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Jiang D, Lin S, Gong Q, Hong J, Wang J, Gao H, Guo Y, Tong F, Zhang Y. PAX6 gene promoter methylation is correlated with myopia in Chinese adolescents: a pilot sutdy. Ophthalmic Genet 2024:1-7. [PMID: 38531548 DOI: 10.1080/13816810.2024.2315152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE A large number of epidemiological studies have shown that myopia is a complex disease involving genetic, environmental, and behavioral factors. The purpose of this study was to explore the role of PAX6 gene methylation in myopia in Chinese adolescents. METHODS Eighty junior high school students were divided into four groups based on their vision test results: mild myopia, moderate myopia, severe myopia, and non-myopia control. The methylation level of PAX6 gene promoter was detected by bisulfate pyrosequencing. RESULTS The methylation level of PAX6 gene in myopia group (8.06% ± 1.43%) was slightly but significantly higher than that in non-myopia controls (7.26% ± 1.17%). In addition, PAX6 gene methylation levels presented a decreasing pattern along with the aggravation of myopia. Post-hoc analysis indicated significant inter-group differences for the mild myopia group and other groups (All p < .05). In the subgroup analysis by gender, the methylation level of PAX6 gene promoter in girls was higher than that in boys (p = .023). The ROC curves showed a high accuracy of PAX6 gene methylation to predict mild myopia (AUC (95% CI) = 0.828 (0.709-0.947), p < .001). CONCLUSIONS The methylation of PAX6 gene might play a role in the onset and progression of myopia in Chinese adolescents. And this could potentially explore the potential molecular mechanisms of juvenile myopia in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danjie Jiang
- Department of School Health, Ningbo Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo, China
| | - Shujuan Lin
- Key Laboratory of Translational Tumor Medicine in Fujian Province, Putian University, Putian, China
| | - Qinghai Gong
- Department of School Health, Ningbo Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo, China
| | - Jia Hong
- Department of School Health, Ningbo Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo, China
| | - Jinghui Wang
- Department of School Health, Ningbo Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo, China
| | - Hua Gao
- Department of School Health, Ningbo Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo, China
| | - Yanbo Guo
- Department of School Health, Ningbo Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo, China
| | - Feng Tong
- Department of School Health, Ningbo Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of School Health, Ningbo Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo, China
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Yu Y, Jia H, Ma Q, Zhang R, Jiao Y. A novel missense variant expands the phenotype and genotype of PAX6-associated foveal hypoplasia accompanied by various manifestations of anterior segment dysgenesis. BMC Ophthalmol 2023; 23:349. [PMID: 37553561 PMCID: PMC10408164 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-023-03054-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND According to previous reports, PAX6-associated foveal hypoplasia (FH) could usually be accompanied by various anterior segment anomalies including variable iris changes. This study aims to exhibit unusual phenotypes of a novel missense variant of PAX6 from a Chinese pedigree. METHODS Ophthalmic examinations including slit-lamp biomicroscopy, gonioscopy, ophthalmic ultrasound, ultrasonic biomicroscopy, optical coherence tomography, wide-field fundus imaging, and visual field test were performed to evaluate the clinical manifestations. Whole-exome sequencing (WES) and bioinformatics analysis were conducted in eight members from this pedigree to identify the causative mutation. RESULTS WES revealed a novel heterozygous substitution of PAX6 (NM_000280.5:c.157G > A, p.(Val53Met) (chr11:31823309 C > T, hg19)), which cosegregated with the phenotype of this pedigree. All the three patients (a pair of fraternal twins and their mother) exhibited bilateral FH and anterior segment dysgenesis (ASD) including microcornea, sclerocornea, obvious symmetrical corectopia, iris stromal dysplasia, goniodysgenesis, and abnormal distribution of fundus blood vessels. The girl of the fraternal twins also demonstrated bilateral temporal deviation of lenses and abnormal tissue membrane connecting anterior chamber angle and lens anterior capsule in the right eye. The mother additionally showed apparent cataract bilaterally and cupping of the optic disc in her left eye. CONCLUSION A novel missense variant in PAX6 gene was detected in a Chinese pedigree demonstrating bilateral FH and ASD. It is really distinctive that the ASD involves almost all parts of the anterior segment, and bilateral symmetrical corectopia is the most perceptible sign. This study expands the phenotypic and genotypic spectrum of PAX6-associated ocular diseases, and facilitates the understanding of the crucial role that PAX6 plays in the development of the eye. Meanwhile, PAX6 could be considered as a candidate pathogenic gene of bilateral symmetrical corectopia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanping Yu
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 1 Dongjiaominxiang Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Hongyan Jia
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 1 Dongjiaominxiang Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China.
| | - Qian Ma
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 1 Dongjiaominxiang Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Ranran Zhang
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 1 Dongjiaominxiang Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Yonghong Jiao
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 1 Dongjiaominxiang Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China.
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Huang L, Peng J, Xie Y, Zhou Y, Wang X, Wang H, Gui J, Li N. Diversity of clinical phenotypes in a cohort of Han Chinese patients with PAX6 variants. Front Genet 2023; 14:1011060. [PMID: 36816037 PMCID: PMC9934858 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1011060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The PAX6 gene plays an important role in ocular development. Mutations of the PAX6 gene may result in a series of ocular abnormalities, including congenital aniridia, anterior segment dysgenesis (ASD), progressive corneal opacification, glaucoma, and hypoplasia of the fovea and optic nerve, leading to reduced visual acuity and even blindness. This study aimed to describe the diversity of clinical features caused by PAX6 pathogenic variants in 45 Han Chinese patients from 23 unrelated families. All patients underwent detailed clinical assessment. Genetic testing was performed to identify pathogenic variations in the PAX6 gene by next-generation sequencing, minigene splicing assay, RT-qPCR, and long-range PCR. Twenty pathogenic variations were detected in the PAX6 gene from 12 pedigrees and 11 sporadic patients, of which 12 were previously reported and 8 were novel. The clinical phenotypes obtained as a result of the PAX6 gene mutations were complicated and vary among patients, even among those who carried the same variants. Genetic testing is helpful for differential diagnosis. Our genetic findings will expand the spectrum of pathogenic variations in the PAX6 gene. PAX6 pathogenic variants not only cause defects in ocular tissues, such as the iris and retina, but also lead to maldevelopment of the whole eye, resulting in microphthalmia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China,Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiajia Peng
- Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Xie
- Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yunyu Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaolin Wang
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Beijing Children’s Hospital, National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Beijing Children’s Hospital, National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jingang Gui
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Beijing Children’s Hospital, National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Jingang Gui, ; Ningdong Li,
| | - Ningdong Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China,Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China,Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai, China,Department of Ophthalmology, Children’s Hospital, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Jingang Gui, ; Ningdong Li,
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Bremond-Gignac D, Robert M, Daruich A, Borderie V, Chiambaretta F, Valleix S. [National protocol for diagnosis and care of congenital aniridia: Summary for the attending physician]. J Fr Ophtalmol 2022; 45:647-652. [PMID: 35667788 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfo.2022.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Congenital aniridia is a rare panocular disease defined by a national diagnostic and care protocol (PNDS) validated by the HAS. In most cases, it is due to an abnormality in the PAX6 gene, located at 11p13. Aniridia is a potentially blinding autosomal dominant disease with high penetrance. The prevalence varies from 1/40,000 births to 1/96,000 births. Approximately one third of cases are sporadic. Ocular involvement includes complete or partial absence of iris tissue, corneal opacification with neovascularization, glaucoma, cataract, foveal hypoplasia, optic disc hypoplasia and ptosis. These ocular disorders coexist to varying degrees and progress with age. Congenital aniridia manifests in the first months of life as nystagmus, visual impairment and photophobia. A syndromic form such as WAGR syndrome, WAGRO syndrome (due to the risk of renal Wilms tumor) or Gillespie syndrome (cerebellar ataxia) must be ruled out. Systemic associations may include diabetes, due to expression of the PAX6 gene in the pancreas, as well as other extraocular manifestations. Initial assessment is best carried out in a referral center specialized in rare ophthalmologic diseases, with annual follow-up. The management of progressive ocular involvement must be both proactive and responsive, with medical and surgical management. Visual impairment and photophobia result in disability, leading to difficulties in mobility, movement, communication, learning, fine motor skills, and autonomy, with consequences in personal, school, professional, socio-cultural and athletic life. Medico-socio-educational care involves a multidisciplinary team. Disability rehabilitation must be implemented to prevent and limit situations of handicap in activities of daily living, relying on the Commission for the Rights and Autonomy of People with Disabilities (CDAPH) within the Departmental House of People with Disabilities (MDPH). The general practitioner coordinates multidisciplinary medical and paramedical care.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Bremond-Gignac
- Service d'ophtalmologie, centre hospitalier universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, AP-HP, université de Paris, 149, rue de Sèvres, 75015 Paris, France; Inserm 1138, T17, université de Paris, Paris, France; OPHTARA, Coordonnateur centre de maladies rares en ophtalmologie (CRMR), Filière Sensgene, centre hospitalier universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France.
| | - M Robert
- Service d'ophtalmologie, centre hospitalier universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, AP-HP, université de Paris, 149, rue de Sèvres, 75015 Paris, France; OPHTARA, Coordonnateur centre de maladies rares en ophtalmologie (CRMR), Filière Sensgene, centre hospitalier universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France
| | - A Daruich
- Service d'ophtalmologie, centre hospitalier universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, AP-HP, université de Paris, 149, rue de Sèvres, 75015 Paris, France; Inserm 1138, T17, université de Paris, Paris, France; OPHTARA, Coordonnateur centre de maladies rares en ophtalmologie (CRMR), Filière Sensgene, centre hospitalier universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France
| | - V Borderie
- Ophtalmologie, CHNO des XV-XX, Paris, France
| | - F Chiambaretta
- Ophtalmologie, CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - S Valleix
- Inserm 1138, T17, université de Paris, Paris, France; Laboratoire de génétique moléculaire, centre hospitalier universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, AP-HP, université de Paris, Paris, France
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Abstract
Background Aniridia is a kind of congenital human pan-ocular anomaly, which is related to PAX6 commonly. Methods The ophthalmic examinations including visual acuity, slit lamp and fundoscopy examination were performed in a Chinese aniridia pedigree. The targeted next-generation sequencing of aniridia genes was used to identify the causative mutation. Results A novel heterozygous PAX6 nonsense mutation c.619A > T (p.K207*) was identified in the Chinese autosomal dominant family with aniridia. Phenotype related to the novel mutation included nystagmus, keratopathy, absence of iris, cataract and foveal hypoplasia. Conclusions The novel nonsense variation in PAX6 was the cause of aniridia in this family, which expanded the spectrum of the PAX6 mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Jin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 100853, Beijing, China
| | - W Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hainan Hospital of Chinese PLA General Hospital, 572000, Sanya, Hainan Province, China
| | - L H Qv
- Department of Ophthalmology, the 74th Army Group Hospital, 510318, Guangzhou, China
| | - W Q X
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 100853, Beijing, China
| | - H B Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 100853, Beijing, China. .,Department of Ophthalmology, Hainan Hospital of Chinese PLA General Hospital, 572000, Sanya, Hainan Province, China. .,The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
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Qiu JJ, Zhang Q, Geng ZX, Liu M, Zhong ZL, Chen JJ, Liu F. Identification of a novel PAX6 mutation in a Chinese family with aniridia. BMC Ophthalmol 2019; 19:10. [PMID: 30621664 PMCID: PMC6325832 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-018-1009-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background This study aims to investigate the clinical characterization and causative genetic defect of a four-generation Chinese family with autosomal dominant aniridia. Methods The recruited family members underwent comprehensive routine and ophthalmic examinations, and Sanger sequencing was performed to screen the mutation in PAX6. Results A novel heterozygous PAX6 deletion c.435_445delTAGCGAAAAGC (p.Ser146ThrfsX9) in exon 7 was identified in all affected individuals, but this was absent in any of the unaffected family members and in the 200 unrelated controls. Conclusion A novel deletion in the PAX6 gene was identified in a Chinese family associated with aniridia, which expands the spectrum of the PAX6 mutation and its associated phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Jing Qiu
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No.1 Minde Road, Donghu District, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No.1 Minde Road, Donghu District, Nanchang, 330006, China.
| | - Zi-Xin Geng
- Department of Ophthalmology of Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, and Tongji Eye Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China.,Department of Medical Genetics Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Min Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology of Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, and Tongji Eye Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China.,Department of Medical Genetics Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Zi-Lin Zhong
- Department of Ophthalmology of Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, and Tongji Eye Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China.,Department of Medical Genetics Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Jian-Jun Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology of Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, and Tongji Eye Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China.,Department of Medical Genetics Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Fei Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No.1 Minde Road, Donghu District, Nanchang, 330006, China.
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