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Soares GM, Barros F, Lanna E, da Silva MVS, Cavalcanti FF. Sponges as libraries: Increase in microplastics in Cinachyrella alloclada after 36 years. Mar Pollut Bull 2022; 185:114339. [PMID: 36395712 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.114339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Many studies investigated the presence and effects of microplastics in marine species, but data about sponges are still incipient. We quantified these pollutants in a population of the tropical sponge Cinachyrella alloclada, comparing museum specimens sampled in 1981 with specimens sampled in 2017. The mean number of microplastics in specimens collected decades ago was one order of magnitude lower (0.13 ± 0.40/g of sponge tissue) than those sampled more recently (1.37 ± 0.94/g). We observed microplastics in only 10 % of the specimens collected in 1981 but in 80 % of those from 2017. According to Raman spectroscopy, fibers in C. alloclada consisted of polypropylene. Our results reinforce the importance of natural history collections to reduce the gap of knowledge on the interaction between marine sponges and microplastics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme Moreira Soares
- Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Rua Barão de Jeremoabo, s/n, Campus Ondina, Salvador 40170-115, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Francisco Barros
- Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Rua Barão de Jeremoabo, s/n, Campus Ondina, Salvador 40170-115, Bahia, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Estudos Interdisciplinares e Transdisciplinares em Ecologia e Evolução (IN-TREE), Universidade Federal da Bahia, Rua Barão de Jeremoabo s/n, Campus Ondina, Salvador 40170-115, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Emilio Lanna
- Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Rua Barão de Jeremoabo, s/n, Campus Ondina, Salvador 40170-115, Bahia, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Estudos Interdisciplinares e Transdisciplinares em Ecologia e Evolução (IN-TREE), Universidade Federal da Bahia, Rua Barão de Jeremoabo s/n, Campus Ondina, Salvador 40170-115, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Marcus Vinicius Santos da Silva
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Rua Barão de Jeremoabo, s/n, Campus Ondina, Salvador 40170-115, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Fernanda F Cavalcanti
- Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Rua Barão de Jeremoabo, s/n, Campus Ondina, Salvador 40170-115, Bahia, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Estudos Interdisciplinares e Transdisciplinares em Ecologia e Evolução (IN-TREE), Universidade Federal da Bahia, Rua Barão de Jeremoabo s/n, Campus Ondina, Salvador 40170-115, Bahia, Brazil.
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Silva TRM, Rios TG, do Nascimento Ramos CA, Scofield A, Lima TARF, Alves LC, Ramos RAN, de Carvalho GA. Molecular characterization of Trypanosoma cruzi DTUs of the triatomine species in a Chagas disease endemic area. J Parasit Dis 2022; 46:64-71. [PMID: 35299926 DOI: 10.1007/s12639-021-01418-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Trypanosoma cruzi is the etiological agent of Chagas disease, a neglected tropical infection with great public health importance. This protozoan has triatomine insects as vector but may also be transmitted through blood transfusion, organ transplants, ingestion of contaminated food, or congenitally. It has a heterogeneous population classified into Discrete Typing Units (DTUs), TcI-TcVI and TcBat. The aim of this study was to molecularly characterize the DTUs of T. cruzi in triatomines from a Chagas disease endemic area in Northeastern Brazil. Triatomines were collected and the gut content was microscopically analyzed to investigate the presence of trypanosomatid flagellates. In addition, digestive tracts of some specimens were dissected and molecularly analyzed through PCR for Trypanosoma spp. and sequencing. PCR positive samples were further submitted to a multiplex PCR for DTUs of T. cruzi. A total of 117 triatomines were collected, 93.16% being in intradomicile and 6.84% in peridomicile environments. Insects were identified as Panstrongylus lutzi (37.60%), Triatoma pseudomaculata (26.50%), Triatoma brasiliensis (23.08%) and Panstrongylus megistus (12.82%). The specimens herein analyzed presented infection rates by T. cruzi of 5.49% and 12.09% in parasitological and molecular examinations, respectively. Multiplex PCR screening revealed 70.59% of the TcI genotype, detected in all triatomine species identified in this study and 29.41% of the DTU TcIII/TcIV detected in P. megistus and P. lutzi. T. cruzi infect triatomines in intradomicile and peridomicile environments, which brings attention to the risk of human infections and to the importance of the implementation of surveillance and entomological control actions.
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Alves JRA, de Farias AEM, Silva JDD, Viana MP, Lima AMC, Faccioli-Martins PY, Pinheiro RR, Alves FSF, de Azevedo SS, Alves CJ. Factors associated with the seroprevalence of caseous lymphadenitis in sheep from Northeastern Brazil. Prev Vet Med 2020; 182:105098. [PMID: 32738528 DOI: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2020.105098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Caseous lymphadenitis (CL) is one of the main infectious diseases in sheep, responsible for great economic losses, mainly in Northeast region of Brazil, which has the largest sheep flock in the country. Thus, the aim of this survey was to determine the factors associated with the seroprevalence of this disease in sheep from Northeastern Brazil using a planned sample of flocks and animals. Samples were collected from 2312 adult and young sheep of both sex from 196 farms, located in 51 municipalities in five Northeastern Brazilian states (Ceará, Paraíba, Piauí, Rio Grande do Norte, and Sergipe). Serological diagnosis was performed using the indirect ELISA technique. Factors associated with seropositivity were identified by variables extracted from epidemiological questionnaires administered to breeders, using univariable and multivariable analyses. Factors associated with prevalence were purebred sheep (Prevalence ratio - PR = 1.189; P = 0.017), ram acquisition from animal expositions (PR = 1.192; P = 0.020), offspring is separated from ewes (PR = 1.132; P = 0.048), water supplied to sheep from ponds (PR = 1.365; P = 0.002), and delayed disposal of infected animals (PR = 1.263; P = 0.027). Flock-level and animal-level prevalences were 93.88 % (95 % CI = 89.60-96.46%) and 37.46 % (95 % CI = 35.51-39.45%), respectively. In view of the high prevalence found here and based on the associated factors, the implementation of an efficient CL control programme in Northeastern Brazil is recommended.
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do Nascimento IDS, Pastor AF, Lopes TRR, Farias PCS, Gonçales JP, do Carmo RF, Durães-Carvalho R, da Silva CS, Silva Júnior JVJ. Retrospective cross-sectional observational study on the epidemiological profile of dengue cases in Pernambuco state, Brazil, between 2015 and 2017. BMC Public Health 2020; 20:923. [PMID: 32532240 PMCID: PMC7291711 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-09047-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The spread of Dengue virus (DENV) infections, as well as their signs and symptoms, are the result of a complex interaction between several factors. In Brazil, especially in the Northeastern, dengue is an important public health problem. Here, we report an epidemiological analysis of dengue cases in Pernambuco state, Northeastern Brazil, during 2015-2017. METHODS This work is a retrospective cross-sectional observational study on the epidemiological profile of all dengue cases confirmed and reported to the Health Secretary of Pernambuco between 2015 and 2017. These data cover all municipalities of Pernambuco, except Fernando de Noronha. DENV-positive individuals were classified according to the dengue type (without and with warning signs, or severe dengue), age, gender, ethnicity and intermediate geographic region of residence (Recife, Caruaru, Serra Talhada or Petrolina). The distribution of cases over the years was assessed by χ2 test. Temperature and rainfall data were evaluated by Unpaired t-test. p-value < 0.05 and CI 95% were considered in all analyses. RESULTS Most dengue cases was without warning signs. The most observed characteristics in the less severe dengue phenotypes were: female, mulatto ethnicity and age between 20 and 39 years old; this profile was more clearly observed in 2015. In 2016 and 2017, however, the numbers of dengue without and with warning signs were more evenly distributed and the difference in cases within groups decreased significantly. Regarding severe dengue, mulattoes were the most affected, but it is possible to note a trend towards a more uniform distribution between the genders and ages. Recife was the region with the highest numbers of both total cases and incidence rates and the highest rainfall levels. Overall, over the years, there has been a decrease in dengue cases in all regions of Pernambuco. CONCLUSIONS We identified the epidemiological profile of dengue in Pernambuco, Brazil, reporting the gender, age, ethnicity and regions most affected by different dengue types. In addition, we observed that these cases were probably more influenced by rainfall than by temperature. Finally, we believe that this epidemiological knowledge is important to direct public health policies to the reality of each population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - André Filipe Pastor
- Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Sertão Pernambucano, Floresta, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Thaísa Regina Rocha Lopes
- Virology Sector, Laboratory of Immunopathology Keizo Asami, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | | | - Juliana Prado Gonçales
- Virology Sector, Laboratory of Immunopathology Keizo Asami, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Feliciano do Carmo
- Collegiate of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Vale do São Francisco, Petrolina, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | | | - Caroline Simões da Silva
- Department of Virology, Aggeu Magalhães Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - José Valter Joaquim Silva Júnior
- Virology Sector, Laboratory of Immunopathology Keizo Asami, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
- Virology Sector, Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, Camobi, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, 97105-900, Brazil.
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
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Fernandes LG, Denwood MJ, de Sousa Américo Batista Santos C, Alves CJ, Pituco EM, de Campos Nogueira Romaldini AH, De Stefano E, Nielsen SS, de Azevedo SS. Bayesian estimation of herd-level prevalence and risk factors associated with BoHV-1 infection in cattle herds in the State of Paraíba, Brazil. Prev Vet Med 2019; 169:104705. [PMID: 31311643 DOI: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2019.104705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Revised: 04/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
A cross-sectional study was carried out to estimate the animal- and herd-level prevalence of bovine herpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1) infection in cattle in the State of Paraíba, and to identify risk factors associated with herd-level infection. The state was divided into three sampling strata, and for each stratum, the prevalence of herds infected with BoHV-1 was estimated through a two-stage sampling survey carried out from September 2012 to January 2013. In total, 2443 animals were sampled from 478 herds. A virus-neutralization test was used for BoHV-1 antibody detection. A Bayesian latent-class model was used to describe the data, taking into account imperfect diagnostic test characteristics and the non-independence of test results from animals within the same herd, and using a dynamic within-model risk factor selection method based on indicator variable selection. The adjusted herd-level prevalence was estimated to be 84% (95% CI: 80-88%) for the State of Paraíba, and the animal-level prevalence was estimated to be 73% (95% CI: 66-84%). Only five of the available risk factors were used by the model, with the three most influential being disposal of aborted foetuses (3.78, 95% CI: 1.11-13.85), sharing resources with other farms (3.0, 95% CI: 1.1-8,6), and a herd size of > 23 animals (2.5, 95% CI: 1.1-6.0). Our findings suggest that the animal- and herd-level seroprevalence of BoHV-1 infection in the State of Paraíba is high. While some risk factors such as herd size and sharing resources were identified as risk factors for BoHV-1 infection, these risk factors are initially likely to be of only minor relevance in a control programme due to the extremely high prevalence of infected farms. However, the results are relevant to the risk of reintroduction of disease on farms that have previously eradicated the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leíse Gomes Fernandes
- Academic Unit of Veterinary Medicine, Center of Rural Technology and Health, Federal University of Campina Grande, 58700-970 Patos, PB, Brazil
| | - Matthew James Denwood
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | | | - Clebert José Alves
- Academic Unit of Veterinary Medicine, Center of Rural Technology and Health, Federal University of Campina Grande, 58700-970 Patos, PB, Brazil
| | | | | | - Eliana De Stefano
- Biological Institute, Bovine Viral Diseases Laboratory, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Søren Saxmose Nielsen
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Sérgio Santos de Azevedo
- Academic Unit of Veterinary Medicine, Center of Rural Technology and Health, Federal University of Campina Grande, 58700-970 Patos, PB, Brazil.
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Harvey TV, Heukelbach J, Assunção MS, Fernandes TM, da Rocha CMBM, Carlos RSA. Seasonal variation and persistence of tungiasis infestation in dogs in an endemic community, Bahia State (Brazil): longitudinal study. Parasitol Res 2019; 118:1711-8. [PMID: 30976966 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-019-06314-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Tungiasis is a zoonosis neglected by authorities, health professionals, and affected populations. Domestic, synanthropic, and sylvatic animals serve as reservoirs for human infestation, and dogs are usually considered a main reservoir in endemic communities. To describe the seasonal variation and the persistence of tungiasis in dogs, we performed quarterly surveys during a period of 2 years in a tourist village in the municipality of Ilhéus, Bahia State, known to be endemic for tungiasis. Prevalence in dogs ranged from 62.1% (43/66) in August 2013 to 82.2% (37/45) in November 2014, with no significant difference (p = 0.06). The prevalence of infestation remained high, regardless of rainfall patterns. Of the 31 dogs inspected at all surveys, period prevalence was 94% (29/31; 95% CI 79.3-98.2%) and persistence of infestation indicator [PII] was high (median PII = 6 surveys, q1 = 5, q3 = 7). Dogs < 1 year of age had a higher mean prevalence of 84.5%, as compared with 69.3% in the older dogs. No significant difference was found between the risk of infestation and age or sex (p = 0.61). Our data indicate that canine tungiasis persisted in the area during all periods of the year. The seasonal variation described in human studies from other endemic areas was not observed, most probably due to different rainfall patterns throughout the year. The study has important implications for the planning of integrated control measures in both humans and animal reservoirs, considering a One Health approach.
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Santos DA, De Paula FCF. Diel changes in aquatic biogeochemistry of a pristine stream receiving untreated urban sewage at Brazilian rainforest. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2019; 26:12324-12334. [PMID: 30840248 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-04386-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Freshwater bodies experience diel variations in aquatic chemistry, driven by natural processes. However, changes in land use, like urbanization, can modify the natural dynamics of such systems. This article describes changes in biogeochemistry of a pristine stream after receiving untreated sewage of an urban nucleus. Water samples were collected and field parameters measured, during low flow period. Temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, electric conductivity, turbidity, total suspended solids, silicate, N-NO3, N-NO2, N-NH4, dissolved and particulate organic nitrogen, PO4, and dissolved and particulate organic phosphorus were measured hourly during a diel cycle. Upstream hydrochemistry resembles pristine watersheds in tropical rainforest, and results are restricted to a narrow range of values during the entire sampling period. Conversely, values downstream varied widely and, for some analytes, presented differences between day and night. Dissolved oxygen and electric conductivity showed the effect of the urban pulse, varying according to the routine of the population. Other field parameters did no presents a pattern that could distinguish up- and downstream stations. All the nutrients, but silicate, increased in concentration downstream. Particulate organic phosphorus, N-NO2, and N-NH4 were the nutrients that highlight the magnitude of the changes driven by urban effluents. These three nutrient species, and dissolved organic phosphorus, revealed a remarkably pattern that reflects the routine of the urban population, with low concentrations at night and a progressive increase starting at the early morning.
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Dos Reis Luz L, Porto DD, Castro CB, Silva MFS, de Godoy Alves Filho E, Canuto KM, de Brito ES, Becker H, do Ó Pessoa C, Zocolo GJ. Metabolomic profile of Schinopsis brasiliensis via UPLC-QTOF-MS for identification of biomarkers and evaluation of its cytotoxic potential. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2018; 1099:97-109. [PMID: 30265941 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2018.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Revised: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Schinopsis brasiliensis is a plant typically found in the caatinga biome (northeastern Brazil). Its leaves and bark have been used for the treatment of health dysfunctions such as cough, influenza, diarrhea, throat inflammation, and sexual impotence. However, there is a lack of knowledge regarding the chemical composition and pharmacological activities of this plant. High-performance liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF-MSE) allowed the partial identification of 33 compounds, including isomers from leaf, branch, and bark samples, with 16 compounds reported for the first time (corilagin, chlorogenic acid, and quercetin derivatives) in S. brasiliensis. Principal component analysis efficiently distinguished the respective parts of the plant. Orthogonal partial least squares discriminatory analysis, together with the variable importance in projection and S-Plot graphs were used to identify 23 biomarker compounds associated with cytotoxic activity against a colorectal cancer cell line.
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Schaan AP, Costa L, Santos D, Modesto A, Amador M, Lopes C, Rabenhorst SH, Montenegro R, Souza BDA, Lopes T, Yoshioka FK, Pinto G, Silbiger V, Ribeiro-dos-Santos Â. mtDNA structure: the women who formed the Brazilian Northeast. BMC Evol Biol 2017; 17:185. [PMID: 28793858 PMCID: PMC5549335 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-017-1027-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The distribution of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) lineages in Brazil is heterogeneous due to different regional colonization dynamics. Northeastern Brazil, although being an important region in terms of human imigration and ethnic admixture, has little information regarding its population mtDNA composition. Here, we determine which mitochondrial lineages contributed to the formation of the Northeastern Brazilian population. Our sample consisted of 767 individuals distributed as follows i) 550 individuals from eight Northeastern states (Piauí, Ceará, Rio Grande do Norte, Paraíba, Pernambuco, Alagoas, Sergipe, and Bahia) which were sequenced for mtDNA hypervariable segments I, II, and III; ii) 217 individuals from Alagoas and Pernambuco (previously published data). Data analysis was performed through sequence alignment and Haplogrep 2.0 haplogroup assignment tools. Furthermore, maternal ancestry distribution was contextualized and, when possible, related to historical events to better understand the biological interactions and population dynamics that occurred in this region since the beginning of colonization. RESULTS Unexpectedly, Amerindian mitochondrial ancestry was the highest in the Northeastern region overall, followed by African, European and non-Amerindian Asian, unlike previous results for this region. Alagoas and Pernambuco states, however, showed a larger African mtDNA frequency. The Northeastern region showed an intraregional heterogeneous distribution regarding ancestral groups, in which states/mesoregions located to the north had a prevalent Amerindian ancestral frequency and those to the south had predominance of African ancestry. Moreover, results showed great diversity of European haplogroups and the presence of non-Amerindian Asian haplogroups. CONCLUSIONS Our findings are in disagreement with previous investigations that suggest African mitochondrial ancestry is the most prevalent in the Brazilian Northeast. The predominance of Amerindian lineages exemplifies the importance of indigenous women in the formation of the population, despite intense African slave entry and conflicts with European settlers. The variable distribution of ancestral groups observed in the Northeast is in accordance with historical records showing the similarities with colonization dynamics occurred in the Amazon region and the Brazilian Southeast. Moreover, the variety of European haplogroups suggests multiple origins of founding groups, specially those found in Western European populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula Schaan
- Human and Medical Genetics Laboratory, Federal University of Pará, Av. Augusto Corrêa, 01 – Cidade Universitária Prof. José Silveira Netto – Guamá, Belém, PA 66075-110 Brazil
| | - Lorenna Costa
- Clinical and Toxicological Analyses Department, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN 59300-000 Brazil
| | - Diego Santos
- Clinical and Toxicological Analyses Department, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN 59300-000 Brazil
| | - Antonio Modesto
- Human and Medical Genetics Laboratory, Federal University of Pará, Av. Augusto Corrêa, 01 – Cidade Universitária Prof. José Silveira Netto – Guamá, Belém, PA 66075-110 Brazil
| | - Marcos Amador
- Human and Medical Genetics Laboratory, Federal University of Pará, Av. Augusto Corrêa, 01 – Cidade Universitária Prof. José Silveira Netto – Guamá, Belém, PA 66075-110 Brazil
| | - Camile Lopes
- Human and Medical Genetics Laboratory, Federal University of Pará, Av. Augusto Corrêa, 01 – Cidade Universitária Prof. José Silveira Netto – Guamá, Belém, PA 66075-110 Brazil
| | - Sílvia Helena Rabenhorst
- Pathology and Legal Medicine Department, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE 60020-181 Brazil
| | - Raquel Montenegro
- Center of Research and Drug Development, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE 60430-270 Brazil
| | - Bruno D. A. Souza
- Human and Medical Genetics Laboratory, Federal University of Pará, Av. Augusto Corrêa, 01 – Cidade Universitária Prof. José Silveira Netto – Guamá, Belém, PA 66075-110 Brazil
| | - Thayson Lopes
- Genetics and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Federal University of Piauí, Parnaíba, PI 64202-020 Brazil
| | - France Keiko Yoshioka
- Genetics and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Federal University of Piauí, Parnaíba, PI 64202-020 Brazil
| | - Giovanny Pinto
- Genetics and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Federal University of Piauí, Parnaíba, PI 64202-020 Brazil
| | - Vivian Silbiger
- Clinical and Toxicological Analyses Department, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN 59300-000 Brazil
| | - Ândrea Ribeiro-dos-Santos
- Human and Medical Genetics Laboratory, Federal University of Pará, Av. Augusto Corrêa, 01 – Cidade Universitária Prof. José Silveira Netto – Guamá, Belém, PA 66075-110 Brazil
- Center of Oncological Research, Federal University of Pará, Belém, PA 66073-005 Brazil
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Kamdem JP, Fidelis KR, Nunes RGS, Araujo IF, Elekofehinti OO, da Cunha FAB, de Menezes IRA, Pinheiro AP, Duarte AE, Barros LM. Comparative research performance of top universities from the northeastern Brazil on three pharmacological disciplines as seen in scopus database. J Taibah Univ Med Sci 2017; 12:483-91. [PMID: 31435283 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtumed.2017.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2017] [Revised: 03/11/2017] [Accepted: 03/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Postgraduate programmes around the world are periodically subjected to research performance evaluation through bibliometric indicators. In this research, we characterized and compared the research performance of 15 universities from Northeastern Brazil, in which 13 were among the top Universities of the Latin America. Methods Specifically, total documents, citations and the h-index of each university were retrieved from the Elsevier Scopus database and were analysed not only for historical scientific achievement but also across the period of the past 6 years (2010–2015). Using these bibliometric indicators, we also investigated the performance of programmes at these Universities that have their papers indexed in the Scopus database under the category of “Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceuticals” for the same period. Results We found that the Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE) and the Federal University of Ceará (UFC) were the most productive institutions, producing 17847 and 15048 documents, respectively. The number of papers published by each of these universities in the past six years represented more than 50% of their entire productivity. With regards to their scientific output in “Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics”, UFC showed the highest number of published documents followed by UFPE and the Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB). UFC received the highest h-index (with and without self-citations) and number of citations and shared their most cited papers with foreign institutions from the USA and Germany. However, papers from UFC were published in journals with lower impact factors (2.322). Conclusions The present study shows where each of these universities stands and can be helpful in identifying potential collaborators in these areas of knowledge.
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Campos ÂP, Miranda DFH, Rodrigues HWS, da Silva Carneiro Lustosa M, Martins GHC, Mineiro ALBB, Castro V, Azevedo SS, de Sousa Silva SMM. Seroprevalence and risk factors for leptospirosis in cattle, sheep, and goats at consorted rearing from the State of Piauí, northeastern Brazil. Trop Anim Health Prod 2017; 49:899-907. [PMID: 28357645 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-017-1255-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Leptospirosis is an endemic disease in Latin America, caused by pathogenic bacteria of the genus Leptospira. It is considered one of the main causes responsible for the negative economic impact on global livestock by causing reproductive problems. The research aimed to determine the prevalence of leptospirosis in cattle, sheep, and goats at consorted rearing in the micro-region of Teresina, Piauí state, northeastern Brazil, as well as to identify prevalent serovars and risk factors associated with seroprevalence. Serum samples were analyzed in 336 sheep, 292 goats, and 253 cattle using microscopic agglutination test (MAT). Overall, 378 samples were positive to MAT, with seroprevalence of 42.9%. The prevalences in cattle, sheep, and goats were 50.5, 40.5, and 34.6%, respectively. All herds presented at least one seropositive animal; the Hardjo/Wolffi serovar association was the most common in cattle and Icterohaemorrhagiae in goats and sheep. Beef production (OR = 4.9), cattle herd over 35 animals (OR = 4.0), feeding on pasture (OR = 6.4), weir and/or stream as water source (OR = 2.1), and no veterinary services (OR = 2.9) were risk factors for cattle infection. For sheep, intensive management system (OR = 5.3), suspended slatted facilities (OR = 2.2), more than 20 sheep in reproductive age (OR = 1.9), and absence of deworming (OR = 3.5) were the risk factors, while for goats, the identified risk factors were sheep herd over 52 animals (OR = 1.9) and no veterinary services (OR = 1.8). We conclude that the infection was spreading in consorted herds in this region. Thus, it would be interesting and important to conduct educative activities to farmers on the economic impacts of this disease and the need of preventive and control strategies mainly focused on sanitary measures and animal handling.
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Harvey TV, Heukelbach J, Assunção MS, Fernandes TM, da Rocha CM, Carlos RS. Canine tungiasis: High prevalence in a tourist region in Bahia state, Brazil. Prev Vet Med 2017; 139:76-81. [PMID: 28364835 DOI: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2017.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Revised: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 02/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Tungiasis is a parasitic skin disease neglected by authorities, health professionals, and the general population. Its occurrence is significantly associated with poverty. A cross-sectional study was conducted to describe the prevalence of tungiasis, associated clinical signs and risk factors of the canine population at a tourist site in the city of Ilhéus, Bahia (northeast Brazil). All village households were visited and dogs inspected after authorization by owners. A semi-structured questionnaire was administered. Of the 114 dogs included in the study, 71 (62.3%) were infested; all of them had lesions on their pads. An ectopic lesion on the nose was observed in one dog (1.4%). The number of manipulated lesions outnumbered the number of vital and avital lesions with an average of 88.3%. Edema (95.8%) and hyperkeratosis (85.9%) were the most prevalent clinical signs. Behavioral disorders such as excessive licking (6/71; 8.5%), disobedience (1/71; 1.4%) and prostration (2/71; 2.8%) were reported. In the multi-variate analysis, semi-restricted condition of the dogs (adjusted OR=8.58; 95% CI=2.47-29.76) and the presence of sand on the compound (adjusted OR=14.23, 95% CI=2.88-70.28) were significantly associated with infestation. We concluded that, infestation with Tunga spp. is highly endemic in the canine population of the village. The low level of restrictions on dogs and the presence of sand in areas most frequented by the animals are perpetuating factors of infestation in the community, subject to integrated and multidisciplinary intervention measures.
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Santos JAD, de Oliveira KF, da Silva Araújo IC, Avelino IIF, de Sousa Cajuí KN, de Lacerda LD, Marins RV. Phosphorus partitioning in sediments from a tropical reservoir during a strong period of drought. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2016; 23:24237-24247. [PMID: 27646452 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-7629-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Monitoring phosphorus (P) concentration in water and sediments in the Castanhão reservoir, under intensive aquaculture, in Northeastern Brazil showed internal process to dominate P cycling following a reduction of reservoir volume due to an extended drought period. A strong negative correlation between soluble reactive phosphorus in surface waters (SRPs) with the reservoir volume results from diminishing dilution capacity; bottom water SRP showed no significant correlation with volume and imply SRP remobilization to surface layers. Total suspended solids (TSS) showed a significant correlation with chlorophyll-a, suggesting change primary productivity following SRP enrichment of surface waters and living cells dominating the TSS. As a result, eutrophication, as established by a trophic state index, was triggered in the reservoir probably enforced by intensive fish farming effluents, whose nutrients accumulated in bottom waters and which became available due to breaking of the thermocline. Since low rainfall periods are typical of the semiarid region and tend to be more frequent and stronger due to climate change, multiple use of reservoirs in NE Brazil should be reevaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janaína Andrade Dos Santos
- Instituto de Ciências do Mar, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Av. Abolição 3207, Meireles, Fortaleza, CE, 60165081, Brazil.
| | - Karen Figueiredo de Oliveira
- Instituto de Ciências do Mar, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Av. Abolição 3207, Meireles, Fortaleza, CE, 60165081, Brazil
| | | | | | - Karla Nayara de Sousa Cajuí
- Instituto de Ciências do Mar, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Av. Abolição 3207, Meireles, Fortaleza, CE, 60165081, Brazil
| | - Luiz Drude de Lacerda
- Instituto de Ciências do Mar, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Av. Abolição 3207, Meireles, Fortaleza, CE, 60165081, Brazil
| | - Rozane Valente Marins
- Instituto de Ciências do Mar, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Av. Abolição 3207, Meireles, Fortaleza, CE, 60165081, Brazil
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Zhang S, Foerster S, Medeiros P, de Araújo JC, Motagh M, Waske B. Bathymetric survey of water reservoirs in north-eastern Brazil based on TanDEM-X satellite data. Sci Total Environ 2016; 571:575-593. [PMID: 27418521 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Revised: 06/17/2016] [Accepted: 07/03/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Water scarcity in the dry season is a vital problem in dryland regions such as northeastern Brazil. Water supplies in these areas often come from numerous reservoirs of various sizes. However, inventory data for these reservoirs is often limited due to the expense and time required for their acquisition via field surveys, particularly in remote areas. Remote sensing techniques provide a valuable alternative to conventional reservoir bathymetric surveys for water resource management. In this study single pass TanDEM-X data acquired in bistatic mode were used to generate digital elevation models (DEMs) in the Madalena catchment, northeastern Brazil. Validation with differential global positioning system (DGPS) data from field measurements indicated an absolute elevation accuracy of approximately 1m for the TanDEM-X derived DEMs (TDX DEMs). The DEMs derived from TanDEM-X data acquired at low water levels show significant advantages over bathymetric maps derived from field survey, particularly with regard to coverage, evenly distributed measurements and replication of reservoir shape. Furthermore, by mapping the dry reservoir bottoms with TanDEM-X data, TDX DEMs are free of emergent and submerged macrophytes, independent of water depth (e.g. >10m), water quality and even weather conditions. Thus, the method is superior to other existing bathymetric mapping approaches, particularly for inland water bodies. The proposed approach relies on (nearly) dry reservoir conditions at times of image acquisition and is thus restricted to areas that show considerable water levels variations. However, comparisons between TDX DEM and the bathymetric map derived from field surveys show that the amount of water retained during the dry phase has only marginal impact on the total water volume derivation from TDX DEM. Overall, DEMs generated from bistatic TanDEM-X data acquired in low water periods constitute a useful and efficient data source for deriving reservoir bathymetry and show great potential in large scale application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuping Zhang
- Remote Sensing Section, German Research Centre for Geosciences (GFZ), Potsdam, Germany; Institute of Geographical Sciences, Freie Universität Berlin (FU Berlin), Berlin, Germany.
| | - Saskia Foerster
- Remote Sensing Section, German Research Centre for Geosciences (GFZ), Potsdam, Germany.
| | - Pedro Medeiros
- Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Ceará (IFCE), Maracanaú, Brazil.
| | - José Carlos de Araújo
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza, Brazil.
| | - Mahdi Motagh
- Remote Sensing Section, German Research Centre for Geosciences (GFZ), Potsdam, Germany.
| | - Bjoern Waske
- Institute of Geographical Sciences, Freie Universität Berlin (FU Berlin), Berlin, Germany.
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da Silva TBC, Costa COD, Galvão AFC, Bomfim LM, Rodrigues ACBDC, Mota MCS, Dantas AA, dos Santos TR, Soares MBP, Bezerra DP. Cytotoxic potential of selected medicinal plants in northeast Brazil. Altern Ther Health Med 2016; 16:199. [PMID: 27391476 PMCID: PMC4938922 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-016-1166-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2016] [Accepted: 06/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Great biodiversity is a highlight of Brazilian flora. In contrast, the therapeutic potentialities of most species used in folk medicine remain unknown. Several of these species are commonly used to treat cancer. In this study, we investigated the cytotoxic activity of 18 plants from 16 families that are found in the northeast region of Brazil. METHODS The following species were studied: Byrsonima sericea DC. (Malpighiaceae), Cupania impressinervia Acev. Rodr. var. (revoluta) Radlk (Sapindaceae), Duranta repens Linn. (Verbenaceae), Helicostylis tomentosa (Poepp. & Endl) Rusby (Moraceae), Himatanthus bracteatus (A.DC.) Woodson (Apocynaceae), Ipomoea purga (Wender.) Hayne (Convolvulaceae), Ixora coccinea Linn. (Rubiaceae), Mabea piriri Aubl. (Euphorbiaceae), Miconia minutiflora (Melastomataceae), Momordica charantia L. (Cucurbitaceae), Ocotea glomerata (Nees) Mez (Lauraceae), Ocotea longifolia Kunth (Oreodaphne opifera Mart. Nees) (Lauraceae), Pavonia fruticosa (Mill.) Fawc. & Rendle (Malvaceae), Psychotria capitata Ruiz & Pav. (Rubiaceae), Schefflera morototoni (Aubl.) Maguire, Steyerm. & Frodin (Araliaceae), Solanum paludosum Moric. (Solanaceae), Xylopia frutescens Aubl. (Annonaceae) and Zanthoxylum rhoifolium Lam. (Rutaceae). Their dried leaves, stems, flowers or fruits were submitted to different solvent extractions, resulting in 55 extracts. After incubating for 72 h, the cytotoxicity of each extract was tested against tumor cell lines using the alamar blue assay. RESULTS The B. sericea, D. repens, H. bracteatus, I. purga, I. coccinea, M. piriri, O. longifolia and P. capitata extracts demonstrated the most potent cytotoxic activity. The chloroform soluble fractions of D. repens flowers and the hexane extract of I. coccinea flowers led to the isolation of quercetin and a mixture of α- and β-amyrin, respectively, and quercetin showed moderate cytotoxic activity. CONCLUSION The B. sericea, D. repens, H. bracteatus, I. purga, I. coccinea, M. piriri, O. longifolia and P. capitata plants were identified as having potent cytotoxic effects. Further investigations are required to determine the mechanisms of cytotoxicity exhibited and their in vivo activities. This work reinforces the need to understand the therapeutics potentialities of Brazilian medicinal plants.
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Almeida Mdo S, Almeida JV, Bertolo MB. [Demographic and clinical features of patients with rheumatoid arthritis in Piauí, Brazil--evaluation of 98 patients]. Rev Bras Reumatol 2014; 54:360-5. [PMID: 25627299 DOI: 10.1016/j.rbr.2014.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2013] [Revised: 01/29/2014] [Accepted: 02/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Brazilian epidemiological studies on rheumatoid arthritis are scarce, mainly in the northeast; thus many data currently available originate from the international literature. OBJECTIVES To describe demographic, clinical and serological characteristics of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) followed-up by the same physician, in state of Piauí, Brazil. PATIENTS AND METHODS Data were collected between August 2010 and March 2013, in three health services of Piauí that provided health care in Rheumatology: a university-affiliated hospital, a public outpatient clinic and a private clinic. RESULTS The numbers represent mean ± SD or percentage: 47.5±11.03 years-old non-Caucasian woman, non-smoker (59.2%), low educational level, mean disease duration of 7.7 years ± 7.6, and major extra-articular manifestations were rheumatoid nodules (19.4%) and sicca syndrome (46.9%). CONCLUSION Features of rheumatoid arthritis obtained in this study are similar to those found in some national and international studies, but we observed higher female preponderance and illiteracy rate, in addition to a moderately severe erosive disease on average, with frequent sicca and other extra-articular manifestations.
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