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Pang H, Zhang W, Wu S, Jenk TM, Schwikowski M, Hou S. Abrupt climate fluctuations in Tibet as imprints of multiple meltwater events during the early to mid-Holocene. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2024; 69:375-381. [PMID: 38103951 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2023.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the impact of meltwater discharge during the final stage of the Laurentide Ice Sheet (LIS) has important implications for predicting sea level rise and climate change. Here we present a high-resolution ice-core isotopic record from the central Tibetan Plateau (TP), where the climate is sensitive to the meltwater forcing, and explore possible signals of the climate response to potential LIS meltwater discharges in the early to mid-Holocene. The record shows four abrupt large fluctuations during the 7-9 ka BP (kiloannum before present), reflecting large shifts of the mid-latitude westerlies and the Indian summer monsoon (ISM) over this period, and they corresponded to possible LIS freshwater events documented in other paleoclimate records. Our study suggests that multiple rapid meltwater discharge events might have occurred during the final stage of LIS. The finding implies the possibility of rapid sea level rise and unstable climate in the transition zone between the mid-latitude westerlies and the ISM due to fast polar ice retreat under the anthropogenic global warming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxi Pang
- Key Laboratory of Coast and Island Development of Ministry of Education, School of Geography and Ocean Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China; Frontiers Science Center for Critical Earth Material Cycling, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Wangbin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Coast and Island Development of Ministry of Education, School of Geography and Ocean Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Shuangye Wu
- Department of Geology and Environmental Geosciences, University of Dayton, Dayton OH 45469, USA
| | - Theo M Jenk
- Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen PSI 5232, Switzerland; Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, Bern 3012, Switzerland
| | - Margit Schwikowski
- Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen PSI 5232, Switzerland; Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, Bern 3012, Switzerland
| | - Shugui Hou
- Key Laboratory of Coast and Island Development of Ministry of Education, School of Geography and Ocean Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China; School of Oceanography, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
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2
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Evgrafova SY, Mavlyudov BR, Chukmasov PV, Chetverova AA, Masyagina OV. Fossil mosses are emitting methane after maritime Antarctic glacier retreat. Mar Pollut Bull 2024; 199:115959. [PMID: 38154169 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
In the extraordinary weather conditions of the austral summer of 2023, fossil mosses thawed out from under the Bellingshausen Ice Dome, King George Island, Southern Shetland Archipelago of maritime Antarctica. At the end of the austral summer, we directly measured greenhouse gas fluxes (CH4 and CO2) from the surface of fossil mosses. We showed that fossil mosses were strong emitters of CH4 and weak emitters of CO2. The real-time measured CH4 emissions reached 0.173 μmol m-2 s-1, which is comparable to CH4 efflux in water bodies or wet tundra in the Arctic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana Y Evgrafova
- Sukachev Institute of Forest SB RAS, Federal Research Center "Krasnoyarsk Science Center SB RAS", 50/28 Akademgorodok st., 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation; Siberian Federal University, 660041 Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation; Melnikov Permafrost Institute of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, 677010 Yakutsk, Russian Federation
| | - Bulat R Mavlyudov
- Institute of Geography, Russian Academy of Sciences, Staromonetnyy Pereulok, 29, Moscow 119017, Russian Federation
| | - Pavel V Chukmasov
- Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119071, Russian Federation
| | - Antonina A Chetverova
- St. Petersburg University, St. Petersburg 199034, Russian Federation; Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute, St. Petersburg 199397, Russian Federation
| | - Oxana V Masyagina
- Sukachev Institute of Forest SB RAS, Federal Research Center "Krasnoyarsk Science Center SB RAS", 50/28 Akademgorodok st., 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation.
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3
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Churakova Sidorova OV, Porter TJ, Zharkov MS, Fonti MV, Barinov VV, Taynik AV, Kirdyanov AV, Knorre AA, Wegmann M, Trushkina TV, Koshurnikova NN, Vaganov EA, Myglan VS, Siegwolf RTW, Saurer M. Climate impacts on tree-ring stable isotopes across the Northern Hemispheric boreal zone. Sci Total Environ 2023; 870:161644. [PMID: 36707005 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.161644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Boreal regions are changing rapidly with anthropogenic global warming. In order to assess risks and impacts of this process, it is crucial to put these observed changes into a long-term perspective. Summer air temperature variability can be well reconstructed from conifer tree rings. While the application of stable isotopes can potentially provide complementary climatic information over different seasons. In this study, we developed new triple stable isotope chronologies in tree-ring cellulose (δ13Ctrc, δ18Otrc, δ2Htrc) from a study site in Canada. Additionally, we performed regional aggregated analysis of available stable isotope chronologies from 6 conifers' tree species across high-latitudinal (HL) and - altitudinal (HA) as well as Siberian (SIB) transects of the Northern Hemispheric boreal zone. Our results show that summer air temperature still plays an important role in determining tree-ring isotope variability at 11 out of 24 sites for δ13Ctrc, 6 out of 18 sites for δ18Otrc and 1 out of 6 sites for δ2Htrc. Precipitation, relative humidity and vapor pressure deficit are significantly and consistently recorded in both δ13Ctrc and δ18Otrc along HL. Summer sunshine duration is captured by all isotopes, mainly for HL and HA transects, indicating an indirect link with an increase in air and leaf temperature. A mixed temperature-precipitation signal is preserved in δ13Ctrc and δ18Otrc along SIB transect. The δ2Htrc data obtained for HL-transect provide information not only about growing seasonal moisture and temperature, but also capture autumn, winter and spring sunshine duration signals. We conclude that a combination of triple stable isotopes in tree-ring studies can provide a comprehensive description of climate variability across the boreal forest zone and improve ecohydrological reconstructions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga V Churakova Sidorova
- Siberian Federal University, 660041 Svobodny 79, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation; Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Zürcherstrasse 111, CH-8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland; Kasan Federal University, Institute of Geology and Petroleum Technology, Kremlyovskaya str. 18, Kazan 420008, Russian Federation.
| | - Trevor J Porter
- Department of Geography, Geomatics and Environment, University of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Road, Mississauga, ON L5L 1C6, Canada
| | - Mikhail S Zharkov
- Siberian Federal University, 660041 Svobodny 79, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation
| | - Marina V Fonti
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Zürcherstrasse 111, CH-8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - Valentin V Barinov
- Siberian Federal University, 660041 Svobodny 79, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation
| | - Anna V Taynik
- Siberian Federal University, 660041 Svobodny 79, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander V Kirdyanov
- Siberian Federal University, 660041 Svobodny 79, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation; Sukachev Institute of Forest SB RAS, Federal Research Center 'Krasnoyarsk Science Center SB RAS', 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Akademgorodok, Russian Federation
| | - Anastasya A Knorre
- Siberian Federal University, 660041 Svobodny 79, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation; Science Department, National Park "Krasnoyarsk Stolby", 660006 Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation
| | - Martin Wegmann
- École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne EPFL, Limnology center, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Tatyana V Trushkina
- Reshetnev Siberian State University of Science and Technology, Krasnoyarsky Rabochy 31, 660037 Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation
| | | | - Eugene A Vaganov
- Siberian Federal University, 660041 Svobodny 79, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation; Sukachev Institute of Forest SB RAS, Federal Research Center 'Krasnoyarsk Science Center SB RAS', 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Akademgorodok, Russian Federation
| | - Vladimir S Myglan
- Siberian Federal University, 660041 Svobodny 79, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation
| | - Rolf T W Siegwolf
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Zürcherstrasse 111, CH-8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Saurer
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Zürcherstrasse 111, CH-8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland.
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4
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Vespasiano G, Cianflone G, Marini L, De Rosa R, Polemio M, Walraevens K, Vaselli O, Pizzino L, Cinti D, Capecchiacci F, Barca D, Dominici R, Apollaro C. Hydrogeochemical and isotopic characterization of the Gioia Tauro coastal Plain (Calabria - southern Italy): A multidisciplinary approach for a focused management of vulnerable strategic systems. Sci Total Environ 2023; 862:160694. [PMID: 36481154 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
This work pursues the hydro-geochemical and isotopic characterization of the complex groundwater system of the Gioia Tauro Plain, one of the most important industrialized and agricultural coastal areas of southern Italy. The anthropic pressure exposes the water resources at risk of depletion and quality degradation making the plain groundwater a system of high scientific and social interest. The plain is characterized by a shallow aquifer, mostly recharged by local rains and a deep aquifer apparently less influenced by local precipitation. Both aquifers are mainly Ca-HCO3 waters except for localized sectors where Na-HCO3, Na-Cl and Ca-SO4 waters are present. In deep aquifer, both prolonged interaction with sedimentary rocks, mainly deriving from the erosion of crystalline rocks, and direct cation exchange represent the primary factors controlling the formation of Na-HCO3 waters. Mixing processes between these waters and either connate brine and/or deep thermal waters contribute to the formation of isolated high salinity Na-Cl-rich waters. In shallow aquifer, inputs of N-rich sewage and agriculture-related contaminants, and SOx emissions in proximity of the harbor are responsible of the increasing nitrate and sulphate concentrations, respectively. The Cl/Br and NO3/Cl ratios highlight contamination mainly linked to agricultural activities and contribution of wastewater. Along the northern boundary, the warmest groundwater (Na-Cl[SO4]) were found close to a bend of the main strike-slip fault system, locally favouring the rising of B- and Li-rich deep waters, testifying the influence of geological-structural features on deep water circulation. Despite the high-water demand, a direct marine intrusion is localized in a very restricted area, where we observed an incipient groundwater-seawater mixing (seawater contribution ≤7 %). The qualitative and quantitative conditions of the shallow aquifer still have acceptable levels because of the relatively high recharge inflow. A reliable hydrogeochemical conceptual model, able to explain the compositional variability of the studied waters, is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Vespasiano
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences (DIBEST), University of Calabria, Via Ponte Bucci 4, Cubo 15B, 87036 Rende, Italy; E3 (Earth, Environment, Engineering) Soc. Coop. and Spin-Off of University of Calabria, Via Ponte Bucci, Cubo 15B, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - G Cianflone
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences (DIBEST), University of Calabria, Via Ponte Bucci 4, Cubo 15B, 87036 Rende, Italy; E3 (Earth, Environment, Engineering) Soc. Coop. and Spin-Off of University of Calabria, Via Ponte Bucci, Cubo 15B, 87036 Rende, Italy.
| | - L Marini
- Steam Srl, Via Ponte a Piglieri 8, I-56121 Pisa, Italy
| | - R De Rosa
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences (DIBEST), University of Calabria, Via Ponte Bucci 4, Cubo 15B, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - M Polemio
- CNR-IRPI, National Research Council, Research Institute for Hydrogeological Protection, Via Amendola 122 I, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - K Walraevens
- Laboratory for Applied Geology and Hydrogeology, Department of Geology, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - O Vaselli
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Florence, Via G. La Pira 4, 50121 Firenze, Italy; CNR-IGG Institute of Geosciences and Earth Resources, Via G. La Pira 4, 50121 Firenze, Italy
| | - L Pizzino
- Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione di Roma 1, Via di Vigna Murata 605, 00143 Rome, Italy
| | - D Cinti
- Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione di Roma 1, Via di Vigna Murata 605, 00143 Rome, Italy
| | - F Capecchiacci
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Florence, Via G. La Pira 4, 50121 Firenze, Italy; CNR-IGG Institute of Geosciences and Earth Resources, Via G. La Pira 4, 50121 Firenze, Italy; Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione di Napoli, Osservatorio Vesuviano, Via Diocleziano, 328, 80125 Napoli, NA
| | - D Barca
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences (DIBEST), University of Calabria, Via Ponte Bucci 4, Cubo 15B, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - R Dominici
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences (DIBEST), University of Calabria, Via Ponte Bucci 4, Cubo 15B, 87036 Rende, Italy; E3 (Earth, Environment, Engineering) Soc. Coop. and Spin-Off of University of Calabria, Via Ponte Bucci, Cubo 15B, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - C Apollaro
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences (DIBEST), University of Calabria, Via Ponte Bucci 4, Cubo 15B, 87036 Rende, Italy
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5
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Glok-Galli M, Vadillo-Pérez I, Jiménez-Gavilán P, Ojeda L, Urresti-Estala B, Martínez DE. Application of hydrochemical and multi-isotopic ( 87Sr/ 86Sr, δ 13C-DIC, δ 2H-H 2O, δ 18O-H 2O) tools to determine contamination sources and processes in the Guadalhorce River Basin, southern Spain. Sci Total Environ 2022; 828:154424. [PMID: 35278560 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The integrated use of multi-isotopic (87Sr/86Sr, δ13C-DIC, δ2H-H2O, δ18O-H2O) and hydrochemical data was applied in the highly anthropized Guadalhorce river basin, southern Spain, to improve the knowledge about water contamination sources and processes and to achieve improved water resource management. The results obtained highlight the importance of the use of isotopes as tracers of pollutants. DIC, δ2H-H2O, δ18O-H2O and δ13C-DIC allowed differentiating two water recharge end members: direct rainwater, infiltrated into the upper and lower detritic aquifers of the sub-basins, and the Guadalhorce dam system, which act as a source in some groundwater and surface waters of the lower sub-basin. 87Sr/86Sr data supported the existing conclusions in relation to pollution sources in the study area. The Triassic basement (evaporites) of the carbonate and detritic aquifers of the basin generally controls the natural 87Sr/86Sr composition in waters of the upper sub-basin. Only one groundwater sample reflects the influence of a human organic source (sewage) in its composition. On the other hand, mixing of human inorganic (fertilizers and detergents) strontium sources is required to explain the 87Sr/86Sr contents of the lower sub-basin waters. Discriminating the use of domestic detergents as another anthropogenic source of strontium and sulphate in waters is a novel finding in this research. The conclusions reached can be extrapolated to other anthropized basins.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Glok-Galli
- Faculty of Engineering, National University of the Center of Buenos Aires Province, 7400 Olavarría, Argentina; National Scientific and Technical Research Council, Argentina.
| | - I Vadillo-Pérez
- Group of Hydrogeology, Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, University of Malaga, 29071 Malaga, Spain.
| | - P Jiménez-Gavilán
- Group of Hydrogeology, Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, University of Malaga, 29071 Malaga, Spain.
| | - L Ojeda
- Group of Hydrogeology, Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, University of Malaga, 29071 Malaga, Spain.
| | | | - D E Martínez
- National Scientific and Technical Research Council, Argentina; Group of Hydrogeology, University of Mar del Plata, 7600 Mar del Plata, Argentina.
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Hornero J, Manzano M, Custodio E. Deciphering the origin of groundwater inflow into the Talave tunnel (SE Spain). Sci Total Environ 2021; 789:147904. [PMID: 34323841 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The Talave tunnel (TT) is an infrastructure of a major water transfer from the Tajo river basin (center Spain) to the Segura river basin (SE Spain), crossing the Júcar river basin. The tunnel was drilled between 1969 and 1978. It is 32 km long, N/NW-S/SE oriented, has a maximum depth of 320 m, intersects several aquifers, and its southern stretch follows the eastern boundary of the Alcadozo aquifer. The TT drilling perturbed groundwater flow in two river basins, and the induced groundwater inlets generated social and administrative concern lasting until today. The main objectives of this paper are understanding the historical and current tunnel-massif hydrodynamic relationships, and deciphering the origin of groundwater inflow into the tunnel. The first objective was approached analyzing the discharge flow evolution since the drilling until 2016, together with old (1970s) and recent (2014-2017) piezometric data. For the second objective, hydrochemical and isotopic data were generated between 2014 and 2018 from discrete and integrated discharge to the tunnel. Attaining both goals benefited of recent studies on groundwater recharge and functioning in the Alcadozo aquifer. Discharge flows stabilized in the early 2000s. 340 hm3 were drained between 1969 and 2016, producing a piezometric drawdown between 15 and 120 m along the tunnel. The main inflow zones correspond to tectonic fractures concentrated in the middle and southern sections of the tunnel. The existence of a hydrogeological divide between the Júcar and the Segura river basins some 3 km to the N of the watershed divide implies that all groundwater comes from the Segura hydrogeological basin. The isotopes suggest that groundwater comes mainly from regional flow lines originated to the W of the tunnel, together with some local recharge. The effects of tunneling can be used to assess the impacts of imminent groundwater development planned by the Basin Authority.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Hornero
- Geological and Mining Institute of Spain, Avda. Miguel de Cervantes 45, 30009 Murcia, Spain.
| | - Marisol Manzano
- Department of Mining and Civil Engineering, Technical University of Cartagena. P° de Alfonso XIII 52, 30203 Cartagena, Spain
| | - Emilio Custodio
- Groundwater Hydrology Group, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Catalonia. Jordi Girona 1-3, 08034 Barcelona, Spain; Spanish Royal Academy of Sciences, Spain
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Keesari T, Sinha UK, Saha D, Dwivedi SN, Shukla RR, Mohokar H, Roy A. Isotope and hydrochemical systematics of groundwater from a multi-tiered aquifer in the central parts of Indo-Gangetic Plains, India - Implications for groundwater sustainability and security. Sci Total Environ 2021; 789:147860. [PMID: 34062467 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The Indo-Gangetic multi-aquifer system provides water supplies to the most populous regions of the Indian subcontinent, however precise knowledge on the sources and dynamics of groundwater is still missing. Environmental isotopes (2H, 18O, 13C, 3H and 14C) and hydrochemical modeling tools were used in this study in the multi-tiered aquifers underlying the Middle Gangetic Plains (MGP) to investigate the source of recharge, aquifer dynamics and inter-connectivity among aquifers. Within a depth span of 300 m, three aquifers, with contrasting recharge sources and dynamics, were delineated in this Sone-Ganga-Punpun interfluve region, with limited cross-aquifer hydraulic interconnections. The chemistry evolves from Ca-HCO3 to Na-Ca-HCO3 in the shallow semiconfined Aquifer-I with a mean transit time of 20-23 years. The dominant recharge to Aquifer-I is from the river inflows and rainwater percolation through paleochannels. The semi-confined to confined Aquifer-II holds fresh quality groundwater with mixed water facies (Mg/Ca-Na-HCO3). The modeled age of Aquifer-II groundwater is found to be 205-520 years, which is supported by presence of negligible tritium and minor variations in stable isotopes. Outcrop regions of Aquifer-II sediments in the marginal alluvial areas and deep-seated paleochannels in the southwestern part are the potential zones for Aquifer-II recharge. A deep confined Aquifer-III with fresh quality of groundwater is identified below 220 m. This aquifer is characterized by old age (~3.5 to 4.7 ka BP) and enriched δ18O (-5.7‰). These results along with the existing paleoclimate records of this region infer that Aquifer-III is recharged during an arid climate. The marginal alluvial plains are the probable recharge zones for Aquifer-III. This study helped in conceptualizing the groundwater flow paths in multi-tiered aquifers of MGP. The knowledge and understanding would extend crucial inputs for the sustainable development of deep aquifers not only in the MGP but also in other regions of Indo-Gangetic Plains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tirumalesh Keesari
- Isotope and Radiation Application Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - Uday Kumar Sinha
- Isotope and Radiation Application Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - Dipankar Saha
- Chair Professor, Manab Rachna International Institute of Research and Studies, Faridabad, India.
| | - S N Dwivedi
- Central Ground Water Board, Bhujal Bhawan, Faridabad, India
| | - Rajeev Ranjan Shukla
- Rajiv Gandhi National Ground Water Training and Research Institute, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Hemant Mohokar
- Isotope and Radiation Application Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - Annadasankar Roy
- Isotope and Radiation Application Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
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8
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Jesiya NP, Gopinath G, Resmi TR. Comprehending the groundwater recharge of a coastal city in humid tropical setting using stable isotopes. J Environ Manage 2021; 287:112260. [PMID: 33714731 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Unscientific urbanization in coastal cities has enforced the need for understanding groundwater recharge sources and processes for sustainable development. In this paper, stable isotope compositions of precipitation, groundwater and river water were determined to understand the significant recharge sources of phreatic aquifers in the two differently urbanized environments, viz. urban and peri urban clusters of Kozhikode District, Kerala, and southern India. The two monsoon systems viz., southwest and northeast, are the major source of groundwater recharge in the region, but due to change in landuse pattern in the last decade has significantly altered groundwater recharge. Hence with the aid of stable isotope ratios of water, estimation of point recharge of rainwater to the groundwater in different hydrgeological setting of the area was done. The monsoon rains contributed 35% in the urban alluvial aquifers, up to 39% in the urban laterite aquifer and 42% in the peri urban laterite aquifer. An attempt was made to correlate the landuse changes in the past decade in the region with the groundwater availability.
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Affiliation(s)
- N P Jesiya
- Geomatics Division, Centre for Water Resources Development and Management (CWRDM), Kerala, 673571, India.
| | - Girish Gopinath
- Geomatics Division, Centre for Water Resources Development and Management (CWRDM), Kerala, 673571, India; Department of Remote Sensing & GIS, Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies (KUFOS), Kochi, 682 508, India.
| | - T R Resmi
- Isotope Hydrology Division, Centre for Water Resources Development and Management (CWRDM), Kerala, 673571, India.
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Ghiglieri G, Buttau C, Arras C, Funedda A, Soler A, Barbieri M, Carrey R, Domènech C, Torrentó C, Otero N, Carletti A. Using a multi-disciplinary approach to characterize groundwater systems in arid and semi-arid environments: The case of Biskra and Batna regions (NE Algeria). Sci Total Environ 2021; 757:143797. [PMID: 33288271 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This study presents a multi-disciplinary approach for the hydrogeological assessment and characterization of water resources in typical arid and semi-arid areas with high anthropogenic pressure, and where environmental conditions and political context prevent extensive field surveys. The use of a three-dimensional (3D) hydrogeological conceptual model, integrating hydrochemical and multi-isotope data, is proposed for the Batna and Biskra area (NE Algeria). Geological data were assembled in 3D geological software, from which a 3D hydrogeological conceptual model was constructed, which included the delineation of groundwater flow directions. The isotopic characterization, including deuterium and oxygen isotopic composition of water (δ2H and δ18O), and tritium (3H), provided information regarding recharge sources, flow pathways and residence times of groundwaters. Hydrochemical parameters, measured on the same samples, supported the interpretation of isotope data. All data were processed in a geographic information system (GIS) environment. The effectiveness of this approach was tested on a complex system of aquifers with high hydrogeological heterogeneity. Results show the important role the tectonic setting of an area can play in the hydrogeology and hydrochemistry of its principal groundwater systems. The fault network in the study region connects different aquifers, resulting in the mixing of groundwaters. The region most influenced by geological structures is the southern part of the study area, close to Biskra city. In fact, besides a limited contribution of recharge from rain and surface water derived from flood events, the recharge of the Cenozoic aquifers seems to proceed from the ascension of deeper Cretaceous groundwaters through the fault network, as indicated by temperature, bulk chemistry and in particular δ2H, δ18O and 3H results. In contrast, results suggest that the recharge of the low mineralized Maastrichtian waters is primarily influenced by local precipitation and runoff in the mountainous northern part of the study area. Tritium content, low salinity, and bulk chemistry all suggest such waters to be a mix of pre-bomb (deeper flow-lines within the aquifer) and recent water, with no contribution from the deepest Continental Intercalaire groundwaters. The proposed approach reduces ambiguity about the studied aquifer systems, greatly improves the conceptual understanding of their behaviour, and could provide insights into the vulnerability of the aquifers to different anthropogenic pollution phenomena. The methodology used appears to be a valid tool that could be applied to other geographical areas, to inform the design and implementation of efficient management strategies aimed at improving the quality and availability of water resources. Moreover, three-dimensional modelling methods are becoming increasingly applied to different aspects of groundwater management, to obtain a detailed picture of subsurface conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgio Ghiglieri
- Department of Chemical and Geological Science, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, Blocco A - S.P. Monserrato-Sestu, km 0.700, Italy; Desertification Research Group (NRD), University of Sassari, Viale Italia, 07100 Sassari, Italy.
| | - Cristina Buttau
- Department of Chemical and Geological Science, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, Blocco A - S.P. Monserrato-Sestu, km 0.700, Italy
| | - Claudio Arras
- Department of Chemical and Geological Science, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, Blocco A - S.P. Monserrato-Sestu, km 0.700, Italy; Desertification Research Group (NRD), University of Sassari, Viale Italia, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Antonio Funedda
- Department of Chemical and Geological Science, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, Blocco A - S.P. Monserrato-Sestu, km 0.700, Italy
| | - Albert Soler
- Grup MAiMA, SGR Mineralogia Aplicada, Geoquímica i Geomicrobiologia, Departament Mineralogia, Petrologia i Geologia Aplicada, Facultat de Ciències de la Terra, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), C/ Martí i Franquès, s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manuela Barbieri
- Grup MAiMA, SGR Mineralogia Aplicada, Geoquímica i Geomicrobiologia, Departament Mineralogia, Petrologia i Geologia Aplicada, Facultat de Ciències de la Terra, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), C/ Martí i Franquès, s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Raul Carrey
- Grup MAiMA, SGR Mineralogia Aplicada, Geoquímica i Geomicrobiologia, Departament Mineralogia, Petrologia i Geologia Aplicada, Facultat de Ciències de la Terra, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), C/ Martí i Franquès, s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Domènech
- Grup MAiMA, SGR Mineralogia Aplicada, Geoquímica i Geomicrobiologia, Departament Mineralogia, Petrologia i Geologia Aplicada, Facultat de Ciències de la Terra, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), C/ Martí i Franquès, s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Clara Torrentó
- Grup MAiMA, SGR Mineralogia Aplicada, Geoquímica i Geomicrobiologia, Departament Mineralogia, Petrologia i Geologia Aplicada, Facultat de Ciències de la Terra, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), C/ Martí i Franquès, s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Neus Otero
- Grup MAiMA, SGR Mineralogia Aplicada, Geoquímica i Geomicrobiologia, Departament Mineralogia, Petrologia i Geologia Aplicada, Facultat de Ciències de la Terra, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), C/ Martí i Franquès, s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; Serra Hunter Fellow, Generalitat de Catalunya, Spain
| | - Alberto Carletti
- Department of Chemical and Geological Science, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, Blocco A - S.P. Monserrato-Sestu, km 0.700, Italy; Desertification Research Group (NRD), University of Sassari, Viale Italia, 07100 Sassari, Italy; Department of Agriculture, University of Sassari, Viale Italia 39, 07100 Sassari, Italy
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10
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Jódar J, González-Ramón A, Martos-Rosillo S, Heredia J, Herrera C, Urrutia J, Caballero Y, Zabaleta A, Antigüedad I, Custodio E, Lambán LJ. Snowmelt as a determinant factor in the hydrogeological behaviour of high mountain karst aquifers: The Garcés karst system, Central Pyrenees (Spain). Sci Total Environ 2020; 748:141363. [PMID: 32823224 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Time series of environmental tracers (groundwater stable isotope composition, electrical conductivity and temperature) and concentration breakthrough curves of artificial tracers (uranine, eosine, amino-G and naphtionate) have been analyzed to characterize fast preferential and slow matrix in-transit recharge flows in the Paleocene-Eocene limestone aquifer of the Ordesa and Monte Perdido National Park, an alpine karst system drained by a water table cave, a rare hydrological feature in high mountain karst systems with similar characteristics. Snowmelt favors the areal recharge of the system. This process is reflected in the large proportion of groundwater flowing through the connected porosity structure of the karst aquifer, which amounts the 75% of the total system water discharge. From the perspective of water resources recovery, the water capacity of the fissured-porous zone (matrix) represents 99% of the total karst system storage. The volume associated to the karst conduits is very small. The estimated mean travel times are 9 days for conduits and 475 days for connected porosity. These short travel times reveal high vulnerability of the karst system to pollutants in broad sense and a great impact of climate change on the associated water resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Jódar
- Geological and Mining Institute of Spain (IGME), Spain.
| | | | | | - J Heredia
- Geological and Mining Institute of Spain (IGME), Spain
| | - C Herrera
- Universidad Bernardo O'Higgins, Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo de Ecosistemas Hídricos, Santiago, Chile
| | - J Urrutia
- Department of Mining Engineering, Antofagasta University, Antofagasta, Chile
| | | | - A Zabaleta
- Hydro-Environmental Processes Group, Science and Technology Faculty, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Leioa 48940, Basque Country, Spain
| | - I Antigüedad
- Hydro-Environmental Processes Group, Science and Technology Faculty, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Leioa 48940, Basque Country, Spain
| | - E Custodio
- Groundwater Hydrology Group, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Catalonia (UPC) & Royal Academy of Sciences of Spain, Spain
| | - L J Lambán
- Geological and Mining Institute of Spain (IGME), Spain
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11
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Gao H, Lan W, Sun H, Hu Z. Annual study of hydraulic characteristics in surface flow constructed wetlands using hydrogen and oxygen stable isotope technology. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2020; 27:29502-29511. [PMID: 32445146 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-09122-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Complex flow patterns and hydraulic characteristics could reduce the utilization efficiency of constructed wetland (CW), and consequently, its pollutant removal performance. Thus, it is of great importance to explore the internal flow patterns of CWs. Isotopic molecules exist naturally in CWs and have special properties under liquid conditions; using hydrogen and oxygen isotope technology cannot only reduce secondary pollution but also reflect the hydraulic characteristics of CWs. In the present study, the annual variation of isotopic composition in field-scale CW was investigated to evaluate the long-term feasibility of stable isotopic technology characterizing hydraulic flow patterns. The relationship between nutrients concentration distribution and flow pattern variation in CW under different seasons was discussed as well. Results demonstrated that isotope 18O/16O distribution could be used to determine the internal flow pattern of CW throughout the year, except for preferential flow area of CWs in winter, since more hydraulic retention time is needed to ensure the change of water isotopes due to the small evaporation in winter. Lower ammonia nitrogen concentration was observed in the stagnant area, while the total phosphorus concentration of the stagnant area increased during winter. And more attention should be paid to aquatic plants during the CW design, since it has significant influence on the hydraulic flow patterns of CW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Gao
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Wei Lan
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Haimeng Sun
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
- Department of Environmental Science, College of Environmental Sciences & Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Zhen Hu
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China.
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12
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Stopelli E, Duyen VT, Mai TT, Trang PTK, Viet PH, Lightfoot A, Kipfer R, Schneider M, Eiche E, Kontny A, Neumann T, Glodowska M, Patzner M, Kappler A, Kleindienst S, Rathi B, Cirpka O, Bostick B, Prommer H, Winkel LHE, Berg M. Spatial and temporal evolution of groundwater arsenic contamination in the Red River delta, Vietnam: Interplay of mobilisation and retardation processes. Sci Total Environ 2020; 717:137143. [PMID: 32062264 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Geogenic arsenic (As) contamination of groundwater poses a major threat to global health, particularly in Asia. To mitigate this exposure, groundwater is increasingly extracted from low-As Pleistocene aquifers. This, however, disturbs groundwater flow and potentially draws high-As groundwater into low-As aquifers. Here we report a detailed characterisation of the Van Phuc aquifer in the Red River Delta region, Vietnam, where high-As groundwater from a Holocene aquifer is being drawn into a low-As Pleistocene aquifer. This study includes data from eight years (2010-2017) of groundwater observations to develop an understanding of the spatial and temporal evolution of the redox status and groundwater hydrochemistry. Arsenic concentrations were highly variable (0.5-510 μg/L) over spatial scales of <200 m. Five hydro(geo)chemical zones (indicated as A to E) were identified in the aquifer, each associated with specific As mobilisation and retardation processes. At the riverbank (zone A), As is mobilised from freshly deposited sediments where Fe(III)-reducing conditions occur. Arsenic is then transported across the Holocene aquifer (zone B), where the vertical intrusion of evaporative water, likely enriched in dissolved organic matter, promotes methanogenic conditions and further release of As (zone C). In the redox transition zone at the boundary of the two aquifers (zone D), groundwater arsenic concentrations decrease by sorption and incorporations onto Fe(II) carbonates and Fe(II)/Fe(III) (oxyhydr)oxides under reducing conditions. The sorption/incorporation of As onto Fe(III) minerals at the redox transition and in the Mn(IV)-reducing Pleistocene aquifer (zone E) has consistently kept As concentrations below 10 μg/L for the studied period of 2010-2017, and the location of the redox transition zone does not appear to have propagated significantly. Yet, the largest temporal hydrochemical changes were found in the Pleistocene aquifer caused by groundwater advection from the Holocene aquifer. This is critical and calls for detailed investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emiliano Stopelli
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Department Water Resources and Drinking Water, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland.
| | - Vu T Duyen
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Technology for Environmental Quality and Food Safety Control (KLATEFOS), VNU University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Tran T Mai
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Technology for Environmental Quality and Food Safety Control (KLATEFOS), VNU University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Pham T K Trang
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Technology for Environmental Quality and Food Safety Control (KLATEFOS), VNU University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Pham H Viet
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Technology for Environmental Quality and Food Safety Control (KLATEFOS), VNU University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Alexandra Lightfoot
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Department Water Resources and Drinking Water, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Rolf Kipfer
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Department Water Resources and Drinking Water, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Magnus Schneider
- Institute of Applied Geosciences, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Eiche
- Institute of Applied Geosciences, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Agnes Kontny
- Institute of Applied Geosciences, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Thomas Neumann
- Applied Geochemistry, Institute for Applied Geosciences, Technical University Berlin, 10587 Berlin, Germany
| | - Martyna Glodowska
- Geomicrobiology, Center for Applied Geosciences, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; Microbial Ecology, Center for Applied Geosciences, University of Tübingen, 72074 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Monique Patzner
- Geomicrobiology, Center for Applied Geosciences, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Andreas Kappler
- Geomicrobiology, Center for Applied Geosciences, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Sara Kleindienst
- Microbial Ecology, Center for Applied Geosciences, University of Tübingen, 72074 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Bhasker Rathi
- Hydrogeology, Center for Applied Geosciences, University of Tübingen, 72074 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Olaf Cirpka
- Hydrogeology, Center for Applied Geosciences, University of Tübingen, 72074 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Benjamin Bostick
- Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, Palisades, 10964, NY, USA
| | - Henning Prommer
- CSIRO Land and Water, 6014 Floreat, Western Australia, Australia; School of Earth Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Lenny H E Winkel
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Department Water Resources and Drinking Water, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland; Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Michael Berg
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Department Water Resources and Drinking Water, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland; UNESCO Chair on Groundwater Arsenic Within the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, School of Civil Engineering and Surveying, University of Southern Queensland, QLD 4350, Australia.
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Bryan E, Meredith KT, Baker A, Andersen MS, Post VEA, Treble PC. How water isotopes ( 18O, 2H, 3H) within an island freshwater lens respond to changes in rainfall. Water Res 2020; 170:115301. [PMID: 31765825 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2019.115301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 11/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Coastal aquifers provide an important source of water globally. Understanding how groundwater responds to changes in rainfall recharge is important for sustainable development. To this end, we investigate how water isotopes (18O, 2H, 3H) and chloride (Cl) concentrations within an island freshwater lens respond under varying rainfall conditions in a region experiencing climate change. Uniquely, this study presents a three year dataset of groundwater collected seasonally between May 2013 and August 2016 from ten wells. Variation in all tracers was observed. The Cl and tritium (3H) show opposing seasonal variation in some sections of the lens, with higher Cl observed in the austral summer when less rainfall occurs and evapotranspiration is highest. The opposite occurs in the austral winter months when 3H increases from atmospheric input via rainfall recharge, and Cl is diluted. An overall decline in 3H values and enrichment in stable water isotopes over the study period was also observed. This study shows that understanding groundwater of freshwater lenses should not rely on a single sampling campaign because seasonal variability is large. The identification of a dual recharge regime, with contributions from both winter rainfall and episodic events, has important implications for understanding the future fate of the freshwater lens on Rottnest Island. The finding that episodic rainfall is a major contributor to groundwater recharge is important and can only be assessed with a multi-year isotope dataset for groundwater and rainfall.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliza Bryan
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Lucas Heights, NSW, 2234, Australia; Connected Waters Initiative Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia; School of Biological Earth and Environmental Sciences, UNSW Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Karina T Meredith
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Lucas Heights, NSW, 2234, Australia; Connected Waters Initiative Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.
| | - Andy Baker
- Connected Waters Initiative Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia; School of Biological Earth and Environmental Sciences, UNSW Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Martin S Andersen
- Connected Waters Initiative Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia; School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, UNSW Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Vincent E A Post
- College of Science and Engineering and National Centre for Groundwater Research and Training, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Pauline C Treble
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Lucas Heights, NSW, 2234, Australia; Connected Waters Initiative Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
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Ocheltree TW, Mueller KM, Chesus K, LeCain DR, Kray JA, Blumenthal DM. Identification of suites of traits that explains drought resistance and phenological patterns of plants in a semi-arid grassland community. Oecologia 2020; 192:55-66. [PMID: 31932921 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-019-04567-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Grassland ecosystems are comprised of plants that occupy a wide array of phenological niches and vary considerably in their ability to resist the stress of seasonal soil-water deficits. Yet, the link between plant drought resistance and phenology remains unclear in perennial grassland ecosystems. To evaluate the role of soil water availability and plant drought tolerance in driving phenology, we measured leaf hydraulic conductance (Ksat), resistance to hydraulic failure (P50), leaf gas exchange, plant and soil water stable isotope ratios (δ18O), and several phenology metrics on ten perennial herbaceous species in mixed-grass prairie. The interaction between P50 and δ18O of xylem water explained 67% of differences in phenology, with lower P50 values associated with later season activity, but only among shallow-rooted species. In addition, stomatal control and high water-use efficiency also contributed to the late flowering and late senescence strategies of plants that had low P50 values and relied upon shallow soil water. Alternatively, plants with deeper roots did not possess drought-tolerant leaves, but had high hydraulic efficiency, contributing to their ability to efficiently move water longer distances while maintaining leaf water potential at relatively high values. The suites of traits that characterize these contrasting strategies provide a mechanistic link between phenology and plant-water relations; thus, these traits could help predict grassland community responses to changes in water availability, both temporally and vertically within the soil profile.
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Orellana S, Johansen AM, Gazis C. Geographic classification of U.S. Washington State wines using elemental and water isotope composition. Food Chem X 2019; 1:100007. [PMID: 31432007 PMCID: PMC6694863 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2019.100007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Revised: 01/05/2019] [Accepted: 01/26/2019] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Wine fraud leaves wineries vulnerable to damage in reputation and potential lost revenue. To reduce this risk for wines from Washington State (WA), USA, advanced analytical instrumentation and statistical methods were employed to geographically classify 133 wines from 4 major wine producing regions, including 70 wines from WA. Analyses of 37 elements and 2 water isotopes were performed with Triple Quadrupole Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry and Cavity Ring-Down Spectroscopy, respectively. Linear discriminant analysis resulted in 96.2% discrimination, achieved with 11 parameters (Mn, Zn, Pb, Ni, As, D/H, La, Ce, Si, Zr and Sr) that were linearly combined into 3 functions. WA wines were uniquely distinguished in large part with low D/H ratios and Mn concentrations derived from the isotopically light precipitation and volcanic loess soils encountered in this region, respectively. This study is the first of its kind to focus on the authentication of WA wines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirley Orellana
- Department of Chemistry, Central Washington University, 400 E. University Way, Ellensburg, WA 98926, United States
| | - Anne M Johansen
- Department of Chemistry, Central Washington University, 400 E. University Way, Ellensburg, WA 98926, United States
| | - Carey Gazis
- Department of Geological Sciences, Central Washington University, 400 E. University Way, Ellensburg, WA 98926, United States
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Bandara UGC, Diyabalanage S, Hanke C, van Geldern R, Barth JAC, Chandrajith R. Arsenic-rich shallow groundwater in sandy aquifer systems buffered by rising carbonate waters: A geochemical case study from Mannar Island, Sri Lanka. Sci Total Environ 2018; 633:1352-1359. [PMID: 29758887 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.03.226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2017] [Revised: 03/18/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Major ion, trace elements, and stable isotope analyses were performed on groundwater samples collected from Mannar Island in the northern Indian Ocean. Arsenic concentrations up to 34μg/L have been observed in groundwater samples from the island. In addition, 23% of extensively used shallow drinking water wells showed higher arsenic contents than the recommended value by the World Health Organization (10μg/L). Groundwater in the island showed pH values between 6.9 and 8.9 and was dominated by Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, HCO3-, Cl- and SO42-. The δ18OH2O and δ2HH2O composition of most groundwater plotted very close to the local meteoric waterline, however, some wells showed enriched isotope compositions that are most likely due to evaporation. Sea water intrusion in this island was likely of minor importance as indicated by the major ion composition. An approximated mass balance calculation using chloride concentrations indicated that out of the 35 investigated wells only 6 near-shore wells were influenced by sea water intrusion up to about 15%. Even though this is a sandy aquifer, groundwaters were characterized with higher contents of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) (2.11-10.9mmol/L). The corresponding δ13CDIC values varied from -19.4‰ to -6.5‰. Except for a few samples with values approaching -20‰, these isotope values are more typical for carbonate dissolution and equilibration of CO2 in the aquifer. This study shows that the underlying carbonate system may buffer the aqueous geochemistry of the groundwater on the island. The high arsenic content in groundwater may have been mobilized through reductive dissolution of Fe-Mn oxides and oxy-hydroxides that are coated on sandy aquifer materials. The lower content of DOC (0.2-1.5mmol/L) provides evidence for the restricted formation of pyrite in the aquifer.
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Affiliation(s)
- U G C Bandara
- National Water Supply and Drainage Board, Telewala Road, Ratmalana, Sri Lanka; Postgraduate Institute of Science, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
| | - Saranga Diyabalanage
- Postgraduate Institute of Science, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka; Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, University of Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
| | - Christian Hanke
- Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU), Department of Geography and Geosciences, GeoZentrum Nordbayern, Schlossgarten 5, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Robert van Geldern
- Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU), Department of Geography and Geosciences, GeoZentrum Nordbayern, Schlossgarten 5, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Johannes A C Barth
- Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU), Department of Geography and Geosciences, GeoZentrum Nordbayern, Schlossgarten 5, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Rohana Chandrajith
- Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, University of Peradeniya, Sri Lanka.
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Plavcová L, Hronková M, Šimková M, Květoň J, Vráblová M, Kubásek J, Šantrůček J. Seasonal variation of δ 18O and δ 2H in leaf water of Fagus sylvatica L. and related water compartments. J Plant Physiol 2018; 227:56-65. [PMID: 29606360 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2018.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The study aims to assess variability in leaf water isotopic enrichment occurring in the field under natural conditions. We focused on seasonal variation and difference between sun-exposed and shaded leaves. Isotopic composition (δ18O, δ2H) of leaf water was monitored in a beech tree (Fagus sylvatica L.) growing in the forest-meadow ecotone together with δ18O (2H) of water compartments which are in close relation to this signal, namely twig and soil water. The sampling was carried out in approximately two-week intervals during five consecutive vegetation seasons. The δ18O (2H) data showed a distinct seasonal pattern and a consistency in relative differences between the seasons and sample categories. Leaf water was the most isotopically enriched water compartment. The leaf water enrichment decreased toward the autumn reflecting the change in δ18O (2H) of source water and evaporative demands. The soil and twig water isotopic signal was depleted against current precipitation as it partly retained the isotopic signature from winter precipitation however the seasonal pattern of soil and twig water followed that of precipitation. No significant differences between sun-exposed and shaded samples were detected. Nevertheless, the observed strong seasonal pattern of isotope composition of leaf, twig and soil water should be taken into account when using leaf water enrichment for further calculations or modeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lenka Plavcová
- University of Hradec Králové, Faculty of Science, Rokitanského 62, CZ-50003, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Marie Hronková
- University of South Bohemia, Faculty of Science, Branišovská 31, CZ-37005, České Budějovice, Czech Republic; Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Branišovská 31, CZ-37005, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Marie Šimková
- Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Branišovská 31, CZ-37005, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Květoň
- University of South Bohemia, Faculty of Science, Branišovská 31, CZ-37005, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Vráblová
- University of South Bohemia, Faculty of Science, Branišovská 31, CZ-37005, České Budějovice, Czech Republic; VSB - Technical University of Ostrava, Institute of Environmental Technology, 17. listopadu 15, CZ-70833, Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Kubásek
- University of South Bohemia, Faculty of Science, Branišovská 31, CZ-37005, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Šantrůček
- University of South Bohemia, Faculty of Science, Branišovská 31, CZ-37005, České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
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Jódar J, Custodio E, Lambán LJ, Martos-Rosillo S, Herrera-Lameli C, Sapriza-Azuri G. Vertical variation in the amplitude of the seasonal isotopic content of rainfall as a tool to jointly estimate the groundwater recharge zone and transit times in the Ordesa and Monte Perdido National Park aquifer system, north-eastern Spain. Sci Total Environ 2016; 573:505-517. [PMID: 27572542 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.08.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Revised: 08/17/2016] [Accepted: 08/17/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The time series of stable water isotope composition relative to meteorological stations and springs located in the high mountainous zone of the Ordesa and Monte Perdido National Park are analyzed in order to study how the seasonal isotopic content of precipitation propagates through the hydrogeological system in terms of the aquifer recharge zone elevation and transit time. The amplitude of the seasonal isotopic composition of precipitation and the mean isotopic content in rainfall vary along a vertical transect, with altitudinal slopes for δ18O of 0.9‰/km for seasonal amplitude and -2.2‰/km for isotopic content. The main recharge zone elevation for the sampled springs is between 1950 and 2600m·a.s.l. The water transit time for the sampled springs ranges from 1.1 to 4.5yr, with an average value of 1.85yr and a standard deviation of 0.8yr. The hydrological system tends to behave as a mixing reservoir.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Jódar
- Groundwater Hydrology Group, Dept. Civil and Environmental Eng., Technical University of Catalonia (UPC), Hydromodel Host S.L. and Aquageo Proyectos S.L., Spain.
| | - Emilio Custodio
- Groundwater Hydrology Group, Dept. Civil and Environmental Eng., Technical University of Catalonia (UPC), Royal Academy of Sciences of Spain, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Gonzalo Sapriza-Azuri
- Departamento del Agua, Centro Universitario Región Litoral Norte, Universidad de la República del Uruguay, Salto, Uruguay
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