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Flores-León A, Martí R, Valcarcel M, Roselló S, Beltrán J, García-Martínez S, Ruiz JJ, Gisbert C, Cebolla-Cornejo J, Picó B. Sustainable cultivation of melon landraces: Effects of grafting on the accumulation of flavor-related compounds. Food Chem 2024; 444:138709. [PMID: 38350163 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.138709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Melon landraces are highly appreciated by consumers who pay price premiums to compensate for lower yields, enabling on-farm conservation. However, they are highly susceptible to soilborne diseases. This study analyses the impact of Cucurbita and Cucumis rootstocks on the accumulation of flavor-related metabolites in Spanish landraces of the Ibericus melon group, as a strategy to promote their sustainable cultivation. Scion genotype was the main factor conditioning the accumulation of sugars and acids both under standard and saline organic farming conditions. The effects of grafting on organic acid accumulation were negligible, while the effects on sugar content were significant. The latter effects were dependent on specific scion-rootstock combinations, though wild Cucumis (e.g. Fian) rootstocks represent an alternative that should be further studied. The effect on the accumulation of volatiles was limited, and again depended on specific scion-rootstock combinations. The rootstock effect even differed between populations of the same landrace.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Flores-León
- Instituto de Conservación y Mejora de la Agrodiversidad Valenciana, Universitat Politècnica de València, Cno de Vera s.n. 46022, Spain
| | - R Martí
- Joint Research Unit UJI-UPV Improvement of Agri-food Quality, COMAV, Universitat Politècnica de València, Cno de Vera s.n. 46022, Spain
| | - M Valcarcel
- Joint Research Unit UJI-UPV Improvement of Agri-food Quality, COMAV, Universitat Politècnica de València, Cno de Vera s.n. 46022, Spain
| | - S Roselló
- Joint Research Unit UJI-UPV Improvement of Agri-food Quality, Universitat Jaume I, Avda. Sos Baynat s/n, 12071, Castelló de la Plana, Spain
| | - J Beltrán
- Instituto Universitario de Plaguicidas y Aguas (IUPA), Universitat Jaume I, Campus de Riu Sec, Avda. Sos Baynat s/n, 12071, Castellón, Spain
| | - S García-Martínez
- Centro de Investigación e Innovación Agroalimentaria y Agroambiental (CIAGRO-UMH), Universidad Miguel Hernández, Ctra. Beniel Km 3,2, 03312 Orihuela, Spain
| | - J J Ruiz
- Centro de Investigación e Innovación Agroalimentaria y Agroambiental (CIAGRO-UMH), Universidad Miguel Hernández, Ctra. Beniel Km 3,2, 03312 Orihuela, Spain
| | - C Gisbert
- Instituto de Conservación y Mejora de la Agrodiversidad Valenciana, Universitat Politècnica de València, Cno de Vera s.n. 46022, Spain
| | - J Cebolla-Cornejo
- Joint Research Unit UJI-UPV Improvement of Agri-food Quality, COMAV, Universitat Politècnica de València, Cno de Vera s.n. 46022, Spain.
| | - B Picó
- Instituto de Conservación y Mejora de la Agrodiversidad Valenciana, Universitat Politècnica de València, Cno de Vera s.n. 46022, Spain
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Yang T, Amanullah S, Li S, Gao P, Bai J, Li C, Ma J, Luan F, Wang X. Deciphering the Genomic Characterization of the GGP Gene Family and Expression Verification of CmGGP1 Modulating Ascorbic Acid Biosynthesis in Melon Plants. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:397. [PMID: 38671845 PMCID: PMC11047344 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13040397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Ascorbic acid (AsA), also known as vitamin C, is a well-known antioxidant found in living entities that plays an essential role in growth and development, as well as in defensive mechanisms. GDP-L-galactose phosphorylase (GGP) is a candidate gene regulating AsA biosynthesis at the translational and transcriptional levels in plants. In the current study, we conducted genome-wide bioinformatic analysis and pinpointed a single AsA synthesis rate-limiting enzyme gene in melon (CmGGP1). The protein prediction analysis depicted that the CmGGP1 protein does not have a signaling peptide or transmembrane structure and mainly functions in the chloroplast or nucleus. The constructed phylogenetic tree analysis in multispecies showed that the CmGGP1 protein has a highly conserved motif in cucurbit crops. The structural variation analysis of the CmGGP1 gene in different domesticated melon germplasms showed a single non-synonymous type-base mutation and indicated that this gene was selected by domestication during evolution. Wild-type (WT) and landrace (LDR) germplasms of melon depicted close relationships to each other, and improved-type (IMP) varieties showed modern domestication selection. The endogenous quantification of AsA content in both the young and old leaves of nine melon varieties exhibited the major differentiations for AsA synthesis and metabolism. The real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis of gene co-expression showed that AsA biosynthesis in leaves was greater than AsA metabolic consumption, and four putative interactive genes (MELO3C025552.2, MELO3C007440.2, MELO3C023324.2, and MELO3C018576.2) associated with the CmGGP1 gene were revealed. Meanwhile, the CmGGP1 gene expression pattern was noticed to be up-regulated to varying degrees in different acclimated melons. We believe that the obtained results would provide useful insights for an in-depth genetic understanding of the AsA biosynthesis mechanism, aimed at the development of improving crop plants for melon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Yang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (T.Y.); (S.L.); (P.G.); (J.B.); (C.L.); (F.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticulture Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Sikandar Amanullah
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (T.Y.); (S.L.); (P.G.); (J.B.); (C.L.); (F.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticulture Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Shenglong Li
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (T.Y.); (S.L.); (P.G.); (J.B.); (C.L.); (F.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticulture Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Peng Gao
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (T.Y.); (S.L.); (P.G.); (J.B.); (C.L.); (F.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticulture Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Junyu Bai
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (T.Y.); (S.L.); (P.G.); (J.B.); (C.L.); (F.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticulture Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Chang Li
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (T.Y.); (S.L.); (P.G.); (J.B.); (C.L.); (F.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticulture Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Jie Ma
- Bayannur Institute of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Science, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Bayannur 015000, China;
| | - Feishi Luan
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (T.Y.); (S.L.); (P.G.); (J.B.); (C.L.); (F.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticulture Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Xuezheng Wang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (T.Y.); (S.L.); (P.G.); (J.B.); (C.L.); (F.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticulture Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin 150030, China
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Liu T, Xu H, Amanullah S, Du Z, Hu X, Che Y, Zhang L, Jiang Z, Zhu L, Wang D. Deciphering the Enhancing Impact of Exogenous Brassinolide on Physiological Indices of Melon Plants under Downy Mildew-Induced Stress. Plants (Basel) 2024; 13:779. [PMID: 38592782 PMCID: PMC10974236 DOI: 10.3390/plants13060779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Melon (Cucumis melo L.) is a valuable horticultural crop of the Cucurbitaceae family. Downy mildew (DM), caused by Pseudoperonospora cubensis, is a significant inhibitor of the production and quality of melon. Brassinolide (BR) is a new type of phytohormone widely used in cultivation for its broad spectrum of resistance- and defense-mechanism-improving activity. In this study, we applied various exogenous treatments (0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 mg·L-1) of BR at four distinct time periods (6 h, 12 h, 24 h, and 48 h) and explored the impact of BR on physiological indices and the genetic regulation of melon seedling leaves infected by downy-mildew-induced stress. It was mainly observed that a 2.0 mg·L-1 BR concentration effectively promoted the enhanced photosynthetic activity of seedling leaves, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis similarly exhibited an upregulated expression of the predicted regulatory genes of photosystem II (PSII) CmHCF136 (MELO3C023596.2) and CmPsbY (MELO3C010708.2), thus indicating the stability of the PSII reaction center. Furthermore, 2.0 mg·L-1 BR resulted in more photosynthetic pigments (nearly three times more than the chlorophyll contents (264.52%)) as compared to the control and other treatment groups and similarly upregulated the expression trend of the predicted key enzyme genes CmLHCP (MELO3C004214.2) and CmCHLP (MELO3C017176.2) involved in chlorophyll biosynthesis. Meanwhile, the maximum contents of soluble sugars and starch (186.95% and 164.28%) were also maintained, which were similarly triggered by the upregulated expression of the predicted genes CmGlgC (MELO3C006552.2), CmSPS (MELO3C020357.2), and CmPEPC (MELO3C018724.2), thereby maintaining osmotic adjustment and efficiency in eliminating reactive oxygen species. Overall, the exogenous 2.0 mg·L-1 BR exhibited maintained antioxidant activities, plastid membranal stability, and malondialdehyde (MDA) content. The chlorophyll fluorescence parameter values of F0 (42.23%) and Fv/Fm (36.67%) were also noticed to be higher; however, nearly three times higher levels of NPQ (375.86%) and Y (NPQ) (287.10%) were observed at 48 h of treatment as compared to all other group treatments. Increased Rubisco activity was also observed (62.89%), which suggested a significant role for elevated carbon fixation and assimilation and the upregulated expression of regulatory genes linked with Rubisco activity and the PSII reaction process. In short, we deduced that the 2.0 mg·L-1 BR application has an enhancing effect on the genetic modulation of physiological indices of melon plants against downy mildew disease stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tai Liu
- Daqing Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Daqing 163711, China; (T.L.); (H.X.); (Z.D.); (X.H.); (Y.C.); (L.Z.); (Z.J.); (L.Z.)
| | - Huichun Xu
- Daqing Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Daqing 163711, China; (T.L.); (H.X.); (Z.D.); (X.H.); (Y.C.); (L.Z.); (Z.J.); (L.Z.)
| | - Sikandar Amanullah
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticulture Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Zhiqiang Du
- Daqing Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Daqing 163711, China; (T.L.); (H.X.); (Z.D.); (X.H.); (Y.C.); (L.Z.); (Z.J.); (L.Z.)
| | - Xixi Hu
- Daqing Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Daqing 163711, China; (T.L.); (H.X.); (Z.D.); (X.H.); (Y.C.); (L.Z.); (Z.J.); (L.Z.)
| | - Ye Che
- Daqing Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Daqing 163711, China; (T.L.); (H.X.); (Z.D.); (X.H.); (Y.C.); (L.Z.); (Z.J.); (L.Z.)
| | - Ling Zhang
- Daqing Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Daqing 163711, China; (T.L.); (H.X.); (Z.D.); (X.H.); (Y.C.); (L.Z.); (Z.J.); (L.Z.)
| | - Zeyu Jiang
- Daqing Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Daqing 163711, China; (T.L.); (H.X.); (Z.D.); (X.H.); (Y.C.); (L.Z.); (Z.J.); (L.Z.)
| | - Lei Zhu
- Daqing Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Daqing 163711, China; (T.L.); (H.X.); (Z.D.); (X.H.); (Y.C.); (L.Z.); (Z.J.); (L.Z.)
| | - Di Wang
- Daqing Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Daqing 163711, China; (T.L.); (H.X.); (Z.D.); (X.H.); (Y.C.); (L.Z.); (Z.J.); (L.Z.)
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Guo K, Zhao J, Fang S, Zhang Q, Nie L, Zhao W. The effects of different rootstocks on aroma components, activities and genes expression of aroma-related enzymes in oriental melon fruit. PeerJ 2024; 12:e16704. [PMID: 38192601 PMCID: PMC10773451 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Grafting is widely applied in the cultivation of melon. In this study, 'Qinmi No.1' (Cucumis melo L.(QG)) and 'Ribenxuesong' (Cucurbita maxima Duch. (RG)) were used as rootstocks for 'Qingxin Yangjiaocui' (Cucumis melo L.). The results showed that grafting with muskmelon rootstocks had no significant effect on fruit aroma, but grafting with pumpkin rootstocks significantly reduced the odor intensity and odor preference scores of melon fruits. Compared with the fruits from self-grafted plants (SG), four new aromatic volatiles with a sweet smell were detected, the alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) activity was significantly decreased at 30 DAP, but unaffected at 42 DAP in QG fruits. There was no difference for alcohol acetyltransferase (AAT) activity between QG and SG fruits. The expression level of CmADH2 was significantly higher at 30 DAP and 42 DAP, but CmAAT2 was significantly lower at 42 DAP in QG fruits compared with SG fruits. In RG fruits, the main aroma compounds including butanoic acid ethyl ester, 2-methyl-2-butene-1-al, and 2-methylheptan-1-al were absent, while the volatile compounds with unpleasant odor characteristics including trans, cis-2,6-nonadien-1-ol, (E,E)-2,4-heptadienal, octanoic acid, and styrene were detected. Compared with SG fruits, 1-nonanol and 1-heptanol with green odor characteristics were significantly increased, but eucalyptol and farnesene with fruity aroma characteristics were significantly decreased in RG fruits. The ADH activity of RG fruits was significantly lower than that of SG fruits at 30 DAP and the AAT activity was significantly lower than that of SG fruits at 42 DAP. In addition, the expression levels of CmADH and CmAAT homologs in RG fruits were significantly lower than those in SG or QG fruits. These results show that grafting with pumpkin rootstocks affected the main aroma components, reduced ADH and AAT activities, and down-regulated the expression levels of CmADHs and CmAATs in the melon fruits. This study reveals the mechanism of different rootstocks on melon fruit aroma quality, and lays a theoretical foundation for the selection of rootstocks in melon production. Future studies using overexpression or CRISPR/CAS system to obtain stable transgenic lines of genes encoding key aromatic volatiles, would be promising to effectively improve the flavor quality of melon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kedong Guo
- College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Innovation and Utilization, BaoDing, Hebei, China
| | - Jiateng Zhao
- College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Innovation and Utilization, BaoDing, Hebei, China
| | - Siyu Fang
- College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Innovation and Utilization, BaoDing, Hebei, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Innovation and Utilization, BaoDing, Hebei, China
| | - Lanchun Nie
- College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Innovation and Utilization, BaoDing, Hebei, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Vegetative Industry of Hebei Province, BaoDing, Hebei, China
| | - Wensheng Zhao
- College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Innovation and Utilization, BaoDing, Hebei, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Vegetative Industry of Hebei Province, BaoDing, Hebei, China
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Wei C, Zhang W, Liang J, Cui L, Cui Z, Wang W, Cheng DJ, Wang X. First Report of Leaf Spot on Cucumis melo L. Caused by Arcopilus aureus in China. Plant Dis 2024. [PMID: 38173266 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-11-23-2343-pdn] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Cucumis melo L. is an important fruit with widespread consumption and commercial value. However, an undescribed disease affecting Hami melon (Cucumis melo L. var. Luhoutian) plants has consistently emerged in the Qihe region of Dezhou, Shandong Province of China since 2021. The disease can occur in both seedling and mature stages of Hami melon plants, and in severely diseased areas, the incidence rate was seen as 40 to 80%. During the seedling stage, the initial symptom is the appearance of water-soaked spots on the leaves. As the disease progresses, the leaves develop necrotic spots, and severely affected plants may exhibit stem rot and decay. In the mature stage, the disease primarily affects the leaves, causing necrotic spots and chlorosis. Under conditions of high humidity, black mold can be observed in the affected areas. Small pieces of symptomatic leaves from six different infected plants were collected and surface-sterilized with 5% NaClO for 3 min and 75% alcohol for 30 s for pathogen isolation (Wang et al., 2020). After rinsing with sterile water and blotted on sterile filter paper, the tissues were established on potato dextrose agar (PDA) media and incubated at 28℃ for 3-4 days. Pure isolates showed up at PDA were obtained through single-spore isolation. Colonies of all 16 isolates obtained by single-spore isolation had similar morphological characteristics on the PDA medium, the mycelium of the isolate appears dense and yellowish-brown on the PDA medium, and also secretes a brownish-red pigment on PDA. Under the opticalmicroscope, the perithecia from PDA media are subglobose spherical in shape, 80-100 μm in diameter, brownish by reflected light, wholly and densely hairy. Terminal hairs are very dense, greyish by reflected light, olive brown to reddish brown by transmitted light, thick-walled, arcuate, circinate, or spirally coiled at the apex. The ascospores within the perithecia are elliptical or droplet-shaped, initially colorless hyaline but later becoming subhyaline slightly gray, with dimensions of 7-9 μm × 4-5 μm. The morphological characteristics of the isolates were consistent with the description of Arcopilus aureus (Wang et.al. 2016). The internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region and β-tubulin genes of three randomly selected isolates were PCR amplified and sequenced using primers ITS4/ITS5 and Bt2a/Bt2b. The sequences of ITS and β-tubulin genes were submitted to NCBI with GenBank Accession No. OR539527 and OR640972, respectively. Based on morphological features and phylogenetic analysis, we concluded that the isolates belonged to A. aureus. Pathogenicity tests were conducted by placing agar plugs-containing fungal mycelia and agar blocks (control) on leaves of Hami melon seedlings (n=12) grown at 28°C with 60% humidity in a greenhouse, the assay was repeated three times. Symptoms appeared on the pathogen-inoculated leaves seven days after inoculation, whereas the control treatment remained symptomless. The pathogens were reisolated from diseased leaves and identified as A. aureus based on morphological, and molecular phylogenetic analysis, while Koch'sostulate was used to confirm its life mode. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of leaf spot caused by A. aureus on Cucumis melo L. in China.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wenhui Zhang
- Linyi University, 165082, Linyi, Shandong, China
- Philippine Christian University Center for International Education, Malate, Philippines;
| | - Jinchang Liang
- Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Institute of Tobacco Research, 243822, Qingdao, Shandong, China;
| | - Lizheng Cui
- Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Institute of Tobacco Research, 243822, Qingdao, Shandong, China;
| | - Zhenzhen Cui
- Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Institute of Tobacco Research, 243822, Qingdao, Shandong, China;
| | - Wenjing Wang
- Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Institute of Tobacco Research, 243822, Qingdao, Shandong, China;
| | - De-Jie Cheng
- Guangxi University, 12664, Plant Protection, Agricultural College of Guangxi University, Nanning City, Guangxi Province, China, Nanning, China, 530005;
| | - Xiaoqiang Wang
- plant protection, keyuan jing forth road, laoshan district, qingdao, shandong, China, 276000;
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Shahwar D, Khan Z, Park Y. Molecular Marker-Assisted Mapping, Candidate Gene Identification, and Breeding in Melon ( Cucumis melo L.): A Review. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15490. [PMID: 37895169 PMCID: PMC10607903 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Melon (Cucumis melo L.) is an important crop that is cultivated worldwide for its fleshy fruit. Understanding the genetic basis of a plant's qualitative and quantitative traits is essential for developing consumer-favored varieties. This review presents genetic and molecular advances related to qualitative and quantitative phenotypic traits and biochemical compounds in melons. This information guides trait incorporation and the production of novel varieties with desirable horticultural and economic characteristics and yield performance. This review summarizes the quantitative trait loci, candidate genes, and development of molecular markers related to plant architecture, branching patterns, floral attributes (sex expression and male sterility), fruit attributes (shape, rind and flesh color, yield, biochemical compounds, sugar content, and netting), and seed attributes (seed coat color and size). The findings discussed in this review will enhance demand-driven breeding to produce cultivars that benefit consumers and melon breeders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Durre Shahwar
- Department of Horticultural Bioscience, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, Republic of Korea;
| | - Zeba Khan
- Center for Agricultural Education, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India;
| | - Younghoon Park
- Department of Horticultural Bioscience, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, Republic of Korea;
- Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, Republic of Korea
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Nguyen PDT, Tran DT, Thieu HH, Lao TD, Le TAH, Nguyen NH. Hybridization Between the Canary Melon and a Vietnamese Non-sweet Melon Cultivar Aiming to Improve the Growth Performance and Fruit Quality in Melon ( Cucumis melo L.). Mol Biotechnol 2023:10.1007/s12033-023-00806-y. [PMID: 37402957 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-023-00806-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
Canary melon has been widely consumed as a dessert fruit due to its fragrance, sweetness, and flavorful taste. However, the cultivation of this cultivar has been challenged in Vietnam because of its weak growth performance and high susceptibility to local pathogens. In this study, we aim to generate the hybrid melon lines between the Canary melon and a local non-sweet melon that are expected to produce good quality fruits as well as to show better growth performance in the local cultivation conditions. Two crossing pairs including (1) MS hybrid (♂ non-sweet melon × ♀ Canary melon) and (2) MN-S hybrid (♂ Canary melon × ♀ non-sweet melon) were carried out and two hybrid lines were subsequently obtained. Next, different phenotypic and physiological parameters such as stem length, stem diameter, 10th leaf diameter, fruit size, fruit weight, and fruit sweetness (pH, °Brix, and soluble sugar contents) were examined and compared between the parental lines (Canary melon and non-sweet melon) and the hybrid lines (MS and MN-S). The results showed that the stem length and fruit size and weight of MS and MN-S hybrids were higher than those of Canary melon. Basically, the content of sugars (sucrose, glucose, and fructose) is a primary and important factor in determining the sweetness of the melon. The pH, °Brix, sucrose and glucose contents of MS hybrid and Canary melon fruits were higher in comparison to MN-S and non-sweet melon fruits. Accordingly, the transcript levels of different sugar metabolism-related genes including SUCROSE SYNTHASE 1 (SUS1), SUS2, UDPGLC EPIMERASE 3 (UGE3), and SUCROSE-P SYNTHASE 2 (SPS2) were examined in all studied lines. In the fruits, the expression levels of these genes were found to be highest in the Canary melon, average in the MS hybrid, and relatively low in the MN-S hybrid and non-sweet melons. Taken together, the heterosis in terms of plant and fruit size was obviously observed in this crossing approach. The relatively high fruit sweetness in the MS hybrid (the mother is Canary melon) also implies that the choice of the mother for crossing is very important since it can determine the fruit quality of the offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phuong Dong Tran Nguyen
- Faculty of Biotechnology, Ho Chi Minh City Open University, 35-37 Ho Hao Hon Street, District 1, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
| | - Dat Tan Tran
- Faculty of Biotechnology, Ho Chi Minh City Open University, 35-37 Ho Hao Hon Street, District 1, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Hue Hong Thieu
- Faculty of Biotechnology, Ho Chi Minh City Open University, 35-37 Ho Hao Hon Street, District 1, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Thuan Duc Lao
- Faculty of Biotechnology, Ho Chi Minh City Open University, 35-37 Ho Hao Hon Street, District 1, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Thuy Ai Huyen Le
- Faculty of Biotechnology, Ho Chi Minh City Open University, 35-37 Ho Hao Hon Street, District 1, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Hoai Nguyen
- Faculty of Biotechnology, Ho Chi Minh City Open University, 35-37 Ho Hao Hon Street, District 1, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
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8
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Queiroz JLCD, Medeiros I, Lima MSR, Carvalho FMCD, Camillo CS, Santos PPDA, Guerra GCB, da Silva VC, Schroeder HT, Krause M, Morais AHDA, Passos TS. Efficacy of Carotenoid-Loaded Gelatin Nanoparticles in Reducing Plasma Cytokines and Adipocyte Hypertrophy in Wistar Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10657. [PMID: 37445834 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study investigated the effect of gelatin-based nanoparticles (EPG) loaded with a carotenoid-rich crude extract (CE) on systemic and adipose tissue inflammatory response in a model with inflammation induced by a high glycemic index and high glycemic load diet (HGLI). Nanoparticles synthesized were characterized by different physical and chemical methods. The in vivo investigation evaluated Wistar rats (n = 20, 11 days, adult male with 21 weeks) subdivided into untreated (HGLI diet), conventional treatment (nutritionally adequate diet), treatment 1 (HGLI + crude extract (12.5 mg/kg)), and treatment 2 (HGLI + EPG (50 mg/kg)) groups. Dietary intake, caloric intake and efficiency, weight, inflammatory cytokines tissue concentration, visceral adipose tissue (VAT) weight, histopathological analysis, and antioxidant activity in plasma and VAT were investigated. EPG showed the same physical and chemical characteristics as previous batches (95.2 nm, smooth surface, and chemical interactions between materials). The EPG-treated group was the only group promoting negative ∆dietary intake, ∆caloric efficiency, and ∆weight. In addition, it presented a significant reduction (p < 0.05) in IL-6 and leptin levels and a greater presence of multilocular adipocytes. The results suggest that EPG can act as a nutraceutical in adjuvant therapy for treating inflammatory diseases associated with adipose tissue accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaluza Luana C de Queiroz
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Postgraduate Program, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-970, Brazil
| | - Isaiane Medeiros
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Postgraduate Program, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-970, Brazil
| | - Mayara S R Lima
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Postgraduate Program, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-970, Brazil
| | - Fabiana Maria C de Carvalho
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Postgraduate Program, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-970, Brazil
- Nutrition Course, Potiguar University, Natal 59056-000, Brazil
| | - Christina S Camillo
- Postgraduate Program in Structural and Functional Biology, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-970, Brazil
| | - Pedro Paulo de A Santos
- Postgraduate Program in Structural and Functional Biology, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-970, Brazil
| | - Gerlane C B Guerra
- Development and Technological Innovation in Medicines Postgraduate Program, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-970, Brazil
| | - Valéria C da Silva
- Development and Technological Innovation in Medicines Postgraduate Program, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-970, Brazil
| | - Helena T Schroeder
- Laboratory of Inflammation, Metabolism and Exercise Research (LAPIMEX) and Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90050-170, Brazil
| | - Mauricio Krause
- Laboratory of Inflammation, Metabolism and Exercise Research (LAPIMEX) and Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90050-170, Brazil
| | - Ana Heloneida de A Morais
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Postgraduate Program, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-970, Brazil
- Nutrition Postgraduate Program, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-970, Brazil
| | - Thaís S Passos
- Nutrition Postgraduate Program, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-970, Brazil
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9
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Xue S, Bi Y, Ackah S, Li Z, Li B, Wang B, Wang Y, Li Y, Prusky D. Sodium silicate treatment accelerates biosynthesis and polymerization of suberin polyaliphatics monomers at wounds of muskmelon. Food Chem 2023; 417:135847. [PMID: 36924714 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.135847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
Suberin polyaliphatics (SPA) is an important component of healing closing layer at fruit wounds. However, few study is available on the effect of sodium silicon treatment on SPA monomers biosynthesis and polymerization at muskmelon wounds. In this study, sodium silicate enhanced PLA2 (Phospholipase A2, PLA2) expression and enzyme activity, increased oleic acid, linoleic acid, and linolenic acid contents, and degree of fatty acids unsaturation at wounds. Sodium silicate upregulated the expressions of LACS4 (Long chain acyl CoA synthetase, LACS), KCS10 (β-ketoacyl CoA synthase, KCS), CYP86B1 (Cytochrome P450 oxygenase, CYP), FAR3 (Fatty acyl CoA reductase, FAR), GPAT1 (Glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase, GPAT) and ABCG6 (ATP-binding cassette transporter), as well as their enzymes activities and ABC content. It is suggested that sodium silicate accelerates the deposition of SPA at muskmelon wounds by increasing the degree of fatty acids unsaturation, and promoting SPA monomers biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sulin Xue
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Yang Bi
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
| | - Sabina Ackah
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Zhicheng Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Baojun Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Bin Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Yi Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Yongcai Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Dov Prusky
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; Department of Postharvest Science of Fresh Produce, Agricultural Research Organization, Rishon LeZion 7505101, Israel
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10
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Zhang T, Xu N, Amanullah S, Gao P. Genome-wide identification, evolution, and expression analysis of MLO gene family in melon ( Cucumis melo L.). Front Plant Sci 2023; 14:1144317. [PMID: 36909404 PMCID: PMC9998560 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1144317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Powdery mildew (PM) is one of the main fungal diseases that appear during the cultivation of the melon fruit crop. Mildew Resistance Locus "O" (MLO) is known as a gene family and has seven conserved transmembrane domains. An induced functional loss of a specific MLO gene could mainly confer PM resistance to melons. However, the genomic structure of MLO genes and its main role in PM resistance still remain unclear in melon. In this study, bioinformatic analysis identified a total of 14 MLO gene family members in the melon genome sequence, and these genes were distributed in an uneven manner on eight chromosomes. The phylogenetic analysis divided the CmMLO genes into five different clades, and gene structural analysis showed that genes in the same clade had similar intron and exon distribution patterns. In addition, by cloning the CmMLO gene sequence in four melon lines, analyzing the CmMLO gene expression pattern after infection, and making microscopic observations of the infection pattern of PM, we concluded that the CmMLO5 (MELO3C012438) gene plays a negative role in regulating PM-resistance in the susceptible melon line (Topmark), and the critical time point for gene function was noticed at 24 and 72 hours after PM infection. The mutational analysis exhibited a single base mutation at 572 bp, which further results in loss of protein function, thus conferring PM resistance in melon. In summary, our research evidence provides a thorough understanding of the CmMLO gene family and demonstrates their potential role in disease resistance, as well as a theoretical foundation for melon disease resistance breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taifeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticulture Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin, China
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Nan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticulture Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin, China
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Sikandar Amanullah
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticulture Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin, China
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Peng Gao
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticulture Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin, China
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
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11
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Dos-Santos N, Bueso MC, Díaz A, Moreno E, Garcia-Mas J, Monforte AJ, Fernández-Trujillo JP. Thorough Characterization of ETHQB3.5, a QTL Involved in Melon Fruit Climacteric Behavior and Aroma Volatile Composition. Foods 2023; 12. [PMID: 36673468 DOI: 10.3390/foods12020376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The effect of the QTL involved in climacteric ripening ETHQB3.5 on the fruit VOC composition was studied using a set of Near-Isogenic Lines (NILs) containing overlapping introgressions from the Korean accession PI 16375 on the chromosome 3 in the climacteric 'Piel de Sapo' (PS) genetic background. ETHQB3.5 was mapped in an interval of 1.24 Mb that contained a NAC transcription factor. NIL fruits also showed differences in VOC composition belonging to acetate esters, non-acetate esters, and sulfur-derived families. Cosegregation of VOC composition (23 out of 48 total QTLs were mapped) and climacteric ripening was observed, suggesting a pleiotropic effect of ETHQB3.5. On the other hand, other VOCs (mainly alkanes, aldehydes, and ketones) showed a pattern of variation independent of ETHQB3.5 effects, indicating the presence of other genes controlling non-climacteric ripening VOCs. Network correlation analysis and hierarchical clustering found groups of highly correlated compounds and confirmed the involvement of the climacteric differences in compound classes and VOC differences. The modification of melon VOCs may be achieved with or without interfering with its physiological behavior, but it is likely that high relative concentrations of some type of ethylene-dependent esters could be achieved in climacteric cultivars.
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12
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Pan H, Sun Y, Qiao M, Qi H. Beta-galactosidase gene family genome-wide identification and expression analysis of members related to fruit softening in melon ( Cucumis melo L.). BMC Genomics 2022; 23:795. [PMID: 36460944 PMCID: PMC9716742 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-022-09006-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Texture quality is impotent for melon (Cucumis melo L.) fruit. β-galactosidase (β-Gal, EC 3.2.1.23) is an important cell wall glycosyl hydrolase involved in fruit softening, However, the β-Gal gene (BGALs) family hasn't been identified genome-wide in melon. Thus, it's necessary to conduct an in-depth bioinformatic analysis on melon BGALs family and to seek out the key members who participated in melon fruit softening. RESULTS A total of 21 BGALs members designated as CmBGAL1-CmBGAL21 were identified genome-wide in melon, clustered into A-G seven clades. Among them, three duplications CmBGAL1:CmBGAL3, CmBGAL19:CmBGAL21, and CmBGAL20:CmBGAL21 happened. For conserved domains, besides the Glyco_hydro_35 domain (PF01301), all the members also contained the GHD domain (PF17834) except for CmBGAL12, and the Gal_Lectin (PF02140) domain existed in most CmBGALs at the C-termini. Motifs, protein secondary and tertiary structure analysis showed that the CmBGAL12 is a unique member. Moreover, protein-protein association network analysis showed that the CmBGAL12 is the only node protein. Furthermore, spatiotemporal expression pattern analysis by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) suggested that most of CmBGALs expressed in tissues with vigorous cell wall remodeling/disassembly. In addition, cis-acting regulatory elements analysis in promoters inferred that CmBGALs might participate in diverse responsiveness to phytohormone, biotic and abiotic signaling. CONCLUSIONS A novel clade of CmBGAL members (Clade F) related to melon fruit softening was discovered, since their expression showed a specific surge in the mature fruit of 'HPM' with mealy texture (softening sharply), but not in 'HDB' with crisp texture (softening bluntly). The homologous CmBGAL7-11 in Clade F exhibited identical spatiotemporal expression patterns may multiple genes leading to melon fruit softening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haobin Pan
- grid.412557.00000 0000 9886 8131College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, No.120 Dongling Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866 People’s Republic of China ,Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture of Education Ministry and Liaoning Province, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866 People’s Republic of China ,Northern National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Horticultural Facilities Design and Application Technology (Liaoning), Shenyang, Liaoning 110866 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yinhan Sun
- grid.412557.00000 0000 9886 8131College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, No.120 Dongling Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866 People’s Republic of China ,Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture of Education Ministry and Liaoning Province, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866 People’s Republic of China ,Northern National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Horticultural Facilities Design and Application Technology (Liaoning), Shenyang, Liaoning 110866 People’s Republic of China
| | - Miaomiao Qiao
- grid.412557.00000 0000 9886 8131College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, No.120 Dongling Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866 People’s Republic of China ,Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture of Education Ministry and Liaoning Province, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866 People’s Republic of China ,Northern National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Horticultural Facilities Design and Application Technology (Liaoning), Shenyang, Liaoning 110866 People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongyan Qi
- grid.412557.00000 0000 9886 8131College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, No.120 Dongling Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866 People’s Republic of China ,Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture of Education Ministry and Liaoning Province, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866 People’s Republic of China ,Northern National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Horticultural Facilities Design and Application Technology (Liaoning), Shenyang, Liaoning 110866 People’s Republic of China
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13
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Zhang Z, Wen Y, Yuan L, Zhang Y, Liu J, Zhou F, Wang Q, Hu X. Genome-Wide Identification, Characterization, and Expression Analysis Related to Low-Temperature Stress of the CmGLP Gene Family in Cucumis melo L. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:8190. [PMID: 35897766 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Germin-like protein (GLP) participates in plant growth and development and plays an important role in plant stress. In the present study, 22 CmGLPs belonging to five classes were identified in the melon genome. Each member of the CmGLPs family contains a typical Cupin_1 domain. We conducted a genome-wide analysis of the melon GLP gene family characterization. CmGLPs were randomly distributed in the melon chromosomes, with the largest number on chromosome 8, having eight family members. Gene duplication events drive the evolution and expansion of the melon GLP gene family. Based on the phylogenetic tree analysis of GLP proteins in melon, rice, Arabidopsis, and cucumber, it was found that the GLP gene families of different species have diverged in evolution. Based on qRT-PCR results, all members of the CmGLP gene family could be expressed in different tissues of melon. Most CmGLP genes were up-regulated after low-temperature stress. The relative expression of CmGLP2-5 increased by 157.13 times at 48 h after low-temperature treatment. This finding suggests that the CmGLP2-5 might play an important role in low-temperature stress in melon. Furthermore, quantitative dual LUC assays indicated that CmMYB23 and CmWRKY33 can bind the promoter fragment of the CmGLP2-5. These results were helpful in understanding the functional succession and evolution of the melon GLP gene family and further revealed the response of CmGLPs to low-temperature stress in melon.
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14
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Mao X, Yang Y, Guan P, Geng L, Ma L, Di H, Liu W, Li B. Remediation of organic amendments on soil salinization: Focusing on the relationship between soil salts and microbial communities. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2022; 239:113616. [PMID: 35588623 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Soil salinization has emerged as a major factor with an adverse influence on agricultural green development worldwide. It is necessary to develop high-efficiency and ecologically beneficial management measures for alleviating soil salinization. The experiment of application for cow manure (CM), biochar (BC), and bio-organic fertilizer (BIO) in soil with light salinity was conducted to investigate the remediation of organic materials on soil salinization with melon (Cucumis melo L.) by reducing the availability of saline ions and shifting the soil microbial community. Results showed that BC treatment significantly decreased the EC values of the soil and soil solution by 19.23% and 27.02% and the concentrations of Na+, K+, and Cl- by 13.28%, 13.08%, and 15.21%, respectively, followed by CM and BIO treatments. High-throughput sequencing identified that organic amendments significantly improved the richness of the soil bacterial community and increased the relative abundances of Acidobacteria and Firmicutes by 33.11% and 111.2%, respectively, and the beneficial salt-tolerant bacterial genera Flavobacterium, Bacillus and Arthrobacter by 32.04%, 38.92% and 35.67%, respectively. Additionally, soil Na+, Ca2+, K+ and Cl- were significantly negatively correlated with Acidobacteria and Flavobacterium and were also the most important factors driving the changes in the structure of the soil bacterial communities. The bacterial networks were more complex in the organic amendments treatments than in CK, reflecting through more nodes and links and a higher average clustering coefficient, density and modularity. This study provided a comprehensive understanding of the application of organic amendments in alleviating soil salinization and improving soil bacterial and fungal communities and provides scientific support for agriculture green development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxi Mao
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Key Laboratory for Farmland Eco-environment of Hebei Province, Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green & Efficient Vegetable Industry, College of Resources and Environmental Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Yang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Key Laboratory for Farmland Eco-environment of Hebei Province, Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green & Efficient Vegetable Industry, College of Resources and Environmental Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Peibin Guan
- Qingdao Minhe Biotechnology Co. Ltd, Shangdong Province, 266000, China
| | - Liping Geng
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Key Laboratory for Farmland Eco-environment of Hebei Province, Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green & Efficient Vegetable Industry, College of Resources and Environmental Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Li Ma
- Agricultural and Rural Bureau of Yongqing, Yongqing, Hebei Province, 065600, China
| | - Hongjie Di
- Centre for Soil and Environmental Research, Lincoln University, Lincoln, Christchurch 7647, New Zealand
| | - Wenju Liu
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Key Laboratory for Farmland Eco-environment of Hebei Province, Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green & Efficient Vegetable Industry, College of Resources and Environmental Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China.
| | - Bowen Li
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Key Laboratory for Farmland Eco-environment of Hebei Province, Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green & Efficient Vegetable Industry, College of Resources and Environmental Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China.
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15
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Li Z, Xu X, Xue S, Gong D, Wang B, Zheng X, Xie P, Bi Y, Prusky D. Preharvest multiple sprays with chitosan promotes the synthesis and deposition of lignin at wounds of harvested muskmelons. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 206:167-174. [PMID: 35227704 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.02.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
As an important elicitor, chitosan could activate the synthesis of lignin in many plants. However, no report is available on whether preharvest chitosan sprays affects the synthesis and deposition of lignin at wounds of harvested muskmelons. In the present study, the plants and fruit of muskmelons were multiple sprayed with 0.1% chitosan during fruit development. Here, we found that chitosan sprays increased the activities of 4-coumaric acid-coenzyme A ligase, cinnamyl-CoA reductase and cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase, and elevated the levels of p-coumaryl alcohol, coniferyl alcohol, sinapyl alcohol and lignin at wounds. Chitosan sprays enhanced H2O2 level and peroxidase activity, and accelerated the deposition of lignin at wounds. Moreover, chitosan sprays resulted in a higher hardness and lower resilience, springiness and cohesiveness of the healing tissues. Taken together, preharvest chitosan sprays accelerated the deposition of lignin at wounds of muskmelons by activating lignin metabolism, and increasing H2O2 content and peroxidase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhicheng Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Xiaoqin Xu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Sulin Xue
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Di Gong
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Bin Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Zheng
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Pengdong Xie
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Yang Bi
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
| | - Dov Prusky
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; Department of Postharvest Science of Fresh Produce, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion 7505101, Israel
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16
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Mayobre C, Pereira L, Eltahiri A, Bar E, Lewinsohn E, Garcia-Mas J, Pujol M. Genetic dissection of aroma biosynthesis in melon and its relationship with climacteric ripening. Food Chem 2021; 353:129484. [PMID: 33812162 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.129484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Revised: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Aroma is an essential trait in melon fruit quality, but its complexity and genetic basis are still poorly understood. The aim of this study was the identification of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) underlying volatile organic compounds (VOCs) biosynthesis in melon rind and flesh, using a Recombinant Inbred Line (RIL) population from the cross 'Piel de Sapo' (PS) × 'Védrantais' (VED), two commercial varieties segregating for ripening behavior. A total of 82 VOCs were detected by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and 166 QTLs were identified. The main QTL cluster was on chromosome 8, collocating with the previously described ripening-related QTL ETHQV8.1, with an important role in VOCs biosynthesis. QTL clusters involved in esters, lipid-derived volatiles and apocarotenoids were also identified, and candidate genes have been proposed for ethyl 3-(methylthio)propanoate and benzaldehyde biosynthesis. Our results provide genetic insights for deciphering fruit aroma in melon and offer new tools for flavor breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Mayobre
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG) CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Edifici CRAG, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lara Pereira
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG) CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Edifici CRAG, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Abdelali Eltahiri
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG) CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Edifici CRAG, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Einat Bar
- Department of Vegetable Crops, Newe Ya'ar Research Center, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Ramat Yishay, Israel
| | - Efraim Lewinsohn
- Department of Vegetable Crops, Newe Ya'ar Research Center, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Ramat Yishay, Israel
| | - Jordi Garcia-Mas
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG) CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Edifici CRAG, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain; Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries (IRTA), Edifici CRAG, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Marta Pujol
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG) CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Edifici CRAG, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain; Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries (IRTA), Edifici CRAG, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
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Zarid M, García-Carpintero V, Esteras C, Esteva J, Bueso MC, Cañizares J, Picó MB, Monforte AJ, Fernández-Trujillo JP. Transcriptomic analysis of a near-isogenic line of melon with high fruit flesh firmness during ripening. J Sci Food Agric 2021; 101:754-777. [PMID: 32713003 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.10688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2018] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A near-isogenic line (NIL) of melon (SC10-2) with introgression in linkage group X was studied from harvest (at firm-ripe stage of maturity) until day 18 of postharvest storage at 20.5 °C together with its parental control ('Piel de Sapo', PS). RESULTS SC10-2 showed higher flesh firmness and whole fruit hardness but lower juiciness than its parental. SC10-2 showed a decrease in respiration rate accompanied by a decrease in ethylene production during ripening, both of which fell to a greater extent than in PS. The introgression affected 11 volatile organic compounds (VOCs), the levels of which during ripening were generally higher in SC10-2 than in PS. Transcriptomic analysis from RNA-Seq revealed differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with the effects studied. For example, 909 DEGs were exclusive to the introgression, and only 23 DEGs were exclusive to postharvest ripening time. Major functions of the DEGs associated with introgression or ripening time were identified by cluster analysis. About 37 genes directly and/or indirectly affected the delay in ripening of SC10-2 compared with PS in general and, more particularly, the physiological and quality traits measured and, probably, the differential non-climacteric response. Of the former genes, we studied in more detail at least five that mapped in the introgression in linkage group (LG) X, and 32 outside it. CONCLUSION There is an apparent control of textural changes, VOCs and fruit ripening by an expression quantitative trait locus located in LG X together with a direct control on them due to genes presented in the introgression (CmTrpD, CmNADH1, CmTCP15, CmGDSL esterase/lipase, and CmHK4-like) and CmNAC18. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Zarid
- Department of Agronomical Engineering, Regional Campus of International Excellence 'Campus Mare Nostrum' (CMN), Technical University of Cartagena (UPCT), Cartagena, Spain
| | - Victor García-Carpintero
- Centro de Conservación y Mejora de la Agrodiversidad Valenciana (COMAV), Ciudad Politécnica de la Innovación, Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV), Valencia, Spain
| | - Cristina Esteras
- Centro de Conservación y Mejora de la Agrodiversidad Valenciana (COMAV), Ciudad Politécnica de la Innovación, Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV), Valencia, Spain
| | - Juan Esteva
- Department of Agronomical Engineering, Regional Campus of International Excellence 'Campus Mare Nostrum' (CMN), Technical University of Cartagena (UPCT), Cartagena, Spain
| | - María C Bueso
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, CMN, UPCT, Cartagena, Spain
| | - Joaquín Cañizares
- Centro de Conservación y Mejora de la Agrodiversidad Valenciana (COMAV), Ciudad Politécnica de la Innovación, Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV), Valencia, Spain
| | - María B Picó
- Centro de Conservación y Mejora de la Agrodiversidad Valenciana (COMAV), Ciudad Politécnica de la Innovación, Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV), Valencia, Spain
| | - Antonio J Monforte
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas (IBMCP), CSIC/Universidad Politécnica de Valencia (UPV), Ciudad Politécnica de la Innovación, Valencia, Spain
| | - J Pablo Fernández-Trujillo
- Department of Agronomical Engineering, Regional Campus of International Excellence 'Campus Mare Nostrum' (CMN), Technical University of Cartagena (UPCT), Cartagena, Spain
- Institute of Plant Biotechnology, CMN, UPCT, Cartagena, Spain
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Farcuh M, Copes B, Le-Navenec G, Marroquin J, Cantu D, Bradford KJ, Guinard JX, Van Deynze A. Sensory, physicochemical and volatile compound analysis of short and long shelf-life melon ( Cucumis melo L.) genotypes at harvest and after postharvest storage. Food Chem X 2020; 8:100107. [PMID: 33103112 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2020.100107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Maturity at harvest and after storage plus genotype impact melon fruit flavor. Volatiles increased in storage for all melon genotypes with esters being dominant. Short shelf-life melons associated with esters, sulphur compounds and a terpenoid. Long shelf-life melons related with green/grassy aroma/flavor, firmness, aldehydes.
Flavor is a key attribute defining melon fruit quality and driving consumer preferences. We characterized and compared fruit ripening patterns (ethylene, respiration), physicochemical properties (rind/flesh color, firmness, soluble solids, acidity), aroma volatiles, and flavor-related sensory attributes in seven melon genotypes differing in shelf life capacity. Fruits were evaluated at optimal maturity and after storage for six days at 5 °C plus one day at room temperature. Total volatile content increased after storage in all genotypes, with esters being dominant. Shorter shelf-life genotypes, displaying a sharper climacteric phase, correlated with fruity/floral/sweet flavor-related descriptors, and with esters, sulfur-containing compounds and a terpenoid. Longer shelf-life types were associated with firmness, green and grassy aroma/flavor and aldehydes. Multivariate regression identified key volatiles that predict flavor sensory perception, which could accelerate breeding of longer shelf-life melons with improved flavor characteristics.
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Ismail SI, Noor Asha NA, Zulperi D. First Report of Fusarium incarnatum-equiseti Species Complex Causing Leaf Spot on Rockmelon ( Cucumis melo L.) in Malaysia. Plant Dis 2020; 105:1197. [PMID: 33135990 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-06-20-1380-pdn] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Rockmelon, (Cucumis melo L.) is an economically important crop cultivated in Malaysia. In October 2019, severe leaf spot symptoms with a disease incidence of 40% were observed on the leaves of rockmelon cv. Golden Champion at Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM). Symptoms appeared as brown necrotic spots, 10 to 30 mm in diameter, with spots surrounded by chlorotic halos. Pieces (5 x 5 mm) of diseased tissue were sterilized with 0.5% NaOCl for 1 min, rinsed three times with sterile distilled water, plated onto potato dextrose agar (PDA) and incubated at 25°C for 7 days with a 12-h photoperiod. Nine morphologically similar isolates were obtained by using single spore isolation technique and a representative isolate B was characterized further. Colonies were abundant, whitish aerial mycelium with orange pigmentation. The isolates produced macroconidia with 5 to 6 septa, a tapered with pronounced dorsiventral curvature and measured 25 to 30 μm long x 3 to 5 μm wide. Microconidia produced after 12 days of incubation were single-celled, hyaline, ovoid, nonseptate, and 1.0 to 3.0 × 4.0 to 10.0 µm. Morphological characteristics of the isolates were similar to the taxonomic description of Fusarium equiseti (Leslie and Summerell 2006). Genomic DNA was extracted from fresh mycelium using DNeasy Plant Mini kit (Qiagen, USA). To confirm the identity of the fungus, two sets of primers, ITS4/ITS5 (White et al. 1990) and TEF1-α, EF1-728F/EF1-986R (Carbone and Kohn 1999) were used to amplify complete internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and partial translation elongation factor 1-alpha (TEF1-α) genes, respectively. BLASTn search in the NCBI database using ITS and TEF-1α sequences revealed 99 to 100% similarities with species of both F. incarnatum and F. equiseti. BLAST analysis of these in FUSARIUM-ID database showed 100% and 99% similarity with Fusarium incarnatum-F. equiseti species complex (FIESC) (NRRL34059 [EF-1α] and NRRL43619 [ITS]) respectively (Geiser et al. 2004). The ITS and TEF1-α sequences were deposited in GenBank (MT515832 and MT550682). The isolate was identified as F. equiseti, which belongs to the FIESC based on morphological and molecular characteristics. Pathogenicity was conducted on five healthy leaves of 1-month-old rockmelon cv. Golden Champion grown in 5 plastic pots filled with sterile peat moss. The leaves were surface-sterilized with 70% ethanol and rinsed twice with sterile-distilled water. Then, the leaves were wounded using 34-mm-diameter florist pin frog and inoculated by pipetting 20-μl conidial suspension (1 × 106 conidia/ml) of 7-day-old culture of isolate B onto the wound sites. Control leaves were inoculated with sterile-distilled water only. The inoculated plants were covered with plastic bags for 5 days and maintained in a greenhouse at 25 °C, 90% relative humidity with a photoperiod of 12-h. After 7 days, inoculated leaves developed necrotic lesions similar to the symptoms observed in the field while the control treatment remained asymptomatic. The fungus was reisolated from the infected leaves and was morphologically identical to the original isolate. F. equiseti was previously reported causing fruit rot of watermelon in Georgia (Li and Ji 2015) and China (Li et al. 2018). This pathogen could cause serious damage to established rockmelon as it can spread rapidly in the field. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a member of the Fusarium incarnatum-F.equiseti species complex causing leaf spot on Cucumis melo in Malaysia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siti Izera Ismail
- Universiti Putra Malaysia, 37449, Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture, 561998, Laboratory of Climate-Smart Food Crop Production, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security (ITAFoS), , Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia;
| | - Nur Ainina Noor Asha
- Universiti Putra Malaysia, 37449, Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia;
| | - Dzarifah Zulperi
- Universiti Putra Malaysia, 37449, Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia;
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Wang J, Zhang Z, Wu J, Han X, Wang-Pruski G, Zhang Z. Genome-wide identification, characterization, and expression analysis related to autotoxicity of the GST gene family in Cucumis melo L. Plant Physiol Biochem 2020; 155:59-69. [PMID: 32739875 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.06.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Glutathione S-transferase (GST) plays an important role in plant resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses. In this paper, the characteristics of melon GST gene family members were analyzed from a genome-wide perspective. Forty-nine GSTs were identified in melon genome, belonging to eight classes. Through the phylogenetic analysis of GST proteins in melon and other plants, it was found that members from the same subfamily in different species clustered together, indicating that the subfamilies of GST have diversified before the divergence within these species. The results of chromosome mapping showed that GSTs were present in all chromosomes except for chromosome 5. Gene replication events played an important role in the expansion and evolution of melon GST gene family. Ten GSTs with significant differential expression were screened in the transcriptome database related to melon autotoxicity stress. The differential expression of these 10 GSTs was detected in roots and leaves of melon seedlings treated with cinnamic acid. The relative expression level of CmGSTU7, CmGSTU10, CmGSTU18, CmGSTF2 and CmGSTL1 in roots of melon seedlings was significantly higher than that in control group. It suggested that the five GSTs might play an important role in cinnamic acid mediated autotoxicity stress in melon. The results of this paper were helpful to reveal the evolution and functional succession of GST family and further understand the response of GST to autotoxicity stress in melon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingrong Wang
- Joint FAFU-Dalhousie Lab, College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Zhengda Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Jinghua Wu
- Joint FAFU-Dalhousie Lab, College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Xiaoyun Han
- Joint FAFU-Dalhousie Lab, College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Gefu Wang-Pruski
- Joint FAFU-Dalhousie Lab, College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China; Department of Plant, Food and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS, B2N 5E3, Canada
| | - Zhizhong Zhang
- Joint FAFU-Dalhousie Lab, College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China.
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21
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Ding Z, Cui H, Zhu Q, Wu Y, Zhang T, Qiu B, Gao P. Complete sequence of mitochondrial genome of Cucumis melo L. Mitochondrial DNA B Resour 2020; 5:3176-3177. [PMID: 33458102 PMCID: PMC7782283 DOI: 10.1080/23802359.2020.1808543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Cucumis melo L. is one of the most important fruit-type vegetables in the world. This genome is divided into a main loop and two small loops. The length of the main loop is 2,709,526 bp, and the two small loops are 149,555 bp and 47,592 bp long, respectively. There are 88 coding genes in the melon mitochondrial genome, including 40 protein-coding genes (which accounted for about 1.23% of the whole genome), 8 rRNAs, and 40 tRNAs. The total length of rRNAs and tRNAs spans 0.31% of the total genome sequence. Among the 88 mitochondrial coding genes, only 5 tRNAs were located into the second largest circular DNA molecule. The complete mitogenome sequence provided herein would help understand C. melo evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Ding
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.,Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticulture Crops (Northeast Region), Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Haonan Cui
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.,Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticulture Crops (Northeast Region), Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Qianglong Zhu
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, P.R. China
| | - Yue Wu
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.,Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticulture Crops (Northeast Region), Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Taifeng Zhang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.,Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticulture Crops (Northeast Region), Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Boyan Qiu
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.,Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticulture Crops (Northeast Region), Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Peng Gao
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.,Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticulture Crops (Northeast Region), Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
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Liu P, Wang S, Wang X, Yang X, Li Q, Wang C, Chen C, Shi Q, Ren Z, Wang L. Genome-wide characterization of two-component system (TCS) genes in melon ( Cucumis melo L.). Plant Physiol Biochem 2020; 151:197-213. [PMID: 32229405 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
To better understand cytokinin signaling in melon (Cucumis melo L.), one of the most important fruit crops in the Cucurbitaceae family, we identified and characterized melon two-component system (TCS) genes in this study. The results showed that there were 51 genes encoding putative TCS proteins in melon, and these TCS genes were classified into 3 subgroups, with 17 HK(L)s (histidine kinase/histidine-kinase like; 9 HKs and 8 HKLs), 9 HPs (histidine phosphotransfer proteins; 6 authentic and 3 pseudo), and 25 RRs (response regulators; 8 Type-A, 11 Type-B and 6 pseudo). The identity values of these cytokinin signaling proteins were revealed by analyzing their conserved motifs, domains and amino acid sequences. By analyzing TCS genes in different plant species, we found that melon HK(L)s, HPs and RRs had closer phylogenetic relationships with cucumber genes than with the genes of other plants, and the expansion of melon cytokinin signaling genes might be attributed to segmental duplication events. Analysis of the putative promoter regions (2-kb upstream regions of the start codon) revealed the enrichment of stress- and hormone-response cis-elements. The involvement of these putative TCS genes in melon cytokinin signaling was further supported by qRT-PCR data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panjing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Tai'an, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Huanghuai Region), Tai'an, China; College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Shuoshuo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Tai'an, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Huanghuai Region), Tai'an, China; College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Xiangfei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Tai'an, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Huanghuai Region), Tai'an, China; College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Xiaoyu Yang
- College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Tai'an, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Huanghuai Region), Tai'an, China; College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Chao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Tai'an, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Huanghuai Region), Tai'an, China; College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Chunhua Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Tai'an, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Huanghuai Region), Tai'an, China; College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Qinghua Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Tai'an, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Huanghuai Region), Tai'an, China; College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Zhonghai Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Tai'an, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Huanghuai Region), Tai'an, China; College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China.
| | - Lina Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Tai'an, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Huanghuai Region), Tai'an, China; College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China.
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23
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Garzo E, Fernández-Pascual M, Morcillo C, Fereres A, Gómez-Guillamón ML, Tjallingii WF. Ultrastructure of compatible and incompatible interactions in phloem sieve elements during the stylet penetration by cotton aphids in melon. Insect Sci 2018; 25:631-642. [PMID: 28213963 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.12447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Revised: 01/09/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Resistance of the melon line TGR-1551 to the aphid Aphis gossypii is based on preventing aphids from ingesting phloem sap. In electrical penetration graphs (EPGs), this resistance has been characterized with A. gossypii showing unusually long phloem salivation periods (waveform E1) mostly followed by pathway activities (waveform C) or if followed by phloem ingestion (waveform E2), ingestion was not sustained for more than 10 min. Stylectomy with aphids on susceptible and resistant plants was performed during EPG recording while the stylet tips were phloem inserted. This was followed by dissection of the penetrated leaf section, plant tissue fixation, resin embedding, and ultrathin sectioning for transmission electron microscopic observation in order to study the resistance mechanism in the TGR. The most obvious aspect appeared to be the coagulation of phloem proteins inside the stylet canals and the punctured sieve elements. Stylets of 5 aphids per genotype were amputated during sieve element (SE) salivation (E1) and SE ingestion (E2). Cross-sections of stylet bundles in susceptible melon plants showed that the contents of the stylet canals were totally clear and also, no coagulated phloem proteins occurred in their punctured sieve elements. In contrast, electron-dense coagulations were found in both locations in the resistant plants. Due to calcium binding, aphid saliva has been hypothesized to play an essential role in preventing/suppressing such coagulations that cause occlusion of sieves plate and in the food canal of the aphid's stylets. Doubts about this role of E1 salivation are discussed on the basis of our results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Garzo
- Instituto de Ciencias Agrarias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (ICA-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
- Laboratory of Entomology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Mercedes Fernández-Pascual
- Instituto de Ciencias Agrarias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (ICA-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Cesar Morcillo
- Instituto de Ciencias Agrarias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (ICA-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Fereres
- Instituto de Ciencias Agrarias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (ICA-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - M Luisa Gómez-Guillamón
- Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea "La Mayora", Universidad de Málaga-CSIC (IHSM-UMA-CSIC), Algarrobo-Costa, Málaga, Spain
| | - W Fred Tjallingii
- Laboratory of Entomology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, the Netherlands
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Girelli CR, Accogli R, Del Coco L, Angilè F, De Bellis L, Fanizzi FP. 1H-NMR-based metabolomic profiles of different sweet melon ( Cucumis melo L.) Salento varieties: Analysis and comparison. Food Res Int 2018; 114:81-89. [PMID: 30361030 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2018.07.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Revised: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Melon (Cucumis melo L.) is a significant source of substances able to provide human health benefits. From the 18th century in the Salento area (Apulia region), the cultivation of melon varieties (C. melo L.) has always been intense. Over the years, the production of this fruit has involved a large number of selected and preserved varieties in the different local districts. Unfortunately, most of the characteristics of locally grown vegetable varieties do not match the food industry requirements. Moreover, the agricultural land abandon leads these varieties to quickly disappear, thus affecting the intraspecific biodiversity. In order to characterize the inter-variety diversity of sweet melon (C. melo L. ssp. melo group inodorus) and the potential differences in the nutritional quality of fruits, a first investigation on the juice of five sweet melon varieties (locally known as "allungato", "scurzune", "egiziano", "minna de monaca", "pinto"), cultivated exclusively in the Salento area, was performed by 1H-NMR spectroscopy and Multivariate Analysis (MVA). The analysis grouped the samples into clusters according to the different variety. Interestingly, a different sugar (mono and disaccharides) content was observed among the grouped varieties, being sweetness the main characteristic of sweet melon quality and taste. A relative higher accumulation of monosaccharides (α-d and β-d glucose and α/β-d fructose) was found, in particular for the "minna de monaca" with respect to "allungato", "egiziano" and "pinto" varieties. Moreover, a marked high content of polyphenols and aromatic aminoacids as phenylalanine and tyrosine characterize the "allungato", "minna de monaca" and "pinto" varieties. An NMR-based metabolomic approach was used for the first time to describe these local landraces. This method may integrate other actions in order to achieving a reduction in the current rate of erosion of the biodiversity of Apulian horticultural species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Roberta Girelli
- Di.S.Te.B.A., Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali, Università del Salento, prov.le Lecce Monteroni, Lecce, Italy
| | - Rita Accogli
- Di.S.Te.B.A., Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali, Università del Salento, prov.le Lecce Monteroni, Lecce, Italy
| | - Laura Del Coco
- Di.S.Te.B.A., Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali, Università del Salento, prov.le Lecce Monteroni, Lecce, Italy
| | - Federica Angilè
- Di.S.Te.B.A., Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali, Università del Salento, prov.le Lecce Monteroni, Lecce, Italy
| | - Luigi De Bellis
- Di.S.Te.B.A., Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali, Università del Salento, prov.le Lecce Monteroni, Lecce, Italy
| | - Francesco Paolo Fanizzi
- Di.S.Te.B.A., Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali, Università del Salento, prov.le Lecce Monteroni, Lecce, Italy.
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Gonda I, Davidovich-Rikanati R, Bar E, Lev S, Jhirad P, Meshulam Y, Wissotsky G, Portnoy V, Burger J, Schaffer AA, Tadmor Y, Giovannoni JJ, Fei Z, Fait A, Katzir N, Lewinsohn E. Differential metabolism of L-phenylalanine in the formation of aromatic volatiles in melon ( Cucumis melo L.) fruit. Phytochemistry 2018; 148:122-131. [PMID: 29448137 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2017.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Revised: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/23/2017] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Studies on the active pathways and the genes involved in the biosynthesis of L-phenylalanine-derived volatiles in fleshy fruits are sparse. Melon fruit rinds converted stable-isotope labeled L-phe into more than 20 volatiles. Phenylpropanes, phenylpropenes and benzenoids are apparently produced via the well-known phenylpropanoid pathway involving phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) and being (E)-cinnamic acid a key intermediate. Phenethyl derivatives seemed to be derived from L-phe via a separate biosynthetic route not involving (E)-cinnamic acid and PAL. To explore for a biosynthetic route to (E)-cinnamaldehyde in melon rinds, soluble protein cell-free extracts were assayed with (E)-cinnamic acid, CoA, ATP, NADPH and MgSO4, producing (E)-cinnamaldehyde in vitro. In this context, we characterized CmCNL, a gene encoding for (E)-cinnamic acid:coenzyme A ligase, inferred to be involved in the biosynthesis of (E)-cinnamaldehyde. Additionally we describe CmBAMT, a SABATH gene family member encoding a benzoic acid:S-adenosyl-L-methionine carboxyl methyltransferase having a role in the accumulation of methyl benzoate. Our approach leads to a more comprehensive understanding of L-phe metabolism into aromatic volatiles in melon fruit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Itay Gonda
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Newe Ya'ar Research Center, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, P.O. Box 1021, Ramat Yishay, 30095, Israel; The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, 84105, Israel
| | - Rachel Davidovich-Rikanati
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Newe Ya'ar Research Center, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, P.O. Box 1021, Ramat Yishay, 30095, Israel
| | - Einat Bar
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Newe Ya'ar Research Center, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, P.O. Box 1021, Ramat Yishay, 30095, Israel
| | - Shery Lev
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Newe Ya'ar Research Center, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, P.O. Box 1021, Ramat Yishay, 30095, Israel
| | - Pliaa Jhirad
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Newe Ya'ar Research Center, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, P.O. Box 1021, Ramat Yishay, 30095, Israel; ORT Braude College, Department of Biotechnology Engineering, Karmiel, Israel
| | - Yuval Meshulam
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Newe Ya'ar Research Center, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, P.O. Box 1021, Ramat Yishay, 30095, Israel; ORT Braude College, Department of Biotechnology Engineering, Karmiel, Israel
| | - Guy Wissotsky
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Newe Ya'ar Research Center, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, P.O. Box 1021, Ramat Yishay, 30095, Israel
| | - Vitaly Portnoy
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Newe Ya'ar Research Center, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, P.O. Box 1021, Ramat Yishay, 30095, Israel
| | - Joseph Burger
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Newe Ya'ar Research Center, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, P.O. Box 1021, Ramat Yishay, 30095, Israel
| | - Arthur A Schaffer
- Institute of Plant Sciences, The Volcani Center, Agricultural Research Organization, P.O. Box 6, Rishon LeZion, 76100, Israel
| | - Yaakov Tadmor
- The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, 84105, Israel
| | - James J Giovannoni
- Boyce Thompson Institute, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA; USDA-ARS Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Zhangjun Fei
- Boyce Thompson Institute, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA; USDA-ARS Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Aaron Fait
- The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, 84105, Israel
| | - Nurit Katzir
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Newe Ya'ar Research Center, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, P.O. Box 1021, Ramat Yishay, 30095, Israel
| | - Efraim Lewinsohn
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Newe Ya'ar Research Center, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, P.O. Box 1021, Ramat Yishay, 30095, Israel.
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Toti M, Carboni C, Botondi R. Postharvest gaseous ozone treatment enhances quality parameters and delays softening in cantaloupe melon during storage at 6 °C. J Sci Food Agric 2018; 98:487-494. [PMID: 28612399 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.8485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Revised: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 06/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A trial was conducted to evaluate the effect of postharvest gaseous ozone (O3 ) treatment on quality parameters and cell wall enzymes of cantaloupe melon cv. Caldeo during storage at 6 °C for 13 days. Fruits were kept in cold storage and treated with 0.15 ppm gaseous O3 during the day and 0.3 ppm overnight; control fruits (CK) were stored in normal atmosphere. RESULTS Firmness was higher and ethylene concentration significantly lower in O3 fruits compared with CK fruits. During storage, microbial counts were lower in both O3 and CK fruits; from day 9, O3 fruits showed a significant decrease in mesophilic aerobes. Additionally, total carotenoids had a tendency to be higher, with no significant differences between CK and O3 fruits. The same trend was observed for ascorbic acid, colour, total soluble solids content and acidity. Finally, O3 treatment reduced the activities of cell wall enzymes α-arabinopyranosidase, β-galactopyranosidase and polygalacturonase starting from day 3 of storage. Pectin methyl esterase activity did not seem to be affected by O3 treatment. CONCLUSION Gaseous O3 treatment during cold storage was effective in decreasing ethylene production and delaying fruit softening in cantaloupe melon by extending quality maintenance. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Toti
- Department for Innovation in Biological, Agro-food and Forest Systems (DIBAF), University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy
| | | | - Rinaldo Botondi
- Department for Innovation in Biological, Agro-food and Forest Systems (DIBAF), University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy
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Lucini L, Rouphael Y, Cardarelli M, Bonini P, Baffi C, Colla G. A Vegetal Biopolymer-Based Biostimulant Promoted Root Growth in Melon While Triggering Brassinosteroids and Stress-Related Compounds. Front Plant Sci 2018; 9:472. [PMID: 29692795 PMCID: PMC5902679 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Plant biostimulants are receiving great interest for boosting root growth during the first phenological stages of vegetable crops. The present study aimed at elucidating the morphological, physiological, and metabolomic changes occurring in greenhouse melon treated with the biopolymer-based biostimulant Quik-link, containing lateral root promoting peptides, and lignosulphonates. The vegetal-based biopolymer was applied at five rates (0, 0.06, 0.12, 0.24, or 0.48 mL plant-1) as substrate drench. The application of biopolymer-based biostimulant at 0.12 and 0.24 mL plant-1 enhanced dry weight of melon leaves and total biomass by 30.5 and 27.7%, respectively, compared to biopolymer applications at 0.06 mL plant-1 and untreated plants. The root dry biomass, total root length, and surface in biostimulant-treated plants were significantly higher at 0.24 mL plant-1 and to a lesser extent at 0.12 and 0.48 mL plant-1, in comparison to 0.06 mL plant-1 and untreated melon plants. A convoluted biochemical response to the biostimulant treatment was highlighted through UHPLC/QTOF-MS metabolomics, in which brassinosteroids and their interaction with other hormones appeared to play a pivotal role. Root metabolic profile was more markedly altered than leaves, following application of the biopolymer-based biostimulant. Brassinosteroids triggered in roots could have been involved in changes of root development observed after biostimulant application. These hormones, once transported to shoots, could have caused an hormonal imbalance. Indeed, the involvement of abscisic acid, cytokinins, and gibberellin related compounds was observed in leaves following root application of the biopolymer-based biostimulant. Nonetheless, the treatment triggered an accumulation of several metabolites involved in defense mechanisms against biotic and abiotic stresses, such as flavonoids, carotenoids, and glucosinolates, thus potentially improving resistance toward plant stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Lucini
- Department for Sustainable Food Process, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Piacenza, Italy
| | - Youssef Rouphael
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Italy
| | - Mariateresa Cardarelli
- Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e l’Analisi dell’Economia Agraria, Centro di Ricerca Orticoltura e Florovivaismo, Pontecagnano Faiano, Italy
| | | | - Claudio Baffi
- Department for Sustainable Food Process, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Piacenza, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Colla
- Department of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy
- *Correspondence: Giuseppe Colla,
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Cincotta F, Verzera A, Tripodi G, Condurso C. Volatile emerging contaminants in melon fruits, analysed by HS-SPME-GC-MS. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2017; 35:512-518. [PMID: 29111874 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2017.1401738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this research was to develop and validate a headspace-solid phase micro-extraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS) method for the determination of volatile emerging contaminants in fruit. The method showed good precision (RSD ≤ 14%) and satisfactory recoveries (99.1-101.7%) and LOD and LOQ values ranging between 0.011-0.033 μg kg-1 and 0.037-0.098 μg kg-1, respectively. The method was applied to investigate the content of volatile emerging contaminants in two varieties of melon fruit (Cucumis melo L.) cultivated adjoining high-risk areas. Glycol ethers, BHT, BHA and BTEX (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene) were determined in melon fruit pulps for the first time, with different sensitivities depending on sample and variety. Although the amount of the volatile contaminants in the melon samples were in the order of µg kg-1, the safety of vegetable crops cultivated near risk areas should be more widely considered. The results showed that this accurate and reproducible method can be useful for routine safety control of fruits and vegetables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio Cincotta
- a Department of Veterinary Sciences , University of Messina, Polo Universitario dell'Annunziata , Messina , Italy
| | - Antonella Verzera
- a Department of Veterinary Sciences , University of Messina, Polo Universitario dell'Annunziata , Messina , Italy
| | - Gianluca Tripodi
- a Department of Veterinary Sciences , University of Messina, Polo Universitario dell'Annunziata , Messina , Italy
| | - Concetta Condurso
- b Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences , University of Messina , Messina , Italy
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29
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Mizuno S, Sonoda M, Tamura Y, Nishino E, Suzuki H, Sato T, Oizumi T. Chiba Tendril-Less locus determines tendril organ identity in melon ( Cucumis melo L.) and potentially encodes a tendril-specific TCP homolog. J Plant Res 2015; 128:941-51. [PMID: 26275436 DOI: 10.1007/s10265-015-0747-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2015] [Accepted: 06/30/2015] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Tendrils are filamentous plant organs that coil on contact with an object, thereby providing mechanical support for climbing to reach more sunlight. Plant tendrils are considered to be modified structure of leaves, stems, or inflorescence, but the origin of cucurbit tendrils is still argued because of the complexity in the axillary organ patterning. We carried out morphological and genetic analyses of the Chiba Tendril-Less (ctl) melon (Cucumis melo) mutant, and found strong evidence that the melon tendril is a modified organ derived from a stem-leaf complex of a lateral shoot. Heterozygous (CTL/ctl) plants showed traits intermediate between tendril and shoot, and ontogenies of wild-type tendrils and mutant modified shoots coincided. We identified the CTL locus in a 200-kb region in melon linkage group IX. A single base deletion in a melon TCP transcription factor gene (CmTCP1) was detected in the mutant ctl sequence, and the expression of CmTCP1 was specifically high in wild-type tendrils. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated the novelty of the CmTCP1 protein and the unique molecular evolution of its orthologs in the Cucurbitaceae. Our results move us closer to answering the long-standing question of which organ was modified to become the cucurbit tendril, and suggest a novel function of the TCP transcription factor in plant development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinji Mizuno
- Southern Prefectural Horticulture Institute, Chiba Prefectural Agriculture and Forestry Research Center, 1762 Yamamoto, Tateyama, Chiba, 294-0014, Japan.
- College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, 1866 Kameino, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, 252-0880, Japan.
| | - Masatoshi Sonoda
- Graduate School of Horticulture, Chiba University, 648 Matsudo, Chiba, 271-8510, Japan
| | - Yayoi Tamura
- Faculty of Horticulture, Chiba University, 648 Matsudo, Chiba, 271-8510, Japan
| | - Eisho Nishino
- Graduate School of Horticulture, Chiba University, 648 Matsudo, Chiba, 271-8510, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Suzuki
- Kazusa DNA Research Institute, 1532-3 Yana, Kisarazu, Chiba, 292-0812, Japan
| | - Takahide Sato
- Graduate School of Horticulture, Chiba University, 648 Matsudo, Chiba, 271-8510, Japan
| | - Toshikatsu Oizumi
- Southern Prefectural Horticulture Institute, Chiba Prefectural Agriculture and Forestry Research Center, 1762 Yamamoto, Tateyama, Chiba, 294-0014, Japan
- Institute for Horticultural Plant Breeding, 2-5-1 Kamishiki, Matsudo, Chiba, 270-2221, Japan
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30
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Lignou S, Parker JK, Baxter C, Mottram DS. Sensory and instrumental analysis of medium and long shelf-life Charentais cantaloupe melons ( Cucumis melo L.) harvested at different maturities. Food Chem 2013; 148:218-29. [PMID: 24262549 PMCID: PMC4062960 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.10.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2013] [Revised: 10/04/2013] [Accepted: 10/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Flavour of medium and long shelf-life Charentais cantaloupe melons was compared. Volatile and semi-volatile profiles were correlated with sensory data using multifactorial analysis. Maturity at harvest has a significant impact on the flavour of medium-shelf life fruit. Maturity at harvest had much less impact on a long shelf-life genotype. Esters and sulphur-compounds were more abundant in mature medium shelf-life fruit.
The flavour profiles of two genotypes of Charentais cantaloupe melons (medium shelf-life and long shelf-life), harvested at two distinct maturities (immature and mature fruit), were investigated. Dynamic headspace extraction (DHE), solid-phase extraction (SPE), gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) and gas chromatography–olfactometry/mass spectrometry (GC–O/MS) were used to determine volatile and semi-volatile compounds. Qualitative descriptive analysis (QDA) was used to assess the organoleptic impact of the different melons and the sensory data were correlated with the chemical analysis. There were significant, consistent and substantial differences between the mature and immature fruit for the medium shelf-life genotype, the less mature giving a green, cucumber character and lacking the sweet, fruity character of the mature fruit. However, maturity at harvest had a much smaller impact on the long shelf-life melons and fewer differences were detected. These long shelf-life melons tasted sweet, but lacked fruity flavours, instead exhibiting a musty, earthy character.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stella Lignou
- University of Reading, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Whiteknights, Reading RG6 6AP, UK
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31
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Fernández-Trujillo JP, Dos-Santos N, Martínez-Alcaraz R, Le Bleis I. Non-Destructive Assessment of Aroma Volatiles from a Climacteric Near-Isogenic Line of Melon Obtained by Headspace Stir-Bar Sorptive Extraction. Foods 2013; 2:401-414. [PMID: 28239125 PMCID: PMC5302289 DOI: 10.3390/foods2030401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2013] [Revised: 08/02/2013] [Accepted: 08/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A climacteric aromatic near-isogenic line (NIL) of melon (Cucumis melo L.) SC3-5-1 contained an introgression of the non-climacteric Korean cultivar “Shongwan Charmi” accession PI 161375 (SC) in the genetic background of the non-climacteric cultivar “Piel de Sapo” (PS). The aroma production was monitored during ripening at 21 °C in intact fruit using headspace sorptive bar extraction (HSSE). Bars were composed of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and aromas were desorbed and analyzed by gas-chromatography mass-spectrometry. The aromatic profile was composed of 70 aromatic compounds plus 21 alkanes with a predominance of esters, particularly acetate (2-methylbutyl acetate, 2-methylpropyl acetate, hexyl acetate, and phenylmethyl acetate). Some compounds were severely affected by postharvest time. The acetate esters (3-methylbutyl acetate, butan-2-yl acetate and phenylmethyl acetate) decreased with ripening and sulfur-derived compounds (S-methyl butanethioate and S-methyl 3-methylbutanethioate) increased gradually with ripening. A few compounds increased at the senescence phase (propyl ethanoate). Other compounds such as hexadecanoic acid showed a marked decrease after harvest, some decreasing from a relative maximum at harvest (2-methylpropyl hexanoate; n-hexanoic acid; nonanoic acid).
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Pablo Fernández-Trujillo
- Department of Agricultural and Food Engineering, Technical University of Cartagena (UPCT), Paseo Alfonso XIII, 48, ETSIA & Institute of Plant Biotechnology, E-30203 Cartagena (Murcia), Spain.
| | - Noelia Dos-Santos
- Department of Agricultural and Food Engineering, Technical University of Cartagena (UPCT), Paseo Alfonso XIII, 48, ETSIA & Institute of Plant Biotechnology, E-30203 Cartagena (Murcia), Spain.
| | - Rocío Martínez-Alcaraz
- Department of Agricultural and Food Engineering, Technical University of Cartagena (UPCT), Paseo Alfonso XIII, 48, ETSIA & Institute of Plant Biotechnology, E-30203 Cartagena (Murcia), Spain.
| | - Inés Le Bleis
- Department of Agricultural and Food Engineering, Technical University of Cartagena (UPCT), Paseo Alfonso XIII, 48, ETSIA & Institute of Plant Biotechnology, E-30203 Cartagena (Murcia), Spain.
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Fantaccione S, Woodrow P, Pontecorvo G. Molecular authentication of three Italian melon accessions by ARMS-PCR and ITS1 (internal transcribed spacer 1) secondary structure prediction. Bioinformation 2008; 2:311-5. [PMID: 18478086 PMCID: PMC2374377 DOI: 10.6026/97320630002311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2008] [Accepted: 04/19/2008] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic assessment was carried out on three Italian melon accessions by sequence and structural analysis of the internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1) from three populations belonging to two
Cucumis melo L. varieties (madras and tendral). Alignment of the 18S-5.8S-26S sequences from three melon accessions showed that there were
three single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and one short insertion-deletion (indel) at the 5'end ITS1. An amplification refractory mutation system (ARMS)-PCR-based analysis was successfully
applied to the SNP markers of the ITS1 sequences for the fingerprinting analysis of three melon populations. Secondary structure models for each ITS1 were derived. The prediction of ITS1 RNA
secondary structure from each accession was improved by detecting key functional elements shared by all sequences in the alignments. Our results demonstrated that the ITS1secondary structure
models can be used to improve the preliminary genetic assessment of the three melon accessions, suggesting a new tool in plant fingerprinting analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Fantaccione
- Department of Life Science, II University of Naples, via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy
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