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Benavente JN, Véliz D, Quezada-Romegialli C, Gomez-Uchida D. Uniparental and biparental markers unravel invasion pathways, population admixture, and genetic structure in naturalized rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). J Fish Biol 2023; 103:1277-1288. [PMID: 37535430 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.15520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
The present study combined uniparental mtDNA and biparental SNPs to illuminate the invasion and colonization pathways of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, one of the world's most widespread invasive fishes, that has been intensively propagated in Chile, South America. The specific aims of the study were (i) to evaluate potential donor populations, which could be either from the species' native range in North America or from introduced populations in Europe, by comparing mtDNA D-loop/control region haplotypes; and (ii) to assess the factors that have shaped genetic diversity and contemporary genetic structure of rainbow trout populations introduced to Chile through SNP genotyping. The authors comprehensively sampled 24 sites in 12 basins ranging from the High Andean Plateau (Altiplano, 18° S) to northern Patagonia (41° S). Results of the mtDNA data of naturalized trout populations from rivers in the Altiplano (northern Chile) differed from those collected in central and southern Chile, suggesting an origin from North American hatcheries. Naturalized trout populations in central and southern Chile, on the contrary, shared haplotypes with specimens found in European hatcheries. The southern and central Chile populations also contained rare haplotypes, possibly indicating potential spread through aquaculture escapes. Results of the SNP analysis revealed higher allelic richness for trout sampled in sites influenced by commercial aquaculture than sites without commercial aquaculture, likely due to increased admixture between aquaculture broodstock and naturalized trout. The analysis further uncovered some complex patterns of divergent trout populations with low genetic diversity as well as increased relatedness between individuals from isolated sites, suggesting possible local populations. A comprehensive characterization of genetic diversity and structure of rainbow trout should help identify management areas that may augment socioeconomic benefits while preventing the spread and further impacts on biodiversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javiera N Benavente
- Departmento de Ciencias Ecológicas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Genomics in Ecology, Evolution and Conservation Lab, Departmento de Zoología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanográficas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - David Véliz
- Departmento de Ciencias Ecológicas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Centro de Ecología y Manejo de Islas Oceánicas (ESMOI), Coquimbo, Chile
| | - Claudio Quezada-Romegialli
- Plataforma de Monitoreo Genómico y Ambiental (PGMA), Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Tarapacá, Tarapacá, Chile
| | - Daniel Gomez-Uchida
- Genomics in Ecology, Evolution and Conservation Lab, Departmento de Zoología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanográficas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
- Núcleo Milenio INVASAL, Concepción, Chile
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Skrzypczak AR, Karpiński EA, Józefacka NM, Podstawski R. Impact of Personal Experience of COVID-19 Disease on Recreational Anglers' Attitudes and Behaviors. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:16551. [PMID: 36554431 PMCID: PMC9779481 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192416551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anglers are a large social group with access to a "relatively safe" form of recreation, that allows the opportunity to relieve stress. An important question, however, is how they did so, and to what extent their perceived COVID-19 transition status influenced decisions both in life and at the fishing site. AIM Our study aimed to determine the dynamics of anglers' attitudes and behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic as a result of the different statuses of their exposure to the SARS-CoV-2 virus. We assumed that the behavior of anglers who have not experienced the disease (were not ill and not sure if ill) will be similar and, on the other hand, different from the behavior of those who have experienced COVID-19. METHODS The web-assisted interviews survey was used among 586 anglers with different COVID-19 disease experience statuses. Their pandemic behavior and activities by four age groups were studied using non-metric multidimensional scaling. Redundancy analysis has been used to identify the relationship between anglers' life attitudes and socioeconomic and demographic factors, taking into account their preferences and involvement in fishing. RESULTS We have demonstrated that the behavior of anglers who have not experienced COVID-19 disease and do not present a reckless attitude toward pandemic threats, do not show significant differences from the life attitudes of the group experienced by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. These two groups comprise more than 70% of anglers. However, the rest show a lack of interest in an aware diagnosis of their health and a low level of acceptance of self-restraint in the area of direct social contact. CONCLUSIONS Unawareness, combined with ignorance, could be a potential factor in the transmission of the virus while fishing. The behaviors of almost 30% of anglers are particularly risky when combined with a strong need to fish in the company of friends and familiar people. Anglers' social identity should be tapped by fishery managers. Targeted educational campaigns should be aimed at groups around specific fishing spots. The need for self-limitation under the pandemic should be promoted for the benefit of the general public and to maintain the reputation of angling as a safe recreational activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej Robert Skrzypczak
- Department of Tourism, Recreation & Ecology, Institute of Engineering and Environmental Protection, University of Warmia and Mazury, Oczapowskiego St. 5, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Emil Andrzej Karpiński
- Department of Tourism, Recreation & Ecology, Institute of Engineering and Environmental Protection, University of Warmia and Mazury, Oczapowskiego St. 5, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Natalia Maja Józefacka
- Institute of Psychology, Pedagogical University of Krakow, Podchorążych 2, 30-084 Krakow, Poland
| | - Robert Podstawski
- Department of Tourism, Recreation & Ecology, Institute of Engineering and Environmental Protection, University of Warmia and Mazury, Oczapowskiego St. 5, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
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Karpiński EA, Skrzypczak AR. The Significance of Angling in Stress Reduction during the COVID-19 Pandemic-Environmental and Socio-Economic Implications. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:4346. [PMID: 35410026 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19074346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Recreational fishing and other outdoor recreational activities have been proven to have positive effects on mental health, including neutralizing pandemic stress. This study aims to identify the perceptions and behavior of recreational anglers during the COVID-19 pandemic along with identifying the factors that determine attitudes. This study is essential for understanding the complex economic, social, and environmental implications associated with a pandemic. Perceptions of pandemic stress reduction were confirmed by 63.8% of anglers, and nearly 98% felt there was no risk of infection from fishing. These feelings were most strongly positively associated and explained by a preference for fishing with friends and family and the frequency of fishing. Over 26% of respondents fished more frequently during the pandemic. Additional free time and the need to escape the pandemic media hype were the main factors for the increase in angler activity. The balance of benefits from changes in angler pandemic behavior was ambiguous. This was determined by considering the potential increase in pressure on the environmental resources that anglers use. Given the positive effects of angling on stress reduction, it is not advisable for policymakers to restrict recreational fishing access. Instead, best management practices should reduce sanitary bottlenecks to increase safety on fishing grounds.
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Lamont MM, Mollenhauer R, Foley AM. Capture vulnerability of sea turtles on recreational fishing piers. Ecol Evol 2022; 12:e8473. [PMID: 35127015 PMCID: PMC8796914 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.8473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Capture vulnerability of commercial and recreational fishes has been associated with behavioral, morphological, and life-history traits; however, relationships with non-target species, such as sea turtles, have not been adequately studied. We examined species composition, timing of captures, morphological variables including body size and head width, and body condition of sea turtles captured from a recreational fishing pier in the northern Gulf of Mexico and of sea turtles captured in the waters adjacent to the pier. From 2014 to 2019, 148 net captures and 112 pier captures of three sea turtle species were documented. Green turtles were captured most frequently in the net and on the pier. Turtles captured from the pier were larger than those captured in the net. There was no difference in head width between net-caught and pier-caught turtles; however, small sample sizes limited those comparisons. The body condition index was lower for pier-caught than net-caught Kemp';s ridleys but did not differ with green turtles or loggerheads. Differences were also observed in the timing of capture on the pier as compared to in the net. Finally, the relationship between size, body condition, and pier-capture vulnerability suggests these are complex interactions. Mortality of sea turtles captured from fishing piers could be selecting against bolder individuals, which may result in changes in sea turtle population demographics over a long time period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret M Lamont
- U.S. Geological Survey Wetland and Aquatic Research Center Gainesville Florida USA
| | - Robert Mollenhauer
- U.S. Geological Survey Wetland and Aquatic Research Center Gainesville Florida USA
| | - Allen M Foley
- Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission Jacksonville Field Laboratory Fish and Wildlife Research Institute Jacksonville Florida USA
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Gardiner JM, Wiley TR. Escaped bait: Bull shark Carcharhinus leucas with an intentionally attached harness rig. J Fish Biol 2021; 98:891-894. [PMID: 33219511 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.14623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A 193 cm total length female bull shark Carcharhinus leucas was captured in Florida bearing intentionally attached materials which resembled a harness. Harness-type live bait rigs are commonly used for small baitfish; some anglers use such devices with small sharks when targeting large sharks and bony fish. Biofouling on the apparatus and the extent of the injuries indicated the material had likely been on the shark for several years. This case highlights the dangers of using these types of devices on juveniles of long-lived species that attain a large body size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayne M Gardiner
- Division of Natural Sciences, New College of Florida, Sarasota, Florida, USA
| | - Tonya R Wiley
- Havenworth Coastal Conservation, Palmetto, Florida, USA
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Machado R, Gentil E, Rodrigues-Filho JL. When an advantageous reproductive trait turns bad: Eggs of the threatened fish Genidens barbus as a natural bait in recreational fisheries. J Fish Biol 2020; 97:914-918. [PMID: 32506649 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.14420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This study describes a recreational fishing method focused on marine catfish, Genidens barbus (Endangered-EN), through the adoption of its eggs as a natural bait during its reproductive period in southern Brazilian ecosystems. Male G. barbus perform parental care, collecting eggs released by females after the fertilization process. Owing to this male behavioural pattern during the reproductive period, these individuals are easily caught in recreational fisheries that use eggs of the same species as a natural bait. The current adoption of G. barbus eggs as bait may intensify the fishing pressure on its populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Machado
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Desenvolvimento Socioeconômico, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, Brazil
- Grupo de Estudos de Mamíferos Aquáticos do Rio Grande do Sul, Torres, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Gentil
- Grupo de Gestão, Ecologia e Tecnologia Marinha, Departamento de Engenharia de Pesca e Ciências Biológicas, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Laguna, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Planejamento Territorial e Desenvolvimento Socioambiental, Centro de Ciências Humanas e da Educação, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Jorge L Rodrigues-Filho
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Planejamento Territorial e Desenvolvimento Socioambiental, Centro de Ciências Humanas e da Educação, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
- Laboratório de Ecologia, Departamento de Engenharia de Pesca e Ciências Biológicas, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Laguna, Brazil
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Merciai R, Casadevall M, Villegas-Hernández H, Lloret J. Twilight activity patterns and angling vulnerability of yellowmouth barracuda (Sphyraena viridensis Cuvier, 1829), a range-expanding thermophilic fish. J Fish Biol 2020; 97:383-395. [PMID: 32383485 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.14375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Among the thermophilic fishes that have become established in the north-western Mediterranean as a consequence of sea warming, the yellowmouth barracuda (Sphyraena viridensis Cuvier, 1829) appears to be one of the most successful and abundant in the coastal rocky environment, having increasingly become the object of recreational and commercial exploitation in the study area. Lure-fishing sessions were carried out from May 2016 to November 2018 in the Catalan Sea (NE Spain) at dawn and dusk, with the aim of providing new insight into the behavioural, spatial and feeding ecology and vulnerability to angling of this poorly known species. Generalized mixed-effects linear models showed that S. viridensis is a crepuscular inshore dweller, whose vulnerability to angling is significantly influenced by solar and lunar light intensities, being highest in the pre-spawn and spawning periods. Asymmetries between dawn and dusk activity patterns were detected, evidently related to a drop in aggressiveness at dusk following the spawning period. The simple study design adopted may be applied to other contexts, aiming to the recognition of several levels of fish vulnerability to angling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Merciai
- Departament de Ciències Ambientals, Facultat de Ciències, University of Girona, Girona, Spain
| | - Margarida Casadevall
- Departament de Ciències Ambientals, Facultat de Ciències, University of Girona, Girona, Spain
| | - Harold Villegas-Hernández
- Departament de Ciències Ambientals, Facultat de Ciències, University of Girona, Girona, Spain
- Departamento de Biología Marina, Campus de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, Mexico
| | - Josep Lloret
- Departament de Ciències Ambientals, Facultat de Ciències, University of Girona, Girona, Spain
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Cooke SJ, Twardek WM, Reid AJ, Lennox RJ, Danylchuk SC, Brownscombe JW, Bower SD, Arlinghaus R, Hyder K, Danylchuk AJ. Searching for responsible and sustainable recreational fisheries in the Anthropocene. J Fish Biol 2019; 94:845-856. [PMID: 30779138 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.13935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Recreational fisheries that use rod and reel (i.e., angling) operate around the globe in diverse freshwater and marine habitats, targeting many different gamefish species and engaging at least 220 million participants. The motivations for fishing vary extensively; whether anglers engage in catch-and-release or are harvest-oriented, there is strong potential for recreational fisheries to be conducted in a manner that is both responsible and sustainable. There are many examples of recreational fisheries that are well-managed where anglers, the angling industry and managers engage in responsible behaviours that both contribute to long-term sustainability of fish populations and the sector. Yet, recreational fisheries do not operate in a vacuum; fish populations face threats and stressors including harvest from other sectors as well as environmental change, a defining characteristic of the Anthropocene. We argue that the future of recreational fisheries and indeed many wild fish populations and aquatic ecosystems depends on having responsible and sustainable (R&S) recreational fisheries whilst, where possible, addressing, or at least lobbying for increased awareness about the threats to recreational fisheries emanating from outside the sector (e.g., climate change). Here, we first consider how the concepts of R&S intersect in the recreational fishing sector in an increasingly complex socio-cultural context. Next, we explore the role of the angler, angling industry and decision-makers in achieving R&S fisheries. We extend this idea further by considering the consequences of a future without recreational fisheries (either because of failures related to R&S) and explore a pertinent case study situated in Uttarakahand, India. Unlike other fisheries sectors where the number of participants is relatively small, recreational angling participants are numerous and widespread, such that if their actions are responsible, they have the potential to be a key voice for conservation and serve as a major force for good in the Anthropocene. What remains to be seen is whether this will be achieved, or if failure will occur to the point that recreational fisheries face increasing pressure to cease, as a result of external environmental threats, the environmental effects of recreational fishing and emerging ethical concerns about the welfare of angled fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven J Cooke
- Fish Ecology and Conservation Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology and Institute of Environmental and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - William M Twardek
- Fish Ecology and Conservation Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology and Institute of Environmental and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Andrea J Reid
- Fish Ecology and Conservation Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology and Institute of Environmental and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Robert J Lennox
- Fish Ecology and Conservation Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology and Institute of Environmental and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Jacob W Brownscombe
- Fish Ecology and Conservation Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology and Institute of Environmental and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shannon D Bower
- Natural Resources and Sustainable Development, Uppsala University, Visby, Gotland, Sweden
| | - Robert Arlinghaus
- Department of Biology and Ecology of Fishes, Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries & Division of Integrative Fisheries Management, Faculty of Life Sciences, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Kieran Hyder
- Centre for Environment, Fisheries & Aquaculture Science, Lowestoft, Suffolk, UK
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - Andy J Danylchuk
- Fish Mission, Amherst, Massechussetts, USA
- Department of Environmental Conservation, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
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Matern S, Emmrich M, Klefoth T, Wolter C, Nikolaus R, Wegener N, Arlinghaus R. Effect of recreational-fisheries management on fish biodiversity in gravel pit lakes, with contrasts to unmanaged lakes. J Fish Biol 2019; 94:865-881. [PMID: 31017660 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.13989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Gravel pit lakes are novel ecosystems that can be colonized by fish through natural or anthropogenic pathways. In central Europe, many of them are managed by recreational anglers and thus experience regular fish stocking. However, also unmanaged gravel pits may be affected by stocking, either through illegal fish introductions or, occasionally, by immigration from connected water bodies. We sampled 23 small (< 20 ha) gravel pit lakes (16 managed and 7 unmanaged) in north-western Germany using littoral electrofishing and multimesh gillnets. Our objective was to compare the fish biodiversity in gravel pit lakes in the presence or absence of recreational fisheries. Given the size of the sampled lakes, we expected species poor communities and elevated fish diversity in the managed systems due to regular stocking of game fish species. Our study lakes were primarily mesotrophic and did not differ in key abiotic and biotic environmental characteristics. Lakes of both management types hosted similar fish abundances and biomasses, but were substantially different in terms of fish community structure and species richness. Fish were present in all lakes, with a minimum of three species. Higher α-diversity and lower β-diversity was discovered in managed gravel pit lakes compared to unmanaged lakes. Consequently, recreational-fisheries management fostered homogenization of fish communities, by stocking a similar set of fish species desired by anglers such as piscivorous fish and large bodied cyprinids. However, unmanaged gravel pit lakes were also affected by human-mediated colonization, presumably by illegal fish releases. Hardly any non-native species were detected, suggesting that recreational-fisheries management did not foster the spread of exotic species in our study region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sven Matern
- Department of Biology and Ecology of Fishes, Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | - Christian Wolter
- Department of Biology and Ecology of Fishes, Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Berlin, Germany
| | - Robert Nikolaus
- Department of Biology and Ecology of Fishes, Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nicola Wegener
- Institute of Environmental Planning, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Robert Arlinghaus
- Department of Biology and Ecology of Fishes, Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Berlin, Germany
- Division for Integrative Fisheries Management, Albrecht Daniel Thaer-Institute of Agriculture and Horticulture, Faculty of Life Science, Humbolt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Väätäinen R, Huuskonen H, Hyvärinen P, Kekäläinen J, Kortet R, Arnedo MT, Vainikka A. Do Metabolic Traits, Vulnerability to Angling, or Capture Method Explain Boldness Variation in Eurasian Perch? Physiol Biochem Zool 2019; 91:1115-1128. [PMID: 30295572 DOI: 10.1086/700434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The pace-of-life syndrome (POLS) concept predicts that individuals with high baseline metabolic rates demonstrate high boldness, aggressiveness, and activity, especially in food acquisition, with associated relatively greater energy requirements. In fishes, these behaviors may increase individual vulnerability to angling. To test the predictions of the POLS concept, we quantified individual standard metabolic rate (SMR) and boldness in both wild-caught and hatchery-reared Eurasian perch (Perca fluviatilis). We found both SMR and boldness to be repeatable traits but detected no correlation between them. Individual vulnerability to angling was assessed in the hatchery-reared perch, but we found no difference in boldness or SMR between vulnerable and nonvulnerable perch. Wild-caught perch were ice fished using either natural or artificial bait, and we observed no differences in boldness or SMR with respect to bait type or capture order. Our findings do not support the predictions of the POLS concept and, consistent with earlier studies in perch, suggest that angling may not drive selection against boldness in this species.
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Johnston FD, Allen MS, Beardmore B, Riepe C, Pagel T, Hühn D, Arlinghaus R. How ecological processes shape the outcomes of stock enhancement and harvest regulations in recreational fisheries. Ecol Appl 2018; 28:2033-2054. [PMID: 30144215 DOI: 10.1002/eap.1793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Revised: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Fish stocking and harvest regulations are frequently used to maintain or enhance freshwater recreational fisheries and contribute to fish conservation. However, their relative effectiveness has rarely been systematically evaluated using quantitative models that account for key size- and density-dependent ecological processes and adaptive responses of anglers. We present an integrated model of freshwater recreational fisheries where the population dynamics of two model species affect the effort dynamics of recreational anglers. With this model, we examined how stocking various fish densities and sizes (fry, fingerlings, and adults) performed relative to minimum-length limits using a variety of biological, social, and economic performance measures, while evaluating trade-offs. Four key findings are highlighted. First, stocking often augmented the exploited fish population, but size- and density-dependent bottlenecks limited the number of fry and fingerlings surviving to a catchable size in self-sustaining populations. The greatest enhancement of the catchable fish population occurred when large fish that escaped early bottlenecks were stocked, but this came at the cost of wild-stock replacement, thereby demonstrating a fundamental trade-off between fisheries benefits and conservation. Second, the relative performance of stocking naturally reproducing populations was largely independent of habitat quality and was generally low. Third, stocking was only economically advisable when natural reproduction was impaired or absent, stocking rates were low, and enough anglers benefitted from stocking to offset the associated costs. Fourth, in self-sustaining fish populations, minimum-length limits generally outperformed stocking when judged against a range of biological, social and economic objectives. By contrast, stocking in culture-based fisheries often generated substantial benefits. Collectively, our study demonstrates that size- and density-dependent processes, and broadly the degree of natural recruitment, drive the biological, social, and economic outcomes of popular management actions in recreational fisheries. To evaluate these outcomes and the resulting trade-offs, integrated fisheries-management models that explicitly consider the feedbacks among ecological and social processes are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiona D Johnston
- Department of Biology and Ecology of Fishes, Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Müggelseedamm 310, 12587, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive N.W., Calgary, Alberta, T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Micheal S Allen
- Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences Program, School of Forest Resources and Conservation, The University of Florida, 7922 NW 71st Street, Gainesville, Florida, 32653-3071, USA
| | - Ben Beardmore
- Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, Madison, Wisconsin, 53703, USA
| | - Carsten Riepe
- Department of Biology and Ecology of Fishes, Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Müggelseedamm 310, 12587, Berlin, Germany
| | - Thilo Pagel
- Department of Biology and Ecology of Fishes, Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Müggelseedamm 310, 12587, Berlin, Germany
| | - Daniel Hühn
- Department of Biology and Ecology of Fishes, Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Müggelseedamm 310, 12587, Berlin, Germany
| | - Robert Arlinghaus
- Department of Biology and Ecology of Fishes, Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Müggelseedamm 310, 12587, Berlin, Germany
- Division of Integrative Fisheries Management, Faculty of Life Sciences, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Philippstrasse 13, Haus 7, 10115, Berlin, Germany
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Hall KC, Broadhurst MK, Butcher PA, Cameron L, Rowland SJ, Millar RB. Sublethal effects of angling and release on golden perch Macquaria ambigua: implications for reproduction and fish health. J Fish Biol 2017; 90:1980-1998. [PMID: 28349540 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.13282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 01/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The present study tested the hypothesis of no delayed sublethal effects of mild angling and release on the feeding, growth, somatic condition and gonadal development of golden perch Macquaria ambigua during gametogenesis. Subsamples of adult M. ambigua (n = 17-21 of 207), originally captured from the wild and stocked into ten 0·1 ha earthen ponds, were angled and released during early and late gametogenesis. Wild samples that were concurrently collected throughout the experiment underwent rapid and synchronous gonadal development and many spawned. While no spawning occurred in the ponds, most M. ambigua underwent normal gonadal development to maturity, including the angled fish. Angled fish also fed, maintained condition and actually grew faster than non-angled captive controls. Although females that were angled during late gametogenesis more readily ingested and retained baited hooks, neither their subsequent condition nor gonadal development was significantly affected. The predominance of null results was attributed to the combined effects of the flexible reproductive strategy of M. ambigua, the benignness of mouth hooking and immediate release, and possible methodological issues arising from differential hooking success of more aggressive and resilient individuals. The findings support earlier catch-and-release research, but contrast with reports of acute reproductive effects following capture and handling for aquaculture broodstock. This discrepancy highlights the need for research to specifically address welfare questions relevant to recreational fisheries across various species and angling scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- K C Hall
- New South Wales Department of Primary Industries, National Marine Science Centre, PO Box 4321, Coffs Harbour, NSW, 2450, Australia
| | - M K Broadhurst
- New South Wales Department of Primary Industries, National Marine Science Centre, PO Box 4321, Coffs Harbour, NSW, 2450, Australia
| | - P A Butcher
- New South Wales Department of Primary Industries, National Marine Science Centre, PO Box 4321, Coffs Harbour, NSW, 2450, Australia
| | - L Cameron
- New South Wales Department of Primary Industries, Grafton Fisheries Centre, Private Mail Bag 2, Grafton, NSW, 2460, Australia
| | - S J Rowland
- New South Wales Department of Primary Industries, Grafton Fisheries Centre, Private Mail Bag 2, Grafton, NSW, 2460, Australia
| | - R B Millar
- Department of Statistics, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand
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Miyazaki Y, Teramura A, Senou H. Biodiversity data mining from Argus-eyed citizens: the first illegal introduction record of Lepomis macrochirus macrochirus Rafinesque, 1819 in Japan based on Twitter information. Zookeys 2016:123-33. [PMID: 27110154 PMCID: PMC4829683 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.569.7577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 01/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
An apparent illegal introduction of Lepomismacrochirusmacrochirus from Yokohama City, Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan, is reported based on a juvenile specimen and a photograph of two adults collected on 14 June 2015 and deposited in the Kangawa Prefectural Museum of Natural History. The specimens and photographs were initially reported on the internet-based social networking site, Twitter. Two specimens of Carassiusauratus, including an aquarium form, were also reported at the same locality and date, suggesting that the illegal introductions originated from an aquarium release. Our report demonstrates an example of web data mining in the discipline of Citizen Science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Miyazaki
- Kanagawa Prefectural Museum of Natural History, 499 Iryuda, Odawara-shi, Kanagawa 250-0031, Japan
| | - Akinori Teramura
- Faculty of Marine Science, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, 4-5-7 Konan, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Senou
- Kanagawa Prefectural Museum of Natural History, 499 Iryuda, Odawara-shi, Kanagawa 250-0031, Japan
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Havn TB, Uglem I, Solem Ø, Cooke SJ, Whoriskey FG, Thorstad EB. The effect of catch-and-release angling at high water temperatures on behaviour and survival of Atlantic salmon Salmo salar during spawning migration. J Fish Biol 2015; 87:342-359. [PMID: 26179562 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.12722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2014] [Accepted: 05/14/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In this study, behaviour and survival following catch-and-release (C&R) angling was investigated in wild Atlantic salmon Salmo salar (n = 75) angled on sport fishing gear in the River Otra in southern Norway at water temperatures of 16.3-21.1 °C. Salmo salar were tagged externally with radio transmitters and immediately released back into the river to simulate a realistic C&R situation. The majority of S. salar (91%) survived C&R. Most S. salar that were present in the River Otra during the spawning period 3-4 months later were located at known spawning grounds. Downstream movements (median furthest position: 0.5 km, range: 0.1-11.0 km) during the first 4 days after release were recorded for 72% of S. salar, presumably stress-induced fallback associated with C&R. Individuals that fell back spent a median of 15 days before commencing their first upstream movement after release, and 34 days before they returned to or were located above their release site. Mortality appeared to be somewhat elevated at the higher end of the temperature range (14% at 18-21 °C), although sample sizes were low. In conclusion, C&R at water temperatures up to 18 °C had small behavioural consequences and was associated with low mortality (7%). Nevertheless, low levels of mortality occur due to C&R angling and these losses should be accounted for by management authorities in rivers where C&R is practised. Refinement of best practices for C&R may help to reduce mortality, particularly at warmer temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- T B Havn
- Norwegian Institute for Nature Research, Høgskoleringen 9, NO-7034, Trondheim, Norway
| | - I Uglem
- Norwegian Institute for Nature Research, Høgskoleringen 9, NO-7034, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Ø Solem
- Norwegian Institute for Nature Research, Høgskoleringen 9, NO-7034, Trondheim, Norway
| | - S J Cooke
- Fish Ecology and Conservation Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, ON, K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - F G Whoriskey
- Ocean Tracking Network, Dalhousie University, 1355 Oxford Street, Halifax, NS, B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - E B Thorstad
- Norwegian Institute for Nature Research, Høgskoleringen 9, NO-7034, Trondheim, Norway
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15
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Young MAL, Foale S, Bellwood DR. Dynamic catch trends in the history of recreational spearfishing in Australia. Conserv Biol 2015; 29:784-794. [PMID: 25627009 DOI: 10.1111/cobi.12456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2014] [Accepted: 10/19/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The sustained decline in marine fisheries worldwide underscores the need to understand and monitor fisheries trends and fisher behavior. Recreational fisheries are unique in that they are not subject to the typical drivers that influence commercial and artisanal fisheries (e.g., markets or food security). Nevertheless, although exposed to a different set of drivers (i.e., interest or relaxation), recreational fisheries can contribute to fishery declines. Recreational fisheries are also difficult to assess due to an absence of past monitoring and traditional fisheries data. Therefore, we utilized a nontraditional data source (a chronology of spearfishing publications) to document historical trends in recreational spearfishing in Australia between 1952 and 2009. We extracted data on reported fish captures, advertising, and spearfisher commentary and used regression models and ordination analyses to assess historical change. The proportion of coastal fish captures reported declined approximately 80%, whereas the proportion of coral reef and pelagic fish reports increased 1750% and 560%, respectively. Catch composition shifted markedly from coastal temperate or subtropical fishes during the 1950s to 1970s to coral reef and pelagic species in the 1990s to 2000s. Advertising data and commentary by spearfishers indicated that pelagic fish species became desired targets. The mean weight of trophy coral reef fishes also declined significantly over the study period (from approximately 30-8 kg). Recreational fishing presents a highly dynamic social-ecological interface and a challenge for management. Our results emphasize the need for regulatory agencies to work closely with recreational fishing bodies to observe fisher behavior, detect shifts in target species or fishing intensity, and adapt regulatory measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew A L Young
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies and College of Marine and Environmental Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, 4811, Australia.
| | - Simon Foale
- College of Arts, Society and Education, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, 4811, Australia
| | - David R Bellwood
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies and College of Marine and Environmental Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, 4811, Australia
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16
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Thériault V, Dunlop ES, Dieckmann U, Bernatchez L, Dodson JJ. The impact of fishing-induced mortality on the evolution of alternative life-history tactics in brook charr. Evol Appl 2015; 1:409-23. [PMID: 25567640 PMCID: PMC3352438 DOI: 10.1111/j.1752-4571.2008.00022.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2007] [Accepted: 01/28/2008] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Although contemporary trends indicative of evolutionary change have been detected in the life-history traits of exploited populations, it is not known to what extent fishing influences the evolution of alternative life-history tactics in migratory species such as salmonids. Here, we build a model to predict the evolution of anadromy and residency in an exploited population of brook charr, Salvelinus fontinalis. Our model allows for both phenotypic plasticity and genetic change in the age and size at migration by including migration reaction norms. Using this model, we predict that fishing of anadromous individuals over the course of 100 years causes evolution in the migration reaction norm, resulting in a decrease in average probabilities of migration with increasing harvest rate. Moreover, we show that differences in natural mortalities in freshwater greatly influence the magnitude and rate of evolutionary change. The fishing-induced changes in migration predicted by our model alter population abundances and reproductive output and should be accounted for in the sustainable management of salmonids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Véronique Thériault
- Département de Biologie, Centre Interuniversitaire de Recherche sur le Saumon Atlantique (CIRSA), Université Laval, Cité Universitaire Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Erin S Dunlop
- Institute of Marine Research Bergen, Norway ; Department of Biology, University of Bergen Bergen, Norway
| | - Ulf Dieckmann
- Evolution and Ecology Program, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis Laxenburg, Austria
| | - Louis Bernatchez
- Département de Biologie, Centre Interuniversitaire de Recherche sur le Saumon Atlantique (CIRSA), Université Laval, Cité Universitaire Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Julian J Dodson
- Département de Biologie, Centre Interuniversitaire de Recherche sur le Saumon Atlantique (CIRSA), Université Laval, Cité Universitaire Québec, QC, Canada
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Alós J, Palmer M, Linde-Medina M, Arlinghaus R. Consistent size-independent harvest selection on fish body shape in two recreationally exploited marine species. Ecol Evol 2014; 4:2154-64. [PMID: 25360257 PMCID: PMC4201430 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.1075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2013] [Revised: 03/25/2014] [Accepted: 03/26/2014] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Harvesting wild animals may exert size-independent selection pressures on a range of morphological, life history, and behavioral traits. Most work so far has focused on selection pressures on life history traits and body size as morphological trait. We studied here how recreational fishing selects for morphological traits related to body shape, which may correlate with underlying swimming behavior. Using landmark-based geometric morphometrics, we found consistent recreational fishing-induced selection pressures on body shape in two recreationally exploited marine fish species. We show that individuals with larger-sized mouths and more streamlined and elongated bodies were more vulnerable to passively operated hook-and-line fishing independent of the individual's body size or condition. While the greater vulnerability of individuals with larger mouth gapes can be explained by the direct physical interaction with hooks, selection against streamlined and elongated individuals could either involve a specific foraging mode or relate to underlying elevated swimming behavior. Harvesting using passive gear is common around the globe, and thus, size-independent selection on body shape is expected to be widespread potentially leaving behind individuals with smaller oral gapes and more compact bodies. This might have repercussions for food webs by altering foraging and predation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josep Alós
- Instituto Mediterráneo de Estudios Avanzados, IMEDEA (CSIC-UIB) C/Miquel Marqués 21, 07190, Esporles, Illes Balears, Spain ; Department of Biology and Ecology of Fishes, Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries Müggelseedamm 310, 12587, Berlin, Germany
| | - Miquel Palmer
- Instituto Mediterráneo de Estudios Avanzados, IMEDEA (CSIC-UIB) C/Miquel Marqués 21, 07190, Esporles, Illes Balears, Spain
| | - Marta Linde-Medina
- Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester M13 9PT Manchester, U.K
| | - Robert Arlinghaus
- Department of Biology and Ecology of Fishes, Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries Müggelseedamm 310, 12587, Berlin, Germany ; Chair of Integrative Fisheries Management and Integrative Research Institute for the Transformation of Human-Environment Systems (IRI THESys), Faculty of Life Sciences, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin Invalidenstrasse 42, 10115, Berlin, Germany
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