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Xu H, Peng C, Xia L, Miao Z, He S, Chi C, Luo W, Chen G, Zeng B, Wang S, Dai L. A Novel Anderson-Type POMs-Based Hybrids Flame Retardant for Reducing Smoke Release and Toxicity of Epoxy Resins. Macromol Rapid Commun 2023; 44:e2300162. [PMID: 37114515 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202300162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Smoke emission and smoke toxicity have drawn more attention to improving the fire safety of polymers. In this work, a polyoxometalates (POMs)-based hybrids flame retardant (P-AlMo6 ) epoxy resin (EP) is prepared with toxicity-reduction and smoke-suppression properties via a peptide coupling reaction between POMs and organic molecules with double DOPO (bisDOPA). It combines the good compatibility of the organic molecule and the superior catalytic performance of POMs. Compared to pure EP, the glass transition temperature and flexural modulus of EP composite with 5 wt.% P-AlMo6 (EP/P-AlMo6 -5) are raised by 12.3 °C and 57.75%, respectively. Notably, at low flame-retardant addition, the average CO to CO2 ratio (Av-COY/Av-CO2 Y) is reduced by 33.75%. Total heat release (THR) and total smoke production (TSP) are lowered by 44.4% and 53.7%, respectively. The Limited Oxygen Index (LOI) value achieved 31.7% and obtained UL-94 V-0 rating. SEM, Raman, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and TG-FTIR are applied to analyze the flame-retardant mechanism in condensed and gas phase. Outstanding flame retardant, low smoke toxicity properties are attained due to the catalytic carbonization ability of metal oxides Al2 O3 and MoO3 produced from the breakdown of POMs. This work advances the development of POMs-based hybrids flame retardants with low smoke toxicity properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Xu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Fire-Retardant Materials, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
| | - Chaohua Peng
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Fire-Retardant Materials, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
| | - Long Xia
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Fire-Retardant Materials, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
| | - Zhongxi Miao
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Fire-Retardant Materials, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
| | - Siyuan He
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Fire-Retardant Materials, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
| | - Cheng Chi
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Fire-Retardant Materials, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
| | - Weiang Luo
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Fire-Retardant Materials, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Fire-Retardant Materials, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
| | - Guorong Chen
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Fire-Retardant Materials, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Fire-Retardant Materials, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
| | - Birong Zeng
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Fire-Retardant Materials, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Fire-Retardant Materials, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
| | - Shuchuan Wang
- Institution of Research and Development, T&H Novel Materials Co., Ltd, Quanzhou, 362000, P. R. China
| | - Lizong Dai
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Fire-Retardant Materials, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Fire-Retardant Materials, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
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