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Packer M. Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction in Heart Failure: Crazy, Stupid Love-and Maybe, Redemption. J Am Heart Assoc 2024; 13:e034642. [PMID: 38591329 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.124.034642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Milton Packer
- Baylor Heart and Vascular Institute Dallas TX USA
- Imperial College London UK
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2
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Yoshida T, Shoji S, Shiraishi Y, Kawana M, Kohno T, Inoue K, Fukuda K, Heidenreich PA, Kohsaka S. Hospital meal intake in acute heart failure patients and its association with long-term outcomes. Open Heart 2020; 7:openhrt-2020-001248. [PMID: 32393659 PMCID: PMC7223464 DOI: 10.1136/openhrt-2020-001248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Risk prediction for hospitalised heart failure (HF, HHF) patients remains suboptimal. We aimed to determine the prognostic value of hospital food intake (FI) immediately before discharge among HHF patients. Method We analysed the data of 255 HHF patients extracted from the records of a single university hospital. The FI percentage of the three meals the day before hospital discharge was averaged. Patients were stratified into adequate FI (100% consumption) and inadequate FI (less than 100% consumption) groups. The primary outcome was the composite of all-cause mortality and/or HF readmission within 1 year. Results Only 49.3% of HHF patients consumed 100% of their meals. Patients with inadequate FI were older; predominantly women; and had a lower body mass index, higher brain natriuretic peptide levels and Clinical Frailty Scale scores at discharge than those with adequate FI. Inadequate FI was significantly associated with adverse outcomes after adjustments (HR 2.00; 95% CI 1.09 to 3.67; p=0.026). The effect of interaction by ejection fraction (EF) was highly significant: HF with preserved EF (≥40%) was significantly associated with inadequate FI with adverse outcomes (HR 4.95; 95% CI 1.71 to 14.36; p=0.003) but HF with reduced EF (<40%) was not (HR 0.77; 95% CI 0.31 to 1.95; p=0.590). Conclusions The hospital FI assessment might be a simple, useful tool for predicting and stratifying risk for HHF patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taizo Yoshida
- Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Shoji
- Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Shiraishi
- Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masataka Kawana
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Takashi Kohno
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenji Inoue
- Department of Cardiology, Juntendo University Nerima Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiichi Fukuda
- Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Paul A Heidenreich
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Shun Kohsaka
- Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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3
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Hawley A, He J, Crabtree A, Iacovides S, Keeling P. The impact of an integrated heart failure service in a medium-sized district general hospital. Open Heart 2020; 7:openhrt-2019-001218. [PMID: 32393657 PMCID: PMC7223459 DOI: 10.1136/openhrt-2019-001218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Assessing the impact of a new integrated heart failure service (IHFS) in a medium-sized district general hospital (DGH) on heart failure (HF) mortality, readmission rates, and provision of HF care. Methods A retrospective, observational study encompassing all patients admitted with a diagnosis of HF over two 12-month periods before (2012/2013), and after (2015/2016) IHFS establishment. Results Total admissions for HF increased by 40% (385 vs 540), with a greater number admitted to the cardiology ward (231 vs 121). After IHFS implementation, patients were more likely to see a cardiologist (35.1% vs 43.7%, p=0.009), undergo echocardiography (70.1% vs 81.5%, p<0.001), be initiated on all three disease modifying HF medications (angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi), angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARB) and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRA)) in the heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) group (42% vs 99%, p<0.001) and receive specialist HF input (81.6% vs 85.4%, p=0.2). Both 30-day post-discharge mortality and HF related readmissions were significantly lower in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) (8.9% vs 3.1%, p=0.032, 58% reduction, p=0.043 respectively) with no-significant reductions in all other HF groups. In-patient mortality was similar. Length of stay in Cardiology wards increased from 8.4 to 12.7 days (p<0.001). Conclusion Establishment of an IHFS within a DGH with limited resources and only a modest service re-design has resulted in significantly improved provision of specialist in-patient care, use of HFrEF medications, early heart failure nurse follow-up, and is associated with a reduction in early mortality, particularly in the HFpEF cohort, and HF related readmissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alasdair Hawley
- Cardiology, Torbay and South Devon NHS Foundation Trust, Torquay, Devon, UK .,Medicine, Royal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation Trust, Exeter, Devon, UK
| | - Jingzhou He
- Cardiology, Royal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation Trust, Exeter, Devon, UK
| | - Alice Crabtree
- Medicine, Torbay and South Devon NHS Foundation Trust, Torquay, Torbay, UK
| | - Stelios Iacovides
- Cardiology, Torbay and South Devon NHS Foundation Trust, Torquay, Devon, UK
| | - Phil Keeling
- Cardiology, Torbay and South Devon NHS Foundation Trust, Torquay, Devon, UK
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4
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Yoshihisa A, Sato Y, Kanno Y, Takiguchi M, Yokokawa T, Abe S, Misaka T, Sato T, Oikawa M, Kobayashi A, Yamaki T, Kunii H, Takeishi Y. Prognostic impacts of changes in left ventricular ejection fraction in heart failure patients with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction. Open Heart 2020; 7:e001112. [PMID: 32341787 PMCID: PMC7174028 DOI: 10.1136/openhrt-2019-001112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background It has been reported that recovery of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) is associated with better prognosis in heart failure (HF) patients with reduced EF (rEF). However, change of LVEF has not yet been investigated in cases of HF with preserved EF (HFpEF). Methods and results Consecutive 1082 HFpEF patients, who had been admitted to hospital due to decompensated HF (EF >50% at the first LVEF assessment at discharge), were enrolled, and LVEF was reassessed within 6 months in the outpatient setting (second LVEF assessment). Among the HFpEF patients, LVEF of 758 patients remained above 50% (pEF group), 138 patients had LVEF of 40%–49% (midrange EF, mrEF group) and 186 patients had LVEF of less than 40% (rEF group). In the multivariable logistic regression analysis, younger age and presence of higher levels of troponin I were predictors of rEF (worsened HFpEF). In the Kaplan-Meier analysis, the cardiac event rate of the groups progressively increased from pEF, mrEF to rEF (log-rank, p<0.001), whereas all-cause mortality did not significantly differ among the groups. In the multivariable Cox proportional hazard analysis, rEF (vs pEF) was not a predictor of all-cause mortality, but an independent predictor of increased cardiac event rates (HR 1.424, 95% CI 1.020 to 1.861, p=0.039). Conclusion An initial assessment of LVEF and LVEF changes are important for deciding treatment and predicting prognosis in HFpEF patients. In addition, several confounding factors are associated with LVEF changes in worsened HFpEF patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiomi Yoshihisa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan.,Department of Advanced Cardiac Therapeutics, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Yu Sato
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Yuki Kanno
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Mai Takiguchi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Yokokawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan.,Department of Pulmonary Hypertension, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Satoshi Abe
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Tomofumi Misaka
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan.,Department of Advanced Cardiac Therapeutics, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Takamasa Sato
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Oikawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kobayashi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Takayoshi Yamaki
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kunii
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Yasuchika Takeishi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
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5
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Nikolaidou T, Samuel NA, Marincowitz C, Fox DJ, Cleland JGF, Clark AL. Electrocardiographic characteristics in patients with heart failure and normal ejection fraction: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann Noninvasive Electrocardiol 2019; 25:e12710. [PMID: 31603593 PMCID: PMC7358891 DOI: 10.1111/anec.12710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2019] [Revised: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known about ECG abnormalities in patients with heart failure and normal ejection fraction (HeFNEF) and how they relate to different etiologies or outcomes. METHODS AND RESULTS We searched the literature for peer-reviewed studies describing ECG abnormalities in HeFNEF other than heart rhythm alone. Thirty five studies were identified and 32,006 participants. ECG abnormalities reported in patients with HeFNEF include atrial fibrillation (prevalence 12%-46%), long PR interval (11%-20%), left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH, 10%-30%), pathological Q waves (11%-18%), RBBB (6%-16%), LBBB (0%-8%), and long JTc (3%-4%). Atrial fibrillation is more common in patients with HeFNEF compared to those with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction (HeFREF). In contrast, long PR interval, LVH, Q waves, LBBB, and long JTc are more common in patients with HeFREF. A pooled effect estimate analysis showed that QRS duration ≥120 ms, although uncommon (13%-19%), is associated with worse outcomes in patients with HeFNEF. CONCLUSIONS There is high variability in the prevalence of ECG abnormalities in patients with HeFNEF. Atrial fibrillation is more common in patients with HeFNEF compared to those with HeFREF. QRS duration ≥120 ms is associated with worse outcomes in patients with HeFNEF. Further studies are needed to address whether ECG abnormalities correlate with different phenotypes in HeFNEF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theodora Nikolaidou
- Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Nathan A Samuel
- Department of Academic Cardiology, Castle Hill Hospital, University of Hull, Hull, UK
| | - Carl Marincowitz
- Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, University of York, York, UK
| | - David J Fox
- Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - John G F Cleland
- Robertson Institute of Biostatistics and Clinical Trials Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.,National Heart & Lung Institute and National Institute of Health Research Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Imperial College, Royal Brompton & Harefield Hospitals, London, UK
| | - Andrew L Clark
- Department of Academic Cardiology, Castle Hill Hospital, University of Hull, Hull, UK
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Londono-Hoyos F, Segers P, Hashmath Z, Oldland G, Koppula MR, Javaid K, Miller R, Bhuva R, Vasim I, Tariq A, Witschey W, Akers S, Chirinos JA. Non-invasive intraventricular pressure differences estimated with cardiac MRI in subjects without heart failure and with heart failure with reduced and preserved ejection fraction. Open Heart 2019; 6:e001088. [PMID: 31673389 PMCID: PMC6802988 DOI: 10.1136/openhrt-2019-001088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Revised: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Non-invasive assessment of left ventricular (LV) diastolic and systolic function is important to better understand physiological abnormalities in heart failure (HF). The spatiotemporal pattern of LV blood flow velocities during systole and diastole can be used to estimate intraventricular pressure differences (IVPDs). We aimed to demonstrate the feasibility of an MRI-based method to calculate systolic and diastolic IVPDs in subjects without heart failure (No-HF), and with HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). Methods We studied 159 subjects without HF, 47 subjects with HFrEF and 32 subjects with HFpEF. Diastolic and systolic intraventricular flow was measured using two-dimensional in-plane phase-contrast MRI. The Euler equation was solved to compute IVPDs in diastole (mitral base to apex) and systole (apex to LV outflow tract). Results Subjects with HFpEF demonstrated a higher magnitude of the early diastolic reversal of IVPDs (−1.30 mm Hg) compared with the No-HF group (−0.78 mm Hg) and the HFrEF group (−0.75 mm Hg; analysis of variance p=0.01). These differences persisted after adjustment for clinical variables, Doppler-echocardiographic parameters of diastolic filling and measures of LV structure (No-HF=−0.72; HFrEF=−0.87; HFpEF=−1.52 mm Hg; p=0.006). No significant differences in systolic IVPDs were found in adjusted models. IVPD parameters demonstrated only weak correlations with standard Doppler-echocardiographic parameters. Conclusions Our findings suggest distinct patterns of systolic and diastolic IVPDs in HFpEF and HFrEF, implying differences in the nature of diastolic dysfunction between the HF subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Londono-Hoyos
- Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.,Institute Biomedical Technology (IBiTech) - bioMMeda Research Group, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
| | - Patrick Segers
- Institute Biomedical Technology (IBiTech) - bioMMeda Research Group, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
| | - Zeba Hashmath
- Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Garrett Oldland
- Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.,Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VAMC, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Maheshwara Reddy Koppula
- Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Khuzaima Javaid
- Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VAMC, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Rachana Miller
- Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.,Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VAMC, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Rushikkumar Bhuva
- Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.,Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VAMC, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Izzah Vasim
- Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.,Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VAMC, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ali Tariq
- Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VAMC, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Walter Witschey
- Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Scott Akers
- Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VAMC, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Julio Alonso Chirinos
- Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.,Institute Biomedical Technology (IBiTech) - bioMMeda Research Group, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium.,Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VAMC, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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7
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Nielsen OW, Valeur N, Sajadieh A, Fabricius-Bjerre A, Carlsen CM, Kober L. Echocardiographic subtypes of heart failure in consecutive hospitalised patients with dyspnoea. Open Heart 2019; 6:e000928. [PMID: 31297224 PMCID: PMC6593198 DOI: 10.1136/openhrt-2018-000928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) involves half of hospitalised patients with heart failure (HF), but estimates vary due to unclear diagnostic criteria. We performed a prospective observational study of hospitalised patients admitted with dyspnoea. The aim was to apply contemporary guidelines to diagnose HF due to valvular disease (HFvhd), HF due to reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), HF due to midrange EF (HFmrEF) and HFpEF in relation to presumed cardiac or non-cardiac dyspnoea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olav Wendelboe Nielsen
- Department of Cardiology, Copenhagen University Hospital Bispebjerg, Copenhagen NV, Denmark
| | - Nana Valeur
- Department of Cardiology, Copenhagen University Hospital Bispebjerg, Copenhagen NV, Denmark
| | - Ahmad Sajadieh
- Department of Cardiology, Copenhagen University Hospital Bispebjerg, Copenhagen NV, Denmark
| | | | | | - Lars Kober
- Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
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8
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Tan ES, Chan SP, Xu CF, Yap J, Richards AM, Ling LH, Sim D, Jaufeerally F, Yeo D, Loh SY, Ong HY, Leong KTG, Ng TP, Nyunt SZ, Feng L, Okin P, Lam CS, Lim TW. Cornell product is an ECG marker of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Heart Asia 2019; 11:e011108. [PMID: 31244913 DOI: 10.1136/heartasia-2018-011108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Revised: 03/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Objective ECG markers of heart failure (HF) with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) are lacking. We hypothesised that the Cornell product (CP) is a risk marker of HFpEF and has prognostic utility in HFpEF. Methods CP =[(amplitude of R wave in aVL+depth of S wave in V3)×QRS] was measured on baseline 12-lead ECG in a prospective Asian population-based study of 606 healthy controls (aged 55±10 years, 45% men), 221 hypertensive controls (62±9 years, 58% men) and 242 HFpEF (68±12 years, 49% men); all with EF ≥50% and followed for 2 years for all-cause mortality and HF hospitalisations. Results CP increased across groups from healthy controls to hypertensive controls to HFpEF, and distinguished between HFpEF and hypertension with an optimal cut-off of ≥1800 mm*ms (sensitivity 40%, specificity 85%). Age, male sex, systolic blood pressure (SBP) and heart rate were independent predictors of CP ≥1800 mm*ms, and CP was associated with echocardiographic E/e' (r=0.27, p<0.01) and left ventricular mass index (r=0.46, p<0.01). Adjusting for clinical and echocardiographic variables and log N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), CP ≥1800 mm*ms was significantly associated with HFpEF (adjusted OR 2.7, 95% CI 1.0 to 7.0). At 2-year follow-up, there were 29 deaths and 61 HF hospitalisations, all within the HFpEF group. Even after adjusting for log NT-proBNP, clinical and echocardiographic variables, CP ≥1800 mm*ms remained strongly associated with a higher composite endpoint of all-cause mortality and HF hospitalisations (adjusted HR 2.1, 95% CI 1.2 to 3.5). Conclusion The Cornell product is an easily applicable ECG marker of HFpEF and predicts poor prognosis by reflecting the severity of diastolic dysfunction and LV hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugene Sj Tan
- Department of Cardiology, National University Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Siew Pang Chan
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, National University Healthy System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chang Fen Xu
- Department of Cardiology, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jonathan Yap
- Department of Cardiology, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Arthur Mark Richards
- Department of Cardiology, National University Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, National University Healthy System, Singapore, Singapore.,Christchurch Heart Institute, University of Otago, Otago, New Zealand
| | - Lieng Hsi Ling
- Department of Cardiology, National University Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - David Sim
- Department of Cardiology, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Medicine, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Fazlur Jaufeerally
- Department of Medicine, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Internal Medicine, Singapre General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Daniel Yeo
- Department of Cardiology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Seet Yoong Loh
- Department of Cardiology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hean Yee Ong
- Department of Cardiology, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Tze Pin Ng
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shwe Zin Nyunt
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Liang Feng
- Department of Medicine, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Peter Okin
- Department of Cardiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Carolyn Sp Lam
- Department of Cardiology, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Medicine, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Toon Wei Lim
- Department of Cardiology, National University Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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9
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Boralkar KA, Kobayashi Y, Moneghetti KJ, Pargaonkar VS, Tuzovic M, Krishnan G, Wheeler MT, Banerjee D, Kuznetsova T, Horne BD, Knowlton KU, Heidenreich PA, Haddad F. Improving risk stratification in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction by combining two validated risk scores. Open Heart 2019; 6:e000961. [PMID: 31217994 PMCID: PMC6546198 DOI: 10.1136/openhrt-2018-000961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The Intermountain Risk Score (IMRS) was developed and validated to predict short-term and long-term mortality in hospitalised patients using demographics and commonly available laboratory data. In this study, we sought to determine whether the IMRS also predicts all-cause mortality in patients hospitalised with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) and whether it is complementary to the Get with the Guidelines Heart Failure (GWTG-HF) risk score or N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP). Methods and results We used the Stanford Translational Research Integrated Database Environment to identify 3847 adult patients with a diagnosis of HFpEF between January 1998 and December 2016. Of these, 580 were hospitalised with a primary diagnosis of acute HFpEF. Mean age was 76±16 years, the majority being female (58%), with a high prevalence of diabetes mellitus (36%) and a history of coronary artery disease (60%). Over a median follow-up of 2.0 years, 140 (24%) patients died. On multivariable analysis, the IMRS and GWTG-HF risk score were independently associated with all-cause mortality (standardised HRs IMRS (1.55 (95% CI 1.27 to 1.93)); GWTG-HF (1.60 (95% CI 1.27 to 2.01))). Combining the two scores, improved the net reclassification over GWTG-HF alone by 36.2%. In patients with available NT-proBNP (n=341), NT-proBNP improved the net reclassification of each score by 46.2% (IMRS) and 36.3% (GWTG-HF). Conclusion IMRS and GWTG-HF risk scores, along with NT-proBNP, play a complementary role in predicting outcome in patients hospitalised with HFpEF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalyani Anil Boralkar
- Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Yukari Kobayashi
- Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Kegan J Moneghetti
- Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Vedant S Pargaonkar
- Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Mirela Tuzovic
- Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Gomathi Krishnan
- Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Matthew T Wheeler
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Dipanjan Banerjee
- Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Tatiana Kuznetsova
- Research Unit Hypertension and Cardiovascular Epidemiology KU Leuven, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Benjamin D Horne
- Intermountain Heart Institute, Intermountain Medical Center, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Kirk U Knowlton
- Cardiovascular Diseases, Intermountain Medical Center, Murray, Utah, USA
| | - Paul A Heidenreich
- Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Francois Haddad
- Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
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10
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Kamai T, Tokura Y, Uematsu T, Sakamoto K, Suzuki I, Takei K, Narimatsu T, Kambara T, Yuki H, Betsunoh H, Abe H, Fukabori Y, Yashi M, Yoshida KI. Elevated serum levels of cardiovascular biomarkers are associated with progression of renal cancer. Open Heart 2018; 5:e000666. [PMID: 29344375 PMCID: PMC5761308 DOI: 10.1136/openhrt-2017-000666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Revised: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a hypervascular tumour due to high constitutive production of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), which is activated by hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF). Elevated levels of cardiovascular peptides, including brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), have been reported in patients with cancer, regardless of whether they have overt cardiovascular disease. Furthermore, it has been demonstrated that hypoxia stimulates BNP production by an HIF-dependent manner. However, the clinical implications of such cardiovascular peptides in patients with RCC have not been assessed. Methods In patients with clear cell RCC who underwent nephrectomy, we investigated the relationship between the serum level of BNP or N-terminal pro-BNP (NT-proBNP) and various clinicopathological characteristics, including serum VEGF and expression of BNP and HIF-2 alpha in the primary tumour. Results Elevated preoperative serum levels of BNP, NT-proBNP and VEGF, as well as increased tumour expression of HIF-2 alpha, were associated with a worse performance status, local invasion, distant metastasis and shorter overall survival. HIF-2 alpha expression showed a positive correlation with the preoperative serum VEGF level, while there was no relation between the serum levels of BNP/NT-proBNP and VEGF or tumour expression of HIF-2 alpha. BNP expression was very low in both tumour tissues and normal kidney tissues. Serum levels of BNP, NT-proBNP and VEGF all decreased significantly after nephrectomy. Conclusions Our findings suggested that the preoperative serum levels of BNP and NT-proBNP are markers of tumour progression, as well as indicators of subclinical functional and structural myocardial damage in patients with advanced RCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takao Kamai
- Department of Urology, Dokkyo Medical University, Mibu, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Yuumi Tokura
- Department of Urology, Dokkyo Medical University, Mibu, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Toshitaka Uematsu
- Department of Urology, Dokkyo Medical University, Mibu, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Kazumasa Sakamoto
- Department of Urology, Dokkyo Medical University, Mibu, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Issei Suzuki
- Department of Urology, Dokkyo Medical University, Mibu, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Kohei Takei
- Department of Urology, Dokkyo Medical University, Mibu, Tochigi, Japan
| | | | - Tsunehito Kambara
- Department of Urology, Dokkyo Medical University, Mibu, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Hideo Yuki
- Department of Urology, Dokkyo Medical University, Mibu, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Hironori Betsunoh
- Department of Urology, Dokkyo Medical University, Mibu, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Abe
- Department of Urology, Dokkyo Medical University, Mibu, Tochigi, Japan
| | | | - Masahiro Yashi
- Department of Urology, Dokkyo Medical University, Mibu, Tochigi, Japan
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11
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Meluzin J, Gregorova Z, Spinarova M, Panovsky R. Can we diagnose isolated, exercise-induced heart failure with normal ejection fraction? Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub 2015; 159:513-8. [PMID: 25690524 DOI: 10.5507/bp.2014.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2014] [Accepted: 12/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A significant proportion of patients with exertional dyspnea require exercise to diagnose heart failure with normal ejection fraction (HFNEF). METHODS AND RESULTS In this review article, we evaluate current data on the prevalence, clinical significance and specifically the establishment of a diagnosis of isolated, exercise-induced HFNEF. Despite the unquestioned clinical importance and high prevalence of exercise-induced HFNEF, there are limited and conflicting data on making a diagnosis of exercise-induced HFNEF. This mostly relies on the evidence of exercise-induced elevation in left ventricular filling pressure (LVFP). At present, there is no agreement on the ability of exercise echocardiographic parameteres to predict exercise-induced LVFP elevation. In addition, even invasively measured exercise LVFP faces the problem of defining normal exercise LVFP values. More data and probably new diagnostic approaches are necessary to reliably diagnose exercise HFNEF. CONCLUSIONS There are conflicting results and significant problems associated with the diagnosis of exercise HFNEF. This review hopefully will encourage further research in this difficult but clinically important area of heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaroslav Meluzin
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, St. Anne´s University Hospital, ICRC, Brno, Czech Republic.,Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Zdenka Gregorova
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, St. Anne´s University Hospital, ICRC, Brno, Czech Republic.,Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Monika Spinarova
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, St. Anne´s University Hospital, ICRC, Brno, Czech Republic.,Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Roman Panovsky
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, St. Anne´s University Hospital, ICRC, Brno, Czech Republic.,Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
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12
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Matsubara J, Sugiyama S, Nozaki T, Akiyama E, Matsuzawa Y, Kurokawa H, Maeda H, Fujisue K, Sugamura K, Yamamoto E, Matsui K, Jinnouchi H, Ogawa H. Incremental prognostic significance of the elevated levels of pentraxin 3 in patients with heart failure with normal left ventricular ejection fraction. J Am Heart Assoc 2014; 3:jah3589. [PMID: 25012287 PMCID: PMC4310378 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.114.000928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Background Pentraxin 3 (PTX3) is a novel inflammatory marker produced by various cell types including those of the vasculature and the heart. The relationship between inflammatory markers and prognosis of patients with heart failure with normal ejection fraction (HFNEF) remains unknown. We investigated whether plasma PTX3 levels can predict future cardiovascular events in patients with HFNEF. Methods and Results Plasma PTX3, high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein, and B‐type natriuretic peptide levels were measured prospectively in 360 stable patients with HFNEF. The subsequent incidence of cardiovascular events, including cardiovascular death, nonfatal myocardial infarction (MI), unstable angina pectoris, nonfatal ischemic stroke, hospitalization for heart failure decompensation, and coronary revascularization, was determined. During a mean 30‐month follow‐up, 106 patients experienced cardiovascular events. These events were more frequent in patients with high plasma PTX3 levels (>3.0 ng/mL) than low levels (≤3.0 ng/mL). Multivariable Cox hazard analysis showed that PTX3 (hazard ratio: 1.16; 95% CI: 1.05 to 1.27; P<0.01) and B‐type natriuretic peptide (hazard ratio: 1.08; 95% CI: 1.03 to 1.14; P<0.001), but not high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein levels, were significant predictors of future cardiovascular events. Multivariable Cox analysis with the forced inclusion model, including 5 previously identified prognostic factors, found that PTX3 was a significant predictor of cardiovascular events (hazard ratio: 1.16; 95% CI: 1.06 to 1.27; P<0.01). The C‐statistics for cardiovascular events substantially increased from 0.617 to 0.683 when PTX3 was added to the 5 previously identified prognostic factors. Conclusions High plasma PTX3 levels, but not other inflammatory markers, are correlated with future cardiovascular events in patients with HFNEF. PTX3 may be a useful biomarker for assessment of risk stratification in HFNEF. Clinical Trial Registration URL: http://www.umin.ac.jp; Unique identifier: UMIN000002170.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junichi Matsubara
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan (J.M., S.S., T.N., E.A., H.K., H.M., K.F., K.S., E.Y., H.O.)
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Hospital Organization Kumamoto Medical Center, Kumamoto, Japan (J.M.)
| | - Seigo Sugiyama
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan (J.M., S.S., T.N., E.A., H.K., H.M., K.F., K.S., E.Y., H.O.)
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, and Diabetes Care Center, Jinnouchi Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan (S.S., H.J.)
| | - Toshimitsu Nozaki
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan (J.M., S.S., T.N., E.A., H.K., H.M., K.F., K.S., E.Y., H.O.)
| | - Eiichi Akiyama
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan (J.M., S.S., T.N., E.A., H.K., H.M., K.F., K.S., E.Y., H.O.)
| | - Yasushi Matsuzawa
- Division of Cardiology, Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan (Y.M.)
| | - Hirofumi Kurokawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan (J.M., S.S., T.N., E.A., H.K., H.M., K.F., K.S., E.Y., H.O.)
| | - Hirofumi Maeda
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan (J.M., S.S., T.N., E.A., H.K., H.M., K.F., K.S., E.Y., H.O.)
| | - Koichiro Fujisue
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan (J.M., S.S., T.N., E.A., H.K., H.M., K.F., K.S., E.Y., H.O.)
| | - Koichi Sugamura
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan (J.M., S.S., T.N., E.A., H.K., H.M., K.F., K.S., E.Y., H.O.)
| | - Eiichiro Yamamoto
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan (J.M., S.S., T.N., E.A., H.K., H.M., K.F., K.S., E.Y., H.O.)
| | - Kunihiko Matsui
- Department of Community Medicine, Kumamoto University Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan (K.M.)
| | - Hideaki Jinnouchi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, and Diabetes Care Center, Jinnouchi Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan (S.S., H.J.)
- Division of Preventive Cardiology, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kumamoto University Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan (H.J.)
| | - Hisao Ogawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan (J.M., S.S., T.N., E.A., H.K., H.M., K.F., K.S., E.Y., H.O.)
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Chen YH, Pai CW, Huang SW, Chang SN, Lin LY, Chiang FT, Lin JL, Hwang JJ, Tsai CT. Inactivation of Myosin binding protein C homolog in zebrafish as a model for human cardiac hypertrophy and diastolic dysfunction. J Am Heart Assoc 2013; 2:e000231. [PMID: 24047589 PMCID: PMC3835223 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.113.000231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Background Sudden cardiac death due to malignant ventricular arrhythmia is a devastating manifestation of cardiac hypertrophy. Sarcomere protein myosin binding protein C is functionally related to cardiac diastolic function and hypertrophy. Zebrafish is a better model to study human electrophysiology and arrhythmia than rodents because of the electrophysiological characteristics similar to those of humans. Methods and Results We established a zebrafish model of cardiac hypertrophy and diastolic dysfunction by genetic knockdown of myosin binding protein C gene (mybpc3) and investigated the electrophysiological phenotypes in this model. We found expression of zebrafish mybpc3 restrictively in the heart and slow muscle, and mybpc3 gene was evolutionally conservative with sequence homology between zebrafish and human mybpc3 genes. Zebrafish with genetic knockdown of mybpc3 by morpholino showed ventricular hypertrophy with increased myocardial wall thickness and diastolic heart failure, manifesting as decreased ventricular diastolic relaxation velocity, pericardial effusion, and dilatation of the atrium. In terms of electrophysiological phenotypes, mybpc3 knockdown fish had a longer ventricular action potential duration and slower ventricular diastolic calcium reuptake, both of which are typical electrophysiological features in human cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure. Impaired calcium reuptake resulted in increased susceptibility to calcium transient alternans and action potential duration alternans, which have been proved to be central to the genesis of malignant ventricular fibrillation and a sensitive marker of sudden cardiac death. Conclusions mybpc3 knockdown in zebrafish recapitulated the morphological, mechanical, and electrophysiological phenotypes of human cardiac hypertrophy and diastolic heart failure. Our study also first demonstrated arrhythmogenic cardiac alternans in cardiac hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yau-Hung Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Abstract
Increasing myocardial contractility has long been considered a big help for patients with systolic heart failure, conferring an augmented haemodynamic profile in terms of higher cardiac output, lower cardiac filling pressure and better organ perfusion. Though concerns have been raised over the safety issues regarding the clinical trials of different inotropes in hearts with systolic dysfunction, they still stand as a main therapeutic strategy in many centres dealing with such patients. They must be used as short in duration, low in dose and stopped as early as possible. Evidence-based guidelines have provided clinicians with valuable data for better applying inotropes in heart failure patients. In this paper, the authors address clinical trials with different agents used for increasing cardiac contractility in heart failure patients. Furthermore, the authors focus on recent guidelines on making the most out of inotropes in heart failure patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Amin
- Department of Heart failure and Transplantation, Rajaee Cardiovascular, Medical and Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid Maleki
- Department of Cardiology, Rajaee Cardiovascular, Medical and Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
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Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is a growing public health concern as a consequence of the ageing of the population and the improved survival of patients with HF. HF is defined as impaired organ perfusion and/or high filling pressure. It is a systemic and chronic disease and as such involves many organs, not least the liver and kidney. The complex vascular system of the liver and its high metabolic activity render it vulnerable to circulation disturbances and trigger many molecular and haemodynamic changes in patients. There are many studies describing the impact of liver disease on patient outcomes. Hepatic dysfunction is commonly seen in HF patients and is closely correlated with a poor outcome. Knowledge about the mechanisms and impacts of liver disease in HF helps us to know the stage of the disease and treat it properly. Moreover, many drugs and toxins that are metabolised in the liver and contribute to drug interactions should also be taken into account when prescribing medication for HF patients. In light of the above-mentioned points, the authors have compiled this review on congestive hepatopathy with the aim of providing physicians and cardiologists with a succinct and useful guide on the role of the liver in HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majid Maleki
- Department of Cardiology, Rajai Cardiovascular, Medical and Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farveh Vakilian
- Cardiology Department, Mashad University of Medical Science, Imam Reza Hospital, Mashad, Iran
| | - Ahmad Amin
- Heart Failure and Transplantation, Rajai Cardiovascular, Medical and Research Center, Iran
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Honda T, Ogata S, Ishii M. Incomplete Kawasaki disease: early findings consist of congestive heart failure due to valvular heart disease. Heart Asia 2011; 3:92. [PMID: 27326002 PMCID: PMC4898566 DOI: 10.1136/heartasia-2011-010002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Honda
- Department of Pediatrics, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Shohei Ogata
- Department of Pediatrics, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Masahiro Ishii
- Department of Pediatrics, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
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