/2015.december.28.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Although RNA-Seq is an effective method for identifying and exploring novel functional genes in mammals, it has rarely been applied to study fertility-related genes in the goat. In this study, RNA-Seq was used to screen the estrus ovaries of uniparous and multiparous Anhui white goats (AWGs). In total, 15,890 genes were identified and 2201 of these were found to be differentially expressed between the genetic libraries from uniparous and multiparous goats. Compared to the uniparous library, 1583 genes were up-regulated and 618 genes were down-regulated in the multiparous library. The FER1L4 gene showed the level of highest up-regulation in the multiparous library, while SRD5A2 expression showed the greatest down-regulation. In order to determine the functions of FER1L4 and SRD5A2 in goats, the expression profiles of the two genes in different tissues from AWGs and Boer goats at diestrus were analyzed by quantitative PCR. FER1L4 and SRD5A2 showed tissue specific expression patterns and were highly expressed in ovaries from both AWGs and Boer goats. FER1L4 was more highly expressed in ovaries from multiparous than uniparous AWGs. In contrast, SRD5A2 was expressed at a lower level in multiparous AWGs. These results indicated that FER1L4 and SRD5A2 may be associated with the high fecundity of AWGs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y H Ling
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Local Animal Genetic Resources Conservation and Biobreeding Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Q Quan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China.,College of Economy and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - H Xiang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Local Animal Genetic Resources Conservation and Biobreeding Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - L Zhu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Local Animal Genetic Resources Conservation and Biobreeding Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - M X Chu
- Key Laboratory of Farm Animal Genetic Resources and Germplasm Innovation of Ministry of Agriculture, Anhui, Beijing, China
| | - X R Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Local Animal Genetic Resources Conservation and Biobreeding Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - C Y Han
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Local Animal Genetic Resources Conservation and Biobreeding Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui, China
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Sun ZP, Zhang J, Shi LH, Zhang XR, Duan Y, Xu WF, Dai G, Wang XJ. Aminopeptidase N inhibitor 4cc synergizes antitumor effects of 5-fluorouracil on human liver cancer cells through ROS-dependent CD13 inhibition. Biomed Pharmacother 2015; 76:65-72. [PMID: 26653552 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2015.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2015] [Accepted: 10/16/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Aminopeptidase N (APN, also known as CD13) is involved in cellular processes of various types of tumors and a potential anti-cancer therapeutic target. Here, we report the effect of an APN inhibitor 4cc in enhancing sensitivity of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell lines and xenograft model in response to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in vivo and in vitro. The treatment of the combination of 4cc with 5-FU, compared to the combination of bestain with 5-FU, markedly suppressed cell growth and induced apoptosis of HCC cells, accompanying the increase in the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and followed by a decrease in the mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨM). Furthermore, the combination of 4cc and 5-FU showed a significant inhibitory effect on the growth of HCC xenograft tumors. In addition, following the treatment of 4cc, APN activity and clonogenic formation and the number of CD13-positive cells in PLC/PRF/5 cells were significantly decreased, suggesting that 4cc may also inhibit liver cancer stem cells by CD13 inhibition. These results showed that the APN inhibitor 4cc synergizes antitumor effects of 5-FU on human liver cancer cells via ROS-mediated drug resistance inhibition and concurrent activation of the mitochondrial pathways of apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Peng Sun
- Key Laboratory of Applied Pharmacology in Universities of Shandong, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, Shandong, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Medical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, Shandong, China
| | - Li-Hong Shi
- Key Laboratory of Applied Pharmacology in Universities of Shandong, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, Shandong, China
| | - Xiu-Rong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Pharmacology in Universities of Shandong, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, Shandong, China
| | - Yu Duan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, Shandong, China
| | - Wen-Fang Xu
- Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Gong Dai
- Key Laboratory of Applied Pharmacology in Universities of Shandong, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, Shandong, China.
| | - Xue-Jian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Pharmacology in Universities of Shandong, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, Shandong, China.
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Wang XJ, Duan Y, Li ZT, Feng JH, Pan XP, Zhang XR, Shi LH, Zhang T. Preparation and antitumor activity of a tamibarotene-furoxan derivative. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2014; 15:6343-7. [PMID: 25124622 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2014.15.15.6343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Multi-target drug design, in which drugs are designed as single molecules to simultaneously modulate multiple physiological targets, is an important strategy in the field of drug discovery. QT-011, a tamibarotene-furoxan derivative, was here prepared and proposed to exert synergistic effects on antileukemia by releasing nitric oxide and tamibarotene. Compared with tamibarotene itself, QT-011 displayed stronger antiproliferative effects on U937 and HL-60 cells and was more effective evaluated in a nude mice U937 xenograft model in vivo. In addition, QT-011 could release nitric oxide which might contribute to the antiproliferative activity. Autodocking assays showed that QT-011 fits well with the hydrophobic pocket of retinoic acid receptors. Taken together, these results suggest that QT-011 might be a highly effective derivative of tamibarotene and a potential candidate compound as antileukemia agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Jian Wang
- School of Pharmacy and Biology Science, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China E-mail : ,
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Wang XJ, Zhang XR, Zhang L, Li QH, Wang L, Shi LH, Fang CY. A new cell counting method to evaluate anti-tumor compound activity. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2014; 15:3397-401. [PMID: 24870728 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2014.15.8.3397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Determining cell quantity is a common problem in cytology research and anti-tumor drug development. A simple and low-cost method was developed to determine monolayer and adherent-growth cell quantities. The cell nucleus is located in the cytoplasm, and is independent. Thus, the nucleus cannot make contact even if the cell density is heavy. This phenomenon is the foundation of accurate cell-nucleus recognition. The cell nucleus is easily recognizable in images after fluorescent staining because it is independent. A one-to-one relationship exists between the nucleus and the cell; therefore, this method can be used to determine the quantity of proliferating cells. Results indicated that the activity of the histone deacetylase inhibitor Z1 was effective after this method was used. The nude-mouse xenograft model also revealed the potent anti-tumor activity of Z1. This research presents a new anti-tumor-drug evaluation method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Jian Wang
- School of Pharmacy and Biology Science, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China E-mail :
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Zhang XR, Shi NQ, Zhao Y, Zhu HY, Guan J, Jin Y. Deoxycholic acid-grafted PEGylated chitosan micelles for the delivery of mitomycin C. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2014; 41:916-26. [DOI: 10.3109/03639045.2014.913613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Ling YH, Ding JP, Zhang XD, Wang LJ, Zhang YH, Li YS, Zhang ZJ, Zhang XR. Characterization of microRNAs from goat (Capra hircus) by Solexa deep-sequencing technology. Genet Mol Res 2013; 12:1951-61. [PMID: 23913378 DOI: 10.4238/2013.june.13.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are an important class of small noncoding RNAs that are highly conserved in plants and animals. Many miRNAs are known to mediate a myriad of cell processes, including proliferation and differentiation, via the regulation of some transcription and signaling factors, which are closely related to muscle development and disease. In this study, small RNA cDNA libraries of Boer goats were constructed. In addition, we obtained the goat muscle miRNAs by using Solexa deep-sequencing technology and analyzed these miRNA characteristics by combining it with the bioinformatics technology. Based on Solexa sequencing and bioinformatics analysis, 562 species-conserved and 5 goat genome-specific miRNAs were identified, 322 of which exceeded 100 in the expression levels. The results of real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction from 8 randomly selected miRNAs showed that the 8 miRNAs were expressed in goat muscle, and the expression patterns were consistent with the Solexa sequencing results. The identification and characterization of miRNAs in goat muscle provide important information on the role of miRNA regulation in muscle growth and development. These data will help to facilitate studies on the regulatory roles played by miRNAs during goat growth and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y H Ling
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
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Ling YH, Zhang XD, Yao N, Ding JP, Chen HQ, Zhang ZJ, Zhang YH, Ren CH, Ma YH, Zhang XR. Genetic differentiation of chinese indigenous meat goats ascertained using microsatellite information. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci 2012; 25:177-82. [PMID: 25049548 PMCID: PMC4093133 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.2011.11308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2011] [Accepted: 10/31/2011] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the genetic diversity of seven Chinese indigenous meat goat breeds (Tibet goat, Guizhou white goat, Shannan white goat, Yichang white goat, Matou goat, Changjiangsanjiaozhou white goat and Anhui white goat), explain their genetic relationship and assess their integrity and degree of admixture, 302 individuals from these breeds and 42 Boer goats introduced from Africa as reference samples were genotyped for 11 microsatellite markers. Results indicated that the genetic diversity of Chinese indigenous meat goats was rich. The mean heterozygosity and the mean allelic richness (AR) for the 8 goat breeds varied from 0.697 to 0.738 and 6.21 to 7.35, respectively. Structure analysis showed that Tibet goat breed was genetically distinct and was the first to separate and the other Chinese goats were then divided into two sub-clusters: Shannan white goat and Yichang white goat in one cluster; and Guizhou white goat, Matou goat, Changjiangsanjiaozhou white goat and Anhui white goat in the other cluster. This grouping pattern was further supported by clustering analysis and Principal component analysis. These results may provide a scientific basis for the characteristization, conservation and utilization of Chinese meat goats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y H Ling
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China ; Local Animal Genetic Resources Conservation and Biobreeding Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei 230036, China . ; Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - X D Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China ; Local Animal Genetic Resources Conservation and Biobreeding Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei 230036, China
| | - N Yao
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - J P Ding
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China ; Local Animal Genetic Resources Conservation and Biobreeding Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei 230036, China
| | - H Q Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China ; Local Animal Genetic Resources Conservation and Biobreeding Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Z J Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China ; Local Animal Genetic Resources Conservation and Biobreeding Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Y H Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China ; Local Animal Genetic Resources Conservation and Biobreeding Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei 230036, China
| | - C H Ren
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China ; Local Animal Genetic Resources Conservation and Biobreeding Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Y H Ma
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - X R Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China ; Local Animal Genetic Resources Conservation and Biobreeding Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei 230036, China
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Guan J, Zhu HY, Zhang XR, Zhao Y, Sun DY. [Pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of Schisandra chinensis extract in mice]. Zhong Yao Cai 2011; 34:1912-1915. [PMID: 22500430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of Schisandra chinensis in mice. METHODS Schisandrin in mice plasma and tissues including heart, liver, spleen, lung and kidney was quantitatively determined by HPLC. RESULTS The concentration-time curve of Schisandra chinensis extract was described by a single compartment model, Cmax was (2.17 +/- 0.27) mg/ mL, t(max) was (1.00 +/- 0.32) h, AUC0-->infinity, was (4.07 +/- 0.62) mg x h/mL. The sequence of distribution of schisandrin in mice body was as follows: liver > plasma > kidney > lung > heart > spleen. CONCLUSION The distribution of extract in the body is abroad. Liver has relative high concentration of schisandrin, which is beneficial to the treatment of hepatic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Guan
- College of Pharmacy, Jilin Medical College, Jilin 132013, China.
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Hu LY, Sun ZG, Wen YM, Cheng GZ, Wang SL, Zhao HB, Zhang XR. ATP-mediated protein kinase B Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin mTOR/p70 ribosomal S6 protein p70S6 kinase signaling pathway activation promotes improvement of locomotor function after spinal cord injury in rats. Neuroscience 2010; 169:1046-62. [PMID: 20678995 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2010.05.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2009] [Revised: 04/23/2010] [Accepted: 05/20/2010] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The protein kinase B (Akt)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)/p70 ribosomal S6 protein kinase (p70S6K) signaling pathway, as a central controller of cell growth, proliferation, survival, and differentiation in response to extracellular signals, growth factors, nutrient availability, energy status of the cell, and stress, has recently gained attention in neuroscience. The effects of this signaling pathway on repair of spinal cord injury (SCI), however, have not been well elucidated. ATP is increasingly recognized as an important regulator of signal transduction pathways, and plays important roles in functional recovery after nervous system injury. In the present study, we examined the ATP-induced changes of the Akt/mTOR/p70S6K signaling pathway in injured spinal cord of adult rats and potential therapeutic effects of this pathway on SCI-induced locomotor dysfunction. SCI was produced by extradural weight-drop using modified Allen's stall with damage energy of 50 g-cm force. The rats were divided into four groups: SCI plus ATP, SCI plus saline, SCI plus ATP and rapamycin, and sham-operated. Using immunostaining studies, Western blot analyses and real-time qualitative RT-PCR analyses, we demonstrated that the Akt/mTOR/p70S6K signaling pathway is present in the injured spinal cord and the expression of its components at the protein and mRNA levels is significantly elevated by exogenous administration of ATP following SCI. We observed the effectiveness of the activated Akt/mTOR/p70S6K signaling pathway in improving locomotor recovery, significantly increasing the expression of nestin, neuronal nuclei (NeuN), neuron specific enolase (NSE), and neurofilament 200 (NF200), and relatively inhibiting excessive reactive astrogliosis after SCI in a rapamycin-sensitive manner. We concluded that ATP injection produced a significant activation of the Akt/mTOR/p70S6K signaling pathway in the injured spinal cord and that enhancement of rapamycin-sensitive signaling produces beneficial effects on SCI-induced motor function defects and repair potential. We suggest that modulation of this protein kinase signaling pathway activity should be considered as a potential therapeutic strategy for SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Y Hu
- Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, 82 Cui Ying Men, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu, PR China
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Tao Y, Chen H, Tian NN, Huo DT, Li G, Zhang YH, Liu Y, Fang FG, Ding JP, Zhang XR. Effects of l-Ascorbic Acid, α-Tocopherol and Co-culture onIn VitroDevelopmental Potential of Porcine Cumulus Cells Free Oocytes. Reprod Domest Anim 2010; 45:19-25. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2008.01129.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Hu XY, Xu YM, Qiao Y, Wu DL, Sa YL, Fu Q, Yu JJ, Zhang XR, Zhang J, Gu BJ, Chen R, Xie H. Retraction: Reduced semen quality in chronic prostatitis patients that induce the release of apoptotic protein Omi/HtrA2 from spermatozoa. Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis 2008; 10:398. [PMID: 18049464 DOI: 10.1038/sj.pcan.4501016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohai Liu
- a Krebs Institute, Department of Chemistry , University of Sheffield , Sheffield, S3 7HF, UK
- b Krebs Institute, Department of Chemistry , University of Sheffield , Sheffield, S3 7HF, UK
- c Krebs Institute, Department of Chemistry , University of Sheffield , Sheffield, S3 7HF, UK
| | - Xiu-Rong Zhang
- a Krebs Institute, Department of Chemistry , University of Sheffield , Sheffield, S3 7HF, UK
- b Krebs Institute, Department of Chemistry , University of Sheffield , Sheffield, S3 7HF, UK
- c Krebs Institute, Department of Chemistry , University of Sheffield , Sheffield, S3 7HF, UK
| | - G. Michael Blackburn
- a Krebs Institute, Department of Chemistry , University of Sheffield , Sheffield, S3 7HF, UK
- b Krebs Institute, Department of Chemistry , University of Sheffield , Sheffield, S3 7HF, UK
- c Krebs Institute, Department of Chemistry , University of Sheffield , Sheffield, S3 7HF, UK
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Hu XY, Xu YM, Qiao Y, Wu DL, Sa YL, Fu Q, Yu JJ, Zhang XR, Zhang J, Gu BJ, Chen R, Xie H. Reduced semen quality in chronic prostatitis patients that induce the release of apoptotic protein Omi/HtrA2 from spermatozoa. Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis 2006; 10:104-8. [PMID: 17043678 DOI: 10.1038/sj.pcan.4500919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The relationship between chronic prostatitis and fertility has been disputed for many years. Several groups have shown infection and autoimmune response against prostate antigens could have a deleterious effect on semen quality and fertility. This study was conducted to test the hypothesis that Omi/HtrA2-induced apoptosis in chronic prostatitis could be a mechanism underlying the observed clinical benefit. The Omi/HtrA2 serine protease is a nuclear-encoded mitochondrial protein, which can be released from mitochondria into the cytosol after apoptosis stimuli, inducing apoptosis in caspase-dependent and independent manners. Forty-one patients diagnosed as suffering from chronic prostatitis were included. Healthy normal individuals were included as controls. Human spermatozoa in the semen were purified by Percoll-gradient technique to separate the seminal plasma and other round cells. Measurements for sperm concentration, motility, morphology, proinflammatory cytokines, Omi/HtrA2 mRNA and protein levels in spermatozoa of chronic protatitis patients, were performed accordingly. Significantly increased levels of proinflammatory cytokines were detected in seminal plasma from these prostatitis patients. Omi/HtrA2 mRNA and protein levels were significantly higher in prostatitis men than in normal men. This study shows that chronic prostatitis patients present important alterations in their semen quality parameters, Omi/HtrA2 mRNA and protein levels of spermatozoa. We speculate that the inflammatory process involved may affect male fertility by release of proapoptotic protein Omi/HtrA2.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Y Hu
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated No. 6 People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
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Zhang ZG, Liu XG, Chen GP, Zhang XR, Guo MY. Significance of MMP-2 and TIMP-2 mRNA expressions on glomerular cells in the development of glomerulosclerosis. Chin Med Sci J 2004; 19:84-8. [PMID: 15250240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the expressions of MMP-2 and TIMP-2 mRNA on cultured rat mesangial cells (MsC) and in human diseased glomeruli, and to explore their significance in the development of glomerulosclerosis. METHODS The expressions of MMP-2, TIMP-2, and Col IV mRNA on cultured rat MsC stimulated by IL-1 or/and TGF-beta1 were investigated through Northern blot analysis. The levels of MMP-2 and TIMP-2 mRNA expressions and immunoreactivity of PCNA and Col IV in human diseased glomeruli from renal biopsies of lupus nephritis (LN) patients were examined by in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry, respectively. RESULTS The levels of MMP-2, TIMP-2, and Col IV mRNA expressions were markedly increased on cultured rat MsC stimulated by IL-1 or/and TGF-beta1. Meanwhile, upregulation of MMP-2 and TIMP-2 mRNA expressions was confirmed in diseased glomeruli from patients with various subtypes of LN, and was closely related to the positive cell number of PCNA presentation and deposition of Col IV in glomeruli. CONCLUSION The results suggest that the over-expressions of MMP-2 and TIMP-2 mRNA on glomerular cells might play a critical role in the development of glomerulosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Gang Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032
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Zhang XR, Zhang LY, Devadas S, Li L, Keegan AD, Shi YF. Reciprocal expression of TRAIL and CD95L in Th1 and Th2 cells: role of apoptosis in T helper subset differentiation. Cell Death Differ 2003; 10:203-10. [PMID: 12700648 DOI: 10.1038/sj.cdd.4401138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Upon activation, naïve T helper cells can differentiate into two major distinct subsets, T helper 1 (Th1) and T helper 2 (Th2), as defined by their effector functions and cytokine secretion patterns. Cytokine milieu and costimulatory molecules have been shown to play an essential role in determining T helper differentiation. However, it is still unclear how the effects of signals of costimulatory molecules and cytokines are exerted during T helper differentiation. We show evidence suggesting that while cytokine signals initiate the differentiation program, the selective action of death effectors determines the end point balance of differentiating T helper subsets. We examined the expression of TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) and CD95L in cloned and in vitro differentiated Th1 and Th2 cells. We found that activation-induced expression of TRAIL is exclusively observed in Th2 clones and primary T helper cells differentiated under the Th2 condition, while the expression of CD95L is mainly in Th1 cells. Furthermore, these two subsets exhibit distinct susceptibilities to TRAIL- and CD95L-mediated apoptosis. Th2 cells are more resistant to either TRAIL- or CD95L-induced apoptosis than Th1 cells. More importantly, both Th1 and Th2 cells could induce apoptosis in labeled Th1 but not Th2 cells. Blocking TRAIL and CD95L significantly enhance IFN-gamma production in vitro. Likewise, young MRL/MpJ-lpr/lpr mice also showed more Th1 response to ovalbumin immunization as compared to MRL/MpJ+/+. Therefore, apoptosis mediated by CD95L and TRAIL is critical in determining the fate of differentiating T helper cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- X R Zhang
- Department of Immunology, American Red Cross, Rockville, MD 20855, USA
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