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Choukairi M, Hejji L, Achache M, Touil M, Bouchta D, Draoui K, Azzouz A. Electrochemical and quantum chemical approaches to the study of dopamine sensing using bentonite and l-cysteine modified carbon paste electrode. Talanta 2024; 276:126247. [PMID: 38759358 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.126247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 05/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
This work presents a significant investigation involving both electrochemical experiment and quantum chemical simulation approaches. The objective was to characterize the electrochemical detection of dopamine (DA). The detection was carried out using a modified carbon paste electrode (CPE) incorporating bentonite (Bent) and l-cysteine (CySH) (named as CySH/Bent/CPE). To understand and explain the oxidation mechanism of DA on the CySH/Bent modified electrode surface, the coupling of the two approaches were exploited. The CySH/Bent/CPE showed excellent electroactivity toward DA such as good sensibility, selectivity, stability, and regenerative ability. The developed sensor shows a dynamic linear range from 0.8 to 80 μM with a limit of detection and quantification of 0.5 μM and 1.5 μM, respectively. During the quantitative analysis of DA in presence of ascorbic acid (AA) and uric acid (UA) the electrochemical oxidation signals of AA, DA, and UA distinctly appear as three separate peaks. The potential differences between the peaks are 190 mv, 150 mv, and 340 mV for the AA-DA, DA-UA, and AA-UA oxidation pairs, respectively. These observations stem from square wave voltammetry (SWV) studies, along with the corresponding redox peak potential separations. The developed sensor is simple and accurate to monitor DA in human serum samples. On the other hand, CySH acts as an electrocatalyst on the CySH/Bent/CPE surface by increasing its active electron transfer sites, as suggested by the quantum chemical modeling with analytical results of Fukui. Furthermore, the voltammetric results obtained agree well with the theoretical calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Choukairi
- Laboratory of Materials Engineering and Sustainable Energy (MISE-Lab), Faculty of Science, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, B.P. 2121, 93002, Tetouan, Morocco.
| | - Lamia Hejji
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Abdelmalek Essaadi, B.P. 2121, M'H IannechI, 93002, Tetouan, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Achache
- Laboratory of Materials Engineering and Sustainable Energy (MISE-Lab), Faculty of Science, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, B.P. 2121, 93002, Tetouan, Morocco
| | - M'hamed Touil
- Laboratory of Materials Engineering and Sustainable Energy (MISE-Lab), Faculty of Science, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, B.P. 2121, 93002, Tetouan, Morocco
| | - Dounia Bouchta
- Laboratory of Materials Engineering and Sustainable Energy (MISE-Lab), Faculty of Science, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, B.P. 2121, 93002, Tetouan, Morocco
| | - Khalid Draoui
- Laboratory of Materials Engineering and Sustainable Energy (MISE-Lab), Faculty of Science, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, B.P. 2121, 93002, Tetouan, Morocco
| | - Abdelmonaim Azzouz
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Abdelmalek Essaadi, B.P. 2121, M'H IannechI, 93002, Tetouan, Morocco.
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do Nascimento CPG, Costa MSMA, Freire JMA, da Silva LTV, Coutinho LP, Monteiro NKV, Zampieri DDS, Oliveira JT, do Nascimento RF, de Carvalho IMM, Becker H, Longhinotti E. Degradation of xanthene-based dyes by photoactivated persulfate: experimental and computational studies. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2023:10.1007/s43630-023-00480-8. [PMID: 37740886 DOI: 10.1007/s43630-023-00480-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
Dyes are naked-eye detectable even at low concentration levels and can cause environmental damage when released into aquatic effluents; therefore, methods for removing the residual color from the aquatic media are always a current issue. In this paper, degradation of three xanthene dyes, Rhodamine B, Eosin Y, and Sodium Fluorescein, using photoactivated persulfate was evaluated at pH 3.0 and 11.0. The dyes' degradation followed a pseudo-first-order reaction. Although the solution is completely decolorized in 40 min at pH 3.0, achieving 75% mineralization requires a longer reaction time of 180 min. Furthermore, GC-MS analyses indicate that degradation products are mainly low-molecular weight acids, CO2 and H2O. Experiments carried out in dark and under UV irradiation showed substantial contribution of radical (SO4•- and HO•) and non-radical pathways to dye degradation in both pH. Additionally, to get more insights into the degradation pathways, HOMO-LUMO energy gaps of the dyes were calculated by DFT using MPW1PW91/MidiXo level of theory and, in general, the lower the bandgap, the faster the degradation. Fukui functions revealed that the preferential sites to radical attack were the xanthene or the benzoate portion depending on the pH, wherein attack to the xanthene ring provided better kinetic and mineralization results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Pedro G do Nascimento
- Departamento de Química Analítica e Físico-Química, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, 60455-900, Brazil
| | - Mateus S M A Costa
- Departamento de Química Analítica e Físico-Química, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, 60455-900, Brazil
| | - Jessica M A Freire
- Seara da Ciência, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, 60455-320, Brazil
| | - Luiz Thiago V da Silva
- Departamento de Química Analítica e Físico-Química, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, 60455-900, Brazil
| | - Lucas P Coutinho
- Departamento de Química Analítica e Físico-Química, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, 60455-900, Brazil
| | - Norberto K V Monteiro
- Departamento de Química Analítica e Físico-Química, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, 60455-900, Brazil.
| | - Dávila de S Zampieri
- Departamento de Química Orgânica e Inorgânica, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, 60455-900, Brazil
| | - Juliene T Oliveira
- Departamento de Química Analítica e Físico-Química, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, 60455-900, Brazil
| | - Ronaldo F do Nascimento
- Departamento de Química Analítica e Físico-Química, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, 60455-900, Brazil
| | - Idalina M M de Carvalho
- Departamento de Química Orgânica e Inorgânica, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, 60455-900, Brazil
| | - Helena Becker
- Departamento de Química Analítica e Físico-Química, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, 60455-900, Brazil
| | - Elisane Longhinotti
- Departamento de Química Analítica e Físico-Química, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, 60455-900, Brazil.
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Allal H, Nemdili H, Zerizer MA, Zouchoune B. Molecular structures, chemical descriptors, and pancreatic lipase (1LPB) inhibition by natural products: a DFT investigation and molecular docking prediction. Struct Chem 2023:1-17. [PMID: 37363042 PMCID: PMC10148582 DOI: 10.1007/s11224-023-02176-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Density functional theory (DFT) calculations and molecular docking have been carried out on natural products containing eugenol, gingerol, ascorbic acid, oleurpoein, piperine, hesperidin, quercetin, Luteolin, and curcumin in order to predict their biological activities and to analyze their pancreatic lipase inhibition. The biological activity predictions are based on the global and local chemical descriptors, namely, HOMO-LUMO gaps, chemical hardness, chemical potential, electrophilicity, dipole moment, and Fukui functions. Our findings show that the studied compounds can be divided into two groups based on the chemical descriptors; the first group is composed of eugenol, gingerol, ascorbic acid, and oleuropein and the second one is composed of piperine, hesperidin, quercetin, Luteolin, and curcumin depending on the HOMO-LUMO gaps and electrophilicity values predicting best reactivity for the second group than the first one. The frontier orbitals offer a deeper insight concerning the electron donor and electron acceptor capabilities, whereas the local descriptors resulting from Fukui functions put emphasis on the active sites of different candidate ligands. The molecular docking was performed in order to compare and identify the inhibition activity of the natural candidate ligands against pancreatic lipase which were compared to that of synthesized ones. The molecular docking results revealed that the Luteolin compound has the best binding affinity of -8.56 kcal/mol due to their unique molecular structure and the position of -OH aromatic substituents. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11224-023-02176-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamza Allal
- Unité de Recherche de Chimie de L’Environnement Et Moléculaire Structurale, Université de Constantine-1 (Mentouri), 25000 Constantine, Algeria
- Département de Génie Des Procédés, Faculté de Génie Des Procédés, Université Salah Boubnider Constantine 3, Constantine, Algeria
| | - Hacene Nemdili
- Unité de Recherche de Chimie de L’Environnement Et Moléculaire Structurale, Université de Constantine-1 (Mentouri), 25000 Constantine, Algeria
| | - Mohamed Amine Zerizer
- Unité de Recherche de Chimie de L’Environnement Et Moléculaire Structurale, Université de Constantine-1 (Mentouri), 25000 Constantine, Algeria
- Laboratoire de Chimie Appliquée Et Technologie Des Matériaux, Université Larbi Ben M’hidi Oum El Bouaghi, 04000 Oum El Bouaghi, Algeria
| | - Bachir Zouchoune
- Unité de Recherche de Chimie de L’Environnement Et Moléculaire Structurale, Université de Constantine-1 (Mentouri), 25000 Constantine, Algeria
- Laboratoire de Chimie Appliquée Et Technologie Des Matériaux, Université Larbi Ben M’hidi Oum El Bouaghi, 04000 Oum El Bouaghi, Algeria
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de Souza Farias SA, da Costa KS, Martins JBL. Comparative analysis of the reactivity of anthocyanidins, leucoanthocyanidins, and flavonols using a quantum chemistry approach. J Mol Model 2023; 29:93. [PMID: 36905478 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-023-05468-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
Anthocyanidins, leucoanthocyanidins, and flavonols are natural compounds mainly known due to their reported biological activities, such as antiviral, antifungal, anti-inflammatory activities, and antioxidant activity. In the present study, we performed a comparative structural, conformational, electronic, and nuclear magnetic resonance analysis of the reactivity of the chemical structure of primary anthocyanidins, leucoanthocyanidins, and flavonoids. We focused our analysis on the following molecular questions: (i) differences in cyanidin catechols ( +)-catechin, leucocyanidin, and quercetin; (ii) the loss of hydroxyl presents in the R1 radical of leucoanthocyanidin in the functional groups linked to C4 (ring C); and (iii) the electron affinity of the 3-hydroxyl group (R7) in the flavonoids delphinidin, pelargonidin, cyanidin, quercetin, and kaempferol. We show unprecedented results for bond critical point (BCP) of leucopelargonidin and leucodelphirinidin. The BCP formed between hydroxyl hydrogen (R2) and ketone oxygen (R1) of kaempferol has the same degrees of covalence of quercetin. Kaempferol and quercetin exhibited localized electron densities between hydroxyl hydrogen (R2) and ketone oxygen (R1). Global molecular descriptors showed quercetin and leucocyanidin are the most reactive flavonoids in electrophilic reactions. Complementary, anthocyanidins are the most reactive in nucleophilic reactions, while the smallest gap occurs in delphinidin. Local descriptors indicate that anthocyanidins and flavonols are more prone to electrophilic attacks, while in leucoanthocyanidins, the most susceptible to attack are localized in the ring A. The ring C of anthocyanidins is more aromatic than the same found in flavonols and leucoanthocyanidins. METHODS: For the analysis of the molecular properties, we used the DFT to evaluate the formation of the covalent bonds and intermolecular forces. CAM-B3LYP functional with the def2TZV basis set was used for the geometry optimization. A broad analysis of quantum properties was performed using the assessment of the molecular electrostatic potential surface, electron localization function, Fukui functions, descriptors constructed from frontier orbitals, and nucleus independent chemical shift.
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Hussein YT, Azeez YH. DFT analysis and in silico exploration of drug-likeness, toxicity prediction, bioactivity score, and chemical reactivity properties of the urolithins. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023; 41:1168-1177. [PMID: 34931599 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2021.2017350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Urolithins (Uro) are human microflora-derived metabolites of ellagic acid and ellagitannins. It has been shown to be a powerful modulator of oxidative stress, agents with potential anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative, and antiaging properties. The present study aimed to explore the drug-likeness, toxicity, and bioactivity score of urolithins that were required to be considered oral drug-active using the web-based softwares, Molinspiration, and protox_II. In addition, the chemical reactivity descriptors of the urolithins (Uro A, Uro B, Uro, C, Uro D) were also determined through density functional (DFT) calculations. Furthermore, electrostatic potential (MEP), natural bonds orbitals (NBO), HOMO-LUMO energies, chemical reactivity descriptors, dipole moment, and Fukui functions of all the urolithins were investigated by resorting the conceptual of DFT at the M06-2X/6-311++G (d, p) basis set as a tool to analyse and comprehend the molecular interaction. The results showed that all the urolithins comply with the Lipinski's rule of five and have biological activity. According to the toxicity predictions, Uro A, Uro C, and Uro D belong to class 4 while Uro B belongs to class 6. The chemical reactivity and stability features of the investigated compounds were evaluated using global chemical reactivity descriptors calculated from the Frontier Molecular Orbitals (FMOs) energies gap, which revealed that the stability order of the molecules was Uro B > Uro C > Uro D > Uro A. The present findings indicate that the urolithins could be a promising candidate for development into a therapeutic medication.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yousif Taha Hussein
- Medical Laboratory Science, Technical College of Applied Sciences, Research Center, Sulaimani Polytechnic University, Sulaimani, Iraq
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Abuelizz HA, Bakheit AH, Marzouk M, Abdellatif MM, Al-Salahi R. Reactivity of 4,5-Dichlorophthalic Anhydride towards Thiosemicarbazide and Amines: Synthesis, Spectroscopic Analysis, and DFT Study. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27113550. [PMID: 35684489 PMCID: PMC9182083 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27113550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
The cyclic anhydrides are broadly employed in several fields, such as the chemical, plastic, agrochemical, and pharmaceutical industries. This study describes the chemical reactivity of 4,5-dichlorophthalic anhydride towards several nucleophiles, including thiosemicarbazide and different amines, to produce the carboxylic acid derivatives resulting from anhydride’s opening, namely, phthalimide and dicarboxylic acid (1–12) products. Their chemical structures are confirmed by NMR, IR and MS spectra analyses. Density–functional theory (DFT) studies are performed using (DFT/B3LYP) with the 6-311G(d, p) basis sets to recognize different chemical and physical features of the target compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hatem A. Abuelizz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
- Correspondence: (H.A.A.); (R.A.-S.); Tel.: +96-61-1467-7194 (H.A.A. & R.A.-S.)
| | - Ahmed H. Bakheit
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohamed Marzouk
- Chemistry of Tanning Materials and Leather Technology Department, Chemical Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre, 33 El-Bohouth St. (Former El-Tahrir St.), Dokki, Cairo 12622, Egypt;
| | - Mohamed M. Abdellatif
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 Minami Osawa, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan;
| | - Rashad Al-Salahi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
- Correspondence: (H.A.A.); (R.A.-S.); Tel.: +96-61-1467-7194 (H.A.A. & R.A.-S.)
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Fonseca S, Santos L, Pereira R, Modesto-Costa L, da Cunha AR, Siqueira MRS, Carvalho FAO, Andrade-Filho T, Gester R. A DFT analysis of electronic, reactivity, and NLO responses of a reactive orange dye: the role of Hartree-Fock exchange corrections. J Mol Model 2022; 28:85. [PMID: 35377023 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-022-05035-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
An experimental and theoretical study based on DFT/TD-DFT approximations is presented to understand the nature of electronic excitations, reactivity, and nonlinear optical (NLO) properties of reactive orange 16 dye (RO16), an azo chromophore widely used in textile and pharmacological industries. The results show that the solvent has a considerable influence on the electronic properties of the material. According to experimental results, the absorption spectrum is formed by four intense transitions, which have been identified as [Formula: see text] states using TD-DFT calculations. However, the TD-DFT results reveal a weak [Formula: see text] in the low-lying spectral region. Continuum models of solvation indicate that these states suffer from bathochromic (ca. 15 nm) and hypsochromic shifts (ca. 4 nm), respectively. However, the expected blue shift for the absorption [Formula: see text] is only described using long-range or dispersion-corrected DFT methods. RO16 is classified as a strong electrophilic system, with electrophilicity ω > 1.5 eV. Concerning the nucleophilicity parameter (N), from vacuum to solvent, the environment is active and changes the nucleophilic status from strong to moderate nucleophile (2.0 ≤ N ≤ 3.0 eV). The results also suggest that all electrical constants are strongly dependent on long-range and Hartree-Fock exchange contributions, and the absence of these interactions gives results far from reality. In particular, the results for the NLO response show that the chromophore presents a potential application in this field with a low refractive index and first hyperpolarizability ca. 214 times bigger than the value usually reported for urea (β = 0.34 × 10- 30 esu), which is a standard NLO material. Concerning the solvent effects, the results indicate that the polarizability increases [Formula: see text] esu from gas to solvent while the first hyperpolarizability is calculated as [Formula: see text] esu, ca. 180%, regarding the vacuum. The results suggest RO16 is a potential compound in NLO applications. Graphical Abstract The frontier molecular orbitals, and the inverse relation between the energy-gap (Egap) and the first hyperpolarizability (β).
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Jezierska A, Panek JJ, Błaziak K, Raczyński K, Koll A. Exploring Intra- and Intermolecular Interactions in Selected N-Oxides-The Role of Hydrogen Bonds. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27030792. [PMID: 35164056 PMCID: PMC8846293 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27030792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Intra- and intermolecular interactions have been explored in selected N-oxide derivatives: 2-(N,N-dimethylamino-N-oxymethyl)-4,6-dimethylphenyl (1) and 5,5’-dibromo-3-diethylaminomethyl-2,2’-biphenol N-oxide (2). Both compounds possess intramolecular hydrogen bonding, which is classified as moderate in 1 and strong in 2, and resonance-assisted in both cases. Density Functional Theory (DFT) in its classical formulation as well as Time-Dependent extension (TD-DFT) were employed to study proton transfer phenomena. The simulations were performed in the gas phase and with implicit and explicit solvation models. The obtained structures of the studied N-oxides were compared with experimental data available. The proton reaction path was investigated using scan with an optimization method, and water molecule reorientation in the monohydrate of 1 was found upon the proton scan progress. It was found that spontaneous proton transfer phenomenon cannot occur in the electronic ground state of the compound 1. An opposite situation was noticed for the compound 2. The changes of nucleophilicity and electrophilicity upon the bridged proton migration were analyzed on the basis of Fukui functions in the case of 1. The interaction energy decomposition of dimers and microsolvation models was investigated using Symmetry-Adapted Perturbation Theory (SAPT). The simulations were performed in both phases to introduce polar environment influence on the interaction energies. The SAPT study showed rather minor role of induction in the formation of homodimers. However, it is worth noticing that the same induction term is responsible for the preference of water molecules’ interaction with N-oxide hydrogen bond acceptor atoms in the microsolvation study. The Natural Bond Orbital (NBO) analysis was performed for the complexes with water to investigate the charge flow upon the polar environment introduction. Finally, the TD-DFT was applied for isolated molecules as well as for microsolvation models showing that the presence of solvent affects excited states, especially when the N-oxide acceptor atom is microsolvated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneta Jezierska
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, ul. F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland; (J.J.P.); (K.R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-71-3757-224; Fax: +48-71-3282-348
| | - Jarosław J. Panek
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, ul. F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland; (J.J.P.); (K.R.)
| | - Kacper Błaziak
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, ul. Pasteura 1, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland;
- Biological and Chemical Research Center, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Kamil Raczyński
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, ul. F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland; (J.J.P.); (K.R.)
| | - Aleksander Koll
- Non-Public Medical School in Wrocław, ul. Nowowiejska 69, 50-340 Wrocław, Poland;
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Alarfaji SS, Ali IH, Bani-Fwaz MZ, Bedair MA. Synthesis and Assessment of Two Malonyl Dihydrazide Derivatives as Corrosion Inhibitors for Carbon Steel in Acidic Media: Experimental and Theoretical Studies. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26113183. [PMID: 34073408 PMCID: PMC8199006 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26113183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the extensive use of carbon steel in all industrial sectors, particularly in the petroleum industry, its low corrosion resistance is an ongoing problem for these industries. In the current work, two malonyl dihydrazide derivatives, namely 2,2'-malonylbis (N-phenylhydrazine-1-carbothiamide (MBC) and N'1, N'3-bis(-2-hydroxybenzylidene) malonohydrazide (HBM), were examined as inhibitors for the carbon steel corrosion in 1.0 M HCl. Both MBC and HBM were characterised using thin-layer chromatography, elemental analysis, infrared spectroscopy, and nuclear magnetic resonance techniques. The corrosion tests were performed using mass loss measurements, polarisation curves, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. It is obtained from the mass loss studies that the optimal concentration for both inhibitors is 2.0 × 10-5 mol/L, and the inhibition efficiencies reached up to 90.7% and 84.5% for MBC and HBM, respectively. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and potentiodynamic polarisation (PDP) indicate an increased impedance in the presence of both MBC and HBM and mixed-type inhibitors, respectively. Both inhibitors can mitigate corrosion in the range of 298-328 K. Values of free energy changes obtained from the Langmuir model suggest that the inhibitors suppress the corrosion process principally by chemisorption. The computational investigations were conducted to identify the factors connected with the anti-corrosive properties of the examined inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saleh S. Alarfaji
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia; (S.S.A.); (M.Z.B.-F.)
- Research Centre for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ismat H. Ali
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia; (S.S.A.); (M.Z.B.-F.)
- Research Centre for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence:
| | - Mutasem Z. Bani-Fwaz
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia; (S.S.A.); (M.Z.B.-F.)
- Research Centre for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmoud A. Bedair
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science (Men’s Campus), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt;
- College of Science and Arts, University of Bisha, P.O. Box 101, Al-Namas 61977, Saudi Arabia
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Hannah Clara T, Muthu S, Christian Prasana J. Quantum mechanical, spectroscopic and docking studies of (2E)-1-(4-aminophenyl)-3-(4-benzyloxyphenyl)-prop-2-en-1-one Chalcone derivative by density functional theory - A prospective respiratory drug. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 50:2816-2825. [PMID: 33173755 PMCID: PMC7643630 DOI: 10.1016/j.matpr.2020.08.804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Theoretical investigations on the molecular geometry, vibrational and electronic environment of (2E)-1-(4-aminophenyl)-3-(4-benzyloxyphenyl)-prop-2-en-1-one (APBPP) are presented for the first time. The vibration frequencies simulated were thoroughly analysed employing DFT/B3LYP using 6-311++G(d,p) basis set and compared with experimental FT- Raman and FT- IR data which showed good agreement vice-versa. Optimised molecular equilibrium geometry of the title compound was carried out. Vibrational assignments of wave numbers with PED (potential energy distribution) was done using VEDA software and the quantum chemical calculations of the molecular geometry were scaled using quantum mechanics. The title molecule showcased excellent results on HOMO - LUMO energies, NMR chemical shifts, 3.73 eV band gap, electronegativity (χ), chemical potential (μ), softness (S), global hardness (η). The low softness value (0.261) and thehigh value of electrophilicity index (4.0323) explains the biological activity of the title molecule. The reactive sites of APBPP were thoroughly investigated by Mulliken charges, MEP (Molecular electrostatic Potential) and Fukui functions. Thermo dynamical environment of the title compound for different temperatures were studied which reveals the correlations between entropy (S), heat capacity (C) and enthalpy changes (H) with temperatures. The title compound was docked into the reactive sites of antiviral (SARS-CoV-1,2) and anticancer protein using molecular docking tool and it showed excellent results compared to the ongoing clinical trials. The paper explains the experimental analysis which are in line with the quantum calculations and presents an optimistic evidence via Molecular docking studies. The synthesized compound against various panels of microorganism projects its ability to be the most potential drug to treat various pathologies in pharmacy Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Hannah Clara
- Department of Physics, Madras Christian College, Chennai 59, India.,University of Madras, Chennai 600005, India
| | - S Muthu
- Department of Physics, Aringnar Anna Government Arts College, Chennai 604 407, India
| | - Johanan Christian Prasana
- Department of Physics, Madras Christian College, Chennai 59, India.,University of Madras, Chennai 600005, India
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Sevvanthi S, Muthu S, Raja M, Aayisha S, Janani S. PES, molecular structure, spectroscopic (FT-IR, FT-Raman), electronic (UV-Vis, HOMO-LUMO), quantum chemical and biological (docking) studies on a potent membrane permeable inhibitor: dibenzoxepine derivative. Heliyon 2020; 6:e04724. [PMID: 32885075 PMCID: PMC7452420 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 07/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The dibenzoxepines derivatives have found a broad application in biological and pharmaceutical fields as new prospective drugs. So, the molecule (3aS,12bS)-5-Chlor-2-methyl-2,3,3a,12b-tetrahydro-1H-dibenzo[2,3:6,7]oxepino[4,5-c]pyrrol has been characterized by DFT (Density Functional Theory) approach to predict the important properties of it. The minimum energy conformer has been found by PES (Potential Energy Surface) and then the structure is optimized. Further, the structure is characterized spectroscopically by FT-IR and FT-Raman techniques to know the functional group and chemically active atoms. The geometrical parameters, PED (Potential Energy Distribution) assignments have also been reported. The electronic properties of the title compound have been explained by UV-Vis and HOMO-LUMO analyses that describe the charge transfer between the atoms of the molecule. Molecular Electrostatic Potential (MEP), Electron Localization Function (ELF) and Localized Orbital Locator (LOL) have been depicted to know the chemically active regions. The electrophilic and nucleophilic regions have been shown by Fukui functions. The Non-Linear Optics (NLO) for non-linear optical effects and the Natural Bond Orbital (NBO) for charge delocalization were studied. To study the biological activity of the title compound, molecular docking has been performed which suggests that the title molecule may act as a membrane permeable inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Sevvanthi
- Department of Physics, Arignar Anna Govt. Arts College, Cheyyar, 604407, Tamilnadu, India.,Thiruvalluvar University, Serkkadu, Vellore, 632 115, Tamilnadu, India
| | - S Muthu
- Department of Physics, Arignar Anna Govt. Arts College, Cheyyar, 604407, Tamilnadu, India.,Department of Physics, Puratchi Thalaivar Dr M.G.R Govt Arts and Science College, Uthiramerur, 603406, Tamilnadu, India
| | - M Raja
- Department of Physics, Govt Thirumagal Mills College, Gudiyattam, 632602, Vellore, Tamilnadu, India
| | - S Aayisha
- Department of Physics, Meenakshi College for Women, Chennai, 600024, Tamilnadu, India
| | - S Janani
- Department of Physics, Queen Mary's College, Chennai 600005, Tamilnadu, India
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12
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Abstract
Quercetin is the most abundant flavonoid with potent antioxidant activities. In the current research, the antioxidant properties of quercetin and quercetin-DNA complex were investigated theoretically and experimentally. Free radical scavenging experiments with thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) and 1,1-diphenyl-2-trinitrophenylhydrazine (DPPH) indicate that quercetin can protect DNA from free radical damage, and the antioxidant activity of the quercetin-DNA complex is stronger than quercetin. Deoxyriboseadenine-quercetin-dimethylphosphinic acid (DA-Q-P) model was extracted from molecular docking. The contributions of hydroxyl groups in quercetin and DA-Q-P model molecules to the antioxidant activity were investigated by computation of bond dissociation enthalpy (BDE) parameter and Fukui function, at B3LYP/6-311++G(2d,2p) level of theory. The results outlined that the hydroxyl groups from the B ring (3'-OH and 4'-OH) have a lower BDE compared with the ones from the A and C rings (3-OH, 5-OH, and 7-OH) and hence define antioxidant activity. The computational result based on Fukui function shows that the B ring is an electrophilic region. The interaction of antioxidant with DNA discovered at the molecular level could provide the structural basis of the antioxidant property of active ingredients in the flavonoids. It is of great significance to study the interaction mechanism between the small drug molecules with DNA at the molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Song
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yulin University, Yulin, 719000, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Yali Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yulin University, Yulin, 719000, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Liguo Gao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yulin University, Yulin, 719000, Shaanxi, China.
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Sharma K, Melavanki R, Sadasivuni KK. Quantum chemical computations and photophysical spectral features studies of two coumarin compounds. LUMINESCENCE 2020; 35:845-862. [PMID: 32142207 DOI: 10.1002/bio.3791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
An attempt was made to determine the ground state and excited state dipole moments and quantum chemical computations of two coumarin compounds, namely 3-hydroxy-3-[2-oxo-2-(2-oxo-2H-chromen-3-yl)-ethyl]-1,3-dihydro-indol-2-one (3HOCE) and 3-[2-(8-methoxy-2-oxo-2H-chromen-3-yl)-2-oxo-ethylidene]-1,3-dihydro-indol-2-one (3MOCE). Both compounds displayed a red shift with enhancement in solvent polarity. The larger excited state dipole moment indicated the more polar nature of the selected compounds in the excited state than in the ground state. Kinetic stability and chemical reactivity of the selected compounds were studied with help of the quantum chemical properties of the compounds such as frontier molecular orbital analysis using density functional theory calculations with B3LYP/6-311+G (d, p) basis sets. Molecular electrostatic potential, Mulliken charges, natural bond orbital, and nonlinear optical properties were further studied. NBO analysis showed proton transfer within the selected donor-acceptor, depicting the large energy of stabilization for the compounds. The calculated Fukui function inferred the local softness and electrophilicity indices of used solute compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalpana Sharma
- Department of Physics, M S Ramaiah Institute of Technology, Bangaluru 560054, Karnataka, India
| | - Raveendra Melavanki
- Department of Physics, M S Ramaiah Institute of Technology, Bangaluru 560054, Karnataka, India
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Villanueva-Mejia F, Navarro-Santos P, Rodríguez-Kessler PL, Herrera-Bucio R, Rivera JL. Reactivity of Atomically Functionalized C-Doped Boron Nitride Nanoribbons and Their Interaction with Organosulfur Compounds. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2019; 9:nano9030452. [PMID: 30889813 PMCID: PMC6474104 DOI: 10.3390/nano9030452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The electronic and reactivity properties of carbon doped (C-doped) boron nitride nanoribbons (BNNRs) as a function of the carbon concentration were investigated in the framework of the density functional theory within the generalized gradient approximation. We found that the main routes to stabilize energetically the C-doped BNNRs involve substituting boron atoms near the edges. However, the effect of doping on the electronic properties depends of the sublattice where the C atoms are located; for instance, negative doping (partial occupations of electronic states) is found replacing B atoms, whereas positive doping (partial inoccupation of electronic states) is found when replacing N atoms with respect to the pristine BNNRs. Independently of the even or odd number of dopants of the C-doped BNNRs studied in this work, the solutions of the Kohn Sham equations suggest that the most stable solution is the magnetic one. The reactivity of the C-doped BNNRs is inferred from results of the dual descriptor, and it turns out that the main electrophilic sites are located near the dopants along the C-doped BNNRs. The reactivity of these nanostructures is tested by calculating the interaction energy between undesirable organosulfur compounds present in oil fuels on the C-doped BNNRs, finding that organosulfur compounds prefer to interact over nanosurfaces with dopants substituted on the B sublattice of the C-doped BNNRs. Most importantly, the selective C doping on the BNNRs offers the opportunity to tune the properties of the BNNRs to fit novel technological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Villanueva-Mejia
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Francisco J. Múgica, s/n, Morelia 58030, Michoacán, Mexico.
| | - Pedro Navarro-Santos
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Francisco J. Múgica, s/n, Morelia 58030, Michoacán, Mexico.
- Laboratorio de Cómputo de Alto Desempeño, CONACYT-Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Edif. B-1, Ciudad Universitaria, Francisco J. Múgica, s/n, Morelia 58030, Michoacán, Mexico.
| | - Peter Ludwig Rodríguez-Kessler
- Departamento de Física Aplicada, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados, Unidad Mérida, Km 6 Antigua Carretera Progreso, Apdo. Postal 73, Cordemex, Mérida 97310, Yucatán, Mexico.
| | - Rafael Herrera-Bucio
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Francisco J. Múgica, s/n, Morelia 58030, Michoacán, Mexico.
| | - José Luis Rivera
- Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Francisco J. Múgica, s/n, Morelia 58030, Michoacán, Mexico.
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Abstract
In this work some possibilities for deriving a local electrophilicity are studied. First, we consider the original definition proposed by Chattaraj, Maiti, and Sarkar (J Phys Chem A 107:4973, 2003), in which the local electrophilicity is given by the product of the global electrophilicity, and the Fukui function for charge acceptance is derived by two different approaches, making use of the chain rule for functional derivatives. We also modify the proposals based on the electron density so as to have a definition with the same units of the original definition, which also introduces a dependence in the Fukui function for charge donation. Additionally, we also explore other possibilities using the tools of information theory and the temperature dependent reactivity indices of the density functional theory of chemical reactivity. The poor results obtained from the last two approaches lead us to conjecture that this is due to the fact that the global electrophilicity is not a derivative, like most of the other reactivity indices. The conclusion is that Chattaraj's suggestion seems to be the simplest, but at the same time a very reliable approach to this important property.
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Dostanić J, Lončarević D, Zlatar M, Vlahović F, Jovanović DM. Quantitative structure-activity relationship analysis of substituted arylazo pyridone dyes in photocatalytic system: Experimental and theoretical study. J Hazard Mater 2016; 316:26-33. [PMID: 27209516 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2016] [Revised: 04/17/2016] [Accepted: 05/04/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A series of arylazo pyridone dyes was synthesized by changing the type of the substituent group in the diazo moiety, ranging from strong electron-donating to strong electron-withdrawing groups. The structural and electronic properties of the investigated dyes was calculated at the M062X/6-31+G(d,p) level of theory. The observed good linear correlations between atomic charges and Hammett σp constants provided a basis to discuss the transmission of electronic substituent effects through a dye framework. The reactivity of synthesized dyes was tested through their decolorization efficiency in TiO2 photocatalytic system (Degussa P-25). Quantitative structure-activity relationship analysis revealed a strong correlation between reactivity of investigated dyes and Hammett substituent constants. The reaction was facilitated by electron-withdrawing groups, and retarded by electron-donating ones. Quantum mechanical calculations was used in order to describe the mechanism of the photocatalytic oxidation reactions of investigated dyes and interpret their reactivities within the framework of the Density Functional Theory (DFT). According to DFT based reactivity descriptors, i.e. Fukui functions and local softness, the active site moves from azo nitrogen atom linked to benzene ring to pyridone carbon atom linked to azo bond, going from dyes with electron-donating groups to dyes with electron-withdrawing groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Dostanić
- University of Belgrade, Institute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy, Department of Catalysis and Chemical Engineering, Njegoševa 12, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - D Lončarević
- University of Belgrade, Institute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy, Department of Catalysis and Chemical Engineering, Njegoševa 12, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - M Zlatar
- University of Belgrade, Institute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy, Department of Chemistry, Njegoševa 12, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - F Vlahović
- University of Belgrade, Innovation center of the Faculty of Chemistry, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - D M Jovanović
- University of Belgrade, Institute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy, Department of Catalysis and Chemical Engineering, Njegoševa 12, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
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Oña OB, De Clercq O, Alcoba DR, Torre A, Lain L, Van Neck D, Bultinck P. Atom and Bond Fukui Functions and Matrices: A Hirshfeld-I Atoms-in-Molecule Approach. Chemphyschem 2016; 17:2881-9. [PMID: 27381271 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201600433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The Fukui function is often used in its atom-condensed form by isolating it from the molecular Fukui function using a chosen weight function for the atom in the molecule. Recently, Fukui functions and matrices for both atoms and bonds separately were introduced for semiempirical and ab initio levels of theory using Hückel and Mulliken atoms-in-molecule models. In this work, a double partitioning method of the Fukui matrix is proposed within the Hirshfeld-I atoms-in-molecule framework. Diagonalizing the resulting atomic and bond matrices gives eigenvalues and eigenvectors (Fukui orbitals) describing the reactivity of atoms and bonds. The Fukui function is the diagonal element of the Fukui matrix and may be resolved in atom and bond contributions. The extra information contained in the atom and bond resolution of the Fukui matrices and functions is highlighted. The effect of the choice of weight function arising from the Hirshfeld-I approach to obtain atom- and bond-condensed Fukui functions is studied. A comparison of the results with those generated by using the Mulliken atoms-in-molecule approach shows low correlation between the two partitioning schemes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ofelia B Oña
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas, Universidad Nacional de la Plata, CCT La Plata, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Diag. 113 y 64 (s/n), Sucursal 4, CC 16, 1900, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Olivier De Clercq
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 (S3), 9000, Gent, Belgium
| | - Diego R Alcoba
- Departamento de Física, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, 1428 Buenos Aires (Argentina), Instituto de Física de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Ciudad Universitaria, 1428 Buenos, Aires, Argentina
| | - Alicia Torre
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad del País Vasco, Apdo. 644, E-48080, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Luis Lain
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad del País Vasco, Apdo. 644, E-48080, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Dimitri Van Neck
- Center for Molecular Modeling, Ghent University, Technologiepark 903, B-9052, Zwijnaarde, Belgium
| | - Patrick Bultinck
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 (S3), 9000, Gent, Belgium.
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Radi S, Attayibat A, El-Massaoudi M, Salhi A, Eddike D, Tillard M, Mabkhot YN. X-ray Single Crystal Structure, DFT Calculations and Biological Activity of 2-(3-Methyl-5-(pyridin-2'-yl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl) Ethanol. Molecules 2016; 21:E1020. [PMID: 27527141 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21081020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Revised: 07/31/2016] [Accepted: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A pyridylpyrazole bearing a hydroxyethyl substituent group has been synthesized by condensation of (Z)-4-hydroxy-4-(pyridin-2-yl)but-3-en-2-one with 2-hydroxyethylhydrazine. The compound was well characterized and its structure confirmed by single crystal X-ray diffraction. Density functional calculations have been performed using DFT method with 6-31G* basis set. The HOMO-LUMO energy gap, binding energies and electron deformation densities are calculated at the DFT (BLYP, PW91, PWC) level. The electrophilic f(-) and nucleophilic f(+) Fukui functions and also the electrophilic and nucleophilic Parr functions are well adapted to find the electrophile and nucleophile centers in the molecule. The title compound has been tested for its DPPH radical scavenging activity which is involved in aging processes, anti-inflammatory, anticancer and wound healing activity. Compound is also found with a significant antioxidant activity, probably due to the ability to donate a hydrogen atom to the DPPH radical.
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Rodrigues-Santos CE, Echevarria A, Sant’Anna CMR, Bitencourt TB, Nascimento MG, Bauerfeldt GF. Quantitative Structure-Property Relationship (QSPR) Models for a Local Quantum Descriptor: Investigation of the 4- and 3-Substituted-Cinnamic Acid Esterification. Molecules 2015; 20:17493-510. [PMID: 26402661 PMCID: PMC6331874 DOI: 10.3390/molecules200917493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2015] [Revised: 09/12/2015] [Accepted: 09/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, the theoretical description of the 4- and 3-substituted-cinnamic acid esterification with different electron donating and electron withdrawing groups was performed at the B3LYP and M06-2X levels, as a two-step process: the O-protonation and the nucleophile attack by ethanol. In parallel, an experimental work devoted to the synthesis and characterization of the substituted-cinnamate esters has also been performed. In order to quantify the substituents effects, quantitative structure–property relationship (QSPR) models based on the atomic charges, Fukui functions and the Frontier Effective-for-Reaction Molecular Orbitals (FERMO) energies were investigated. In fact, the Fukui functions, ƒ+C and ƒ−O, indicated poor correlations for each individual step, and in contrast with the general literature, the O-protonation step is affected both by the FERMO energies and the O-charges of the carbonyl group. Since the process was shown to not be totally described by either charge- or frontier-orbitals, it is proposed to be frontier-charge-miscere controlled. Moreover, the observed trend for the experimental reaction yields suggests that the electron withdrawing groups favor the reaction and the same was observed for Step 2, which can thus be pointed out as the determining step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cláudio E. Rodrigues-Santos
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro-RJ, Seropédica 23890-900, Brazil; E-Mails: (C.E.R.-S.); (A.E.); (C.M.R.S.)
| | - Aurea Echevarria
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro-RJ, Seropédica 23890-900, Brazil; E-Mails: (C.E.R.-S.); (A.E.); (C.M.R.S.)
| | - Carlos M. R. Sant’Anna
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro-RJ, Seropédica 23890-900, Brazil; E-Mails: (C.E.R.-S.); (A.E.); (C.M.R.S.)
| | - Thiago B. Bitencourt
- Departamento de Engenharia de Alimentos, Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul, Laranjeiras do Sul-PR 85303-775, Brazil; E-Mail:
| | - Maria G. Nascimento
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis-SC 88040-900, Brazil; E-Mail:
| | - Glauco F. Bauerfeldt
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro-RJ, Seropédica 23890-900, Brazil; E-Mails: (C.E.R.-S.); (A.E.); (C.M.R.S.)
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel./Fax: +55-21-2682-2807
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Arjunan V, Raj A, Anitha R, Mohan S. A new look into the quantum chemical and spectroscopic investigations of 5-chloro-1-methyl-4-nitroimidazole. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2014; 125:160-174. [PMID: 24548809 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2014.01.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2013] [Revised: 12/18/2013] [Accepted: 01/10/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Optimised geometrical structural parameters, harmonic vibrational frequencies, natural bonding orbital analysis and frontier molecular orbitals are determined by B3LYP and B3PW91 methods. The exact geometry of 5-chloro-1-methyl-4-nitroimidazole is determined through conformational analysis. The experimentally observed infrared and Raman bands have been assigned and analysed. The (13)C and (1)H NMR chemical shifts of the compound are investigated. The total electron density and molecular electrostatic potentials are determined. The electrostatic potential (electron+nuclei) distribution, molecular shape, size and dipole moments of the molecule have been displayed. The energies of the frontier molecular orbitals and LUMO-HOMO energy gap are measured. The possible electronic transitions of the molecule are studied by TD-DFT method along with the UV-Visible spectrum. The structure-activity relationship of the compound is also investigated by conceptual DFT methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Arjunan
- Department of Chemistry, Kanchi Mamunivar Centre for Post-Graduate Studies, Puducherry 605 008, India.
| | - Arushma Raj
- Department of Chemistry, Kanchi Mamunivar Centre for Post-Graduate Studies, Puducherry 605 008, India
| | - R Anitha
- Department of Chemistry, Kanchi Mamunivar Centre for Post-Graduate Studies, Puducherry 605 008, India
| | - S Mohan
- School of Sciences and Humanities, Vel Tech University, Avadi, Chennai 600 062, India
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Prabakaran A, Muthu S. Normal coordinate analysis, molecular structure, vibrational and electronic spectral investigation of 7-(1,3-dioxolan-2-ylmethyl)-1,3-dimethylpurine-2,6-dione by ab initio HF and DFT method. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2014; 118:578-588. [PMID: 24095768 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2013.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2013] [Revised: 08/21/2013] [Accepted: 09/02/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
In the present work, the characterization of 7-(1,3-dioxolan-2-ylmethyl)-1,3-dimethylpurine-2,6-dione (7DDMP26D) molecule was carried out by quantum chemical method and vibrational spectral techniques. The FT-IR (4000-400 cm(-1)) and FT-Raman (4000-100 cm(-1)) spectra of 7DDMP26D were recorded in solid phase. The UV-Vis absorption spectrum of the 7DDMP26D was recorded in the range of 200-400 nm. The molecular geometry, harmonic vibrational frequencies and bonding features of 7DDMP26D in the ground state have been calculated by HF and DFT methods using 6-31G(d,p) basis set. The complete vibrational frequency assignments were made by normal coordinate analysis (NCA) following the scaled quantum mechanical force field methodology (SQMF). The molecular stability and bond strength were investigated by applying the natural bond orbital analysis (NBO). The electronic properties, such as excitation energies, absorption wavelength, HOMO and LUMO energies were performed by time-depended DFT (TD-DFT) approach. The other molecular properties like electrostatic potential (ESP), Fukui function and thermodynamic properties of the title compound at different temperatures have been calculated. Finally, the calculation results were analyzed to simulate infrared, FT-Raman and UV spectra of the title compound which shows better agreement with observed spectra.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Prabakaran
- Department of Physics, Pallavan College of Engg., Kanchipuram 631 502, India; Department of Physics, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641 046, India
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Arjunan V, Govindaraja ST, Ravindran P, Mohan S. Exploring the structure-activity relations of N-carbethoxyphthalimide by combining FTIR, FT-Raman and NMR spectroscopy with DFT electronic structure method. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2013; 120:473-488. [PMID: 24211807 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2013.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2013] [Revised: 09/29/2013] [Accepted: 10/02/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The complete vibrational assignment and analysis of N-carbethoxyphthalimide were carried out using the experimental FTIR and FT-Raman data in the range 4000-450 and 4000-100 cm(-1), respectively along with quantum chemical studies of the compound using DFT-B3LYP gradient calculations employing the 6-31G**, 6-311++G** and cc-pVDZ basis sets. The 1H (400 MHz; CDCl3) and 13C (100 MHz;CDCl3) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra were also recorded. Due to the partial ionic nature of the carbonyl group, the carbon atoms C1 and C3 in NCEP show downfield effect and the corresponding observed chemical shift of both are observed at 163.76 ppm and the carbon atom C16 in the carbethoxy group also give signal in the downfield at 148.45 ppm. The active sites are determined by molecular electrostatic potential. The possible electronic transitions are determined by HOMO and LUMO orbital shapes and their energies. The structure-chemical reactivity relations of the compound were determined through chemical potential, global hardness, global softness, electronegativity, electrophilicity and local reactivity descriptors by conceptual DFT methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Arjunan
- Department of Chemistry, Kanchi Mamunivar Centre for Post-Graduate Studies, Puducherry 605 008, India.
| | | | - P Ravindran
- Department of Chemistry, Mahatma Gandhi Govt. Arts College, Mahe 673 310, India
| | - S Mohan
- School of Sciences and Humanities, Vel Tech University, Avadi, Chennai 600 062, India
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