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Jen CK, Lu KC, Chen KW, Lu YR, Huang IT, Huang YC, Huang CJ. Oral Dexmedetomidine Achieves Superior Effects in Mitigating Emergence Agitation and Demonstrates Comparable Sedative Effects to Oral Midazolam for Pediatric Premedication: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Studies. J Clin Med 2024; 13:1174. [PMID: 38398486 PMCID: PMC10889161 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13041174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Oral midazolam is the most commonly used sedative premedication agent in pediatric patients. While effective, oral midazolam cannot reduce the incidence of emergence agitation. Oral dexmedetomidine may be effective in providing satisfactory sedation and reduce the incidence of emergence agitation, although the results of different randomized controlled trials are conflicting. Methods: This study enrolled randomized controlled trials (RCTs) examining premedication with oral dexmedetomidine versus oral midazolam in pediatric patients undergoing general anesthesia. PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Embase, and the Web of Science database were searched from their inception until June 2023. The outcomes were the incidence of satisfactory preoperative sedation, satisfactory sedation during separation from parents, satisfactory sedation during anesthesia induction using an anesthesia mask, and the incidence of emergence agitation. Results: A total of 9 RCTs comprising 885 patients were analyzed. Our data revealed comparable effects of dexmedetomidine and midazolam with respect to satisfactory preoperative sedation and a satisfactory incidence of sedation during parental separation and mask acceptance before anesthesia induction. Notably, our data revealed that the rate of emergence agitation was significantly lower in pediatric patients receiving dexmedetomidine (n = 162) than in those receiving midazolam (n = 159) (odds ratio = 0.16; 95% confidence interval: 0.06 to 0.44; p < 0.001; I2 = 35%). Conclusions: Data from this meta-analysis revealed comparable effects for premedication with oral dexmedetomidine or oral midazolam with respect to satisfactory sedation; furthermore, premedication with oral dexmedetomidine more effectively mitigated emergence agitation in pediatric patients receiving general anesthesia compared with oral midazolam.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Kai Jen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, 111, Sec. 3, Xinglong Rd., Wenshan Dist., Taipei 116, Taiwan; (C.-K.J.); (K.-C.L.); (K.-W.C.); (Y.-R.L.)
- Integrative Research Center for Critical Care, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 116, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Ching Lu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, 111, Sec. 3, Xinglong Rd., Wenshan Dist., Taipei 116, Taiwan; (C.-K.J.); (K.-C.L.); (K.-W.C.); (Y.-R.L.)
- Department of Anesthesiology, Binkun Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Taoyuan 324, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Wen Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, 111, Sec. 3, Xinglong Rd., Wenshan Dist., Taipei 116, Taiwan; (C.-K.J.); (K.-C.L.); (K.-W.C.); (Y.-R.L.)
- Integrative Research Center for Critical Care, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 116, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Ru Lu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, 111, Sec. 3, Xinglong Rd., Wenshan Dist., Taipei 116, Taiwan; (C.-K.J.); (K.-C.L.); (K.-W.C.); (Y.-R.L.)
- Integrative Research Center for Critical Care, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 116, Taiwan
| | - I-Tao Huang
- Emergency Department, Redcliffe Hospital, Redcliffe, QLD 4020, Australia;
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia
| | - Yu-Chen Huang
- Department of Dermatology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 116, Taiwan;
- Research Center of Big Data and Meta-Analysis, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 116, Taiwan
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 116, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 116, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Jen Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, 111, Sec. 3, Xinglong Rd., Wenshan Dist., Taipei 116, Taiwan; (C.-K.J.); (K.-C.L.); (K.-W.C.); (Y.-R.L.)
- Integrative Research Center for Critical Care, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 116, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 116, Taiwan
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 116, Taiwan
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Wang HY, Qiu L, Ou CY, Lin ZQ, Huang ZD, Chen P, Ma Q, Lu YR, Ran H, Liu WB. An observational study on the safety of COVID-19 vaccination in patients with myasthenia gravis. Neurol Sci 2023:10.1007/s10072-023-06811-y. [PMID: 37160544 PMCID: PMC10166684 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-023-06811-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE There is concern that the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) vaccine may trigger or worsen autoimmune diseases. The objective of this study was to determine the impacts of COVID-19 vaccination on symptom severity in patients with myasthenia gravis (MG). METHODS A total of 106 enrolled patients with MG who were vaccinated against COVID-19 were followed up, and a questionnaire was used to document in detail the exacerbation of muscle weakness after vaccination and all other uncomfortable reactions after vaccination. Demographic, clinical characteristics, medication, and vaccination data were collected by follow-up interview. The main observation outcome was whether the MG symptoms of patients were exacerbated. The definition of exacerbation is according to the subjective feeling of the patient or a 2-point increase in daily life myasthenia gravis activity score relative to before vaccination, within 30 days after vaccination. RESULTS Of 106 enrolled patients [median age (SD) 41.0 years, 38 (35.8%) men, 53 (50.0%) with generalized MG, 74 (69.8%) positive for acetylcholine receptor antibody, and 21 (19.8%) with accompanying thymoma], muscle weakness symptoms were stable in 102 (96.2%) patients before vaccine inoculation. Muscle weakness worsened in 10 (9.4%) people after vaccination, of which 8 patients reported slight symptom worsening that resolved quickly (within a few days). Two (1.9%) of patients showed serious symptom aggravation that required hospitalization. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that inactivated virus vaccines against COVID-19 may be safe for patients with MG whose condition is stable. Patients with generalized MG may be more likely to develop increased muscle weakness after vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Y Wang
- Department of Neurology, National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - L Qiu
- Department of Neurology, National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - C Y Ou
- Department of Neurology, National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Z Q Lin
- Department of Neurology, National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Z D Huang
- Department of Neurology, National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - P Chen
- Department of Neurology, National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Q Ma
- Department of Neurology, National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Y R Lu
- Department of Neurology, National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - H Ran
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - W B Liu
- Department of Neurology, National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
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Lu YR, Wu TH, Jeng Y, Lee WY, Hsu WC, Yen AMF, Pan SL, Chen YC, Chen SLS, Chen HH, Liou HH. The impact of active community-based survey on dementia detection ratio in Taiwan: A cohort study with historical control. Front Public Health 2023; 10:1005252. [PMID: 36684977 PMCID: PMC9859413 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1005252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Although early dementia detection is crucial to optimize the treatment outcomes and the management of associated symptoms, the published literature is scarce regarding the effectiveness of active screening protocols in enhancing dementia awareness and increasing the rate of early detection. The present study compared the detection ratio of an active community-based survey for dementia detection with the detection ratio of passive screening during routine clinical practice. Data for passive screening were obtained from the National Health Insurance (NHI) system, which was prospectively collected during the period from 2000 to 2003. Design A population-based cohort study with historical control. Setting Taiwan. Participants A total of 183 participants aged 65 years or older were involved in a community-based survey. Data from 1,921,308 subjects aged 65 years or older were retrieved from the NHI system. Measurements An adjusted detection ratio, defined as a ratio of dementia prevalence to incidence was used. Results The results showed that the dementia prevalence during the 2000-2003 period was 2.91% in the elderly population, compared with a prevalence of 6.59% when the active survey was conducted. The incidence of dementia in the active survey cohort was 1.83%. Overall, the dementia detection ratio was higher using active surveys [4.23, 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.68-6.69] than using passive detection (1.45, 95% CI: 1.43-1.47) for those aged 65-79 years. Similar findings were observed for those aged 80 years and older. Conclusion The implementation of an active community-based survey led to a 3-fold increase in the detection rate of early dementia detection compared to passive screening during routine practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Ru Lu
- Department of Neurology, China Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tzy-Haw Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yachung Jeng
- School of Oral Hygiene, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Yuan Lee
- Department of Neurosurgey, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chih Hsu
- Department of Neurology, Shin Kong Memorial Wu Ho-Su Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Amy Ming-Fang Yen
- School of Oral Hygiene, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shin-Liang Pan
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Ching Chen
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sam Li-Sheng Chen
- School of Oral Hygiene, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu-Hsi Chen
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Horng-Huei Liou
- Department of Neurology and Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Yunlin, Taiwan,*Correspondence: Horng-Huei Liou ✉
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Chen KW, Jen CK, Lu YR, Huang IT, Chao PW, Huang CJ. Letter to the Editor: Peri-Operative Severe Hypothermia Is an Independent Risk Factor of Post-Operative Surgical Site Infection in Abdominal Surgery: A Meta-Analysis Study. Surg Infect (Larchmt) 2022; 23:941-942. [PMID: 35980369 DOI: 10.1089/sur.2022.239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kuan-Wen Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Integrative Research Center for Critical Care, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Kai Jen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Integrative Research Center for Critical Care, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Ru Lu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Integrative Research Center for Critical Care, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - I-Tao Huang
- Emergency Department, Redcliffe Hospital, Radcliffe, Queensland, Australia.,School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Pei-Wen Chao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Integrative Research Center for Critical Care, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Jen Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Integrative Research Center for Critical Care, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei,Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei,Taiwan
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Lu YR, Yeoh SR, Jen CK, Chen KW, Huang IT, Liao SF, Chang CW, Huang CJ. Intraoperative hemodynamic stability in peripheral nerve block patients undergoing diabetic foot surgery. Clin Auton Res 2022; 32:527-529. [PMID: 36098826 DOI: 10.1007/s10286-022-00891-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Ru Lu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, 111, Sec. 3, Xinglong Rd., Wenshan Dist, Taipei, 116, Taiwan.,Integrative Research Center for Critical Care, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, 111, Sec. 3, Xinglong Rd., Wenshan Dist, Taipei, 116, Taiwan
| | - Shang-Ru Yeoh
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, 111, Sec. 3, Xinglong Rd., Wenshan Dist, Taipei, 116, Taiwan.,Integrative Research Center for Critical Care, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, 111, Sec. 3, Xinglong Rd., Wenshan Dist, Taipei, 116, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Kai Jen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, 111, Sec. 3, Xinglong Rd., Wenshan Dist, Taipei, 116, Taiwan.,Integrative Research Center for Critical Care, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, 111, Sec. 3, Xinglong Rd., Wenshan Dist, Taipei, 116, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Wen Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, 111, Sec. 3, Xinglong Rd., Wenshan Dist, Taipei, 116, Taiwan.,Integrative Research Center for Critical Care, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, 111, Sec. 3, Xinglong Rd., Wenshan Dist, Taipei, 116, Taiwan
| | - I-Tao Huang
- Emergency Department, Redcliffe Hospital, Anzac Avenue, Redcliffe, QLD, 4020, Australia.,School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, 288 Herston Rd, Herston, QLD, 4006, Australia
| | - Shu-Fen Liao
- Department of Medical Research, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, 111, Sec. 3, Xinglong Rd., Wenshan Dist, Taipei, 116, Taiwan.,School of Public Health, College of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, 250, Wu-Hsing St., Xinyi Dist, Taipei, 110, Taiwan
| | - Chiung-Wen Chang
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, 111, Sec. 3, Xinglong Rd., Wenshan Dist, Taipei, 116, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Jun Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, 111, Sec. 3, Xinglong Rd., Wenshan Dist, Taipei, 116, Taiwan. .,Integrative Research Center for Critical Care, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, 111, Sec. 3, Xinglong Rd., Wenshan Dist, Taipei, 116, Taiwan. .,Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250, Wu-Hsing St., Xinyi Dist, Taipei, 110, Taiwan. .,Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250, Wu-Hsing St., Xinyi Dist, Taipei, 110, Taiwan.
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Yang WH, Lu YR, Qiu L, Ou CY, Lin ZZ, Huang ZD, Liu WB. [Analysis of clinical characteristics and related genetic variation of juvenile myasthenia gravis]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2022; 102:1445-1449. [PMID: 35599409 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20210904-02019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the clinical characteristics and related genetic variation of juvenile myasthenia gravis (MG) patients. Methods: We collected the clinical data of adolescent MG patients who were treated in the Department of Neurology of the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University from June 2019 to May 2020. After obtaining the patient's informed consent, the blood samples were collected. The Whole Exome Sequencing (WES) was performed on peripheral blood samples. And use biological information software and SPSS 22.0 for data processing and result analysis. Results: According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 54 patients with juvenile MG were included, 28 males and 26 females. And the average age of onset was (3.79±0.89) years. Among the enrolled patients, there were 52 (96.3%) patients with ocular MG, the MG-ADL scores of 54 patients were (3.44±0.44) points, and the titer of AChR antibody was (5.88±2.45) nmol/L. Two patients had thymic hyperplasia, and 5 patients had a family history of MG.A total of 169 variant genes were found in 54 patients, of which TTN gene variants had the largest number, with a total of 17 variants (31.5%). In the TTN gene variant group, 7(41.2%) patients had eye fixation symptoms, and 4 (10.8%) patients in the non-mutation group had eye fixation symptoms. And The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P=0.016). In addition, the synaptic nucleus envelope protein-1 (SYNE1) and the ryanodine receptor-1 (RYR1) gene variations were also found in 7 cases (13.2%), and no clear relationship between these gene variations and clinical manifestations of MG was found. Conclusions: The incidence of juvenile MG was preschoolers with no gender difference, and ocular MG was more common. The proportion of TTN gene variation in adolescent MG was higher, suggesting that this gene may be a potential therapeutic target for juvenile MG patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- W H Yang
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University;Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Neurological Diseases, National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Y R Lu
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University;Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Neurological Diseases, National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - L Qiu
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University;Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Neurological Diseases, National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - C Y Ou
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University;Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Neurological Diseases, National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Z Z Lin
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University;Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Neurological Diseases, National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Z D Huang
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University;Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Neurological Diseases, National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - W B Liu
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University;Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Neurological Diseases, National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, Guangzhou 510080, China
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Chen PC, Lu YR, Kang YN, Chang CC. The Accuracy of Artificial Intelligence in the Endoscopic Diagnosis of Early Gastric Cancer: Pooled Analysis Study. J Med Internet Res 2022; 24:e27694. [PMID: 35576561 PMCID: PMC9152716 DOI: 10.2196/27694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Artificial intelligence (AI) for gastric cancer diagnosis has been discussed in recent years. The role of AI in early gastric cancer is more important than in advanced gastric cancer since early gastric cancer is not easily identified in clinical practice. However, to our knowledge, past syntheses appear to have limited focus on the populations with early gastric cancer. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study is to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of AI in the diagnosis of early gastric cancer from endoscopic images. METHODS We conducted a systematic review from database inception to June 2020 of all studies assessing the performance of AI in the endoscopic diagnosis of early gastric cancer. Studies not concerning early gastric cancer were excluded. The outcome of interest was the diagnostic accuracy (comprising sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy) of AI systems. Study quality was assessed on the basis of the revised Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies. Meta-analysis was primarily based on a bivariate mixed-effects model. A summary receiver operating curve and a hierarchical summary receiver operating curve were constructed, and the area under the curve was computed. RESULTS We analyzed 12 retrospective case control studies (n=11,685) in which AI identified early gastric cancer from endoscopic images. The pooled sensitivity and specificity of AI for early gastric cancer diagnosis were 0.86 (95% CI 0.75-0.92) and 0.90 (95% CI 0.84-0.93), respectively. The area under the curve was 0.94. Sensitivity analysis of studies using support vector machines and narrow-band imaging demonstrated more consistent results. CONCLUSIONS For early gastric cancer, to our knowledge, this was the first synthesis study on the use of endoscopic images in AI in diagnosis. AI may support the diagnosis of early gastric cancer. However, the collocation of imaging techniques and optimal algorithms remain unclear. Competing models of AI for the diagnosis of early gastric cancer are worthy of future investigation. TRIAL REGISTRATION PROSPERO CRD42020193223; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=193223.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Chin Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of General Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Ru Lu
- Department of General Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Anesthesiology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-No Kang
- Evidence-Based Medicine Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Health Behaviors and Community Sciences, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Cochrane Taiwan, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Health Care Management, College of Health Technology, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Chao Chang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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Lu YR, Yu L, Ma Q, Chen P, Qiu L, Ou CY, Lin ZZ, Liu WB. [Clinical characteristics and outcomes of myasthenia gravis patients with double positive antibodies against acetylcholine receptor and muscle-specific tyrosine kinase]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2022; 102:942-947. [PMID: 35385966 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20210912-02076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the clinical manifestations, treatment characteristics and outcomes of myasthenia gravis (MG) dually positive for anti-acetylcholine receptor antibody (AChR-Ab) and anti-muscle-specific tyrosine kinase antibody (MuSK-Ab). Method: MG patients hospitalized in the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University from August 2017 to November 2020 were retrospectively collected. Thirty-four MuSK-Ab positive MG (MuSK-MG) patients, 11 double-antibodies positive MG (DP-MG) patients, and 80 AChR-Ab positive MG (AChR-MG) patients were included and allocated to three different groups. The clinical data of patients in the three groups were collected, and the differences of demographic characteristics, clinical manifestations and treatment outcomes between DP-MG patients and AChR-MG and MuSK-MG patients were analyzed. Result: The proportion of female and male patients in DP-MG group was 7/11 and 4/11 respectively, and the onset age of DP-MG was (41±27) years.The difference in gender distribution between DP-MG and AChR-MG groups was statistically significant (P<0.05). The proportion of extraocular muscle involvement in the DP-MG and MuSK-MG groups (8/11 and 52.9%) was lower than that in the AChR-MG group (83.8%), and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The incidence of myasthenia crisis in DP-MG and MuSK-MG groups (54.5% and 61.8%) were higher than that in AChR-MG group (20.0%), with astatistically significant difference(P<0.05). The positive rate of neostigmine test in DP-MG and MuSK-MG groups(8/11 and 74.2%) were lower than that of AChR-MG group (96.8%), and the positive rate of low frequency repetitive nerve stimulation (RNS) in DP-MG group (5/10) was lower than that in AChR-MG group (85.1%), with statistically significant differences (all P<0.05). MuSK-Ab titer was positively correlated with the course of disease (r=0.466, P<0.05), and antibody titer decreased after symptom improvement (P<0.05). The response of patients in DP-MG and MuSK-MG groups to cholinesterase inhibitors (2/11 and 9.1%) was worse than that in the AChR-MG group (66.3%), and the incidence of side effects in the two groups (5/11 and 39.4%) was higher than that in the AChR-MG group (15.0%), with statistically significant differences (all P<0.05). There were 4 DP-MG patients underwent thymectomy, and the pathological results detected two cases of thymoma and two cases of thymic hyperplasia. Subsequent follow-up showed that 5 (5/11) DP-MG patients achieved minimal manifestation status or better status. Conclusion: The gender distribution, age of onset, pharmacological characteristics and electrophysiological examination of DP-MG patients were similar to those of MuSK-MG patients, but the severity of DP-MG patients was between that of AChR-MG and MuSK-MG patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y R Lu
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Neurological Diseases, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - L Yu
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Neurological Diseases, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Q Ma
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Neurological Diseases, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - P Chen
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Neurological Diseases, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - L Qiu
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Neurological Diseases, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - C Y Ou
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Neurological Diseases, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Z Z Lin
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Neurological Diseases, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - W B Liu
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Neurological Diseases, Guangzhou 510080, China
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9
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Kuo CY, Lu YR, Yang SM. On the Image Sensor Processing for Lane Detection and Control in Vehicle Lane Keeping Systems. Sensors (Basel) 2019; 19:s19071665. [PMID: 30965566 PMCID: PMC6479783 DOI: 10.3390/s19071665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Lane keeping systems for a keeping a vehicle in the desired lane is key to advanced driving assistance system in autonomous vehicles. This paper presents a cost-effective image sensor with efficient processing algorithm for lane detection and lane control applications to autonomous delivery systems. The algorithm includes (1) lane detection by inverse perspective mapping and random sample consensus parabola fitting and (2) lane control by pure pursuit steering controller and classical proportional integral speed controller based on a nonholonomic kinematic model. The image sensor experiments conducted on a 1/10 scale model car maneuvering in a straight⁻curve⁻straight lane validate the better processing performance before, during, and after the turning section over previous work. The image sensor with the processing algorithm achieves the average lane detection error within 5% and maximum cross-track error within 9% in real-time. The development shall pave the way to cost-effective autonomous delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Y Kuo
- International Program on Energy Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan.
| | - Y R Lu
- International Program on Energy Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan.
| | - S M Yang
- International Program on Energy Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan.
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10
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Lu YR, Li SC, Wang WW, Yin ZH, Wang GK. [Diagnosis and treatment of plasma cell granuloma in nasal cavity and sinus]. Zhonghua Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2018; 53:385-386. [PMID: 29764022 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-0860.2018.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Y R Lu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China (studying in Graduate Department of Jinzhou Medical University Based in Henan Province People's Hospital)
| | - S C Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - W W Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Z H Yin
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - G K Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China
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11
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Wen M, Jin LL, Wang HY, Wang Z, Shen BF, Lu YR, Chen JE, Yan XQ. Determination of carrier-envelope phase of relativistic few-cycle laser pulses by Thomson backscattering spectroscopy. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2012; 85:035401. [PMID: 22587142 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.85.035401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
A method is proposed to determine the carrier-envelope phase (CEP) of a relativistic few-cycle laser pulse via the frequency of the Thomson backscattering (TBS) light. We theoretically investigate the generation of a flying mirror when a few-cycle drive pulse with relativistic intensity interacts with a target combined with a thin and a thick foil. The frequency of the TBS light generated from the flying mirror shows a sensitive dependence on the CEP of the drive pulse. The obtained results are verified by one-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations and are explained by an analytical model.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Center for Applied Physics and Technology (CAPT), Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
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12
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Wang HY, Lin C, Sheng ZM, Liu B, Zhao S, Guo ZY, Lu YR, He XT, Chen JE, Yan XQ. Laser shaping of a relativistic intense, short Gaussian pulse by a plasma lens. Phys Rev Lett 2011; 107:265002. [PMID: 22243161 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.107.265002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
By 3D particle-in-cell simulation and analysis, we propose a plasma lens to make high intensity, high contrast laser pulses with a steep front. When an intense, short Gaussian laser pulse of circular polarization propagates in near-critical plasma, it drives strong currents of relativistic electrons which magnetize the plasma. Three pulse shaping effects are synchronously observed when the laser passes through the plasma lens. The laser intensity is increased by more than 1 order of magnitude while the initial Gaussian profile undergoes self-modulation longitudinally and develops a steep front. Meanwhile, a nonrelativistic prepulse can be absorbed by the overcritical plasma lens, which can improve the laser contrast without affecting laser shaping of the main pulse. If the plasma skin length is properly chosen and kept fixed, the plasma lens can be used for varied laser intensity above 10(19) W/cm(2).
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Affiliation(s)
- H Y Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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13
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Ren HT, Peng SX, Zhang M, Zhou QF, Song ZZ, Yuan ZX, Lu PN, Xu R, Zhao J, Yu JX, Lu YR, Guo ZY, Chen JE. The deuteron injector progress of the Peking University Neutron Imaging Facility project. Rev Sci Instrum 2010; 81:02B714. [PMID: 20192454 DOI: 10.1063/1.3273078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
A deuteron radio frequency quadrupoles injector h has been developed at Peking University. A permanent magnetic electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) ion source is used in the injector system. A 50 keV 100 mA proton beam has been extracted from the ECR ion source and the measured normalized rms emittance is 0.11-0.14pi mm mrad. A deuteron beam has also been extracted at 50 kV with 83 mA total current and its emittance is less than 0.18pi mm mrad. The proton beam transmission has been investigated on a low energy beam transport test bench, and up to 93% transmission can be reached. The new injector with two solenoids has been designed and is being constructed. All the development results will be presented in this paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- H T Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Institute of Heavy Ion Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
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14
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Zhang M, Peng SX, Ren HT, Song ZZ, Yuan ZX, Zhou QF, Lu PN, Xu R, Zhao J, Yu JX, Chen JE, Guo ZY, Lu YR. Upgrade of the extraction system of permanent magnet electron cyclotron resonance ion source. Rev Sci Instrum 2010; 81:02B715. [PMID: 20192455 DOI: 10.1063/1.3277213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
A set of new ion extraction electrodes have been designed for the permanent magnetic electron cyclotron resonance ion source at Peking University to improve beam quality and transmission. PBGUNS has been used to optimize the extraction electrodes and simulate the beam behavior at the extraction region. The experiments showed that with the new system, the beam half divergence angle can be less than 40 mrad and the normalized rms emittance is about 0.13pi mm mrad when the extracted current is 100 mA at 50 keV in pulse mode. The voltage of the suppression electrode has great effect on beam divergence. The effect of the microwave power and gas flow is also studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology and Institute of Heavy Ion Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
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15
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Abstract
A major concern in pig-to-human xenotransplantations is the potential risk of transmission of Porcine endogenous retroviruses (PERVs) integrated in the pig genome. Our previous work has shown that PERV provirus genes and gag protein can be detected in human embryonic kidney HEK-293 cells during a long-term infection with PERV (Yu et al., Transplant. Proc. 37, 496-499, 2005). In this study, we continued studying the long-term (>6 months) PERV infection of HEK-293 cells. The results showed no significant differences in morphology, growth, apoptosis, and [(3)H]-thymidine incorporation between PERV-infected and uninfected cells. The PERV LTR sequence showed only an insignifcant mutation after the long-term infection. PERV infection had no effect on the transcription of genes of Human endogenous retrovirus (HERV) naturally occurring in HEK-293 cells. Summing up, this study indicated that a long-term PERV infection of HEK-293 cells in vitro does not result in any significant changes in host cells as well as in PERV LTR sequence.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Yu
- Laboratory of Cell and Gene Therapy, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 P.R. China
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16
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Gao K, Lu YR, Wei LL, Lu XF, Li SF, Wan L, Li YP, Cheng JQ. Immortalization of mesenchymal stem cells from bone marrow of rhesus monkey by transfection with human telomerase reverse transcriptase gene. Transplant Proc 2008; 40:634-7. [PMID: 18374149 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2008.01.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Our previous experiments indicated that bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells of rhesus monkey (RhBMSCs) have a low proliferative ability with a finite life span, which will hamper their application in biomedical research. Establishing an immortalized RhBMSC lineage might solve the problem. METHODS RhBMSCs isolated from the bone marrow of rhesus monkeys using density gradient centrifugation were purified using adherence separation. Then, the cells were steadily transfected by plasmid containing human telomerase reverse transcriptase gene (pCI-neo-hTERT). We analyzed expression of hTERT, proliferation, phenotype (SH-2, SH-3, SB-10, CD29, CD34, CD45, and HLA-DR), differentiation toward osteogenic lineage, karyotype, and tumorigenesis of transfected cells. RESULTS After transfection, the RhBMSCs proliferated vigorously, undergoing more than 50 population doublings (PDs). Apoptotic rate of transfected RhBMSCs at PD40 was only 4.5%, versus untransfected RhBMSCs at PD15, which was more than 33.5%. Compared with normal RhBMSC, the life span of transfected RhBMSCs was prolonged, retaining similar morphology, karyotype, and potential to differentiate into an osteogenic lineage. More than 99% of transfected RhBMSCs were positive for stem cell markers, including SH-2, SH-3, SB-10, and CD29, and negative for CD34, CD45, and HLA-DR. Furthermore, the transfected cell line was benign in nude mice tumor formation. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrated that hTERT gene had been transfected into RhBMSCs. The transfected RhBMSCs proliferated vigorously. Phenotype, differentiation, and karyotype of transfected RhBMSC showed no significant difference from untransfected cells. The transfected RhBMSCs are a potential cell source for transplantation as well as tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Gao
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, Ministry of Health, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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17
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Yan XQ, Lin C, Sheng ZM, Guo ZY, Liu BC, Lu YR, Fang JX, Chen JE. Generating high-current monoenergetic proton beams by a circularly polarized laser pulse in the phase-stable acceleration regime. Phys Rev Lett 2008; 100:135003. [PMID: 18517963 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.100.135003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2007] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
A new ion acceleration method, namely, phase-stable acceleration, using circularly-polarized laser pulses is proposed. When the initial target density n(0) and thickness D satisfy a(L) approximately (n(0)/n(c))D/lambda(L) and D>l(s) with a(L), lambda(L), l(s), and n(c) the normalized laser amplitude, the laser wavelength in vacuum, the plasma skin depth, and the critical density of the incident laser pulse, respectively, a quasiequilibrium for the electrons is established by the light pressure and the space charge electrostatic field at the interacting front of the laser pulse. The ions within the skin depth of the laser pulse are synchronously accelerated and bunched by the electrostatic field, and thereby a high-intensity monoenergetic proton beam can be generated. The proton dynamics is investigated analytically and the results are verified by one- and two-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Q Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Institute of Heavy Ion Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
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18
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Peng SX, Xu R, Zhao J, Yuan ZX, Zhang M, Song ZZ, Yu JX, Lu YR, Guo ZY. The influence of magnetic field configuration on an electron cyclotron resonance ion source. Rev Sci Instrum 2008; 79:02A310. [PMID: 18315100 DOI: 10.1063/1.2812343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
In an electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) ion source, the magnetic field along the axis of the plasma chamber and extraction system is a key parameter. At Peking University, a new 2.45 GHz ECR ion source (PMECR III), dedicated to proton production, has been developed to investigate the influence of the magnetic field on the gas discharge and beam characteristics. The magnetic configuration is provided by two permanent magnet rings independently tunable along the source axis. Moreover, the beam extraction position changes by moving the whole magnetic system along the source axis and by using different lengths of plasma electrode. A brief description of the source is reported and the magnetic field influence results are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- S X Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China.
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19
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20
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Yu P, Zhang L, Li SF, Cheng JQ, Lu YR, Li YP, Bu H. Transmission of porcine endogenous retrovirus to human cells in nude mouse. Acta Virol 2008; 52:257-260. [PMID: 19143483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Xenotransplantation is associated with the risk of Porcine endogenous retrovirus (PERV) transmission, since it has been shown that PERV can infect human cells in vitro (Specke et al., Virology 285, 177-180, 2001). We evaluated the possibility of PERV infection of human cells in nude mice model. Porcine kidney cells PK15 carrying PERV and human liver cancer cells SMMC-7721 were injected separately into the right and left axilla of nude mice, respectively. Two months later, pig cytochrome oxidase II (COII) gene, PERV DNA, PERV mRNA, and PERV-Gag protein were detected in the mass formed in both axillas and in several organs of nude mice. The pig COII genes were detected in the right and left axilla, but not in other organs of nude mice implicating that the microchimerism of pig cells occurred in human SMMC-7721 cells and induced the formation of the mass. PERV gene and gag protein were detected in all mouse tissues except liver. These data indicated that (i) PERV may be transmitted from porcine to mouse cells, (ii) PERV genes and proteins were detectable in the mass formed by injection of human cells and consequently (iii) there was a possibility of PERV transmission to human cells after xenotransplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Yu
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, Ministry of Health, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 PR China.
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21
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Huang W, Niu H, Gong GH, Lu YR, Li ZS, Li H. Individual and combined effects of physicochemical parameters on ellagitannin acyl hydrolase and ellagic acid production from ellagitannin by Aspergillus oryzae. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2007; 30:281-8. [PMID: 17450459 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-007-0125-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2007] [Accepted: 03/18/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The individual and interactive effects of physicochemical parameters on ellagitannin acyl hydrolase activity and ellagic acid production by Aspergillus oryzae using ellagitannins from acorn fringe of oak as substrate were studied. Ellagitannins concentration, incubation time were identified as important physicochemical parameters influencing the enzyme synthesis and the production accumulation, and the substrate concentration with initial pH was determined to has an interactive effect on the enzyme synthesis, while ellagitannins concentration and initial pH with incubation time were found to have interactions on the production accumulation. Furthermore, the parameters were optimized by quadratic programming. Under optimum condition, the fermentation run lasted 84 h with 4 g L(-1) ellagitannins concentration, yielding 17.7% ellagic acid. However, the maximum enzyme activity was obtained in 96 h with 5 g L(-1) substrate concentration. The research demonstrated a possible way to develop an efficient approach for recovery of higher added-value product (ellagic acid) from forestry byproduct (acorn fringe of oak).
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Affiliation(s)
- W Huang
- Institute for Nanobiomedical Technology and Membrane Biology, State Key Lab of Biotherapy of Human Diseases, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Chengdu, Gaoxin District 610041, China
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22
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Wang L, Lu XF, Lu YR, Liu J, Gao K, Zeng YZ, Li SF, Li YP, Cheng JQ, Tan WD, Wan L. Immunogenicity and immune modulation of osteogenic differentiated mesenchymal stem cells from Banna minipig inbred line. Transplant Proc 2006; 38:2267-9. [PMID: 16980061 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2006.06.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) represent a good choice for cell transplantation due to their multilineage differentiation ability and low immunogenicity. Our previous in vitro studies indicated that undifferentiated swine MSCs show low immunogenicity suppressing the proliferative responses of human peripheral blood lymphocyte to several antigens. In this study, we investigated the immunogenicity and immune modulation ability of osteogenic differentiated MSCs. SLA class I (P1, P14) was detectable by reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction on both differentiated and undifferentiated MSCs. SLA class II (SLA-DRA, SLA-DQA) was only detectable on differentiated MSCs mixed lymphocyte reaction assays demonstrated that both differentiated and undifferentiated MSCs failed to stimulate proliferative responses by human peripheral blood lymphocytes (hPBLs). Furthermore, as undifferentiated MSCs, osteogenic differentiated MSCs also suppressed hPBL proliferation to phytohemaglutinin.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Wang
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, West China Hospital,West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Guoxuexiang 37, Chengdu 610041, P.R. China
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23
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Yu P, Zhang L, Li SF, Li YP, Cheng JQ, Lu YR, Bu H. Long-term effects on HEK-293 cell line after co-culture with porcine endogenous retrovirus. Transplant Proc 2005; 37:496-9. [PMID: 15808688 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2004.12.296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Xenotransplantation of pig organs, tissues, and cells bears the risk of interspecies transmission of porcine endogenous retrovirus (PERV). To evaluate the long-term effect of PERV infection on human cells, human embryonic kidney cell line HEK-293 cells were co-cultured with PERV produced by the porcine kidney PK15 cell line for 24 hours and the infected HEK-293 cells were continually cultured for 6 months. PERV-gag, pol gene and gag protein were detected in infected HEK-293 cells by PCR and immunofluorescent staining. PERV from the supernatant of infected HEK-293 cells was same as that from PK15 in morphology. The concentration of reverse transcriptase in the supernatant of infected HEK-293 cells was almost 200 times lower than that of PK15 cells. Except that infected HEK-293 cells doubled a little earlier than the control and infected cells grew in serum-free medium poorly, further study for cell morphology and growth showed no significant difference between infected HEK-293 cells and uninfected control. These results suggested although PERV from PK15 could infect human cells in vitro, there was no significant acute effect attributable to PERV infection on the growth of HEK-293 cells by 6 months culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Yu
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, Ministry of Health, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, PR China
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24
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Liu J, Lu XF, Wan L, Li YP, Li SF, Zeng LY, Zeng YZ, Cheng LH, Lu YR, Cheng JQ. Suppression of human peripheral blood lymphocyte proliferation by immortalized mesenchymal stem cells derived from bone marrow of Banna Minipig inbred-line. Transplant Proc 2005; 36:3272-5. [PMID: 15686744 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2004.11.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
This study sought to investigate whether mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) derived from Banna Minipig Inbred-line (BMI-MSC) suppressed human peripheral blood lymphocyte (hPBLs) proliferation in a one-way mixed lymphocyte reaction system. BMI-MSC failed to stimulate proliferative responses by hPBLs, which were activated by allogenic endothelial cells, BMI-PBLs and non-specific mitogenic stimuli. Furthermore, BMI-MSC also suppressed proliferation of hPBLs stimulated by mismatched allogenic, as well as xenogenic PBLs, and the mitogenic stimulus ConA. The suppression occurred in dose-dependent fashion when the ratio of hPBLs to BMI-MSC varied from 1 to 5 fold; fewer, BMI-MSC (0.001 to 0.01 times) showed no obvious suppression. When BMI-MSC were added to hPBLs stimulated for 72 hours, the proliferative suppression was still evident. Addition of anti-FasL or anti-TGF-beta1 antibody attenuated the proliferative suppression, while antibody against IL-10 had no effect on it. Further immunofluorescence analysis demonstrated that FasL and TGF-beta1 constitutively expressed BMI-MSC. These findings suggest that BMI-MSC suppress hPBLs proliferation relying on FasL and TGF-beta1 mediated pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Liu
- Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University
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25
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Shi Y, Shi RB, Liu B, Lu YR. [Studies on antiviral flavonoids in yinqiaosan powder]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 2001; 26:320-3. [PMID: 12528520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the chemical constituents in Yinqiaosan Powder that have antiviral action on influenza. METHOD Isolation of the constituents by different kinds of column chromatography and elucidation of their structures by chemical and spectral methods. RESULTS Seven flavonoids were obtained, and six of them were identified as linarin, acacetin, hesperidin, isoquiritigenin, isoquiritin and hyperoside respectively. CONCLUSION Linarin and acacetin were isolated from Yinqiaosan Powder for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Shi
- School of Chinese Pharmacology, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
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26
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Ding G, Lu YR, Ji CR, Liu YZ. [Analysis of tannins in Fructus Chebulae and its confusion varieties by HPCE]. Yao Xue Xue Bao 2001; 36:292-5. [PMID: 12580059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
Abstract
AIM To analyze the hydrolyzable tannins-chebulinic acid (I) and chebulagic acid(II) in Fructus Chebulae and its confusion varieties by using high performance capillary electrophoresis (HPCE) method. METHODS Using a capillary (375 microns OD x 50 microns ID; 81.5 cm x 61.5 cm) and a power supply set at 24 kV, with phosphate-borate buffer containing 20 mmol.L-1 Na2HPO4-60 mmol.L-1 boric acid and a UV detector at 280 nm, sample solution was loaded in decompression mode at the positive end of the capillary, the loading time was 5 s. RESULTS The linear ranges of I and II were 0.0842-0.842 and 0.842 and 0.0940-0.940 mg.mL-1 respectively, the correlation coefficient were 0.9966 and 0.9957, the average recoveries were 95.6% (RSD = 4.0%, n = 5) and 95.0% (RSD = 4.4%, n = 5), the RSDs (n = 5) of measurement precision test were 2.2% and 1.7%, the RSDs (n = 6) of reproduction test were 5.4% and 4.0% respectively. The contents of I and II were obviously interrelated with the variety and characteristics of Fructus Chebulae, the contents of I and II in the confusion varieties of Fructus Chebulae were very low. CONCLUSION It is suitable to use I and II as the criterion in quality evaluation of Fructus Chebulae, and the HPCE method is effective for quality evaluation of the crude Fructus Chebulae.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Ding
- Department of Phytochemistry, Henan College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450008, China.
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27
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Cai HM, Jin JF, Lu YR. [Blunted growth hormone response to hGRF 1-29 NH2 in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus]. Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi 1992; 31:758-60, 780. [PMID: 1306783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Basal serum growth hormone and response of GH to GRF in 10 patients with noninsulin-dependent diabetes and in 10 control subjects were studied. The basal GH level in NIDDM was higher than that in control subjects. There was a significant difference. After an intravenous bolus of hGRF 1-29 NH2 with the dose of 1 microgram/kg body weight, GH (Peak level-basal level) decreased in NIDDM patients in comparing with control group (P < 0.05). These findings may suggest that the pituitary GH reserve is reduced in patients with NIDDM. There exists some defect in central GH control in diabetics with enhanced somatostatin secretion and abnormal sensitivity of the GH secretion cells to a variety of regulatory factors including GRF, glucose, amino-acids, free fat acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- H M Cai
- Shanghai Institute of Endocrinology, Shanghai Second Medical University
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Kuang AK, Chen JL, Lu YR. [Changes of the sex hormones in female type II diabetics, coronary heart disease, essential hypertension and its relations with kidney deficiency, cardiovascular complications and efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine or qigong treatment]. Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi 1989; 9:331-4, 323. [PMID: 2776274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
In this study 31 normal child-bearing women, 62 postmenopausal women, 93 cases of female type II diabetes (18 child-bearing and 75 postmenopausal cases), 53 cases of coronary heart disease (11 child-bearing and 42 postmenopausal cases) and 38 cases of essential hypertension (8 child-bearing and 30 postmenopausal cases) were investigated. The average score of Kidney deficiency was 22.9-8. 5 before treatment with the combination of TCM and WM. With the treatment of TCM in diabetes and coronary heart disease and of Qigong in essential hypertension, the score decreased to 11.5-4. 4 (P less than 0.001). Serum/saliva estradiol (E2), the ratio of E2 to testosterone (T, E2/T) and progesterone (P) decreased before treatment of TCM or Qigong. After treatment E2 and P value increased; the ovarian endocrine function was improved; the special symptoms of the diseases relieved, fasting blood glucose levels in diabetics, the frequency and severity of angina pectoris in coronary heart disease and the blood pressure in essential hypertension significantly decreased respectively (P less than 0.01). The study suggested that there are certain relations between ovarian endocrine disfunction and Kidney deficiency. The more severe the "Kidney deficiency" was, the more significant the changes of sex hormone were.
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29
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Lu YR. [Salivary estradiol testosterone and progesterone levels in women with normal cycles and in pregnancy]. Zhonghua Fu Chan Ke Za Zhi 1988; 23:334-7, 386. [PMID: 3248423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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30
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Lu YR, Kuang AK, Chen JL, Xu MY, Ding T. Radioimmunoassay of salivary cortisol and its clinical applications. Chin Med J (Engl) 1988; 101:703-9. [PMID: 3150700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
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31
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Xiao YK, Lin P, Lu YR, Cao JX, Huang XZ. [Clinical value of serum CEA measured by the McAb-enzyme immunoassay in cancer patients]. Hua Xi Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao 1987; 18:33-6. [PMID: 3305301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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32
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Lu YR. [Comparison of the gentiopicroside content and preparation of the root of Gentiana scabra collected in different seasons and in different growing years]. Zhong Yao Tong Bao 1986; 11:42-4. [PMID: 2944662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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33
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Lu YR. [Radioimmunoassay of aldosterone in saliva and its preliminary clinical use]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 1986; 66:6-9. [PMID: 3091218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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34
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Lu YR. [Diagnosis and treatment of pituitary prolactinoma]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 1983; 63:730-3. [PMID: 6426742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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35
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Lu YR. [Clinical application of TRH and metoclopramide (MCP) stimulating tests for prolactin]. Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi 1983; 22:598-601. [PMID: 6425022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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