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Hassan A, Atkinson KD. Local environment in yeast-based impedance biodosimeters strongly influences the measurable dose. Appl Radiat Isot 2024; 209:111323. [PMID: 38631246 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2024.111323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
This work investigates the feasibility of yeast-based impedance measurements for retrospective dosimetry applications. The local environment around yeast cells in a previously developed film-badge was modeled using Geant4. A greater dose response was observed when yeast cells were surrounded by an aluminum-polymer structure, which acted as a conversion layer. Bench-top experiments were conducted using a jar-based dosimeter design that directly combined a finely-ground aluminum conversion medium with yeast powder. It was shown when irradiated in the presence of aluminum grains, yeast cells yielded a higher impedance signal, thereby indicating greater radiation-induced damage. Finally, in separate irradiation experiments, lead and aluminum sheets were placed behind yeast samples and the dosimeters were irradiated to 1 Gy. A 2-fold increase in the impedance signal was shown when samples were positioned in close contact with the lead sheet compared to the aluminum sheet. In all experiments, it was shown that the local environment significantly influences radiative energy deposition in yeast cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Hassan
- Ontario Tech University, 2000 Simcoe Street, N, Oshawa, Ontario, L1G 0C5, Canada.
| | - K D Atkinson
- Ontario Tech University, 2000 Simcoe Street, N, Oshawa, Ontario, L1G 0C5, Canada
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2
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Ogundare FO, Mashaba M. On the thermoluminescence characteristics of NaF and KCl. Appl Radiat Isot 2024; 204:111127. [PMID: 38043247 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2023.111127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Thermoluminescence (TL) properties of NaF and KCl are investigated in order to assess their suitability as radiation dosemeters for retrospective dosimetry. TL measurements were made on samples irradiated to different doses (1-20 Gy) and heated at a rate ranging from 0.4 to 4 °C/s in a TL/OSL reader. The TL glow curves of NaF, readout at 1oCs-1, exhibited six apparent peaks around 38.7 ± 1.4, 63.5 ± 0.5, 105.5 ± 0.4, 237.5 ± 0.8, 299.0 ± 1.0 and 347.5 ± 0.7 °C with a shoulder around 168.0 ± 2.3 °C. Those of KCl have three clearly identifiable peaks around 44.0 ± 0.3, 95.3 ± 0.8 and 160.5 ± 0.7 °C. Glow curve deconvolution, however, revealed that the glow curves of NaF and KCl are best fitted with nine and five glow peaks respectively. In NaF, all the peaks exhibited linearity of dose-response in the entire dose range considered in this study. Only the peaks around 95.3 ± 0.8 and 160.5 ± 0.7 °C exhibited linear dose-response in the entire dose range for KCl. In NaF, there was thermal quenching of the TL responses of the peaks around 63.5 ± 0.5, 105.5 ± 0.4 and 237.5 ± 0.8 °C, and thermal enhancement of responses for peaks around 299.0 ± 1.0 and 347.5 ± 0.7 °C. With respect to KCl, the TL responses of all the peaks exhibited thermal enhancement as heating rate was increased. The activation energies associated with the thermal enhancement and quenching of the peaks' TL responses are presented. The repeated use of an aliquot of NaF five times for dose measurements resulted in an acceptable variation in sensitivity, on the other hand the sensitivity of KCl decreased with increasing number of repeat use. The activation energy of the electron traps associated with the glow peaks in both crystals calculated in this study are comparable to previously published values. Both crystals can be used for retrospective dosimetry however change in sensitivity with repeat use of an aliquot will have to be accounted for in the case of KCl.
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Affiliation(s)
- F O Ogundare
- Department of Physics, University of Botswana, Private Bag UB 0022, Gaborone, Botswana.
| | - M Mashaba
- Department of Physics, University of Botswana, Private Bag UB 0022, Gaborone, Botswana
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3
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Hiller M, Woda C, Degteva M, Bugrov N, Shishkina E, Pryakhin E, Ivanov O. External dose reconstruction at the shore of the Metlinsky Pond in the former village of Metlino (Techa River, Russia) based on environmental surveys, luminescence measurements and radiation transport modelling. Radiat Environ Biophys 2022; 61:87-109. [PMID: 34816291 DOI: 10.1007/s00411-021-00953-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The cohorts of people formerly living at the Techa River shoreline in the Southern Urals, Russia, are widely studied cohorts for the investigation of low-dose radiation effects to human health. The nuclear facilities of the Mayak Production Association (PA) discharged their radioactive effluents into the nearby Techa River, especially in the first years of operation. Health status of cohort member data is constantly being improved and updated. Consequently, there is a need to also improve and verify the underlying dosimetry, which gives information about the dose of cohort members. For the Techa River population, the dosimetry is handled in the Techa River Dosimetry System (TRDS). The present work shows results of a feasibility study to validate the TRDS at the location of the village of Metlino, a village just 7 km downstream from the Mayak PA. For this settlement there were two sources of external exposure, the contaminated banks of the Techa River and the contaminated shoreline of the nearby Metlinsky Pond. In the present study the north-western wall of a granary was used as a dose archive to validate dose estimates. Measurements of doses in brick accumulated over many decades and measurements of the current dose rate in bricks were combined with dose rate measurements in air above ground in front of the granary, historical contamination data and Monte-Carlo simulations. Air kerma estimates for 1949-1956 significantly different from zero could not be reconstructed for the Metlinsky Pond shoreline near the granary, but an upper dose limit could be estimated. Implications for TRDS-2016 are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Clemens Woda
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute of Medicine, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Marina Degteva
- Urals Research Center for Radiation Medicine, Chelaybinsk, Russia
| | - Nikolay Bugrov
- Urals Research Center for Radiation Medicine, Chelaybinsk, Russia
| | - Elena Shishkina
- Urals Research Center for Radiation Medicine, Chelaybinsk, Russia
- Chelyabinsk State University, Chelyabinsk, 454001, Russia
| | - Evgeny Pryakhin
- Urals Research Center for Radiation Medicine, Chelaybinsk, Russia
| | - Oleg Ivanov
- National Research Center, Kurchatov Institute, Moscow, 123182, Russia
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Stockinger M, Karle H, Rennau H, Sebb S, Wolf U, Remmele J, Bührdel S, Bartkowiak D, Blettner M, Schmidberger H, Wollschläger D. Heart atlas for retrospective cardiac dosimetry: a multi-institutional study on interobserver contouring variations and their dosimetric impact. Radiat Oncol 2021; 16:241. [PMID: 34930360 PMCID: PMC8691015 DOI: 10.1186/s13014-021-01965-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Cardiac effects after breast cancer radiation therapy potentially affect more patients as survival improves. The heart's heterogeneous radiation exposure and composition of functional structures call for establishing individual relationships between structure dose and specific late effects. However, valid dosimetry requires reliable contouring which is challenging for small volumes based on older, lower-quality computed tomography imaging. We developed a heart atlas for robust heart contouring in retrospective epidemiologic studies. METHODS AND MATERIALS The atlas defined the complete heart and geometric surrogate volumes for six cardiac structures: aortic valve, pulmonary valve, all deeper structures combined, myocardium, left anterior myocardium, and right anterior myocardium. We collected treatment planning records from 16 patients from 4 hospitals including dose calculations for 3D conformal tangential field radiation therapy for left-sided breast cancer. Six observers each contoured all patients. We assessed spatial contouring agreement and corresponding dosimetric variability. RESULTS Contouring agreement for the complete heart was high with a mean Jaccard similarity coefficient (JSC) of 89%, a volume coefficient of variation (CV) of 5.2%, and a mean dose CV of 4.2%. The left (right) anterior myocardium had acceptable agreement with 63% (58%) JSC, 9.8% (11.5%) volume CV, and 11.9% (8.0%) mean dose CV. Dosimetric agreement for the deep structures and aortic valve was good despite higher spatial variation. Low spatial agreement for the pulmonary valve translated to poor dosimetric agreement. CONCLUSIONS For the purpose of retrospective dosimetry based on older imaging, geometric surrogate volumes for cardiac organs at risk can yield better contouring agreement than anatomical definitions, but retain limitations for small structures like the pulmonary valve.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Stockinger
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Radiation Therapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Heiko Karle
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Radiation Therapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Hannes Rennau
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Rostock, Südring 75, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Sabine Sebb
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Rostock, Südring 75, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Ulrich Wolf
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Leipzig, Stephanstraße 9a, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Julia Remmele
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Leipzig, Stephanstraße 9a, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sandra Bührdel
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Detlef Bartkowiak
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Maria Blettner
- Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics (IMBEI), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Obere Zahlbacher Str. 69, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Heinz Schmidberger
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Radiation Therapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Daniel Wollschläger
- Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics (IMBEI), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Obere Zahlbacher Str. 69, 55131, Mainz, Germany.
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Ekendahl D, Kurková D, Judas L, Čemusová Z, Reimitz D, Kubínová M, Kapuciánová M, Hupka I. Comparison of luminescence detectors of Al 2O 3:C, CaF 2:Mn, LiF:Mg,Cu,P and quartz with respect to retrospective dose reconstructions using bricks. Appl Radiat Isot 2021; 178:109947. [PMID: 34536830 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2021.109947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In the aftermath of an orphan radiation source find, a complex retrospective dose reconstruction can be required to estimate doses of persons who were staying in the vicinity. In retrospective dose reconstructions based on luminescence measurements of quartz extracted from bricks, high sensitivity thermoluminescence detectors (TLD) can be used as an ancillary tool for dose distribution measurements or natural radiation background measurement. We investigated the potential and limits of Al2O3:C, CaF2:Mn and LiF:Mg,Cu,P detectors for such applications. We measured depth-dose profiles in bricks using quartz and the TLDs. We factored in important dosimetry characteristics such as dose response, energy response and detection threshold. The work included Monte Carlo simulations. Depth-dose profiles and radiation spectra inside of the bricks were calculated for purposes of comparison and interpretation. The measurements and calculations were performed for two different photon spectra with mean energies of 662 and 118 keV. As regards comparison of the measured and Monte Carlo calculated depth-dose profiles, the best agreement was found for LiF:Mg,Cu,P. Quartz, Al2O3:C and CaF2:Mn tend to overestimate dose for lower photon energies and greater depths in bricks. The overestimation was the most marked for CaF2:Mn. For measurements related to quartz, especially for natural radiation background dose measurement, the most suitable TLDs are Al2O3:C and LiF:Mg,Cu,P. CaF2:Mn is the least useful material.
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Jakathamani S, Annalakshmi O, Jose MT, Mathiyarasu R, Venkatraman B. Ceramic based electronic component as retrospective radiation dosimeter. Appl Radiat Isot 2021; 170:109618. [PMID: 33550090 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2021.109618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Surface mount electronic devices (like resistors, capacitors, and inductors) extracted from the portable electronic devices (mobile phones, USB drives, etc.) have been studied for dose reconstruction using luminescence techniques for radiological or nuclear emergencies. In this work, carbon coated ceramic resistors removed from the electronic instruments are analyzed using thermo luminescence (TL) technique for the retrospective dose reconstruction. TL measurements on beta irradiated ceramic resistors exhibited one major dosimetric peak at around 540 K in addition to three other low temperature peaks. A linear beta dose response has been observed from 1 Gy to 125 Gy with Minimum Detectable Dose (MDD) of 0.1 Gy. The dose response is found to be supralinear below 1 Gy. The fading studies have been carried out and investigated up to 30 days. The important kinetic parameters for the material like TL trap depth, frequency factor and order of kinetics are evaluated by deconvolution method.
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Juniewicz M, Marciniak A, Ciesielski B, Prawdzik-Dampc A, Sawczak M, Boguś P. The effect of sunlight and UV lamp exposure on EPR signals in X-ray irradiated touch screens of mobile phones. Radiat Environ Biophys 2020; 59:539-552. [PMID: 32564131 PMCID: PMC7368873 DOI: 10.1007/s00411-020-00858-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) signals generated by ionizing radiation in touch-screen glasses have been reported as useful for personal dosimetry in people accidently exposed to ionizing radiation. This article describes the effect of light exposure on EPR spectra of various glasses obtained from mobile phones. This effect can lead to significant inaccuracy of the radiation doses reconstructed by EPR. The EPR signals from samples unexposed and exposed to X-rays and/or to natural and artificial light were numerically separated into three model spectra: those due to background (BG), radiation-induced signal (RIS), and light-induced signal (LIS). Although prolonged exposures of mobile phones to UV light are rather implausible, the article indicates errors underestimating the actual radiation doses in dose reconstruction in glasses exposed to UV light even for low fluences equivalent to several minutes of sunshine, if one neglects the effects of light in applied dosimetric procedures. About 5 min of exposure to sunlight or to light from common UV lamps reduced the intensity of the dosimetric spectral components by 20-60% as compared to non-illuminated samples. This effect strongly limits the achievable accuracy of retrospective dosimetry using EPR in glasses from mobile phones, unless their exposure to light containing a UV component can be excluded or the light-induced reduction in intensity of the RIS can be quantitatively estimated. A method for determination of a correction factor accounting for the perturbing light effects is proposed on basis of the determined relation between the dosimetric signal and intensity of the light-induced signal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Juniewicz
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Medical University of Gdańsk, Dębinki 1, 80-211, Gdańsk, Poland.
| | - Agnieszka Marciniak
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Medical University of Gdańsk, Dębinki 1, 80-211, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Bartłomiej Ciesielski
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Medical University of Gdańsk, Dębinki 1, 80-211, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Anita Prawdzik-Dampc
- Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Medical University of Gdańsk, Smoluchowskiego 17, 80-214, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Mirosław Sawczak
- Heat Transfer Department, The Szewalski Institute of Fluid-Flow Machinery Polish Academy of Sciences, Generała Józefa Fiszera 14, 80-231, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Piotr Boguś
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Medical University of Gdańsk, Dębinki 1, 80-211, Gdańsk, Poland
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Wahib NB, Abdul Sani SF, Ramli A, Ismail SS, Abdul Jabar MH, Khandaker MU, Daar E, Almugren KS, Alkallas FH, Bradley DA. Natural dead sea salt and retrospective dosimetry. Radiat Environ Biophys 2020; 59:523-537. [PMID: 32462382 DOI: 10.1007/s00411-020-00846-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Accidents resulting in widespread dispersal of radioactive materials have given rise to a need for materials that are convenient in allowing individual dose assessment. The present study examines natural Dead Sea salt adopted as a model thermoluminescence dosimetry system. Samples were prepared in two different forms, loose-raw and loose-ground, subsequently exposed to 60Co gamma-rays, delivering doses in the range 2-10 Gy. Key thermoluminescence (TL) properties were examined, including glow curves, dose response, sensitivity, reproducibility and fading. Glow curves shapes were found to be independent of given dose, prominent TL peaks for the raw and ground samples appearing in the temperature ranges 361-385 ºC and 366-401 ºC, respectively. The deconvolution of glow curves has been undertaken using GlowFit, resulting in ten overlapping first-order kinetic glow peaks. For both sample forms, the integrated TL yield displays linearity of response with dose, the loose-raw salt showing some 2.5 × the sensitivity of the ground salt. The samples showed similar degrees of fading, with respective residual signals 28 days post-irradiation of 66% and 62% for the ground and raw forms respectively; conversely, confronted by light-induced fading the respective signal losses were 62% and 80%. The effective atomic number of the Dead Sea salt of 16.3 is comparable to that of TLD-200 (Zeff 16.3), suitable as an environmental radiation monitor in accident situations but requiring careful calibration in the reconstruction of soft tissue dose (soft tissue Zeff 7.2). Sample luminescence studies were carried out via Raman and Photoluminescence spectroscopy as well as X-ray diffraction, ionizing radiation dependent variation in lattice structure being found to influence TL response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norfadira Binti Wahib
- Department of Physics, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Centre for Biomedical Physics, School of Healthcare and Medical Sciences, Sunway University, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - S F Abdul Sani
- Department of Physics, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Ain Ramli
- Department of Physics, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - S S Ismail
- Department of Physics, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - M U Khandaker
- Department of Physics, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Centre for Biomedical Physics, School of Healthcare and Medical Sciences, Sunway University, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - E Daar
- Department of Physics, The University of Jordan, Amman, 11942, Jordan
| | - K S Almugren
- Department of Physics, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - F H Alkallas
- Department of Physics, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - D A Bradley
- Centre for Biomedical Physics, School of Healthcare and Medical Sciences, Sunway University, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7XH, UK
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Shishkina EA, Pryakhin EA, Sharagin PA, Osipov DI, Tryapitsina GA, Atamanyuk NI, Egoreichenkov EA, Trapeznikov AV, Rudolfsen G, Teien HC, Sneve MK. The radiation exposure of fish in the period of the Techa river peak contamination. J Environ Radioact 2019; 201:43-55. [PMID: 30753952 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2019.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Revised: 12/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Waterborne radioactive releases into the Techa River from the Mayak Production Association in Russia during 1949-1956 resulted in downstream contamination of the river ecosystem. The discharged liquid waste contained both short-lived isotopes (95Zr, 95Nb, 103,106Ru, 141,144Ce, 91Y, 89Sr and 140Ba with half-life from 3 days to 1.02 years) and the long-lived 90Sr and 137Cs (half-life - 28.79 y and 30.07 y, respectively). Even now, when two half-lives of 90Sr and 137Cs have passed, the contamination in the upper river region (about 70 km from the source of releases) is still relatively high. Current anthropogenic dose rates calculated for the fish of the Techa River depend on the distance along the stream and decrease from 150 to 3 μGy day-1. Radiation exposure of fish is expected to have been much higher at the time of the releases. The aim of the study was to evaluate the dose rates for the most common fish species of the river, viz., roach (Rutilus rutilus), perch (Perca fluviatilis) and pike (Esox lucius), in the period of peak contamination of the upper reaches of the Techa River from 1950 to 1951. To achieve this objective, calculation of both internal and external dose rates was performed. For dose rate calculation, the contamination of the river compartments was modeled, body-size dependent dose coefficients were evaluated, morphometric data were analyzed. Maximum dose rates were obtained for roach; minimum - for pike, it depends on fish lifestyle (time spent at the bottom). In the period before September 1950, fish of the upper reaches are assessed to have been exposed to dose rates exceeding the screening level equal to 240 μGy day-1. From September 1950 up to the end of 1952 the fish dose rates along the Techa River were found to be close to the UNSCEAR threshold equal to 9.6 × 103 μGy day-1 or even much more higher (up to 1.9 × 105 μGy day-1). Extremely high historical dose rates did not lead to the difference in fish size and fish growth rate currently observed in the Techa River and in the comparison waterbody (the Miass River). Discussion includes the description of radiation effects observed currently in the river fish. Today the effects observed in hematopoietic system may be the consequence of radiation exposure of fish over several generations. For example, long term dwelling of fish in the radioactively contaminated environment leads to their adaptation to chronic radiation exposure. At the same time, an increase their sensitivity and decrease their adaptive capacity to respond to other stress factors can be observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- E A Shishkina
- Urals Research Center for Radiation Medicine, 68A, Vorovsky Str., 454076 Chelyabinsk, Russia; Chelyabinsk State University, Chelyabinsk, Russia.
| | - E A Pryakhin
- Urals Research Center for Radiation Medicine, 68A, Vorovsky Str., 454076 Chelyabinsk, Russia
| | - P A Sharagin
- Urals Research Center for Radiation Medicine, 68A, Vorovsky Str., 454076 Chelyabinsk, Russia
| | - D I Osipov
- Urals Research Center for Radiation Medicine, 68A, Vorovsky Str., 454076 Chelyabinsk, Russia
| | - G A Tryapitsina
- Urals Research Center for Radiation Medicine, 68A, Vorovsky Str., 454076 Chelyabinsk, Russia; Chelyabinsk State University, Chelyabinsk, Russia
| | - N I Atamanyuk
- Urals Research Center for Radiation Medicine, 68A, Vorovsky Str., 454076 Chelyabinsk, Russia
| | - E A Egoreichenkov
- Urals Research Center for Radiation Medicine, 68A, Vorovsky Str., 454076 Chelyabinsk, Russia
| | - A V Trapeznikov
- Institute of Plant and Animal Ecology of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IPAE), Yekaterinburg, Russia
| | - G Rudolfsen
- Norwegian Radiation Protection Authority, Østerås, Norway; University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway
| | - H C Teien
- Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Center of Excellence in Environmental Radioactivity (CERAD), Ås, Norway
| | - M K Sneve
- Norwegian Radiation Protection Authority, Østerås, Norway
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10
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Słonecka I, Łukasik K, Fornalski KW. Simplified Bayesian method: application in cytogenetic biological dosimetry of mixed n + γ radiation fields. Radiat Environ Biophys 2019; 58:49-57. [PMID: 30465080 PMCID: PMC6394655 DOI: 10.1007/s00411-018-0764-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This article describes the application of a simplified Bayesian method for estimation of doses from a mixed field using cytogenetic biological dosimetry, taking as an example neutron and gamma radiation emitted from the MARIA nuclear research reactor in Poland. The Bayesian approach is a good alternative to the commonly used iterative method, which allows separate dose estimation. In the present paper, a computer program, which uses the iterative and simplified Bayesian methods to calculate mixed radiation doses, is introduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Słonecka
- Central Laboratory for Radiological Protection, Konwaliowa 7, 03-194, Warszawa, Poland.
- Faculty of Physics, Warsaw University of Technology, Koszykowa 75, 00-662, Warszawa, Poland.
| | - K Łukasik
- Faculty of Physics, Warsaw University of Technology, Koszykowa 75, 00-662, Warszawa, Poland
| | - K W Fornalski
- Ex-Polon Laboratory, ul. Podleśna 81a, 05-552, Łazy, Poland
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Guidelli EJ, Lima IS, Baffa O. Monosodium glutamate for accidental, retrospective, and medical dosimetry using electron spin resonance. Radiat Environ Biophys 2018; 57:349-356. [PMID: 30242477 DOI: 10.1007/s00411-018-0756-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The risk of a radiation episode has increased in the last years due to several reasons. In case of a nuclear incident, as with the use of an improvised nuclear device, determination of the radiation doses received by the victims is of utmost importance to define the appropriate medical treatment or to monitor the late effects of radiation. Dose assessment in case of accidents can be performed using commonplace materials found in the accident area. In this paper, the dosimetric properties of monosodium glutamate are investigated by electron spin resonance spectroscopy (ESR), for retrospective and accidental dosimetry. The spectroscopic parameters were optimized to achieve higher signal intensity and better signal-to-noise ratio. As a result, the lowest detectable dose was 0.1 Gy, and monosodium glutamate showed a linear dose-response curve for doses ranging from 0.1 Gy to 10 kGy. The dosimetric signal was monitored from minutes right after irradiation, until 1 year. No changes in the signal intensity were observed over this period, meaning that doses could be assessed immediately after radiation exposure and can still be reconstructed long after the accident. This property also implies that late effects due to victim's radiation exposure could be better monitored and understood. ESR signal intensity for samples irradiated with a photon energy below 100 keV was decreased by only 27% and no dose-rate dependence was noticed. Therefore, the ability to measure doses as low as 0.1 Gy, the high stability of the dosimetric signal, as well as independence on dose rate, tissue equivalence, low-cost, and wide commercial availability make monosodium glutamate a very good dosimetric material not only for retrospective and accidental but also for medical dosimetry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eder J Guidelli
- Departamento de Física, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Prêto, SP, Brazil.
| | - Iara S Lima
- Departamento de Física, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Prêto, SP, Brazil
| | - Oswaldo Baffa
- Departamento de Física, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Prêto, SP, Brazil
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Gasic D, Rosenschöld PMA, Vogelius IR, Maraldo MV, Aznar MC, Nysom K, Björk-Eriksson T, Bentzen SM, Brodin NP. Retrospective estimation of heart and lung doses in pediatric patients treated with spinal irradiation. Radiother Oncol 2018; 128:209-213. [PMID: 29859753 PMCID: PMC6261493 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2018.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Revised: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to investigate whether treatment information from medical records can be used to estimate radiation doses to heart and lungs retrospectively in pediatric patients receiving spinal irradiation with conventional posterior fields. MATERIAL AND METHODS An algorithm for retrospective dosimetry in children treated with spinal irradiation was developed in a cohort of 21 pediatric patients with available CT-scans and treatment plans. We developed a multivariable linear regression model with explanatory variables identifiable in case note review for retrospective estimation of minimum, maximum, mean and V10%-V80% doses to the heart and lungs. Doses were estimated for both linear accelerator (Linac) and 60Co radiation therapy modalities. RESULTS Age and spinal field width were identified as statistically significant predictors of heart and lung doses in multivariable analyses (p < 0.01 in all models). Models showed excellent predictive performance with R2 = 0.70 for mean heart dose and 0.79 for mean lung dose, for Linac plans. In leave-one-out cross-validation analysis the average difference between predicted and actual mean heart dose was 6.7% and 7.6% of the prescription dose for Linac and 60Co plans, respectively, and 5.2% and 4.9% for mean lung dose. Due to the small sample size and large inter-patient variation in heart and lung dose, prospective studies validating these findings are highly warranted. CONCLUSIONS The models presented here provide retrospective estimates of heart and lung doses for historical cohorts of pediatric patients, thus facilitating studies of long-term adverse effects of radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Gasic
- Department of Oncology, Section of Radiotherapy, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Per Munck Af Rosenschöld
- Department of Radiation Physics, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden; Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ivan R Vogelius
- Department of Oncology, Section of Radiotherapy, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Maja V Maraldo
- Department of Oncology, Section of Radiotherapy, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marianne C Aznar
- Manchester Cancer Research Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Karsten Nysom
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The Juliane Marie Center, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thomas Björk-Eriksson
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Sweden; Regional Cancer Centre West, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Søren M Bentzen
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
| | - Nils Patrik Brodin
- Institute for Onco-Physics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, USA
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Chumak VV, Klymenko SV, Zitzelsberger H, Wilke C, Rybchenko LA, Bakhanova EV. Doses of Ukrainian female clean-up workers with diagnosed breast cancer. Radiat Environ Biophys 2018; 57:163-168. [PMID: 29550923 DOI: 10.1007/s00411-018-0738-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The Chernobyl reactor accident in 1986 has caused significant exposure to ionizing radiation of the Ukrainian population, in particular clean-up workers and evacuees from the exclusion zones. A study aiming at the discovery of radiation markers of the breast cancer was conducted from 2008 to 2015 within a collaborative project by HZM, LMU, and NRCRM. In this study, post-Chernobyl breast cancer cases both in radiation-exposed female patients diagnosed at age less than 60 from 1992 to 2014 and in non-exposed controls matched for residency, tumor type, age at diagnosis, TNM classification as well as tumor grading were investigated for molecular changes with special emphasis to copy number alterations and miRNA profiles. Cancer registry and clinical archive data were used to identify 435 breast cancer patients among female clean-up workers and 14 among evacuees from highly contaminated territories as candidates for the study. Of these, 129 breast cancer patients fit study inclusion criteria and were traced for individual reconstruction of the target organ (breast) doses. The doses were estimated for 71 exposed cases (clean-up workers and evacuees from which biomaterial was available for molecular studies and who agreed to participate in a dosimetric interview) by the use of the well-established RADRUE method, which was adjusted specifically for the assessment of breast doses. The results of 58 female clean-up workers showed a large inter-individual variability of doses in a range of about five orders of magnitude: from 0.03 to 929 mGy, with median of 5.8 mGy. The study provides the first quantitative estimate of exposures received by female clean-up workers, which represent a limited but very important group of population affected by the Chernobyl accident. The doses of 13 women evacuated after the accident who did not take part in the clean-up activities (from 4 to 45 mGy with median of 19 mGy) are in line with the previous estimates for the evacuees from Pripyat and the 30-km zone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vadim V Chumak
- National Research Center for Radiation Medicine, National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine.
| | - Sergiy V Klymenko
- National Research Center for Radiation Medicine, National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Horst Zitzelsberger
- Research Unit Radiation Cytogenetics, Deutsches Forschungszentrum fuer Gesundheit und Umwelt, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, Neuherberg, Germany
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Christina Wilke
- Research Unit Radiation Cytogenetics, Deutsches Forschungszentrum fuer Gesundheit und Umwelt, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Lyudmila A Rybchenko
- National Research Center for Radiation Medicine, National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Elena V Bakhanova
- National Research Center for Radiation Medicine, National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
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El-Faramawy NA, El-Somany I, Mansour A, Maghraby AM, Eissa H, Wieser A. Camel molar tooth enamel response to gamma rays using EPR spectroscopy. Radiat Environ Biophys 2018; 57:63-68. [PMID: 29027002 DOI: 10.1007/s00411-017-0718-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Tooth enamel samples from molar teeth of camel were prepared using a combined procedure of mechanical and chemical tooth treatment. Based on electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy, the dose response of tooth enamel samples was examined and compared to that of human enamel. The EPR dose response of the tooth enamel samples was obtained through irradiation to gamma doses from 1 Gy up to 100 kGy. It was found that the radiation-induced EPR signal increased linearly with gamma dose for all studied tooth enamel samples, up to about 15 kGy. At higher doses, the dose response curve leveled off. The results revealed that the location of the native signal of camel tooth enamel was similar to that of enamel from human molars at 2.00644, but different from that of enamel from cows and goats. In addition, the peak-to-peak width (ΔH pp) for human and camel molar teeth was similar. It was also found that the response of camel enamel to gamma radiation was 36% lower than that of human enamel. In conclusion, the results indicate the suitability of camel teeth for retrospective gamma dosimetry.
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Affiliation(s)
- N A El-Faramawy
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo, 11566, Egypt.
| | - I El-Somany
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo, 11566, Egypt
| | - A Mansour
- National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Atomic Energy Authority, P.O.B 8029, Nasr City, Cairo, 11371, Egypt
| | - A M Maghraby
- Ionizing Radiation Metrology Laboratory, National Institute of Standards (NIS), P.O.B 136, Giza, 12211, Egypt
| | - H Eissa
- Ionizing Radiation Metrology Laboratory, National Institute of Standards (NIS), P.O.B 136, Giza, 12211, Egypt
| | - A Wieser
- Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Department of Radiation Sciences, Institute of Radiation Protection, Neuherberg, Germany
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Geber-Bergstrand T, Bernhardsson C, Christiansson M, Mattsson S, Rääf CL. Optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dosimetry in irradiated alumina substrates from mobile phone resistors. Radiat Environ Biophys 2018; 57:69-75. [PMID: 29255926 PMCID: PMC5816098 DOI: 10.1007/s00411-017-0725-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 12/10/2017] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
In this study the dosimetric properties of alumina (Al2O3) substrates found in resistors retrieved from mobile phones were investigated. Measurements of the decline of optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) generated following exposure of these substrates to ionising radiation showed that 16% of the signal could still be detected after 2 years (735 days). Further, the magnitude of the regenerative dose (calibration dose; D i) had no impact on the accuracy of dose estimates. Therefore, it is recommended that the D i be set as low as is practicable, so as to accelerate data retrieval. The critical dose, D CL, and dose limit of detection, D DL, taking into account the uncertainty in the dose-response relation as well as the uncertainty in the background signal, was estimated to be 7 and 13 mGy, respectively, 1 h after exposure. It is concluded that given the significant long-term component of fading, an absorbed dose of 0.5 Gy might still be detectable up to 6 years after the exposure. Thus, OSL from alumina substrates can be used for dosimetry for time periods far in excess of those previously thought.
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Affiliation(s)
- Therése Geber-Bergstrand
- Medical Radiation Physics, Department of Translational Medicine, Malmö, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Lund University, 205 02, Malmö, Sweden.
| | - Christian Bernhardsson
- Medical Radiation Physics, Department of Translational Medicine, Malmö, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Lund University, 205 02, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Maria Christiansson
- Medical Radiation Physics, Department of Translational Medicine, Malmö, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Lund University, 205 02, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Sören Mattsson
- Medical Radiation Physics, Department of Translational Medicine, Malmö, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Lund University, 205 02, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Christopher L Rääf
- Medical Radiation Physics, Department of Translational Medicine, Malmö, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Lund University, 205 02, Malmö, Sweden
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Russell NS, Krul IM, van Eggermond AM, Aleman BM, Cooke R, Kuiper S, Allen SD, Wallis MG, Llanas D, Diallo I, de Vathaire F, Smith SA, Hauptmann M, Broeks A, Swerdlow AJ, Van Leeuwen FE. Retrospective methods to estimate radiation dose at the site of breast cancer development after Hodgkin lymphoma radiotherapy. Clin Transl Radiat Oncol 2017; 7:20-27. [PMID: 29594225 PMCID: PMC5862668 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctro.2017.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 09/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND An increased risk of breast cancer following radiotherapy for Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) has now been robustly established. In order to estimate the dose-response relationship more accurately, and to aid clinical decision making, a retrospective estimation of the radiation dose delivered to the site of the subsequent breast cancer is required. METHODS For 174 Dutch and 170 UK female patients with breast cancer following HL treatment, the 3-dimensional position of the breast cancer in the affected breast was determined and transferred onto a CT-based anthropomorphic phantom. Using a radiotherapy treatment planning system the dose distribution on the CT-based phantom was calculated for the 46 different radiation treatment field set-ups used in the study population. The estimated dose at the centre of the breast cancer, and a margin to reflect dose uncertainty were determined on the basis of the location of the tumour and the isodose lines from the treatment planning. We assessed inter-observer variation and for 47 patients we compared the results with a previously applied dosimetry method. RESULTS The estimated median point dose at the centre of the breast cancer location was 29.75 Gy (IQR 5.8-37.2), or about 75% of the prescribed radiotherapy dose. The median dose uncertainty range was 5.97 Gy. We observed an excellent inter-observer variation (ICC 0.89 (95% CI: 0.74-0.95)). The absolute agreement intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) for inter-method variation was 0.59 (95% CI: 0.37-0.75), indicating (nearly) good agreement. There were no systematic differences in the dose estimates between observers or methods. CONCLUSION Estimates of the dose at the point of a subsequent breast cancer show good correlation between methods, but the retrospective nature of the estimates means that there is always some uncertainty to be accounted for.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola S. Russell
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute – Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Inge M. Krul
- Divison of Psychosocial Research, Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The Netherlands Cancer Institute – Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anna M. van Eggermond
- Divison of Psychosocial Research, Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The Netherlands Cancer Institute – Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Berthe M.P. Aleman
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute – Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rosie Cooke
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology (R.C., A.J.S.), Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Susanne Kuiper
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute – Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Steven D. Allen
- Department of Radiology, Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Downs Rd, Sutton, Surrey SM2 5PT, UK
| | - Matthew G. Wallis
- Cambridge Breast Unit and NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, England, UK
| | - Damien Llanas
- Cancer and Radiation Team, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Unit 1018, Villejuif, France
| | - Ibrahima Diallo
- Cancer and Radiation Team, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Unit 1018, Villejuif, France
| | - Florent de Vathaire
- Cancer and Radiation Team, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Unit 1018, Villejuif, France
| | - Susan A. Smith
- Department of Radiation Physics, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Michael Hauptmann
- Divison of Psychosocial Research, Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The Netherlands Cancer Institute – Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Annegien Broeks
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute – Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anthony J. Swerdlow
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology (R.C., A.J.S.), Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey SM2 5NG, UK
- Division of Breast Cancer Research (A.J.S.), Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Flora E. Van Leeuwen
- Divison of Psychosocial Research, Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The Netherlands Cancer Institute – Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Hiller MM, Woda C, Bougrov NG, Degteva MO, Ivanov O, Ulanovsky A, Romanov S. External dose reconstruction for the former village of Metlino (Techa River, Russia) based on environmental surveys, luminescence measurements, and radiation transport modelling. Radiat Environ Biophys 2017; 56:139-159. [PMID: 28374124 DOI: 10.1007/s00411-017-0688-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 03/05/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In the first years of its operation, the Mayak Production Association, a facility part of the Soviet nuclear weapons program in the Southern Urals, Russia, discharged large amounts of radioactively contaminated effluent into the nearby Techa River, thus exposing the people living at this river to external and internal radiations. The Techa River Cohort is a cohort intensely studied in epidemiology to investigate the correlation between low-dose radiation and health effects on humans. For the individuals in the cohort, the Techa River Dosimetry System describes the accumulated dose in human organs and tissues. In particular, organ doses from external exposure are derived from estimates of dose rate in air on the Techa River banks which were estimated from measurements and Monte Carlo modelling. Individual doses are calculated in accordance with historical records of individuals' residence histories, observational data of typical lifestyles for different age groups, and age-dependent conversion factors from air kerma to organ dose. The work here describes an experimentally independent assessment of the key input parameter of the dosimetry system, the integral air kerma, for the former village of Metlino, upper Techa River region. The aim of this work was thus to validate the Techa River Dosimetry System for the location of Metlino in an independent approach. Dose reconstruction based on dose measurements in bricks from a church tower and Monte Carlo calculations was used to model the historic air kerma accumulated in the time from 1949 to 1956 at the shoreline of the Techa River in Metlino. Main issues are caused by a change in the landscape after the evacuation of the village in 1956. Based on measurements and published information and data, two separate models for the historic pre-evacuation geometry and for the current geometry of Metlino were created. Using both models, a value for the air kerma was reconstructed, which agrees with that obtained in the Techa River Dosimetry System within a factor of two.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Hiller
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute of Radiation Protection, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany.
| | - C Woda
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute of Radiation Protection, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - N G Bougrov
- Urals Research Center for Radiation Medicine, Chelyabinsk, Russia
| | - M O Degteva
- Urals Research Center for Radiation Medicine, Chelyabinsk, Russia
| | - O Ivanov
- Kurchatov Institute Moscow, Moscow, 123182, Russia
| | - A Ulanovsky
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute of Radiation Protection, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - S Romanov
- Southern Urals Biophysics Institute, Ozyorsk, Russia
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Jang S, Lee JK, Cho M, Yang SS, Kim SH, Kim WT. Consecutive results of blood cell count and retrospective biodosimetry: useful tools of health protection regulation for radiation workers. Occup Environ Med 2016; 73:694-700. [PMID: 27466611 PMCID: PMC5036271 DOI: 10.1136/oemed-2016-103775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2016] [Revised: 06/22/2016] [Accepted: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Industrial radiography is known to be one of the most vulnerable lines of work among the range of different radiation work. According to the relevant law in Korea, every worker registered in this work should check their blood cell counts every year in addition to their thermoluminescent dosimeter (TLD) doses. Since the law was enacted, however, few follow-up studies have been carried out based on the obtained results. OBJECTIVES To ascertain the clinical usefulness of complete blood cell count (CBC) results and suggest a proper protocol of health protection for radiation workers. METHODS After reviewing all the consecutive results of CBC and TLD doses from radiation workers registered nationwide, we selected two groups of high-risk radiation workers, CBC-high risk (CBC-HR) and TLD-high risk (TLD-HR) groups. A control group of unexposed healthy adults was also included. We compared the absorbed doses calculated by cytogenetic biodosimetry among those three groups, and examined possible confounding factors for each group. RESULTS Both groups of high-risk radiation workers, CBC-HR and TLD-HR, showed higher chromosome aberrations than the control group. In the control group, previous medical history of a CT scan increased the frequency of chromosome aberrations. In contrast, the frequency of chromosome aberrations in the high-risk radiation workers was affected not by the previous CT history but only by the duration of their work. CONCLUSIONS We ascertain that reviewing consecutive results of blood cell counts and cytogenetic biodosimetry are useful complementary tools to TLD doses for health protection regulation. Several confounding factors including work duration and previous medical history need to be considered for the interpretation of biodosimetry results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seongjae Jang
- Department of Dose Assessment, National Radiation Emergency Medical Center, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jin Kyung Lee
- Department of Dose Assessment, National Radiation Emergency Medical Center, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Minsu Cho
- Department of Dose Assessment, National Radiation Emergency Medical Center, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Su San Yang
- Department of Dose Assessment, National Radiation Emergency Medical Center, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seung Hyun Kim
- Department of Dose Assessment, National Radiation Emergency Medical Center, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Wan Tae Kim
- Division of Radiation Regulation, Korea Institute of Nuclear Safety, Daejeon, South Korea
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Michel R, Daraoui A, Gorny M, Jakob D, Sachse R, Romantschuk LD, Alfimov V, Synal HA. Retrospective dosimetry of Iodine-131 exposures using Iodine-129 and Caesium-137 inventories in soils--A critical evaluation of the consequences of the Chernobyl accident in parts of Northern Ukraine. J Environ Radioact 2015; 150:20-35. [PMID: 26254721 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2015.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2015] [Revised: 07/20/2015] [Accepted: 07/22/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The radiation exposure of thyroid glands due to (131)I as a consequence of the Chernobyl accident was investigated retrospectively based on (129)I and (137)Cs inventories in soils in Northern Ukraine. To this end, soil samples from 60 settlements were investigated for (129)I, (127)I, and (137)Cs by AMS, ICP-MS and gamma-spectrometry, respectively. Sampling was performed between 2004 und 2007. In those parts of Northern Ukraine investigated here the (129)I and (137)Cs inventories are well correlated, the variability of the individual (129)I/(137)Cs ratios being, however, high. Both the (129)I and (137)Cs inventories in the individual 5 samples for each settlement allowed estimating the uncertainties of the inventories due to the variability of the radionuclide deposition and consequently of the retrospective dosimetry. Thyroid equivalent doses were calculated from the (129)I and the (137)Cs inventories using aggregated dose coefficients for 5-year old and 10-year-old children as well as for adults. The highest thyroid equivalent doses (calculated from (129)I inventories) were calculated for Wladimirowka with 30 Gy for 5-years-old children and 7 Gy for adults. In 35 settlements of contamination zone II the geometric mean of the thyroid equivalent doses was 2.0 Gy for 5-years-old children with a geometric standard deviation (GSD) of 3.0. For adults the geometric mean was 0.47 Gy also with a GSD of 3.0. In more than 25 settlements of contamination zone III the geometric means were 0.82 Gy for 5-years old children with a GSD of 1.8 and 0.21 Gy for adults (GSD 1.8). For 45 settlements, the results of the retrospective dosimetry could be compared with thyroid equivalent doses calculated using time-integrated (131)I activities of thyroids which were measured in 1986. Thus, a critical evaluation of the results was possible which demonstrated the general feasibility of the method, but also the associated uncertainties and limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Michel
- Institut für Radiooekologie und Strahlenschutz (IRS), Leibniz Universität Hannover, Herrenhaeuser Str. 2, D-30419 Hannover, Germany.
| | - A Daraoui
- Institut für Radiooekologie und Strahlenschutz (IRS), Leibniz Universität Hannover, Herrenhaeuser Str. 2, D-30419 Hannover, Germany
| | - M Gorny
- Institut für Radiooekologie und Strahlenschutz (IRS), Leibniz Universität Hannover, Herrenhaeuser Str. 2, D-30419 Hannover, Germany
| | - D Jakob
- Institut für Radiooekologie und Strahlenschutz (IRS), Leibniz Universität Hannover, Herrenhaeuser Str. 2, D-30419 Hannover, Germany
| | - R Sachse
- Institut für Radiooekologie und Strahlenschutz (IRS), Leibniz Universität Hannover, Herrenhaeuser Str. 2, D-30419 Hannover, Germany
| | - L D Romantschuk
- State University of Agriculture and Ecology, Stari Bulvar 7, Zhitomir 262 001, Ukraine
| | - V Alfimov
- Laboratory of Ion Beam Physics, ETH-Zurich, Otto-Stern-Weg 5, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - H-A Synal
- Laboratory of Ion Beam Physics, ETH-Zurich, Otto-Stern-Weg 5, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
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