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Brantingham PJ, Tita GE, Jung S, Ahern J. Assessment of Case Fatality Rates and Overall Prevalence of Firearm Violence in California, 2005-2019. JAMA Netw Open 2022; 5:e2145442. [PMID: 35089356 PMCID: PMC8800075 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.45442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
This case series uses state hospitalization and death records to examine trends in rates of gun homicides and other rates of firearm violence in California between 2005 and 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - George E. Tita
- Department of Criminology, Law and Society, University of California, Irvine
| | - Shelley Jung
- School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley
| | - Jennifer Ahern
- School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley
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Negin J, Alpers P, Nassar N, Hemenway D. Australian Firearm Regulation at 25 - Successes, Ongoing Challenges, and Lessons for the World. N Engl J Med 2021; 384:1581-1583. [PMID: 33909963 DOI: 10.1056/nejmp2102574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joel Negin
- From the Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney School of Public Health (J.N., P.A.), and the Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney Children's Hospital Westmead Clinical School (N.N.) - both in Sydney; and the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston (D.H.)
| | - Philip Alpers
- From the Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney School of Public Health (J.N., P.A.), and the Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney Children's Hospital Westmead Clinical School (N.N.) - both in Sydney; and the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston (D.H.)
| | - Natasha Nassar
- From the Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney School of Public Health (J.N., P.A.), and the Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney Children's Hospital Westmead Clinical School (N.N.) - both in Sydney; and the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston (D.H.)
| | - David Hemenway
- From the Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney School of Public Health (J.N., P.A.), and the Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney Children's Hospital Westmead Clinical School (N.N.) - both in Sydney; and the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston (D.H.)
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Ayres I, Gluck AR, Kraschel KL, Meares TL, Sarnoff CN. Introduction. J Law Med Ethics 2020; 48:9-10. [PMID: 33404300 DOI: 10.1177/1073110520979394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ian Ayres
- Ian Ayres, J.D., Ph.D., is the William K. Townsend Professor and Deputy Dean at Yale Law School. He received his B.A. from Yale College (1981), his J.D. (1986) from Yale Law School, and his Ph.D. in Economics (1988) from MIT. Abbe R. Gluck, J.D., is Professor of Law and the Founding Faculty Director of the Solomon Center for Health Law and Policy at Yale Law School and Professor of Medicine at Yale School of Medicine. She received her B.A. and J.D. from Yale University. Katherine L. Kraschel, J.D., is the Executive Director of the Solomon Center for Health Law and Policy as well as a Lecturer in Law, Clinical Lecturer in Law, and Research Scholar in Law at Yale Law School. She received her J.D. from Harvard Law School, and her B.A. from Mount Holyoke College. Tracey L. Meares, J.D., is the Walton Hale Hamilton Professor of Law and Founding Director of the Justice Collaboratory at Yale Law School. She received her J.D. from the University of Chicago Law School and her B.S. from the University of Illinois. Caroline Nobo Sarnoff, M.S., is the Executive Director of the Justice Collaboratory at Yale Law School
| | - Abbe R Gluck
- Ian Ayres, J.D., Ph.D., is the William K. Townsend Professor and Deputy Dean at Yale Law School. He received his B.A. from Yale College (1981), his J.D. (1986) from Yale Law School, and his Ph.D. in Economics (1988) from MIT. Abbe R. Gluck, J.D., is Professor of Law and the Founding Faculty Director of the Solomon Center for Health Law and Policy at Yale Law School and Professor of Medicine at Yale School of Medicine. She received her B.A. and J.D. from Yale University. Katherine L. Kraschel, J.D., is the Executive Director of the Solomon Center for Health Law and Policy as well as a Lecturer in Law, Clinical Lecturer in Law, and Research Scholar in Law at Yale Law School. She received her J.D. from Harvard Law School, and her B.A. from Mount Holyoke College. Tracey L. Meares, J.D., is the Walton Hale Hamilton Professor of Law and Founding Director of the Justice Collaboratory at Yale Law School. She received her J.D. from the University of Chicago Law School and her B.S. from the University of Illinois. Caroline Nobo Sarnoff, M.S., is the Executive Director of the Justice Collaboratory at Yale Law School
| | - Katherine L Kraschel
- Ian Ayres, J.D., Ph.D., is the William K. Townsend Professor and Deputy Dean at Yale Law School. He received his B.A. from Yale College (1981), his J.D. (1986) from Yale Law School, and his Ph.D. in Economics (1988) from MIT. Abbe R. Gluck, J.D., is Professor of Law and the Founding Faculty Director of the Solomon Center for Health Law and Policy at Yale Law School and Professor of Medicine at Yale School of Medicine. She received her B.A. and J.D. from Yale University. Katherine L. Kraschel, J.D., is the Executive Director of the Solomon Center for Health Law and Policy as well as a Lecturer in Law, Clinical Lecturer in Law, and Research Scholar in Law at Yale Law School. She received her J.D. from Harvard Law School, and her B.A. from Mount Holyoke College. Tracey L. Meares, J.D., is the Walton Hale Hamilton Professor of Law and Founding Director of the Justice Collaboratory at Yale Law School. She received her J.D. from the University of Chicago Law School and her B.S. from the University of Illinois. Caroline Nobo Sarnoff, M.S., is the Executive Director of the Justice Collaboratory at Yale Law School
| | - Tracey L Meares
- Ian Ayres, J.D., Ph.D., is the William K. Townsend Professor and Deputy Dean at Yale Law School. He received his B.A. from Yale College (1981), his J.D. (1986) from Yale Law School, and his Ph.D. in Economics (1988) from MIT. Abbe R. Gluck, J.D., is Professor of Law and the Founding Faculty Director of the Solomon Center for Health Law and Policy at Yale Law School and Professor of Medicine at Yale School of Medicine. She received her B.A. and J.D. from Yale University. Katherine L. Kraschel, J.D., is the Executive Director of the Solomon Center for Health Law and Policy as well as a Lecturer in Law, Clinical Lecturer in Law, and Research Scholar in Law at Yale Law School. She received her J.D. from Harvard Law School, and her B.A. from Mount Holyoke College. Tracey L. Meares, J.D., is the Walton Hale Hamilton Professor of Law and Founding Director of the Justice Collaboratory at Yale Law School. She received her J.D. from the University of Chicago Law School and her B.S. from the University of Illinois. Caroline Nobo Sarnoff, M.S., is the Executive Director of the Justice Collaboratory at Yale Law School
| | - Caroline Nobo Sarnoff
- Ian Ayres, J.D., Ph.D., is the William K. Townsend Professor and Deputy Dean at Yale Law School. He received his B.A. from Yale College (1981), his J.D. (1986) from Yale Law School, and his Ph.D. in Economics (1988) from MIT. Abbe R. Gluck, J.D., is Professor of Law and the Founding Faculty Director of the Solomon Center for Health Law and Policy at Yale Law School and Professor of Medicine at Yale School of Medicine. She received her B.A. and J.D. from Yale University. Katherine L. Kraschel, J.D., is the Executive Director of the Solomon Center for Health Law and Policy as well as a Lecturer in Law, Clinical Lecturer in Law, and Research Scholar in Law at Yale Law School. She received her J.D. from Harvard Law School, and her B.A. from Mount Holyoke College. Tracey L. Meares, J.D., is the Walton Hale Hamilton Professor of Law and Founding Director of the Justice Collaboratory at Yale Law School. She received her J.D. from the University of Chicago Law School and her B.S. from the University of Illinois. Caroline Nobo Sarnoff, M.S., is the Executive Director of the Justice Collaboratory at Yale Law School
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Abstract
This article argues that state government actors concerned about gun violence prevention should prioritize enactment of robust firearm purchaser regimes at the state level. First, the article outlines the empirical evidence base for purchaser licensing. Then, the article describes how state governments can design this policy. Next, the article assesses the likelihood that purchaser licensing legislation will continue to be upheld by federal courts. Finally, the article addresses the implications of this policy, aimed at curbing gun deaths, for equally important racial justice priorities. Taken together, these various considerations indicate that purchaser licensing policies are among the most effective firearm-focused laws state governments can enact to reduce gun deaths within the existing federal legislative and legal frameworks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Abelow
- Hannah Abelow is a J.D. Candidate at Yale Law School. Prior to law school, she served as a policy advisor to Rhode Island Governor Gina M. Raimondo and as chief of staff of the Rhode Island Department of Administration. She received a B.A. from Brown University. Cassandra Crifasi, Ph.D., M.P.H., is an Assistant Professor of Health Policy and Management at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health and Deputy Director of the Center for Gun Policy. Her research focuses broadly on public safety including injury epidemiology and prevention, gun violence and policy, attitudes and behaviors of gun owners, and underground gun markets. Daniel Webster, Sc.D., M.P.H., is Bloomberg Professor of American Health at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health where he directs the Center for Gun Policy and Research and serves as co-lead of the Violence Prevention Workgroup of the Bloomberg American Health Initiative. Dr. Webster has published widely on gun policy, street outreach and violence interruption programs, youth violence, intimate partner violence, suicide, and substance abuse
| | - Cassandra Crifasi
- Hannah Abelow is a J.D. Candidate at Yale Law School. Prior to law school, she served as a policy advisor to Rhode Island Governor Gina M. Raimondo and as chief of staff of the Rhode Island Department of Administration. She received a B.A. from Brown University. Cassandra Crifasi, Ph.D., M.P.H., is an Assistant Professor of Health Policy and Management at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health and Deputy Director of the Center for Gun Policy. Her research focuses broadly on public safety including injury epidemiology and prevention, gun violence and policy, attitudes and behaviors of gun owners, and underground gun markets. Daniel Webster, Sc.D., M.P.H., is Bloomberg Professor of American Health at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health where he directs the Center for Gun Policy and Research and serves as co-lead of the Violence Prevention Workgroup of the Bloomberg American Health Initiative. Dr. Webster has published widely on gun policy, street outreach and violence interruption programs, youth violence, intimate partner violence, suicide, and substance abuse
| | - Daniel Webster
- Hannah Abelow is a J.D. Candidate at Yale Law School. Prior to law school, she served as a policy advisor to Rhode Island Governor Gina M. Raimondo and as chief of staff of the Rhode Island Department of Administration. She received a B.A. from Brown University. Cassandra Crifasi, Ph.D., M.P.H., is an Assistant Professor of Health Policy and Management at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health and Deputy Director of the Center for Gun Policy. Her research focuses broadly on public safety including injury epidemiology and prevention, gun violence and policy, attitudes and behaviors of gun owners, and underground gun markets. Daniel Webster, Sc.D., M.P.H., is Bloomberg Professor of American Health at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health where he directs the Center for Gun Policy and Research and serves as co-lead of the Violence Prevention Workgroup of the Bloomberg American Health Initiative. Dr. Webster has published widely on gun policy, street outreach and violence interruption programs, youth violence, intimate partner violence, suicide, and substance abuse
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Siegel M, Goder-Reiser M, Duwe G, Rocque M, Fox JA, Fridel EE. The relation between state gun laws and the incidence and severity of mass public shootings in the United States, 1976-2018. Law Hum Behav 2020; 44:347-360. [PMID: 33090863 DOI: 10.1037/lhb0000378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In this study, we analyzed the relationship between state firearm laws and the incidence and severity (i.e., number of victims) of mass public shootings in the United States during the period 1976-2018. HYPOTHESES We hypothesized that states requiring permits to purchase firearms would have a lower incidence of mass public shootings than states not requiring permits. We also hypothesized that states banning large-capacity ammunition magazines would experience a lower number of victims in mass public shootings that did occur than states without bans. METHOD We developed a panel of annual, state-specific data on firearm laws and mass public shooting events and victim counts. We used a generalized estimating equations logistic regression to examine the relationship between eight state firearm laws and the likelihood of a mass public shooting. We then used a zero-inflated negative binomial model to assess the relationship between these laws and the number of fatalities and nonfatal injuries in these incidents. RESULTS State laws requiring a permit to purchase a firearm were associated with 60% lower odds of a mass public shooting occurring (95% confidence interval [CI: -32%, -76%]). Large-capacity magazine bans were associated with 38% fewer fatalities (95% CI [-12%, -57%]) and 77% fewer nonfatal injuries (95% CI [-43%, -91%]) when a mass shooting occurred. CONCLUSION Laws requiring permits to purchase a gun are associated with a lower incidence of mass public shootings, and bans on large capacity magazines are associated with fewer fatalities and nonfatal injuries when such events do occur. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Siegel
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Boston University School of Public Health
| | - Max Goder-Reiser
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Boston University School of Public Health
| | | | | | - James Alan Fox
- School of Criminology and Criminal Justice, Northeastern University
| | - Emma E Fridel
- College of Criminology and Criminal Justice, Florida State University
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Masiakos PT, Sacks CA. Moving beyond descriptions-developing a strategy to prevent gun violence. Surgery 2020; 168:385-386. [PMID: 32654860 DOI: 10.1016/j.surg.2020.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter T Masiakos
- Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Massachusetts General Hospital, Center for Gun Violence Prevention, Boston, MA.
| | - Chana A Sacks
- Division of General Internal Medicine and Mongan Institute, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Massachusetts General Hospital, Center for Gun Violence Prevention
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