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Khan S, Naeem A, Fritts A, Cummins M, Kayes C, Fang W. Discovery of Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (MTHFR) Deficiency in Individuals With Common Psychiatric Comorbidities: A Retrospective Case Review. Cureus 2024; 16:e58122. [PMID: 38738141 PMCID: PMC11088868 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.58122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION A retrospective analysis was conducted of a data set collected in an outpatient behavioral health clinic to assess medication metabolism and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) and to see if there was a correlation with certain diagnoses and/or gender. METHOD The outpatient routine completed genetic testing on their patients and the test results were later collected through a third-party company, which completed the pharmacogenomic test analyzing genetic variations in DNA, medication metabolism, and an MTHFR deficiency. RESULTS This study reviewed 186 patients seen in an outpatient setting who were tested for an MTHFR deficiency and compared their psychiatric diagnoses and the number of failed medication attempts. Of those 186 patients, 77 had normal MTHFR enzyme function, 85 were found to have a moderate MTHFR deficiency, and 24 had a severe MTHFR deficiency. Those with a severe MTHFR deficiency had a higher number of medication trials as compared to those without the deficiency and there were overall more patients with a moderate MTHFR deficiency in this data set. CONCLUSION Currently, MTHFR deficiency is not commonly tested due to lack of insurance coverage and provider knowledge, and due to the cost of the test itself. Thus, the diagnosis can often be missed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samira Khan
- Behavioral Health, West Virginia University (WVU) Berkeley Medical Center, Martinsburg, USA
| | - Abeera Naeem
- Behavioral Health and Psychiatry, West Virginia School of Osteopathic Medicine, Lewisburg, USA
| | - Alexia Fritts
- Behavioral Health, West Virginia University (WVU) Berkeley Medical Center, Martinsburg, USA
| | - Melissa Cummins
- Behavioral Health, West Virginia University (WVU) Berkeley Medical Center, Martinsburg, USA
| | - Caroline Kayes
- Behavioral Health, West Virginia University (WVU) Berkeley Medical Center, Martinsburg, USA
| | - Wei Fang
- Statistics, West Virginia University, Morgantown, USA
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Youngstrom EA, Young AS, Van Eck K, Stepanova E, Langfus JA, Carlson G, Findling RL. Developing Empirical Latent Profiles of Impulsive Aggression and Mood in Youths across Three Outpatient Samples. J Clin Child Adolesc Psychol 2023; 52:196-211. [PMID: 34125637 PMCID: PMC9173587 DOI: 10.1080/15374416.2021.1929251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Aggression with impulsivity and reactivity (AIR) may distinguish a subset of youth from those with attention problems, rule-breaking behavior, or mood disorders, potentially with differential treatment response. Yet, DSM-5 and ICD-10 do not include an AIR diagnosis. Thus, we empirically grouped youths into profiles based on AIR, manic, depressive, rule-breaking, and self-harm behaviors; examined which profiles replicated across three samples; and characterized profile sets on demographic and clinical features. METHOD After harmonizing data from three samples (n = 679, n = 392, n = 634), Latent Profile Analysis (LPA) assigned youth to profiles based on caregiver-reported measures of AIR, manic, depressive, rule-breaking, and self-harm behaviors. Profiles from each sample were grouped into sets based on profile similarity. Analyses tested differences in diagnoses, sex, and race, age, functioning, and mood severity. RESULTS Eight-profile solutions fit best. Seven profiles replicated across samples: high AIR and self-harm, lower depressive and manic scores; high AIR, manic symptoms, and self-harm; high depression symptoms; three smaller sets with high manic and depressive symptoms and moderate AIR; and two high rates of bipolar diagnoses and family bipolar history. Two sets were high on both AIR and mood symptoms, were the most impaired, and had the highest comorbidity. CONCLUSIONS Analyses support an empirical definition of AIR, separate from mood disorders. Profile sets distinguished by level of AIR and mood symptoms differed in demographic and diagnostic characteristics as well as functioning. Importantly, a set emerged with high AIR but low mood indicators and with high rates of ADHD and ODD, but not mood disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric A Youngstrom
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| | | | | | | | - Joshua A Langfus
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| | - Gabrielle Carlson
- Department of Psychiatry, State University of New York at Stony Brook
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Qin X, Zhang W, Xu S, Ma M, Fan X, Nie X, Liu J, Ju Y, Zhang L, Li L, Li H, Liu B, Zhang Y. Characteristics and related factors of family functioning in Chinese families during early pregnancy. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1102796. [PMID: 36874800 PMCID: PMC9975155 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1102796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Family functioning has been found to significantly impact each family member's health mentally, physically, and socially. A number of the research has focused on the impact of impaired family functioning in general, but limited studies explore family functioning in the vulnerable period, early pregnancy. Therefore, the study aimed to investigate the characteristics and related factors in Chinese females and partners during early pregnancy. Methods The cross-sectional study enrolled 226 pregnant women and 166 partners. Assessment tools included the McMaster Family Assessment Device (FAD), Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, Patient Health Questionnaire-9, Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-Item, Social Support Rating Scale, and Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire, Short Form. Correlation analysis was applied to investigate the related factors. Results In the present study, FAD-Behavior Control (BC) was the only dysfunctional dimension and had the highest dysfunctional rates than other dimensions. Length of time living with a partner, depressive and anxious symptoms, and quality of life were all associated with the dysfunctional family functioning of BC. Conclusions The study reinforced the important clues of family functioning during early pregnancy. Also, it provided new entry points for the general population and healthcare providers to minimize the negative impact that impaired family function might bring to a family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuemei Qin
- Department of Psychiatry, and National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Mental Health Institute of Central South University, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Hunan Technology Institute of Psychiatry, Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hunan Medical Center for Mental Health, Changsha, China
| | - Weiling Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, and National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Mental Health Institute of Central South University, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Hunan Technology Institute of Psychiatry, Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hunan Medical Center for Mental Health, Changsha, China
| | - Shuyin Xu
- Department of Psychiatry, and National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Mental Health Institute of Central South University, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Hunan Technology Institute of Psychiatry, Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hunan Medical Center for Mental Health, Changsha, China
| | - Mohan Ma
- Department of Psychiatry, and National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Mental Health Institute of Central South University, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Hunan Technology Institute of Psychiatry, Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hunan Medical Center for Mental Health, Changsha, China
| | - Xing Fan
- Changsha Hospital for Maternal and Child Health Care, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xueqing Nie
- Changsha Hospital for Maternal and Child Health Care, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jin Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, and National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Mental Health Institute of Central South University, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Hunan Technology Institute of Psychiatry, Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hunan Medical Center for Mental Health, Changsha, China
| | - Yumeng Ju
- Department of Psychiatry, and National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Mental Health Institute of Central South University, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Hunan Technology Institute of Psychiatry, Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hunan Medical Center for Mental Health, Changsha, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, and National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Mental Health Institute of Central South University, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Hunan Technology Institute of Psychiatry, Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hunan Medical Center for Mental Health, Changsha, China
| | - Lingjiang Li
- Department of Psychiatry, and National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Mental Health Institute of Central South University, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Hunan Technology Institute of Psychiatry, Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hunan Medical Center for Mental Health, Changsha, China
| | - HaoLun Li
- Department of Psychiatry, and National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Mental Health Institute of Central South University, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Hunan Technology Institute of Psychiatry, Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hunan Medical Center for Mental Health, Changsha, China
| | - Bangshan Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, and National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Mental Health Institute of Central South University, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Hunan Technology Institute of Psychiatry, Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hunan Medical Center for Mental Health, Changsha, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, and National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Mental Health Institute of Central South University, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Hunan Technology Institute of Psychiatry, Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hunan Medical Center for Mental Health, Changsha, China
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Palagini L, Miniati M, Marazziti D, Massa L, Grassi L, Geoffroy PA. Circadian Rhythm Alterations May be Related to Impaired Resilience, Emotional Dysregulation and to the Severity of Mood Features in Bipolar I and II Disorders. Clin Neuropsychiatry 2022; 19:174-186. [PMID: 35821870 PMCID: PMC9263680 DOI: 10.36131/cnfioritieditore20220306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Objective The study aimed to investigate the possible impact of resilience and emotion dysregulation on the clinical manifestations of bipolar disorders (BDs) focusing on the possible role of circadian rhythm alterations. Method A sample of 197 inpatients suffering from BD of type I (BDI) or II (BDII) were assessed during a major depressive episode using the Structural Clinical Interview for DSM-5 (SCID-5), the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), the Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS), Resilience Scale for Adults (RSA), Biological Rhythms Interview of Assessment in Neuropsychiatry (BRIAN), Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS) and the Scale for Suicide Ideation (SSI). Participants with or without circadian rhythm disturbances as measured with Biological Rhythms Interview of Assessment in Neuropsychiatry (BRIAN), were compared; regression and mediation analyses were computed. Results Participants with circadian rhythms disturbances showed a greater severity of depressive symptoms, of suicidal risk, lower resilience and more disturbances in emotion regulation including impulsivity and regulatory strategies. The logistic regression revealed that circadian rhythm disturbances was related to depressive symptoms (O.R. 4.0), suicidal risk (OR 2.51), emotion dysregulation (OR 2.28) and low resilience (OR 2.72). At the mediation analyses, circadian rhythm alterations showed an indirect effect on depressive symptoms by impairing resilience (Z= 3.17, p=0.0014)/ emotional regulation (Z= 4.36, p<0.001) and on suicidal risk by affecting resilience (Z= 2.00, p=0.045) and favoring impulsivity (Z= 2.14, p=0.032). Conclusions The present findings may show that circadian rhythm alterations might play a key role in BD manifestations, as being correlated with more severe clinical presentations of depressive symptoms, suicidal risk, impaired resilience and emotional regulation. Addressing circadian rhythm alterations might potentially promote resilience and emotion regulation hence improving mood symptoms and suicidal risk in BDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Palagini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Psychiatric Section, University of Pisa; Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Pisana (AUOP), Pisa, Italy,Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, Institute of Psychiatry, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy,Corresponding author Laura Palagini, M.D. Via Roma 67, 56100, Pisa, Italy Phone: +39-050-993165 Fax: +39-050-992656 E-mail: ,
| | - Mario Miniati
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Psychiatric Section, University of Pisa; Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Pisana (AUOP), Pisa, Italy
| | - Donatella Marazziti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Psychiatric Section, University of Pisa; Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Pisana (AUOP), Pisa, Italy
| | - Lucia Massa
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Psychiatric Section, University of Pisa; Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Pisana (AUOP), Pisa, Italy
| | - Luigi Grassi
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, Institute of Psychiatry, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Pierre A. Geoffroy
- Département de Psychiatrie et d'Addictologie, AP-HP, GHU Paris Nord, DMU Neurosciences, Hopital Bichat - Claude Bernard, F-75018 Paris, France,GHU Paris - Psychiatry & Neurosciences, 1 rue Cabanis, 75014 Paris, France,Université de Paris, NeuroDiderot, Inserm, F-75019 Paris, France
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Tang R, Fan Y, Luo M, Zhang D, Xie Z, Huang F, Wang Y, Liu G, Wang Y, Lin S, Chen R. General and Central Obesity Are Associated With Increased Severity of the VMS and Sexual Symptoms of Menopause Among Chinese Women: A Longitudinal Study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:814872. [PMID: 35557846 PMCID: PMC9086713 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.814872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Strong evidence has linked overweight and obesity to increased risks of cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality in Chinese populations. Menopause is considered associated with increased obesity and central body fat distribution. However, the correlation between obesity and menopausal symptoms has not been well studied. OBJECTIVE To examine the associations between obesity or abdominal obesity and menopausal symptoms as women progressed from premenopausal to postmenopausal status. DESIGN This study included 430 midlife Chinese women who had experienced natural menopause and were followed up for 10 years. Physical examinations and questionnaires should be completed annually. The questionnaires include the Menopause-Specific Quality of Life questionnaire, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and other physical and behavioral factors. RESULTS Among women who were not obese (n=345) or not abdominal obese (n=372) at baseline, 5.8% and 31.7% became obese or abdominal obese at the recent follow-up visit, respectively. Women at the recent follow-up visit had an increased body mass index (BMI) by 0.14%, and the waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) increased by 5.2% compared with the data at baseline. In multivariate analysis, more frequent hot flashes, moderate/severe bothered vasomotor symptoms (VMS), mild bothered sexual functioning, and less anxiety symptoms were significantly associated with obesity. Increasing age, moderate/severe bothered VMS, and less anxiety symptoms were independently associated with abdominal obesity. Multivariable analysis also showed that less education level is independently associated with both obesity and abdominal obesity. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that the proportion of obesity and abdominal obesity increased gradually during menopause. The increase of abdominal obesity is more rapidly than obesity in middle-aged women. Both obesity and abdominal obesity are related with severe or frequent VMS and anxiety symptoms in Chinese women. Although the proportion of obese women in China is lower than in western countries, the problem of abdominal obesity and related complications cannot be ignored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiyi Tang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetric and Gynecologic Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Yubo Fan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetric and Gynecologic Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Min Luo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetric and Gynecologic Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Duoduo Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetric and Gynecologic Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Zhuolin Xie
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetric and Gynecologic Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Feiling Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetric and Gynecologic Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Yuchen Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetric and Gynecologic Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Gaifen Liu
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yaping Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetric and Gynecologic Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Shouqing Lin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetric and Gynecologic Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Rong Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetric and Gynecologic Diseases, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Rong Chen,
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Abstract
Objectives: Many studies have indicated a close relationship between ADHD and mood symptoms in university students. In the present study, we explore the role of daily functional impairments and executive functioning in the ADHD-mood relationship. Method: A total of 343 adults (126 males) filled out (a) the Conners' Adult ADHD Rating Scale, (b) the Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale, (c) the Weiss Functional Impairment Rating Scale, and (d) the Executive Function Index Scale. Results: The correlation between mood symptoms and ADHD was .48 (moderate correlation) and dropped to .15 (weak correlation) when controlling for functional problems and executive functioning. Hierarchical regression analyses showed that both functional impairments and executive functioning significantly explained 42% to 53% of the variance of mood symptoms. The addition of ADHD symptoms to the model slightly increased the explained mood variance by only 1%. Conclusion: These findings underline the role of experienced difficulties in triggering mood symptoms in ADHD symptomatology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saleh M. H. Mohamed
- University of Groningen, The Netherlands,Saleh M. H. Mohamed, University of Groningen, Grote Kruisstraat 2/1, 9712 TS Groningen, The Netherlands.
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7
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Aftab Z, Anthony AT, Rahmat S, Sangle P, Khan S. An Updated Review on the Relationship of Depressive Symptoms in Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Continuous Positive Airway Pressure. Cureus 2021; 13:e15907. [PMID: 34336419 PMCID: PMC8312772 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.15907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common sleep disorder occurring across all age groups, gender, and is multifactorial. The episodic decrease in airflow during sleep results in hypoxia and hypercapnia over time, resulting in morning headache, systemic and pulmonary hypertension, and polycythemia. Fragmentation of sleep at night-time cause daytime somnolence, fatigue, memory problems, and mood symptoms such as depression and anxiety. These secondary mood symptoms could be easily missed by healthcare providers as the primary disorder resulting in unnecessary anti-depressants' prescription. This study investigates the effect of continuous airway pressure (CPAP) on depressive symptoms of OSA. We used PubMed, PubMed Central (PMC), and MEDLINE for data collection. We used OSA, depression, anxiety, mood symptoms, psychological symptoms, and CPAP as the keywords, both alone and in combination. The search ended on November 5, 2020, and it was limited to the year 2010 until the day of the search. However, a few of the papers published earlier than 2010 were also included to have better insight into some aspects of the topic. We included articles measuring the impact of CPAP on mood symptoms using any one of the validated scales, such as the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), or Hamilton Depression Scale (HAM-D). Our initial searches yielded 131 articles. Twenty-one of the 131 papers satisfied the review's criteria. Four studies out of 21 revealed no improvement in OSA-related mood symptoms with CPAP therapy, whereas the others reported beneficial effects on mood, daytime sleepiness, cognition, and patient quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zarmeena Aftab
- Family Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Adarsh Thomas Anthony
- Family Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Shermeen Rahmat
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Prerna Sangle
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Safeera Khan
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
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8
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Alves Braga de Oliveira M, de Mendonça Filho EJ, Carissimi A, Lima Dos Santos Garay L, Scop M, Ruschel Bandeira D, Gutiérrez Carvalho F, Mathur S, Epifano K, Adan A, Frey BN, Hidalgo MP. The Revised Mood Rhythm Instrument: A Large Multicultural Psychometric Study. J Clin Med 2021; 10:388. [PMID: 33498431 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10030388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Recent studies with the mood rhythm instrument (MRhI) have shown that the presence of recurrent daily peaks in specific mood symptoms are significantly associated with increased risk of psychiatric disorders. Using a large sample collected in Brazil, Spain, and Canada, we aimed to analyze which MRhI items maintained good psychometric properties across cultures. As a secondary aim, we used network analysis to visualize the strength of the association between the MRhI items. Methods: Adults (n = 1275) between 18–60 years old from Spain (n = 458), Brazil (n = 415), and Canada (n = 401) completed the MRhI and the self-reporting questionnaire (SRQ-20). Psychometric analyses followed three steps: Factor analysis, item response theory, and network analysis. Results: The factor analysis indicated the retention of three factors that grouped the MRhI items into cognitive, somatic, and affective domains. The item response theory analysis suggested the exclusion of items that displayed a significant divergence in difficulty measures between countries. Finally, the network analysis revealed a structure where sleepiness plays a central role in connecting the three domains. These psychometric analyses enabled a psychometric-based refinement of the MRhI, where the 11 items with good properties across cultures were kept in a shorter, revised MRhI version (MRhI-r). Limitations: Participants were mainly university students and, as we did not conduct a formal clinical assessment, any potential correlations (beyond the validated SRQ) cannot be ascertained. Conclusions: The MRhI-r is a novel tool to investigate self-perceived rhythmicity of mood-related symptoms and behaviors, with good psychometric properties across multiple cultures.
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Tesfaye Y, Agenagnew L, Anand S, Tucho GT, Birhanu Z, Ahmed G, Getnet M, Yitbarek K. Mood Symptoms, Suicide, and Associated Factors Among Jimma Community. A Cross-Sectional Study. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:640575. [PMID: 33815172 PMCID: PMC8017163 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.640575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The global burden of mental health problems is high and is predicted to rise. At present, mood symptoms are the foremost common psychological problems worldwide, yet little is known regarding their magnitude and associated factors in developing countries. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the magnitude and associated factors of anxiety, depressive, manic symptoms, and suicidal behavior among the rural Jimma community, Ethiopia. Methods: A community-based quantitative cross-sectional survey was employed on 423 households selected through systematic random sampling. An adapted version of the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview tool was used for the structured face-to-face interview. The collected data were checked for completeness, coded, and inserted into Epi Data version 3.1 and exported to SPSS version 23 for analysis. Variables with P < g0.05 and odds ratio (OR) [95% confidence interval (CI)] on multivariate logistic regression analysis were considered as factors associated with the outcome variable. Results: Overall, 185 (44.0%), 55 (13.1%), 44 (10.5%), and 23 (5.5%) of the respondents had anxiety, depressive, manic symptom, and suicide behavior, respectively. The odds of having anxiety symptoms were nearly 5 times higher among those who had perceived discrimination and racism experience compared to their counterpart [adjusted OR (AOR), 5.02; 95% CI, 1.90-13.26]. Likewise, recently bereaved participants had 4-fold higher odds of reporting depressive symptoms (AOR, 3.9; 95% CI, 1.4-10.4) than the non-bereaved ones. Furthermore, respondents who had depressive symptoms were almost four and a half times more likely to have manic symptoms compared to those who did not (AOR, 4.3; 95% CI, 1.71-11.02). Conclusion: Anxiety, depressive, manic symptoms, and suicidal behavior were prevalent in the community and positively associated with multiple psychosocial factors. Implementing accessible and affordable community-based mental health services is recommended to mitigate the problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonas Tesfaye
- Department of Psychiatry, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
| | | | - Susan Anand
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
| | - Gudina Terefe Tucho
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences and Technology, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
| | - Zewdie Birhanu
- Department of Health, Behavior, and Society, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
| | - Gutema Ahmed
- Department of Psychiatry, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
| | - Masrie Getnet
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
| | - Kiddus Yitbarek
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
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10
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Yang X, Li Z, Sun J. Effects of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy-Based Intervention on Improving Glycaemic, Psychological, and Physiological Outcomes in Adult Patients With Diabetes Mellitus: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:711. [PMID: 32848906 PMCID: PMC7399630 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2019] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) have a high risk of secondary physiological and psychological complications. Some interventions based on cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) have been used to control glucose levels and improve negative emotions of patients with DM. This study was undertaken to provide an overview of the effectiveness of CBT-based interventions for improving glycaemic control, psychological, and physiological outcomes in adult patients with DM. METHODS Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published in English and Chinese during 2007 and April 2019 were searched through various electronic databases including PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus, Embase, ProQuest Dissertations and Theses, and the Chinese databases (WanFang data and China National Knowledge Infrastructure). The primary outcome variables included glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), depression, and anxiety symptoms. The secondary outcomes were weight and cholesterol. Effect sizes were pooled by random-effects modelling using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software. Physiotherapy Evidence Database tool was used to assess the quality of all included studies. RESULTS Twenty-three RCTs comprising 2,619 patients with DM (type 1 and type 2) were included in at least one meta-analysis. The results of the main analysis showed that CBT-based interventions had a better effect on reduced HbA1c (-0.275%, 95% CI: -0.443 to -0.107; p < 0.01) with Hedge's g of 0.466 (95% CI: 0.710 - 0.189), reduced depression symptoms with average reduction of -2.788 (95% CI: -4.450 to -1.207; p < 0.01) and Hedge's g of 0.966 (95% CI: 1.507 - 0.426). Twenty-three RCTs comprising 2,619 patients with DM (type 1 and type 2) were included in this meta-analysis. Several mediators of the effect were found through subgroup analysis for HbA1c and depression symptoms. The interventions emphasising completion homework assignments, stress management, and that used an interpersonal strategy delivered via a group had a better effect on both HbA1c and depression symptoms. In addition, behavioral strategies had a better effect on glycaemic control, and cognitive strategies had a better effect on depression symptoms. There was no difference in the change of FPG, anxiety symptoms, weight, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) between CBT-based interventions and the control conditions. CONCLUSIONS The findings indicate that CBT-based interventions are effective for improving glycaemic control and depression symptoms in adult patients with type 1 DM (T1DM) or type 2 DM (T2DM) with moderate to large effect size. The results of the subgroup analysis suggest that it is necessary to adopt different types and technical components of CBT according to the population and purpose of the treatment in clinical practice. Due to the high heterogeneity of included studies and other limitations, further study including large number of studies is needed to confirm these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyun Yang
- The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhanjiang Li
- The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Sun
- The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,School of Medicine, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
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11
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Yamauchi A, Okada T, Ando M, Morikawa M, Nakamura Y, Kubota C, Ohara M, Murase S, Goto S, Kanai A, Ozaki N. Validation and Factor Analysis of the Japanese Version of the Highs Scale in Perinatal Women. Front Psychiatry 2018; 9:269. [PMID: 30002632 PMCID: PMC6032995 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The Highs scale has been developed to evaluate hypomanic symptoms in the first postpartum week. However, it has not been elucidated whether this scale is also applicable to pregnant women. To address this issue, we confirmed the factor structure, reliability, and validity of the Japanese version of the Highs scale for pregnant and postpartum women. Methods: 418 women provided effective responses to both the Highs scale and the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) during early pregnancy (before week 25), late pregnancy (around week 36), at 5 days and at 1 month after delivery. Subjects were randomly divided into two groups, and exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were performed for each group. Cronbach's alpha was calculated and the correlation of the Highs scale with EPDS was analyzed. The correlation between the subscales was analyzed at four time points, and the correlation of subscales between the four time points was confirmed. Results: This scale was found to have the two-factor structure with elation and agitation subscales. The two subscales had reasonable internal consistency at all time points (Cronbach's alpha range: Factor 1, 0.696-0.758; Factor 2, 0.553-0.694). The overall scale had reasonable internal consistency at all time points (Cronbach's alpha range: 0.672-0.738). Based on the correlation analysis of the two subscales and EPDS, discriminative and convergent validity were indicated at all time points, confirming the construct validity of the Highs scale. Subscale scores showed a significant correlation with EPDS at all time points (r = 0.388, 0.384, 0.498, and 0.442, p < 0.01). Conclusions: The Japanese version of the Highs scale is reliable and valid, and can be applied for evaluating the hypomanic symptoms during pregnancy and postpartum period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aya Yamauchi
- Department of Psychiatry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Takashi Okada
- Department of Psychiatry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Masahiko Ando
- Center for Advanced Medicine and Clinical Research, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Mako Morikawa
- Department of Psychiatry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yukako Nakamura
- Department of Psychiatry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Chika Kubota
- Department of Psychiatry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Masako Ohara
- Department of Psychiatry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | | | | | - Atsuko Kanai
- Graduate School of Education and Human Development, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Norio Ozaki
- Department of Psychiatry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
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Bilderbeck AC, Reed ZE, McMahon HC, Atkinson LZ, Price J, Geddes JR, Goodwin GM, Harmer CJ. Associations between mood instability and emotional processing in a large cohort of bipolar patients. Psychol Med 2016; 46:3151-3160. [PMID: 27572660 DOI: 10.1017/s003329171600180x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aberrant emotional biases have been reported in bipolar disorder (BD), but results are inconsistent. Despite the clinical relevance of chronic mood variability in BD, there is no previous research investigating how the extent of symptom fluctuations in bipolar disorder might relate to emotional biases. This exploratory study investigated, in a large cohort of bipolar patients, whether instability in weekly mood episode symptoms and other clinical and demographic factors were related to emotional bias as measured in a simple laboratory task. METHOD Participants (N = 271, BDI = 206, BDII = 121) completed an 'emotional categorization and memory' task. Weekly self-reported symptoms of depression and mania were collected prospectively. In linear regression analyses, associations between cognitive bias and mood variability were explored together with the influence of demographic and clinical factors, including current medication. RESULTS Greater accuracy in the classification of negative words relative to positive words was associated with greater instability in depressive symptoms. Furthermore, greater negative bias in free recall was associated with higher instability in manic symptoms. Participants diagnosed with BDII, compared with BDI, showed overall better word recognition and recall. Current antipsychotic use was associated with reduced instability in manic symptoms but this did not impact on emotional processing performance. CONCLUSIONS Emotional processing biases in bipolar disorder are related to instability in mood. These findings prompt further investigation into the underpinnings as well as clinical significance of mood instability.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Z E Reed
- Department of Psychiatry,University of Oxford,Oxford,UK
| | - H C McMahon
- Department of Psychiatry,University of Oxford,Oxford,UK
| | - L Z Atkinson
- Department of Psychiatry,University of Oxford,Oxford,UK
| | - J Price
- Department of Psychiatry,University of Oxford,Oxford,UK
| | - J R Geddes
- Department of Psychiatry,University of Oxford,Oxford,UK
| | - G M Goodwin
- Department of Psychiatry,University of Oxford,Oxford,UK
| | - C J Harmer
- Department of Psychiatry,University of Oxford,Oxford,UK
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13
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Sylvia LG, Shelton RC, Kemp DE, Bernstein EE, Friedman ES, Brody BD, McElroy SL, Singh V, Tohen M, Bowden CL, Ketter TA, Deckersbach T, Thase ME, Reilly-Harrington NA, Nierenberg AA, Rabideau DJ, Kinrys G, Kocsis JH, Bobo WV, Kamali M, McInnis MG, Calabrese JR. Medical burden in bipolar disorder: findings from the Clinical and Health Outcomes Initiative in Comparative Effectiveness for Bipolar Disorder study (Bipolar CHOICE). Bipolar Disord 2015; 17:212-23. [PMID: 25130321 DOI: 10.1111/bdi.12243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2013] [Accepted: 04/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Individuals with bipolar disorder have high rates of other medical comorbidity, which is associated with higher mortality rates and worse course of illness. The present study examined common predictors of medical comorbidity. METHODS The Clinical and Health Outcomes Initiative in Comparative Effectiveness for Bipolar Disorder study (Bipolar CHOICE) enrolled 482 participants with bipolar I or bipolar II disorder in a six-month, randomized comparative effectiveness trial. Baseline assessments included current and lifetime DSM-IV-TR diagnoses, demographic information, psychiatric and medical history, severity of psychiatric symptoms, level of functioning, and a fasting blood draw. Medical comorbidities were categorized into two groups: cardiometabolic (e.g., diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and metabolic syndrome) and non-cardiovascular (e.g., seizures, asthma, and cancer). Additionally, we looked at comorbid substance use (e.g., smoking and drug dependence). RESULTS We found that 96.3% of participants had at least one other medical comorbidity. Older age predicted a greater likelihood of having a cardiometabolic condition. Early age of onset of bipolar symptoms was associated with a lower chance of having a cardiometabolic condition, but a greater chance of having other types of medical comorbidity. Additional predictors of other medical comorbidities in bipolar disorder included more time spent depressed, less time spent manic/hypomanic, and longer duration of illness. Medications associated with weight gain were associated with low high-density lipoprotein and abnormal triglycerides. CONCLUSIONS There appears to be a substantial medical burden associated with bipolar disorder, highlighting the need for collaborative care among psychiatric and general medical providers to address both psychiatric and other medical needs concomitantly in this group of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louisa G Sylvia
- Bipolar Clinic and Research Program, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
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Abstract
PURPOSE To identify the point prevalence of metabolic syndrome in patients with schizophrenia and to evaluate the association between depressive symptoms and metabolic syndrome in patients with schizophrenia. PATIENTS AND METHODS Metabolic syndrome was assessed based on an updated definition derived from the modified National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP-ATP III) and the International Diabetes Federation criteria. The 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS-17) was used to measure depressive symptoms in 80 patients with schizophrenia. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were calculated using logistic regression for the association between each depressive symptom and metabolic syndrome. RESULTS The point prevalence rates of metabolic syndrome according to the modified NCEP-ATP III and International Diabetes Federation criteria were 37% and 35%, respectively. The risk of having metabolic syndrome significantly increased in those who were widowed or separated, or had longer duration of illness. Central obesity was the metabolic feature with the highest odds ratios for metabolic syndrome at 19.3. Three out of 17 items of HDRS subscales were found to be significantly associated with metabolic syndrome, including depressed mood, middle insomnia, and retardation with the odds ratios of 3.0, 3.4, and 3.6, respectively. CONCLUSION This study showed that the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in patients with schizophrenia was higher than the overall rate but was slightly lower than in the general population in the USA. Central obesity, measured by waist circumference, was found to be highly correlated with metabolic syndrome. Depressed mood, middle insomnia, and retardation were significantly associated with metabolic syndrome in patients with schizophrenia. Waist circumference and screening for depression should be done at the clinics during patient follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sirijit Suttajit
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
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15
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Young EA, Kornstein SG, Harvey AT, Wisniewski SR, Barkin J, Fava M, Trivedi MH, Rush AJ. Influences of hormone-based contraception on depressive symptoms in premenopausal women with major depression. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2007; 32:843-53. [PMID: 17629629 PMCID: PMC2100423 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2007.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2007] [Revised: 05/25/2007] [Accepted: 05/25/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hormone-based contraceptives affect mood in healthy women or in women with premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD). No study has yet examined their association with mood in women with major depressive disorder (MDD). The purpose of this study was to determine whether estrogen-progestin combination or progestin-only contraceptives are associated with depression severity, function and quality of life, or general medical or psychiatric comorbidity in women with MDD. METHODS This analysis focused on a large population of female outpatients less than 40 years of age with non-psychotic MDD who were treated in 18 primary and 23 psychiatric care settings across the US, using data from the Sequenced Treatment Alternatives to Relieve Depression (STAR*D) study. Baseline demographic and clinical information was gathered and compared between three groups based on hormonal use: combination (estrogen-progestin)(N=232), progestin-only (N=58), and no hormone treatment (N=948). RESULTS Caucasians were significantly more likely to use combined hormone contraception. Women on progestin-only had significantly more general medical comorbidities; greater hypersomnia, weight gain and gastrointestinal symptoms; and worse physical functioning than women in either of the other groups. Those on combined hormone contraception were significantly less depressed than those with no hormone treatment by the 16-item Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology-Self-Rated. The combined hormone group also demonstrated better physical functioning and less obsessive-compulsive disorder (COCD) comorbidity than either of the other groups. CONCLUSIONS Synthetic estrogen and progestins may influence depressive and physical symptoms in depressed women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A Young
- Department of Psychiatry and Molecular and Behavioral Neurosciences Institute, University of Michigan, MBNI, 205 Zina Pitcher place, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-0720, and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston 02114, USA.
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