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Conroy G. Surge in number of 'extremely productive' authors concerns scientists. Nature 2024; 625:14-15. [PMID: 38072985 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-023-03865-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2024]
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Owolabi IO, Olayinka JA. Incidence of fraud and adulterations in ASEAN food/feed exports: A 20-year analysis of RASFF's notifications. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0259298. [PMID: 34739490 PMCID: PMC8570472 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0259298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper explored the occurrence of food fraud and adulterations (FFA) in exports from the Association of South- East Asia Nations (ASEAN), with implications on food chain and international trade. Data from European Union Rapid Alert System for Food and Feed (EU RASFF) about FFA notifications on ASEAN exports for a period of 20 years (2000–2020) were extracted and analyzed. Results from this study revealed that of all ten ASEAN member countries, seven had cases of FFA notified in the database with Thailand (n = 47, 32%) and the Philippines (n = 37, 26%) receiving the highest frequency of notifications in the region. There was a statistical significance difference in frequency of notifications received on products from these seven countries with herbs and spices ranking highest (n = 22, 15%). Highest notifications of FFA on ASEAN exports came from the United Kingdom (n = 31, 21%). All the seven countries experienced border rejections and consequent destruction of food products especially on exports from Indonesia where 95% of product with FFA were border rejected. Border rejections on products from these countries were significantly different. Therefore, a thorough implementation system, appropriate testing and constantly updating each country’s FFA database could aid actions in curtailing future events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iyiola Oluwakemi Owolabi
- School of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Thammasat University, Khong Luang, Thailand
- * E-mail: (IOO); (JAO)
| | - Joshua Akinlolu Olayinka
- Logistics Analytics and Supply Chain Management Program, International College, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
- * E-mail: (IOO); (JAO)
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Starren JB, Tierney WM, Williams MS, Tang P, Weir C, Koppel R, Payne P, Hripcsak G, Detmer DE. A retrospective look at the predictions and recommendations from the 2009 AMIA policy meeting: did we see EHR-related clinician burnout coming? J Am Med Inform Assoc 2021; 28:948-954. [PMID: 33585936 PMCID: PMC8068422 DOI: 10.1093/jamia/ocaa320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinicians often attribute much of their burnout experience to use of the electronic health record, the adoption of which was greatly accelerated by the Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health Act of 2009. That same year, AMIA's Policy Meeting focused on possible unintended consequences associated with rapid implementation of electronic health records, generating 17 potential consequences and 15 recommendations to address them. At the 2020 annual meeting of the American College of Medical Informatics (ACMI), ACMI fellows participated in a modified Delphi process to assess the accuracy of the 2009 predictions and the response to the recommendations. Among the findings, the fellows concluded that the degree of clinician burnout and its contributing factors, such as increased documentation requirements, were significantly underestimated. Conversely, problems related to identify theft and fraud were overestimated. Only 3 of the 15 recommendations were adjudged more than half-addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin B Starren
- Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - William M Tierney
- Internal Medicine, Population Health, University of Texas at Austin Dell Medical School, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Marc S Williams
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Geisinger, Danville, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Paul Tang
- Clinical Excellence Research Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Charlene Weir
- Biomedical Informatics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Ross Koppel
- Biomedical Informatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Biomedical Informatics, State University of New York Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Philip Payne
- Institute for Informatics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - George Hripcsak
- Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Don E Detmer
- Public Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
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King TC, Aggarwal N, Taddeo M, Floridi L. Artificial Intelligence Crime: An Interdisciplinary Analysis of Foreseeable Threats and Solutions. Sci Eng Ethics 2020; 26:89-120. [PMID: 30767109 PMCID: PMC6978427 DOI: 10.1007/s11948-018-00081-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/16/2018] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Artificial intelligence (AI) research and regulation seek to balance the benefits of innovation against any potential harms and disruption. However, one unintended consequence of the recent surge in AI research is the potential re-orientation of AI technologies to facilitate criminal acts, term in this article AI-Crime (AIC). AIC is theoretically feasible thanks to published experiments in automating fraud targeted at social media users, as well as demonstrations of AI-driven manipulation of simulated markets. However, because AIC is still a relatively young and inherently interdisciplinary area-spanning socio-legal studies to formal science-there is little certainty of what an AIC future might look like. This article offers the first systematic, interdisciplinary literature analysis of the foreseeable threats of AIC, providing ethicists, policy-makers, and law enforcement organisations with a synthesis of the current problems, and a possible solution space.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas C King
- Oxford Internet Institute, University of Oxford, 1 St Giles, Oxford, OX1 3JS, UK
| | - Nikita Aggarwal
- Oxford Internet Institute, University of Oxford, 1 St Giles, Oxford, OX1 3JS, UK
- Faculty of Law, University of Oxford, St Cross Building St. Cross Rd, Oxford, OX1 3UL, UK
| | - Mariarosaria Taddeo
- Oxford Internet Institute, University of Oxford, 1 St Giles, Oxford, OX1 3JS, UK
- The Alan Turing Institute, 96 Euston Road, London, NW1 2DB, UK
| | - Luciano Floridi
- Oxford Internet Institute, University of Oxford, 1 St Giles, Oxford, OX1 3JS, UK.
- The Alan Turing Institute, 96 Euston Road, London, NW1 2DB, UK.
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Abstract
With the advent of modern technology, the way society handles and performs monetary transactions has changed tremendously. The world is moving swiftly towards the digital arena. The use of Automated Teller Machine (ATM) cards (credit and debit) has led to a "cash-less society" and has fostered digital payments and purchases. In addition to this, the trust and reliance of the society upon these small pieces of plastic, having numbers engraved upon them, has increased immensely over the last two decades. In the past few years, the number of ATM fraud cases has increased exponentially. With the money of the people shifting towards the digital platform, ATM skimming has become a problem that has eventually led to a global outcry. The present review discusses the serious repercussions of ATM card cloning and the associated privacy, ethical and legal concerns. The preventive measures which need to be taken and adopted by the government authorities to mitigate the problem have also been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paramjit Kaur
- Centre for Systems Biology and Bioinformatics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Kewal Krishan
- Department of Anthropology, Panjab University, Sector-14, Chandigarh, 160 014, India.
| | - Suresh K Sharma
- Centre for Systems Biology and Bioinformatics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Tanuj Kanchan
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Jodhpur, India
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Abstract
Decisions that we make about email legitimacy can result in a pernicious threat to security of both individuals and organisations. Yet user response to phishing emails is far from uniform; some respond while others do not. What is the source of this diversity in decision-making? From a psychological perspective, we consider cognitive and situational influences that might explain why certain users are more susceptible than others. Alongside an email judgment task employed as a proxy for fraud susceptibility, 224 participants completed a range of cognitive tasks. In addition, we manipulated time pressure for email legitimacy judgments. We identify cognitive reflection and sensation seeking as significant, albeit modest, predictors of susceptibility. Further to this, participants asked to make quicker responses made more judgment errors. We conclude there are cognitive signatures that partially contribute to email fraud susceptibility, with implications for efforts to limit online security breaches and train secure behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen S. Jones
- Department of Psychology, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| | - John N. Towse
- Department of Psychology, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - Nicholas Race
- School of Computing and Communications, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - Timothy Harrison
- Defence Science and Technology Laboratory, Salisbury, United Kingdom
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Jawad F. Predatory Journals - Who are the captives? J PAK MED ASSOC 2019; 69:2-3. [PMID: 30623903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
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Affiliation(s)
- Omotayo Fatokun
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur 56 000, Malaysia.
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Schencker L. What's the matter with Florida? Healthcare fraud flourishes despite enforcement efforts. Mod Healthc 2016; 46:8-9. [PMID: 27483583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To consolidate and assess information on counterfeit medicines subject to pharmaceutical alerts issued by the Peruvian Medicines Regulatory Authority over 18 years (1997-2014) of health monitoring and enforcement. DESIGN A retrospective review of drug alerts. SETTING A search of the website of the General Directorate of Medicines, Supplies and Drugs (DIGEMID) of the Ministry of Health of Peru for drug alerts issued between 1997 and 2014. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA Drug alerts related to counterfeit medicines. RESULTS A total of 669 DIGEMID alerts were issued during the study period, 354 (52.91%) of which cover 1738 cases of counterfeit medicines (many alerts deal with several cases at a time). 1010 cases (58.11%) involved pharmaceutical establishments and 349 (20.08%) involved non-pharmaceutical commercial outlets. In 126 cases (7.25%), counterfeit medicines were seized in an unauthorised trade (without any marketing authorisation); in 253 cases (14.56%) the type of establishment or business associated with the seized product was not identified. CONCLUSIONS Counterfeit medicines are a serious public health problem in Peru. A review of the data cannot determine whether counterfeit medicines in Peru increased during the study period, or if monitoring by different government health agencies highlighted the magnitude of the problem by providing more evidence. The problem is clearly structural, since the majority of cases (58.11% of the total) were detected in legitimate supply chains. Most counterfeit medicines involve staple pharmaceutical products and common dosage forms. Considerable work remains to be done to control the serious problem of counterfeit medicines in Peru.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edwin Medina
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elvira Bel
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep María Suñé
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Schnitzer S, von dem Knesebeck O, Kohler M, Peschke D, Kuhlmey A, Schenk L. How does age affect the care dependency risk one year after stroke? A study based on claims data from a German health insurance fund. BMC Geriatr 2015; 15:135. [PMID: 26499064 PMCID: PMC4619540 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-015-0130-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2015] [Accepted: 10/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of age on care dependency risk 1 year after stroke. Two research questions are addressed: (1) How strong is the association between age and care dependency risk 1 year after stroke and (2) can this association be explained by burden of disease? METHODS The study is based on claims data from a German statutory health insurance fund. The study population was drawn from all continuously insured members with principal diagnoses of ischaemic stroke, hemorrhagic stroke, or transient ischaemic attack in 2007 who survived for 1 year after stroke and who were not dependent on care before their first stroke (n = 2864). Data were collected over a 1-year period. People are considered to be dependent on care if they, due to a physical, mental or psychological illness or disability, require substantial assistance in carrying out activities of daily living for a period of at least 6 months. Burden of disease was assessed by stroke subtype, history of stroke, comorbidities as well as geriatric multimorbidity. Regression models were used for data analysis. RESULTS 21.6 % of patients became care dependent during the observation period. Post-stroke care dependency risk was significantly associated with age. Relative to the reference group (0-65 years), the odds ratio of care dependency was 11.30 (95 % CI: 7.82-16.34) in patients aged 86+ years and 5.10 (95 % CI: 3.88-6.71) in patients aged 76-85 years. These associations were not explained by burden of disease. On the contrary, age effects became stronger when burden of disease was included in the regression model (by between 1.1 and 28 %). CONCLUSIONS Our results show that age has an effect on care dependency risk that cannot be explained by burden of disease. Thus, there must be other underlying age-dependent factors that account for the remaining age effects (e.g., social conditions). Further studies are needed to explore the causes of the strong age effects observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Schnitzer
- Department of Medical Sociology and Rehabilitation Science, Charité-Universitätmedizin Berlin, Luisenstr. 57, D-10117, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Olaf von dem Knesebeck
- Department of Medical Sociology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, D-20246, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Martin Kohler
- Central Research Institute of Ambulatory Health Care in Germany, Herbert-Lewin-Platz 3, D-10623, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Dirk Peschke
- Department of Structural Advancement and Quality Management in Health Care, Technische Universität Berlin, Steinplatz 2, D-10623, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Adelheid Kuhlmey
- Department of Medical Sociology and Rehabilitation Science, Charité-Universitätmedizin Berlin, Luisenstr. 57, D-10117, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Liane Schenk
- Department of Medical Sociology and Rehabilitation Science, Charité-Universitätmedizin Berlin, Luisenstr. 57, D-10117, Berlin, Germany.
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Sheehy AM, Locke C, Engel JZ, Weissburg DJ, Mackowiak S, Caponi B, Gangireddy S, Deutschendorf A. Recovery Audit Contractor audits and appeals at three academic medical centers. J Hosp Med 2015; 10:212-9. [PMID: 25707363 DOI: 10.1002/jhm.2332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2014] [Revised: 12/21/2014] [Accepted: 01/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Outpatient (observation) and inpatient status determinations for hospitalized Medicare beneficiaries have generated increasing concern for hospitals and patients. Recovery Audit Contractor (RAC) activity alleging improper status, however, has received little attention, and there are conflicting federal and hospital reports of RAC activity and hospital appeals success. OBJECTIVE To detail complex Medicare Part A RAC activity. DESIGN, SETTING AND PATIENTS Retrospective descriptive study of complex Medicare Part A audits at 3 academic hospitals from 2010 to 2013. MEASUREMENTS Complex Part A audits, outcome of audits, and hospital workforce required to manage this process. RESULTS Of 101,862 inpatient Medicare encounters, RACs audited 8110 (8.0%) encounters, alleged overpayment in 31.3% (2536/8110), and hospitals disputed 91.0% (2309/2536). There was a nearly 3-fold increase in RAC overpayment determinations in 2 years, although the hospitals contested and won a larger percent of cases each year. One-third (645/1935, 33.3%) of settled claims were decided in the discussion period, which are favorable decisions for the hospitals not reported in federal appeals data. Almost half (951/1935, 49.1%) of settled contested cases were withdrawn by the hospitals and rebilled under Medicare Part B to avoid the lengthy (mean 555 [SD 255] days) appeals process. These original inpatient claims are considered improper payments recovered by the RAC. The hospitals also lost appeals (0.9%) by missing a filing deadline, yet there was no reciprocal case concession when the appeals process missed a deadline. No overpayment determinations contested the need for care delivered, rather that care should have been delivered under outpatient, not inpatient, status. The institutions employed an average 5.1 full-time staff in the audits process. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest a need for RAC reform, including improved transparency in data reporting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann M Sheehy
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hospital Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin
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Lambeck M. [The placebo-republic]. Versicherungsmedizin 2014; 66:202-207. [PMID: 25558510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
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Abstract
Over the course of the past decade, critics have increasingly called attention to the corrosive influence of the pharmaceutical industry on both biomedical research and the practice of medicine. Critics describe the industry's use of ghostwriting and other unethical techniques to expand their markets as evidence that medical science is all-too-frequently subordinated to the goals of corporate profit. While we do not dispute this perspective, we argue that it is imperative to also recognize that the goals of medical science and industry profit are now tightly wed to one another. As a result, medical science now operates to expand disease definitions, lower diagnostic thresholds, and otherwise advance the goals of corporate profit through the redefinition and expansion of what it means to be ill. We suggest that this process has led to a variety of ethical problems that are not fully captured by current critiques of ghostwriting and other troubling practices by the pharmaceutical industry. In our conclusion, we call for physicians, ethicists, and other concerned observers to embrace a more fundamental critique of the relationship between biomedical science and corporate profit.
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Summary of the executive session on critical threats to the pharmacy supply chain and the effects on patient care. Am J Health Syst Pharm 2013; 70:1689-98. [PMID: 24048606 DOI: 10.2146/ajhp120771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Thomann KD. [Insurance fraud -- a problem in personal insurance]. Versicherungsmedizin 2013; 65:1. [PMID: 23593805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
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Becher S. [The medical insurance in the private insurance industry]. Versicherungsmedizin 2013; 65:26. [PMID: 23593811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
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Tadeg H, Berhane Y. Substandard and counterfeit antimicrobials: recent trends and implications to key public health interventions in developing countries. East Afr J Public Health 2012; 9:85-89. [PMID: 23139963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this review is to produce evidence on the prevalence and trends in the availability of substandard and counterfeit antimicrobials in the global market and its consequences on key public health interventions in developing countries METHODS Review of various literatures collected through the internet and other sources. Literature search using PubMed and Medline databases and Google search engine was conducted to identify related publications on the subject. Relevant published and unpublished literature was also consulted as additional source of information. RESULTS During the past few decades, the trade of substandard and counterfeit medicines has increased substantially. Past experiences indicate that almost any kind of medicine can be counterfeited. In developing countries, primary targets are those antimicrobials that are commonly used in the treatment of life-threatening conditions including malaria, tuberculosis and HIV/AIDS. The findings in this review support the strong contention that substandard and counterfeit antimicrobials are available in the developing world in very high proportions. This is becoming one of the major causes of treatment failures leading to excessive mortality and morbidity. Moreover, it is implicated for contributing to the development of drug resistant organisms in many infectious diseases of public health significance such as malaria, tuberculosis and HIV/AIDS. CONCLUSION If trends in the prevalence of counterfeit/substandard drugs continue at the current scale, there is a huge threat to interventions underway on major killer diseases in the developing world. So, public health interventions in developing countries should include quality control of antimicrobials as an integral part of program implementation. The national drug regulatory authorities in those countries should also be strengthened to enhance their capacity in enforcing regulations pertaining the registration, production, distribution and use of antimicrobial drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailu Tadeg
- Management Sciences for Health (MSH), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
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Carlson J. Fraud prosecutions up 69%: shift in investigators' tactics, evolution in technology seen as reasons. Mod Healthc 2012; 42:14-15. [PMID: 22299221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
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Dube JF. Fraud in health care and organized crime. Med Health R I 2011; 94:268-269. [PMID: 22010322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- James F Dube
- Rhode Island Medicaid Fraud and Patient Abuse Unit, Department of Attorney General, Providence, RI 02903, USA.
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Vernaglia LW. Making sense of physician regulatory risk in the post-health reform era. Med Health R I 2011; 94:257-260. [PMID: 22010319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
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Ambroise-Thomas P. [Counterfeit and fake drugs: medications that kill]. Med Trop (Mars) 2010; 70:213-214. [PMID: 20734583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
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Manchikanti L, Singh V, Boswell MV. Interventional pain management at crossroads: the perfect storm brewing for a new decade of challenges. Pain Physician 2010; 13:E111-E140. [PMID: 20309388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The health care industry in general and care of chronic pain in particular are described as recession-proof. However, a perfect storm with a confluence of many factors and events -none of which alone is particularly devastating - is brewing and may create a catastrophic force, even in a small specialty such as interventional pain management. Multiple challenges related to interventional pain management in the current decade will include individual and group physicians, office practices, ambulatory surgery centers (ASCs), and hospital outpatient departments (HOPD). Rising health care costs are discussed on a daily basis in the United States. The critics have claimed that health outcomes are the same as or worse than those in other countries, but others have presented the evidence that the United States has the best health care system. All agree it is essential to reduce costs. Numerous factors contribute to increasing health care costs. They include administrative costs, waste, abuse, and fraud. It has been claimed the U.S. health care system wastes up to $800 billion a year. Of this, fraud accounts for approximately $200 billion a year, involving fraudulent Medicare claims, kickbacks for referrals for unnecessary services, and other scams. Administrative inefficiency and redundant paperwork accounts for 18% of health care waste, whereas medical mistakes account for $50 billion to $100 billion in unnecessary spending each year, or 11% of the total. Further, American physicians spend nearly 8 hours per week on paperwork and employ 1.66 clerical workers per doctor, more than any other country. It has been illustrated that it takes $60,000 to $88,000 per physician per year, equal to one-third of a family practitioner's gross income, and $23 to $31 billion each year in total to interact with health insurance plans. The studies have illustrated that an average physician spends $68,274 per year communicating with insurance companies and performing other non-medical functions. For an office-based practice, the overall total in the United States is $38.7 billion, or $85,276 per physician. In the United States there are 2 types of physician payment systems: private health care and Medicare. Medicare has moved away from the Medicare Economic Index (MEI) and introduced the sustainable growth rate (SGR) formula which has led to cuts in physician payments on a yearly basis. In 2010 and beyond into the new decade, interventional pain management will see significant changes in how we practice medicine. There is focus on avoiding waste, abuse, fraud, and also cutting costs. Evidence-based medicine (EBM) and comparative effectiveness research (CER) have been introduced as cost-cutting and rationing measures, however, with biased approaches. This manuscript will analyze various issues related to interventional pain management with a critical analysis of physician payments, office facility payments, and ASC payments by various payor groups.
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Mueller T. Slippery business: the trade in adulterated olive oil. New Yorker 2007:38-45. [PMID: 17715510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
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Barbereau S. [Counterfeit medicines: a growing threat]. Med Trop (Mars) 2006; 66:529-32. [PMID: 17286014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The medical drug market has undergone considerable transformation in recent years. Like other products, medicines have been affected by globalization. Free trade policies have had a number of negative effects including a reduction in quality control not only for some products but also for raw materials and finished products. The global environment has also created conditions conducive to counterfeit medicines. The term counterfeit medicine is defined differently from one country to another in terms of quality, legality and fraudulent intent. This situation prompted the WHO to propose the following definition: "A counterfeit medicine is one which is deliberately and fraudulently mislabeled with respect to identity and/or source. Counterfeiting can apply to both branded and generic products and counterfeit products may include products with the correct ingredients or with the wrong ingredients, without active ingredients, with insufficient active ingredients or with fake packaging." Weak pharmaceutical regulation often compounded by widespread corruption in developing countries has greatly facilitated the development of this illicit market with harmful and costly effects on public health. Due to the lack of pharmocovigilance accidents involving use of counterfeit drugs go unreported. For this reason it is not possible to measure the economic impact. While counterfeiting has become a major threat in developing countries, it also affects industrialized countries. Fraudulent behavior occurs all over the world.
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Boehm FH. Medtronic "fusiongate". Surg Neurol 2006; 66:551. [PMID: 17084214 DOI: 10.1016/j.surneu.2006.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2006] [Accepted: 07/06/2006] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
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Dubois MY. Conflicts of interest with the health industry. Pain Med 2006; 7:463-5. [PMID: 17014609 DOI: 10.1111/j.1526-4637.2006.00215_3.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Daily AK, Welch SP. Fraud and abuse trends for 2006: what's hot for physicians and physician practices. J Med Pract Manage 2006; 21:319-22. [PMID: 16833059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Federal and State Governments will have new tools and new mandates to ferret out fraud and abuse in federal health care programs. This article describes new legislative, regulatory, and investigative trends in the fraud and abuse arena that are likely to affect physicians and physician groups.
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Leghorn JJ, Allen C, Brewington T. Defending an emerging threat: consumer fraud class action suits in pharmaceutical and medical device products-based litigation. Food Drug Law J 2006; 61:519-38. [PMID: 16989037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
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van Kolfschooten F. Netherlands uncovers AIDS drugs trade fraud. Lancet 2002; 360:1311. [PMID: 12414219 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(02)11369-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita K Adeniran
- Presbyterian Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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Ruhnka JC, Gac EJ, Boerstler H. Qui tam claims: threat to voluntary compliance programs in health care organizations. J Health Polit Policy Law 2000; 25:283-308. [PMID: 10946381 DOI: 10.1215/03616878-25-2-283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The Department of Justice (DOJ) reports that after violent crime, health care fraud is the department's top priority. The number of health care fraud investigations pending at the DOJ increased from 270 cases in 1992 to more than 4,000 in 1997. The DOJ's primary weapon in prosecuting health care fraud is the federal False Claims Act (FCA) of 1863 (31 U.S.C. secs. 3729-3733). Almost unique among federal antifraud provisions, the FCA may also be used by "private prosecutors" to file lawsuits on behalf of the federal government charging organizations with submitting false claims to the government. The FCA rewards such whistle-blowers with a share of any resulting recoveries as a bounty and protects them from discharge for filing false claims lawsuits against their employers. It also requires defendants to pay the costs and attorneys fees of successful claimants. Although the private "bounty hunter" features of the FCA data back to the Civil War, these so-called qui tam claims were nearly dormant until 1986, when Congress amended the FCA to revive their use. Following the 1986 amendments, and paralleling the rapid increase in federal reimbursements for health care costs, private qui tam claims have far expanded beyond their traditional purview of defense contracts into the field of health care. By 1997, health care providers were the targets of 54 percent of the 530 private qui tam lawsuits field that year.
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Abstract
Quackery is the promotion of false and unproven health schemes for a profit. It is rooted in the traditions of marketplace. Scientific thinking and standards of conduct underlie professionalism and consumer protection law. At the present time, commercialism has overwhelmed professionalism in the marketing of alternative remedies. Neither patients nor legitimate businesses that adhere to the standards of science and consumer protection are well served by a double standard.
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Affiliation(s)
- W T Jarvis
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Loma Linda University, California, USA
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Wells SA. Fraud and abuse: past, present, and future. Bull Am Coll Surg 1999; 84:4-5. [PMID: 11209642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
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Pelliccioni LS. Understanding health care fraud in 1999. Aspens Advis Nurse Exec 1999; 14:1, 3-7. [PMID: 10568380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
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Hempstead L. A new embezzlement twist: charge it! Med Econ 1999; 76:72, 77-8, 81 passim. [PMID: 10346061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
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Bellandi D, Rauber C, Hensley S, Pallarito K, Moore JD, Morrissey J, Hallam K, Jaklevic MC, Shinkman R, Limbacher PB, Saphir A. Chock-full of change. Opportunities, and perils, abound as industry continues to evolve. Mod Healthc 1999; 29:22-6, 28-30, 32. [PMID: 10344836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
Tighten your belt and hold onto your wallet: Another year of change looms for healthcare. In a 1999 outlook report, our staff tells all about Medicare cutbacks, managed-care turbulence and a looming crisis in skilled nursing. And everyone is braced for the appearance of that ugly year-2000 computer bug.
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Alspach G. Patient advocacy: have we ascended to new heights or fallen to new depths? Crit Care Nurse 1998; 18:17-9. [PMID: 9814180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
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Coggins P, Winn P. Commentary: last line of defense. The role of physicians in health care fraud and abuse. Tex Med 1998; 94:26-7. [PMID: 9492601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Shinkman R, Weissenstein E. Crime and healthcare. Mod Healthc 1997; 27:32-4, 37. [PMID: 10167644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
When charges were made last summer against 12 men affiliated with a New Jersey-based third-party administrator firm, headlines trumpeted the arrests as the first major case of organized crime infiltrating the healthcare industry. While law enforcement experts don't believe the mob has established a major role in healthcare, they acknowledge the $1 trillion-a-year industry is a lucrative target for illicit activity.
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Pallarito K. Empire Blues' fraud fighter downplays mob threat. Mod Healthc 1997; 27:36-7. [PMID: 10167645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
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Abagnale F. Protection from the latest con: document fraud. Calif Hosp 1994; 8:19-20. [PMID: 10139100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
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Lutz S. More fraud cases seen. Mod Healthc 1994; 24:24. [PMID: 10138114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
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