1
|
Atapour M, Standish TE, Henderson JD, Wei Z, Dehnavi V, Hedberg YS. Influence of Proteins and Building Direction on the Corrosion and Tribocorrosion of CoCrMo Fabricated by Laser Powder Bed Fusion. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2024. [PMID: 38630940 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.3c01165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Cobalt-chromium-molybdenum (CoCrMo) alloys are common wear-exposed biomedical alloys and are manufactured in multiple ways, increasingly using additive manufacturing processes such as laser powder bed fusion (LPBF). Here, we investigate the effect of proteins and the manufacturing process (wrought vs LPBF) and building orientation (LPBF-XY and XZ) on the corrosion, metal release, tribocorrosion, and surface oxide composition by means of electrochemical, mechanical, microscopic, diffractive, and spectroscopic methods. The study was conducted at pH 7.3 in 5 g/L NaCl and 5 mM 2-(N-morpholino) ethanesulfonic acid (MES) buffer, which was found to be necessary to avoid metal phosphate and metal-protein aggregate precipitation. The effect of 10 g/L bovine serum albumin (BSA) and 2.5 g/L fibrinogen (Fbn) was studied. BSA and Fbn strongly enhanced the release of Co, Cr, and Mo and slightly enhanced the corrosion (still in the passive domain) for all CoCrMo alloys and most for LPBF-XZ, followed by LPBF-XY and the wrought CoCrMo. BSA and Fbn, most pronounced when combined, significantly decreased the coefficient of friction due to lubrication, the wear track width and severity of the wear mechanism, and the tribocorrosion for all alloys, with no clear effect of the manufacturing type. The wear track area was significantly more oxidized than the area outside of the wear track. In the reference solution without proteins, a strong Mo oxidation in the wear track surface oxide was indicative of a pH decrease and cell separation of the anodic and cathodic areas. This effect was absent in the presence of the proteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masoud Atapour
- Department of Materials Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Thalia E Standish
- Surface Science Western, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6G 0J3, Canada
| | - Jeffrey D Henderson
- Surface Science Western, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6G 0J3, Canada
| | - Zheng Wei
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Vahid Dehnavi
- Surface Science Western, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6G 0J3, Canada
- Department of Chemical & Biochemical Engineering, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5B9, Canada
| | - Yolanda S Hedberg
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5B7, Canada
- Surface Science Western, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6G 0J3, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Atapour M, Sanaei S, Wei Z, Sheikholeslam M, Henderson JD, Eduok U, Hosein YK, Holdsworth DW, Hedberg YS, Ghorbani HR. In vitro corrosion and biocompatibility behavior of CoCrMo alloy manufactured by laser powder bed fusion parallel and perpendicular to the build direction. Electrochim Acta 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2023.142059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
|
3
|
Wang X, Hedberg YS, Odnevall I. Presence of impurities of nickel and cobalt in facial cosmetic pigments and their dissolution into artificial sweat. Contact Dermatitis 2022; 87:550-553. [PMID: 36062388 PMCID: PMC9826512 DOI: 10.1111/cod.14212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xuying Wang
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and HealthDepartment of Chemistry, Division of Surface and Corrosion ScienceStockholmSweden
| | - Yolanda S. Hedberg
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and HealthDepartment of Chemistry, Division of Surface and Corrosion ScienceStockholmSweden,Surface Science WesternThe University of Western OntarioLondonOntarioCanada,Department of ChemistryThe University of Western OntarioLondonOntarioCanada
| | - Inger Odnevall
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and HealthDepartment of Chemistry, Division of Surface and Corrosion ScienceStockholmSweden,AIMES – Center for the Advancement of Integrated Medical and Engineering Sciences at Karolinska Institutet and KTH Royal Institute of TechnologyStockholmSweden,Department of NeuroscienceKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wright A, Laundry-Mottiar L, Hedberg YS. The ability of sweat and buffer solutions to reduce hexavalent chromium of relevance for leather extraction. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2022; 133:105222. [PMID: 35817209 DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2022.105222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
The European Union restricted the amount of hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) in leather in 2015, but skin allergy cases due to Cr-tanned leather are not declining. Standardized extraction methods have been criticized to both over- and underestimate the expected amount of bioavailable Cr(VI) in leather. This study aims to evaluate the ability of four extraction solutions to reduce or preserve Cr(VI): artificial sweat solutions (ASWs) of pH 4.7, 6.5, and 8.0, and phosphate buffer (PB) of pH 8.0. This was investigated by incubating each solution with added Cr(VI) as a function of time, and then measuring the recovered Cr(VI). All solutions, especially PB, preserved Cr(VI) for 24 h. These solutions were also pre-exposed to Cr-free vegetable-tanned leather (VTL) before incubation with Cr(VI). Released vegetable tannin species strongly reduced Cr(VI), with up to 4000 μg/L added Cr(VI) reduced in all solutions after 24 h. However, after 1 h, Cr(VI) was still detectable in extraction solutions at pH 6.5 and above. The reduction of Cr(VI) in relevant extraction solutions is hence a process dependent on time, pH, and the presence of co-released leather species. All extraction solutions, but least PB, have the potential to underestimate any Cr(VI) present on the surface of leather.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Wright
- Dept. of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Str., London, Ontario, N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Lila Laundry-Mottiar
- Dept. of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Str., London, Ontario, N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Yolanda S Hedberg
- Dept. of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Str., London, Ontario, N6A 5B7, Canada; Surface Science Western, The University of Western Ontario, 999 Collip Circle, London, Ontario, N6G 0J3, Canada; Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, N6C 2R5, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Stepan T, Tété L, Laundry-Mottiar L, Romanovskaia E, Hedberg YS, Danninger H, Auinger M. Effect of nanoparticle size on the near-surface pH-distribution in aqueous and carbonate buffered solutions. Electrochim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2022.139923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
|
6
|
Hedberg YS, Wei Z, McCarrick S, Romanovski V, Theodore J, Westin EM, Wagner R, Persson KA, Karlsson HL, Odnevall Wallinder I. Welding fume nanoparticles from solid and flux-cored wires: Solubility, toxicity, and role of fluorides. J Hazard Mater 2021; 413:125273. [PMID: 33581669 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Welding fume particles are hazardous. Their toxicity likely depends on their composition and reactivity. This study aimed at exploring the role of sodium or other fluorides (NaF), which are intentionally added to flux-cored wire electrodes for stainless steel welding, on the solubility (in phosphate buffered saline) and toxicity of the generated welding fume particles. A multi-analytical particle characterization approach along with in-vitro cell assays was undertaken. The release of Cr(VI) and Mn from the particles was tested as a function of fluoride solution concentration. The welding fume particles containing NaF released significantly higher amounts of Cr(VI) compared with solid wire reference fumes, which was associated with increased cytotoxicity and genotoxicity in-vitro. No crystalline Na or potassium (K) containing chromates were observed. Cr(VI) was incorporated in an amorphous mixed oxide. Solution-added fluorides did not increase the solubility of Cr(VI), but contributed to a reduced Mn release from both solid and flux-cored wire fume particles and the reduction of Cr(VI) release from solid wire fume particles. Chemical speciation modeling suggested that metal fluoride complexes were not formed. The presence of NaF in the welding electrodes did not have any direct, but possibly an indirect, role in the Cr(VI) solubility of welding fumes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y S Hedberg
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Department of Chemistry, Division of Surface and Corrosion Science, 10044 Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 3K7, Canada; Surface Science Western, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6G 0J3, Canada.
| | - Z Wei
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Department of Chemistry, Division of Surface and Corrosion Science, 10044 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - S McCarrick
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - V Romanovski
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Department of Chemistry, Division of Surface and Corrosion Science, 10044 Stockholm, Sweden; Center of Functional Nano-Ceramics, National University of Science and Technology "MISIS", 119049 Moscow, Russia; Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, 220072 Minsk, Belarus
| | - J Theodore
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Department of Chemistry, Division of Surface and Corrosion Science, 10044 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - E M Westin
- voestalpine Böhler Welding Group GmbH, Böhler-Welding-Str. 1, 8605 Kapfenberg, Austria
| | - R Wagner
- Linde GmbH/UniBw Munich, Germany
| | | | - H L Karlsson
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - I Odnevall Wallinder
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Department of Chemistry, Division of Surface and Corrosion Science, 10044 Stockholm, Sweden; AIMES - Center for the Advancement of Integrated Medical and Engineering Sciences at Karolinska Institutet and KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wang X, Josefsson L, Meschnark S, Lind ML, Emmer Å, Goessler W, Hedberg YS. Analytical survey of tattoo inks-A chemical and legal perspective with focus on sensitizing substances. Contact Dermatitis 2021; 85:340-353. [PMID: 34089526 DOI: 10.1111/cod.13913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tattoo inks have been reported to elicit allergic contact dermatitis. OBJECTIVES To investigate the labels and the contents of metals and pigments in tattoo inks, considering restrictions within the European Union. METHODS Seventy-three tattoo inks currently available on the market, either bought or donated (already used), were investigated for trace metals and pigments by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight tandem mass spectrometry. RESULTS Ninety-three percent of the bought tattoo inks violated European, legal requirements on labeling. Fifty percent of the tattoo inks declared at least one pigment ingredient incorrectly. Sixty-one percent of the inks contained pigments of concern, especially red inks. Iron, aluminium, titanium, and copper (most in green/blue inks) were the main metals detected in the inks. The level of metal impurities exceeded current restriction limits in only a few cases. Total chromium (0.35-139 μg/g) and nickel (0.1-41 μg/g) were found in almost all samples. The levels of iron, chromium, manganese, cobalt, nickel, zinc, lead, and arsenic were found to covary significantly. CONCLUSIONS To prevent contact allergy and toxic reactions among users it is important for tattoo ink manufacturers to follow the regulations and decrease nickel and chromium impurities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuying Wang
- Division of Surface and Corrosion Science, Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology, and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Leila Josefsson
- Division of Applied Physical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology, and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Marie-Louise Lind
- Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Åsa Emmer
- Division of Applied Physical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology, and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Yolanda S Hedberg
- Division of Surface and Corrosion Science, Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology, and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden.,Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.,Lawson Health Research Institute, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Nikpour S, Hedberg YS. Using chemical speciation modelling to discuss variations in patch test reactions to different aluminium and chromium salts. Contact Dermatitis 2021; 85:415-420. [PMID: 34013976 DOI: 10.1111/cod.13904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Allergic contact dermatitis to metals is diagnosed by applying a metal salt in a patch test. The bioavailability of the metal salt might depend on the choice of metal salt, the concentration, sweat composition, and pH. OBJECTIVES The main purpose of this study was to apply chemical speciation modelling, which is based on experimentally derived input data and calculates the concentrations of chemical forms (species) in solutions, to reproduce and discuss clinical patch test results of aluminium and chromium. METHODS Joint Expert Speciation System (JESS), Hydra/Medusa, and Visual MINTEQ were employed to study the bioavailable fraction and chemical form of clinically applied aluminium and chromium salts as a function of salt type, applied concentration, sweat composition, and pH. RESULTS Investigated aluminium and chromium salts can have a very low bioavailability with a large dependency on sweat composition, pH, metal salt, and concentration. Both aluminium and chromium ions could shift the pH towards acidic or basic values based on their chemical form. CONCLUSIONS Reported seasonal and interpatient variability in positive reactions to aluminium is likely related to sweat pH and composition. Potassium dichromate increases the pH, whereas aluminium and trivalent chromium chloride strongly decrease the pH, possibly increasing skin diffusion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saman Nikpour
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yolanda S Hedberg
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.,Surface Science Western, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.,Lawson Health Research Institute, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Hedberg YS. Chromium and leather: a review on the chemistry of relevance for allergic contact dermatitis to chromium. J Leather Sci Eng 2020. [DOI: 10.1186/s42825-020-00027-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
As other causes decline in importance, chromium-tanned leather has become a more important source for chromium allergy, which affects around 1% of the general population. The aim of this review is to give suggestions on how to minimize the risk of leather-related allergic contact dermatitis, which can be elicited in chromium-allergic persons by hexavalent and trivalent chromium released from leather. Hexavalent chromium is the more potent chromium form and requires a lower skin dose to elicit allergic reactions. It is formed on the surface of some, antioxidant-free, leathers at dry conditions (< 35% relative humidity) and is influenced by the tanning process and other conditions, such as UV irradiation, contact with alkaline solutions, and leather age. Trivalent chromium is the dominant form released from chromium-tanned leather and its released amount is sufficient to elicit allergic reactions in some chromium-allergic individuals when they are exposed repetitively and over longer time (days – months). A low initial test result (< 3 mg/kg) for hexavalent chromium with the current standard test (ISO 17075) does not guarantee a low release of chromium from the leather or a low release of hexavalent chromium under typical exposure conditions during the service life of the leather. Information, labels, and certificates regarding leather products are often insufficient to protect chromium-allergic individuals. Correct labelling and information on the possible content of different allergens, as well as different tanning alternatives for certain leather products, are crucial.
Graphical abstract
Collapse
|
10
|
Hedberg YS, Wei Z, Matura M. Quantification of aluminium release from Finn chambers under different in vitro test conditions of relevance for patch testing. Contact Dermatitis 2020; 83:380-386. [DOI: 10.1111/cod.13629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yolanda S. Hedberg
- Division of Surface and Corrosion Science, Department of Chemistry School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology, and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm Sweden
| | - Zheng Wei
- Division of Surface and Corrosion Science, Department of Chemistry School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology, and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm Sweden
| | - Mihály Matura
- Unit of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Stockholm County Council Stockholm Sweden
- Unit of Dermatology Skaraborgs Hospital Skövde Skövde Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Alinaghi F, Hedberg YS, Zachariae C, Thyssen JP, Johansen JD. Metals in used and unused metalworking fluids: X‐ray fluorescence spectrometry as a screening test. Contact Dermatitis 2020; 83:83-87. [DOI: 10.1111/cod.13533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Farzad Alinaghi
- National Allergy Research Centre, Department of Dermatology and AllergyCopenhagen University Hospital Herlev‐Gentofte Hellerup Denmark
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Surface and Corrosion Science, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology, and HealthKTH Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm Sweden
| | - Yolanda S. Hedberg
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Surface and Corrosion Science, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology, and HealthKTH Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm Sweden
| | - Claus Zachariae
- Department of Dermatology and AllergyCopenhagen University Hospital Herlev‐Gentofte Hellerup Denmark
| | - Jacob P. Thyssen
- National Allergy Research Centre, Department of Dermatology and AllergyCopenhagen University Hospital Herlev‐Gentofte Hellerup Denmark
- Department of Dermatology and AllergyCopenhagen University Hospital Herlev‐Gentofte Hellerup Denmark
| | - Jeanne D. Johansen
- National Allergy Research Centre, Department of Dermatology and AllergyCopenhagen University Hospital Herlev‐Gentofte Hellerup Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Hedberg YS, Wei Z, Moncada F. Release of hexavalent chromium from cement collected in Honduras and Sweden. Contact Dermatitis 2020; 83:122-124. [DOI: 10.1111/cod.13508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yolanda S. Hedberg
- School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology, and Health, Department of Chemistry, Division of Surface and Corrosion ScienceKTH Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm Sweden
| | - Zheng Wei
- School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology, and Health, Department of Chemistry, Division of Surface and Corrosion ScienceKTH Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm Sweden
| | - Federico Moncada
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medical SciencesNational Autonomous University of Honduras Tegucigalpa Honduras
- Central American Network of Information and Advice Centers in Toxicology (RedCIATOX) Tegucigalpa Honduras
- Center for Research and Development in Health, Labor and Environment (CIDSTA) Tegucigalpa Honduras
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Hedberg YS, Wei Z, Matura M. High release of hexavalent chromium into artificial sweat in a case of leather shoe-induced contact dermatitis. Contact Dermatitis 2019; 82:179-181. [PMID: 31626331 PMCID: PMC7027872 DOI: 10.1111/cod.13425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yolanda S Hedberg
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology, and Health, Department of Chemistry, Division of Surface and Corrosion Science, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Zheng Wei
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology, and Health, Department of Chemistry, Division of Surface and Corrosion Science, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mihály Matura
- Unit of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm, Sweden.,Unit of Dermatology, Skaraborgs Hospital Skövde, Skövde, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Carlander U, Midander K, Hedberg YS, Johanson G, Bottai M, Karlsson HL. Macrophage-Assisted Dissolution of Gold Nanoparticles. ACS Appl Bio Mater 2019; 2:1006-1016. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.8b00537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yolanda S. Hedberg
- School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Department of Chemistry, Division of Surface and Corrosion Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Drottning Kristinas väg 51, SE-10044 Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Hedberg YS, Wei Z, Moncada Chévez F. Chromium(III), chromium(VI) and cobalt release from leathers produced in Nicaragua. Contact Dermatitis 2018; 80:149-155. [PMID: 30485451 PMCID: PMC6587775 DOI: 10.1111/cod.13165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Revised: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Leather exposure has been associated with chromium (Cr) and cobalt (Co) contact dermatitis. Cr(VI) in leather is now restricted to <3 mg/kg in the EU. Cr(III) is not restricted. OBJECTIVES To analyse 29 differently coloured Cr-tanned leather samples from two Nicaraguan tanneries, and to compare their release of Cr, Cr(VI) and Co with that of leathers produced in Europe. METHODS Cr, Cr(VI) and Co were extracted in phosphate buffer for 3 hours at 25°C according to EN ISO 17075. Atomic absorption spectroscopy and spectrophotometry were used for detection of the metals in phosphate buffer. RESULTS There was no difference in total Cr or Cr(VI) release between European and Nicaraguan leathers. There was no association between Cr(VI) and total Cr release. Co was released primarily from leathers of one tannery. Cr(III) was released in significantly higher amounts than Cr(VI). CONCLUSIONS Future investigations and regulations should focus on Cr(III) and Co as well as on Cr(VI).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yolanda S Hedberg
- Division of Surface and Corrosion Science, Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology, and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Zheng Wei
- Division of Surface and Corrosion Science, Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology, and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Federico Moncada Chévez
- Public Health Department, Faculty of Medical Science, National Autonomous University of Honduras, Tegucigalpa, Honduras.,Central American Network of Information and Advice Centres in Toxicology (RedCIATOX), Tegucigalpa, Honduras.,Centre for Research and Development in Health, Labour and Environment (CIDSTA), Tegucigalpa, Honduras
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Lebedová J, Hedberg YS, Odnevall Wallinder I, Karlsson HL. Size-dependent genotoxicity of silver, gold and platinum nanoparticles studied using the mini-gel comet assay and micronucleus scoring with flow cytometry. Mutagenesis 2018. [PMID: 29529313 DOI: 10.1093/mutage/gex027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Metallic nanoparticles (NPs) are promising nanomaterials used in different technological solutions as well as in consumer products. Silver (Ag), gold (Au) and platinum (Pt) represent three metallic NPs with current or suggested use in different applications. Pt is also used as vehicle exhaust catalyst leading to a possible exposure via inhalation. Despite their use, there is limited data on their genotoxic potential and possible size-dependent effects, particularly for Pt NPs. The aim of this study was to explore size-dependent genotoxicity of these NPs (5 and 50 nm) following exposure of human bronchial epithelial cells. We characterised the NPs and assessed the viability (Alamar blue assay), formation of DNA strand breaks (mini-gel comet assay) and induction of micronucleus (MN) analysed using flow cytometry (in vitro microflow kit). The results confirmed the primary size (5 and 50 nm) but showed agglomeration of all NPs in the serum free medium used. Slight reduced cell viability (tested up to 50 µg/ml) was observed following exposure to the Ag NPs of both particle sizes as well as to the smallest (5 nm) Au NPs. Similarly, at non-cytotoxic concentrations, both 5 and 50 nm-sized Ag NPs, as well as 5 nm-sized Au NPs, increased DNA strand breaks whereas for Pt NPs only the 50 nm size caused a slight increase in DNA damage. No clear induction of MN was observed in any of the doses tested (up to 20 µg/ml). Taken together, by using the comet assay our study shows DNA strand breaks induced by Ag NPs, without any obvious differences in size, whereas effects from Au and Pt NPs were size-dependent in the sense that the 5 nm-sized Au NPs and 50 nm-sized Pt NPs particles were active. No clear induction of MN was observed for the NPs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jana Lebedová
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Nobels väg, Stockholm, Sweden.,RECETOX, Masaryk University, Kamenice, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Yolanda S Hedberg
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Division of Surface and Corrosion Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Drottning Kristinas, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Inger Odnevall Wallinder
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Division of Surface and Corrosion Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Drottning Kristinas, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hanna L Karlsson
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Nobels väg, Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Hedberg YS, Dobryden I, Chaudhary H, Wei Z, Claesson PM, Lendel C. Synergistic effects of metal-induced aggregation of human serum albumin. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2018; 173:751-758. [PMID: 30384272 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2018.10.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Revised: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to cobalt (Co), chromium (Cr), and nickel (Ni) occurs often via skin contact and from different dental and orthopedic implants. The metal ions bind to proteins, which may induce structural changes and aggregation, with different medical consequences. We investigated human serum albumin (HSA) aggregation in the presence of CoII, CrIII, and/or NiII ions and/or their nanoparticle precipitates by using scattering, spectroscopic, and imaging techniques, at simulated physiological conditions (phosphate buffered saline - PBS, pH 7.3) using metal salts that did not affect the pH, and at HSA:metal molar ratios of up to 1:8. Co ions formed some solid nanoparticles in PBS at the investigated conditions, as determined by nanoparticle tracking analysis, but the CrIII anions and NiII ions remained fully soluble. It was found that all metal ions induced HSA aggregation, and this effect was significantly enhanced when a mixture of all three metal ions was present instead of any single type of ion. Thus, the metal ions induce aggregation synergistically. HSA aggregates formed linear structures on a mica surface in the presence of CrIII ions. A clear tendency of aggregation and linearly aligned aggregates was seen in the presence of all three metal ions. Spectroscopic investigations indicated that the majority of the HSA molecules maintained their alpha helical secondary structure and conformation. This study highlights the importance of synergistic effects of metal ions and/or their precipitates on protein aggregation, which are highly relevant for implant materials and common exposures to metals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yolanda S Hedberg
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Dept. Chemistry, Div. Surface and Corrosion Science, SE-10044 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Illia Dobryden
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Dept. Chemistry, Div. Surface and Corrosion Science, SE-10044 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Himanshu Chaudhary
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Dept. Chemistry, Div. Applied Physical Chemistry, SE-10044 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Zheng Wei
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Dept. Chemistry, Div. Surface and Corrosion Science, SE-10044 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Per M Claesson
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Dept. Chemistry, Div. Surface and Corrosion Science, SE-10044 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christofer Lendel
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Dept. Chemistry, Div. Applied Physical Chemistry, SE-10044 Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Hedberg YS, Žnidaršič M, Herting G, Milošev I, Odnevall Wallinder I. Mechanistic insight on the combined effect of albumin and hydrogen peroxide on surface oxide composition and extent of metal release from Ti6Al4V. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2018; 107:858-867. [PMID: 30102828 PMCID: PMC6586049 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.34182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Revised: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The titanium-aluminium (6 wt%)-vanadium (4 wt%) (Ti6Al4V) alloy is widely used as an orthopedic and dental implant material due to its high corrosion resistance in such environments. The corrosion resistance is usually determined by means of electrochemical methods, which may not be able to detect other chemical surface reactions. Literature findings report a synergistic effect of the combination of the abundant protein albumin and hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ) on the extent of metal release and corrosion of Ti6Al4V. The objectives of this study were to gain further mechanistic insight on the interplay of H2 O2 and albumin on the metal release process of Ti6Al4V with special focus on (1) kinetics and (2) H2 O2 and albumin concentrations. This was accomplished mainly by metal release and surface oxide composition investigations, which confirmed the combined effect of H2 O2 and albumin on the metal release process, although not detectable by electrochemical open circuit potential measurements. A concentration of 30 mM H2 O2 induced substantial changes in the surface oxide characteristics, an oxide which became thicker and enriched in aluminum. Bovine serum albumin (BSA) seemed to be able to deplete this aluminum content from the outermost surface or at least to delay its surface enrichment. This effect increased with increased BSA concentration, and for time periods longer than 24 h. This study hence suggests that short-term (accelerated) corrosion resistance measurements are not sufficient to predict potential health effects of Ti6Al4V alloys since also chemical dissolution mechanisms play a large role for metal release, possibly in a synergistic way. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 107B: 855-867, 2019.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yolanda S Hedberg
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Surface and Corrosion Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Drottning Kristinas väg 51, SE-10044, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Monika Žnidaršič
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Surface and Corrosion Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Drottning Kristinas väg 51, SE-10044, Stockholm, Sweden.,Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Večna pot 113, SI-1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Gunilla Herting
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Surface and Corrosion Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Drottning Kristinas väg 51, SE-10044, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ingrid Milošev
- Department of Physical and Organic Chemistry, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova c. 39, SI-1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Inger Odnevall Wallinder
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Surface and Corrosion Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Drottning Kristinas väg 51, SE-10044, Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Hedberg YS, Uter W, Banerjee P, Lind ML, Skovvang Steengaard S, Teo Y, Lidén C. Non-oxidative hair dye products on the European market: What do they contain? Contact Dermatitis 2018; 79:281-287. [PMID: 30028011 DOI: 10.1111/cod.13074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2018] [Revised: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hair dyeing is very common and may cause allergic contact dermatitis. Oxidative (often termed permanent or semi-permanent) hair dye products have constituted the focus of market surveys and toxicological risk assessments, while non-oxidative (semi-permanent, temporary or direct) products have not been assessed. OBJECTIVES To identify the hair dye substances presently used in non-oxidative hair dye products in Europe. METHODS Ingredient label data on eligible products in 5 European countries were collected, and 289 different non-oxidative hair dye products were included in this study. RESULTS Up to 9 hair dye substances were present in each product. Sixty-eight individual hair dye substances were identified on the 289 product labels, and their occurrence ranged from 0.3% to 34%. There were differences concerning substances used and their number per product between products of different consistency and colour. CONCLUSIONS The hair dye substances in non-oxidative hair dye products are different from those in oxidative hair dye products, and are currently not covered by patch test series. The toxicological and skin-sensitizing profile of the substances in non-oxidative hair dye products, as well as their concentrations, should be further investigated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yolanda S Hedberg
- Division of Surface and Corrosion Science, Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology, and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Wolfgang Uter
- Department of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, University of Erlangen/Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Piu Banerjee
- Guy's Hospital, St John's Institute of Dermatology, London, UK.,Lewisham and Greenwich NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Marie-Louise Lind
- Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Ying Teo
- Guy's Hospital, St John's Institute of Dermatology, London, UK
| | - Carola Lidén
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Mei N, Belleville L, Cha Y, Olofsson U, Odnevall Wallinder I, Persson KA, Hedberg YS. Size-separated particle fractions of stainless steel welding fume particles - A multi-analytical characterization focusing on surface oxide speciation and release of hexavalent chromium. J Hazard Mater 2018; 342:527-535. [PMID: 28886565 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2017.08.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2017] [Revised: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Welding fume of stainless steels is potentially health hazardous. The aim of this study was to investigate the manganese (Mn) and chromium (Cr) speciation of welding fume particles and their extent of metal release relevant for an inhalation scenario, as a function of particle size, welding method (manual metal arc welding, metal arc welding using an active shielding gas), different electrodes (solid wires and flux-cored wires) and shielding gases, and base alloy (austenitic AISI 304L and duplex stainless steel LDX2101). Metal release investigations were performed in phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.3, 37°, 24h. The particles were characterized by means of microscopic, spectroscopic, and electroanalytical methods. Cr was predominantly released from particles of the welding fume when exposed in PBS [3-96% of the total amount of Cr, of which up to 70% as Cr(VI)], followed by Mn, nickel, and iron. Duplex stainless steel welded with a flux-cored wire generated a welding fume that released most Cr(VI). Nano-sized particles released a significantly higher amount of nickel compared with micron-sized particle fractions. The welding fume did not contain any solitary known chromate compounds, but multi-elemental highly oxidized oxide(s) (iron, Cr, and Mn, possibly bismuth and silicon).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N Mei
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Division of Surface and Corrosion Science, Drottning Kristinas väg 51, SE-10044, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - L Belleville
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Division of Surface and Corrosion Science, Drottning Kristinas väg 51, SE-10044, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Y Cha
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, School of Industrial Engineering and Management, Department of Machine Design, Brinellvägen 83, SE-10044, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - U Olofsson
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, School of Industrial Engineering and Management, Department of Machine Design, Brinellvägen 83, SE-10044, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - I Odnevall Wallinder
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Division of Surface and Corrosion Science, Drottning Kristinas väg 51, SE-10044, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - K-A Persson
- Swerea KIMAB, Box 7047, SE-16407, Kista, Sweden
| | - Y S Hedberg
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Division of Surface and Corrosion Science, Drottning Kristinas väg 51, SE-10044, Stockholm, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Hedberg YS, Erfani B, Matura M, Lidén C. Chromium(III) release from chromium-tanned leather elicits allergic contact dermatitis: a use test study. Contact Dermatitis 2018; 78:307-314. [PMID: 29322530 PMCID: PMC5901407 DOI: 10.1111/cod.12946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Revised: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Background Chromium (Cr) is a common skin sensitizer. The use of Cr(VI) in leather is restricted in the EU, but that of Cr(III) is not. Objectives To assess whether prolonged exposure to Cr‐tanned leather with mainly Cr(III) release may elicit allergic contact dermatitis in Cr‐allergic individuals. Method Ten Cr‐allergic subjects and 22 controls were patch tested with serial dilutions of Cr(III) and Cr(VI), and with leather samples. They then conducted a use test with a Cr‐tanned and a Cr‐free leather bracelet over a period of 3 weeks, for 12 h per day. Cr deposited on the skin from the bracelets was measured in the controls, and the diphenylcarbazide test for Cr(VI) and extraction tests for Cr(III) and Cr(VI) were conducted for the different leathers. Results Four of 10 Cr‐allergic subjects developed positive reactions to the Cr‐tanned bracelet within 7–21 days, whereas only 1 of 10 had a positive patch test reaction to this leather. Cr released from the Cr‐tanned leather was most probably entirely Cr(III), with a quantifiable amount being deposited on the skin. Conclusions This study strongly suggests that prolonged and repeated exposure to Cr‐tanned leather with mainly Cr(III) release is capable of eliciting allergic contact dermatitis in Cr‐allergic individuals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yolanda S Hedberg
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Chemistry and Division of Surface and Corrosion Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, 100 44, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Behnaz Erfani
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mihály Matura
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden.,Unit of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Stockholm County Council, 171 76, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Carola Lidén
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Hedberg YS, Hedberg JF, Isaksson S, Mei N, Blomberg E, Wold S, Odnevall Wallinder I. Nanoparticles of WC-Co, WC, Co and Cu of relevance for traffic wear particles - Particle stability and reactivity in synthetic surface water and influence of humic matter. Environ Pollut 2017; 224:275-288. [PMID: 28196769 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Revised: 02/01/2017] [Accepted: 02/02/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Studded tyres made of tungsten carbide cobalt (WC-Co) are in the Northern countries commonly used during the winter time. Tungsten (W)-containing nano- and micron-sized particles have been detected close to busy roads in several European countries. Other typical traffic wear particles consist of copper (Cu). The aims of this study were to investigate particle stability and transformation/dissolution properties of nanoparticles (NPs) of WC-Co compared with NPs of tungsten carbide (WC), cobalt (Co), and Cu. Their physicochemical characteristics (primarily surface oxide and charge) are compared with their extent of sedimentation and metal release in synthetic surface water (SW) with and without two different model organic molecules, 2,3- and 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid (DHBA) mimicking certain sorption sites of humic substances, for time periods up to 22 days. The WC-Co NPs possessed a higher electrochemical and chemical reactivity in SW with and without DHBA molecules as compared with NPs of WC, Co, and Cu. Co was completely released from the WC-Co NPs within a few hours of exposure, although it remained adsorbed/bonded to the particle surface and enabled the adsorption of negatively charged DHBA molecules, in contrast with the WC NPs (no adsorption of DHBA). The DHBA molecules were found to rapidly adsorb on the Co and Cu NPs. The sedimentation of the WC and WC-Co NPs was not influenced by the presence of the 2,3- or 3,4-DHBA molecules. A slight influence (slower sedimentation) was observed for the Co NPs, and a strong influence (slower sedimentation) was observed for the Cu NPs in SW with 2,3-DHBA compared with SW alone. The extent of metal release increased in the order: WC < Cu < Co < WC-Co NPs. All NPs released more than 1 wt-% of their metal total mass. The release from the Cu NPs was most influenced by the presence of DHBA molecules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yolanda S Hedberg
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Division of Surface and Corrosion Science, Sweden; Unit of Work Environment Toxicology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden.
| | - Jonas F Hedberg
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Division of Surface and Corrosion Science, Sweden.
| | - Sara Isaksson
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Division of Surface and Corrosion Science, Sweden.
| | - Nanxuan Mei
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Division of Surface and Corrosion Science, Sweden.
| | - Eva Blomberg
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Division of Surface and Corrosion Science, Sweden; SP Technical Research Institute of Sweden, Chemistry, Materials and Surfaces, Sweden.
| | - Susanna Wold
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Applied Physical Chemistry, Sweden.
| | - Inger Odnevall Wallinder
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Division of Surface and Corrosion Science, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Hedberg YS, Lidén C. Chromium(III) and chromium(VI) release from leather during 8 months of simulated use. Contact Dermatitis 2016; 75:82-8. [PMID: 27144948 PMCID: PMC5084788 DOI: 10.1111/cod.12581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2015] [Revised: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 02/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chromium (Cr) release from Cr-tanned leather articles is a major cause of Cr contact dermatitis. It has been suggested that Cr(VI) release from leather is not necessarily an intrinsic property of the leather, but is strongly dependent on environmental conditions. OBJECTIVES To test this hypothesis for long-term (8 months) simulated use. MATERIALS AND METHODS The release of total Cr and Cr(VI) from Cr-tanned, unfinished leather was analysed in subsequent phosphate buffer (pH 8.0) immersions for a period of 7.5 months. The effect of combined ultraviolet treatment and alkaline solution (pH 12.1) was tested. Dry storage [20% relative humidity (RH)] was maintained between immersions. Atomic absorption spectroscopy, X-ray fluorescence and diphenylcarbazide tests were used. RESULTS Cr(VI) release was dependent on previous dry storage or alkaline treatment, but not on duration or number of previous immersions. Cr(III) release decreased with time. Fifty-two percent of the total Cr released during the last immersion period was Cr(VI). Cr(VI) release exceeded 9 mg/kg in all immersion periods except in the first 10-day immersion (2.6 mg/kg). CONCLUSIONS Cr(VI) release is primarily determined by environmental factors (RH prior to immersion, solution pH, and antioxidant content). The RH should be kept low prior to testing Cr(VI) release from leather.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yolanda S Hedberg
- Division of Surface and Corrosion Science, Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 100 44, Stockholm, Sweden.,Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Carola Lidén
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Affiliation(s)
- Yolanda S Hedberg
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Hedberg YS, Lidén C, Odnevall Wallinder I. Chromium released from leather - I: exposure conditions that govern the release of chromium(III) and chromium(VI). Contact Dermatitis 2015; 72:206-15. [PMID: 25653094 PMCID: PMC4415597 DOI: 10.1111/cod.12329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2014] [Revised: 11/14/2014] [Accepted: 11/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Background Approximately 1–3% of the adult population in Europe is allergic to chromium (Cr). A new restriction in REACH (Registration, Evaluation, Authorization and Restriction of Chemicals) based on the ISO 17075 standard has recently been adopted in the EU to limit Cr(VI) in consumer and occupational leather products. Objectives The aim of this study was to critically assess key experimental parameters in this standard on the release of Cr(III) and Cr(VI) and their relevance for skin exposure. Material and methods Four differently tanned, unfinished, leather samples were systematically investigated for their release of Cr(III) and Cr(VI) in relation to surface area, key exposure parameters, temperature, ultraviolet irradiation, and time. Results Although the total release of Cr was largely unaffected by all investigated parameters, except exposure duration and temperature, the Cr oxidation state was highly dynamic, with reduced amounts of released Cr(VI) with time, owing to the simultaneous release of reducing agents from the leather. Significantly more Cr(III) than Cr(VI) was released from the Cr-tanned leather for all conditions tested, and it continued to be released in artificial sweat up to at least 1 week of exposure. Conclusions Several parameters were identified that influenced the outcome of the ISO 17075 test.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yolanda S Hedberg
- Unit of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Nobels väg 13, Box 210, SE-17177, Stockholm, Sweden; Division of Surface and Corrosion Science, Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Drottning Kristinas väg 51, SE-10044, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Mathiason F, Lidén C, Hedberg YS. Chromium released from leather - II: the importance of environmental parameters. Contact Dermatitis 2015; 72:275-85. [PMID: 25630767 PMCID: PMC4964937 DOI: 10.1111/cod.12334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2014] [Revised: 11/17/2014] [Accepted: 11/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Approximately 1-3% of the adult population in Europe are allergic to chromium (Cr). A new restriction in Registration, Evaluation, Authorization and Restriction of Chemicals (REACH) based on the ISO 17075 standard has recently been adopted in the EU to limit Cr(VI) in consumer and occupational leather products to < 3 mg/kg. OBJECTIVES To investigate the influence of storage conditions [relative humidity, temperature, ultraviolet (UV) irradiation, and duration] on Cr release, and to assess several parameters relevant for occupational exposure (repeated exposure, wear, alkaline solutions, and sequential wet and dry exposures). MATERIAL AND METHODS A leather of relevance for work gloves was investigated for its release of Cr(III) and Cr(VI) under these different experimental conditions. RESULTS Relative humidity (water content in leather) during storage prior to Cr extraction was the single most important parameter. Cr(VI) levels could vary from non-detectable to levels significantly exceeding the restriction limit, depending on the relative humidity. Leather contact with alkaline solution and UV irradiation during storage could increase the Cr(VI) levels in subsequent extractions. CONCLUSIONS The amount of Cr(VI) in leather is not an intrinsic property, but is influenced by environmental conditions of relevance for occupations and skin exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Frederik Mathiason
- Division of Surface and Corrosion Science, Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Drottning Kristinas väg 51, SE-10044, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Hedberg YS, Goidanich S, Herting G, Wallinder IO. Surface-rain interactions: differences in copper runoff for copper sheet of different inclination, orientation, and atmospheric exposure conditions. Environ Pollut 2015; 196:363-370. [PMID: 25463734 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2014.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2014] [Revised: 11/04/2014] [Accepted: 11/08/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Predictions of the diffuse dispersion of metals from outdoor constructions such as roofs and facades are necessary for environmental risk assessment and management. An existing predictive model has been compared with measured data of copper runoff from copper sheets exposed at four different inclinations facing four orientations at two different urban sites (Stockholm, Sweden, and Milan, Italy) during a 4-year period. Its applicability has also been investigated for copper sheet exposed at two marine sites(Cadiz, Spain, for 5 years, and Brest, France, for 9 years). Generally the model can be used for all given conditions. However, vertical surfaces should be considered as surfaces inclined 60-80 due to wind driven effects. The most important parameters that influence copper runoff, and not already included in the model, are the wind and rain characteristics that influence the actual rainfall volume impinging the surface of interest.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yolanda S Hedberg
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Dept. Chemistry, Div. Surface and Corrosion Science, Sweden.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Hedberg YS, Lidén C, Odnevall Wallinder I. Correlation between bulk- and surface chemistry of Cr-tanned leather and the release of Cr(III) and Cr(VI). J Hazard Mater 2014; 280:654-661. [PMID: 25222930 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2014.08.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2014] [Revised: 06/04/2014] [Accepted: 08/28/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
About 1-3% of the adult general population in Europe is allergic to chromium (Cr). The assessment of the potential release of Cr(III) and Cr(VI) from leather is hence important from a human health and environmental risk perspective. The Cr(VI) content in leather was recently restricted in the European Union. The aim of this study was to assess possible correlations between the bulk and surface chemistry of leather, released Cr(III) and Cr(VI), and capacities of co-released leather specific species to reduce and complex released Cr. Four differently tanned leathers were characterized by scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy, and the diphenylcarbazide colorimetric method. Their characteristics were compared with results on Cr(III) and Cr(VI) release into artificial sweat (ASW, pH<6.5) and phosphate buffer (PB, pH 7.5-8.0), measured by means of spectrophotometry and atomic absorption spectroscopy. Co-released leather-specific species were shown to reduce Cr(VI), both in ASW and in PB. Their reduction capacities correlated with findings of the surface content of Cr and of released Cr. Leather samples without this capacity, and with less aromatic surface groups visible by ATR-FTIR, revealed Cr(VI) both at the surface and in solution (PB).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yolanda S Hedberg
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Division of Surface and Corrosion Science, SE-10044 Stockholm, Sweden; Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Box 210, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Carola Lidén
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Box 210, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Inger Odnevall Wallinder
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Division of Surface and Corrosion Science, SE-10044 Stockholm, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Hedberg YS, Gumulka M, Lind ML, Matura M, Lidén C. Severe occupational chromium allergy despite cement legislation. Contact Dermatitis 2014; 70:321-3. [DOI: 10.1111/cod.12203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2013] [Revised: 12/11/2013] [Accepted: 12/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yolanda S. Hedberg
- Institute of Environmental Medicine; Karolinska Institutet; SE-171 77 Stockholm Sweden
- Division of Surface and Corrosion Science, Department of Chemistry; KTH Royal Institute of Technology; SE-100 44 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Martin Gumulka
- Unit of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology; Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Stockholm County Council; SE-171 76 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Marie-Louise Lind
- Institute of Environmental Medicine; Karolinska Institutet; SE-171 77 Stockholm Sweden
- Unit of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology; Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Stockholm County Council; SE-171 76 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Mihály Matura
- Unit of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology; Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Stockholm County Council; SE-171 76 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Carola Lidén
- Institute of Environmental Medicine; Karolinska Institutet; SE-171 77 Stockholm Sweden
- Unit of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology; Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Stockholm County Council; SE-171 76 Stockholm Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Hedberg YS, Qian B, Shen Z, Virtanen S, Wallinder IO. In vitro biocompatibility of CoCrMo dental alloys fabricated by selective laser melting. Dent Mater 2014; 30:525-34. [PMID: 24598762 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2014.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2013] [Revised: 01/13/2014] [Accepted: 02/12/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Selective laser melting (SLM) is increasingly used for the fabrication of customized dental components made of metal alloys such as CoCrMo. The main aim of the present study is to elucidate the influence of the non-equilibrium microstructure obtained by SLM on corrosion susceptibility and extent of metal release (measure of biocompatibility). METHODS A multi-analytical approach has been employed by combining microscopic and bulk compositional tools with electrochemical techniques and chemical analyses of metals in biologically relevant fluids for three differently SLM fabricated CoCrMo alloys and one cast CoCrMo alloy used for comparison. RESULTS Rapid cooling and strong temperature gradients during laser melting resulted in the formation of a fine cellular structure with cell boundaries enriched in Mo (Co depleted), and suppression of carbide precipitation and formation of a martensitic ɛ (hcp) phase at the surface. These features were shown to decrease the corrosion and metal release susceptibility of the SLM alloys compared with the cast alloy. Unique textures formed in the pattern of the melting pools of the three different laser melted CoCrMo alloys predominantly explain observed small, though significant, differences. The susceptibility for corrosion and metal release increased with an increased number (area) of laser melt pool boundaries. SIGNIFICANCE This study shows that integrative and interdisciplinary studies of microstructural characteristics, corrosion, and metal release are essential to assess and consider during the design and fabrication of CoCrMo dental components of optimal biocompatibility. The reason is that the extent of metal release from CoCrMo is dependent on fabrication procedures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yolanda S Hedberg
- Institute of Surface Science and Corrosion, Department of Materials Science and Engineering 4, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Martensstrasse 7, 91058 Erlangen, Germany; KTH Royal Institute of Technology, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Division of Surface and Corrosion Science, Drottning Kristinas väg 51, 10044 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Bin Qian
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Zhijian Shen
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sannakaisa Virtanen
- Institute of Surface Science and Corrosion, Department of Materials Science and Engineering 4, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Martensstrasse 7, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Inger Odnevall Wallinder
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Division of Surface and Corrosion Science, Drottning Kristinas väg 51, 10044 Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Hedberg YS, Hedberg JF, Herting G, Goidanich S, Odnevall Wallinder I. Critical review: Copper runoff from outdoor copper surfaces at atmospheric conditions. Environ Sci Technol 2014; 48:1372-1381. [PMID: 24359256 DOI: 10.1021/es404410s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
This review on copper runoff dispersed from unsheltered naturally patinated copper used for roofing and facades summarizes and discusses influencing factors, available literature, and predictive models, and the importance of fate and speciation for environmental risk assessment. Copper runoff from outdoor surfaces is predominantly governed by electrochemical and chemical reactions and is highly dependent on given exposure conditions (size, inclination, geometry, degree of sheltering, and orientation), surface parameters (age, patina composition, and thickness), and site-specific environmental conditions (gaseous pollutants, chlorides, rainfall characteristics (amount, intensity, pH), wind direction, temperature, time of wetness, season). The corrosion rate cannot be used to assess the runoff rate. The extent of released copper varies largely between different rain events and is related to dry and wet periods, dry deposition prior to the rain event and prevailing rain and patina characteristics. Interpretation and use of copper runoff data for environmental risk assessment and management need therefore to consider site-specific factors and focus on average data of long-term studies (several years). Risk assessments require furthermore that changes in copper speciation, bioavailability aspects, and potential irreversible retention on solid surfaces are considered, factors that determine the environmental fate of copper runoff from outdoor surfaces.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yolanda S Hedberg
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology , Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Division of Surface and Corrosion Science, Drottning Kristinas väg 51, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Hedberg YS, Killian MS, Blomberg E, Virtanen S, Schmuki P, Odnevall Wallinder I. Interaction of bovine serum albumin and lysozyme with stainless steel studied by time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Langmuir 2012; 28:16306-17. [PMID: 23116183 DOI: 10.1021/la3039279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
An in-depth mechanistic understanding of the interaction between stainless steel surfaces and proteins is essential from a corrosion and protein-induced metal release perspective when stainless steel is used in surgical implants and in food applications. The interaction between lysozyme (LSZ) from chicken egg white and bovine serum albumin (BSA) and AISI 316L stainless steel surfaces was studied ex situ by means of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) after different adsorption time periods (0.5, 24, and 168 h). The effect of XPS measurements, storage (aging), sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), and elevated temperature (up to 200 °C) on the protein layers, as well as changes in surface oxide composition, were investigated. Both BSA and LSZ adsorption induced an enrichment of chromium in the oxide layer. BSA induced significant changes to the entire oxide, while LSZ only induced a depletion of iron at the utmost layer. SDS was not able to remove preadsorbed proteins completely, despite its high concentration and relatively long treatment time (up to 36.5 h), but induced partial denaturation of the protein coatings. High-temperature treatment (200 °C) and XPS exposure (X-ray irradiation and/or photoelectron emission) induced significant denaturation of both proteins. The heating treatment up to 200 °C removed some proteins, far from all. Amino acid fragment intensities determined from ToF-SIMS are discussed in terms of significant differences with adsorption time, between the proteins, and between freshly adsorbed and aged samples. Stainless steel-protein interactions were shown to be strong and protein-dependent. The findings assist in the understanding of previous studies of metal release and surface changes upon exposure to similar protein solutions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yolanda S Hedberg
- Institute for Surface Science and Corrosion, Department of Materials Science and Engineering 4, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Martensstrasse 7, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|