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Ng AN, Salter EW, Georgiou J, Bortolotto ZA, Collingridge GL. Amyloid-β 1-42 oligomers enhance mGlu 5R-dependent synaptic weakening via NMDAR activation and complement C5aR1 signaling. iScience 2023; 26:108412. [PMID: 38053635 PMCID: PMC10694656 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Synaptic weakening and loss are well-correlated with the pathology of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Oligomeric amyloid beta (oAβ) is considered a major synaptotoxic trigger for AD. Recent studies have implicated hyperactivation of the complement cascade as the driving force for loss of synapses caused by oAβ. However, the initial synaptic cues that trigger pathological complement activity remain elusive. Here, we examined a form of synaptic long-term depression (LTD) mediated by metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) that is disrupted in rodent models of AD. Exogenous application of oAβ (1-42) to mouse hippocampal slices enhanced the magnitude of mGlu subtype 5 receptor (mGlu5R)-dependent LTD. We found that the enhanced synaptic weakening occurred via both N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) and complement C5aR1 signaling. Our findings reveal a mechanistic interaction between mGlu5R, NMDARs, and the complement system in aberrant synaptic weakening induced by oAβ, which could represent an early trigger of synaptic loss and degeneration in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai Na Ng
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Biomedical Sciences Building, University Walk, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Eric W. Salter
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Sinai Health System, 600 University Avenue, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - John Georgiou
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Sinai Health System, 600 University Avenue, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Toronto, Krembil Discovery Tower, 60 Leonard Avenue, Toronto, ON M5T 0S8, Canada
| | - Zuner A. Bortolotto
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Biomedical Sciences Building, University Walk, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Graham L. Collingridge
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Biomedical Sciences Building, University Walk, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Sinai Health System, 600 University Avenue, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Toronto, Krembil Discovery Tower, 60 Leonard Avenue, Toronto, ON M5T 0S8, Canada
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2
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Lee Y, Bortolotto ZA, Bradley CA, Sanderson TM, Zhuo M, Kaang BK, Collingridge GL. The GSK-3 Inhibitor CT99021 Enhances the Acquisition of Spatial Learning and the Accuracy of Spatial Memory. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 14:804130. [PMID: 35153671 PMCID: PMC8829050 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2021.804130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK-3) is a Ser/Thr protein kinase that regulates many cellular processes, including synaptic plasticity. Previously, we reported that inhibition of GSK-3 prevents the induction of one of the major forms of synaptic plasticity, N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR)-dependent long-term depression (LTD), in hippocampal slices. In the present study, we have investigated the effects of inhibiting GSK-3 on learning and memory in healthy naïve animals. Systemic administration of a highly selective GSK-3 inhibitor, CT99021, reversibly blocked NMDAR-dependent LTD in the CA1 region of the hippocampus in anesthetized adult mice. In behavioral tasks, CT99021 had no effect on locomotor activity, anxiety, hippocampus-dependent contextual fear memory, and hippocampus-dependent reversal learning. However, CT99021 facilitated the rate of learning in the Morris water maze (MWM) and T-maze and enhanced the accuracy of long-term spatial memory in the MWM. These findings suggest that GSK-3 regulates the accuracy of spatial memory acquisition and recall.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeseul Lee
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Zuner A. Bortolotto
- Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Clarrisa A. Bradley
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- Neurosciences and Mental Health, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Genes and Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Thomas M. Sanderson
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Min Zhuo
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Bong-Kiun Kaang
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Bong-Kiun Kaang,
| | - Graham L. Collingridge
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Graham L. Collingridge,
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3
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France G, Volianskis R, Ingram R, Bannister N, Rothärmel R, Irvine MW, Fang G, Burnell ES, Sapkota K, Costa BM, Chopra DA, Dravid SM, Michael-Titus AT, Monaghan DT, Georgiou J, Bortolotto ZA, Jane DE, Collingridge GL, Volianskis A. Differential regulation of STP, LTP and LTD by structurally diverse NMDA receptor subunit-specific positive allosteric modulators. Neuropharmacology 2022; 202:108840. [PMID: 34678377 PMCID: PMC8803579 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2021.108840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Different types of memory are thought to rely on different types of synaptic plasticity, many of which depend on the activation of the N-Methyl-D Aspartate (NMDA) subtype of glutamate receptors. Accordingly, there is considerable interest in the possibility of using positive allosteric modulators (PAMs) of NMDA receptors (NMDARs) as cognitive enhancers. Here we firstly review the evidence that NMDA receptor-dependent forms of synaptic plasticity: short-term potentiation (STP), long-term potentiation (LTP) and long-term depression (LTD) can be pharmacologically differentiated by using NMDAR ligands. These observations suggest that PAMs of NMDAR function, depending on their subtype selectivity, might differentially regulate STP, LTP and LTD. To test this hypothesis, we secondly performed experiments in rodent hippocampal slices with UBP714 (a GluN2A/2B preferring PAM), CIQ (a GluN2C/D selective PAM) and UBP709 (a pan-PAM that potentiates all GluN2 subunits). We report here, for the first time, that: (i) UBP714 potentiates sub-maximal LTP and reduces LTD; (ii) CIQ potentiates STP without affecting LTP; (iii) UBP709 enhances LTD and decreases LTP. We conclude that PAMs can differentially regulate distinct forms of NMDAR-dependent synaptic plasticity due to their subtype selectivity. This article is part of the Neuropharmacology Special Issue on ‘Glutamate Receptors – NMDA receptors’. NMDAR-dependent STP, LTP and LTD can be dissociated pharmacologically GluN2A/2B PAM UBP714 potentiates LTP and reduces LTD GluN2C/D PAM CIQ potentiates STP without affecting LTP NMDAR pan-PAM UBP709 potentiates LTD and reduces LTP
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Affiliation(s)
- G France
- Schools of Clinical Sciences and Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - R Volianskis
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - R Ingram
- Centre for Neuroscience, Surgery and Trauma, Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, UK
| | - N Bannister
- Schools of Clinical Sciences and Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - R Rothärmel
- Schools of Clinical Sciences and Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - M W Irvine
- Schools of Clinical Sciences and Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - G Fang
- Schools of Clinical Sciences and Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - E S Burnell
- Schools of Clinical Sciences and Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK; University of Exeter, St Luke's Campus, Heavitree Road, Exeter, UK
| | - K Sapkota
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - B M Costa
- Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine, Blacksburg, VA, USA & Center for One Health Research, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - D A Chopra
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - S M Dravid
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - A T Michael-Titus
- Centre for Neuroscience, Surgery and Trauma, Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, UK
| | - D T Monaghan
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - J Georgiou
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Z A Bortolotto
- Schools of Clinical Sciences and Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - D E Jane
- Schools of Clinical Sciences and Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - G L Collingridge
- Schools of Clinical Sciences and Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK; Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON, Canada; TANZ Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - A Volianskis
- Schools of Clinical Sciences and Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK; Centre for Neuroscience, Surgery and Trauma, Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, UK; School of Biosciences, Museum Avenue, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3AX, UK.
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4
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Eapen AV, Fernández-Fernández D, Georgiou J, Bortolotto ZA, Lightman S, Jane DE, Volianskis A, Collingridge GL. Multiple roles of GluN2D-containing NMDA receptors in short-term potentiation and long-term potentiation in mouse hippocampal slices. Neuropharmacology 2021; 201:108833. [PMID: 34637787 PMCID: PMC8607330 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2021.108833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The GluN2 subunits of N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) are key drivers of synaptic plasticity in the brain, where the particular GluN2 composition endows the NMDAR complex with distinct pharmacological and physiological properties. Compared to GluN2A and GluN2B subunits, far less is known about the role of the GluN2D subunit in synaptic plasticity. In this study, we have used a GluN2C/2D selective competitive antagonist, UBP145, in combination with a GluN2D global knockout (GluN2D KO) mouse line to study the contribution of GluN2D-containing NMDARs to short-term potentiation (STP) and long-term potentiation (LTP) in the CA1 region of mouse hippocampal slices. We made several distinct observations: First, GluN2D KO mice have higher levels of LTP compared to wild-type (WT) mice, an effect that was occluded by blockade of GABA receptor-mediated inhibition or by using a strong LTP induction protocol. Second, UBP145 partially inhibited LTP in WT but not GluN2D KO mice. Third, UBP145 inhibited a component of STP, termed STP2, in WT but not GluN2D KO mice. Taken together, these findings suggest an involvement for GluN2D-containing NMDARs in both STP and LTP in mouse hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alen V Eapen
- Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK; Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | - Diego Fernández-Fernández
- Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - John Georgiou
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Zuner A Bortolotto
- Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | | | - David E Jane
- Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Arturas Volianskis
- Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK; Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK; Centre for Neuroscience, Surgery and Trauma, Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, UK
| | - Graham L Collingridge
- Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK; Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; TANZ Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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5
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Van Den Herrewegen Y, Sanderson TM, Sahu S, De Bundel D, Bortolotto ZA, Smolders I. Side-by-side comparison of the effects of Gq- and Gi-DREADD-mediated astrocyte modulation on intracellular calcium dynamics and synaptic plasticity in the hippocampal CA1. Mol Brain 2021; 14:144. [PMID: 34544455 PMCID: PMC8451082 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-021-00856-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Astrocytes express a plethora of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) that are crucial for shaping synaptic activity. Upon GPCR activation, astrocytes can respond with transient variations in intracellular Ca2+. In addition, Ca2+-dependent and/or Ca2+-independent release of gliotransmitters can occur, allowing them to engage in bidirectional neuron-astrocyte communication. The development of designer receptors exclusively activated by designer drugs (DREADDs) has facilitated many new discoveries on the roles of astrocytes in both physiological and pathological conditions. They are an excellent tool, as they can target endogenous GPCR-mediated intracellular signal transduction pathways specifically in astrocytes. With increasing interest and accumulating research on this topic, several discrepancies on astrocytic Ca2+ signalling and astrocyte-mediated effects on synaptic plasticity have emerged, preventing a clear-cut consensus about the downstream effects of DREADDs in astrocytes. In the present study, we performed a side-by-side evaluation of the effects of bath application of the DREADD agonist, clozapine-N-oxide (10 µM), on Gq- and Gi-DREADD activation in mouse CA1 hippocampal astrocytes. In doing so, we aimed to avoid confounding factors, such as differences in experimental procedures, and to directly compare the actions of both DREADDs on astrocytic intracellular Ca2+ dynamics and synaptic plasticity in acute hippocampal slices. We used an adeno-associated viral vector approach to transduce dorsal hippocampi of male, 8-week-old C57BL6/J mice, to drive expression of either the Gq-DREADD or Gi-DREADD in CA1 astrocytes. A viral vector lacking the DREADD construct was used to generate controls. Here, we show that agonism of Gq-DREADDs, but not Gi-DREADDs, induced consistent increases in spontaneous astrocytic Ca2+ events. Moreover, we demonstrate that both Gq-DREADD as well as Gi-DREADD-mediated activation of CA1 astrocytes induces long-lasting synaptic potentiation in the hippocampal CA1 Schaffer collateral pathway in the absence of a high frequency stimulus. Moreover, we report for the first time that astrocytic Gi-DREADD activation is sufficient to elicit de novo potentiation. Our data demonstrate that activation of either Gq or Gi pathways drives synaptic potentiation through Ca2+-dependent and Ca2+-independent mechanisms, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yana Van Den Herrewegen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Drug Analysis and Drug Information, Research Group Experimental Pharmacology, Center for Neurosciences (C4N), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Thomas M Sanderson
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Tankard's Cl, University Walk, BS8 1TD, Bristol, UK
| | - Surajit Sahu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Drug Analysis and Drug Information, Research Group Experimental Pharmacology, Center for Neurosciences (C4N), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Dimitri De Bundel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Drug Analysis and Drug Information, Research Group Experimental Pharmacology, Center for Neurosciences (C4N), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Zuner A Bortolotto
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Tankard's Cl, University Walk, BS8 1TD, Bristol, UK
| | - Ilse Smolders
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Drug Analysis and Drug Information, Research Group Experimental Pharmacology, Center for Neurosciences (C4N), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090, Brussels, Belgium.
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6
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Park P, Georgiou J, Sanderson TM, Ko KH, Kang H, Kim JI, Bradley CA, Bortolotto ZA, Zhuo M, Kaang BK, Collingridge GL. PKA drives an increase in AMPA receptor unitary conductance during LTP in the hippocampus. Nat Commun 2021; 12:413. [PMID: 33462202 PMCID: PMC7814032 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-20523-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Long-term potentiation (LTP) at hippocampal CA1 synapses can be expressed by an increase either in the number (N) of AMPA (α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionic acid) receptors or in their single channel conductance (γ). Here, we have established how these distinct synaptic processes contribute to the expression of LTP in hippocampal slices obtained from young adult rodents. LTP induced by compressed theta burst stimulation (TBS), with a 10 s inter-episode interval, involves purely an increase in N (LTPN). In contrast, either a spaced TBS, with a 10 min inter-episode interval, or a single TBS, delivered when PKA is activated, results in LTP that is associated with a transient increase in γ (LTPγ), caused by the insertion of calcium-permeable (CP)-AMPA receptors. Activation of CaMKII is necessary and sufficient for LTPN whilst PKA is additionally required for LTPγ. Thus, two mechanistically distinct forms of LTP co-exist at these synapses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pojeong Park
- Glutamate Receptor Group, School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom.,Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea.,Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X5, Canada.,Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - John Georgiou
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X5, Canada
| | - Thomas M Sanderson
- Glutamate Receptor Group, School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom.,Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea.,Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X5, Canada
| | - Kwang-Hee Ko
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Heather Kang
- Glutamate Receptor Group, School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom.,Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea.,Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X5, Canada.,Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Ji-Il Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Clarrisa A Bradley
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea.,Neurosciences and Mental Health, Peter Gilgan Centre for Research and Learning, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Zuner A Bortolotto
- Glutamate Receptor Group, School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Min Zhuo
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea.,Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Bong-Kiun Kaang
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Graham L Collingridge
- Glutamate Receptor Group, School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom. .,Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea. .,Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X5, Canada. .,Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada. .,TANZ Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada.
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7
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Kang H, Park P, Han M, Tidball P, Georgiou J, Bortolotto ZA, Lodge D, Kaang BK, Collingridge GL. (2 S,6 S)- and (2 R,6 R)-hydroxynorketamine inhibit the induction of NMDA receptor-dependent LTP at hippocampal CA1 synapses in mice. Brain Neurosci Adv 2020; 4:2398212820957847. [PMID: 33088919 PMCID: PMC7545754 DOI: 10.1177/2398212820957847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The ketamine metabolite (2R,6R)-hydroxynorketamine has been proposed to have rapid and persistent antidepressant actions in rodents, but its mechanism of action is controversial. We have compared the ability of (R,S)-ketamine with the (2S,6S)- and (2R,6R)-isomers of hydroxynorketamine to affect the induction of N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor-dependent long-term potentiation in the mouse hippocampus. Following pre-incubation of these compounds, we observed a concentration-dependent (1-10 μM) inhibition of long-term potentiation by ketamine and a similar effect of (2S,6S)-hydroxynorketamine. At a concentration of 10 μM, (2R,6R)-hydroxynorketamine also inhibited the induction of long-term potentiation. These findings raise the possibility that inhibition of N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor-mediated synaptic plasticity is a site of action of the hydroxynorketamine metabolites with respect to their rapid and long-lasting antidepressant-like effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather Kang
- Glutamate Receptor Group, School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.,School of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.,Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Pojeong Park
- Glutamate Receptor Group, School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.,School of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.,Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Muchun Han
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Patrick Tidball
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - John Georgiou
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Zuner A Bortolotto
- Glutamate Receptor Group, School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - David Lodge
- Glutamate Receptor Group, School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Bong-Kiun Kaang
- School of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Graham L Collingridge
- Glutamate Receptor Group, School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.,Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,TANZ Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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8
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Abu-Hassan K, Taylor JD, Morris PG, Donati E, Bortolotto ZA, Indiveri G, Paton JFR, Nogaret A. Optimal solid state neurons. Nat Commun 2019; 10:5309. [PMID: 31796727 PMCID: PMC6890780 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-13177-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Bioelectronic medicine is driving the need for neuromorphic microcircuits that integrate raw nervous stimuli and respond identically to biological neurons. However, designing such circuits remains a challenge. Here we estimate the parameters of highly nonlinear conductance models and derive the ab initio equations of intracellular currents and membrane voltages embodied in analog solid-state electronics. By configuring individual ion channels of solid-state neurons with parameters estimated from large-scale assimilation of electrophysiological recordings, we successfully transfer the complete dynamics of hippocampal and respiratory neurons in silico. The solid-state neurons are found to respond nearly identically to biological neurons under stimulation by a wide range of current injection protocols. The optimization of nonlinear models demonstrates a powerful method for programming analog electronic circuits. This approach offers a route for repairing diseased biocircuits and emulating their function with biomedical implants that can adapt to biofeedback.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamal Abu-Hassan
- Department of Physics, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK
| | - Joseph D Taylor
- Department of Physics, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK
| | - Paul G Morris
- Department of Physics, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK.,School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Elisa Donati
- Institute of Neuroinformatics, University of Zürich and ETH Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Zuner A Bortolotto
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Giacomo Indiveri
- Institute of Neuroinformatics, University of Zürich and ETH Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Julian F R Paton
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Grafton, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Alain Nogaret
- Department of Physics, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK.
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9
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Wallach J, Colestock T, Agramunt J, Claydon MDB, Dybek M, Filemban N, Chatha M, Halberstadt AL, Brandt SD, Lodge D, Bortolotto ZA, Adejare A. Pharmacological characterizations of the 'legal high' fluorolintane and isomers. Eur J Pharmacol 2019; 857:172427. [PMID: 31152702 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.172427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Revised: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
1,2-Diarylethylamines represent a class of molecules that have shown potential in the treatment of pain, epilepsy, neurodegenerative disease and depression. Examples include lefetamine, remacemide, and lanicemine. Recently, several 1,2-diarylethylamines including the dissociatives diphenidine, methoxphenidine and ephenidine as well as the opioid MT-45, have appeared as 'research chemicals' or 'legal highs'. Due to their recent emergence little is known about their pharmacology. One of these, 1-[1-(2-fluorophenyl)-2-phenylethyl]pyrrolidine (fluorolintane, 2-F-DPPy), is available for purchase with purported dissociative effects intended to resemble phencyclidine (PCP) and ketamine. To better understand this emerging class, pharmacological investigations were undertaken for the first time on fluorolintane and its five aryl-fluorine-substituted isomers. In vitro binding studies revealed high affinity for N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors with fluorolintane (Ki = 87.92 nM) with lesser affinities for related compounds. Additional affinities were seen for all compounds at several sites including norepinephrine (NET), serotonin (SERT) and dopamine (DAT) transporters, and sigma receptors. Notably high affinities at DAT were observed, which were in most cases greater than NMDA receptor affinities. Additional functional and behavioral experiments show fluorolintane inhibited NMDA receptor-induced field excitatory postsynaptic potentials in rat hippocampal slices and inhibited long-term potentiation induced by theta-burst stimulation in rat hippocampal slices with potencies consistent with its NMDA receptor antagonism. Finally fluorolintane inhibited prepulse inhibition in rats, a measure of sensorimotor gating, with a median effective dose (ED50) of 13.3 mg/kg. These findings are consistent with anecdotal reports of dissociative effects of fluorolintane in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Wallach
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of the Sciences, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Substance Use Disorders Institute, University of the Sciences, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Tristan Colestock
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of the Sciences, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Julià Agramunt
- Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Matt D B Claydon
- Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Dybek
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of the Sciences, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Nadine Filemban
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of the Sciences, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Muhammad Chatha
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Adam L Halberstadt
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Research Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Simon D Brandt
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Byrom Street, Liverpool, L3 3AF, United Kingdom
| | - David Lodge
- Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Zuner A Bortolotto
- Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Adeboye Adejare
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of the Sciences, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of the Sciences, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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10
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Park P, Sanderson TM, Bortolotto ZA, Georgiou J, Zhuo M, Kaang BK, Collingridge GL. Differential sensitivity of three forms of hippocampal synaptic potentiation to depotentiation. Mol Brain 2019; 12:30. [PMID: 30943994 PMCID: PMC6446328 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-019-0451-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Theta-burst stimulation (TBS) induces short-term potentiation (STP) plus two types of transcriptionally-independent forms of long-term potentiation (LTP), termed LTP1 and LTP2. We have compared the susceptibility of these three types of synaptic plasticity to depotentiation, induced by low frequency stimulation (LFS; 2 Hz for 10 min) at the Schaffer collateral-commissural pathway in area CA1 of adult rat hippocampal slices. In interleaved experiments, STP and LTP were induced by three episodes of either compressed or spaced TBS (cTBS or sTBS). LFS had a more pronounced effect on the LTP induced by the cTBS. One traditional interpretation of these results is a difference in the time-dependent immunity against depotentiation. We suggest an alternative explanation: LFS rapidly reverses STP to reveal a slowly developing LTP. The cTBS protocol induces LTP1 that is moderately sensitive to depotentiation. The sTBS induces an additional component of LTP (LTP2) that is resistant to depotentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pojeong Park
- Department of Biological Sciences and Brain and Cognitive Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-746, Korea.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada.,Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1X5, Canada.,Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, School of Physiology and Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Dorothy Hodgkin Building, Whitson Street, Bristol, BS1 3NY, UK
| | - Thomas M Sanderson
- Department of Biological Sciences and Brain and Cognitive Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-746, Korea.,Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1X5, Canada.,Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, School of Physiology and Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Dorothy Hodgkin Building, Whitson Street, Bristol, BS1 3NY, UK
| | - Zuner A Bortolotto
- Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, School of Physiology and Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Dorothy Hodgkin Building, Whitson Street, Bristol, BS1 3NY, UK
| | - John Georgiou
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1X5, Canada
| | - Min Zhuo
- Department of Biological Sciences and Brain and Cognitive Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-746, Korea.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Bong-Kiun Kaang
- Department of Biological Sciences and Brain and Cognitive Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-746, Korea
| | - Graham L Collingridge
- Department of Biological Sciences and Brain and Cognitive Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-746, Korea. .,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada. .,Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1X5, Canada. .,Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, School of Physiology and Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Dorothy Hodgkin Building, Whitson Street, Bristol, BS1 3NY, UK.
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11
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Park P, Kang H, Sanderson TM, Bortolotto ZA, Georgiou J, Zhuo M, Kaang BK, Collingridge GL. On the Role of Calcium-Permeable AMPARs in Long-Term Potentiation and Synaptic Tagging in the Rodent Hippocampus. Front Synaptic Neurosci 2019; 11:4. [PMID: 30923499 PMCID: PMC6426746 DOI: 10.3389/fnsyn.2019.00004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Classically, long-term potentiation (LTP) at hippocampal CA1 synapses is triggered by the synaptic activation of NMDA receptors (NMDARs). More recently, it has been shown that calcium-permeable (CP)-AMPARs can also trigger synaptic plasticity at these synapses. Specifically, their activation is required for the PKA and protein synthesis dependent component of LTP that is typically induced by delivery of spaced trains of high frequency stimulation. Here we present new data that build upon these ideas, including the requirement for low frequency synaptic activation and NMDAR dependence. We also show that a spaced theta burst stimulation (sTBS) protocol induces a heterosynaptic potentiation of baseline responses via activation of CP-AMPARs. Finally, we present data that implicate CP-AMPARs in synaptic tagging and capture, a fundamental process that is associated with the protein synthesis-dependent component of LTP. We have studied how a sTBS can augment the level of LTP generated by a weak TBS (wTBS), delivered 30 min later to an independent input. We show that inhibition of CP-AMPARs during the sTBS eliminates, and that inhibition of CP-AMPARs during the wTBS reduces, this facilitation of LTP. These data suggest that CP-AMPARs are crucial for the protein synthesis-dependent component of LTP and its heterosynaptic nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pojeong Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Heather Kang
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas M Sanderson
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.,Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Zuner A Bortolotto
- Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - John Georgiou
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Min Zhuo
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Bong-Kiun Kaang
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Graham L Collingridge
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
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12
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Park P, Kang H, Sanderson TM, Bortolotto ZA, Georgiou J, Zhuo M, Kaang BK, Collingridge GL. The Role of Calcium-Permeable AMPARs in Long-Term Potentiation at Principal Neurons in the Rodent Hippocampus. Front Synaptic Neurosci 2018; 10:42. [PMID: 30524263 PMCID: PMC6262052 DOI: 10.3389/fnsyn.2018.00042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Long-term potentiation (LTP) at hippocampal CA1 synapses is classically triggered by the synaptic activation of NMDA receptors (NMDARs). More recently, it has been shown that calcium-permeable (CP) AMPA receptors (AMPARs) can also trigger synaptic plasticity at these synapses. Here, we review this literature with a focus on recent evidence that CP-AMPARs are critical for the induction of the protein kinase A (PKA)- and protein synthesis-dependent component of LTP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pojeong Park
- Department of Biological Sciences and Brain and Cognitive Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Heather Kang
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas M Sanderson
- Department of Biological Sciences and Brain and Cognitive Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.,Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Zuner A Bortolotto
- Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - John Georgiou
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Min Zhuo
- Department of Biological Sciences and Brain and Cognitive Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Bong-Kiun Kaang
- Department of Biological Sciences and Brain and Cognitive Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Graham L Collingridge
- Department of Biological Sciences and Brain and Cognitive Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
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13
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Ingram R, Kang H, Lightman S, Jane DE, Bortolotto ZA, Collingridge GL, Lodge D, Volianskis A. Some distorted thoughts about ketamine as a psychedelic and a novel hypothesis based on NMDA receptor-mediated synaptic plasticity. Neuropharmacology 2018; 142:30-40. [PMID: 29885421 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2018.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2018] [Revised: 05/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Ketamine, a channel blocking NMDA receptor antagonist, is used off-label for its psychedelic effects, which may arise from a combination of several inter-related actions. Firstly, reductions of the contribution of NMDA receptors to afferent information from external and internal sensory inputs may distort sensations and their processing in higher brain centres. Secondly, reductions of NMDA receptor-mediated excitation of GABAergic interneurons can result in glutamatergic overactivity. Thirdly, limbic cortical disinhibition may indirectly enhance dopaminergic and serotonergic activity. Fourthly, inhibition of NMDA receptor mediated synaptic plasticity, such as short-term potentiation (STP) and long-term potentiation (LTP), could lead to distorted memories. Here, for the first time, we compared quantitatively the effects of ketamine on STP and LTP. We report that ketamine inhibits STP in a double sigmoidal fashion with low (40 nM) and high (5.6 μM) IC50 values. In contrast, ketamine inhibits LTP in a single sigmoidal manner (IC50 value ∼ 15 μM). A GluN2D-subunit preferring NMDA receptor antagonist, UBP145, has a similar pharmacological profile. We propose that the psychedelic effects of ketamine may involve the inhibition of STP and, potentially, associated forms of working memory. This article is part of the Special Issue entitled 'Psychedelics: New Doors, Altered Perceptions'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachael Ingram
- Centre for Neuroscience and Trauma, Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, UK
| | - Heather Kang
- School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK; Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK; Dept Physiology, University of Toronto and Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | | | - David E Jane
- Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Zuner A Bortolotto
- Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Graham L Collingridge
- Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK; Dept Physiology, University of Toronto and Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - David Lodge
- Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Arturas Volianskis
- Centre for Neuroscience and Trauma, Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, UK; School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
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14
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Lodge D, Watkins JC, Bortolotto ZA, Jane DE, Volianskis A. The 1980s: D-AP5, LTP and a Decade of NMDA Receptor Discoveries. Neurochem Res 2018; 44:516-530. [PMID: 30284673 PMCID: PMC6420420 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-018-2640-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Revised: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
In the 1960s and 70s, biochemical and pharmacological evidence was pointing toward glutamate as a synaptic transmitter at a number of distinct receptor classes, known as NMDA and non-NMDA receptors. The field, however, lacked a potent and highly selective antagonist to block these putative postsynaptic receptors. So, the discoveries in the early 1980s of d-AP5 as a selective NMDA receptor antagonist and of its ability to block synaptic events and plasticity were a major breakthrough leading to an explosion of knowledge about this receptor subtype. During the next 10 years, the role of NMDA receptors was established in synaptic transmission, long-term potentiation, learning and memory, epilepsy, pain, among others. Hints at pharmacological heterogeneity among NMDA receptors were followed by the cloning of separate subunits. The purpose of this review is to recognize the important contributions made in the 1980s by Graham L. Collingridge and other key scientists to the advances in our understanding of the functions of NMDA receptors throughout the central nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Lodge
- Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - J C Watkins
- Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Z A Bortolotto
- Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - D E Jane
- Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - A Volianskis
- School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
- Centre for Neuroscience and Trauma, Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
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15
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Oliveira DR, Luchez CV, Bortolotto ZA, Fernandes JPS. Evaluation of β-Aminocarboxylic Acid Derivatives in Hippocampal Excitatory Synaptic Transmission. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2017; 350. [PMID: 28872703 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.201700179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2017] [Revised: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
β-Aminocarboxylic acid derivatives (LINS04 series) were screened with the aim to explore their potential functional role in excitatory synaptic transmission in the central nervous system. We used field recordings in rat hippocampal slices to investigate the effects of the LINS04 series on the synaptic transmission at hippocampal CA1 synapses. We found that LINS04008 and LINS04009 increase the size of the evoked field excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP) in a dose-dependent manner. The concentration-response curve shows that the efficacy of LINS04008 is highest in the series (EC50 = 91.32 µM; maximum fEPSP 44.97%). The esters LINS04006 and LINS04005 did not affect the synaptic evoked activity. These data provide the first evidence of synaptic activity enhancement by these compounds and the importance of the acidic group to the activity. This set of data may provide direction for a strategic procedure to restore the glutamate synaptic transmission; however, further studies are needed to establish a more complete picture of how these molecules act on the glutamate transmission, which are in our mind for the next steps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela R Oliveira
- Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Cibele V Luchez
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Diadema-SP, Brazil
| | - Zuner A Bortolotto
- Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - João P S Fernandes
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Diadema-SP, Brazil
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16
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Abstract
Mounting evidence suggests that the nervous and immune systems are intricately linked. Many proteins first identified in the immune system have since been detected at synapses, playing different roles in normal and pathological situations. In addition, novel immunological functions are emerging for proteins typically expressed at synapses. Under normal conditions, release of inflammatory mediators generally represents an adaptive and regulated response of the brain to immune signals. On the other hand, when immune challenge becomes prolonged and/or uncontrolled, the consequent inflammatory response leads to maladaptive synaptic plasticity and brain disorders. In this review, we will first provide a summary of the cell signaling pathways in neurons and immune cells. We will then examine how immunological mechanisms might influence synaptic function, and in particular synaptic plasticity, in the healthy and pathological CNS. A better understanding of neuro-immune system interactions in brain circuitries relevant to neuropsychiatric and neurological disorders should provide specific biomarkers to measure the status of the neuroimmunological response and help design novel neuroimmune-targeted therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Nisticò
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133, Rome, Italy. .,Pharmacology of Synaptic Disease Lab, European Brain Research Institute, 00143, Rome, Italy.
| | - Eric Salter
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, and Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Celine Nicolas
- Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, School of Physiology, Pharmacology & Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Marco Feligioni
- Pharmacology of Synaptic Disease Lab, European Brain Research Institute, 00143, Rome, Italy
| | - Dalila Mango
- Pharmacology of Synaptic Disease Lab, European Brain Research Institute, 00143, Rome, Italy
| | - Zuner A Bortolotto
- Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, School of Physiology, Pharmacology & Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Pierre Gressens
- PROTECT, INSERM, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,Centre for the Developing Brain, King's College, St Thomas' Campus, London, UK
| | - Graham L Collingridge
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, and Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, School of Physiology, Pharmacology & Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Stephane Peineau
- Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, School of Physiology, Pharmacology & Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK. .,PROTECT, INSERM, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France. .,INSERM-ERi 24 (GRAP), Centre Universitaire de Recherche en Santé, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France.
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17
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Lopes MW, Leal RB, Guarnieri R, Schwarzbold ML, Hoeller A, Diaz AP, Boos GL, Lin K, Linhares MN, Nunes JC, Quevedo J, Bortolotto ZA, Markowitsch HJ, Lightman SL, Walz R. A single high dose of dexamethasone affects the phosphorylation state of glutamate AMPA receptors in the human limbic system. Transl Psychiatry 2016; 6:e986. [PMID: 27959333 PMCID: PMC5290343 DOI: 10.1038/tp.2016.251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 10/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucocorticoids (GC) released during stress response exert feedforward effects in the whole brain, but particularly in the limbic circuits that modulates cognition, emotion and behavior. GC are the most commonly prescribed anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressant medication worldwide and pharmacological GC treatment has been paralleled by the high incidence of acute and chronic neuropsychiatric side effects, which reinforces the brain sensitivity for GC. Synapses can be bi-directionally modifiable via potentiation (long-term potentiation, LTP) or depotentiation (long-term depression, LTD) of synaptic transmission efficacy, and the phosphorylation state of Ser831 and Ser845 sites, in the GluA1 subunit of the glutamate AMPA receptors, are a critical event for these synaptic neuroplasticity events. Through a quasi-randomized controlled study, we show that a single high dexamethasone dose significantly reduces in a dose-dependent manner the levels of GluA1-Ser831 phosphorylation in the amygdala resected during surgery for temporal lobe epilepsy. This is the first report demonstrating GC effects on key markers of synaptic neuroplasticity in the human limbic system. The results contribute to understanding how GC affects the human brain under physiologic and pharmacologic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- M W Lopes
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Floranópolis, Brazil
| | - R B Leal
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Floranópolis, Brazil,Center for Applied Neuroscience, Hospital Universitário, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - R Guarnieri
- Center for Applied Neuroscience, Hospital Universitário, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil,Epilepsy Center of Santa Catarina, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil,Neurosurgery Unit, Governador Celso Ramos Hospital, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - M L Schwarzbold
- Center for Applied Neuroscience, Hospital Universitário, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil,Department of Internal Medicine, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - A Hoeller
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Floranópolis, Brazil
| | - A P Diaz
- Center for Applied Neuroscience, Hospital Universitário, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil,Department of Internal Medicine, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - G L Boos
- Anesthesiology Division, Hospital Governador Celso Ramos, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - K Lin
- Center for Applied Neuroscience, Hospital Universitário, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil,Epilepsy Center of Santa Catarina, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil,Department of Internal Medicine, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - M N Linhares
- Center for Applied Neuroscience, Hospital Universitário, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil,Neurosurgery Unit, Governador Celso Ramos Hospital, Florianópolis, Brazil,Department of Surgery, HU, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - J C Nunes
- Pathology Division, HU, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - J Quevedo
- Translational Psychiatry Program, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA,Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA,Neuroscience Graduate Program, The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Z A Bortolotto
- Laboratory of Neurosciences, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciúma, Brazil,Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - H J Markowitsch
- Physiological Psychology, University of Bielefeld, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - S L Lightman
- Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK,Henry Wellcome Laboratories for Integrative Neuroscience and Endocrinology, School of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - R Walz
- Center for Applied Neuroscience, Hospital Universitário, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil,Epilepsy Center of Santa Catarina, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil,Department of Internal Medicine, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil,Departamento de Clínica Médica, 3 andar, Hospital Universitário, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis CEP 88.040-970, Brazil. E-mail:
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18
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France G, Fernández-Fernández D, Burnell ES, Irvine MW, Monaghan DT, Jane DE, Bortolotto ZA, Collingridge GL, Volianskis A. Multiple roles of GluN2B-containing NMDA receptors in synaptic plasticity in juvenile hippocampus. Neuropharmacology 2016; 112:76-83. [PMID: 27523302 PMCID: PMC5084684 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2016.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Revised: 08/09/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In the CA1 area of the hippocampus N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) mediate the induction of long-term depression (LTD), short-term potentiation (STP) and long-term potentiation (LTP). All of these forms of synaptic plasticity can be readily studied in juvenile hippocampal slices but the involvement of particular NMDAR subunits in the induction of these different forms of synaptic plasticity is currently unclear. Here, using NVP-AAM077, Ro 25-6981 and UBP145 to target GluN2A-, 2B- and 2D-containing NMDARs respectively, we show that GluN2B-containing NMDARs (GluN2B) are involved in the induction of LTD, STP and LTP in slices prepared from P14 rat hippocampus. A concentration of Ro (1 μM) that selectively blocks GluN2B-containing diheteromers is able to block LTD. It also inhibits a component of STP without affecting LTP. A higher concentration of Ro (10 μM), that also inhibits GluN2A/B triheteromers, blocks LTP. UBP145 selectively inhibits the Ro-sensitive component of STP whereas NVP inhibits LTP. These data are consistent with a role of GluN2B diheretomers in LTD, a role of both GluN2B- and GluN2D- containing NMDARs in STP and a role of GluN2A/B triheteromers in LTP. This article is part of the Special Issue entitled ‘Ionotropic glutamate receptors’. Inhibition of GluN2Bs in P14 is sufficient for blockade of NMDAR-LTD. GluN2A and GluN2D subunits are not required for the induction of LTD. Induction of STP involves GluN2B and GluN2D subunits. Induction of LTP depends on GluN2A/2B triheteromers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace France
- Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Diego Fernández-Fernández
- Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Erica S Burnell
- Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Mark W Irvine
- Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Daniel T Monaghan
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, USA
| | - David E Jane
- Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Zuner A Bortolotto
- Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Graham L Collingridge
- Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK; Dept Physiology, University of Toronto and Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Arturas Volianskis
- Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK; Centre for Neuroscience and Trauma, Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, UK.
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19
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Kang H, Park P, Bortolotto ZA, Brandt SD, Colestock T, Wallach J, Collingridge GL, Lodge D. Ephenidine: A new psychoactive agent with ketamine-like NMDA receptor antagonist properties. Neuropharmacology 2016; 112:144-149. [PMID: 27520396 PMCID: PMC5084681 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2016.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2016] [Revised: 08/03/2016] [Accepted: 08/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
To avoid legislation based on chemical structure, research chemicals, frequently used for recreational purposes, are continually being synthesized. N-Ethyl-1,2-diphenylethanamine (ephenidine) is a diarylethylamine that has recently become popular with recreational users searching for dissociative hallucinogenic effects. In the present study, the pharmacological basis of its neural actions has been investigated, initially by assessing its profile in central nervous system receptor binding assays and subsequently in targeted electrophysiological studies. Ephenidine was a potent inhibitor of 3H-MK-801 binding (Ki: 66 nM), implying that it acts at the PCP site of the N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor. It also showed modest activity at dopamine (379 nM) and noradrenaline (841 nM) transporters and at sigma 1 (629 nM) and sigma 2 (722 nM) binding sites. In experiments of extracellular recording of field excitatory postsynaptic potentials (fEPSPs) from area CA1 of rat hippocampal slices, ephenidine, 1 and 10 μM, respectively, produced a 25% and a near maximal inhibition of the NMDA receptor mediated fEPSP after 4 h superfusion. By contrast, ephenidine (50 μM) did not affect the AMPA receptor mediated fEPSPs. In whole cell patch clamp recordings, from hippocampal pyramidal cells, ephenidine (10 μM) blocked NMDA receptor-mediated EPSCs in a highly voltage-dependent manner. Additionally, ephenidine, 10 μM, blocked the induction of long term potentiation (LTP) in CA1 induced by theta burst stimulation. The present data show that the new psychoactive substance, ephenidine, is a selective NMDA receptor antagonist with a voltage-dependent profile similar to ketamine. Such properties help explain the dissociative, cognitive and hallucinogenic effects in man. This article is part of the Special Issue entitled ‘Ionotropic glutamate receptors’. New ‘legal high’, the dissociative ephenidine, displaces MK-801 binding. Ephenidine, like ketamine, blocks NMDA receptor mediated synaptic potentials and plasticity. Ephenidine, like ketamine, blocks the NMDA receptor in a highly voltage-dependent manner. Ephenidine blocks long-term potentiation, LTP. NMDA receptor antagonism likely underlies the psychoactive effects of ephenidine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather Kang
- Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, School of Clinical Sciences, Dorothy Hodgkin Building, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS1 3NY, UK
| | - Pojeong Park
- Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Dorothy Hodgkin Building, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS1 3NY, UK
| | - Zuner A Bortolotto
- Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Dorothy Hodgkin Building, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS1 3NY, UK
| | - Simon D Brandt
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Byrom Street, Liverpool, L3 3AF, UK
| | - Tristan Colestock
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, Philadelphia College of Pharmacy, University of the Sciences, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jason Wallach
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, Philadelphia College of Pharmacy, University of the Sciences, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Graham L Collingridge
- Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Dorothy Hodgkin Building, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS1 3NY, UK; Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S1A8, Canada; Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X5, Canada
| | - David Lodge
- Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Dorothy Hodgkin Building, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS1 3NY, UK.
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20
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Wallach J, Kang H, Colestock T, Morris H, Bortolotto ZA, Collingridge GL, Lodge D, Halberstadt AL, Brandt SD, Adejare A. Pharmacological Investigations of the Dissociative 'Legal Highs' Diphenidine, Methoxphenidine and Analogues. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0157021. [PMID: 27314670 PMCID: PMC4912077 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0157021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Accepted: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
1,2-Diarylethylamines including lanicemine, lefetamine, and remacemide have clinical relevance in a range of therapeutic areas including pain management, epilepsy, neurodegenerative disease and depression. More recently 1,2-diarylethylamines have been sold as ‘legal highs’ in a number of different forms including powders and tablets. These compounds are sold to circumvent governmental legislation regulating psychoactive drugs. Examples include the opioid MT-45 and the dissociative agents diphenidine (DPH) and 2-methoxy-diphenidine (2-MXP). A number of fatal and non-fatal overdoses have been linked to abuse of these compounds. As with many ‘legal highs’, little is known about their pharmacology. To obtain a better understanding, the effects of DPH, 2-MXP and its 3- and 4-MeO- isomers, and 2-Cl-diphenidine (2-Cl-DPH) were investigated using binding studies at 46 central nervous system receptors including the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR), serotonin, dopamine, norepinephrine, histamine, and sigma receptors as well as the reuptake transporters for serotonin, dopamine and norepinephrine. Reuptake inhibition potencies were measured at serotonin, norepinephrine and dopamine transporters. NMDAR antagonism was established in vitro using NMDAR-induced field excitatory postsynaptic potential (fEPSP) experiments. Finally, DPH and 2-MXP were investigated using tests of pre-pulse inhibition of startle (PPI) in rats to determine whether they reduce sensorimotor gating, an effect observed with known dissociative drugs such as phencyclidine (PCP) and ketamine. The results suggest that these 1,2-diarylethylamines are relatively selective NMDAR antagonists with weak off-target inhibitory effects on dopamine and norepinephrine reuptake. DPH and 2-MXP significantly inhibited PPI. DPH showed greater potency than 2-MXP, acting with a median effective dose (ED50) of 9.5 mg/kg, which is less potent than values reported for other commonly abused dissociative drugs such as PCP and ketamine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Wallach
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, Philadelphia College of Pharmacy, University of the Sciences, Philadelphia Pennsylvania, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Heather Kang
- Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Tristan Colestock
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, Philadelphia College of Pharmacy, University of the Sciences, Philadelphia Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Hamilton Morris
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, Philadelphia College of Pharmacy, University of the Sciences, Philadelphia Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Zuner A. Bortolotto
- Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Graham L. Collingridge
- Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - David Lodge
- Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Adam L. Halberstadt
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States Of America
| | - Simon D. Brandt
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Byrom Street, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Adeboye Adejare
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, Philadelphia College of Pharmacy, University of the Sciences, Philadelphia Pennsylvania, United States of America
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21
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Hoeller AA, Costa APR, Bicca MA, Matheus FC, Lach G, Spiga F, Lightman SL, Walz R, Collingridge GL, Bortolotto ZA, de Lima TCM. The Role of Hippocampal NMDA Receptors in Long-Term Emotional Responses following Muscarinic Receptor Activation. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0147293. [PMID: 26795565 PMCID: PMC4721870 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0147293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Accepted: 01/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Extensive evidence indicates the influence of the cholinergic system on emotional processing. Previous findings provided new insights into the underlying mechanisms of long-term anxiety, showing that rats injected with a single systemic dose of pilocarpine—a muscarinic receptor (mAChR) agonist—displayed persistent anxiogenic-like responses when evaluated in different behavioral tests and time-points (24 h up to 3 months later). Herein, we investigated whether the pilocarpine-induced long-term anxiogenesis modulates the HPA axis function and the putative involvement of NMDA receptors (NMDARs) following mAChRs activation. Accordingly, adult male Wistar rats presented anxiogenic-like behavior in the elevated plus-maze (EPM) after 24 h or 1 month of pilocarpine injection (150 mg/kg, i.p.). In these animals, mAChR activation disrupted HPA axis function inducing a long-term increase of corticosterone release associated with a reduced expression of hippocampal GRs, as well as consistently decreased NMDAR subunits expression. Furthermore, in another group of rats injected with memantine–an NMDARs antagonist (4 mg/kg, i.p.)–prior to pilocarpine, we found inhibition of anxiogenic-like behaviors in the EPM but no further alterations in the pilocarpine-induced NMDARs downregulation. Our data provide evidence that behavioral anxiogenesis induced by mAChR activation effectively yields short- and long-term alterations in hippocampal NMDARs expression associated with impairment of hippocampal inhibitory regulation of HPA axis activity. This is a novel mechanism associated with anxiety-like responses in rats, which comprise a putative target to future translational studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre A. Hoeller
- Postgraduate Program in Medical Sciences, Center of Health Sciences, University Hospital, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, 88040–970, Brazil
- Department of Pharmacology, Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, 88040–970, Brazil
- Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Dorothy Hodgkin Building, Bristol, BS1 3NY, United Kingdom
- * E-mail: (AAH); (TCML)
| | - Ana Paula R. Costa
- Department of Pharmacology, Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, 88040–970, Brazil
| | - Maíra A. Bicca
- Department of Pharmacology, Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, 88040–970, Brazil
| | - Filipe C. Matheus
- Department of Pharmacology, Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, 88040–970, Brazil
| | - Gilliard Lach
- Department of Pharmacology, Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, 88040–970, Brazil
- Institute of Pharmacology, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, 6020, Austria
| | - Francesca Spiga
- Henry Wellcome Laboratories for Integrative Neuroscience and Endocrinology, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Dorothy Hodgkin Building, Bristol, BS1 3NY, United Kingdom
| | - Stafford L. Lightman
- Henry Wellcome Laboratories for Integrative Neuroscience and Endocrinology, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Dorothy Hodgkin Building, Bristol, BS1 3NY, United Kingdom
| | - Roger Walz
- Postgraduate Program in Medical Sciences, Center of Health Sciences, University Hospital, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, 88040–970, Brazil
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Center of Health Sciences, University Hospital, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, 88040–970, Brazil
| | - Graham L. Collingridge
- Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Dorothy Hodgkin Building, Bristol, BS1 3NY, United Kingdom
| | - Zuner A. Bortolotto
- Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Dorothy Hodgkin Building, Bristol, BS1 3NY, United Kingdom
| | - Thereza C. M. de Lima
- Department of Pharmacology, Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, 88040–970, Brazil
- * E-mail: (AAH); (TCML)
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Wallis JL, Irvine MW, Jane DE, Lodge D, Collingridge GL, Bortolotto ZA. An interchangeable role for kainate and metabotropic glutamate receptors in the induction of rat hippocampal mossy fiber long-term potentiation in vivo. Hippocampus 2015; 25:1407-17. [PMID: 25821051 PMCID: PMC4707721 DOI: 10.1002/hipo.22460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The roles of both kainate receptors (KARs) and metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) in mossy fiber long-term potentiation (MF-LTP) have been extensively studied in hippocampal brain slices, but the findings are controversial. In this study, we have addressed the roles of both mGluRs and KARs in MF-LTP in anesthetized rats. We found that MF-LTP could be induced in the presence of either GluK1-selective KAR antagonists or group I mGluR antagonists. However, LTP was inhibited when the group I mGluRs and the GluK1-KARs were simultaneously inhibited. Either mGlu1 or mGlu5 receptor activation is sufficient to induce this form of LTP as selective inhibition of either subtype alone, together with the inhibition of KARs, did not inhibit MF-LTP. These data suggest that mGlu1 receptors, mGlu5 receptors, and GluK1-KARs are all engaged during high-frequency stimulation, and that the activation of any one of these receptors alone is sufficient for the induction of MF-LTP in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- James L Wallis
- Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, School of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Mark W Irvine
- Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, School of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - David E Jane
- Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, School of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - David Lodge
- Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, School of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Graham L Collingridge
- Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, School of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Zuner A Bortolotto
- Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, School of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
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23
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Volianskis A, France G, Jensen MS, Bortolotto ZA, Jane DE, Collingridge GL. Long-term potentiation and the role of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors. Brain Res 2015; 1621:5-16. [PMID: 25619552 PMCID: PMC4563944 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2015.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2014] [Revised: 01/08/2015] [Accepted: 01/09/2015] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) are known for their role in the induction of long-term potentiation (LTP). Here we start by reviewing the early evidence for their role in LTP at CA1 synapses in the hippocampus. We then discuss more recent evidence that NMDAR dependent synaptic plasticity at these synapses can be separated into mechanistically distinct components. An initial phase of the synaptic potentiation, which is generally termed short-term potentiation (STP), decays in an activity-dependent manner and comprises two components that differ in their kinetics and NMDAR subtype dependence. The faster component involves activation of GluN2A and GluN2B subunits whereas the slower component involves activation of GluN2B and GluN2D subunits. The stable phase of potentiation, commonly referred to as LTP, requires activation of primarily triheteromeric NMDARs containing both GluN2A and GluN2B subunits. In new work, we compare STP with a rebound potentiation (RP) that is induced by NMDA application and conclude that they are different phenomena. We also report that NMDAR dependent long-term depression (NMDAR-LTD) is sensitive to a glycine site NMDAR antagonist. We conclude that NMDARs are not synonymous for either LTP or memory. Whilst important for the induction of LTP at many synapses in the CNS, not all forms of LTP require the activation of NMDARs. Furthermore, NMDARs mediate the induction of other forms of synaptic plasticity and are important for synaptic transmission. It is, therefore, not possible to equate NMDARs with LTP though they are intimately linked. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled SI: Brain and Memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arturas Volianskis
- Center for Synaptic Plasticity, School of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Bristol, United Kingdom.
| | - Grace France
- Center for Synaptic Plasticity, School of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Bristol, United Kingdom
| | | | - Zuner A Bortolotto
- Center for Synaptic Plasticity, School of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - David E Jane
- Center for Synaptic Plasticity, School of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Graham L Collingridge
- Center for Synaptic Plasticity, School of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Bristol, United Kingdom.
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24
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Nicolas CS, Amici M, Bortolotto ZA, Doherty A, Csaba Z, Fafouri A, Dournaud P, Gressens P, Collingridge GL, Peineau S. The role of JAK-STAT signaling within the CNS. JAKSTAT 2014; 2:e22925. [PMID: 24058789 PMCID: PMC3670265 DOI: 10.4161/jkst.22925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2012] [Revised: 11/16/2012] [Accepted: 11/16/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
JAK-STAT is an efficient and highly regulated system mainly dedicated to the regulation of gene expression. Primarily identified as functioning in hematopoietic cells, its role has been found critical in all cell types, including neurons. This review will focus on JAK-STAT functions in the mature central nervous system. Our recent research suggests the intriguing possibility of a non-nuclear role of STAT3 during synaptic plasticity. Dysregulation of the JAK-STAT pathway in inflammation, cancer and neurodegenerative diseases positions it at the heart of most brain disorders, highlighting the importance to understand how it can influence the fate and functions of brain cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celine S Nicolas
- MRC Centre for Synaptic Plasticity; School of Physiology and Pharmacology; University of Bristol; Bristol, UK
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Park P, Volianskis A, Sanderson TM, Bortolotto ZA, Jane DE, Zhuo M, Kaang BK, Collingridge GL. NMDA receptor-dependent long-term potentiation comprises a family of temporally overlapping forms of synaptic plasticity that are induced by different patterns of stimulation. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2013; 369:20130131. [PMID: 24298134 PMCID: PMC3843864 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2013.0131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR)-dependent long-term potentiation (LTP) is extensively studied since it is believed to use the same molecular mechanisms that are required for many forms of learning and memory. Unfortunately, many controversies exist, not least the seemingly simple issue concerning the locus of expression of LTP. Here, we review our recent work and some of the extensive literature on this topic and present new data that collectively suggest that LTP can be explained, during its first few hours, by the coexistence of at least three mechanistically distinct processes that are all triggered by the synaptic activation of NMDARs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pojeong Park
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, , Seoul 151-746, South Korea
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26
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Mercier MS, Lodge D, Fang G, Nicolas CS, Collett VJ, Jane DE, Collingridge GL, Bortolotto ZA. Characterisation of an mGlu8 receptor-selective agonist and antagonist in the lateral and medial perforant path inputs to the dentate gyrus. Neuropharmacology 2012; 67:294-303. [PMID: 23220400 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2012.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2012] [Revised: 11/22/2012] [Accepted: 11/23/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Since its characterisation in 2001, the mGlu8-selective agonist DCPG has been widely used to explore the potential functional role of this group III mGlu receptor within the central nervous system. This research has implicated mGlu8 receptors in a number of disease states and conditions such as epilepsy and anxiety, suggesting that mGlu8-selective ligands may hold important therapeutic potential. However, there is evidence that DCPG exerts off-target effects at higher concentrations, limiting its use as an mGlu8-selective agonist. Here, we have used field recordings in rat hippocampal slices to investigate the effects of DCPG in the lateral perforant path (LPP), a pathway known to express high levels of mGlu8. We show that DCPG does inhibit excitatory transmission in this pathway, but produces a biphasic concentration-response curve suggesting activation of two distinct receptor types. The putative mGlu8-selective antagonist MDCPG antagonises the high, but not the low, potency component of this concentration-response curve. In addition, higher concentrations of DCPG also depress excitatory transmission in the medial perforant path (MPP), a pathway expressing very low levels of mGlu8 receptors. Experiments in slices from mice lacking mGlu8 receptors indicate that concentrations of DCPG >1 μM produce large non-selective effects in both the LPP and MPP. Further experiments in slices from mGlu2, 4 and 7 knock-out mice, as well as in an mGlu2-deficient substrain of Wistar rat, reveal that these non-selective effects are mediated primarily by mGlu2 receptors. Taken together, our results confirm the mGlu8-selectivity of DCPG at submicromolar concentrations, but suggest that care must be taken when employing higher concentrations of the agonist, which may additionally activate mGlu2 receptors, especially at synapses where their expression is high. MDCPG may be a useful tool in determining whether observable DCPG effects are attributable to mGlu8, versus mGlu2, receptor activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion S Mercier
- MRC Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, School of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Bristol, Dorothy Hodgkin Building, Bristol BS1 3NY, UK
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27
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Nicolas CS, Peineau S, Amici M, Csaba Z, Fafouri A, Javalet C, Collett VJ, Hildebrandt L, Seaton G, Choi SL, Sim SE, Bradley C, Lee K, Zhuo M, Kaang BK, Gressens P, Dournaud P, Fitzjohn SM, Bortolotto ZA, Cho K, Collingridge GL. The Jak/STAT pathway is involved in synaptic plasticity. Neuron 2012; 73:374-90. [PMID: 22284190 PMCID: PMC3268861 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2011.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/07/2011] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The Janus kinase (JAK)/signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) pathway is involved in many cellular processes, including cell growth and differentiation, immune functions and cancer. It is activated by various cytokines, growth factors, and protein tyrosine kinases (PTKs) and regulates the transcription of many genes. Of the four JAK isoforms and seven STAT isoforms known, JAK2 and STAT3 are highly expressed in the brain where they are present in the postsynaptic density (PSD). Here, we demonstrate a new neuronal function for the JAK/STAT pathway. Using a variety of complementary approaches, we show that the JAK/STAT pathway plays an essential role in the induction of NMDA-receptor dependent long-term depression (NMDAR-LTD) in the hippocampus. Therefore, in addition to established roles in cytokine signaling, the JAK/STAT pathway is involved in synaptic plasticity in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Céline S Nicolas
- MRC Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, School of Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical Sciences Building, University Walk, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
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28
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Collingridge GL, Volianskis A, Bannister N, France G, Hanna L, Mercier M, Tidball P, Fang G, Irvine MW, Costa BM, Monaghan DT, Bortolotto ZA, Molnár E, Lodge D, Jane DE. The NMDA receptor as a target for cognitive enhancement. Neuropharmacology 2012; 64:13-26. [PMID: 22796429 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2012.06.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2012] [Revised: 06/22/2012] [Accepted: 06/24/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
NMDA receptors (NMDARs) play an important role in neural plasticity including long-term potentiation and long-term depression, which are likely to explain their importance for learning and memory. Cognitive decline is a major problem facing an ageing human population, so much so that its reversal has become an important goal for scientific research and pharmaceutical development. Enhancement of NMDAR function is a core strategy toward this goal. In this review we indicate some of the major ways of potentiating NMDAR function by both direct and indirect modulation. There is good evidence that both positive and negative modulation can enhance function suggesting that a subtle approach correcting imbalances in particular clinical situations will be required. Excessive activation and the resultant deleterious effects will need to be carefully avoided. Finally we describe some novel positive allosteric modulators of NMDARs, with some subunit selectivity, and show initial evidence of their ability to affect NMDAR mediated events. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled 'Cognitive Enhancers'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graham L Collingridge
- MRC Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, School of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Bristol, Bristol BS1 3NY, UK.
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29
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Portelli J, Thielemans L, Ver Donck L, Loyens E, Coppens J, Aourz N, Aerssens J, Vermoesen K, Clinckers R, Schallier A, Michotte Y, Moechars D, Collingridge GL, Bortolotto ZA, Smolders I. Inactivation of the constitutively active ghrelin receptor attenuates limbic seizure activity in rodents. Neurotherapeutics 2012; 9:658-72. [PMID: 22669710 PMCID: PMC3441926 DOI: 10.1007/s13311-012-0125-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Ghrelin is a pleiotropic neuropeptide that has been recently implicated in epilepsy. Animal studies performed to date indicate that ghrelin has anticonvulsant properties; however, its mechanism of anticonvulsant action is unknown. Here we show that the anticonvulsant effects of ghrelin are mediated via the growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHSR). To our surprise, however, we found that the GHSR knockout mice had a higher seizure threshold than their wild-type littermates when treated with pilocarpine. Using both in vivo and in vitro models, we further discovered that inverse agonism and desensitization/internalization of the GHSR attenuate limbic seizures in rats and epileptiform activity in hippocampal slices. This constitutes a novel mechanism of anticonvulsant action, whereby an endogenous agonist reduces the activity of a constitutively active receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeanelle Portelli
- Center for Neurosciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Drug Analysis and Drug Information, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Leen Thielemans
- Janssen Research and Development, a Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, 2340 Beerse, Belgium
| | - Luc Ver Donck
- Janssen Research and Development, a Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, 2340 Beerse, Belgium
| | - Ellen Loyens
- Center for Neurosciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Drug Analysis and Drug Information, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jessica Coppens
- Center for Neurosciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Drug Analysis and Drug Information, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Najat Aourz
- Center for Neurosciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Drug Analysis and Drug Information, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jeroen Aerssens
- Janssen Research and Development, a Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, 2340 Beerse, Belgium
| | - Katia Vermoesen
- Center for Neurosciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Drug Analysis and Drug Information, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ralph Clinckers
- Center for Neurosciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Drug Analysis and Drug Information, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Anneleen Schallier
- Center for Neurosciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Drug Analysis and Drug Information, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Yvette Michotte
- Center for Neurosciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Drug Analysis and Drug Information, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Dieder Moechars
- Janssen Research and Development, a Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, 2340 Beerse, Belgium
| | - Graham L. Collingridge
- MRC Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, School of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Bristol, BS8 1TD Bristol, United Kingdom
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, 151-746 Seoul, Gwanakgu Korea
| | - Zuner A. Bortolotto
- MRC Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, School of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Bristol, BS8 1TD Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Ilse Smolders
- Center for Neurosciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Drug Analysis and Drug Information, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
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Sherwood JL, Amici M, Dargan SL, Culley GR, Fitzjohn SM, Jane DE, Collingridge GL, Lodge D, Bortolotto ZA. Differences in kainate receptor involvement in hippocampal mossy fibre long-term potentiation depending on slice orientation. Neurochem Int 2012; 61:482-9. [PMID: 22564530 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2012.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2011] [Revised: 04/11/2012] [Accepted: 04/22/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Long-term potentiation (LTP) is a well-established experimental model used to investigate the synaptic basis of learning and memory. LTP at mossy fibre - CA3 synapses in the hippocampus is unusual because it is normally N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor-independent. Instead it seems that the trigger for mossy fibre LTP involves kainate receptors (KARs). Although it is generally accepted that pre-synaptic KARs play an essential role in frequency facilitation and LTP, their subunit composition remains a matter of significant controversy. We have reported previously that both frequency facilitation and LTP can be blocked by selective antagonism of GluK1 (formerly GluR5/Glu(K5))-containing KARs, but other groups have failed to reproduce this effect. Moreover, data from receptor knockout and mRNA expression studies argue against a major role of GluK1, supporting a more central role for GluK2 (formerly GluR6/Glu(K6)). A potential reason underlying the controversy in the pharmacological experiments may reside in differences in the preparations used. Here we show differences in pharmacological sensitivity of synaptic plasticity at mossy fibre - CA3 synapses depend critically on slice orientation. In transverse slices, LTP of fEPSPs was invariably resistant to GluK1-selective antagonists whereas in parasagittal slices LTP was consistently blocked by GluK1-selective antagonists. In addition, there were pronounced differences in the magnitude of frequency facilitation and the sensitivity to the mGlu2/3 receptor agonist DCG-IV. Using anterograde labelling of granule cells we show that slices of both orientations possess intact mossy fibres and both large and small presynaptic boutons. Transverse slices have denser fibre tracts but a smaller proportion of giant mossy fibre boutons. These results further demonstrate a considerable heterogeneity in the functional properties of the mossy fibre projection.
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Affiliation(s)
- John L Sherwood
- MRC Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, School of Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK.
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31
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Lucas SJ, Bortolotto ZA, Collingridge GL, Lodge D. Selective activation of either mGlu2 or mGlu3 receptors can induce LTD in the amygdala. Neuropharmacology 2012; 66:196-201. [PMID: 22531751 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2012.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2011] [Revised: 03/15/2012] [Accepted: 04/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Group II metabotropic glutamate (mGlu) receptors are known to induce a long-term depression (LTD) of synaptic transmission in many brain regions including the amygdala. However the roles of the individual receptor subtypes, mGlu2 and mGlu3, in LTD are not well understood. In particular, it is unclear whether activation of mGlu3 receptors is sufficient to induce LTD at synapses in the CNS. In the present study, advantage was taken of a Wistar rat strain not expressing mGlu2 receptors (Ceolin et al., 2011) to investigate the function of mGlu3 receptors in the amygdala. In this preparation, the group II agonist, DCG-IV induced an LTD of the cortical, but not the intra-nuclear, synaptic input to the lateral amygdala. This LTD was concentration dependent and was blocked by the group II mGlu receptor antagonist, LY341495. To investigate further the role of mGlu3 receptors, we used LY395756 (an mGlu2 agonist and mGlu3 antagonist), which acts as a pure mGlu3 receptor antagonist in this rat strain. This compound alone had no effect on basal synaptic transmission, but blocked the LTD induced by DCG-IV. Furthermore, we found that DCG-IV also induces LTD in mGlu2 receptor knock-out (KO) mice to a similar extent as in wild-type mice. This confirms that the activation of mGlu3 receptors alone is sufficient to induce LTD at this amygdala synapse. To address whether mGlu2 activation alone is also sufficient to induce LTD at this synapse we used LY541850 (the active enantiomer of LY395756) in wild-type mice. LY541850 induced a substantial LTD showing that either receptor alone is capable of inducing LTD in this pathway. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled 'Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah J Lucas
- MRC Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK.
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32
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Bradley CA, Peineau S, Taghibiglou C, Nicolas CS, Whitcomb DJ, Bortolotto ZA, Kaang BK, Cho K, Wang YT, Collingridge GL. A pivotal role of GSK-3 in synaptic plasticity. Front Mol Neurosci 2012; 5:13. [PMID: 22363262 PMCID: PMC3279748 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2012.00013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2011] [Accepted: 01/31/2012] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) has many cellular functions. Recent evidence suggests that it plays a key role in certain types of synaptic plasticity, in particular a form of long-term depression (LTD) that is induced by the synaptic activation of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs). In the present article we summarize what is currently known concerning the roles of GSK-3 in synaptic plasticity at both glutamatergic and GABAergic synapses. We summarize its role in cognition and speculate on how alterations in the synaptic functioning of GSK-3 may be a major factor in certain neurodegenerative disorders.
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33
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Irvine MW, Costa BM, Dlaboga D, Culley GR, Hulse R, Scholefield CL, Atlason P, Fang G, Eaves R, Morley R, Mayo-Martin MB, Amici M, Bortolotto ZA, Donaldson L, Collingridge GL, Molnár E, Monaghan DT, Jane DE. Piperazine-2,3-dicarboxylic acid derivatives as dual antagonists of NMDA and GluK1-containing kainate receptors. J Med Chem 2011; 55:327-41. [PMID: 22111545 DOI: 10.1021/jm201230z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Competitive N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antagonists bind to the GluN2 subunit, of which there are four types (GluN2A-D). We report that some N(1)-substituted derivatives of cis-piperazine-2,3-dicarboxylic acid display improved relative affinity for GluN2C and GluN2D versus GluN2A and GluN2B. These derivatives also display subtype selectivity among the more distantly related kainate receptor family. Compounds 18i and (-)-4 were the most potent kainate receptor antagonists, and 18i was selective for GluK1 versus GluK2, GluK3 and AMPA receptors. Modeling studies revealed structural features required for activity at GluK1 subunits and suggested that S674 was vital for antagonist activity. Consistent with this hypothesis, replacing the equivalent residue in GluK3 (alanine) with a serine imparts 18i antagonist activity. Antagonists with dual GluN2D and GluK1 antagonist activity may have beneficial effects in various neurological disorders. Consistent with this idea, antagonist 18i (30 mg/kg ip) showed antinociceptive effects in an animal model of mild nerve injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark W Irvine
- MRC Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, University of Bristol, Medical Sciences Building, University Walk, Bristol, BS8 1TD, U.K
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Abstract
Synaptic plasticity is the process by which the brain alters the strength of its synaptic connections, a fundamental function of the brain that enables individuals to learn from experience. The study of synaptic plasticity often involves the application of standard in vitro electrophysiological techniques to hippocampal slice preparations. This unit discusses many of the special considerations that are applicable for the optimal study of synaptic plasticity in this system. Most of these principles also apply to the study of synaptic plasticity in other brain slice preparations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuner A Bortolotto
- MRC Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, School of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
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35
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Nisticò R, Dargan SL, Amici M, Collingridge GL, Bortolotto ZA. Synergistic interactions between kainate and mGlu receptors regulate bouton Ca signalling and mossy fibre LTP. Sci Rep 2011; 1:103. [PMID: 22355621 PMCID: PMC3216588 DOI: 10.1038/srep00103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2011] [Accepted: 09/07/2011] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
It is currently unknown why glutamatergic presynaptic terminals express multiple types of glutamate receptors. We have addressed this question by studying both acute and long-term regulation of mossy fibre function in the hippocampus. We find that inhibition of both mGlu1 and mGlu5 receptors together can block the induction of mossy fibre LTP. Furthermore, mossy fibre LTP can be induced by the pharmacological activation of either mGlu1 or mGlu5 receptors, provided that kainate receptors are also stimulated. Like conventional mossy fibre LTP, chemically-induced mossy fibre LTP (chem-LTPm) depends on Ca2+ release from intracellular stores and the activation of PKA. Similar synergistic interactions between mGlu receptors and kainate receptors were observed at the level of Ca2+ signalling in individual giant mossy fibre boutons. Thus three distinct glutamate receptors interact, in both an AND and OR gate fashion, to regulate both immediate and long-term presynaptic function in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Nisticò
- MRC Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, School of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TD, United Kingdom
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36
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Dargan SL, Clarke VRJ, Alushin GM, Sherwood JL, Nisticò R, Bortolotto ZA, Ogden AM, Bleakman D, Doherty AJ, Lodge D, Mayer ML, Fitzjohn SM, Jane DE, Collingridge GL. ACET is a highly potent and specific kainate receptor antagonist: characterisation and effects on hippocampal mossy fibre function. Neuropharmacology 2009; 56:121-30. [PMID: 18789344 PMCID: PMC2637447 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2008.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2008] [Revised: 08/04/2008] [Accepted: 08/07/2008] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Kainate receptors (KARs) are involved in both NMDA receptor-independent long-term potentiation (LTP) and synaptic facilitation at mossy fibre synapses in the CA3 region of the hippocampus. However, the identity of the KAR subtypes involved remains controversial. Here we used a highly potent and selective GluK1 (formerly GluR5) antagonist (ACET) to elucidate roles of GluK1-containing KARs in these synaptic processes. We confirmed that ACET is an extremely potent GluK1 antagonist, with a Kb value of 1.4+/-0.2 nM. In contrast, ACET was ineffective at GluK2 (formerly GluR6) receptors at all concentrations tested (up to 100 microM) and had no effect at GluK3 (formerly GluR7) when tested at 1 microM. The X-ray crystal structure of ACET bound to the ligand binding core of GluK1 was similar to the UBP310-GluK1 complex. In the CA1 region of hippocampal slices, ACET was effective at blocking the depression of both fEPSPs and monosynaptically evoked GABAergic transmission induced by ATPA, a GluK1 selective agonist. In the CA3 region of the hippocampus, ACET blocked the induction of NMDA receptor-independent mossy fibre LTP. To directly investigate the role of pre-synaptic GluK1-containing KARs we combined patch-clamp electrophysiology and 2-photon microscopy to image Ca2+ dynamics in individual giant mossy fibre boutons. ACET consistently reduced short-term facilitation of pre-synaptic calcium transients induced by 5 action potentials evoked at 20-25Hz. Taken together our data provide further evidence for a physiological role of GluK1-containing KARs in synaptic facilitation and LTP induction at mossy fibre-CA3 synapses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheila L Dargan
- MRC Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK.
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37
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Bortolotto ZA, Collett VJ, Conquet F, Jia Z, Collingridge GL. An analysis of the stimulus requirements for setting the molecular switch reveals a lower threshold for metaplasticity than synaptic plasticity. Neuropharmacology 2008; 55:454-8. [PMID: 18606173 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2008.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2008] [Revised: 06/04/2008] [Accepted: 06/12/2008] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The requirements for the synaptic activation of metabotropic glutamate (mGlu) receptors and for the induction of metaplasticity in the hippocampus are not known. In the present study, we have investigated the synaptic activation of mGlu5 receptors and the setting of the molecular switch, a form of metaplasticity, at CA1 synapses in the mouse hippocampus. We find that as few as eight stimuli (delivered at 100Hz) are sufficient to set the molecular switch, since a subsequent tetanus delivered to the same input is able to induce long-term potentiation (LTP) in the presence of the mGlu receptor antagonist MCPG ((S)-alpha-methyl-4-carboxyphenylglycine). In addition, we find that the molecular switch can be activated over a wide frequency range. When 10 shocks were delivered the threshold frequency was 4Hz. The ability of 10 shocks (delivered at 100Hz) to set the molecular switch was lost in the mGlu5 knockout. These data show that mGlu5 receptors can be activated synaptically and metaplasticity can be induced by relatively few stimuli. Indeed, metaplasticity was induced by stimuli that were subthreshold for the induction of LTP per se. Thus, metaplasticity has a lower threshold than the synaptic plasticity that it regulates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuner A Bortolotto
- MRC Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, Department of Anatomy, School of Medical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, United Kingdom
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38
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Piccinin S, Thuault SJ, Doherty AJ, Brown JT, Randall AD, Davies CH, Bortolotto ZA, Collingridge GL. The induction of long-term plasticity of non-synaptic, synchronized activity by the activation of group I mGluRs. Neuropharmacology 2008; 55:459-63. [PMID: 18619627 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2008.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2007] [Revised: 05/16/2008] [Accepted: 05/19/2008] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
It is well established that activation of group I metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) produces long-lasting alterations in synaptic efficacy. We now demonstrate that activation of mGluRs can also induce long-term alterations in synchronised network activity that are both induced and expressed in the absence of chemical synaptic transmission. Specifically, in hippocampal slices in which synaptic transmission was eliminated by perfusing with a Ca2+-free medium, the selective group I mGluR agonist 3,5-dihydroxyphenylglycine (DHPG) induced a persistent (>3h) enhancement (>2-fold) of the frequency of synchronised bursting activity. The underlying biochemical mechanism responsible for the induction of this form of plasticity was similar to that for DHPG-induced long-term depression (LTD) in that it required the activation of tyrosine phosphatases. Also, like DHPG-induced LTD, this form of neuronal plasticity could be reversed by application of the mGluR antagonist alpha-methyl-4-carboxyphenylglycine (MCPG). This unusual form of plasticity, which presumably also occurs when synaptic transmission is intact, could contribute to long-term alterations in synchronised activity in hippocampal neuronal networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Piccinin
- MRC Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, Department of Anatomy, School of Medical Sciences, University of Bristol, University Walk, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
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Peineau S, Bradley C, Taghibiglou C, Doherty A, Bortolotto ZA, Wang YT, Collingridge GL. The role of GSK-3 in synaptic plasticity. Br J Pharmacol 2008; 153 Suppl 1:S428-37. [PMID: 18311157 PMCID: PMC2268071 DOI: 10.1038/bjp.2008.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 199] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3), an important component of the glycogen metabolism pathway, is highly expressed in the CNS. It has been implicated in major neurological disorders including Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia and bipolar disorders. Despite its central role in these conditions it was not known until recently whether GSK-3 has neuronal-specific functions under normal conditions. However recent work has shown that GSK-3 is involved in the regulation of, and cross-talk between, two major forms of synaptic plasticity, N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR)-dependent long-term potentiation (LTP) and NMDAR-dependent long-term depression (LTD). The present article summarizes this recent work and discusses its potential relevance to the treatment of neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Peineau
- Department of Anatomy, MRC Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, School of Medical sciences, University Walk, Bristol, UK
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40
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Peineau S, Taghibiglou C, Bradley C, Wong TP, Liu L, Lu J, Lo E, Wu D, Saule E, Bouschet T, Matthews P, Isaac JTR, Bortolotto ZA, Wang YT, Collingridge GL. LTP inhibits LTD in the hippocampus via regulation of GSK3beta. Neuron 2007; 53:703-17. [PMID: 17329210 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2007.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 546] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2006] [Revised: 12/26/2006] [Accepted: 01/26/2007] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK3) has been implicated in major neurological disorders, but its role in normal neuronal function is largely unknown. Here we show that GSK3beta mediates an interaction between two major forms of synaptic plasticity in the brain, N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor-dependent long-term potentiation (LTP) and NMDA receptor-dependent long-term depression (LTD). In rat hippocampal slices, GSK3beta inhibitors block the induction of LTD. Furthermore, the activity of GSK3beta is enhanced during LTD via activation of PP1. Conversely, following the induction of LTP, there is inhibition of GSK3beta activity. This regulation of GSK3beta during LTP involves activation of NMDA receptors and the PI3K-Akt pathway and disrupts the ability of synapses to undergo LTD for up to 1 hr. We conclude that the regulation of GSK3beta activity provides a powerful mechanism to preserve information encoded during LTP from erasure by subsequent LTD, perhaps thereby permitting the initial consolidation of learnt information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphane Peineau
- MRC Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, Department of Anatomy, School of Medical Sciences, University Walk, Bristol, BS8 1TD, United Kingdom
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41
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Bartlett TE, Bannister NJ, Collett VJ, Dargan SL, Massey PV, Bortolotto ZA, Fitzjohn SM, Bashir ZI, Collingridge GL, Lodge D. Differential roles of NR2A and NR2B-containing NMDA receptors in LTP and LTD in the CA1 region of two-week old rat hippocampus. Neuropharmacology 2007; 52:60-70. [PMID: 16904707 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2006.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 201] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2006] [Revised: 07/05/2006] [Accepted: 07/06/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The role of NMDA receptors in the induction of long-term potentiation (LTP) and long-term depression (LTD) is well established but which particular NR2 subunits are involved in these plasticity processes is still a matter of controversy. We have studied the effects of subtype selective NMDA receptor antagonists on LTP induced by high frequency stimulation (100 Hz for 1s) and LTD induced by low frequency stimulation (1 Hz for 15 min) in the CA1 region of hippocampal slices from 14 day old Wistar rats. Against recombinant receptors in HEK293 cells NVP-AAM077 (NVP) was approximately 14-fold selective for NR2A vs NR2B receptors, whilst Ro 25-6981 (Ro) was highly selective for NR2B receptors. On NMDA receptor-mediated EPSCs from Schaffer collaterals in CA1 neurones, NVP and Ro both reduced the amplitude but differentially affected the time constant of decay. The data are compatible with the selective effect of NVP (0.1 microM) and Ro (4 microM) on native NR2A and NBR2B receptors, respectively. NVP reduced both LTP and LTD whereas Ro reduced only LTP. Thus, LTP was reduced by 63% at 0.1 microM NVP and almost completely at 0.4 microM whereas 5 microM Ro reduced LTP by 45%. These data are consistent with a role for both NR2A and NR2B in the induction of LTP, under our experimental conditions. In comparison, LTD was unaffected by Ro (5 microM) even in the presence of a glutamate uptake inhibitor threo-beta-benzylaspartic acid (TBOA) to increase the concentration of glutamate at NR2B containing receptors. NVP (0.2-0.4 microM), however, produced a concentration dependent inhibition of LTD which was complete at 0.4 microM. The lack of effect of 0.1 microM NVP on LTD contrasts with its marked effect on LTP and raises the possibility that different NVP-sensitive NR2 subunit-containing NMDA receptors are required for LTP and LTD in this preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas E Bartlett
- MRC Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, Department of Anatomy, University of Bristol, School of Medical Sciences, University Walk, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
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42
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Plant K, Pelkey KA, Bortolotto ZA, Morita D, Terashima A, McBain CJ, Collingridge GL, Isaac JTR. Transient incorporation of native GluR2-lacking AMPA receptors during hippocampal long-term potentiation. Nat Neurosci 2006; 9:602-4. [PMID: 16582904 DOI: 10.1038/nn1678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 409] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2006] [Accepted: 03/06/2006] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Postnatal glutamatergic principal neuron synapses are typically presumed to express only calcium-impermeable (CI), GluR2-containing AMPARs under physiological conditions. Here, however, we demonstrate that long-term potentiation (LTP) in CA1 hippocampal pyramidal neurons causes rapid incorporation of GluR2-lacking calcium-permeable (CP)-AMPARs: CP-AMPARs are present transiently, being replaced by GluR2-containing AMPARs approximately 25 min after LTP induction. Thus, CP-AMPARs are physiologically expressed at CA1 pyramidal cell synapses during LTP, and may be required for LTP consolidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Plant
- MRC Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, Department of Anatomy, University of Bristol, School of Medical Sciences, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
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43
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Menegaz D, Zamoner A, Royer C, Leite LD, Bortolotto ZA, Silva FRMB. Rapid responses to thyroxine in the testis: active protein synthesis-independent pathway. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2006; 246:128-34. [PMID: 16387420 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2005.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the involvement of protein synthesis in the stimulatory action of thyroid hormones on amino acid accumulation and characterized K(+) currents involved in the hyperpolarizing effect of thyroxine (T(4)) on Sertoli cells. Immature rat testes were incubated in Krebs Ringer-bicarbonate buffer (KRb) in the presence of [(14)C]methylaminoisobutyric acid with and without T(4), 3,5,3'-l-triiodothyronine (T(3)) and/or cycloheximide. Sertoli cells were monitored by intracellular recording in a chamber perfused with KRb with and without T(4), T(3) and/or blockers, and the membrane potential was monitored. T(4) and T(3) stimulated amino acid accumulation and protein synthesis. Treatment with cycloheximide diminished T(3) stimulatory actions on amino acid accumulation but had no effect on T(4) action. Both hormones elicited a hyperpolarization of the Sertoli cell membrane potential which involved K(+) channels, since TEA and apamin abolished this effect. These findings on rapid membrane actions of thyroid hormone in the testis suggest that some effects of T(4) are modulated by non-genomic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Menegaz
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis-Santa Catarina, CEP 88010-970, Brazil.
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Bortolotto ZA, Collett VJ, Conquet F, Jia Z, van der Putten H, Collingridge GL. The regulation of hippocampal LTP by the molecular switch, a form of metaplasticity, requires mGlu5 receptors. Neuropharmacology 2005; 49 Suppl 1:13-25. [PMID: 16024054 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2005.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2005] [Revised: 05/20/2005] [Accepted: 05/25/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The role of metabotropic glutamate (mGlu) receptors in long-term potentiation (LTP) in the hippocampus is controversial. In the present study, we have used mice in which the mGlu1, mGlu5 or mGlu7 receptor has been deleted, by homologous recombination, to study the role of these receptor subtypes in LTP at CA1 synapses. We investigated the effects of the knockouts on both LTP and the molecular switch, a form of metaplasticity that renders LTP insensitive to the actions of the mGlu receptor antagonist MCPG ((S)-alpha-methyl-4-carboxyphenylglycine). We find that LTP is readily induced in the three knockouts and in an mGlu1 and mGlu5 double knockout. In addition, the molecular switch operates normally in either the mGlu1 or mGlu7 knockout. In contrast, the molecular switch is completely non-functional in the mGlu5 knockout, such that MCPG invariably blocks the induction of additional LTP in an input where LTP has already been induced. The effect of the mGlu5 receptor knockout was replicated in wildtype mouse slices perfused with the specific mGlu5 receptor antagonist MPEP (2-methyl-6-(phenylethynyl)-pyridine). In addition, the mGlu5 selective agonist CHPG ((RS)-2-chloro-5-hydroxyphenylglycine) sets the molecular switch. These data demonstrate that the operation of the molecular switch requires activation of mGlu5 receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuner A Bortolotto
- MRC Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, Department of Anatomy, School of Medical Sciences, University of Bristol, University Walk, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
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45
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Dolman NP, Troop HM, More JCA, Alt A, Knauss JL, Nistico R, Jack S, Morley RM, Bortolotto ZA, Roberts PJ, Bleakman D, Collingridge GL, Jane DE. Synthesis and Pharmacology of Willardiine Derivatives Acting as Antagonists of Kainate Receptors. J Med Chem 2005; 48:7867-81. [PMID: 16302825 DOI: 10.1021/jm050584l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The natural product willardiine (8) is an AMPA receptor agonist while 5-iodowillardiine (10) is a selective kainate receptor agonist. In an attempt to produce antagonists of kainate and AMPA receptors analogues of willardiine with substituents at the N3 position of the uracil ring were synthesized. The N3-4-carboxybenzyl substituted analogue (38c) was found to be equipotent at AMPA and GLUK5-containing kainate receptors in the neonatal rat spinal cord. The N3-2-carboxybenzyl substituted analogue (38a) proved to be a potent and selective GLUK5 subunit containing kainate receptor antagonist when tested on native rat and human recombinant AMPA and kainate receptor subtypes. The GLUK5 kainate receptor antagonist activity was found to reside in the S enantiomer (44a) whereas the R enantiomer (44b) was almost inactive. 5-Iodo substitution of the uracil ring of 44a gave 45, which was found to have enhanced potency and selectivity for GLUK5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nigel P Dolman
- Department of Pharmacology, MRC Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, School of Medical Sciences, University Walk, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
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46
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Abstract
There is considerable interest in understanding long-term potentiation (LTP) of glutamatergic synaptic transmission because the molecular mechanisms involved in its induction and expression are believed to be critical for learning and memory. There are two distinct forms of LTP. One type is triggered by synaptic activation of NMDA receptors and the other is NMDA receptor-independent. The latter type of LTP has been mostly studied at mossy fiber/CA3 synapses. Here we summarise some of our recent studies concerning the mechanisms of the induction of the NMDA receptor-independent form of LTP at these CA3 synapses. This form of LTP is triggered by the synaptic activation of kainate receptors. We also address the importance of Ca2+ availability in the extracellular environment and the release of Ca2+ from intracellular stores for this form of LTP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuner A Bortolotto
- MRC Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, University of Bristol, Department of Anatomy, School of Medical Sciences, University Walk, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK.
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More JCA, Nistico R, Dolman NP, Clarke VRJ, Alt AJ, Ogden AM, Buelens FP, Troop HM, Kelland EE, Pilato F, Bleakman D, Bortolotto ZA, Collingridge GL, Jane DE. Characterisation of UBP296: a novel, potent and selective kainate receptor antagonist. Neuropharmacology 2004; 47:46-64. [PMID: 15165833 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2004.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2003] [Revised: 02/23/2004] [Accepted: 03/01/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Willardiine derivatives with an N3-benzyl substituent bearing an acidic group have been synthesized with the aim of producing selective antagonists for GLUK5-containing kainate receptors. UBP296 was found to be a potent and selective antagonist of native GLUK5-containing kainate receptors in the spinal cord, with activity residing in the S enantiomer (UBP302). In cells expressing human kainate receptor subunits, UBP296 selectively depressed glutamate-induced calcium influx in cells containing GLUK5 in homomeric or heteromeric forms. In radioligand displacement binding studies, the willardiine analogues displaced [3H]kainate binding with IC50 values >100 microM at rat GLUK6, GLUK2 or GLUK6/GLUK2. An explanation of the GLUK5 selectivity of UBP296 was obtained using homology models of the antagonist bound forms of GLUK5 and GLUK6. In rat hippocampal slices, UBP296 reversibly blocked ATPA-induced depressions of synaptic transmission at concentrations subthreshold for affecting AMPA receptor-mediated synaptic transmission directly. UBP296 also completely blocked the induction of mossy fibre LTP, in medium containing 2 mM (but not 4 mM) Ca2+. These data provide further evidence for a role for GLUK5-containing kainate receptors in mossy fibre LTP. In conclusion, UBP296 is the most potent and selective antagonist of GLUK5-containing kainate receptors so far described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia C A More
- Department of Pharmacology, MRC Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, School of Medical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
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48
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Wikström MA, Matthews P, Roberts D, Collingridge GL, Bortolotto ZA. Parallel kinase cascades are involved in the induction of LTP at hippocampal CA1 synapses. Neuropharmacology 2003; 45:828-36. [PMID: 14529720 DOI: 10.1016/s0028-3908(03)00336-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
To identify the enzymes involved in the induction of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor-dependent long-term potentiation (LTP) at CA1 synapses of two-week-old rats we have tested various kinase inhibitors. Surprisingly, given the large body of evidence supporting a role for calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) in LTP, inhibition of this enzyme did not affect the induction of LTP at this age. Similarly inhibition of protein kinase A (PKA) or protein kinase C (PKC) was also without effect. However, inhibition of CaMKII together with inhibition of either PKA or PKC fully blocked the induction of LTP. These experiments reveal, unexpectedly, the existence of two parallel kinase pathways, one involving CaMKII and the other PKA and PKC, either of which can fully support the induction of LTP, at this stage of development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin A Wikström
- MRC Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, Department of Anatomy, School of Medical Sciences, University Walk, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
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49
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Lauri SE, Bortolotto ZA, Nistico R, Bleakman D, Ornstein PL, Lodge D, Isaac JTR, Collingridge GL. A role for Ca2+ stores in kainate receptor-dependent synaptic facilitation and LTP at mossy fiber synapses in the hippocampus. Neuron 2003; 39:327-41. [PMID: 12873388 DOI: 10.1016/s0896-6273(03)00369-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Compared with NMDA receptor-dependent LTP, much less is known about the mechanism of induction of NMDA receptor-independent LTP; the most extensively studied form of which is mossy fiber LTP in the hippocampus. In the present study we show that Ca2+-induced Ca2+ release from intracellular stores is involved in the induction of mossy fiber LTP. This release also contributes to the kainate receptor-dependent component of the pronounced synaptic facilitation that occurs during high-frequency stimulation. We also present evidence that the trigger for this Ca2+ release is Ca2+ permeation through kainate receptors. However, these novel synaptic mechanisms can be bypassed when the Ca2+ concentration is raised (from 2 to 4 mM), via a compensatory involvement of L-type Ca2+ channels. These findings suggest that presynaptic kainate receptors at mossy fiber synapses can initiate a cascade involving Ca2+ release from intracellular stores that is important in both short-term and long-term plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sari E Lauri
- MRC Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, Department of Anatomy, School of Medical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, United Kingdom
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50
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Bortolotto ZA, Lauri S, Isaac JTR, Collingridge GL. Kainate receptors and the induction of mossy fibre long-term potentiation. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2003; 358:657-66. [PMID: 12740111 PMCID: PMC1693169 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2002.1216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
There is intense interest in understanding the molecular mechanisms involved in long-term potentiation (LTP) in the hippocampus. Significant progress in our understanding of LTP has followed from studies of glutamate receptors, of which there are four main subtypes (alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole-propionic acid (AMPA), N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA), mGlu and kainate). This article summarizes the evidence that the kainate subtype of glutamate receptor is an important trigger for the induction of LTP at mossy fibre synapses in the CA3 region of the hippocampus. The pharmacology of the first selective kainate receptor antagonists, in particular the GLU(K5) subunit selective antagonist LY382884, is described. LY382884 selectively blocks the induction of mossy fibre LTP, in response to a variety of different high-frequency stimulation protocols. This antagonist also inhibits the pronounced synaptic facilitation of mossy fibre transmission that occurs during high-frequency stimulation. These effects are attributed to the presence of presynaptic GLU(K5)-subunit-containing kainate receptors at mossy fibre synapses. Differences in kainate receptor-dependent synaptic facilitation of AMPA and NMDA receptor-mediated synaptic transmission are described. These data are discussed in the context of earlier reports that glutamate receptors are not involved in mossy fibre LTP and more recent experiments using kainate receptor knockout mice, that argue for the involvement of GLU(K6) but not GLU(K5) kainate receptor subunits. We conclude that activation of presynaptic GLU(K5)-containing kainate receptors is an important trigger for the induction of mossy fibre LTP in the hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuner A Bortolotto
- MRC Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, Department of Anatomy, School of Medical Sciences, University Walk, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
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