1
|
Zhou Q, Cai Z, Xian P, Yang Y, Cheng Y, Lian T, Ma Q, Nian H. Silicon-enhanced tolerance to cadmium toxicity in soybean by enhancing antioxidant defense capacity and changing cadmium distribution and transport. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2022; 241:113766. [PMID: 35709671 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a widely distributed heavy metal that is toxic to plants and humans. Although silicon (Si) has been reported to reduce Cd accumulation and toxicity in plants, evidence on the functions of Si and its mechanisms in the possible alleviation of soybean are limited. Therefore, a controlled experiment was conducted to investigate the impacts and mechanisms of Si on Cd retention in soybean. Here, we determined the growth index, Cd distribution, and antioxidant activity systems of Si, as well as expression levels of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in Si under Cd stress, and conducted RNA-seq analysis. We not only found that Si can significantly promote soybean plant growth, increase plant antioxidant activities, and reduce the Cd translocation factor, but also revealed that a total of 636 DEGs were shared between CK and Cd, CK and Cd + Si, and Cd and Cd + Si. Moreover, several genes were significantly enriched in antioxidant systems and Cd distribution and transport systems. Therefore, the expression status of Si-mediated Cd stress response genes is likely involved in improving oxidative stress and changing Cd uptake and transport, as well as improving plant growth that contributes to Si alleviating Cd toxicity in plants. Moreover, numerous potential target genes were identified for the engineering of Cd-tolerant cultivars in soybean breeding programs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qianghua Zhou
- The State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, PR China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding of Guangdong Province, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, PR China
| | - Zhandong Cai
- The State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, PR China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding of Guangdong Province, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, PR China
| | - Peiqi Xian
- The State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, PR China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding of Guangdong Province, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, PR China
| | - Yuan Yang
- The State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, PR China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding of Guangdong Province, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, PR China
| | - Yanbo Cheng
- The State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, PR China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding of Guangdong Province, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, PR China
| | - Tengxiang Lian
- The State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, PR China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding of Guangdong Province, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, PR China
| | - Qibin Ma
- The State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, PR China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding of Guangdong Province, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, PR China
| | - Hai Nian
- The State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, PR China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding of Guangdong Province, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhai Y, Chen Z, Malik K, Wei X, Li C. Effect of Fungal Endophyte Epichloë bromicola Infection on Cd Tolerance in Wild Barley (Hordeum brevisubulatum). J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8. [PMID: 35448597 DOI: 10.3390/jof8040366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydroponic Hordeum brevisubulatum (wild barley) was used as material in the greenhouse to study the effects of endophyte infection on plant growth, Cd absorption and transport, subcellular distribution, and Cd chemical forms under CdCl2 stress. Endophytic fungi respond positively to chlorophyll content and photosynthetic efficiency under Cd stress. The order of Cd absorption in different parts of the plant was: roots > stems > leaves. Endophyte infection increased the plant’s absorption and transport of Cd while causing a significant difference in the stem, which was associated with the distribution density of endophyte hyphae. The proportion of organelle Cd in endophyte-infected wild barley was significantly higher, which facilitated more Cd transport to aboveground. Cd stress showed a slight effect on the chemical forms of Cd in leaves. The proportion of phosphate, oxalate, and residual Cd increased in the stem. Cd existed in the form of inorganic salt, organic acid, pectin, and protein in roots. Endophyte infection reduced the Cd content of the more toxic chemical forms to protect the normal progress of plant physiological functions. Therefore, the isolation of cell walls and vacuoles is a key mechanism for plant Cd tolerance and detoxification. As endophyte infections have more ability to absorb Cd in plants, H. brevisubulatum−Epichloë bromicola symbionts can improve heavy metal contaminated soil and water.
Collapse
|
3
|
Chen YB, Chen YC, Zhu YX, Li S, Deng HB, Wang JR, Tang WB, Sun L. Genetic Control Diversity Drives Differences Between Cadmium Distribution and Tolerance in Rice. Front Plant Sci 2021; 12:638095. [PMID: 33679853 PMCID: PMC7933448 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.638095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Rice, a staple crop for nearly half the planet's population, tends to absorb and accumulate excessive cadmium (Cd) when grown in Cd-contaminated fields. Low levels of Cd can degrade the quality of rice grains, while high levels can inhibit the growth of rice plants. There is genotypic diversity in Cd distribution and Cd tolerance in different rice varieties, but their underlying genetic mechanisms are far from elucidated, which hinders genetic improvements. In this study, a joint study of phenotypic investigation with quantitative trait loci (QTLs) analyses of genetic patterns of Cd distribution and Cd tolerance was performed using a biparent population derived from japonica and indica rice varieties. We identified multiple QTLs for each trait and revealed that additive effects from various loci drive the inheritance of Cd distribution, while epistatic effects between various loci contribute to differences in Cd tolerance. One pleiotropic locus, qCddis8, was found to affect the Cd distribution from both roots to shoots and from leaf sheaths to leaf blades. The results expand our understanding of the diversity of genetic control over Cd distribution and Cd tolerance in rice. The findings provide information on potential QTLs for genetic improvement of Cd distribution in rice varieties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Bo Chen
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Yu-Chao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Yu-Xing Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Sai Li
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Hua-bing Deng
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Jiu-Rong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Wen-Bang Tang
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Liang Sun
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ye Y, Dong W, Luo Y, Fan T, Xiong X, Sun L, Hu X. Cultivar diversity and organ differences of cadmium accumulation in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) allow the potential for Cd-safe staple food production on contaminated soils. Sci Total Environ 2020; 711:134534. [PMID: 31810668 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic element that can accumulate in plants and poses a threat to human health through biomagnification. There are differences in Cd levels among different plants tissues. Hence, an optimal crop that possesses low Cd levels in the edible parts but high levels in the inedible parts is urgently needed to simultaneously lower soil-Cd levels in contaminated fields and to produce Cd-safe crops. In this study, we investigated the Cd levels in tubers and other tissues of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) using different experimental approaches, and identified variations in Cd accumulation in different potato cultivars and characterized the Cd-distribution pattern in potato. Our results showed that Cd accumulation in tubers of the tested cultivars varied greatly, and that tuber-Cd levels were much lower than in the stems or leaves. Two-way ANOVA revealed that the tuber-Cd levels in potato are determined by both genotypic differences and the soil-Cd levels of the farmlands. Among the cultivars tested, one cultivar, 'Eshu10', was found to have the lowest tuber-Cd levels but had much higher Cd levels in leaf and stem tissues. Our study shows that the Cd-distribution pattern within potato plants makes it an ideal candidate for the safe production of a staple food that also has the potential to contribute to the remediation of contaminated soils.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yixin Ye
- Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Potatoes, College of Horticulture and Landscape, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Wen Dong
- Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Potatoes, College of Horticulture and Landscape, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Yu Luo
- Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Potatoes, College of Horticulture and Landscape, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Tony Fan
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; University of Toronto, Toronto M5S 2E5, Canada
| | - Xingyao Xiong
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Liang Sun
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Xinxi Hu
- Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Potatoes, College of Horticulture and Landscape, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Jing F, Chen C, Chen X, Liu W, Wen X, Hu S, Yang Z, Guo B, Xu Y, Yu Q. Effects of wheat straw derived biochar on cadmium availability in a paddy soil and its accumulation in rice. Environ Pollut 2020; 257:113592. [PMID: 31761591 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This study was carried out to investigate the effect of biochar amendment on cadmium (Cd) availability in a paddy soil with biochar amendment and its effect on the accumulation in rice. Biochar was applied once at rates of 0 (A0), 10 (A10), 20 (A20), 30 (A30), and 40 (A40) t ha-1 on the soil surface layer (0-17 cm). Results showed that the soil organic matter (SOM) content and pH in 0-17 cm soil layer increased as biochar application rate increased, whereas the content of dissolved organic carbon (DOC), and available iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), aluminum (Al) in diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (DTPA) extracts declined with biochar added. Available Cd in DTPA extracts in the 0-17 and 17-29 cm soil layer of A40 treatments was significantly lower (p < 0.05) by 49.4 and 51.7% than that in A0. Compared with A0, the distribution factor (DF) of DTPA extracted Cd in the 0.053-0.25 mm and <0.053 mm aggregates of A40 treatments increased by 136 and 269%, respectively, and the DF values in these micro-aggregates of A40 treatments were greater than 1.0. Based on European Community Bureau of Reference (BCR) sequential extraction results, 40 t ha-1 rate of applied biochar reduced the proportion of acid extractable Cd fractions in both 0-17 and 17-29 cm soil layers, but increased the Cd in the oxidizable and residual fractions. The Cd concentration in the rice plants of different biochar treatments was in the order of A0>A10 > A20 > A30 > A40. DTPA extractable Cd concentration in soil was the key factor affecting the Cd uptake by rice roots. In conclusion, biochar application at 40 t ha-1 can effectively reduce the availability of Cd in soil profile, enhance the available Cd enrichment in micro-aggregates, and thus limit the Cd uptake by rice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Feng Jing
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Can Chen
- College of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, PR China
| | - Xiaomin Chen
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China.
| | - Wei Liu
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Xin Wen
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Shimin Hu
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Zhijiang Yang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Bilin Guo
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Yanling Xu
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Qingxin Yu
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Liu M, Bi J, Liu X, Kang J, Korpelainen H, Niinemets Ü, Li C. Microstructural and physiological responses to cadmium stress under different nitrogen levels in Populus cathayana females and males. Tree Physiol 2020; 40:30-45. [PMID: 31748807 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpz115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 09/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Although increasing attention has been paid to the relationships between heavy metal and nitrogen (N) availability, the mechanism underlying adaptation to cadmium (Cd) stress in dioecious plants has been largely overlooked. This study examined Cd accumulation, translocation and allocation among tissues and cellular compartments in Populus cathayana Rehder females and males. Both leaf Cd accumulation and root-to-shoot Cd translocation were significantly greater in females than in males under a normal N supply, but they were reduced in females and enhanced in males under N deficiency. The genes related to Cd uptake and translocation, HMA2, YSL2 and ZIP2, were strongly induced by Cd stress in female roots and in males under a normal N supply. Cadmium largely accumulated in the leaf blades of females and in the leaf veins of males under a normal N supply, while the contrary was true under N deficiency. Furthermore, Cd was mainly distributed in the leaf epidermis and spongy tissues of males, and in the leaf palisade tissues of females. Nitrogen deficiency increased Cd allocation to the spongy tissues of female leaves and to the palisade tissues of males. In roots, Cd was preferentially distributed to the epidermis and cortices in both sexes, and also to the vascular tissues of females under a normal N supply but not under N deficiency. These results suggested that males possess better Cd tolerance compared with females, even under N deficiency, which is associated with their reduced root-to-shoot Cd translocation, specific Cd distribution in organic and/or cellular compartments, and enhanced antioxidation and ion homeostasis. Our study also provides new insights into engineering woody plants for phytoremediation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miao Liu
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China
| | - Jingwen Bi
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China
| | - Xiucheng Liu
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China
| | - Jieyu Kang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China
| | - Helena Korpelainen
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Viikki Plant Science Centre, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, PO Box 27, FI-00014, Finland
| | - Ülo Niinemets
- Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 1, 51006 Tartu, Estonia
- Estonian Academy of Sciences, Kohtu 6, 10130 Tallinn, Estonia
- School of Forestry and Bio-Technology, Zhejiang Agriculture & Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Chunyang Li
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zeng L, Zhu T, Gao Y, Wang Y, Ning C, Björn LO, Chen D, Li S. Effects of Ca addition on the uptake, translocation, and distribution of Cd in Arabidopsis thaliana. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2017; 139:228-237. [PMID: 28152404 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2016] [Revised: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) pollution poses a risk to human health for its accumulation in soil and crops, but this can be alleviated by calcium (Ca) addition. However, its mechanism remains unclear yet. In this study, Arabidopsis thaliana was used to explore the alleviating effects of Ca on Cd toxicity and its specific function during uptake, upward-translocation, and distribution of Cd. Supplementing plants with 5mM CaCl2 alleviated the intoxication symptoms caused by 50μM CdCl2, such as smaller leaves, early bolting and root browning. Ca addition decreased uptake of Cd, possibly by reducing the physical adsorption of Cd since the root cell membrane was well maintained and lignin deposition was decreased as well, and by decreasing symplastic Cd transport. Expression of the genes involved (AtZIP2 and AtZIP4) was also decreased. In addition, Ca accumulated in the plant shoot to help facilitating the upward-translocation of Cd, with evidence of higher translocation factor and expression of genes that were involved in Ca transport (AtPCR1) and Cd xylem loading (AtHMA2 and AtHMA4). Dithizone-staining of Cd in leaves showed that in Cd+Ca-treated plants, Ca addition initially protected the leaf stomata by preventing Cd from entering guard cells, but with prolonged Cd treatment facilitated the Cd accumulation around trichomes and maybe its excretion. We conclude that Ca promotes the upward-translocation of Cd and changes its distribution in leaves. The results may have relevance for bioremediation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lihua Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Ting Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Ya Gao
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Yutao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Chanjuan Ning
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Lars Olof Björn
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China; Department of Biology, Molecular Cell Biology, Lund University, Lund 22467, Sweden
| | - Da Chen
- Cooperative Wildlife Research Laboratory and Department of Zoology, Southern Illinois University Carbondale, Carbondale, IL 62901, USA
| | - Shaoshan Li
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China.
| |
Collapse
|