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Lim W. The test-induced warm-up effect on hamstring flexibility tests. Hong Kong Physiother J 2024; 44:119-125. [PMID: 38510156 PMCID: PMC10949106 DOI: 10.1142/s1013702524500094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Although the effect of active warm-up (WU) on acute flexibility enhancement is well documented, the test-induced WU effect in muscle length test has not been widely studied. Objective This study aimed to verify the test-induced WU effect on hamstring flexibility tests. Methods The active knee extension (AKE) was performed using the right leg, whereas the straight leg raise (SLR) was performed using the left leg. Ten trials of AKE or SLR were performed: two as the pre-intervention trials (Pre); six as the WU intervention; and another two trials as the post-intervention (Post). During WU, subjects in the WO-Hold group performed six trials of the AKE or SLR without hold, and those in the W-Hold group performed six trials of the AKE or SLR with a 5 s hold. Results A significant difference was noted between Pre-AKE and Post-AKE, and between Pre-SLR and Post-SLR, respectively, in both the groups. The effect of WU is clear when performing consecutive AKE or SLR without any additional hold. Conclusion Practitioners should be cautious in interpreting the testing result to avoid overestimation of the treatment effect since the test itself may induce substantial WU effect to the target tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wootaek Lim
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health and Welfare, Woosong University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Digital Bio-Health Convergence, College of Health and Welfare, Woosong University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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Ciuffreda G, Bueno-Gracia E, Albarova-Corral I, Montaner-Cuello A, Pérez-Rey J, Pardos-Aguilella P, Malo-Urriés M, Estébanez-de-Miguel E. In Vivo Effects of Joint Movement on Nerve Mechanical Properties Assessed with Shear-Wave Elastography: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Diagnostics (Basel) 2024; 14:343. [PMID: 38337859 PMCID: PMC10855485 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14030343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Peripheral nerves are subjected to mechanical tension during limb movements and body postures. Nerve response to tensile stress can be assessed in vivo with shear-wave elastography (SWE). Greater tensile loads can lead to greater stiffness, which can be quantified using SWE. Therefore, this study aimed to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to perform an overview of the effect of joint movements on nerve mechanical properties in healthy nerves. The initial search (July 2023) yielded 501 records from six databases (PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane, and Science Direct). A total of 16 studies were included and assessed with a modified version of the Downs and Black checklist. Our results suggest an overall tendency for stiffness increase according to a pattern of neural tensioning. The main findings from the meta-analysis showed a significant increase in nerve stiffness for the median nerve with wrist extension (SMD [95%CI]: 3.16 [1.20, 5.12]), the ulnar nerve with elbow flexion (SMD [95%CI]: 2.91 [1.88, 3.95]), the sciatic nerve with ankle dorsiflexion (SMD [95%CI]: 1.13 [0.79, 1.47]), and the tibial nerve with both hip flexion (SMD [95%CI]: 2.14 [1.76, 2.51]) and ankle dorsiflexion (SMD [95%CI]: 1.52 [1.02, 2.02]). The effect of joint movement on nerve stiffness also depends on the nerve segment, the amount of movement of the joint mobilized, and the position of other joints comprised in the entirety of the nerve length. However, due to the limited number of studies, many aspects of nerve behavior together with the effect of using different ultrasound equipment or transducers for nerve stiffness evaluation still need to be fully investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianluca Ciuffreda
- Department of Physiatry and Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, Calle Domingo Miral S/N, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (E.B.-G.); (I.A.-C.); (A.M.-C.); (J.P.-R.); (P.P.-A.); (M.M.-U.)
| | - Elena Bueno-Gracia
- Department of Physiatry and Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, Calle Domingo Miral S/N, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (E.B.-G.); (I.A.-C.); (A.M.-C.); (J.P.-R.); (P.P.-A.); (M.M.-U.)
- PhysiUZerapy: Health Sciences Research Group, University of Zaragoza, Calle Domingo Miral S/N, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Isabel Albarova-Corral
- Department of Physiatry and Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, Calle Domingo Miral S/N, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (E.B.-G.); (I.A.-C.); (A.M.-C.); (J.P.-R.); (P.P.-A.); (M.M.-U.)
- PhysiUZerapy: Health Sciences Research Group, University of Zaragoza, Calle Domingo Miral S/N, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Alberto Montaner-Cuello
- Department of Physiatry and Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, Calle Domingo Miral S/N, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (E.B.-G.); (I.A.-C.); (A.M.-C.); (J.P.-R.); (P.P.-A.); (M.M.-U.)
- PhysiUZerapy: Health Sciences Research Group, University of Zaragoza, Calle Domingo Miral S/N, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Jorge Pérez-Rey
- Department of Physiatry and Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, Calle Domingo Miral S/N, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (E.B.-G.); (I.A.-C.); (A.M.-C.); (J.P.-R.); (P.P.-A.); (M.M.-U.)
- PhysiUZerapy: Health Sciences Research Group, University of Zaragoza, Calle Domingo Miral S/N, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Pilar Pardos-Aguilella
- Department of Physiatry and Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, Calle Domingo Miral S/N, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (E.B.-G.); (I.A.-C.); (A.M.-C.); (J.P.-R.); (P.P.-A.); (M.M.-U.)
- PhysiUZerapy: Health Sciences Research Group, University of Zaragoza, Calle Domingo Miral S/N, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Miguel Malo-Urriés
- Department of Physiatry and Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, Calle Domingo Miral S/N, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (E.B.-G.); (I.A.-C.); (A.M.-C.); (J.P.-R.); (P.P.-A.); (M.M.-U.)
- PhysiUZerapy: Health Sciences Research Group, University of Zaragoza, Calle Domingo Miral S/N, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Elena Estébanez-de-Miguel
- Department of Physiatry and Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, Calle Domingo Miral S/N, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (E.B.-G.); (I.A.-C.); (A.M.-C.); (J.P.-R.); (P.P.-A.); (M.M.-U.)
- PhysiUZerapy: Health Sciences Research Group, University of Zaragoza, Calle Domingo Miral S/N, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
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Montaner-Cuello A, Bueno-Gracia E, Rodríguez-Mena D, Estébanez-de-Miguel E, Malo-Urriés M, Ciuffreda G, Caudevilla-Polo S. Is the Straight Leg Raise Suitable for the Diagnosis of Radiculopathy? Analysis of Diagnostic Accuracy in a Phase III Study. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:3138. [PMID: 38132028 PMCID: PMC10742430 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11243138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The straight leg raise test (SLR) has been proposed to detect increased nerve mechanosensitivity of the lower limbs in individuals with low back pain. However, its validity in the diagnosis of lumbosacral radiculopathy shows very variable results. The aim of this study was to analyse the diagnostic validity of the SLR including well-defined diagnostic criteria (a change in symptoms with the structural differentiation manoeuvre and the reproduction of the patient's symptoms during the test or the asymmetries in the range of motion or symptoms location between limbs) in a sample of participants in phase III with suspicion of lumbar radiculopathy using the electrodiagnostic studies (EDX) as the reference standard. A phase III diagnostic accuracy study was designed. In total, 142 individuals with suspected lumbosacral radiculopathy referred for EDX participated in the study. Each participant was tested with EDX and SLR. SLR was considered positive using three diagnostic criteria. The sensitivity of the SLR for Criterion 3 was 89.02% (CI 81.65-96.40), the specificity was 25.00% (CI 13.21-36.79), and the positive and negative likelihood ratios were 1.19 (CI 1.01-1.40) and 0.44 (0.21-0.94), respectively. SLR showed limited validity in the diagnosis of lumbosacral radiculopathy. The incorporation of more objective diagnostic criteria (asymmetry in range of motion or localisation of symptoms) improved the diagnostic validity but the imprecision of the confidence intervals limited the interpretation of the results.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elena Bueno-Gracia
- Physiatry and Nursery Department, Health Sciences Faculty, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (A.M.-C.); (D.R.-M.); (E.E.-d.-M.); (M.M.-U.); (G.C.); (S.C.-P.)
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Karanjkar SM, Dhage P. "Mulligan Bent Leg Raise" Technique in Avascular Necrosis. Cureus 2023; 15:e50727. [PMID: 38234929 PMCID: PMC10793636 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.50727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
This case report examines the effectiveness of the "Mulligan bent leg raise" (MBLR) method for treating femoral head avascular necrosis (AVN). A professional physiotherapist directed a six-week rehabilitation program for a 37-year-old male patient with AVN that included this innovative physiotherapeutic method. According to radiographic results and standardized evaluations, the patient showed significant improvements in hip range of motion, functional ability, and pain levels. As a viable supplement to conventional rehabilitation techniques, the MBLR method has shown promise in improving joint function and reducing symptoms in individuals with acute compartment syndrome. The present study provides significant contributions to the discipline. It highlights the necessity for more investigation to examine the wider relevance and enduring effectiveness of this methodology in various population affected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samruddhi M Karanjkar
- Physiotherapy, Ravi Nair Physiotherapy College, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences, Wardha, IND
| | - Pooja Dhage
- Musculoskeletal Physiotherapy, Ravi Nair Physiotherapy College, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences, Wardha, IND
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Abstract
With the advent of high-resolution esophageal manometry, it is recognized that the antireflux barrier receives a contribution from both the lower esophageal sphincter (intrinsic sphincter) and the muscle of the crural diaphragm (extrinsic sphincter). Further, an increased intra-abdominal pressure is a major force responsible for an adaptive response of a competent sphincter or the disruption of the esophagogastric junction resulting in gastroesophageal reflux, especially in the presence of a hiatal hernia. This review describes how the pressure dynamics in the lower esophageal sphincter were discovered and measured over time and how this has influenced the development of antireflux surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Siboni
- Division of General and Foregut Surgery, Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese
| | - Luigi Bonavina
- Division of General and Foregut Surgery, Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese
| | | | - Ciara Egan
- Humanitas University, Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan
| | - Edoardo Savarino
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Surgery, Oncology, and Gastroenterology, University Hospital of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Tom R. DeMeester
- Emeritus, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Montague, MI
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Tian J, Wang H, Zheng S, Ning Y, Zhang X, Niu J, Vladareanu L. sEMG-Based Gain-Tuned Compliance Control for the Lower Limb Rehabilitation Robot during Passive Training. Sensors (Basel) 2022; 22:7890. [PMID: 36298256 PMCID: PMC9611623 DOI: 10.3390/s22207890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The lower limb rehabilitation robot is a typical man-machine coupling system. Aiming at the problems of insufficient physiological information and unsatisfactory safety performance in the compliance control strategy for the lower limb rehabilitation robot during passive training, this study developed a surface electromyography-based gain-tuned compliance control (EGCC) strategy for the lower limb rehabilitation robot. First, the mapping function relationship between the normalized surface electromyography (sEMG) signal and the gain parameter was established and an overall EGCC strategy proposed. Next, the EGCC strategy without sEMG information was simulated and analyzed. The effects of the impedance control parameters on the position correction amount were studied, and the change rules of the robot end trajectory, man-machine contact force, and position correction amount analyzed in different training modes. Then, the sEMG signal acquisition and feature analysis of target muscle groups under different training modes were carried out. Finally, based on the lower limb rehabilitation robot control system, the influence of normalized sEMG threshold on the robot end trajectory and gain parameters under different training modes was experimentally studied. The simulation and experimental results show that the adoption of the EGCC strategy can significantly enhance the compliance of the robot end-effector by detecting the sEMG signal and improve the safety of the robot in different training modes, indicating the EGCC strategy has good application prospects in the rehabilitation robot field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Tian
- Parallel Robot and Mechatronic System Laboratory of Hebei Province, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
| | - Hongbo Wang
- Parallel Robot and Mechatronic System Laboratory of Hebei Province, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
- Academy for Engineering & Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Siyuan Zheng
- Parallel Robot and Mechatronic System Laboratory of Hebei Province, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
| | - Yuansheng Ning
- Parallel Robot and Mechatronic System Laboratory of Hebei Province, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
| | - Xingchao Zhang
- Parallel Robot and Mechatronic System Laboratory of Hebei Province, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
| | - Jianye Niu
- Parallel Robot and Mechatronic System Laboratory of Hebei Province, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
| | - Luige Vladareanu
- Institute of Solid Mechanics of the Romanian Academy, 010141 Bucharest, Romania
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Ariel E, Levkovitz Y, Goor-Aryeh I, Motti R. The effects of TENS, interferential stimulation, and combined interferential stimulation and pulsed ultrasound on patients with disc herniation-induced radicular pain. J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil 2022; 35:363-371. [PMID: 34180407 DOI: 10.3233/bmr-200302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Electrotherapy is part of a physician's toolbox for treating various musculoskeletal conditions, including radicular pain, but the preferred modality is yet unclear. OBJECTIVE To compare the short-term efficacy of three electrotherapeutic modalities in relieving lumbar disc herniation (LDH)-induced radicular pain. METHODS Fourteen patients with LDH-induced radicular pain attended a single session of electrotherapy, which included four 10-min consecutive treatments: transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS), interferential (IF) stimulation, a combined treatment with pulsed ultrasound and IF current (CTPI), and a sham control. Treatments were randomized and the straight leg raise (SLR) degree was measured immediately before and after each treatment. RESULTS Each of the three active modalities significantly improved the SLR score. The most prominent improvement was observed in the CTPI condition, followed by IF and, finally, TENS. The sham stimulation did not affect the SLR scores. CONCLUSIONS A single session with either TENS, IF current or CTPI is sufficient to improve the range of motion and degree of radicular pain associated with LDH. CTPI appears to be the most effective modality of the three, possibly due to greater penetration efficiency of the induced current. The effects of a long-term treatment schedule are yet to be identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Efrat Ariel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | | | - Itay Goor-Aryeh
- Pain Clinic, Sheba Medical Center, Tel HaShomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Ratmansky Motti
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Pain Clinic, Sheba Medical Center, Tel HaShomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
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Suh J, Liow MHL, Pua YH, Chew ESX, Chia SL, Lo NN, Yeo SJ, Chen JY. Early postoperative straight leg raise is associated with shorter length of stay after unilateral total knee arthroplasty. J Orthop Surg (Hong Kong) 2021; 29:23094990211002294. [PMID: 33779408 DOI: 10.1177/23094990211002294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Shorter length of stay (LOS) after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is cost-effective. Straight leg raise (SLR) is a common exercise prescribed after TKA, but the significance of early postoperative SLR is unknown. The primary aim of this study is to evaluate the association between early postoperative SLR and LOS. Secondary aims are to explore associations among early postoperative SLR, time to ambulation, and time to stairs climbing and identify factors related to postoperative SLR. METHODS 888 TKAs (888 knees, 865 patients) performed at a tertiary hospital in 2016 were included for this retrospective study. All TKAs were performed with medial parapatellar approach and tourniquet. Time to events (SLR, ambulation, stair climbing), LOS and factors influencing these events were analysed using a multivariate Poisson regression model and logistic regression. RESULTS Patients who performed SLR on postoperative day 1 (POD1) had shorter LOS than those who did not (adjusted Mean Ratio (aMR) = 0.846, p < 0.001), with estimated mean LOS being 3.5 days and 4.1 days, respectively. Performing SLR on POD1 was also associated with shorter time to ambulation (aMR = 0.789; p < 0.001) and stair climbing (aMR = 0.811, p < 0.001). Female gender and higher rest pain on POD1 were associated with delayed postoperative SLR. CONCLUSION Performing SLR on POD1 after TKA is associated with shorter LOS, time to ambulation, and time to stair climbing. Early postoperative SLR can prognosticate early recovery and discharge. Optimization of preoperative muscle strength and postoperative pain may be important in early recovery after TKA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jimin Suh
- 77649Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
| | | | - Yong Hao Pua
- Department of Physiotherapy, 37581Singapore General Hospital, Singapore
| | | | - Shi-Lu Chia
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, 37581Singapore General Hospital, Singapore
| | - Ngai Nung Lo
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, 37581Singapore General Hospital, Singapore
| | - Seng-Jin Yeo
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, 37581Singapore General Hospital, Singapore
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Rogers B, Hasak S, Hansalia V, Gyawali CP. Trans-esophagogastric junction pressure gradients during straight leg raise maneuver on high-resolution manometry associate with large hiatus hernias. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2020; 32:e13836. [PMID: 32163648 DOI: 10.1111/nmo.13836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Straight leg raise (SLR) while supine increases intra-abdominal pressure. We hypothesized that elevations in intra-abdominal pressure would transmit into the thoracic cavity if the esophagogastric junction (EGJ) was disrupted. METHODS Consecutive patients undergoing esophageal HRM were included if they had adequate SLR (hip flexion with knees extended for ≥ 5 seconds while supine). EGJ morphology was subtyped based on lower esophageal sphincter (LES) and crural diaphragm (CD) location (type 1: LES and CD overlap; type 2: separation of < 3 cm; type 3: separation of ≥ 3 cm). EGJ tone was assessed using EGJ contractile integral (EGJ-CI). HRM studies were analyzed according to Chicago Classification v3.0. Mean and peak intra-thoracic and abdominal pressures were measured at baseline and during SLR using on-screen software tools. Trans-EGJ gradients were compared, and pressure gradient < 1 mmHg denoted the equalization of pressures. KEY RESULTS Of 430 patients, 248 (57.5 ± 0.9 years, 69.4% F) completed SLR. EGJ morphology was type 1 in 122 (49.2%), type 2 in 56 (22.6%) and type 3 in 40 (16.1%). In types 1 and 2 EGJ, neither the mean nor peak trans-EGJ pressure gradient changed with SLR (P ≥ .17 for each). In contrast, in type 3 EGJ, peak pressure gradient decreased significantly following SLR (3.5 ± 1.8 mmHg vs. -8.6 ± 4.8 mmHg, P = .01). More type 3 EGJ patients equalized peak (65%) pressures across EGJ compared with types 1 and 2 (27%, P < .001). CONCLUSIONS AND INFERENCES The evaluation of intra-abdominal and intra-thoracic pressures with SLR during esophageal HRM can provide evidence of physiological disruption of the EGJ barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Rogers
- Division of Gastroenterology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Stephen Hasak
- Division of Gastroenterology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Vivek Hansalia
- Division of Gastroenterology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - C Prakash Gyawali
- Division of Gastroenterology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
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Donti O, Gaspari V, Papia K, Panidi I, Donti A, Bogdanis GC. Acute Effects of Intermittent and Continuous Static Stretching on Hip Flexion Angle in Athletes with Varying Flexibility Training Background. Sports (Basel) 2020; 8:E28. [PMID: 32138183 DOI: 10.3390/sports8030028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2020] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Τhis study examined changes in hip joint flexion angle after an intermittent or a continuous static stretching protocol of equal total duration. Twenty-seven female subjects aged 19.9 ± 3.0 years (14 artistic and rhythmic gymnasts and 13 team sports athletes), performed 3 min of intermittent (6 × 30 s with 30 s rest) or continuous static stretching (3 min) of the hip extensors, with an intensity of 80–90 on a 100-point visual analogue scale. The order of stretching was randomized and counterbalanced, and each subject performed both conditions. Hip flexion angle was measured with the straight leg raise test for both legs after warm-up and immediately after stretching. Both stretching types equally increased hip flexion angle by ~6% (continuous: 140.9° ± 20.4° to 148.6° ± 18.8°, p = 0.047; intermittent: 141.8° ± 20.3° to 150.0° ± 18.8°, p = 0.029) in artistic and rhythmic gymnasts. In contrast, in team sports athletes, only intermittent stretching increased hip flexion angle by 13% (from 91.0° ± 7.2° to 102.4° ± 14.5°, p = 0.001), while continuous stretching did not affect hip angle (from 92.4° ± 6.9° vs. 93.1° ± 9.2°, p = 0.99). The different effect of intermittent vs. continuous stretching on hip flexion between gymnasts and team sports athletes suggests that responses to static stretching are dependent on stretching mode and participants training experience.
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Murray D, Clarkson C. Effects of moving cupping therapy on hip and knee range of movement and knee flexion power: a preliminary investigation. J Man Manip Ther 2019; 27:287-294. [PMID: 31002024 DOI: 10.1080/10669817.2019.1600892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Cupping therapy has become more popular in the sports setting because of its simplicity in application, minimal adverse effects, and reduction in pain and muscle tenderness, yet there is little research on its effectiveness for range of movement and power.Objectives: The primary aim of this study was to investigate if a single session of moving cupping to the posterior aspect of the lower limb effects hip and knee range of movement and knee flexion power. The secondary aim was to consider participants' views and perceptions of moving cupping therapy.Methods: Twenty-one healthy participants (12 male and 9 female) aged between 19 and 31 years volunteered to take part in the study. All participants received 15 min of moving cupping therapy to their dominant posterior lower extremity. Hip and knee range of movement and knee flexion isokinetic power measurements were taken prior to and immediately after the moving cupping intervention. Participants also completed a questionnaire based on their experience and perceptions of cupping.Results: Results showed a significant increase (p = <.05) in hip and knee range of movement measurements by 7% in the straight leg raise and 4% in a popliteal angle test. However, no significant changes were seen in the knee flexion power measures. Data from the questionnaire suggest that despite moving cupping being reported as 'uncomfortable' it is considered acceptable.Discussion: Moving cupping therapy may have short-term changes to range of movement but not power, though the limitations of this study mean that rigorous studies are required before the effectiveness of moving cupping can be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana Murray
- Sport Exercise and Rehabilitation, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon tyne, England
| | - Carl Clarkson
- Sport Exercise and Rehabilitation, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon tyne, England
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Louw A, Farrell K, Landers M, Barclay M, Goodman E, Gillund J, McCaffrey S, Timmerman L. The effect of manual therapy and neuroplasticity education on chronic low back pain: a randomized clinical trial. J Man Manip Ther 2016; 25:227-234. [PMID: 29449764 DOI: 10.1080/10669817.2016.1231860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To determine if a neuroplasticity educational explanation for a manual therapy technique will produce a different outcome compared to a traditional mechanical explanation. Methods Sixty-two patients with chronic low back pain (CLBP) were recruited for the study. Following consent, demographic data were obtained as well as pain ratings for low back pain (LBP) and leg pain (Numeric Pain Rating Scale), disability (Oswestry Disability Index), fear-avoidance (Fear-Avoidance-Beliefs Questionnaire), forward flexion (fingertips-to-floor), and straight leg raise (SLR) (inclinometer). Patients were then randomly allocated to receive one of two explanations (neuroplasticity or mechanical), a manual therapy technique to their lumbar spine, followed by post-intervention measurements of LBP, leg pain, forward flexion, and SLR. Results Sixty-two patients (female 35 [56.5%]), with a mean age of 60.1 years and mean duration of 9.26 years of CLBP participated in the study. There were no statistically significant interactions for LBP (p = .325), leg pain (p = .172), and trunk flexion (p = .818) between the groups, but SLR showed a significant difference in favor of the neuroplasticity explanation (p = .041). Additionally, the neuroplasticity group were 7.2 times (95% confidence interval = 1.8-28.6) more likely to improve beyond the MDC on the SLR than participants in the mechanical group. Discussion The results of this study show that a neuroplasticity explanation, compared to a traditional biomechanical explanation, resulted in a measureable difference in SLR in patients with CLBP when receiving manual therapy. Future studies need to explore if the increase in SLR correlated to changes in cortical maps of the low back.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriaan Louw
- International Spine and Pain Institute, Story City, IA, USA
| | - Kevin Farrell
- Department of Physical Therapy Education, Residency Program, St. Ambrose University, Davenport, IA, USA
| | - Merrill Landers
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Allied Health Sciences, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV, USA
| | - Martin Barclay
- Department of Physical Therapy Education, Residency Program, St. Ambrose University, Davenport, IA, USA
| | - Elise Goodman
- Department of Physical Therapy Education, Residency Program, St. Ambrose University, Davenport, IA, USA
| | - Jordan Gillund
- Department of Physical Therapy Education, Residency Program, St. Ambrose University, Davenport, IA, USA
| | - Sara McCaffrey
- Department of Physical Therapy Education, Residency Program, St. Ambrose University, Davenport, IA, USA
| | - Laura Timmerman
- Department of Physical Therapy Education, Residency Program, St. Ambrose University, Davenport, IA, USA
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Muyor JM, Alacid F, López-Miñarro PA. Influence of hamstring muscles extensibility on spinal curvatures and pelvic tilt in highly trained cyclists. J Hum Kinet 2011; 29:15-23. [PMID: 23486997 DOI: 10.2478/v10078-011-0035-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of hamstring muscles extensibility in standing, maximal trunk flexion with knees extended and on the bicycle in lower handlebar-hands position of highly trained cyclists. Ninety-six cyclists were recruited for the study (mean ± SD, age: 30.36 ± 5.98 years). Sagittal spinal curvatures and pelvic tilt were measured in the standing position, maximal trunk flexion with knees extended (sit-and-reach test) and while sitting on a bicycle in lower handlebar-hand position using a Spinal Mouse system. Hamstring muscles extensibility was determined in both legs by passive straight leg raise test (PSLR). The sample was divided into three groups according to PSLR angle: (1) reduced extensibility (PSLR < 80º; n = 30), (2) moderate hamstring extensibility group (PSLR = 80º - 90º; n = 35), and (3) high hamstring extensibility (PSLR = > 90º; n = 31). ANOVA analysis showed significant differences among groups for thoracic (p < 0.001) and pelvic tilt (p < 0.001) angles in the sit-and-reach test. No differences were found between groups for standing and on the bicycle position. Post hoc analysis showed significant differences in all pairwise comparisons for thoracic angle (p < 0.01) and pelvic angle (p < 0.001) in the sit-and-reach test. No differences were found in lumbar angle in any posture. In conclusion, the hamstring muscles extensibility influence the thoracic and pelvic postures when maximal trunk flexion with knees extended is performed, but not when cyclists are seated on their bicycles.
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