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Chao TC, Tung HY, Tsai CH, Pen CM, Wu CC, Liao CH, Ou YC, Tsai CC, Yang SD, Tsai YC. Laparoscopic versus robotic TAPP/TEP inguinal hernia repair: a multicenter, propensity score weighted study. Hernia 2024; 28:199-209. [PMID: 37934377 DOI: 10.1007/s10029-023-02916-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The objective of this retrospective study was to assess safety and comparative clinical effectiveness of laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair (LIHR) and robot-assisted inguinal hernia repair (RIHR) from multi-institutional experience in Taiwan. METHODS Medical records from a total of eight hospitals were retrospectively collected and analyzed. Patients primarily diagnosed of inguinal hernia, recurrent inguinal hernia or incarceration groin hernia patients who either underwent laparoscopic or robot-assisted inguinal hernia repair between January 2018 and December 2022 were included in the study. Baseline characteristics, intra-operative and post-operative results were analyzed. To compare two cohorts, overlap weighting was employed to balance the significant inter-group differences. We also conducted subgroup analyses by state of a hernia (primary or recurrent/incarceration) and laterality (unilateral or bilateral) that indicated complexity of surgery. RESULTS A total of 1,080 patients who underwent minimally invasive inguinal hernia repair from 8 hospitals across Taiwan were collected. Following the application of inclusion criteria, there were 279 patients received RIHR and 763 patients received LIHR. In the baseline analysis, RIHR was more often performed in recurrent/incarceration (RIHR 18.6% vs LIHR 10.3%, p = 0.001) and bilateral cases (RIHR 81.4 vs LIHR 58.3, p < 0.001). Suturing was dominant mesh fixation method in RIHR (RIHR 81% vs LIHR 35.8%, p < 0.001). More overweight patients were treated with RIHR (RIHR 58.8% vs LIHR 48.9%, p = 0.006). After overlap weighting, there were no significant difference in intraoperative and post-operative complications between RIHR and LIHR. Reoperation and prescription rates of pain medication (opioid) were significantly lower in RIHR than LIHR in overall group comparison (reoperation: RIHR 0% vs. LIHR 2.9%, p = 0.016) (Opioid prescription: RIHR 3.34 mg vs LIHR 10.82 mg, p = 0.001) while operation time was significantly longer in RIHR (OR time: RIHR 155.27 min vs LIHR 95.30 min, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS This real-world experience suggested that RIHR is a safe, and feasible option with comparable intra-operative and post-operative outcomes to LHIR. In our study, RIHR showed technical advantages in more complicated hernia cases with yielding to lower reoperation rates, and less opioid use.
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Affiliation(s)
- T-C Chao
- Department of Urology, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, No. 289, JianGuo Road, Xindian District, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - H-Y Tung
- Taoyuan General Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - C-H Tsai
- Taichung Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - C-M Pen
- Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - C-C Wu
- Shuang Ho Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - C-H Liao
- Cardinal Tien Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Y-C Ou
- Tungs' Taichung Metro Harbor Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - C-C Tsai
- Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - S-D Yang
- Department of Urology, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, No. 289, JianGuo Road, Xindian District, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Y-C Tsai
- Department of Urology, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, No. 289, JianGuo Road, Xindian District, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
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Salomonsson SE, Maltos AM, Gill K, Aladesuyi Arogundade O, Brown KA, Sachdev A, Sckaff M, Lam KJK, Fisher IJ, Chouhan RS, Van Laar VS, Marley CB, McLaughlin I, Bankiewicz KS, Tsai YC, Conklin BR, Clelland CD. Validated assays for the quantification of C9orf72 human pathology. Sci Rep 2024; 14:828. [PMID: 38191789 PMCID: PMC10774390 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-50667-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
A repeat expansion mutation in the C9orf72 gene is the leading known genetic cause of FTD and ALS. The C9orf72-ALS/FTD field has been plagued by a lack of reliable tools to monitor this genomic locus and its RNA and protein products. We have validated assays that quantify C9orf72 pathobiology at the DNA, RNA and protein levels using knock-out human iPSC lines as controls. Here we show that single-molecule sequencing can accurately measure the repeat expansion and faithfully report on changes to the C9orf72 locus in what has been a traditionally hard to sequence genomic region. This is of particular value to sizing and phasing the repeat expansion and determining changes to the gene locus after gene editing. We developed ddPCR assays to quantify two major C9orf72 transcript variants, which we validated by selective excision of their distinct transcriptional start sites. Using validated knock-out human iPSC lines, we validated 4 commercially available antibodies (of 9 tested) that were specific for C9orf72 protein quantification by Western blot, but none were specific for immunocytochemistry. We tested 15 combinations of antibodies against dipeptide repeat proteins (DPRs) across 66 concentrations using MSD immunoassay, and found two (against poly-GA and poly-GP) that yielded a 1.5-fold or greater signal increase in patient iPSC-motor neurons compared to knock-out control, and validated them in human postmortem and transgenic mouse brain tissue. Our validated DNA, RNA and protein assays are applicable to discovery research as well as clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- S E Salomonsson
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Memory & Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - A M Maltos
- Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - K Gill
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Memory & Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - O Aladesuyi Arogundade
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Memory & Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - K A Brown
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Memory & Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - A Sachdev
- Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - M Sckaff
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Memory & Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - K J K Lam
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Memory & Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - I J Fisher
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Memory & Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - R S Chouhan
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Memory & Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - V S Van Laar
- Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- The Gene Therapy Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - C B Marley
- Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - K S Bankiewicz
- Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- The Gene Therapy Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Y-C Tsai
- Pacific Biosciences, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - B R Conklin
- Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Departments of Medicine, Ophthalmology, and Pharmacology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - C D Clelland
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Memory & Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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Yan YJ, Tsai YC, Ko ML, Lee NC, Chiou JC, Ou-Yang M. Quantitative examination of early diabetes by light-emitting diodes light-induced pupillary light reflex. Rev Sci Instrum 2021; 92:014101. [PMID: 33514206 DOI: 10.1063/5.0030042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the abnormal pupillary light reflex in patients with early diabetes mellitus (DM) without retinopathy by using a custom-made noninvasive portable pupilometer. The pupilometer recorded and analyzed the pupillary light reflex. Two light intensities, 0.2 cd and 1.2 cd, and four wavelengths of stimulus light-white (400 nm-800 nm), red (640 ± 5 nm), green (534 ± 5 nm), and blue (470 ± 5 nm)-were used to stimulate the pupil for 10 ms. The pupillary response was recorded for 15 s. A total of 40 healthy people and 40 people with DM without retinopathy participated in the experiment at the National Taiwan University Hospital. The mean and standard deviation of DM duration were 4.5 years and 3.9 years. Of the 16 indices, the duration that pupil restores from its minimum size to half of its resting size (DRP), maximum pupil restoration velocity (MRV), and average restoration velocity (ARV) exhibited the most significant differences between the healthy people and those with DM. Compared with healthy participants, DRP was 16.33% higher, and MRV and ARV were 17.45% and 4.58% lower, respectively, in those with DM. This might be attributable to the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) controlling the dilator muscle during the dark-adapted period and relaxing the pupil; the SNS had few degenerated nerve endings in people with DM. The three aforementioned indices might be used to evaluate the severity of autonomic neuropathy in early DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y J Yan
- Institute of Electrical and Control Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu City 300, Taiwan
| | - Y C Tsai
- Institute of Electrical and Control Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu City 300, Taiwan
| | - M L Ko
- National Taiwan University Hospital Hsinchu Branch, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - N C Lee
- National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - J C Chiou
- Institute of Electrical and Control Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu City 300, Taiwan
| | - M Ou-Yang
- Institute of Electrical and Control Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu City 300, Taiwan
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Tsai YC, Wang HJ, Wang LY, Shaw CK, Lee YP, Lin MC, Huang CH. Retrospective analysis of the association between tooth loss and dementia: a population-based matched case-control study. Community Dent Health 2020; 37:59-64. [PMID: 32031342 DOI: 10.1922/cdh_4609tsai06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To clarify the association between multiple tooth loss and dementia. BASIC RESEARCH DESIGN Case-control study based on the claims data from National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD). Patients were divided into two groups: the dementia groups and non-dementia group. For each case patient, one control patient was randomly selected and frequency matched by age (per 5 years) and sex. The case group comprised patients newly diagnosed with dementia, and the index date was the the date of dementia diagnosis, which became the baseline for comorbidity and age calculations. RESULTS Among the 43,026 individuals, patients with dementia had a significantly higher extraction density at ages 60-69 (p ⟨ 0.0001) and 70-79 (p = 0.04) years compared with control patients. CONCLUSIONS This population-based retrospective study demonstrated an association between tooth loss and dementia. Patients in Taiwan with more tooth extraction experience are likely to have an increased risk of dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y-C Tsai
- Department of dentistry, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital and Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - H-J Wang
- Joint first author, Department of Urology, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital and Tzu Chi University, Taiwan
| | - L-Y Wang
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics Consulting Center, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital and Tzu Chi University, Taiwan
| | - C-K Shaw
- Cheng Kuang Dental Clinic, Taiwan
| | - Y-P Lee
- Department of dentistry, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital and Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - M-C Lin
- China Medical University Hospital, Academia Sinica Stroke Biosignature Project, MOST Clinical Trial Consortium for Stroke, Tseng-Lien Lin Foundation, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - C-H Huang
- Department of dentistry, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital and Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
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Liao JF, Hsu CC, Chou GT, Hsu JS, Liong MT, Tsai YC. Lactobacillus paracasei PS23 reduced early-life stress abnormalities in maternal separation mouse model. Benef Microbes 2019; 10:425-436. [PMID: 30882243 DOI: 10.3920/bm2018.0077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Maternal separation (MS) has been developed as a model for inducing stress and depression in studies using rodents. The concept of the gut-brain axis suggests that gut health is essential for brain health. Here, we present the effects of administration of a probiotic, Lactobacillus paracasei PS23 (PS23), to MS mice against psychological traits including anxiety and depression. The administration of live and heat-killed PS23 cells showed positive behavioural effects on MS animals, where exploratory tendencies and mobility were increased in behavioural tests, indicating reduced anxiety and depression compared to the negative control mice (P<0.05). Mice administered with both live and heat-killed PS23 cells also showed lower serum corticosterone levels accompanied by higher serum anti-inflammatory interleukin 10 (IL-10) levels, compared to MS separated mice (P<0.05), indicating a stress-elicited response affiliated with increased immunomodulatory properties. Assessment of neurotransmitters in the brain hippocampal region revealed that PS23 affected the concentrations of dopaminergic metabolites differently than the control, suggesting that PS23 may have improved MS-induced stress levels via neurotransmitter pathways, such as dopamine or other mechanisms not addressed in the current study. Our study illustrates the potential of a probiotic in reversing abnormalities induced by early life stress and could be an alternative for brain health along the gut-brain axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- J F Liao
- 1 Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang-Ming University, No.155, Sec.2, Linong Street, Beitou Dist., Taipei 11221, Taiwan ROC
| | - C C Hsu
- 2 Bened Biomedical Co., Ltd., 2F-2, No.129, Sec. 2, Zhongshan N. Rd., Zhongshan Dist., Taipei 10448, Taiwan ROC
| | - G T Chou
- 1 Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang-Ming University, No.155, Sec.2, Linong Street, Beitou Dist., Taipei 11221, Taiwan ROC
| | - J S Hsu
- 2 Bened Biomedical Co., Ltd., 2F-2, No.129, Sec. 2, Zhongshan N. Rd., Zhongshan Dist., Taipei 10448, Taiwan ROC
| | - M T Liong
- 3 School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia
| | - Y C Tsai
- 4 Microbiome Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, No.155, Sec.2, Linong Street, Beitou Dist., Taipei 11221, Taiwan ROC
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Tsai YC. Image Gallery: Contact dermatitis resulting from tarantula-hair injury mimicking ischaemia: a case with dermoscopy follow-up. Br J Dermatol 2018; 178:e227. [PMID: 29595221 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.16329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Y-C Tsai
- Department of Dermatology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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7
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Korinek M, El-Shazly M, Tsai YC, Wang LC, Yu ML, Wu YC, Chen BH, Chang FR. Screening for Anti-allergic Activity of Natural Products. Am J Transl Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1608097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M Korinek
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - M El-Shazly
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - YC Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - LC Wang
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - ML Yu
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - YC Wu
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Research Center for Natural Products & Drug Development, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - BH Chen
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - FR Chang
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Siu MK, Suau F, Chen WY, Tsai YC, Tsai HY, Yeh HL, Liu YN. KLF4 functions as an activator of the androgen receptor through reciprocal feedback. Oncogenesis 2016; 5:e282. [PMID: 27991915 PMCID: PMC5177777 DOI: 10.1038/oncsis.2016.79] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Revised: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In prostate cancer, Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) depletion occurs frequently, suggesting a role as suppressor tumor. KLF4 is a transcription factor associated with androgen receptor (AR) expression; however, its cellular functions and signaling regulation mechanism remain largely unknown. In this study, we demonstrated that activated AR binds to the KLF4 promoter and enhances KLF4 expression, which reciprocally targets the AR promoter, thus sustaining KLF4 activity. Ectopic KLF4 expression in androgen-independent prostate cancer cells induced AR expression and decreased cell proliferation, invasion and bone metastasis. We previously showed that increased microRNA (miR)-1 expression is associated with reduced bone metastasis of prostate cancer cells. Here we observed that KLF4 targets the primary miR-1-2 stem-loop promoter and stimulates miR-1 expression. In clinical prostate cancer specimens, KLF4 levels were positively correlated with miR-1 and AR levels. These data suggest that the loss of KLF4 expression is one mechanistic link between aggressive prostate cancer progression and low canonical AR output through miR-1 inactivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M-K Siu
- Program for Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Anesthesiology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - F Suau
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Turkey
| | - W-Y Chen
- Department of Pathology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Y-C Tsai
- Program for Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - H-Y Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - H-L Yeh
- Institute of Information System and Applications, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Y-N Liu
- Program for Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Lan HT, Lu SH, Kuo SH, Tsai YC, Chen LH, Wen SY, Wang CW. SU-F-T-621: Impact of Vacuum and Treatment Couch On Surface Dose in Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy With and Without a Flattening Filter. Med Phys 2016. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4956806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Lu SH, Tsai YC, Lan HT, Wen SY, Chen LH, Kuo SH, Wang CW. SU-F-T-238: Analyzing the Performance of MapCHECK2 and Delta4 Quality Assurance Phantoms in IMRT and VMAT Plans. Med Phys 2016. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4956378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Liu YW, Ong WK, Su YW, Hsu CC, Cheng TH, Tsai YC. Anti-inflammatory effects of Lactobacillus brevis K65 on RAW 264.7 cells and in mice with dextran sulphate sodium-induced ulcerative colitis. Benef Microbes 2016; 7:387-96. [PMID: 26925602 DOI: 10.3920/bm2015.0109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) with anti-inflammatory effects may be beneficial to the prevention or treatment for inflammation-related diseases, such as inflammatory bowel diseases. In an in vitro assay, heat-killed Lactobacillus brevis K65 (K65) reduced lipopolysaccharide-induced production of nitric oxide, tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α and prostaglandin E2 in RAW 264.7 cells. In RAW 264.7 cells stably expressing an ind=ucible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) reporter, viable K65 showed greater inhibition of iNOS production than its heat-killed form. In order to further examine the in vivo anti-inflammatory effect of K65, viable K65 was orally administered to BALB/c mice before and during the period of dextran sulphate sodium (DSS)-induced ulcerative colitis (UC). K65 improved UC symptoms, including reduced the levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines, TNF-α, interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-1β, and lowered the activity of myeloperoxidase. Furthermore, K65 inhibited TNF-α, cyclo-oxygenase 2, forkhead box P3, and Toll-like receptor 4 mRNA expression in the colonic tissue of DSS-induced UC mice. Taken together, K65, a LAB with in vitro anti-inflammatory activity showed preventive effects on mice with DSS-induced UC by lowering the expression of inflammatory molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y-W Liu
- 1 Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang-Ming University, No. 155, Sec. 2, Linong Street, 11221 Taipei City, Taiwan, ROC
| | - W-K Ong
- 1 Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang-Ming University, No. 155, Sec. 2, Linong Street, 11221 Taipei City, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Y-W Su
- 1 Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang-Ming University, No. 155, Sec. 2, Linong Street, 11221 Taipei City, Taiwan, ROC
| | - C-C Hsu
- 2 Bened Biomedicals Co., Ltd., 2F.-2, No.129, Sec. 2, Zhongshan N. Rd., Zhongshan Dist., 10448 Taipei City, Taiwan, ROC
| | - T-H Cheng
- 1 Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang-Ming University, No. 155, Sec. 2, Linong Street, 11221 Taipei City, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Y-C Tsai
- 1 Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang-Ming University, No. 155, Sec. 2, Linong Street, 11221 Taipei City, Taiwan, ROC
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Tsai YC, Lu SH, Chen LH, Kuo SH, Wang CW. SU-F-T-587: Quality Assurance of Stereotactic Radiosurgery (SRS) and Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy (SBRT) for Patient Specific Plans: A Comparison Between MATRIXX and Delta4 QA Devices. Med Phys 2016. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4956772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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13
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Cheng HCS, Horng CF, Huang TT, Tsou MH, Shih LS, Yu BL, Tsai YC, Chen CM. Abstract P2-08-14: Validation of gene expression profiling in prediction of locoregional recurrence for breast cancer patients after surgery. Cancer Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs15-p2-08-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Purpose
We have identified 34 genes of interest that can distinguish post-mastectomy cancer patients into high- and low-risk of locoregional recurrence (LRR) in 2006. In this study, we validate the performance of 18 of 34 genes in prediction of LRR after mastectomy and breast conserving surgery (BCS).
Materials and methods
A total of 124 breast cancer patients who underwent mastectomy from 2005 to 2012 and had DNA microarray study on the primary tumor tissues were chosen for this study. Eligible patients should have no post-mastectomy radiotherapy (PMRT) with a minimum of 2-year follow-up. Among the 34 genes in previous report, only 30 genes could be found in Affymetrix U95 to U133 Plus2.0 array. Eighteen of 30 genes (18-Gene classifier) were used to distinguish low-risk and high-risk patients. Patients with 18-Gene score 31 or more were defined as high-risk and score less than 31 defined as low-risk group. We then examined the performance of the 18-Gene classifier in breast conserving patients (n=87) who usually had adjuvant radiotherapy (94%) and were treated in the same study periods.
Results
The overall accuracy of the prediction of LRR is 87% (sensitivity 91% and specificity 87%). By the 18-Gene classifier, the 5-year LRR rate in high-risk group was 42%, and in low-risk group <1% (p < 0.0001).
LRR and 18-gene score in non-PMRT patients18-Gene scoreNo LRR #LRR #5-year LR control probabilityScore <31971100%Score >= 31151157.7% 11212 LRR: Locoregional recurrence
Multivariate analysis of mastectomy patients revealed that 18-Gene score is the independent prognostic factor that predicts the likelihood of LRR regardless of nodal status and breast cancer subtype. The predictive ability of LRR by the 18-Gene classifier in BCS patients is independent from adjuvant radiotherapy, and is consistent with the performance in mastectomy patients.
Multivariate analysis in BCS patientsRisk factorPatient #LRR #LRR rateUnivariate analysisMultivariate analysisLVI Absent/focal7345.5% Prominent14321.4%4.3(1.0,19.3)5.1*(1.1,23.1)18-Gene score Low risk6623.0% High risk21523.8%9.4*(1.8,48.4)10.4*(2.0,54.2)Adjuvant R/T No5240%10.3*(2.0,53.9) Yes8256.1% LVI: lymphovascular invasion; R/T: radiotherapy; *p<0.05
Discussion
This 18-Gene classifier is capable of identifying high-risk patients of LRR after mastectomy and breast conserving surgery.
Citation Format: Cheng H-CS, Horng C-F, Huang T-T, Tsou M-H, Shih L-S, Yu B-L, Tsai Y-C, Chen C-M. Validation of gene expression profiling in prediction of locoregional recurrence for breast cancer patients after surgery. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Eighth Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2015 Dec 8-12; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P2-08-14.
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Affiliation(s)
- H-CS Cheng
- Koo Foundation Sun Yat-Sen Cancer Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - C-F Horng
- Koo Foundation Sun Yat-Sen Cancer Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - T-T Huang
- Koo Foundation Sun Yat-Sen Cancer Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - M-H Tsou
- Koo Foundation Sun Yat-Sen Cancer Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - L-S Shih
- Koo Foundation Sun Yat-Sen Cancer Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - B-L Yu
- Koo Foundation Sun Yat-Sen Cancer Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Y-C Tsai
- Koo Foundation Sun Yat-Sen Cancer Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - C-M Chen
- Koo Foundation Sun Yat-Sen Cancer Center, Taipei, Taiwan
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14
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Liu YW, Fu TY, Peng WS, Chen YH, Cao YM, Chen CC, Hung WL, Tsai YC. Evaluation of the potential anti-allergic effects of heat-inactivated Lactobacillus paracasei V0151 in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo. Benef Microbes 2015; 6:697-705. [PMID: 26192907 DOI: 10.3920/bm2014.0159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The efficacy of Lactobacillus paracasei V0151 (V0151), isolated from the faeces of a child, to modulate immune responses was investigated. In RAW 264.7 cells expressing an inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS)-directed luciferase gene, heat-inactivated V0151 stimulated iNOS expression followed by nitric oxide production. V0151 significantly elevated interferon gamma, interleukin (IL)-10, tumour necrosis factor alpha, and IL-1β production in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. In splenocytes isolated from ovalbumin (OVA)-sensitised BALB/c mice treated with OVA and V0151 at different bacterium-to-cell ratios (1:1, 10:1, and 20:1) for 96 h, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13 production was dose-dependently downregulated, whereas IL-12 was dose-dependently upregulated. Collectively, our findings indicate that V0151 might regulate pro-inflammatory factors in macrophages and splenocytes. Furthermore, the T helper 1/T helper 2 (Th1/Th2) balance was also skewed toward Th1 dominance through the elevation of Th1 cytokine production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y W Liu
- 1 Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang-Ming University, No. 155, Li-Nong St., Sec. 2, BeiTou Dist., Taipei 11221, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - T Y Fu
- 1 Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang-Ming University, No. 155, Li-Nong St., Sec. 2, BeiTou Dist., Taipei 11221, Taiwan, R.O.C.,2 Probiotics Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, No. 155, Li-Nong St., Section 2, BeiTou Dist., Taipei 11221, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - W S Peng
- 1 Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang-Ming University, No. 155, Li-Nong St., Sec. 2, BeiTou Dist., Taipei 11221, Taiwan, R.O.C.,2 Probiotics Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, No. 155, Li-Nong St., Section 2, BeiTou Dist., Taipei 11221, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Y H Chen
- 1 Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang-Ming University, No. 155, Li-Nong St., Sec. 2, BeiTou Dist., Taipei 11221, Taiwan, R.O.C.,2 Probiotics Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, No. 155, Li-Nong St., Section 2, BeiTou Dist., Taipei 11221, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Y M Cao
- 3 Want Want China Holdings Ltd., No.1088, East Hond Song Rd., Shanghai 201103, China P.R
| | - C C Chen
- 3 Want Want China Holdings Ltd., No.1088, East Hond Song Rd., Shanghai 201103, China P.R
| | - W L Hung
- 3 Want Want China Holdings Ltd., No.1088, East Hond Song Rd., Shanghai 201103, China P.R
| | - Y C Tsai
- 1 Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang-Ming University, No. 155, Li-Nong St., Sec. 2, BeiTou Dist., Taipei 11221, Taiwan, R.O.C.,2 Probiotics Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, No. 155, Li-Nong St., Section 2, BeiTou Dist., Taipei 11221, Taiwan, R.O.C
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15
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Porter AJ, Pillidge K, Tsai YC, Dudley JA, Hunt SP, Peirson SN, Brown LA, Stanford SC. A lack of functional NK1 receptors explains most, but not all, abnormal behaviours of NK1R-/- mice(1). Genes Brain Behav 2015; 14:189-99. [PMID: 25558794 PMCID: PMC4415486 DOI: 10.1111/gbb.12195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2014] [Revised: 12/04/2014] [Accepted: 12/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Mice lacking functional neurokinin-1 receptors (NK1R-/-) display abnormal behaviours seen in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (hyperactivity, impulsivity and inattentiveness). These abnormalities were evident when comparing the behaviour of separate (inbred: 'Hom') wildtype and NK1R-/- mouse strains. Here, we investigated whether the inbreeding protocol could influence their phenotype by comparing the behaviour of these mice with that of wildtype (NK1R+/+) and NK1R-/- progeny of heterozygous parents ('Het', derived from the same inbred strains). First, we recorded the spontaneous motor activity of the two colonies/genotypes, over 7 days. This continuous monitoring also enabled us to investigate whether the diurnal rhythm in motor activity differs in the two colonies/genotypes. NK1R-/- mice from both colonies were hyperactive compared with their wildtypes and their diurnal rhythm was also disrupted. Next, we evaluated the performance of the four groups of mice in the 5-Choice Serial Reaction-Time Task (5-CSRTT). During training, NK1R-/- mice from both colonies expressed more impulsive and perseverative behaviour than their wildtypes. During testing, only NK1R-/- mice from the Hom colony were more impulsive than their wildtypes, but NK1R-/- mice from both colonies were more perseverative. There were no colony differences in inattentiveness. Moreover, a genotype difference in this measure depended on time of day. We conclude that the hyperactivity, perseveration and, possibly, inattentiveness of NK1R-/- mice is a direct consequence of a lack of functional NK1R. However, the greater impulsivity of NK1R-/- mice depended on an interaction between a functional deficit of NK1R and other (possibly environmental and/or epigenetic) factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- A J Porter
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology
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16
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Siu MK, Tsai YC, Chang YS, Yin JJ, Suau F, Chen WY, Liu YN. Transforming growth factor-β promotes prostate bone metastasis through induction of microRNA-96 and activation of the mTOR pathway. Oncogene 2014; 34:4767-76. [PMID: 25531317 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2014.414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2014] [Revised: 10/21/2014] [Accepted: 11/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ) is enriched in the bone matrix and serves as a key factor in promoting bone metastasis in cancer. In addition, TGFβ signaling activates mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) functions, which is important for the malignant progression. Here, we demonstrate that TGFβ regulates the level of microRNA-96 (miR-96) through Smad-dependent transcription and that miR-96 promotes the bone metastasis in prostate cancer. The enhanced effects in cellular growth and invasiveness suggest that miR-96 functions as an oncomir/and metastamir. Supporting this idea, we identified a downstream target of the TGFβ-miR-96 signaling pathway to be AKT1S1 mRNA, whose translated protein is a negative regulator of mTOR kinase. Our findings provide a novel mechanism accounting for the TGFβ signaling and bone metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M K Siu
- Program for Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Anesthesiology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Y-C Tsai
- Program for Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Y-S Chang
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - J J Yin
- Cell and Cancer Biology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - F Suau
- Cell and Cancer Biology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - W-Y Chen
- Department of Pathology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Y-N Liu
- Program for Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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17
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Wu CC, Lin CT, Wu CY, Peng WS, Lee MJ, Tsai YC. Inhibitory effect of Lactobacillus salivarius on Streptococcus mutans biofilm formation. Mol Oral Microbiol 2014; 30:16-26. [PMID: 24961744 DOI: 10.1111/omi.12063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Dental caries arises from an imbalance of metabolic activities in dental biofilms developed primarily by Streptococcus mutans. This study was conducted to isolate potential oral probiotics with antagonistic activities against S. mutans biofilm formation from Lactobacillus salivarius, frequently found in human saliva. We analysed 64 L. salivarius strains and found that two, K35 and K43, significantly inhibited S. mutans biofilm formation with inhibitory activities more pronounced than those of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG), a prototypical probiotic that shows anti-caries activity. Scanning electron microscopy showed that co-culture of S. mutans with K35 or K43 resulted in significantly reduced amounts of attached bacteria and network-like structures, typically comprising exopolysaccharides. Spot assay for S. mutans indicated that K35 and K43 strains possessed a stronger bactericidal activity against S. mutans than LGG. Moreover, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction showed that the expression of genes encoding glucosyltransferases, gtfB, gtfC, and gtfD was reduced when S. mutans were co-cultured with K35 or K43. However, LGG activated the expression of gtfB and gtfC, but did not influence the expression of gtfD in the co-culture. A transwell-based biofilm assay indicated that these lactobacilli inhibited S. mutans biofilm formation in a contact-independent manner. In conclusion, we identified two L. salivarius strains with inhibitory activities on the growth and expression of S. mutans virulence genes to reduce its biofilm formation. This is not a general characteristic of the species, so presents a potential strategy for in vivo alteration of plaque biofilm and caries.
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Affiliation(s)
- C-C Wu
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
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18
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Abstract
The D-aminoacylase produced by Alcaligenes denitrificans DA181 was a new type of aminoacylase which had both high stereospecificity and specific activity. The molecular weight and isoelectric point of this enzyme were 58,000 and 4.4, respectively. The apparent Km and kcat values of this enzyme for N-acetyl-D-methionine were estimated to be 0.48 mM and 6.24 x 10(4) min-1, respectively. The optimum temperature was 45 degrees C. The enzyme was stable up to 55 degrees C for 1 hr in the presence of 0.2 mg/ml bovine serum albumin. The enzyme was stable in the pH range of 6.0 to 11.0 with an optimum pH of 7.5. This enzyme contained about 2.1 g atom of zinc per mole of enzyme. Enzyme activity was inhibited by incubation with EDTA. The inhibition by EDTA was fully reversed by Co2+ and partially by Zn2+.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y B Yang
- Institute of Biochemistry, National Yang-Ming Medical College, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
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19
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Yu AL, Tsai YC, Huang JR, Cheng JY, Lin JJ, Hung JT, Wu YY, Yeh KT. Abstract P5-01-14: Globo H ceramide is an ideal target of cancer immunotherapy: Its dual role as a cancer associated antigen, and as an immune checkpoint. Cancer Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs13-p5-01-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Globo H, a hexasaccharide linked to ceramide, is a glycolipid over-expressed on the surface of many common cancers. Although globo H has been identified as a potential target for cancer vaccine and clinical trials of globo H vaccine in breast cancer are ongoing, its role in cancers is unknown. Here we investigated the effects of globo H ceramide (GHCer) on immune functions and the underlying mechanisms involved.
Methods: The incorporation of globo H by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) was evaluated by co-culturing PBMCs with globo H expressing breast cancer cell line, MCF-7, and by immunohistochemical analysis of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes in breast cancer specimens. The effects of GHCer on T cells in response to anti-CD3/CD28 activation were assessed by pre-incubation of mouse splenocytes or purified CD4+ T cells or PBMSs with synthetic GHCer. The impacts of GHCer on the mouse CD19+ B cell upon activation with LPS or LPS+IL-4+CD40L were also examined. The effects of GHcer on the protein and gene expression level were determined by flow cytometry and real-time quantitative PCR, respectively.
Results: PBMCs co-cultured with MCF-7were found to express GHCer as detected by flow cytometry. Importantly, among 98 breast cancer specimens examined, globo H was detected on tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in 61% of 61 globo H positive breast cancers. Addition of GHCer to human PBMCs, mouse splenocytes or purified CD4+ T cells inhibited their proliferative response to anti-CD3/CD28 to 60±1%, 50±7% and 62±5% of control, respectively, and significantly reduced the secretion of IL-2, IFN-g and IL-4. GHCer also suppressed the proliferation of splenocytes or purified CD19+ B cells to 45±10% and 26±3% of control in response to LPS or LPS + IL4 +CD40 ligand and reduced their IgM and IgG production, along with negligible induction of plasma cells. Ceramide displayed no such inhibitory effects. On the other hand, GHCer failed to raise regulatory T cells, or their expression of FOXP3/CTLA4, nor did it increase apoptosis. Notably, GHCer significantly suppressed the Notch1 signaling during activation of human PBMC and murine T and B cells. Furthermore, GHCer upregulated the expression of ID3 and itch by 2.1±0.2 and 4.7±0.4 fold, respectively, leading to ID3-dependent downregulation of Notch1 transcription and itch-mediated Notch1 degradation. The latter was associated with increased expression of egr2 and egr3, preceding itch upregulation.
Conclusions: Our study uncovered a new aspect of immunosuppressive effects of GHCer which facilitates the escape of cancer from immune surveillance. We also elucidated its molecular processes involving impaired Notch1 signaling through transcriptional repression by ID3, and protein degradation via egr2/3 controlled itch expression. Together with our previous report of the expression of globo H in breast cancer stem cells, these data indicate that GHCer is not merely a cancer-associated antigen, but also acts as an immune checkpoint. Such dual role of GHCer provides further impetus for the development of globo H-targeted cancer immunotherapy and strengthened the rationales for our ongoing phase II/III clinical trial of globo H vaccine in breast cancer.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2013;73(24 Suppl): Abstract nr P5-01-14.
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Affiliation(s)
- AL Yu
- Center of Stem Cell & Translational Cancer Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan; University of California, San Diego, CA; Taipei City Hospital, Taipei; Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Y-C Tsai
- Center of Stem Cell & Translational Cancer Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan; University of California, San Diego, CA; Taipei City Hospital, Taipei; Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Ji-R Huang
- Center of Stem Cell & Translational Cancer Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan; University of California, San Diego, CA; Taipei City Hospital, Taipei; Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - J-Y Cheng
- Center of Stem Cell & Translational Cancer Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan; University of California, San Diego, CA; Taipei City Hospital, Taipei; Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - J-J Lin
- Center of Stem Cell & Translational Cancer Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan; University of California, San Diego, CA; Taipei City Hospital, Taipei; Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - J-T Hung
- Center of Stem Cell & Translational Cancer Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan; University of California, San Diego, CA; Taipei City Hospital, Taipei; Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Y-Y Wu
- Center of Stem Cell & Translational Cancer Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan; University of California, San Diego, CA; Taipei City Hospital, Taipei; Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - K-T Yeh
- Center of Stem Cell & Translational Cancer Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan; University of California, San Diego, CA; Taipei City Hospital, Taipei; Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
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20
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Abstract
Optical trap assisted nanopatterning is a laser direct-write technique that uses an optically trapped microsphere as a near-field objective. The type of feature that one can create with this technique depends on several factors, one of which is the shape of the microbead. In this paper, we examine how the geometry of the bead affects the focus of the light through a combination of experiments and simulations. We realize nanopatterning using non-spherical dielectric particles to shape the light-material interaction. We model the resulting nanoscale features with a finite difference time domain simulation and obtain very good agreement with the experiments. This work opens the way to systematic engineering of the microparticle geometry in order to tailor the near-field focus to specific nanopatterning applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y-C Tsai
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, and Princeton Institute for the Science and Technology of Materials, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
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21
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Tsai YC, Hsiao WH, Yang HB, Cheng HC, Chang WL, Lu CC, Sheu BS. The corpus-predominant gastritis index may serve as an early marker of Helicobacter pylori-infected patients at risk of gastric cancer. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2013; 37:969-78. [PMID: 23550594 DOI: 10.1111/apt.12291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2013] [Revised: 01/23/2013] [Accepted: 03/07/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To eradicate Helicobacter pylori before the occurrence of precancerous changes is important to prevent gastric carcinogenesis. AIM To validate whether the corpus-predominant gastritis index (CGI) can serve as an early marker to identify the H. pylori-infected patients at risk of gastric carcinogenesis. METHODS This study enrolled 188 subjects, including 43 noncardiac gastric cancer patients, 63 of their first-degree relatives and 82 sex- and age-matched duodenal ulcer patients as controls. All received endoscopy to provide topographic gastric specimens to test for H. pylori infection and its related histological features, translated into the operative link on gastritis assessment (OLGA), operative link on gastric intestinal metaplasia assessment (OLGIM) stages, and the presence of CGI. Spasmolytic polypeptide-expressing metaplasia (SPEM) was assessed by immunohistochemistry staining of trefoil factor 2. RESULTS Gastric cancer patients had higher prevalence of CGI and OLGIM stage II-IV, but not OLGA stage II-IV, than the controls (P = 0.001, OR = 3.4[95% CI: 1.4-8.1] for CGI; OR = 5.0[95% CI: 2.0-12.8] for OLGIM). In patients with the combined presence of CGI and OLGIM stage II-IV, the risk of gastric cancer increased to 9.8 (P < 0.001). The first-degree relatives of the gastric cancer patients had a higher rate of the presence of CGI, but not OLGA or OLGIM stage II-IV than the duodenal ulcer controls (P = 0.001). Of the first-degree relatives, the presence of CGI increased the risk of SPEM (P = 0.003, OR = 5.5[95% CI: 1.8-17.0]). CONCLUSION The corpus-predominant gastritis index, which is highly correlated to SPEM, may serve as an early marker to identify the H. pylori-infected patients at a higher risk of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y-C Tsai
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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22
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Tsai YC, Chen JF. First Report of Didymella bryoniae Causing Gummy Stem Blight of Chayote in Taiwan. Plant Dis 2012; 96:1578. [PMID: 30727323 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-02-12-0185-pdn] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Chayote (Sechium edule (Jacq.) Swartz, Cucurbitaceae), originally native to Mexico, is an important vegetable known as "dragon-whisker vegetable" and is cultivated for its shoots in Ji-an, Hualien County in eastern Taiwan. In June 2010, 70 to 80% of the chayote plants grown in Ji-an developed necrotic spots on stems, leaves, and fruits. The disease was severe during the warm and rainy season from June to August. The symptoms on stems, leaves, and fruits were water-soaked lesions that eventually dried up, cracked, and produced perithecia on necrotic tissues. A single ascospore was isolated from perithecia harvested from diseased stems and cultured on potato dextrose agar (PDA) at 25°C for 1 month. Colonies of three isolates (SE5, SE6, and SE7) were white to olivaceous green bearing unicellular conidia measuring 2 to 5 × 3 to 10 μm, which is consistent with the morphological characteristics of Didymella bryoniae (Auersw.) Rehm (anamorph Phoma cucurbitacearum (Fr.:Fr.) Sacc.) (1,2,3). DNA of SE5, SE6, and SE7 isolates were obtained using microwave-based method (4). The internal transcribed spacer (ITS) rDNA (GenBank accessions AB714984, AB714985, and AB714986), PCR-amplified using primers ITS1 and ITS4, had 98 to 99% nucleotide sequence identity with D. bryoniae (GenBank Accession Nos. GU045304 and GU592001). A pathogenicity test was conducted in a greenhouse with temperature ranging from 20 to 30°C. Three-day-old mycelial plugs (5 × 5 mm) of the three isolates were placed on the needle-pricked wounds of stems and leaves of 36 4-month-old potted chayote plants wrapped in plastic bags to maintain 100% relative humidity for 2 days. Six days after inoculation, water-soaked lesions formed on the stems and leaves. Controls inoculated with sterile water had no symptoms. The fungus reisolated from the lesions of diseased stems and leaves had morphological characteristics of D. bryoniae. Based on the results of morphology, molecular data, and pathogenicity tests, we reported for the first time to our knowledge that gummy stem blight of chayote is caused by D. bryoniae in Taiwan. References: (1) J. W. Huang and W. R. Hsieh. Plant Prot. Bull. 27:325, 1985. (2) A. P. Keinath et al. Phytopathology 85:364, 1995. (3) E. Punithalingam and P. Holliday. P. 332 in: Descriptions of Pathogenic Fungi and Bacteria. CMI, Kew, Surrey, UK, 1972. (4) S. R. Tendulkar et al. Biotechnol. Lett. 22:1941, 2003.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y C Tsai
- Hualien District Agricultural Research and Extension Station, Crop Environment Section, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - J F Chen
- Hualien District Agricultural Research and Extension Station, Crop Environment Section, Taiwan, R.O.C
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23
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Abstract
There exist many optical lithography techniques for generating nanostructures on hard, flat surfaces over large areas. However, few techniques are able to create such patterns on soft materials or surfaces with pre-existing structure. To address this need, we demonstrate the use of parallel optical trap assisted nanopatterning (OTAN) to provide an efficient and robust direct-write method of producing nanoscale features without the need for focal plane adjustment. Parallel patterning on model surfaces of polyimide with vertical steps greater than 1.5 µm shows a feature size uncertainty better than 4% across the step and lateral positional accuracy of 25 nm. A Brownian motion model is used to describe the positional accuracy enabling one to predict how variation in system parameters will affect the nanopatterning results. These combined results suggest that OTAN is a viable technique for massively parallel direct-write nanolithography on non-traditional surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y C Tsai
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Princeton Institute for Science and Technology of Materials, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
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24
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Tsai YC, Lin CL, Chen BH. Preparative chromatography of flavonoids and saponins in Gynostemma pentaphyllum and their antiproliferation effect on hepatoma cell. Phytomedicine 2010; 18:2-10. [PMID: 21036575 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2010.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2010] [Revised: 08/16/2010] [Accepted: 09/17/2010] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
A preparative column chromatographic method was developed to isolate flavonoids and saponins from Gynostemma pentaphyllum, a Chinese Medicinal herb, and evaluate their antiproliferation effect on hepatoma cell Hep3B, with the standards rutin and ginsenoside Rb(3) being used for comparison. Initially the powdered G. pentaphyllum was extracted with ethanol, followed by eluting flavonoids and saponins with ethanol-water (30:70, v/v) and 100% ethanol, respectively, in an open-column containing 5 g of Cosmosil 75C(18)-OPN, and then subjected to HPLC-MS analysis. The flavonoid fraction was mainly composed of quercetin- and kaempferol-glycosides, while in saponin fraction, both ginsenoside Rb(3) and ginsenoside Rd dominated. Both fractions were more effective against Hep3B cells than the standards rutin and ginsenoside Rb(3), with the cell cycle being arrested at G0/G1 phase for all the treatments. Additionally, the inhibition effect followed a dose-dependent increase for all the sample treatments. The result of this study may be used as a basis for possible phytopreparations in the future with G. pentaphyllum as raw material.
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MESH Headings
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/analysis
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/pharmacology
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/therapeutic use
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/pathology
- Cell Cycle/drug effects
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Drugs, Chinese Herbal/chemistry
- Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacology
- Drugs, Chinese Herbal/therapeutic use
- Flavonoids/analysis
- Flavonoids/pharmacology
- Flavonoids/therapeutic use
- Gynostemma/chemistry
- Humans
- Liver Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Liver Neoplasms/pathology
- Phytotherapy
- Plant Leaves
- Reference Values
- Saponins/analysis
- Saponins/pharmacology
- Saponins/therapeutic use
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Affiliation(s)
- Y C Tsai
- Department of Food Science, Fu Jen University, Taipei, Taiwan
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25
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Tsai YC, Soehn AS, Metzger S, Nguyen HP. C10 Duo as a potential genetic modifier of Huntington's disease. J Neurol Psychiatry 2010. [DOI: 10.1136/jnnp.2010.222588.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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26
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Deng WL, Huang TC, Tsai YC. First Report of Acidovorax avenae subsp. citrulli as the Causal Agent of Bacterial Leaf Blight of Betelvine in Taiwan. Plant Dis 2010; 94:1065. [PMID: 30743454 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-94-8-1065a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In November 2008, betelvines (Piper betle L., Piperaceae) exhibiting leaf blight symptoms were observed in central Taiwan. Infections resulted in a 30 to 70% loss of leaf yield in the investigated betel leaf-producing facilities. Symptoms began with small, necrotic, water-soaked spots that progressed to circular to irregularly shaped brown lesions, 5 to 10 mm in diameter, with chlorotic halos on leaves; some lesions started from the edge of leaves and later fused to form dried, necrotic margins. Bacteria-like streaming fluid was visible from the edges of freshly cut lesions at the junctions of chlorotic and necrotic leaf tissues when observed with a light microscope at ×100. When the streaming fluid was streaked onto King's medium B (3), a slow-growing, gram-negative, nonfluorescent bacterium was identified from the whitish colonies that consistently developed on the medium. Five bacterial isolates from three lesions were characterized with fatty acid methyl ester analysis (Agilent Technologies, Santa Clara, CA) and Sherlock Microbial Identification System (Microbial IDentification Inc., Newark, DE), and for each isolate, the bacterium was confirmed as Acidovorax avenae subsp. citrulli with a similarity index >0.70. In addition, the Biolog system (Biolog, Hayward, CA) and 16S ribosomal RNA sequence identity comparison were performed to confirm that the five betelvine-isolated bacteria were A. avenae subsp. citrulli based on a similarity of 0.54 with Biolog and 99% sequence identity for 16S rRNA gene. Koch's postulates were fulfilled by infiltrating a bacterial suspension of 3 × 105 CFU/ml into 40 leaves of four greenhouse-grown, disease-free, mature betelvine plants. After inoculation, plants were kept in a humidified greenhouse at 28°C to favor symptom development and symptoms similar to those observed in the greenhouse were evident at 7 days post inoculation (dpi) on all bacterium-infiltrated leaves. Control leaves infiltrated with distilled water remained symptomless. Bacteria showing morphological and biochemical similarities (2) to the ones used for inoculation were isolated from all of the inoculated betelvine leaves. In addition, a bacterial suspension at 3 × 108 CFU/ml was sprayed at the amount of 5 ml per plant onto 6 to 10 plants each of 4-week-old disease-free seedlings of watermelon (Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum & Nakai, cv. Empire No. 2), oriental sweet melon (Cucumis melo L. var. saccharinus Naudin, cv. Silver Beam), and waxgourd (Benincasa hispida (Thunb.) Cogn., cv. Cheerer) for bioassays, and the inoculated seedlings were enclosed in plastic bags for 36 h at 28°C. Water-soaked lesions were observed on leaves of watermelon and waxgourd at 2 dpi and on sweet melon at 4 dpi on all inoculated plants but not on distilled water-sprayed control plants, indicating that A. avenae subsp. citrulli strains from betelvine could also infect melon plants. A. avenae subsp. citrulli was previously identified as the causal agent of bacterial fruit blotch on melon and bitter gourd in Taiwan (1). To our knowledge, this is the first report that A. avenae subsp. citrulli can naturally infect betelvine, a noncucurbit crop, to elicit bacterial leaf blight disease. References: (1) A.-H. Cheng and T.-C. Huang. Plant Pathol. Bull. 7:216, 1998. (2) J. B. Jones et al. Page 121 in: Laboratory Guide for Identification of Plant Pathogenic Bacteria. 3rd ed. The American Phytopathological Society, St. Paul, MN, 2001. (3) E. O. King et al. J. Lab. Clin. Med. 44:301, 1954.
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Affiliation(s)
- W-L Deng
- Department of Plant Pathology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - T-C Huang
- Department of Plant Pathology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Y-C Tsai
- Department of Plant Pathology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
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Cheng J, Wu JK, Tsai CL, Chao HL, Tsai YC. Poster - Wed Eve-41: VMAT for Prostate Cancer: Superior Organ Sparing to IMRT and Delivery Efficiency to Helical Tomotherapy. Med Phys 2009. [DOI: 10.1118/1.3244145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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28
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Tsai YC, Yao TC, Kuo ML, Cheng TT, Huang JL. Lack of association of mannose-binding lectin gene polymorphisms with development and clinical manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus in Chinese children. Lupus 2009; 18:372-6. [DOI: 10.1177/0961203308099326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Mannose-binding lectin (MBL) gene polymorphisms may be associated with adult-onset systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), but studies in children with SLE are rare. This study tested the genetic association between MBL polymorphisms and paediatric-onset SLE in a cohort of Chinese children in Taiwan. In all 150 children with SLE and 100 healthy controls of comparable age were genotyped for codon 52, 54 and 57 mutations of the MBL gene using a polymerase chain reaction–based assay. Clinical manifestations, organ involvement, disease activity, laboratory characteristics and outcome were recorded and compared between patients with different MBL genotypes. Codon 54 mutation was fairly common in both SLE patients and controls, whereas codon 52 and codon 57 mutations were not detected in our study subjects. No statistically significant differences were found in allele frequencies of the codon 54 mutation between SLE and control groups. Moreover, no association was found between this MBL polymorphism and clinical manifestations, organ involvement, disease activity, laboratory characteristics or outcome of SLE. These results suggest that MBL polymorphisms do not influence susceptibility to paediatric-onset SLE and do not influence clinical manifestations of SLE in Chinese children.
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Affiliation(s)
- YC Tsai
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Chia-Yi, Chia-Yi, Taiwan and Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - TC Yao
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - ML Kuo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - TT Cheng
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology Chang Gung Memorial Hospital–Kaohsiung Medical Center and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - JL Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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Kim D, Monie A, Tsai YC, He L, Wang MC, Hung CF, Wu TC. Enhancement of CD4+ T-cell help reverses the doxorubicin-induced suppression of antigen-specific immune responses in vaccinated mice. Gene Ther 2008; 15:1176-83. [PMID: 18463686 DOI: 10.1038/gt.2008.79] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Multimodality treatments that combine conventional cancer therapies with antigen-specific immunotherapy have emerged as promising approaches for the control of cancer. In the current study, we have explored the effect of doxorubicin on the antigen-specific immune responses generated in mice vaccinated with calreticulin (CRT)/E6 and/or Ii-PADRE DNA. We observed that pretreatment with doxorubicin suppressed the E6-specific CD8+ T-cell immune responses generated by CRT/E6 DNA vaccination in vaccinated mice. In contrast, pretreatment with doxorubicin enhanced the PADRE-specific CD4+ T-cell immune responses generated by Ii-PADRE DNA vaccination. Furthermore, coadministration of Ii-PADRE DNA could not only reverse the suppression, but also enhanced the E6-specific CD8+ T-cell responses in CRT/E6-vaccinated mice pretreated with doxorubicin. Finally, treatment with doxorubicin followed by CRT/E6 combined with Ii-PADRE DNA vaccination led to enhanced antitumor effects and prolonged survival in TC-1 tumor-bearing mice. The clinical implications of the current study are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Kim
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Su BH, Lin HC, Chiu HY, Hsieh HY, Chen HH, Tsai YC. Comparison of ibuprofen and indometacin for early-targeted treatment of patent ductus arteriosus in extremely premature infants: a randomised controlled trial. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed 2008; 93:F94-9. [PMID: 17768157 DOI: 10.1136/adc.2007.120584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To date there is no firm conclusion as to the efficacy and safety of ibuprofen compared with indometacin for patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) closure in extremely premature infants. OBJECTIVE To conduct a randomised controlled trial to better address this problem. METHODS 119 infants (gestational age < or =28 weeks) with respiratory distress syndrome and PDA confirmed by echocardiography were randomly assigned to receive either indometacin (0.2 mg/kg) or ibuprofen (10 mg/kg), starting at <24 hours of life, followed by half these first doses within 48 hours at 24-hour intervals if indicated by echocardiographic PDA flow pattern. RESULTS The PDA closure rate and the doses of drug (mean (SD)) were similar in both groups: 53/60 (88.3%) and 1.9 (1.5) mg/kg in infants given ibuprofen, and 52/59 (88.1%) and 1.9 (1.7) mg/kg in infants given indometacin. No significant difference was found in the numbers of infants requiring surgical ligation, and the levels of post-treatment serum creatinine and urea nitrogen between the two groups. Although not significantly different, more infants (9/59 (15.3%)) treated with indometacin tended to develop oliguria (<1 ml/kg/h) than those treated with ibuprofen (4/60 (6.7%)). There were no significant differences in side effects or complications between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS Ibuprofen is as effective as indometacin for the early-targeted PDA treatment in extremely premature infants, without increasing the incidence of complications. When the echocardiographic PDA flow pattern was used as a guide for PDA treatment, fewer doses of drugs were needed to achieve acceptable closing rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- B-H Su
- Department of Paediatrics, China Medical University Hospital, Taiwan, 2 Yuh Der Rd, Taichung 404, Taiwan.
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31
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Lin CH, Yu JC, Chen TW, Chuang CH, Tsai YC, Chen SY, Hsieh CB. The experience of biliary tract complications after liver transplantation. Transplant Proc 2008; 39:3251-6. [PMID: 18089365 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2007.06.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2006] [Revised: 03/28/2007] [Accepted: 06/21/2007] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
AIM To report the morbidity and mortality of patients who undergo liver transplantation with or without T-tube implantation after choledochocholedochostomy as well as to discuss management of biliary complications. PATIENTS AND METHODS We performed a retrospective review of 104 liver transplantations from August 2001 to February 2006, including 51 patients who underwent choledochocholedochostomy with a T-tube (group A) and 53, without a T-tube (group B). We compared the clinical characteristics, operative methods, biliary complications, morbidity, mortality, and management of complications. RESULTS Between the two groups, there were no significant differences in clinical characteristics, including sex, age, and indication for liver transplantation (hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, alcoholic liver cirrhosis, or hepatocellular carcinoma), Child-Pugh classification, Model for End-stage Liver Disease score, and operative macroscopic/microscopic findings. Additionally, there was no significant difference in biliary complications. Among these 104 patients, 14 (13.5%) developed biliary complications: seven anastomotic strictures, two intrahepatic duct strictures, two anastomotic stricture combined intrahepatic duct stricture, one bile leakage, one bile leakage combined with anastomotic stricture, and one external biliary compression. Nine patients with anastomotic stricture underwent endoscopy with a stent, which was successful only in two patients. The other six patients underwent choledochojejunostomy with excellent results. CONCLUSIONS This study showed choledochocholedochostomy with or without a T-tube after liver transplantation did not influence the biliary complications. The biliary complications of anastomotic stricture after liver transplantation can be managed by endoscopy with a stent. If endoscopy fails, surgical intervention should be considered immediately.
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Affiliation(s)
- C-H Lin
- Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Tsai YC, Jeng CR, Zhuo YX, Tsai YC, Liu CH, Pang VF. Amyloid-producing odontogenic tumor and its immunohistochemical characterization in a Shih Tzu dog. Vet Pathol 2007; 44:233-6. [PMID: 17317805 DOI: 10.1354/vp.44-2-233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
A 10-year-old, male, Shih-Tzu dog presented with swelling of the right lower jaw caused by a mass arising from the right mandibular gingiva. Radiographic examination revealed bone lysis of the right wing of the mandible. Histopathologically, the growth was characterized by indistinctly lobulated nests, islands, and strands of proliferating odontogenic and squamous epithelial cells, intermingled in close association with large numbers of irregular extracellular deposits of amyloid and amorphous calcified substance. Immunohistochemically, both epithelial components stained strongly positive for cytokeratin (AE1/AE3); the squamous epithelial cells also reacted strongly with neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and S-100 protein, whereas the odontogenic epithelial cells displayed weak immunoreactivity to NSE and partial reactivity to S-100 protein. The amyloid deposits were AE1/AE3-negative. The growth was diagnosed as an amyloid-producing odontogenic tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y-C Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Veterinary Medicine, College of Bio-Resources and Agriculture, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Hung CF, Tsai YC, He L, Wu TC. Control of mesothelin-expressing ovarian cancer using adoptive transfer of mesothelin peptide-specific CD8+ T cells. Gene Ther 2007; 14:921-9. [PMID: 17377599 PMCID: PMC3183576 DOI: 10.1038/sj.gt.3302913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy targeting mesothelin represents a potentially plausible approach for the control of ovarian cancer as most ovarian cancers express high levels of mesothelin. In the current study, we created a mesothelin-positive luciferase-expressing ovarian cancer model, MOSEC/luc. This luciferase-expressing tumor model allowed us to quantitate tumor distribution and tumor load in tumor-challenged mice using a non-invasive bioluminescence imaging system. In addition, we identified an H-2D(b)-restricted mesothelin peptide-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) epitope (amino acid (aa) 406-414) that was endogenously processed and presented by MOSEC/luc tumor cells. We showed that adoptive transfer of mesothelin peptide (aa406-414)-specific CD8(+) T cells led to the control of MOSEC/luc tumor cells. The MOSEC/luc tumor model and the newly identified H-2D(b)-restricted murine mesothelin-specific CTL epitope (aa406-414) will be very useful for the development of immunotherapy for ovarian cancer as well as for the development of quantitative CD8(+) T cell-mediated immunological assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- C-F Hung
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine whether scheduled forced wheel activity counteracts the increased body weight gain in rats undergoing chronic circadian desynchronization induced by repeated 12-h shifts in the light-dark cycle. DESIGN Four age- and body weight-matched groups of adult male F344 rats were subjected to 12-h intermittent forced wheel activity daily (2.2 km/day). Each group had the following schedule for 13 weeks: a fixed schedule of a daily 12:12-h light-dark cycle and activity training (WF); a fixed light-dark cycle and 12-h shifts twice a week in activity training (WS); 12-h shifts twice a week in the light-dark cycle and a fixed schedule of activity training (LSWF); and 12-h shifts twice a week in both the light-dark cycle and activity training (LSWS). Two additional age- and body weight-matched sedentary rat groups were selected from our database: one was maintained on a fixed light-dark cycle (LC) and the other was subjected to 12-h shifts twice a week in the light-dark cycle (LS). RESULTS The four rat groups that were exercised showed different response patterns of the daily body temperature rhythm to different combinations of forced activity and lighting schedules. Their food intake was more than that of the two sedentary rat groups, but their body weight was comparable with that of the LC rats and less than that of the LS rats during the forced activity period. The LSWS rats were heavier than the WF and WS rats in the first and second months of the experimental treatment, but their body weight was comparable with that of the WS and WF rats in the third month. CONCLUSION Forced activity was effective in reducing the body weight gain in chronic circadian desynchronization that was induced by repeated shifts in the light-dark cycle, although such an effect might become significant only after some time.
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Affiliation(s)
- L-L Tsai
- Department of Psychology, National Chung-Cheng University, Chia-yi, Taiwan, ROC
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Brauweiler A, Lorick KL, Lee JP, Tsai YC, Chan D, Weissman AM, Drabkin HA, Gemmill RM. RING-dependent tumor suppression and G2/M arrest induced by the TRC8 hereditary kidney cancer gene. Oncogene 2006; 26:2263-71. [PMID: 17016439 DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1210017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
TRC8/RNF139 and von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) both encode E3 ubiquitin (Ub) ligases mutated in clear-cell renal carcinomas (ccRCC). VHL, inactivated in nearly 70% of ccRCCs, is a tumor suppressor encoding the targeting subunit for a Ub ligase complex that downregulates hypoxia-inducible factor-alpha. TRC8/RNF139 is a putative tumor suppressor containing a sterol-sensing domain and a RING-H2 motif essential for Ub ligase activity. Here we report that human kidney cells are growth inhibited by TRC8. Inhibition is manifested by G2/M arrest, decreased DNA synthesis and increased apoptosis and is dependent upon the Ub ligase activity of the RING domain. Tumor formation in a nude mouse model is inhibited by TRC8 in a RING-dependent manner. Expression of TRC8 represses genes involved in cholesterol and fatty acid biosynthesis that are transcriptionally regulated by the sterol response element binding proteins (SREBPs). Expression of activated SREBP-1a partially restores the growth of TRC8-inhibited cells. These data suggest that TRC8 modulation of SREBP activity comprises a novel regulatory link between growth control and the cholesterol/lipid homeostasis pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Brauweiler
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado at Denver and Health Sciences Center, Aurora, CO 80045-0511, USA
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Hung CF, Tsai YC, He L, Coukos G, Fodor I, Qin L, Levitsky H, Wu TC. Vaccinia virus preferentially infects and controls human and murine ovarian tumors in mice. Gene Ther 2006; 14:20-9. [PMID: 16915291 DOI: 10.1038/sj.gt.3302840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Vaccinia virus has been shown to efficiently infect tumor cells. Therefore, vaccinia virus represents a potentially safe and effective antitumor agent against ovarian cancer. Here, we assessed the ability of vaccinia virus to preferentially infect and control both human and murine ovarian tumors in vivo. We used the non-invasive luminescence imaging system to monitor the infection and suppression of ovarian tumors by vaccinia in live mice. Our data indicated that vaccinia was able to effectively infect and kill both human and murine ovarian tumors. Vaccinia virus administered to mice intraperitoneally was specifically targeted to the murine or human ovarian tumors and led to antitumor responses. These findings suggest that vaccinia virus is capable of selectively targeting and controlling ovarian tumors. Thus, intraperitoneal injection with vaccinia virus may provide a potentially effective strategy for treating advanced-stage ovarian cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- C-F Hung
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA.
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Peng S, Trimble C, He L, Tsai YC, Lin CT, Boyd DAK, Pardoll D, Hung CF, Wu TC. Characterization of HLA-A2-restricted HPV-16 E7-specific CD8(+) T-cell immune responses induced by DNA vaccines in HLA-A2 transgenic mice. Gene Ther 2006; 13:67-77. [PMID: 16107858 PMCID: PMC3181153 DOI: 10.1038/sj.gt.3302607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
We have recently demonstrated that linkage of DNA-encoding calreticulin to DNA-encoding human papillomavirus-16 E7 antigen strongly enhances the efficacy of DNA vaccines against E7-expressing tumors in animal models. In this study, as a prelude to clinical translation, we characterized the ability of DNA-encoding calreticulin linked to DNA-encoding E7 antigen to generate HLA-A2-restricted E7-specific CD8(+) T-cell responses in HLA-A2 (AAD) transgenic mice, as well as antitumor effects against an E7(+) HLA-A2(+) tumor cell line, TC-1/A2. Our results show that while vaccination with CRT/E7 DNA generates strong H-2D(b)-restricted E7 (amino acid (aa)49-57)-specific CD8(+) T-cell immune responses in both C57BL/6 and HLA-A2 (AAD) transgenic mice, no such responses were generated to HLA-A2-restricted epitopes in either type of mouse. In contrast, vaccination with DNA-encoding calreticulin linked to DNA encoding a mutant version of E7 with a deleted aa49-57 epitope leads to the generation of an HLA-A2-restricted E7 (aa11-20)-specific CTL response in HLA-A2 (AAD) transgenic mice. More importantly, vaccination with CRT/mtE7 (del aa49-57) DNA protects against a lethal challenge with TC-1/A2 tumor cells in HLA-A2 (AAD) transgenic mice. Furthermore, our in vitro studies demonstrate that the presence of the E7 (aa49-57) epitope does not suppress presentation of the HLA-A2-restricted E7 (aa11-20) epitope through MHC class I molecules. Thus, the predominant E7 aa49-57-specific CD8+ T-cell immune response in HLA-A2 transgenic mice vaccinated with CRT/E7 is likely due to preferred expansion of E7 aa49-57-specific CD8(+) T cells in vaccinated mice. These results highlight the importance of epitope immunodominance in the evaluation of immune responses in HLA-A2 (AAD) transgenic mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Peng
- Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - C Trimble
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - L He
- Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Y-C Tsai
- Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - C-T Lin
- Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Obs/Gyn, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - DAK Boyd
- Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - D Pardoll
- Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Oncology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - C-F Hung
- Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - T-C Wu
- Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Oncology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Chen SH, Chang FM, Tsai YC, Huang KF, Lin CL, Lin MT. Infusion of human umbilical cord blood cells protect against cerebral ischemia and damage during heatstroke in the rat. Exp Neurol 2006; 199:67-76. [PMID: 16405889 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2005.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2005] [Revised: 10/21/2005] [Accepted: 11/18/2005] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Intravenously delivered human umbilical cord blood cells (HUCBC) have been previously shown to improve both morphologic and functional recovery of heat-stroked rats. To extend these findings, we examined both the morphologic and functional alterations in the presence of HUCBC or human peripheral mononuclear cells (PBMC) 24 h before initiation of heatstroke. Anesthetized rats, 1 day before the initiation of heatstroke, were divided into three major groups and given the following: (a) serum-free lymphocyte medium (0.3 ml) intravenously; (b) PBMC (5 x 10(6) in 0.3 ml serum-free lymphocyte medium); or (c) HUCBC (5 x 10(6) in 0.3 ml serum-free lymphocyte medium). Another group of rats were exposed to room temperature (26 degrees C) and used as normothermic controls. In vehicle-treated heatstroke rats, their mean arterial pressure, cerebral blood flow, and brain PO(2) were all lower than in normothermic controls after the onset of heatstroke. However, their body temperatures and striatal levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS)-dependent NO, ischemia and damage markers (e.g., glycerol, glutamate, and lactate/pyruvate ratio), and neuronal damage in the striatum were all greater. The heatstroke-induced arterial hypotension, cerebral ischemia and hypoxia, and increased levels of iNOS-dependent NO in the striatum were all significantly reduced by pretreatment with HUCBC, but not with PBMC. Moreover, HUCBC were localized by immunohistochemistry and PCR analysis in the injured brain structures and spleen. These findings indicate that HUCBC transplantation, in addition to having therapeutic values, can be a good choice for preventing heatstroke occurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Chen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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Huang CH, Peng S, He L, Tsai YC, Boyd DAK, Hansen TH, Wu TC, Hung CF. Cancer immunotherapy using a DNA vaccine encoding a single-chain trimer of MHC class I linked to an HPV-16 E6 immunodominant CTL epitope. Gene Ther 2006; 12:1180-6. [PMID: 15800656 PMCID: PMC3179388 DOI: 10.1038/sj.gt.3302519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The potency of DNA vaccines may be affected by the efficiency of intracellular processing and MHC class I presentation of encoded antigens. Since a single-chain trimer (SCT) composed of peptide, beta2-microglobulin (beta2m), and MHC class I heavy chain has been shown to bypass antigen processing and lead to stable presentation of peptides, we investigated the efficacy of a DNA vaccine encoding a SCT composed of an immunodominant CTL epitope of human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV-16) E6 antigen, beta2m, and H-2Kb MHC class I heavy chain (pIRES-E6-beta2m-Kb). Transfection of 293 cells with pIRES-E6-beta2m-Kb can bypass antigen processing and lead to stable presentation of E6 peptide. Furthermore, C57BL/6 mice vaccinated with pIRES-E6-beta2m-Kb exhibited significantly increased E6 peptide-specific CD8+ T-cell immune responses compared to mice vaccinated with DNA encoding wild-type E6. Most importantly, 100% of mice vaccinated with pIRES-E6-beta2m-Kb DNA were protected against a lethal challenge of E6-expressing TC-1 tumor cells. In contrast, all mice vaccinated with wild-type E6 DNA or control plasmid DNA grew tumors. Our data indicate that a DNA vaccine encoding a SCT can lead to stable enhanced MHC class I presentation of encoded antigenic peptide and may be useful for improving DNA vaccine potency to control tumors or infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- C-H Huang
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
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Chen SH, Sung YH, Chang PJ, Liu YC, Tsai YC. The management of labour using continuous lumbar epidural analgesia with 0.2% ropivacaine in a parturient with traumatic brain injury. Eur J Anaesthesiol 2005; 22:634-6. [PMID: 16119602 DOI: 10.1017/s0265021505211067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Li C, Teng RH, Tsai YC, Ke HS, Huang JY, Chen CC, Kao YL, Kuo CC, Bell WR, Shieh B. H-Ras oncogene counteracts the growth-inhibitory effect of genistein in T24 bladder carcinoma cells. Br J Cancer 2005; 92:80-8. [PMID: 15611796 PMCID: PMC3215993 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6602272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Among eight human bladder cancer cell lines we examined, only T24 cells were resistant to the growth inhibition effect of genistein, an isoflavone and potent anticancer drug. Since the T24 cell line was the only cell line known to overexpress oncogenic H-Ras(val 12), we investigated the role of H-Ras(val 12) in mediating drug resistance. Herein, we demonstrate that the phenotype of T24 cells could be dramatically reversed and became relatively susceptible to growth inhibition by genistein if the synthesis of H-Ras(val 12) or its downstream effector c-Fos had been suppressed. The inhibition of Ras-mediated signalling with protein kinase inhibitors, such as PD58059 and U0126 which inhibited MEK and ERK, in T24 cells also rendered the identical phenotypic reversion. However, this reversion was not observed when an inhibitor was used to suppress the protein phosphorylation function of PI3 K or PKC. These results suggest that the signal mediated by H-Ras(val 12) is predominantly responsible for the resistance of the cells to the anticancer drug genistein.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Li
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chung Shan Medical University, No. 110, Sec. 1, Chien Kuo N. Rd., Taichung 402, Taiwan, ROC
| | - R-H Teng
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chung Shan Medical University, No. 110, Sec. 1, Chien Kuo N. Rd., Taichung 402, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Y-C Tsai
- Department of Biochemistry, Chung Shan Medical University, No. 110, Sec. 1, Chien Kuo N. Rd., Taichung 402, Taiwan, ROC
| | - H-S Ke
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, No. 250, Kuo Kwang Rd., Taichung 402, Taiwan, ROC
| | - J-Y Huang
- Department of Biochemistry, Chung Shan Medical University, No. 110, Sec. 1, Chien Kuo N. Rd., Taichung 402, Taiwan, ROC
| | - C-C Chen
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Medical College, No. 1, Ta Hsueh Rd., Tainan 601, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Y-L Kao
- Department of Urology, Chung Shan Medical University, No. 110, Sec. 1, Chien Kuo N. Rd., Taichung 402, Taiwan, ROC
| | - C-C Kuo
- Department of Urology, Chung Shan Medical University, No. 110, Sec. 1, Chien Kuo N. Rd., Taichung 402, Taiwan, ROC
| | - W R Bell
- Internal Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, No. 110, Sec. 1, Chien Kuo N. Rd., Taichung 402, Taiwan, ROC
| | - B Shieh
- Department of Biochemistry, Chung Shan Medical University, No. 110, Sec. 1, Chien Kuo N. Rd., Taichung 402, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Biochemistry, Chung Shan Medical University, No. 110, Sec. 1, Chien Kuo N. Rd., Taichung 402, Taiwan, ROC. E-mail:
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Lee JJ, Suo J, Lin CB, Wang JD, Lin TY, Tsai YC. Comparative evaluation of the BACTEC MGIT 960 system with solid medium for isolation of mycobacteria. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2003; 7:569-74. [PMID: 12797700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
SETTING The utilisation of new, rapid methods of diagnosis of tuberculosis is currently of great interest for tuberculosis control. This study was carried out in a teaching hospital in the eastern region of Taiwan. OBJECTIVE The BACTEC MGIT 960 system was evaluated and compared with Lowenstein-Jensen (LJ) medium and Middlebrook 7H11 plate for recovery rate and time to detection of mycobacteria. DESIGN A total of 1396 sputum samples were tested for the presence of mycobacteria. Specimens were processed and inoculated separately in the BACTEC MGIT 960 system, on LJ medium and 7H11 for comparative study. RESULTS The BACTEC MGIT 960 detected 235 isolates (100%), followed by LJ with 205 isolates (87.2%) and 7H11 with 178 isolates (75.7%). The mean time to detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex was 11.6 days with MGIT 960, 20.1 days with LJ, and 18.7 days with 7H11. The contamination rates were 15.1% with MGIT 960, 10.1% with LJ and 9.7% with 7H11. CONCLUSION The BACTEC MGIT 960 system is a sensitive, rapid mycobacterial culturing system. However, the high contamination rate is a concern that should be carefully evaluated in the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- J J Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien, Hualien County, Taiwan
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Chen CL, Lee WL, Tsai YC, Yuan CC, Ng HT, Wang PH. Sialyltransferase family members and cervix squamous cell carcinoma. EUR J GYNAECOL ONCOL 2003; 23:514-8. [PMID: 12556094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
Abstract
Sialic acids including a number of their derivatives are ubiquitous at the terminal positions of the oligosaccharides of glycoproteins. The transfer of sialic acids from cystidine-5-monophospho-N-acetylneuraminic acid (CMP-NeuAc) to the terminal position of the carbohydrate group of glycoproteins and glycolipids is catalyzed by a family of sialyltransferases (STs). There is a large body of evidence to suggest that tumor cells have altered surface properties from their normal counterparts, and that these changes are partially due to altered sialo-glycoconjugates expressed on the plasma membrane and that altered sialylation (change in glycoprotein expression), which occurs during certain pathological processes, such as oncogenic transformation, tumor metastases, and invasion, is associated with enhanced ST activity. In this report we attempt to review the important findings in studing sialyltransferases of cervix squamous cell carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- C L Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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Ni CH, Chen JN, Tsai YC, Chen TK, Chen WB, Chen CH. Recycling and reuse of wastewater from a new-developed community using sand filtration, ultrafiltration, and ozonation. J Environ Sci Health A Tox Hazard Subst Environ Eng 2003; 38:2339-2348. [PMID: 14524686 DOI: 10.1081/ese-120023401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the pilot apparatus combined with sand filtration, ozonation and ultrafiltration was established. Wastewater from the secondary treatment effluent in the new-developed community was taken as the sample for looking into the feasibility of domestic wastewater reuse and recycling. The test results by sand filtration, sand filtration/ultrafiltration, sand filtration/ozonation, and sand filtration/ultrafiltration/ozonation were compared for looking for appropriate treatment processes applied in the domestic wastewater reuse and recycling. Finally, cost analysis was carried out and sand filtration/ozonation process was suggested to be one of the best processes. The total cost is about 0.1-0.32 USD dollars per cubic meter of produced water by considering the capital and operation cost for five years in the small domestic wastewater treatment plant (50-750 CMD).
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Affiliation(s)
- C H Ni
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan.
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Abstract
Complete atrioventricular block (CAVB) can be either congenital or acquired in children. Acquired CAVB is occasionally seen in myocarditis patients. To determine the etiology, natural history, and outcome of children with acquired nonsurgical CAVB, we retrospectively reviewed nine children who had suffered CAVB caused by suspected infectious myocarditis. All of them had CAVB with a wide QRS escape ventricular rhythm on admission. Three of them had ventricular tachycardia in addition to CAVB. Seven of them had a preceding upper respiratory tract infection. All of them had congestive heart failure. Five of them had Stokes-Adams seizures. Three etiologies were identified in four of the children. All patients received inotropic agents and emergency temporary pacing. In all except one case, the cardiac rhythm returned to sinus rhythm within 10 days. During a follow-up period of 9 to 96 months, all were asymptomatic and drug-free. Electrocardiograms showed that four patients were completely normal, there was complete RBBB in four and left anterior fascicular block in one patient. We conclude that although CAVB associated with myocarditis can be life-threatening, the long-term prognosis is good if patients are diagnosed early and proper management is employed.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-N Wang
- Institute of Clinical Medicine and Department of Pediatrics, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, No. 138, Sheng Li Road, Tainan 70428, Taiwan
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Chang WN, Wu JJ, Huang CR, Tsai YC, Chien CC, Lu CH. Identification of viridans streptococcal species causing bacterial meningitis in adults in Taiwan. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2002; 21:393-6. [PMID: 12072926 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-002-0727-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
In order to determine the species responsible for viridans-group streptococcal meningitis in adults in Taiwan, seven cases of culture-proven meningitis due to these organisms were studied. The cases were all identified at the Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung over a period of 3 years, and they accounted for 9% (7/78) of all cases of culture-proven bacterial meningitis occurring in adults during this period. Of the seven viridans streptococci isolates recovered, Streptococcus constellatus accounted for four, Streptococcus anginosus for two, and Streptococcus oralis for one. Thus, it appears that streptococci of the milleri group are the most common species causing bacterial meningitis in adults in Taiwan. The tendency for these organisms to cause invasive central nervous system infections in adults should not be overlooked when these species are recovered from cerebrospinal fluid specimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- W N Chang
- Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung, 123 Ta Pei Road, Kaohsiung Hsien, Taiwan
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study was undertaken to see if embryo transfer containing early cleavage embryos resulted in better clinical pregnancy rate. METHODS The treatment outcomes of IVF-ET were retrospectively reviewed. Out of 258 transfer cycles, 160 cycles contained no early cleavage embryos (Group I) and 98 cycles contained at least one early cleavage embryo (Group II). The definition of early cleavage embryo is the presence of two blastomeres 24-26 h after insemination. The implantation rate, clinical pregnancy rate were compared between two groups. Student's t-test and the Mann-Whitney U-test were used for continuous variables, and the Chi-squared (chi(2)) test was used for binary variables. Differences were considered statistically significant at P<0.05. RESULT The implantation rate and clinical pregnancy rate were 11.6% and 25.6% in Group I, 18.6% and 38.8% in Group II (P<0.05). CONCLUSION Early cleavage embryos possess greater implantation potential. Embryo transfer containing early cleavage embryos had a better clinical pregnancy rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y C Tsai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chi Mei Foundation Hospital, 71010, Tainan, Taiwan.
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Tsai YC, Wang JN, Yang YJ, Wu JM. Aortico-cameral communication from left sinus Valsalva aneurysm to right atrium via a tortuous tunnel with aneurysmal dilatation. Pediatr Cardiol 2002; 23:108-9. [PMID: 11922500 DOI: 10.1007/s00246-001-0029-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Y C Tsai
- Tainan Municipal Hospital, Taiwan
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Ni CH, Chen JN, Tsai YC, Chen WB, Chen CH. Ozonation of domestic secondary effluent for recycling and reuse--a pilot plant study. Water Sci Technol 2002; 46:361-366. [PMID: 12361034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a pilot plant combined ozonation with sand filtration is established. Wastewater from the secondary effluent was taken as the sample for looking into the feasibility of domestic wastewater recovery and recycling. At the beginning, a series of hydraulic analysis and ozone transfer tests was conducted in the bubble column reactor. From these tests, it was found that when the gas flow is controlled to within 0.2 to approximately 1.0 L/min and liquid flow within 0.5 to approximately 2.5 L/min, using series connected mixing tank model for our calculation, the result J (CSTR) is 1 to approximately 2. From the ozone transfer test it is known that the smaller the gas flow, the better the transfer rate, and the same pattern occurs on ozone gas concentration. After sand filtration and ozone treatment, the G/L ratio within the ozone column reactor can be maintained within 0.2 to approximately 0.4 and the ozone dosage within 8 to approximately 12 mg/L. The removal rate for coliform bacillus, BOD, turbidity and color is 99.96%, 62.2%, 89.6% and 67% respectively. After ozonation treatment, coliform bacillus content can be controlled under 10 CFU/mL, BOD under 10 mg/L, turbidity within 2.0 to approximately 2.5 (NTU), and color within 10.3 to approximately 13.7 degree. The recycled water is almost colorless and odorless, and is capable of reaching the reference standard for recycled water.
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Affiliation(s)
- C H Ni
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Taiwan
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