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Kiyoi T. Histological Analyses of Arthritic Joints in Collagen-Induced Arthritis Model Mice. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2766:43-53. [PMID: 38270866 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3682-4_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Histological analysis is a morphological technique and an effective method for understanding the pathology of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). RA is an inflammatory disease characterized by increased synovial tissue and osteoclasts, angiogenesis, infiltration of inflammatory cells, and pannus formation. These pathologies can be observed in a collagen-induced arthritis model mouse using formaldehyde-fixated paraffin-embedded (FFPE) samples. For the preparation of FFPE samples, the conditions of the fixation and decalcification process significantly affect tissue staining results. Since the lesion sites include bone tissue, a decalcification process is necessary when preparing an FFPE sample. Therefore, selecting an optimal condition for the fixating and decalcifying solution is important. In this chapter, we describe the procedures of preparing paraffin samples, including fixation, decalcification, embedding, and sectioning from the RA model mouse, as well as different staining methods (hematoxylin and eosin, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase).
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Kiyoi
- Division of Analytical Bio-medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Kanazawa Medical University, Kahoku, Japan.
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2
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Thomas DJ, Rainbow J, Bartley LE. The rapid-tome, a 3D-printed microtome, and an updated hand- sectioning method for high-quality plant sectioning. Plant Methods 2023; 19:12. [PMID: 36739429 PMCID: PMC9898918 DOI: 10.1186/s13007-023-00986-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microscopic analysis of plant anatomy is a common procedure in biology to study structure and function that requires high-quality sections for accurate measurements. Hand sectioning of specimens is typically limited to moderately soft tissue while harder samples prohibit sectioning by hand and/or result in inconsistent thicknesses. RESULTS Here we present both a clearly described hand-sectioning method and a novel microtome design that together provide the means to section a variety of plant sample types. The described hand-sectioning method for herbaceous stems works well for softer subjects but is less suitable for samples with secondary growth (e.g., wood production). Instead, the "Rapid-Tome" is a novel tool for sectioning both soft and tougher high-aspect-ratio samples, such as stems and roots, with excellent sample control. The Rapid-Tome can be 3D-printed in approximately 18 h on a mid-quality printer common at university maker spaces. After printing and trimming, Rapid-Tome assembly takes a few minutes with five metal parts common at hardware stores. Users sectioned a variety of plant samples including the hollow internodes of switchgrass (Panicum virgatum), fibrous switchgrass roots containing aerenchyma, and woody branches of eastern red cedar (Juniperus virginiana) and American sycamore (Platanus occidentalis). A comparative analyses with Rapid-Tome-produced sections readily revealed a significant difference in seasonal growth of sycamore xylem vessel area in spring (49%) vs. summer (23%). Additionally, high school students with no prior experience produced sections with the Rapid-Tome adequate for comparative analyses of various plant samples in less than an hour. CONCLUSIONS The described hand-sectioning method is suitable for softer tissues, including hollow-stemmed grasses and similar samples. In addition, the Rapid-Tome provides capacity to safely produce high-quality sections of tougher plant materials at a fraction of the cost of traditional microtomes combined with excellent sample control. The Rapid-Tome features rapid sectioning, sample advancement, blade changes, and sample changes; it is highly portable and can be used easily with minimal training making production of thin sections accessible for classroom and outreach use, in addition to research.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Thomas
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Biology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, 73019, USA
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164, USA
| | - Jordan Rainbow
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164, USA
| | - Laura E Bartley
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164, USA.
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Avci U, Nakashima J. A Flat Embedding Method to Orient Gravistimulated Root Samples for Sectioning. Methods Mol Biol 2021; 2368:153-163. [PMID: 34647255 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1677-2_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Microscopy is an important tool used for biological research and has played a crucial role toward understanding of cellular mechanisms and protein function. However, specific steps in processing of biological samples for microscopy warrant improvements to consistently generate data that can more reliably help in explaining mechanisms underlying complex biological phenomenon. Due to their small and fragile nature, some biological specimens such as Arabidopsis thaliana roots are vulnerable to damage during long sample preparation steps. Moreover, when specimens with a small diameter (typically less than 100 μm) are embedded in conventional silicone mold or capsule embedding, it is not only difficult to locate their orientation inside the capsule, but also a challenge to obtain good median longitudinal sections. Specimen orientation in particular is crucial because understanding certain plant biological processes such as gravitropism rely on precisely knowing spatial information of cells and tissues of the plant organ being studied. Here, we present a simple embedding technique to properly orient small plant organs such as roots so that the desired sectioning plane is achieved. This method is inexpensive and can be accomplished with minimal equipment and supplies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Utku Avci
- Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
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Busch R, Tielemann C, Reinsch S, Müller R, Patzig C, Krause M, Höche T. Sample preparation for analytical scanning electron microscopy using initial notch sectioning. Micron 2021; 150:103090. [PMID: 34385109 DOI: 10.1016/j.micron.2021.103090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A novel method for broad ion beam based sample sectioning using the concept of initial notches is presented. An adapted sample geometry is utilized in order to create terraces with a well-define d step in erosion depth from the surface. The method consists of milling a notch into the surface, followed by glancing-angle ion beam erosion, which leads to preferential erosion at the notch due to increased local surface elevation. The process of terrace formation can be utilized in sample preparation for analytical scanning electron microscopy in order to get efficient access to the depth-dependent microstructure of a material. It is demonstrated that the method can be applied to both conducting and non-conducting specimens. Furthermore, experimental parameters influencing the preparation success are determined. Finally, as a proof-of-concept, an electron backscatter diffraction study on a surface crystallized diopside glass ceramic is performed, where the method is used to analyze orientation dependent crystal growth phenomena occurring during growth of surface crystals into the bulk.
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Abstract
Preparation of mineralized tissue specimens for bone-specific staining encompasses a critical sequence of histological techniques that provides visualization of tissue and cellular morphology. Bone specimens are fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin (NBF), dehydrated in graded ethanol (EtOH) solutions (and optionally cleared in xylene), infiltrated and embedded in polymethyl methacrylate (methyl methacrylate or MMA), classically sliced into 4-10 micrometer (μm) sections, and stained with bone-specific histological stains such as von Kossa (with either nuclear fast red solution counterstain or MacNeal's tetrachrome counterstain), modified Goldner's trichrome, Alizarin Red S, Safranin O, and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) stain. Here, we describe the tissue processing of mineralized mouse bones from dissection to staining for histological analysis by light microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas B Bemenderfer
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Jonathan S Harris
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Keith W Condon
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Jiliang Li
- Department of Biology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Melissa A Kacena
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA. .,Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA. .,Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
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Abstract
Cartilage and bone are specialized skeletal tissues composed of unique extracellular matrices. Bone, in particular, has a highly calcified or mineralized matrix that makes microtomy and standard histological studies very challenging. Therefore, methods to appropriately fix and decalcify mineralized skeletal tissues have been developed to allow for paraffin processing and standard microtomy. In this chapter, we will illustrate methods for tissue grossing, fixation, decalcification, paraffin processing, embedding, sectioning, and routine histological staining of demineralized murine skeletal tissues. We will also discuss methods for decalcified frozen sectioning of skeletal tissues with and without the use of a tape-transfer system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony J Mirando
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Duke Cellular, Developmental, and Genome Laboratories, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Matthew J Hilton
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Cell Biology, Developmental, and Genome Laboratories, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, USA.
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Gayoso J, Garrosa M, Gayoso S, Rodríguez-Arias CA, Martin-Ferrero MÁ, Gayoso MJ. Three- sectioning method: A procedure for studying hard tissues and large pieces under light and electron microscopy. Micron 2020; 132:102841. [PMID: 32062296 DOI: 10.1016/j.micron.2020.102841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The histological study of hard pieces such as tendons and calcified lesions and tissues is a field that has been gaining increased attention owing to the rapid development of implantable prostheses, among other factors. In these studies, serial sectioning is utilized to detect areas of interest throughout the entire piece, as it enables the application of the appropriate light and electron microscopy techniques in these areas. We propose the "three-sectioning method" that subjects the pieces to three consecutive cycles of embedding and sectioning to localize and study the areas of interest, as an efficient technique for these histological studies. The pieces were first embedded in epoxy resin and then cut into thick sections (approximately 300 μm) for the first cycle. Next, areas of interest selected on these thick sections were re-embedded in epoxy resin to be sectioned again (second sectioning) to obtain a series of semithin sections (1-3 μm). These semithin sections are usually studied using the most relevant techniques for light microscopy. Smaller areas of interest are selected to be cut into ultrathin sections (60-90 nm) for transmission electron microscopy. If necessary, the selected areas of the semithin sections can be embedded again, and then cut into new ultrathin sections. The different kinds of sections we have described here may also be studied using scanning electron microscopy. This systematic method facilitates correlative microscopy from lower to higher magnifications along with the usage of a broad variety of histological techniques including electron microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Gayoso
- Department of Cell Biology, Histology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine and INCyL, University of Valladolid, Spain
| | - Manuel Garrosa
- Department of Cell Biology, Histology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine and INCyL, University of Valladolid, Spain
| | - Sara Gayoso
- Department of Cell Biology, Histology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine and INCyL, University of Valladolid, Spain
| | | | | | - Manuel José Gayoso
- Department of Cell Biology, Histology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine and INCyL, University of Valladolid, Spain.
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Foissner I, Hoeftberger M. Chemical Fixation, Immunofluorescence, and Immunogold Labeling of Electron Microscopical Sections. Methods Mol Biol 2019; 1992:43-62. [PMID: 31148030 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-9469-4_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
Abstract
Knowledge about the spatiotemporal distribution patterns of proteins and other molecules of the cell is essential for understanding their function. A widely used technique is immunolabeling which uses specific antibodies to reveal the distribution of molecular components at various structural levels. Immunofluorescence gives an overview about the distribution of molecules at the level of the fluorescence or confocal laser scanning microscope. Electron microscopy offers the highest resolution of morphological techniques and is thus an indispensable tool for the analysis of molecule distribution patterns at the subcellular level. In this chapter we describe selected routine methods for immunofluorescence and for labeling ultrathin sections of resin-embedded material with antibodies conjugated to colloidal gold, including protocols for chemical fixation, embedding, and sectioning.
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Abstract
Amphibian embryos have long served as an ideal model for teratogenicity testing. While whole-mount embryo observations can be utilized, histological observation of teratogenic phenotypes provides a wealth of additional information that can lead to mechanistic insights. In this chapter, detailed protocols for two methods of sectioning embryos as well as a guide for histological analysis is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark E Pownall
- Department of Biology, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA, USA
| | - Margaret S Saha
- Department of Biology, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA, USA.
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Abstract
In order to successfully analyze and describe any plant tissue, the first challenge is preparation of good anatomical slides. The challenge is even greater when the target tissue has heterogeneous characteristics, such as the phloem where soft and stiff tissues occur side by side. The goal of this chapter is to present a detailed protocol containing various techniques for optimal preparation of phloem tissue samples for light microscopic analysis. The process typically involves the steps of fixation, softening, embedding, sectioning, staining, and mounting. The protocol can be applied to make samples of phloem and surrounding tissues of stems and roots, from woody to herbaceous plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo Rodrigo Pace
- Departamento de Botánica, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico. .,Department of Botany, Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, Washington, DC, USA.
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Copper JE, Budgeon LR, Foutz CA, van Rossum DB, Vanselow DJ, Hubley MJ, Clark DP, Mandrell DT, Cheng KC. Comparative analysis of fixation and embedding techniques for optimized histological preparation of zebrafish. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2018; 208:38-46. [PMID: 29157956 PMCID: PMC5936644 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2017.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Revised: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
In recognition of the importance of zebrafish as a model organism for studying human disease, we have created zebrafish content for a web-based reference atlas of microanatomy for comparing histology and histopathology between model systems and with humans (http://bio-atlas.psu.edu). Fixation, decalcification, embedding, and sectioning of zebrafish were optimized to maximize section quality. A comparison of protocols involving six fixatives showed that 10% Neutral Buffered Formalin at 21°C for 24h yielded excellent results. Sectioning of juveniles and adults requires bone decalcification; EDTA at 0.35M produced effective decalcification in 21-day-old juveniles through adults (≥~3Months). To improve section plane consistency in sets of larvae, we have developed new array casting molds based on the outside contours of larvae derived from 3D microCT images. Tissue discontinuity in sections, a common barrier to creating quality sections of zebrafish, was minimized by processing and embedding the formalin-fixed zebrafish tissues in plasticized forms of paraffin wax, and by periodic hydration of the block surface in ice water between sets of sections. Optimal H&E (Hematoxylin and Eosin) staining was achieved through refinement of standard protocols. High quality slide scans produced from glass histology slides were digitally processed to maximize image quality, and experimental replicates posted as full slides as part of this publication. Modifications to tissue processing are still needed to eliminate the need for block surface hydration. The further addition of slide collections from other model systems and 3D tools for visualizing tissue architecture would greatly increase the utility of the digital atlas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean E Copper
- Jake Gittlen Cancer Research Laboratories, Department of Pathology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Lynn R Budgeon
- Jake Gittlen Cancer Research Laboratories, Department of Pathology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Christina A Foutz
- Jake Gittlen Cancer Research Laboratories, Department of Pathology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Damian B van Rossum
- Jake Gittlen Cancer Research Laboratories, Department of Pathology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Daniel J Vanselow
- Jake Gittlen Cancer Research Laboratories, Department of Pathology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Margaret J Hubley
- Jake Gittlen Cancer Research Laboratories, Department of Pathology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Darin P Clark
- Jake Gittlen Cancer Research Laboratories, Department of Pathology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | | | - Keith C Cheng
- Jake Gittlen Cancer Research Laboratories, Department of Pathology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA.
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Abstract
Histological analysis is a morphological technique and an effective method for understanding the pathology of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Here, we describe the processes of paraffin samples, including fixation, decalcifying, embedding, sectioning, and staining (hematoxylin and eosin, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase, and immunohistochemistry) for an RA model mouse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Kiyoi
- Division of Analytical Bio-Medicine, Advanced Research Support Center, Ehime University, Toon, Ehime, Japan.
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Abstract
Histological procedures aim at providing good-quality sections that can be used for a light microscopic evaluation of tissue. These are applicable to identify either spontaneous or diseases-induced changes. Routinely, tissues are fixed with neutral formalin 10%, embedded in paraffin, and manually sectioned with a microtome to obtain 4-5 μm thick paraffin sections. Dewaxed sections are then stained with HE&S (hematoxylin-eosin and saffron) or can be used for other purposes (special stains, immunohistochemistry, in situ hybridization, etc.). During this processing, many steps and procedures are critical to ensure standard and interpretable sections. This chapter provides key recommendations to efficiently achieve this objective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Slaoui
- Preclinical Safety, Sanofi R&D, 13, Quai Jules Guesde, BP14, 94403, Vitrysur-Seine, France.
| | - Anne-Laure Bauchet
- Translational Medicine and Early Development, Biomarkers and Clinical Bioanalysis, Sanofi R&D, Vitry-sur-Seine, France
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McClelland KS, Ng ET, Bowles J. Agarose/gelatin immobilisation of tissues or embryo segments for orientated paraffin embedding and sectioning. Differentiation 2016; 91:68-71. [PMID: 26742717 DOI: 10.1016/j.diff.2015.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2015] [Accepted: 12/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The technique described in this protocol allows the user to position small tissues in the optimal orientation for paraffin embedding and sectioning by first immobilising the tissue in an agarose/gelatin cube. This method is an adaptation of methods used for early embryos and can be used for any small tissues or embryo segments. Processing of larger tissue sections using molds to create agarose/gelatin blocks has been described previously; this detailed protocol provides a method for dealing with much smaller tissues or embryos (≤5mm). The tissue is briefly fixed then an agarose/gelatin drop is created to surround the tissue. The tissue can be orientated as per the user's preference in the drop before it sets as is carved into a cube with a domed top. The cube is then dehydrated and goes through the embedding and sectioning process. The domed cube is easy to orientate when embedding the tissue in a wax block giving the user assured orientation of the small tissue for sectioning. Additionally, the agarose/gelatin cube is easy to see in the unmolded wax once embedded, making the region of interest easy to identify.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn S McClelland
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Ee Ting Ng
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Josephine Bowles
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane QLD 4072, Australia.
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Abstract
In situ hybridization is a powerful technique used for locating specific nucleic acid targets within morphologically preserved tissues and cell preparations. A labeled RNA or DNA probe hybridizes to its complementary mRNA or DNA sequence within a sample. Here, we describe RNA in situ hybridization protocol for whole-mount zebrafish embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Canan Doganli
- Smith Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94158-9001, USA
| | - Jens Randel Nyengaard
- Stereology and Electron Microscopy Laboratory, Centre for Stochastic Geometry and Advanced Bioimaging, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Karin Lykke-Hartmann
- Department of Biomedicine and Centre for Membrane Pumps in Cells and Disease - PUMPKIN, Danish National Research Foundation, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark.
- Aarhus Institute of Advanced Studies (AIAS), Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark.
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Abstract
During the past two decades the use of live cytoskeletal probes has increased dramatically due to the introduction of the green fluorescent protein. However, to make full use of these live cell reporters it is necessary to implement simple methods to maintain plant specimens in optimal growing conditions during imaging. To image the cytoskeleton in living Arabidopsis roots, we rely on a system involving coverslips coated with nutrient supplemented agar where the seeds are directly germinated. This coverslip system can be conveniently transferred to the stage of a confocal microscope with minimal disturbance to the growth of the seedling. For roots with a larger diameter such as Medicago truncatula, seeds are first germinated in moist paper, grown vertically in between plastic trays, and roots mounted on glass slides for confocal imaging. Parallel with our live cell imaging approaches, we routinely process fixed plant material via indirect immunofluorescence. For these methods we typically use non-embedded vibratome-sectioned and whole mount permeabilized root tissue. The clearly defined developmental regions of the root provide us with an elegant system to further understand the cytoskeletal basis of plant development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Dyachok
- McDermott Center for Human Growth & Development, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Ana Paez-Garcia
- Plant Biology Division, The Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, Inc., 2510 Sam Noble Parkway, Ardmore, OK, 73401, USA
| | - Cheol-Min Yoo
- Plant Biology Division, The Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, Inc., 2510 Sam Noble Parkway, Ardmore, OK, 73401, USA
| | | | - Elison B Blancaflor
- Plant Biology Division, The Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, Inc., 2510 Sam Noble Parkway, Ardmore, OK, 73401, USA.
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Mathew SM, Thomas AM, Koshy G, Dua K. Evaluation of the Microleakage of Chlorhexidine-Modified Glass Ionomer Cement: An in vivo Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2013; 6:7-11. [PMID: 25206179 PMCID: PMC4034633 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2012] [Accepted: 03/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Recent advances including the incorporation of antibacterial substances, such as chlorhexidine, into restorative materials such as glass ionoer cement (GIC), might alter the physical properties of the material, which might affect the marginal seal of the restorations. Hence, the objective of this study was to compare the marginal sealing ability of GC Fuji IX modified with 1% chlorhexidine diacetate and conventional GC Fuji IX. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sixty healthy molars were selected from the oral cavities of 30 children. The teeth were divided into two groups: Group I, teeth restored with 1% chlorhexidine diacetate modified GC Fuji IX and group II, teeth restored with GC Fuji IX. The restored teeth were extracted following 4 weeks and immersed in 2% basic fuchsin solution for 24 hours. They were then sectioned and scored under a light microscope of 10 × 10 magnification for dye penetration. RESULTS On statistical analysis difference between Chlorhexidine-Modified GIC group and GIC group with regard to grade of microleakage was found to be statistically nonsignificant (p = 0.543). CONCLUSION Since, addition of 1% chlorhexidine diacetate to GC Fuji IX showed comparable results with regard to microleakage, it can be considered a valuable alternative especially in atraumatic restorative treatment and for general clinical utility in restorative dentistry. How to cite this article: Mathew SM, Thomas AM, Koshy G, Dua K. Evaluation of the Microleakage of Chlorhexidine-Modified Glass Ionomer Cement: An in vivo Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2013;6(1):7-11.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherryl Mary Mathew
- Senior Lecturer, Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry Royal Dental College, Iron Hills, Chalissery, Palakkad-679536 Kerala, India
| | - Abi Mathew Thomas
- Principal, Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Christian Dental College, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - George Koshy
- Professor and Head, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology Christian Dental College, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Kapil Dua
- Associate Professor, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Christian Dental College, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
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