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Andreone A, Kozono ML, Schenk M, Guerrero S. A multidimensional evaluation of the effects of sweetener selection and UV-C treatment on orange juice and pectin-based confectionery gels. J Sci Food Agric 2024; 104:3013-3026. [PMID: 38053417 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Consumers are seeking healthier alternatives to traditional confectioneries. They value the use of sugar replacers, more natural ingredients and/or environmentally friendly preservation technologies. UV-C light is considered an emerging alternative to thermal pasteurization that leaves no residue and requires minimal energy. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of novel sweetener combinations and juice UV-C assisted by mild heat treatment (UV-C/H) on the physicochemical, microbiological, morphological, rheological and sensory properties of orange juice pectin-based confectioneries stored at 5 ± 1 °C for 35 days. RESULTS For orange juice processing, UV-C/H (pilot-scale Dean-flow reactor; 892 mJ cm-2 ; 50 ± 1 °C) and thermal (T-coil, 80 °C; 6 min) treatments were used. Low-calorie confectionery gels were elaborated using the treated juices, low-methoxyl pectin and various sweetener combinations. UV-C/H and T-coil effectively inactivated juice native microbiota. The proposed formulations, derived from a previous Box-Behnken optimization study, included partial (F1: 3%-sucrose-S + 0.019%-rebaudioside-A-RA) or complete sucrose replacement (F2: 5.5%-erythritol-E + 0.019%-RA), and one control (C:10%-S). In general, the microbiota of the gels prepared with the UV-C/H or T-coil treated juices did not recover during storage. The physicochemical and mechanical parameters of the formulations were significantly influenced by the choice of sweetener and the duration of storage. The gel surface got smoother and had fewer holes when the sucrose level dropped, according to a scanning electron microscopy study. The UV-C/H-treated samples did not differ in acceptability, whereas the measured sensory attributes approached ideal levels. F1 and F2 showed distinctive temporal-dominance-of-sensations profiles, mainly dominated by sweetness and orange taste, respectively. However, consumers perceived sourness and astringency in C during consumption. CONCLUSION The present study provides significant evidence in support of the development of confectionery gels F1 and F2 made from fruit juice treated by UV-C light assisted by mild heat and combinations of sucrose-alternative sweeteners. In terms of the properties investigated, these confectionery gels were comparable to, or even outperformed the full-sucrose option. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Andreone
- Departamento de Industrias, FCEyN-UBA, Avenida Intendente Güiraldes 2160 (C1428EGA) Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Tecnología de Alimentos y Procesos Químicos (ITAPROQ), CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Luz Kozono
- Departamento de Industrias, FCEyN-UBA, Avenida Intendente Güiraldes 2160 (C1428EGA) Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Tecnología de Alimentos y Procesos Químicos (ITAPROQ), CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marcela Schenk
- Departamento de Industrias, FCEyN-UBA, Avenida Intendente Güiraldes 2160 (C1428EGA) Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Tecnología de Alimentos y Procesos Químicos (ITAPROQ), CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Sandra Guerrero
- Departamento de Industrias, FCEyN-UBA, Avenida Intendente Güiraldes 2160 (C1428EGA) Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Tecnología de Alimentos y Procesos Químicos (ITAPROQ), CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Ragan I, Perez J, Davenport W, Hartson L, Doyle B. UV-C Light Intervention as a Barrier against Airborne Transmission of SARS-CoV-2. Viruses 2024; 16:89. [PMID: 38257789 PMCID: PMC10820972 DOI: 10.3390/v16010089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND SARS-CoV-2 continues to impact human health globally, with airborne transmission being a significant mode of transmission. In addition to tools like vaccination and testing, countermeasures that reduce viral spread in indoor settings are critical. This study aims to assess the efficacy of UV-C light, utilizing the Violett sterilization device, as a countermeasure against airborne transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in the highly susceptible Golden Syrian hamster model. METHODS Two cohorts of naïve hamsters were subjected to airborne transmission from experimentally infected hamsters; one cohort was exposed to air treated with UV-C sterilization, while the other cohort was exposed to untreated air. RESULTS Treatment of air with UV-C light prevented the airborne transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from the experimentally exposed hamster to naïve hamsters. Notably, this protection was sustained over a multi-day exposure period during peak viral shedding by hamsters. CONCLUSIONS These findings demonstrate the efficacy of the UV-C light to mitigate against airborne SARS-CoV-2 transmission. As variants continue to emerge, UV-C light holds promise as a tool for reducing infections in diverse indoor settings, ranging from healthcare facilities to households. This study reinforces the urgency of implementing innovative methods to reduce airborne disease transmission and safeguard public health against emerging biological threats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Ragan
- Department of Biomedical Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80521, USA
| | | | | | - Lindsay Hartson
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80521, USA
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Bazaraa WA, Eissa HA, Helmy SA, Ramadan MT, Aboelhaggag RM. Effect of ultra violet (UV-C) and cold storage on orange juice quality. FOOD SCI TECHNOL INT 2023; 29:757-764. [PMID: 35929082 DOI: 10.1177/10820132221117750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The effect of the UV-C treatment on the physico-chemical characteristics, pectin methylesterase activity (PME) as well as microbial quality of orange juice, compared to fresh juice, was studied. The juice samples were UV-C (254 nm) irradiated for different exposure times (15, 30, 45 and 60 min) and stored at 4 ± 1 °C for 30 days. UV-C treatment didn't significantly (p ≤ 0.05) affect pH values, titratable acidity, TSS (%), ascorbic acid content and PME activity in both fresh and stored samples. Increasing the exposure time from 5 to 60 min. showed no significant effect (p ≤ 0.05) on L* and a* values for both the fresh and the stored samples. On the contrary, negative relationship was observed between UV-C exposure time and b* values. Total bacterial counts were significantly (p ≤ 0.05) reduced from 2.69 to 0.93 log10 CFU/mL when the exposure time was increased from 0 to 60 min. The UV-C treatment showed similar trend on yeast and mold counts but to a lesser extend due to their resistance to UV. The sensory characteristics, i.e. odour, colour, taste, consistency and overall acceptability didn't change (p ≤ 0.05) as a result of UV-C treatment at any tested exposure times.
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Affiliation(s)
- W A Bazaraa
- Food Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - H A Eissa
- Food Technology Department, Food Industries and Nutrition Institute, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - S A Helmy
- Food Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - M T Ramadan
- Food Technology Department, Food Industries and Nutrition Institute, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - R M Aboelhaggag
- Food Technology Department, Food Industries and Nutrition Institute, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
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Urgu-Ozturk M. Possibilities of using the continuous type of UV light on the surface of lor (whey) cheese: impacts on mould growth, oxidative stability, sensory and colour attributes during storage. J DAIRY RES 2022; 89:1-7. [PMID: 35983807 DOI: 10.1017/s0022029922000590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
This research paper addresses the hypothesis that the optimum doses of a continuous type of ultraviolet (UV) light applied to the surface of lor (whey) cheese needs to be identified to maximize mould inactivation and shelf life while minimizing quality deterioration. Therefore, the mould inactivation, protein and lipid oxidation products, sensory and colour attributes of lor cheese subjected to different doses of UV light (1.617, 4.018, and 36.832 kJ/m2) in a continuous type of UV system were evaluated. UV treated samples presented mould counts lower than those of untreated ones. UV treatment at more than 4.018 kJ/m2 allowed around 0.7-2.7 log reductions on mould growth during storage. The increase in UV light dose caused significant increases in primary and secondary lipid oxidation products. In particular, the highest doses applied to the surface of cheese samples had the highest values of protein carbonyls, as well as lipid oxidation products. Strong positive correlations were recorded between lipid and protein oxidation markers. Exposure to the highest doses of UV light increased foreign flavour perception, probably due to the oxidative reactions. The results indicated that the application of UV light to the lor cheese surface allowed delaying mould growth during storage but extreme doses could induce lipid and protein oxidation reactions, leading to quality deterioration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muge Urgu-Ozturk
- Engineering Faculty, Food Engineering Department, Ege University, 35100 Bornova, Izmir, Turkey
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Sadraeian M, Junior FFP, Miranda M, Galinskas J, Fernandes RS, da Cruz EF, Fu L, Zhang L, Diaz RS, Cabral-Miranda G, Guimarães FEG. Study of Viral Photoinactivation by UV-C Light and Photosensitizer Using a Pseudotyped Model. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14030683. [PMID: 35336059 PMCID: PMC8955308 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14030683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Different light-based strategies have been investigated to inactivate viruses. Herein, we developed an HIV-based pseudotyped model of SARS-CoV-2 (SC2) to study the mechanisms of virus inactivation by using two different strategies; photoinactivation (PI) by UV-C light and photodynamic inactivation (PDI) by Photodithazine photosensitizer (PDZ). We used two pseudoviral particles harboring the Luciferase-IRES-ZsGreen reporter gene with either a SC2 spike on the membrane or without a spike as a naked control pseudovirus. The mechanism of viral inactivation by UV-C and PDZ-based PDI were studied via biochemical characterizations and quantitative PCR on four levels; free-cell viral damage; viral cell entry; DNA integration; and expression of reporter genes. Both UV-C and PDZ treatments could destroy single stranded RNA (ssRNA) and the spike protein of the virus, with different ratios. However, the virus was still capable of binding and entering into the HEK 293T cells expressing angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE-2). A dose-dependent manner of UV-C irradiation mostly damages the ssRNA, while PDZ-based PDI mostly destroys the spike and viral membrane in concentration and dose-dependent manners. We observed that the cells infected by the virus and treated with either UV-C or PDZ-based PDI could not express the luciferase reporter gene, signifying the viral inactivation, despite the presence of RNA and DNA intact genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Sadraeian
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, Caixa Postal 369, São Carlos 13560-970, SP, Brazil; (F.F.P.J.); (M.M.); (R.S.F.)
- Institute for Biomedical Materials and Devices (IBMD), Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia; (L.F.); (L.Z.)
- Correspondence: (M.S.); (F.E.G.G.); Tel.: +55-(16)-33739792 (F.E.G.G.)
| | - Fabio Francisco Pinto Junior
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, Caixa Postal 369, São Carlos 13560-970, SP, Brazil; (F.F.P.J.); (M.M.); (R.S.F.)
| | - Marcela Miranda
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, Caixa Postal 369, São Carlos 13560-970, SP, Brazil; (F.F.P.J.); (M.M.); (R.S.F.)
| | - Juliana Galinskas
- Laboratório de Retrovirologia, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo 04039-032, SP, Brazil; (J.G.); (E.F.d.C.); (R.S.D.)
| | - Rafaela Sachetto Fernandes
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, Caixa Postal 369, São Carlos 13560-970, SP, Brazil; (F.F.P.J.); (M.M.); (R.S.F.)
| | - Edgar Ferreira da Cruz
- Laboratório de Retrovirologia, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo 04039-032, SP, Brazil; (J.G.); (E.F.d.C.); (R.S.D.)
| | - Libing Fu
- Institute for Biomedical Materials and Devices (IBMD), Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia; (L.F.); (L.Z.)
| | - Le Zhang
- Institute for Biomedical Materials and Devices (IBMD), Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia; (L.F.); (L.Z.)
| | - Ricardo Sobhie Diaz
- Laboratório de Retrovirologia, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo 04039-032, SP, Brazil; (J.G.); (E.F.d.C.); (R.S.D.)
| | - Gustavo Cabral-Miranda
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo (ICB/USP), São Paulo 05508-000, SP, Brazil;
- Institute of Research and Education in Child Health (PENSI), São Paulo 01228-200, SP, Brazil
| | - Francisco Eduardo Gontijo Guimarães
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, Caixa Postal 369, São Carlos 13560-970, SP, Brazil; (F.F.P.J.); (M.M.); (R.S.F.)
- Correspondence: (M.S.); (F.E.G.G.); Tel.: +55-(16)-33739792 (F.E.G.G.)
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Rock C, Hsu YJ, Curless MS, Carroll KC, Howard TR, Carson KA, Cummings S, Anderson M, Milstone AM, Maragakis LL. Ultraviolet-C Light Evaluation as Adjunct Disinfection to Remove Multi-Drug Resistant Organisms. Clin Infect Dis 2021; 75:35-40. [PMID: 34636853 PMCID: PMC9402681 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciab896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Our objective was to determine if the addition of ultraviolet-C (UV-C) light to daily and discharge patient room cleaning reduces healthcare-associated infection rates of vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) and Clostridioides difficile in immunocompromised adults. Methods We performed a cluster randomized crossover control trial in 4 cancer and 1 solid organ transplant in-patient units at the Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland. For study year 1, each unit was randomized to intervention of UV-C light plus standard environmental cleaning or control of standard environmental cleaning, followed by a 5-week washout period. In study year 2, units switched assignments. The outcomes were healthcare-associated rates of VRE or C. difficile. Statistical inference used a two-stage approach recommended for cluster-randomized trials with <15 clusters/arm. Results In total, 302 new VRE infections were observed during 45787 at risk patient-days. The incidence in control and intervention groups was 6.68 and 6.52 per 1000 patient-days respectively; the unadjusted incidence rate ratio (IRR) was 0.98 (95% confidence interval [CI], .78 − 1.22; P = .54). There were 84 new C. difficile infections observed during 26118 at risk patient-days. The incidence in control and intervention periods was 2.64 and 3.78 per 1000 patient-days respectively; the unadjusted IRR was 1.43 (95% CI, .93 − 2.21; P = .98). Conclusions When used daily and at post discharge in addition to standard environmental cleaning, UV-C disinfection did not reduce VRE or C. difficile infection rates in cancer and solid organ transplant units.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clare Rock
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States.,Department of Hospital Epidemiology and Infection Control, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Yea-Jen Hsu
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg of School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Melanie S Curless
- Department of Hospital Epidemiology and Infection Control, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Karen C Carroll
- Department of Pathology, Division of Medical Microbiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Tracy Ross Howard
- Department of Pathology, Division of Medical Microbiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Kathryn A Carson
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States.,Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Stephanie Cummings
- Department of Hospital Epidemiology and Infection Control, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Michael Anderson
- Department of Hospital Epidemiology and Infection Control, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Aaron M Milstone
- Department of Hospital Epidemiology and Infection Control, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland, United States.,Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Lisa L Maragakis
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States.,Department of Hospital Epidemiology and Infection Control, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
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Ledermann L, Daouda S, Gouttesoulard C, Aarrouf J, Urban L. Flashes of UV-C Light Stimulate Defenses of Vitis vinifera L. 'Chardonnay' Against Erysiphe necator in Greenhouse and Vineyard Conditions. Plant Dis 2021; 105:2106-2113. [PMID: 33393363 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-10-20-2229-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Using detached leaves, UV-C light in the form of 1-s flashes has recently been shown to stimulate defenses of several plants against different pathogens better than 1-min exposures under greenhouse conditions. In the present work, the pathological tests were conducted using undetached leaves under greenhouse and vineyard conditions. In a first trial, two flashes of UV-C light were applied to plants of Vitis vinifera L. 'Chardonnay' grown under greenhouse conditions, at an interval of 10 days. Plants were inoculated with Erysiphe necator 2 days after the last light treatment. After 18 days of inoculation, the symptom severity on leaves was reduced by 60% when compared with the untreated control. In a second trial, flashes of UV-C light were applied to grapevine Chardonnay plants under field conditions in the southeast of France every 10 days from 18 April until 10 July 2019. The symptom severity resulting from natural contaminations by E. necator was reduced by 42% in leaves on 4 July 2019 and by 65% in clusters on 25 July 2019. In a third trial, we observed that UV-C light did not have any effect on net photosynthesis, maximal net photosynthesis, dark respiration, maximal quantum efficiency of photosystem II, the performance index of Strasser, and, generally, any parameter derived from induction curves of maximal chlorophyll fluorescence. It was concluded that flashes of UV-C light have true potential for stimulating plant defenses against E. necator under vineyard conditions and, therefore, help in reducing fungicide use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loïc Ledermann
- UMR Qualisud, Avignon Université, France
- UV Boosting, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
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Colás-Medà P, Nicolau-Lapeña I, Viñas I, Neggazi I, Alegre I. Bacterial Spore Inactivation in Orange Juice and Orange Peel by Ultraviolet-C Light. Foods 2021; 10:foods10040855. [PMID: 33920777 PMCID: PMC8103511 DOI: 10.3390/foods10040855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 04/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Spore-forming bacteria are a great concern for fruit juice processors as they can resist the thermal pasteurization and the high hydrostatic pressure treatments that fruit juices receive during their processing, thus reducing their microbiological quality and safety. In this context, our objective was to evaluate the efficacy of Ultraviolet-C (UV-C) light at 254 nm on reducing bacterial spores of Alicyclobacillus acidoterrestris, Bacillus coagulans and Bacillus cereus at two stages of orange juice production. To simulate fruit disinfection before processing, the orange peel was artificially inoculated with each of the bacterial spores and submitted to UV-C light (97.8-100.1 W/m2) with treatment times between 3 s and 10 min. The obtained product, the orange juice, was also tested by exposing the artificially inoculated juice to UV-C light (100.9-107.9 W/m2) between 5 and 60 min. A three-minute treatment (18.0 kJ/m2) reduced spore numbers on orange peel around 2 log units, while more than 45 min (278.8 kJ/m2) were needed to achieve the same reduction in orange juice for all evaluated bacterial spores. As raw fruits are the main source of bacterial spores in fruit juices, reducing bacterial spores on fruit peels could help fruit juice processors to enhance the microbiological quality and safety of fruit juices.
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Masotti F, Cattaneo S, Stuknytė M, Pica V, De Noni I. Transmission routes, preventive measures and control strategies of SARS-CoV-2 in the food factory. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 62:4821-4831. [PMID: 33527848 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1879728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 virus represents a health threat in food factories. This infectious virus is transmitted by direct contact and indirectly via airborne route, whereas contamination through inanimate objects/surfaces/equipment is uncertain. To limit the potential spread of the pathogen in the food industry, close working between individuals should be avoided and both personal and respiratory hygiene activities should be enforced. Despite the high infectivity, SARS-CoV-2, being an enveloped virus with a fragile lipid envelop, is sensitive to biocidal products and sanitizers commonly used in the food factory. In the context of the building design, interventions that promote healthy air quality should be adopted, especially in food areas with high-occupancy rates for prolonged times, to help minimize the potential exposure to airborne SARS-CoV-2. Air ventilation and filtration provided by heating, ventilation and air conditioning systems, are effective and easy-to-organize tools to reduce the risk of transmission through the air. In addition to conventional sanitation protocols, aerosolization of hydrogen peroxide, UV-C irradiation or in-situ ozone generation are complementary techniques for an effective virucidal treatment of the air.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Masotti
- Dipartimento di Scienze per gli Alimenti, la Nutrizione e l'Ambiente, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Cattaneo
- Dipartimento di Scienze per gli Alimenti, la Nutrizione e l'Ambiente, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Milda Stuknytė
- Unitech COSPECT - University Technological Platforms Office, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Valentina Pica
- Dipartimento di Scienze per gli Alimenti, la Nutrizione e l'Ambiente, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Ivano De Noni
- Dipartimento di Scienze per gli Alimenti, la Nutrizione e l'Ambiente, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
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Santos TD, de Castro LF. Evaluation of a portable Ultraviolet C (UV-C) device for hospital surface decontamination. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2020; 33:102161. [PMID: 33373741 PMCID: PMC7764389 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2020.102161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Background Surface decontamination of hospital environments is essential to ensure the safety of health professionals and patients. This process is usually performed through active chemicals substances with high toxicity, and new decontamination technologies that do not leave residues have been currently used, such as UV-C light. Thus, the objective of the present study is to evaluate the effectiveness of a portable UV-C light device on the viability of standard pathogenic strains and other microorganisms isolated from different surfaces of a public health hospital. Methods In vitro decontamination was performed by applying Biosept Home© UV-C to Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella enterica and Candida albicans. In real conditions, the application was made on different surfaces of a hospital. The device used in the experiment haa a 254 nm UV-C light and a radiation intensity of 45.6 mW/cm2 over a distance of 1 cm from the surfaces. The light dose was 0.912 J/cm2 for 20 s of application in both conditions (in vitro and hospital). Results After in vitro decontamination with UV-C light no bacterial growth was observed, demonstrating 100 % of bacterial inactivation under the conditions tested. Additionally, there was a reduction of approximately 4 logs for the yeast C. albicans. In all hospital surfaces, the number of colonies of microorganisms was significantly reduced after the procedure. Conclusion The results suggest that Biosept Home© UV-C is efficient and constitutes a promosing intervention for disinfection protocols in hospitals and clinics.
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Nicolau-Lapeña I, Abadias M, Viñas I, Bobo G, Lafarga T, Ribas-Agustí A, Aguiló-Aguayo I. Water UV-C treatment alone or in combination with peracetic acid: A technology to maintain safety and quality of strawberries. Int J Food Microbiol 2020; 335:108887. [PMID: 33002710 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2020.108887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Disinfection of fruits is one of the most important steps since they are going to be eaten fresh-or minimally-processed. This step affects quality, safety, and shelf-life of the product. Despite being a common sanitizer in the fruit industry, chlorine may react with organic matter leading to the formation of toxic by-products. Alternative sustainable disinfection strategies to chlorine are under study to minimize environmental and human health impact. Water-assisted UV-C light (WUV-C) is proposed here as an alternative sanitizing method for strawberries. In this study, strawberries were washed for 1 or 5 min in a tank with 2 or 4 lamps on, each emitting UV-C light at 17.2 W/cm2, or in a chlorine solution (200 ppm, pH 6.5). Moreover, trials with 4 lamps on, together with a washing solution consisting on peracetic acid at 40 or 80 ppm, were carried out. Overall, quality and nutritional parameters of strawberries after treatments were maintained. Changes in color were not noticeable and fruits did not lose firmness. No major changes were observed in antioxidant activity, organic acid, anthocyanin, vitamin C, and total phenolic content. Yeasts and molds were not affected by the WUV-C treatment, and 5 min were needed to significantly reduce total aerobic mesophylls population. However, reductions of artificially inoculated Listeria innocua and Salmonella Typhimurium after WUV-C treatments were comparable to those obtained with chlorine-wash, which were 3.0 log CFU / g. Moreover, WUV-C light was effective to minimize microorganisms remaining in washing water, avoiding cross-contamination and thus, allowing water recirculation. This effect was improved when combining the action of UV-C light with peracetic acid, showing the suitability of this combined treatment, understood as an alternative to chlorine sanitation, for sanitizing strawberries and keeping the populations of pathogenic bacteria in washing water lower than 0.6 ± 0.1 log CFU / mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iolanda Nicolau-Lapeña
- Food Technology Department, University of Lleida, Agrotecnio Center, Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Maribel Abadias
- IIRTA, Postharvest Programme, Edifici Fruitcentre, Parc Científic i Tecnològic Agroalimentari de Lleida, Parc de Gardeny, 25003 Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Viñas
- Food Technology Department, University of Lleida, Agrotecnio Center, Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Gloria Bobo
- IIRTA, Postharvest Programme, Edifici Fruitcentre, Parc Científic i Tecnològic Agroalimentari de Lleida, Parc de Gardeny, 25003 Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Tomás Lafarga
- IIRTA, Postharvest Programme, Edifici Fruitcentre, Parc Científic i Tecnològic Agroalimentari de Lleida, Parc de Gardeny, 25003 Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
| | | | - Ingrid Aguiló-Aguayo
- IIRTA, Postharvest Programme, Edifici Fruitcentre, Parc Científic i Tecnològic Agroalimentari de Lleida, Parc de Gardeny, 25003 Lleida, Catalonia, Spain..
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Voss S, Abushreeda W, Vonaparti A, Al-Wahaibi A, Al-Sowaidi N, Al-Mohannadi I, Mahieddine S, Khelifi S, Salama S, Saleh A, Al-Mohannadi M, El-Saftawy W, Al-Hamad K, Nofal A, Dbes N, Aguilera R, Al Maadheed M, Georgakopoulos C. Biosafety Level 2 cabinet UV-C light exposure of sports antidoping human urine samples does not affect the stability of selected prohibited substances. Drug Test Anal 2020; 13:460-465. [PMID: 33119942 DOI: 10.1002/dta.2954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The current study examined the stability of several antidoping prohibited substances analytes in urine after 15-min exposure to UV-C light in a Biosafety Level 2 cabinet. The urine matrices were exposed within the original antidoping bottles with the aim to destroy DNA/RNA and possible SARS CoV-2. The analytes small molecules Phase I and Phase II metabolites and peptides, in total 444, endogenous, internal standards, and prohibited substances, pH, and specific gravity in urine were studied. The accredited analytical methods were used by Anti-Doping Laboratory Qatar for the comparison of data of the same urine samples analyzed with and without UV-C exposure. In the study conditions, no problems of stability were detected in the substances spiked in the urine samples exposed in the UV-C irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sven Voss
- Anti-Doping Laboratory Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Amal Saleh
- Anti-Doping Laboratory Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | | | | | | | | | - Najib Dbes
- Anti-Doping Laboratory Qatar, Doha, Qatar
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13
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Hammaz F, Charles F, Kopec RE, Halimi C, Fgaier S, Aarrouf J, Urban L, Borel P. Temperature and storage time increase provitamin A carotenoid concentrations and bioaccessibility in post-harvest carrots. Food Chem 2020; 338:128004. [PMID: 32950868 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.128004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The aim was to enhance provitamin A carotenoid (proVA CAR) concentrations and bioaccessibility in carrots by manipulating post-harvest factors. To that end, we assessed the effects of Ultraviolet-C light, pulsed light, storage temperature, and storage duration. We also measured CAR bioaccessibility by using an in vitro model. Pulsed light, but not Ultraviolet-C, treatment increased proVA CAR concentrations in the cortex tissue (p < 0.05). Longer storage times and higher temperatures also increased concentrations (p < 0.05). The maximal increase induced by pulsed light was obtained after treatment with 20 kJ/m2 and 3-days of storage at 20 °C. However, the positive effect induced by pulsed light decreased considerably over the next seven days. ProVA CAR in carrots with the highest concentrations also proved to be more bioaccessible (p < 0.05). Thus, proVA CAR concentrations in stored carrots can be increased significantly through storage times and temperatures. Pulsed light can also significantly increase proVA CAR concentrations, but only temporarily.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faiza Hammaz
- C2VN, INRAE, INSERM, Aix Marseille Univ, Marseille, France
| | - Florence Charles
- Qualisud, Avignon Université, CIRAD, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier Sup'Agro, Université de la Réunion, F-84000 Avignon, France
| | - Rachel E Kopec
- Division of Human Nutrition, Department of Human Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Foods for Health Discovery Theme, The Ohio State University, USA
| | | | - Salah Fgaier
- Qualisud, Avignon Université, CIRAD, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier Sup'Agro, Université de la Réunion, F-84000 Avignon, France
| | - Jawad Aarrouf
- Qualisud, Avignon Université, CIRAD, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier Sup'Agro, Université de la Réunion, F-84000 Avignon, France
| | - Laurent Urban
- Qualisud, Avignon Université, CIRAD, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier Sup'Agro, Université de la Réunion, F-84000 Avignon, France
| | - Patrick Borel
- C2VN, INRAE, INSERM, Aix Marseille Univ, Marseille, France.
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14
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Serment-Guerrero J, Dominguez-Monroy V, Davila-Becerril J, Morales-Avila E, Fuentes-Lorenzo JL. Induction of the SOS response of Escherichia coli in repair-defective strains by several genotoxic agents. Mutat Res 2020; 854-855:503196. [PMID: 32660820 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2020.503196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
DNA is exposed to the attack of several exogenous agents that modify its chemical structure, so cells must repair those changes in order to survive. Alkylating agents introduce methyl or ethyl groups in most of the cyclic or exocyclic nitrogen atoms of the ring and exocyclic oxygen available in DNA bases producing damage that can induce the SOS response in Escherichia coli and many other bacteria. Likewise, ultraviolet light produces mainly cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers that arrest the progression of the replication fork and triggers such response. The need of some enzymes (such as RecO, ExoI and RecJ) in processing injuries produced by gamma radiation prior the induction of the SOS response has been reported before. In the present work, several repair-defective strains of E. coli were treated with methyl methanesulfonate, ethyl methanesulfonate, mitomycin C or ultraviolet light. Both survival and SOS induction (by means of the Chromotest) were tested. Our results indicate that the participation of these genes depends on the type of injury caused by a genotoxin on DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Serment-Guerrero
- Departamento de Biología, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares, La Marquesa, Estado de México, Mexico.
| | - Viridiana Dominguez-Monroy
- Departamento de Biología, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares, La Marquesa, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Jenny Davila-Becerril
- Departamento de Biología, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares, La Marquesa, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Enrique Morales-Avila
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Toluca, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Jorge Luis Fuentes-Lorenzo
- Laboratorio de Microbiología y Mutagénesis Ambiental, Grupo de Investigación en Microbiología y Genética, Escuela de Biología, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Bucaramanga, Colombia
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15
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Bing S, Zang YT, Li YJ, Shu DQ. The synergistic effects of slightly acidic electrolyzed water and UV-C light on the inactivation of Salmonella enteritidis on contaminated eggshells. Poult Sci 2019; 98:6914-6920. [PMID: 31392328 PMCID: PMC8913955 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pez454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Salmonella enteritidis (S. enteritidis) infection has been recognized as one of the most common bacterial causes of human gastroenteritis worldwide and is closely associated with eggs. Slightly acidic electrolyzed water (SAEW) is an emerging environmentally friendly technology for disinfecting eggshell surfaces to remove dirt and pathogenic microorganisms. However, the efficiency of SAEW could be affected by the presence of manure. UV-based advanced oxidation processes have been studied to improve the microorganism's inactivation effect of disinfection. Therefore, in this study, the synergistic bactericidal efficacy of SAEW and UV-C light (ultraviolet lamp, λ = 254 nm) for inactivation of S. enteritidis on artificially inoculated eggshells with or without manure was evaluated, and the bactericidal efficacy of different combination treatments of SAEW and UV-C light was compared. Without manure interference, complete inactivation (reduction of 6.54 log10 CFU/g) of S. enteritidis on the surface of eggshells was achieved following a 4-min treatment with SAEW+UV at an available chlorine concentration (ACC) of 20 mg/L. In the presence of manure, a 3.02 log reduction was achieved following a 4-min treatment with SAEW+UV at an ACC of 30 mg/L. Simultaneous treatment with SAEW and UV light exhibits higher bactericidal activity for eggshells than other combination process methods with UV and SAEW. The results suggest that the combined treatment of SAEW+UV is a novel method to enhance the microbial safety of eggshells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sh Bing
- Jiangxi Agricultural University, Jiangxi 330045, China
| | - Y T Zang
- Jiangxi Agricultural University, Jiangxi 330045, China
| | - Y J Li
- Jiangxi Agricultural University, Jiangxi 330045, China
| | - D Q Shu
- Jiangxi Agricultural University, Jiangxi 330045, China
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16
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Villacís JE, Lopez M, Passey D, Santillán MH, Verdezoto G, Trujillo F, Paredes G, Alarcón C, Horvath R, Stibich M. Efficacy of pulsed-xenon ultraviolet light for disinfection of high-touch surfaces in an Ecuadorian hospital. BMC Infect Dis 2019; 19:575. [PMID: 31269912 PMCID: PMC6609374 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-019-4200-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Hospital environment in patient care has been linked on healthcare-associated infections (HAI). No touch disinfection technologies that utilize pulsed xenon ultraviolet light has been recognized to prevent infection in contaminated environments. The purpose of this study was: 1) to evaluate the effectiveness of pulsed-xenon ultraviolet light (PX-UV) disinfection for the reduction of bacteria on environmental surfaces of Hospital General Enrique Garcés, and 2) to evaluate the in-vitro efficacy against multi-drug resistance microorganisms. Methods This was a quality-improvement study looking at cleaning and disinfection of patient areas. During the study, a total of 146 surfaces from 17 rooms were sampled in a secondary 329-bed public medical center. Microbiological samples of high-touch surfaces were taken after terminal manual cleaning and after pulsed xenon ultraviolet disinfection. Cleaning staff were blinded to the study purpose and told clean following their usual protocols. For positive cultures PCR identification for carbapenemase-resistance genes (blaKPC, blaIMP, blaVIM, and blaNDM) were analyzed and confirmed by sequencing. The total number of colony forming units (CFU) were obtained and statistical analyses were conducted using Wilcoxon Rank Sum tests to evaluate the difference in CFU between terminal manual cleaning and after pulsed xenon ultraviolet disinfection. Results After manual disinfection of 124 surfaces showed a total of 3569 CFU which dropped to 889 CFU in 80 surfaces after pulsed xenon disinfection (p < 0.001). Overall, the surface and environmental contamination was reduced by 75% after PX-UV compared to manual cleaning and disinfection. There were statistically significant decreases in CFU counts of high touch surfaces in OR 87% (p < 0.001) and patient rooms 76% (p < 0.001). Four rooms presented serine carbapenemases blaKPC, and metallo beta-lactamases blaNDM, blaVIM, blaIMP. confirmed by PCR and sequencing. The in-vitro testing with endemic strains found that after five minutes of pulsed xenon ultraviolet exposure an 8-log reduction was achieved in all cases. Conclusion This study is one of the first of its kind in an Ecuador Hospital. We found that pulsed-xenon ultraviolet disinfection technology is an efficacious complement to the established manual cleaning protocols and guidelines in the significant reduction of MDRO.
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Affiliation(s)
- José E Villacís
- Science department, 360Life Technologies, 6 de Diciembre y Batallas, Quito, Ecuador. .,Carrera de Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador.
| | - Mario Lopez
- Science department, 360Life Technologies, 6 de Diciembre y Batallas, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Deborah Passey
- Xenex Disinfection Services, San Antonio, Texas, 78209, USA
| | | | - Germán Verdezoto
- Science department, 360Life Technologies, 6 de Diciembre y Batallas, Quito, Ecuador
| | | | | | | | - Ronny Horvath
- Science department, 360Life Technologies, 6 de Diciembre y Batallas, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Mark Stibich
- Xenex Disinfection Services, San Antonio, Texas, 78209, USA
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Monteiro ML, Mársico ET, Rosenthal A, Conte-Junior CA. Synergistic effect of ultraviolet radiation and high hydrostatic pressure on texture, color, and oxidative stability of refrigerated tilapia fillets. J Sci Food Agric 2019; 99:4474-4481. [PMID: 30868583 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.9685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Lg Monteiro
- Departamento de Tecnologia de Alimentos, Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Eliane T Mársico
- Departamento de Tecnologia de Alimentos, Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Amauri Rosenthal
- Embrapa Agroindústria de Alimentos Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (EMBRAPA), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Carlos A Conte-Junior
- Departamento de Tecnologia de Alimentos, Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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18
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Wallace RL, Ouellette M, Jean J. Effect of UV-C light or hydrogen peroxide wipes on the inactivation of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Clostridium difficile spores and norovirus surrogate. J Appl Microbiol 2019; 127:586-597. [PMID: 31077510 DOI: 10.1111/jam.14308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The current study aimed to assess the potential of a new high dose ultraviolet (UV) disinfection device to inactivate methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Clostridium difficile and a norovirus surrogate on handheld mobile devices, and to compare the efficacy of the UV-C device to hydrogen peroxide disinfection wipes. METHODS AND RESULTS Suspensions of MRSA, C. difficile spores and a surrogate for norovirus (MS2) were inoculated onto glass or plastic coupons, with or without organic contamination and were exposed to continuous UV-C light for 15-60 s (165-646 mJ cm-2 ) in a self-contained UV-C chamber or treated with hydrogen peroxide wipes. Increasing the UV-C dose from 310 to 650 mJ cm-2 did not result in greater levels of inactivation. UV-C light inactivated all three micro-organisms, in the absence of organic contamination, by >2·9 log. Treatment of MRSA, C. difficile spores or MS2, in the presence of organic contamination, with UV-C light (310-646 mJ cm-2 ) resulted in 2·3-3·7 log reductions. Treatment of MRSA with UV-C light provided levels of inactivation comparable to treatment with hydrogen peroxide wipes used following the manufacturer's instructions. CONCLUSIONS UV-C light and hydrogen peroxide wipes had strong antimicrobial activity against MRSA, C. difficile spores and a norovirus surrogate, in the presence or absence of organic contamination. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Chemical disinfection wipes are widely used in healthcare facilities, but they are not recommended for use on handheld mobile devices which may harbour pathogenic micro-organisms. The powerful bactericidal, sporicidal and virucidal activity of this high dose UV-C light device, shows that this technology is a promising alternative to chemical disinfectants, particularly for control of MRSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- R L Wallace
- Département des Sciences Aliments, Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - M Ouellette
- Centre de Recherche en Infectiologie du Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - J Jean
- Département des Sciences Aliments, Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
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19
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Wang Q, Leong WF, Elias RJ, Tikekar RV. UV-C irradiated gallic acid exhibits enhanced antimicrobial activity via generation of reactive oxidative species and quinone. Food Chem 2019; 287:303-312. [PMID: 30857704 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.02.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Revised: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 02/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A novel light-enhanced antimicrobial treatment was developed by exposing gallic acid (GA) to UV-C light. GA (15 mM) solution was exposed to UV-C for 30 min and subsequently incubated with E. coli O157:H7 for 30 min to achieve a 3.2 ± 0.2 log CFU/mL reduction. The antimicrobial activity is affected by the irradiation duration, wavelength, and pH of solution. The addition of benzenesulfinic acid (BSA) to UV-C irradiated GA lowered (P < 0.05) its antimicrobial activity, indicating that quinones contributed to its overall antimicrobial effect. In addition, the attenuated (P < 0.05) antimicrobial activity of UV-C exposed GA in the presence of reactive oxidative species (ROS) quenchers, the generation of hydrogen peroxide, and increased levels of intracellular oxidative stress detected in E. coli O157:H7 illustrated that ROS also played a role in the antimicrobial effect of UV-C irradiated GA. UV-C irradiated GA could be applied as a novel antimicrobial in food systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyang Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.
| | - Wai Fun Leong
- Department of Food Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
| | - Ryan J Elias
- Department of Food Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
| | - Rohan V Tikekar
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.
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Ochoa-Velasco CE, Salcedo-Pedraza C, Hernández-Carranza P, Guerrero-Beltrán JA. Use of microbial models to evaluate the effect of UV-C light and trans-cinnamaldehyde on the native microbial load of grapefruit (Citrus × paradisi) juice. Int J Food Microbiol 2018; 282:35-41. [PMID: 29890306 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2018.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Revised: 05/19/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this research was to evaluate the storage stability (5 °C), and microbial modeling, of Rubi red grapefruit (Citrus × paradisi) juice treated with ultraviolet-C (UV-C) light (0, 10 and 20 min), alone or in combination with trans-cinnamaldehyde (trans-CAH) (0, 25 and 50 μg/mL). A 32 factorial design was used and data modeled with the Weibull, Modified Gompertz and Logistic models. A response surface model was used to evaluate the effect of modeling parameters for suggesting the optimum treatment conditions. Treated and some untreated juice lasted up to 9 days without physicochemical and microbial changes. At the higher combination of UV-C light and trans-CAH, the microbial load of grapefruit juice was maintained below 100 CFU/mL up to 15 days. For mesophiles, the three predictive models indicated that the parameters n and Nmax decreased and the parameters λ and tc increased as the combination of UV-C light and trans-CAH increased. The response surface modeling of the parameters obtained by the predictive models showed acceptable correlation for mesophiles (R2 = 0.815-0.977) but not for yeasts (R2 = 0.618-0.815). The three predictive models showed that, the concentration of trans-CAH had more effect on stopping the microbial growth than the UV-C light treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- C E Ochoa-Velasco
- Departamento de Bioquímica-Alimentos, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla 72420, Puebla, Mexico
| | - C Salcedo-Pedraza
- Ingeniería en Alimentos, Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla 72420, Puebla, Mexico
| | - P Hernández-Carranza
- Departamento de Bioquímica-Alimentos, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla 72420, Puebla, Mexico
| | - J A Guerrero-Beltrán
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Alimentos, Universidad de las Américas Puebla, Cholula 72810, Puebla, Mexico.
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Ferrario M, Schenk M, García Carrillo M, Guerrero S. Development and quality assessment of a turbid carrot-orange juice blend processed by UV-C light assisted by mild heat and addition of Yerba Mate (Ilex paraguariensis) extract. Food Chem 2018; 269:567-576. [PMID: 30100474 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.06.149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Revised: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/30/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Carrot-orange juice processed by UV-C (10.6 kJ/m2) assisted with mild heat (H, 50 °C) and yerba mate addition (E) was obtained. UV-C/H + E treated juice was examined for native flora, polyphenol content (PC), total antioxidant activity (TAA), colour, turbidity, °Brix and pH along storage (4 °C). Consumer profiling studies were performed. UV-C/H + E provoked 2.6-5.7 native flora log reductions, preventing from recovery during 24 day-storage. The UV-C/H + E juice exhibited a significant increase in PC (720.2 µg/mL) and TAA (5.5 mg/mL) compared to untreated (PC = 205.0 µg/mL/TAA = 0.7 mg/mL) and single treated juices (PC = 302.1-408.0 µg/mL/TAA = 0.7-2.4 mg/mL), remaining constant throughout storage. UV-C/H + E juice exhibited scarce changes in colour. Nevertheless, increases in °Brix and turbidity were observed compared to single treatments. A cluster sensory analysis revealed that one group showed a marked interest in UVC/H + E beverages with herbal taste and strong aroma. CATA question revealed that some improvements should be introduced in order to satisfy the consumers' ideally beverage.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ferrario
- Departamento de Industrias, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, (1428) C.A.B.A., Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas de la República Argentina, Argentina.
| | - M Schenk
- Departamento de Industrias, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, (1428) C.A.B.A., Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas de la República Argentina, Argentina
| | - M García Carrillo
- Departamento de Industrias, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, (1428) C.A.B.A., Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas de la República Argentina, Argentina
| | - S Guerrero
- Departamento de Industrias, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, (1428) C.A.B.A., Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas de la República Argentina, Argentina.
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22
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Begum S, Ahmaruzzaman M. Green synthesis of SnO 2 quantum dots using Parkia speciosa Hassk pods extract for the evaluation of anti-oxidant and photocatalytic properties. J Photochem Photobiol B 2018; 184:44-53. [PMID: 29803072 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2018.04.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Revised: 04/14/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, microwave heating method was established for the biosynthesis of SnO2 Quantum dots (QDs) using Parkia speciosa Hassk pods extract. The as-synthesized quantum dots have been characterized by various techniques such as UV, XRD, EDX, TEM, HRTEM, SAED and FTIR spectroscopy. The biosynthesized SnO2 QDs was employed for the first time as an efficient photocatalyst for the degradation of a food dye, acid yellow 23 dye from aqueous phase under the UV254 light. Various parameters, such as the effect of catalyst dose, the initial concentration of acid yellow 23 dye (AY23), pH of the solution and irradiation time on the photodegradation process are also studied for efficient and better use of the synthesized SnO2 QDs as a catalyst. The biosynthesized SnO2 QDs exhibited excellent photocatalytic performances with degradation efficiency 98% on the degradation of an aqueous solution of AY23 of concentration 5 mg/L with a catalyst dose of 20 mg under UV254 light within 24 min. The synthesized SnO2 QDs can be reused up to 5 cycles of photodegradation experiment without losing its stability and efficiency. The biosynthesized SnO2 QDs also shows a fair activity in the scavenging of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl free radical with the IC50 value of 312.6 ± 0.025 μg/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shamima Begum
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Silchar 788010, Assam, India
| | - Md Ahmaruzzaman
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Silchar 788010, Assam, India.
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23
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Begum S, Ahmaruzzaman M. CTAB and SDS assisted facile fabrication of SnO 2 nanoparticles for effective degradation of carbamazepine from aqueous phase: A systematic and comparative study of their degradation performance. Water Res 2018; 129:470-485. [PMID: 29190577 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2017.11.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Revised: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 11/11/2017] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, SnO2 nanoparticles were successfully synthesized by chemical precipitation method using anhydrous aspartic acid and surfactant at two annealing temperatures, 300 °C and 600 °C. The effect of surfactants cationic CTAB and anionic SDS on the synthesized SnO2 nanoparticles (NPs) were studied elaborately. In this article, for the first time, SnO2 NPs were employed as an excellent photocatalyst in the degradation of carbamazepine (CBZ), a popular antiepileptic drug which is most commonly detected pharmaceutically active compounds (PhACs) in municipal wastewater under UV-C light irradiation. Comparative studies between the photocatalytic activity of SnO2 NPs synthesized with CTAB (SC1) and SDS (SS1) on the degradation of the CBZ drug were investigated. Parameters like the effect of catalytic loading, initial concentration, pH and contact time were also studied for optimization. The results indicate that SC1 is a better photocatalyst with rate constant 6.66 × 10-2 min-1 than SS1 with rate 5.7 × 10-2 min-1. To determine the transformation product formed on the photodegradation LCMS (ESI) analysis was done. The synthesized SnO2 NPs can be recycled up to 8th cycles without any notable alteration in its photocatalytic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shamima Begum
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Silchar 788010, India
| | - M Ahmaruzzaman
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Silchar 788010, India.
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24
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Urban L, Charles F, de Miranda MRA, Aarrouf J. Understanding the physiological effects of UV-C light and exploiting its agronomic potential before and after harvest. Plant Physiol Biochem 2016; 105:1-11. [PMID: 27064192 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2016.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2015] [Revised: 03/30/2016] [Accepted: 04/03/2016] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
There is an abundant literature about the biological and physiological effects of UV-B light and the signaling and metabolic pathways it triggers and influences. Much less is known about UV-C light even though it seems to have a lot of potential for being effective in less time than UV-B light. UV-C light is known since long to exert direct and indirect inhibitory and damaging effects on living cells and is therefore commonly used for disinfection purposes. More recent observations suggest that UV-C light can also be exploited to stimulate the production of health-promoting phytochemicals, to extent shelf life of fruits and vegetables and to stimulate mechanisms of adaptation to biotic and abiotic stresses. Clearly some of these effects may be related to the stimulating effect of UV-C light on the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and to the stimulation of antioxidant molecules and mechanisms, although UV-C light could also trigger and regulate signaling pathways independently from its effect on the production of ROS. Our review clearly underlines the high potential of UV-C light in agriculture and therefore advocates for more work to be done to improve its efficiency and also to increase our understanding of the way UV-C light is perceived and influences the physiology of plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurent Urban
- Unité Mixte de Recherche Qualisud, Laboratoire de Physiologie des Fruits et Légumes, Université d'Avignon et des Pays de Vaucluse, 301 rue Baruch de Spinoza, BP 2139 - 84916, Avignon cedex 9, France.
| | - Florence Charles
- Unité Mixte de Recherche Qualisud, Laboratoire de Physiologie des Fruits et Légumes, Université d'Avignon et des Pays de Vaucluse, 301 rue Baruch de Spinoza, BP 2139 - 84916, Avignon cedex 9, France
| | - Maria Raquel Alcântara de Miranda
- Laboratório de Fisiologia e Bioquímica de Frutos, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Av. Mr. Hull 2297 Bl. 907, Campus do Pici, CEP 60455-760, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Jawad Aarrouf
- Unité Mixte de Recherche Qualisud, Laboratoire de Physiologie des Fruits et Légumes, Université d'Avignon et des Pays de Vaucluse, 301 rue Baruch de Spinoza, BP 2139 - 84916, Avignon cedex 9, France
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25
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Gouma M, Gayán E, Raso J, Condón S, Álvarez I. Influence of dimethyl dicarbonate on the resistance of Escherichia coli to a combined UV-Heat treatment in apple juice. Front Microbiol 2015; 6:501. [PMID: 26042117 PMCID: PMC4436884 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.00501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2015] [Accepted: 05/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Commercial apple juice inoculated with Escherichia coli was treated with UV-C, heat (55°C) and dimethyl dicarbonate – DMDC (25, 50, and 75 mg/L)-, applied separately and in combination, in order to investigate the possibility of synergistic lethal effects. The inactivation levels resulting from each treatment applied individually for a maximum treatment time of 3.58 min were limited, reaching 1.2, 2.9, and 0.06 log10 reductions for UV, heat, and DMDC (75 mg/L), respectively. However, all the investigated combinations resulted in a synergistic lethal effect, reducing the total treatment time and UV dose, with the synergistic lethal effect being higher when larger concentrations of DMDC were added to the apple juice. The addition of 75 mg/L of DMDC prior to the combined UV-C light treatment at 55°C resulted in 5 log10 reductions after only 1.8 min, reducing the treatment time and UV dose of the combined UV-Heat treatment by 44%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Gouma
- Departamento de Producción Animal y Ciencia de los Alimentos, Tecnología de los Alimentos, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Zaragoza Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Elisa Gayán
- Departamento de Producción Animal y Ciencia de los Alimentos, Tecnología de los Alimentos, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Zaragoza Zaragoza, Spain ; Laboratory of Food Microbiology, Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven Leuven Belgium
| | - Javier Raso
- Departamento de Producción Animal y Ciencia de los Alimentos, Tecnología de los Alimentos, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Zaragoza Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Santiago Condón
- Departamento de Producción Animal y Ciencia de los Alimentos, Tecnología de los Alimentos, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Zaragoza Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Ignacio Álvarez
- Departamento de Producción Animal y Ciencia de los Alimentos, Tecnología de los Alimentos, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Zaragoza Zaragoza, Spain
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26
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Lee ES, Park SY, Ha SD. Effect of UV-C light on the microbial and sensory quality of seasoned dried seafood. FOOD SCI TECHNOL INT 2015; 22:213-20. [PMID: 25967394 DOI: 10.1177/1082013215586293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2014] [Accepted: 04/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of different doses of UV-C light at 253.7 nm (0-18 kJ/m(2)) on the reduction of Escherichia coli,Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus in contaminated seasoned dried filefish (Thamnaconus modestus) and sliced squid (Todarodes pacificus) surfaces and sensory quality. The counts of all three bacteria were significantly (P < 0.05) reduced by the increase of UV-C dosage.E. coli,S. aureus and B. cereus on filefish with 18 kJ/m(2)of UV-C maximally reduced by 2.70, 2.55 and 2.57 log CFU/g, respectively; however, on the sliced squid using the same UV dose reduced the same bacteria by 1.35, 0.54 and 1.05 log CFU/g, respectively. However, the results suggest that 6 to 9 kJ/m(2)of UV-C could be used for the inactivation of E. coli and B. cereus in these dried fishery products without any changes in sensory quality. However, S. aureus levels on sliced squid will require a combination of UV-C light and chemical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Seon Lee
- School of Food Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Ansung, Republic of Korea
| | - Shin Young Park
- School of Food Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Ansung, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Do Ha
- School of Food Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Ansung, Republic of Korea
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