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Bezerra EDES, Diefenthaeler F, Nunes JP, Sakugawa RL, Heberle I, Moura BM, Moro ARP, Marcolin G, Paoli A. Influence of Trunk Position during Three Lunge Exercises on Muscular Activation in Trained Women. Int J Exerc Sci 2021; 14:202-210. [PMID: 34055138 PMCID: PMC8136561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to compare the activation of the lower lumbar erector spinae, gluteus maximus, biceps femoris, and rectus femoris in two trunk positions (straight, and inclined) during three lunge exercises (static, step-forwarding, and walking) in trained young women in a randomized crossover design. Twelve women (24 ± 3 years) were selected and performed the lunge exercise with an overload of 30% of body weight in six conditions to analyze muscle activation via surface electromyography signals. Higher activation in the erector spinae (%MVIC) were observed (p < 0.05) when trunk position was inclined (straight = 20 ± 15, inclined = 40 ± 29) and during the walking lunge condition (static = 24 ± 16, forward = 26 ± 22, walking = 40 ± 33). Higher activation in the gluteus maximus was observed during step-forward and walking lunges conditions (static = 31 ± 12, forward = 54 ± 20, walking = 58 ± 30). All conditions displayed similar activations in the biceps femoris and rectus femoris (p > 0.05). Results indicate that positioning the trunk in a forward-inclined position induces greater lower lumbar erector spinae activation and dynamic lunge variations elicit greater muscular activation in the gluteus maximus than static lunges. Additionally, it seems that trunk and exercise variations do not influence the activation of tight muscles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewertton DE S Bezerra
- Biomechanics Laboratory, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, BRAZIL
- Human Performance Laboratory, Federal University of Amazonas, Manaus, BRAZIL
| | | | - João Pedro Nunes
- Metabolism, Nutrition, and Exercise Laboratory, Physical Education and Sport Center, Londrina State University, Londrina, BRAZIL
| | - Raphael L Sakugawa
- Biomechanics Laboratory, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, BRAZIL
| | - Isabel Heberle
- Biomechanics Laboratory, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, BRAZIL
| | - Bruno M Moura
- Biomechanics Laboratory, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, BRAZIL
| | - Antônio R P Moro
- Biomechanics Laboratory, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, BRAZIL
| | - Giuseppe Marcolin
- Nutrition and Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, ITALY
| | - Antonio Paoli
- Nutrition and Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, ITALY
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Weldon A, Mak JTS, Wong ST, Duncan MJ, Clarke ND, Bishop C. Strength and Conditioning Practices and Perspectives of Volleyball Coaches and Players. Sports (Basel) 2021; 9:28. [PMID: 33668464 PMCID: PMC7917682 DOI: 10.3390/sports9020028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Revised: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
To the authors' knowledge this is the first study to describe the strength and conditioning (S&C) practices and perspectives of volleyball coaches and players. In total, 30 volleyball coaches (mean age 34.47 ± 7.83 years and coaching experience 19.57 ± 8.28 years), and 30 volleyball players (mean age 22.03 ± 4.43 years and playing experience 10.43 ± 8.98 years) completed an online survey with six sections: (a) informed consent; (b) background information; (c) education, qualifications, and prescription; (d) views on S&C; (e) exercise selection and preferences; and (f) issues and improvements. Frequency analysis was used to report responses to fixed-response questions and thematic-analysis for open-ended questions. While only one participant possessed an S&C certification, S&C was deemed 'important' to 'very important' for volleyball skills, physical fitness, and injury parameters. However, due to a reported lack of expertise, there appeared to be a theoretical understanding to practice gap. Furthermore, the implementation of S&C was considerably hindered by a lack of time, facilities, and equipment. National sports associations, coaches, and players can use the information within this study to provide an understanding of the current practices and perspectives of S&C in volleyball. While also promoting future developments in volleyball related S&C research and practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Weldon
- Faculty of Management and Hospitality, Department of Sports and Recreation, The Technological and Higher Education Institute of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (J.T.S.M.); (S.T.W.)
| | - Jason T. S. Mak
- Faculty of Management and Hospitality, Department of Sports and Recreation, The Technological and Higher Education Institute of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (J.T.S.M.); (S.T.W.)
| | - Sing T. Wong
- Faculty of Management and Hospitality, Department of Sports and Recreation, The Technological and Higher Education Institute of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (J.T.S.M.); (S.T.W.)
| | - Michael J. Duncan
- Centre for Sport, Exercise and Life Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry CV1 5FB, UK; (M.J.D.); (N.D.C.)
| | - Neil D. Clarke
- Centre for Sport, Exercise and Life Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry CV1 5FB, UK; (M.J.D.); (N.D.C.)
| | - Chris Bishop
- Faculty of Science and Technology, London Sports Institute, Middlesex University, London NW1 4RL, UK;
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Brigatto FA, DE Camargo JÚBB, DE Ungaro WF, Germano MD, Marchetti PH, Aoki MS, Braz TV, Lopes CR. Multi-joint vs. Single-joint Resistance Exercises Induce a Similar Strength Increase in Trained Men: A Randomized Longitudinal Crossover Study. Int J Exerc Sci 2020; 13:1677-1690. [PMID: 33414877 PMCID: PMC7745915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The type of exercise is a relevant resistance training-variable that might be manipulated in order to induce significant increases in muscle strength. The aim of this study was to analyze the influence of multi-joint vs single-joint resistance exercises on maximal strength. Sixteen resistance-trained men (age: 23.1 ± 4.4 years; body mass: 86.0 ± 12.8; height: 177.9 ± 6.4 cm; training experience: 4.2 ± 3.4 years) performed one of the following training protocols for six weeks: MULTI, consisting of only multi-joint exercises or SINGLE, consisting of only single-joint exercises. Subjects were then submitted to a three-week washout period, before being submitted to the other protocol for another six weeks. A linear periodization model was adopted in which external load was increased and the repetition range was decreased every two weeks. Maximal dynamic strength of bench press (1RMBENCH) and squat exercises (1RMSQUAT), a percentage variation of total load lifted (ΔTLL) and internal training load (ITL) were measured. Similar increases in 1RMBENCH (MULTI: 10.8%, p < 0.001; SINGLE: 5.5%, p < 0.001) and 1RMSQUAT (MULTI: 19.7%, p < 0.001; SINGLE: 19.0%, p < 0.001) were observed after the MULTI and SINGLE protocols. A decrease in TLL was detected for both exercise protocols; however, the SINGLE protocol induced a greater decrease, compared to the MULTI protocol (-35 ± 11% vs -42 ± 5%, respectively; p = 0.026). A greater ITL for the MULTI was observed when compared to the SINGLE (12.1%; p < 0.001). In conclusion, resistance training protocols with different exercise modalities seem to produce similar strength increases in resistance-trained men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe A Brigatto
- Human Performance Research Laboratory, Human Movement Sciences Postgraduate Program, Methodist University of Piracicaba, Piracicaba, BRAZIL
| | - JÚlio B B DE Camargo
- Human Performance Research Laboratory, Human Movement Sciences Postgraduate Program, Methodist University of Piracicaba, Piracicaba, BRAZIL
| | | | - MoisÉs D Germano
- Human Performance Research Laboratory, Human Movement Sciences Postgraduate Program, Methodist University of Piracicaba, Piracicaba, BRAZIL
| | - Paulo H Marchetti
- Department of Kinesiology, California State University-Northridge, Northridge, CA, USA
| | - Marcelo S Aoki
- School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities, University of São Paulo; São Paulo, BRAZIL
| | - Tiago V Braz
- Human Performance Research Laboratory, Human Movement Sciences Postgraduate Program, Methodist University of Piracicaba, Piracicaba, BRAZIL
| | - Charles R Lopes
- Human Performance Research Laboratory, Human Movement Sciences Postgraduate Program, Methodist University of Piracicaba, Piracicaba, BRAZIL
- Adventist Faculty of Hortolândia, Hortolândia, BRAZIL
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Nunes JP, Jacinto JL, Ribeiro AS, Mayhew JL, Nakamura M, Capel DMG, Santos LR, Santos L, Cyrino ES, Aguiar AF. Placing Greater Torque at Shorter or Longer Muscle Lengths? Effects of Cable vs. Barbell Preacher Curl Training on Muscular Strength and Hypertrophy in Young Adults. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020; 17:E5859. [PMID: 32823490 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17165859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Muscular strength and hypertrophy following resistance training may be obtained in different degrees depending on the approach performed. This study was designed to compare the responses of the biceps brachii to two preacher curl exercises, one performed on a cable-pulley system (CAB; in which a greater torque was applied during the exercise when elbows were flexed and biceps shortened) and one performed with a barbell (BAR; in which greater torque was applied when the elbows were extended and biceps stretched). Thirty-five young adults (CAB: 13 men, 5 women; BAR: 12 men, 5 women; age = 24 ± 5 years) performed a resistance training program three times per week for 10 weeks, with preacher curl exercises performed in three sets of 8–12 repetitions. Outcomes measured included elbow flexion peak isokinetic torque at angles of 20°, 60°, and 100° (considering 0° as elbow extended), and biceps brachii thickness (B-mode ultrasound). Following the training period, there were significant increases for both groups in elbow flexion peak torque at the 20° (CAB: 30%; BAR = 39%; p = 0.046), 60° (CAB: 27%; BAR = 32%; p = 0.874), and 100° (CAB: 17%; BAR = 19%; p = 0.728), and biceps brachii thickness (CAB: 7%; BAR = 8%; p = 0.346). In conclusion, gains in muscular strength were greater for BAR only at longer muscle length, whereas hypertrophy was similar regardless of whether torque emphasis was carried out in the final (CAB) or initial (BAR) degrees of the range of motion of the preacher curl in young adults.
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Barakat C, Barroso R, Alvarez M, Rauch J, Miller N, Bou-Sliman A, De Souza EO. The Effects of Varying Glenohumeral Joint Angle on Acute Volume Load, Muscle Activation, Swelling, and Echo-Intensity on the Biceps Brachii in Resistance-Trained Individuals. Sports (Basel) 2019; 7:sports7090204. [PMID: 31487841 PMCID: PMC6783981 DOI: 10.3390/sports7090204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 08/31/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a paucity of data on how manipulating joint angles during isolation exercises may impact overall session muscle activation and volume load in resistance-trained individuals. We investigated the acute effects of varying glenohumeral joint angle on the biceps brachii with a crossover repeated measure design with three different biceps curls. One session served as the positive control (CON), which subjects performed 9 sets of bicep curls with their shoulder in a neutral position. The experimental condition (VAR), varied the glenohumeral joint angle by performing 3 sets in shoulder extension (30°), 3 sets neutral (0°), and 3 sets in flexion (90°). Volume load and muscle activation (EMG) were recorded during the training sessions. Muscle swelling and strain were assessed via muscle thickness and echo-intensity responses at pre, post, 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h. There were no significant differences between conditions for most dependent variables. However, the overall session EMG amplitude was significantly higher (p = 0.0001) in VAR compared to CON condition (95%-CI: 8.4% to 23.3%). Our findings suggest that varying joint angles during resistance training (RT) may enhance total muscle activation without negatively affecting volume load within a training session in resistance-trained individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Barakat
- Department of Health Science and Human Performance, University of Tampa, Tampa, FL 33606, USA.
| | - Renato Barroso
- School of Physical Education, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-851, Brazil.
| | - Michael Alvarez
- Department of Health Science and Human Performance, University of Tampa, Tampa, FL 33606, USA.
| | - Jacob Rauch
- Department of Health Science and Human Performance, University of Tampa, Tampa, FL 33606, USA.
| | - Nicholas Miller
- Department of Health Science and Human Performance, University of Tampa, Tampa, FL 33606, USA.
| | - Anton Bou-Sliman
- Department of Health Science and Human Performance, University of Tampa, Tampa, FL 33606, USA.
| | - Eduardo O De Souza
- Department of Health Science and Human Performance, University of Tampa, Tampa, FL 33606, USA.
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Barbalho M, Coswig V, Raiol R, Fisher J, Steele J, Bianco A, Gentil P. Single joint exercises do not provide benefits in performance and anthropometric changes in recreational bodybuilders. Eur J Sport Sci 2019; 20:72-79. [PMID: 31072272 DOI: 10.1080/17461391.2019.1611932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to compare the changes in anthropometric measures and muscle performance in users and non-users of androgenic anabolic steroids (AAS) performing resistance training (RT) programmes involving only multiple joint (MJ) exercises or a combination of MJ and single joint (SJ) exercises. Thirty recreational bodybuilders were divided into 4 groups: non-AAS users performing only MJ exercises (MJ), non-AAS users performing MJ + SJ (MJ + SJ), AAS users performing only MJ exercises (AAS - MJ) and AAS users performing MJ + SJ exercises (AAS - MJ + SJ). Before and after 8 weeks of training, the participants were tested for 10 repetition maximum (10RM) in different RT exercises. Flexed arm circumference (FAC), biceps and triceps skinfolds were measured. No interactions were found between time and the performance of SJ exercise in any variable (p > .05). However, there was a significant interaction between AAS use and time (p < .001), such that AAS users showed greater 10RM gains in all exercises, skinfold decreases and increases in FAC than non-users. In conclusion, our study shows that the addition of SJ exercises to MJ exercises brings no additional benefit in terms of muscle performance and anthropometric changes in trained men, either if they were using AAS or not. These results suggest that trained men can save time not including SJ in their routines and still achieve optimal results. Moreover, our results show that AAS use is associated with greater increases in muscle strength and FAC and greater reductions in biceps and triceps skinfold thickness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matheus Barbalho
- Faculdade de Educação Física e Dança, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiania, Brasil
| | - Victor Coswig
- Faculdade de Educação Física, Universidade Federal do Pará, Castanhal, Pará, Brasil
| | - Rodolfo Raiol
- Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Centro Universitário do Estado do Pará, Belém, Pará, Brasil
| | - James Fisher
- Centre for Health, Exercise and Sport Science, Southampton Solent University, Southampton, UK
| | - James Steele
- Centre for Health, Exercise and Sport Science, Southampton Solent University, Southampton, UK
| | - Antonino Bianco
- Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Unit, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Paulo Gentil
- Faculdade de Educação Física e Dança, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiania, Brasil
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Goncalves A, Gentil P, Steele J, Giessing J, Paoli A, Fisher JP. Comparison of single- and multi-joint lower body resistance training upon strength increases in recreationally active males and females: a within-participant unilateral training study. Eur J Transl Myol 2019; 29:8052. [PMID: 31019663 PMCID: PMC6460214 DOI: 10.4081/ejtm.2019.8052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study compared strength increases resulting from either single-joint (SJ) or multi-joint (MJ) lower body resistance exercise. A within-participants design was utilised. Ten recreationally active participants (males; n=5, and females; n=5) had their lower limbs randomly allocated to perform both unilateral MJ (leg press; LP) and unilateral SJ (knee extension; KE, and seated knee flexion; KF) exercises. Participants trained 2 d.week-1 for 6 weeks. Pre- and post-intervention maximal strength (1-repetition maximum; 1RM) was measured for leg press, knee extension, and seated knee flexion exercises. Statistically significant strength increases occurred for both SJ and MJ groups, with significantly greater increases in 1RM for the MJ compared to the SJ group (p < 0.001 for all exercises). This study supports the use of MJ exercise for strength increases across lower body MJ and SJ movements, suggesting a time-efficient, and simple approach to resistance training may be efficacious. This might serve to promote greater adherence in the lay population as well as serving useful for rehabilitation professionals and strength and conditioning coaches in managing resistance exercise around skill/sport specific training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Goncalves
- School of Sport, Health and Social Science, Southampton Solent University, UK
| | - Paulo Gentil
- Faculty of Physical Education and Dance, Federal University of Goias, Brazil
| | - James Steele
- School of Sport, Health and Social Science, Southampton Solent University, UK.,ukactive Research Institute, London, UK
| | | | | | - James P Fisher
- School of Sport, Health and Social Science, Southampton Solent University, UK
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Barbalho M, Coswig VS, Raiol R, Steele J, Fisher J, Paoli A, Gentil P. Effects of Adding Single Joint Exercises to a Resistance Training Programme in Trained Women. Sports (Basel) 2018; 6:E160. [PMID: 30487418 PMCID: PMC6316221 DOI: 10.3390/sports6040160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Revised: 11/17/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present study's aim was to compare the changes in muscle performance and anthropometric measures in trained women performing RT programs composed only of MJ exercises or programmes that involve the addition of SJ exercises. METHODS Seventeen trained women were randomised to MJ or MJ+SJ. Both groups performed the same MJ exercises following a nonlinear periodisation model for 8 weeks. The only difference was that the MJ+SJ group also performed SJ exercises. The participants were tested for 10 repetition maximum (10 RM), flexed arm circumference, and both biceps and triceps skinfold. RESULTS Both groups significantly increased 10 RM load for the bench press (12.6% MJ and 9.2% MJ+SJ), triceps (15.6% MJ and 17.9% MJ+SJ), pull down (9.8% MJ and 8.3% MJ+SJ), biceps (14.0% MJ and 13.0% MJ+SJ), leg press (15.2% MJ and 12.8% MJ+SJ) and knee extension (10.2% MJ and 9.1% MJ+SJ). The decreases in triceps (-5.1% MJ and -5.3% MJ+SJ) and biceps (-6.5% MJ and -5.7% MJ+SJ) skinfolds were also significant as were the increases in arm circumference (1.47% MJ and 1.58% MJ+SJ). In all tests there was nothing significantly different between groups. CONCLUSIONS The use of SJ exercises as a complement to a RT programme containing MJ exercises brings no additional benefit to trained women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matheus Barbalho
- Faculdade de Educação Física e Dança, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia 74690-900, Brazil.
| | - Victor Silveira Coswig
- Faculdade de Educação Física, Universidade Federal do Pará, Castanhal 68746-630, Brazil.
| | - Rodolfo Raiol
- Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Centro Universitário do Pará, Belém 66040-020, Brazil.
| | - James Steele
- Ukactive Research Institute, London WC1R 4HE, UK.
- School of Sport, Health, and Social Science, Southampton Solent University, Southampton SO14 0AA, UK.
| | - James Fisher
- School of Sport, Health, and Social Science, Southampton Solent University, Southampton SO14 0AA, UK.
| | - Antonio Paoli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, 35100 Padua, Italy.
| | - Paulo Gentil
- Faculdade de Educação Física e Dança, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia 74690-900, Brazil.
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Barbalho M, Coswig VS, Raiol R, Steele J, Fisher JP, Paoli A, Bianco A, Gentil P. Does the addition of single joint exercises to a resistance training program improve changes in performance and anthropometric measures in untrained men? Eur J Transl Myol 2018; 28:7827. [PMID: 30662699 PMCID: PMC6317138 DOI: 10.4081/ejtm.2018.7827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study compared changes in muscle performance and anthropometric measures in young men performing resistance training (RT) programs composed of only multi joint (MJ) exercises, or with the addition of single joint (SJ) exercises (MJ+SJ). Twenty untrained men were randomized to MJ or MJ+SJ groups for 8 weeks. Both groups performed the same MJ exercises. The difference was that the MJ+SJ group added SJ exercises for upper and lower limbs. Participants were tested for 10 repetitions maximum (10RM), flexed arm circumference, and biceps and triceps skinfolds. Both groups significantly increased 10RM load for the bench press (MJ 38.5%, MJ+SJ 40.1%), elbow extension (MJ 28.7%, MJ+SJ 31.9%), pull down (MJ 34.0% MJ+SJ 38.5%), elbow flexion (MJ 38.2%, MJ+SJ 45.3%), leg press (MJ 40.8%, MJ+SJ 46.8%) and knee extension (MJ 26.9%, MJ+SJ 32.9%), with no significant difference between them. The decreases in biceps (MJ -3.6%, MJ+SJ -3.9%) and triceps (MJ -3.4%, MJ+SJ -3.3%) skinfolds were significant for both groups, with no difference between them. However, the flexed arm circumference increased significantly more for MJ+SJ (5.2%), than for MJ (4.0%). The use of SJ exercises as a complement to a RT program containing MJ exercises brings no additional benefit to untrained men in terms of muscle performance and skinfold reduction, though it promoted higher increases in arm circumference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matheus Barbalho
- Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde. Universidade da Amazônia, Belém, Pará, Brasil
- Faculdade de Educação Física e Dança, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Brasil
| | | | - Rodolfo Raiol
- Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde. Centro Universitário do Estado do Pará, Belém, Pará, Brasil
| | - James Steele
- Center for Health, Exercise and Sport Science, Southampton Solent University, Southampton, United Kingdom
- ukactive Research Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - James P Fisher
- Center for Health, Exercise and Sport Science, Southampton Solent University, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Antonio Paoli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Antonino Bianco
- Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Unit, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Paulo Gentil
- Faculdade de Educação Física e Dança, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Brasil
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de França HS, Branco PAN, Guedes Junior DP, Gentil P, Steele J, Teixeira CVLS. The effects of adding single-joint exercises to a multi-joint exercise resistance training program on upper body muscle strength and size in trained men. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2016; 40:822-6. [PMID: 26244600 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2015-0109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was compare changes in upper body muscle strength and size in trained men performing resistance training (RT) programs involving multi-joint plus single-joint (MJ+SJ) or only multi-joint (MJ) exercises. Twenty young men with at least 2 years of experience in RT were randomized in 2 groups: MJ+SJ (n = 10; age, 27.7 ± 6.6 years) and MJ (n = 10; age, 29.4 ± 4.6 years). Both groups trained for 8 weeks following a linear periodization model. Measures of elbow flexors and extensors 1-repetition maximum (1RM), flexed arm circumference (FAC), and arm muscle circumference (AMC) were taken pre- and post-training period. Both groups significantly increased 1RM for elbow flexion (4.99% and 6.42% for MJ and MJ+SJ, respectively), extension (10.60% vs 9.79%, for MJ and MJ+SJ, respectively), FAC (1.72% vs 1.45%, for MJ and MJ+SJ, respectively), and AMC (1.33% vs 3.17% for MJ and MJ+SJ, respectively). Comparison between groups revealed no significant difference in any variable. In conclusion, 8 weeks of RT involving MJ or MJ+SJ resulted in similar alterations in muscle strength and size in trained participants. Therefore, the addition of SJ exercises to a RT program involving MJ exercises does not seem to promote additional benefits to trained men, suggesting MJ-only RT to be a time-efficient approach.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Dilmar Pinto Guedes Junior
- a College of Physical Education and Sports, Santa Cecília University, 11045-907 Santos, Brazil.,b College of Physical Education, Metropolitan University, 11015-904 Santos, Brazil
| | - Paulo Gentil
- c College of Physical Education, University of Brasilia, 70910-900 Brasília, Brazil
| | - James Steele
- d Southampton Solent University, East Park Terrace, Southampton, UK
| | - Cauê Vazquez La Scala Teixeira
- e Department of Biosciences, Federal University of São Paulo, 11015-020 Santos, Brazil.,f College of Physical Education, Praia Grande College, 11703-200 Praia Grande, Brazil. zipcode-11700-000
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Abstract
THE GLUTEUS MEDIUS (Gmed) IS AN IMPORTANT MUSCLE AND, IF WEAK, CAN CAUSE KNEE, HIP, OR LOWER-BACK PATHOLOGIES. THIS ARTICLE REVIEWS METHODS OF Gmed STRENGTH ASSESSMENT, PROVIDES EXERCISES THAT TARGET THE Gmed BASED ON ELECTROMYOGRAPHY, PRESENTS HOW TO IMPLEMENT Gmed STRENGTHENING IN HEAVY RESISTANCE TRAINING PROGRAMS, AND EXPLAINS THE IMPORTANCE OF INCLUDING THESE EXERCISES IN THESE PROGRAMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petr Stastny
- Department of Sport, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - James J Tufano
- Department of Sport, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic;; Department of Exercise and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | - Artur Golas
- Department of Sports Training, The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education, Katowice, Poland; and
| | - Miroslav Petr
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
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