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Jansen RS, Duijst S, Mahakena S, Sommer D, Szeri F, Váradi A, Plomp A, Bergen AA, Oude Elferink RPJ, Borst P, van de Wetering K. ABCC6-mediated ATP secretion by the liver is the main source of the mineralization inhibitor inorganic pyrophosphate in the systemic circulation-brief report. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2014; 34:1985-9. [PMID: 24969777 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.114.304017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 215] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Mutations in ABCC6 underlie the ectopic mineralization disorder pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE) and some forms of generalized arterial calcification of infancy, both of which affect the cardiovascular system. Using cultured cells, we recently showed that ATP-binding cassette subfamily C member 6 (ABCC6) mediates the cellular release of ATP, which is extracellularly rapidly converted into AMP and the mineralization inhibitor inorganic pyrophosphate (PPi). The current study was performed to determine which tissues release ATP in an ABCC6-dependent manner in vivo, where released ATP is converted into AMP and PPi, and whether human PXE ptients have low plasma PPi concentrations. APPROACH AND RESULTS Using cultured primary hepatocytes and in vivo liver perfusion experiments, we found that ABCC6 mediates the direct, sinusoidal, release of ATP from the liver. Outside hepatocytes, but still within the liver vasculature, released ATP is converted into AMP and PPi. The absence of functional ABCC6 in patients with PXE leads to strongly reduced plasma PPi concentrations. CONCLUSIONS Hepatic ABCC6-mediated ATP release is the main source of circulating PPi, revealing an unanticipated role of the liver in systemic PPi homeostasis. Patients with PXE have a strongly reduced plasma PPi level, explaining their mineralization disorder. Our results indicate that systemic PPi is relatively stable and that PXE, generalized arterial calcification of infancy, and other ectopic mineralization disorders could be treated with PPi supplementation therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert S Jansen
- From the Division of Molecular Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (R.S.J., S.M., D.S., P.B., K.v.d.W.); Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (S.D., R.P.J.O.E.); Institute of Enzymology, RCNS, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary (F.S., A.V.); Department of Clinical Genetics, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (A.P., A.A.B.); and Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (A.A.B.)
| | - Suzanne Duijst
- From the Division of Molecular Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (R.S.J., S.M., D.S., P.B., K.v.d.W.); Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (S.D., R.P.J.O.E.); Institute of Enzymology, RCNS, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary (F.S., A.V.); Department of Clinical Genetics, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (A.P., A.A.B.); and Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (A.A.B.)
| | - Sunny Mahakena
- From the Division of Molecular Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (R.S.J., S.M., D.S., P.B., K.v.d.W.); Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (S.D., R.P.J.O.E.); Institute of Enzymology, RCNS, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary (F.S., A.V.); Department of Clinical Genetics, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (A.P., A.A.B.); and Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (A.A.B.)
| | - Daniela Sommer
- From the Division of Molecular Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (R.S.J., S.M., D.S., P.B., K.v.d.W.); Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (S.D., R.P.J.O.E.); Institute of Enzymology, RCNS, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary (F.S., A.V.); Department of Clinical Genetics, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (A.P., A.A.B.); and Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (A.A.B.)
| | - Flóra Szeri
- From the Division of Molecular Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (R.S.J., S.M., D.S., P.B., K.v.d.W.); Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (S.D., R.P.J.O.E.); Institute of Enzymology, RCNS, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary (F.S., A.V.); Department of Clinical Genetics, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (A.P., A.A.B.); and Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (A.A.B.)
| | - András Váradi
- From the Division of Molecular Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (R.S.J., S.M., D.S., P.B., K.v.d.W.); Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (S.D., R.P.J.O.E.); Institute of Enzymology, RCNS, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary (F.S., A.V.); Department of Clinical Genetics, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (A.P., A.A.B.); and Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (A.A.B.)
| | - Astrid Plomp
- From the Division of Molecular Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (R.S.J., S.M., D.S., P.B., K.v.d.W.); Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (S.D., R.P.J.O.E.); Institute of Enzymology, RCNS, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary (F.S., A.V.); Department of Clinical Genetics, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (A.P., A.A.B.); and Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (A.A.B.)
| | - Arthur A Bergen
- From the Division of Molecular Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (R.S.J., S.M., D.S., P.B., K.v.d.W.); Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (S.D., R.P.J.O.E.); Institute of Enzymology, RCNS, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary (F.S., A.V.); Department of Clinical Genetics, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (A.P., A.A.B.); and Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (A.A.B.)
| | - Ronald P J Oude Elferink
- From the Division of Molecular Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (R.S.J., S.M., D.S., P.B., K.v.d.W.); Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (S.D., R.P.J.O.E.); Institute of Enzymology, RCNS, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary (F.S., A.V.); Department of Clinical Genetics, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (A.P., A.A.B.); and Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (A.A.B.)
| | - Piet Borst
- From the Division of Molecular Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (R.S.J., S.M., D.S., P.B., K.v.d.W.); Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (S.D., R.P.J.O.E.); Institute of Enzymology, RCNS, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary (F.S., A.V.); Department of Clinical Genetics, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (A.P., A.A.B.); and Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (A.A.B.)
| | - Koen van de Wetering
- From the Division of Molecular Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (R.S.J., S.M., D.S., P.B., K.v.d.W.); Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (S.D., R.P.J.O.E.); Institute of Enzymology, RCNS, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary (F.S., A.V.); Department of Clinical Genetics, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (A.P., A.A.B.); and Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (A.A.B.).
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Boucher J, Quilliot D, Pradère JP, Simon MF, Grès S, Guigné C, Prévot D, Ferry G, Boutin JA, Carpéné C, Valet P, Saulnier-Blache JS. Potential involvement of adipocyte insulin resistance in obesity-associated up-regulation of adipocyte lysophospholipase D/autotaxin expression. Diabetologia 2005; 48:569-77. [PMID: 15700135 PMCID: PMC1885462 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-004-1660-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2004] [Accepted: 10/04/2004] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Autotaxin is a lysophospholipase D that is secreted by adipocytes and whose expression is substantially up-regulated in obese, diabetic db/db mice. The aim of the present study was to depict the physiopathological and cellular mechanisms involved in regulation of adipocyte autotaxin expression. METHODS Autotaxin mRNAs were quantified in adipose tissue from db/db mice (obese and highly diabetic type 2), gold-thioglucose-treated (GTG) mice (highly obese and moderately diabetic type 2), high-fat diet-fed (HFD) mice (obese and moderately diabetic type 2), streptozotocin-treated mice (thin and diabetic type 1), and massively obese humans with glucose intolerance. RESULTS When compared to non-obese controls, autotaxin expression in db/db mice was significantly increased, but not in GTG, HFD, or streptozotocin-treated mice. During db/db mice development, up-regulation of autotaxin occurred only 3 weeks after the emergence of hyperinsulinaemia, and simultaneously with the emergence of hyperglycaaemia. Adipocytes from db/db mice exhibited a stronger impairment of insulin-stimulated glucose uptake than non-obese and HFD-induced obese mice. Autotaxin expression was up-regulated by treatment with TNFalpha (insulin resistance-promoting cytokine), and down-regulated by rosiglitazone treatment (insulin-sensitising compound) in 3T3F442A adipocytes. Finally, adipose tissue autotaxin expression was significantly up-regulated in patients exhibiting both insulin resistance and impaired glucose tolerance. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION The present work demonstrates the existence of a db/db-specific up-regulation of adipocyte autotaxin expression, which could be related to the severe type 2 diabetes phenotype and adipocyte insulin resistance, rather than excess adiposity in itself. It also showed that type 2 diabetes in humans is also associated with up-regulation of adipocyte autotaxin expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérémie Boucher
- Unité de recherche sur les obésités
INSERM : U586 IFR31Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse IIIInstitut Louis Bugnard
1, Avenue Jean Poulhes
31432 TOULOUSE CEDEX 4,FR
| | - Didier Quilliot
- Diabétologie-Nutrition-Métabolismes
CHU Nancy Hôpital Jeanne d'ArcNancy,FR
| | - Jean-Philippe Pradère
- Unité de recherche sur les obésités
INSERM : U586 IFR31Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse IIIInstitut Louis Bugnard
1, Avenue Jean Poulhes
31432 TOULOUSE CEDEX 4,FR
| | - Marie-Françoise Simon
- Unité de recherche sur les obésités
INSERM : U586 IFR31Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse IIIInstitut Louis Bugnard
1, Avenue Jean Poulhes
31432 TOULOUSE CEDEX 4,FR
| | - Sandra Grès
- Unité de recherche sur les obésités
INSERM : U586 IFR31Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse IIIInstitut Louis Bugnard
1, Avenue Jean Poulhes
31432 TOULOUSE CEDEX 4,FR
| | - Charlotte Guigné
- Unité de recherche sur les obésités
INSERM : U586 IFR31Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse IIIInstitut Louis Bugnard
1, Avenue Jean Poulhes
31432 TOULOUSE CEDEX 4,FR
| | - Danielle Prévot
- Unité de recherche sur les obésités
INSERM : U586 IFR31Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse IIIInstitut Louis Bugnard
1, Avenue Jean Poulhes
31432 TOULOUSE CEDEX 4,FR
| | - Gilles Ferry
- Centre de Recherche de Croissy
Institut de Recherche Servier78290 Croissy-sur-Seine,FR
| | - Jean A. Boutin
- Centre de Recherche de Croissy
Institut de Recherche Servier78290 Croissy-sur-Seine,FR
| | - Christian Carpéné
- Unité de recherche sur les obésités
INSERM : U586 IFR31Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse IIIInstitut Louis Bugnard
1, Avenue Jean Poulhes
31432 TOULOUSE CEDEX 4,FR
| | - Philippe Valet
- Unité de recherche sur les obésités
INSERM : U586 IFR31Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse IIIInstitut Louis Bugnard
1, Avenue Jean Poulhes
31432 TOULOUSE CEDEX 4,FR
| | - Jean Sébastien Saulnier-Blache
- Unité de recherche sur les obésités
INSERM : U586 IFR31Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse IIIInstitut Louis Bugnard
1, Avenue Jean Poulhes
31432 TOULOUSE CEDEX 4,FR
- * Correspondence should be adressed to: Jean Sébastien Saulnier-Blache
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6
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Ferry G, Tellier E, Try A, Grés S, Naime I, Simon MF, Rodriguez M, Boucher J, Tack I, Gesta S, Chomarat P, Dieu M, Raes M, Galizzi JP, Valet P, Boutin JA, Saulnier-Blache JS. Autotaxin is released from adipocytes, catalyzes lysophosphatidic acid synthesis, and activates preadipocyte proliferation. Up-regulated expression with adipocyte differentiation and obesity. J Biol Chem 2003; 278:18162-9. [PMID: 12642576 PMCID: PMC1885458 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m301158200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 190] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Our group has recently demonstrated (Gesta, S., Simon, M., Rey, A., Sibrac, D., Girard, A., Lafontan, M., Valet, P., and Saulnier-Blache, J. S. (2002) J. Lipid Res. 43, 904-910) the presence, in adipocyte conditioned-medium, of a soluble lysophospholipase d-activity (LPLDact) involved in synthesis of the bioactive phospholipid lysophosphatidic acid (LPA). In the present report, LPLDact was purified from 3T3F442A adipocyte-conditioned medium and identified as the type II ecto-nucleotide pyrophosphatase phosphodiesterase, autotaxin (ATX). A unique ATX cDNA was cloned from 3T3F442A adipocytes, and its recombinant expression in COS-7 cells led to extracellular release of LPLDact. ATX mRNA expression was highly up-regulated during adipocyte differentiation of 3T3F442A-preadipocytes. This up-regulation was paralleled by the ability of newly differentiated adipocytes to release LPLDact and LPA. Differentiation-dependent up-regulation of ATX expression was also observed in a primary culture of mouse preadipocytes. Treatment of 3T3F442A-preadipocytes with concentrated conditioned medium from ATX-expressing COS-7 cells led to an increase in cell number as compared with concentrated conditioned medium from ATX non-expressing COS-7 cells. The specific effect of ATX on preadipocyte proliferation was completely suppressed by co-treatment with a LPA-hydrolyzing phospholipase, phospholipase B. Finally, ATX expression was found in mature adipocytes isolated from mouse adipose tissue and was substantially increased in genetically obese-diabetic db/db mice when compared with their lean siblings. In conclusion, the present work shows that ATX is responsible for the LPLDact released by adipocytes and exerts a paracrine control on preadipocyte growth via an LPA-dependent mechanism. Up-regulations of ATX expression with adipocyte differentiation and genetic obesity suggest a possible involvement of this released protein in the development of adipose tissue and obesity-associated pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilles Ferry
- Centre de Recherche de Croissy
Institut de Recherche Servier78290 Croissy-sur-Seine,FR
| | - Edwige Tellier
- Unité de recherche sur les obésités
INSERM : U586 IFR31Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse IIIInstitut Louis Bugnard
1, Avenue Jean Poulhes
31432 TOULOUSE CEDEX 4,FR
| | - Anne Try
- Centre de Recherche de Croissy
Institut de Recherche Servier78290 Croissy-sur-Seine,FR
| | - Sandra Grés
- Unité de recherche sur les obésités
INSERM : U586 IFR31Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse IIIInstitut Louis Bugnard
1, Avenue Jean Poulhes
31432 TOULOUSE CEDEX 4,FR
| | - Isabelle Naime
- Centre de Recherche de Croissy
Institut de Recherche Servier78290 Croissy-sur-Seine,FR
| | - Marie Françoise Simon
- Unité de recherche sur les obésités
INSERM : U586 IFR31Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse IIIInstitut Louis Bugnard
1, Avenue Jean Poulhes
31432 TOULOUSE CEDEX 4,FR
| | - Marianne Rodriguez
- Centre de Recherche de Croissy
Institut de Recherche Servier78290 Croissy-sur-Seine,FR
| | - Jérémie Boucher
- Unité de recherche sur les obésités
INSERM : U586 IFR31Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse IIIInstitut Louis Bugnard
1, Avenue Jean Poulhes
31432 TOULOUSE CEDEX 4,FR
| | - Ivan Tack
- Pharmacologie Moleculaire et Physiopathologie Renale
INSERM : U388 IFR31Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse IIIInstitut Louis Bugnard
31432 TOULOUSE CEDEX 4,FR
| | - Stéphane Gesta
- Unité de recherche sur les obésités
INSERM : U586 IFR31Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse IIIInstitut Louis Bugnard
1, Avenue Jean Poulhes
31432 TOULOUSE CEDEX 4,FR
| | - Pascale Chomarat
- Centre de Recherche de Croissy
Institut de Recherche Servier78290 Croissy-sur-Seine,FR
| | | | | | - Jean Pierre Galizzi
- Centre de Recherche de Croissy
Institut de Recherche Servier78290 Croissy-sur-Seine,FR
| | - Philippe Valet
- Unité de recherche sur les obésités
INSERM : U586 IFR31Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse IIIInstitut Louis Bugnard
1, Avenue Jean Poulhes
31432 TOULOUSE CEDEX 4,FR
| | - Jean A. Boutin
- Centre de Recherche de Croissy
Institut de Recherche Servier78290 Croissy-sur-Seine,FR
| | - Jean Sébastien Saulnier-Blache
- Unité de recherche sur les obésités
INSERM : U586 IFR31Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse IIIInstitut Louis Bugnard
1, Avenue Jean Poulhes
31432 TOULOUSE CEDEX 4,FR
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