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Erlandson KM, Mohaweche R, Morrow M, Mawhinney S, Khuu V, Boyd M, Balasubramanyam A, Melanson EL, Lake JE. Energy balance and body composition after switch between integrase strand transfer inhibitors and doravirine among people with HIV. J Antimicrob Chemother 2024; 79:179-185. [PMID: 38000089 PMCID: PMC10761240 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkad363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs) are associated with excessive weight gain among a subset of persons with HIV (PWH), due to unclear mechanisms. We assessed energy intake (EI) and expenditure (EE) following switch off and onto INSTIs. METHODS PWH with >10% weight gain on an INSTI-based regimen switched INSTI to doravirine for 12 weeks, then back to INSTI for 12 weeks while keeping their remaining regimen stable. Twenty-four-hour EE, EI and weight were measured on INSTI, following switch to doravirine, and upon INSTI restart. Mixed models analysed changes over time. RESULTS Among 18 participants, unadjusted 24 h EE decreased by 83 (95% CI -181 to 14) kcal following switch to doravirine, and by 2 (-105 to 100) kcal after INSTI restart; energy balance (EE-EI) increased by 266 (-126 to 658) kcal from Week 0 to Week 12, and decreased by 3 (-429 to 423) kcal from Week 12 to Week 24. Trends toward weight loss occurred following switch to doravirine [mean -1.25 (-3.18 to 0.69) kg] and when back on INSTI [-0.47 (-2.45 to 1.52) kg]. Trunk fat decreased on doravirine [-474 (-1398 to 449) g], with some regain following INSTI restart [199 (-747 to 1145) g]. Fat-free mass decreased on doravirine [-491 (-1399 to 417) g] and increased slightly after INSTI restart [178 (-753 to 1108) g]. CONCLUSIONS Among PWH with >10% weight gain on an INSTI, switch to doravirine was associated with a trend towards decreases in 24 h EE, weight, trunk fat mass and fat-free mass. Observed changes were not significant, but suggest a mild weight-suppressive effect of doravirine among PWH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristine M Erlandson
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 12700 E. 19th Avenue, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Ruda Mohaweche
- Department of Medicine, UTHealth Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Mary Morrow
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 12700 E. 19th Avenue, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Samantha Mawhinney
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 12700 E. 19th Avenue, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Vincent Khuu
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 12700 E. 19th Avenue, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Mallory Boyd
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 12700 E. 19th Avenue, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | | | - Edward L Melanson
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 12700 E. 19th Avenue, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Jordan E Lake
- Department of Medicine, UTHealth Houston, Houston, TX, USA
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Kileel EM, Malvestutto CD, Lo J, Fitch KV, Fichtenbaum CJ, Aberg JA, Zanni MV, Martinez E, Okeke NL, Kumar P, Joao E, Bares SH, Berrner D, Smieja M, Roa JC, McCallum S, Douglas PS, Ribaudo HJ, Grinspoon SK. Changes in Body Mass Index with Longer-term Integrase Inhibitor Use: A Longitudinal Analysis of Data from the Randomized Trial to Prevent Vascular Events in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (REPRIEVE). Clin Infect Dis 2023; 76:2010-2013. [PMID: 36825498 PMCID: PMC10474926 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciad107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Over 2-years of follow-up, integrase strand transfer inhibitor (INSTI)-use was associated with weight gain among those on an INSTI <2 years at entry (+0.27 kg/m2/year; 95% confidence interval [CI], .22 to .33 vs +0.17 kg/m2/year; 95% CI, .12 to .23; P = .01), but not those on an entry INSTI >2 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma M Kileel
- Metabolism Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Carlos D Malvestutto
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Janet Lo
- Metabolism Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kathleen V Fitch
- Metabolism Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Carl J Fichtenbaum
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Judith A Aberg
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Markella V Zanni
- Metabolism Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Esteban Martinez
- Infectious Diseases Service, Hospital Clinic and University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nwora Lance Okeke
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Princy Kumar
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Travel Medicine, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Esau Joao
- Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital Federal dos Servidores do Estado, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Sara H Bares
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Daniel Berrner
- University of California–San Francisco at Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Marek Smieja
- Division of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Sara McCallum
- Metabolism Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Pamela S Douglas
- Duke University Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Heather J Ribaudo
- Center for Biostatistics in AIDS Research, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Steven K Grinspoon
- Metabolism Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Fuller T, Fragoso da Silveira Gouvêa MI, Benamor Teixeira MDL, Medeiros AF, da Silva PA, Braga CM, de Sant’anna MCW, de Mattos Salgueiro M, da Silveira Bressan C, Mendes-Silva W, João EC. Real-world experience with weight gain among pregnant women living with HIV who are using integrase inhibitors. HIV Med 2023; 24:301-310. [PMID: 36065478 PMCID: PMC9985658 DOI: 10.1111/hiv.13388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We assessed real-world weight change and pregnancy outcomes among pregnant women living with HIV who used integrase strand transferase inhibitor (INSTI)-based combined antiretroviral therapy (cART). METHODS In a retrospective cohort study from 2014 to 2021 for prevention of perinatal HIV infection, we evaluated changes in weight from the first prenatal visit to near delivery for two groups. The categories of change were: low (< 0.18 kg/week), normal (0.18-0.59 kg/week), and high (> 0.59 kg/week). The backbones were lamivudine + tenofovir disoproxil or lamivudine + zidovudine. The comparison groups were women with body mass index (BMI) < 25 kg/m2 versus BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 and INSTI-naïve versus INSTI-experienced. Continuous variables were analysed with a Kruskal-Wallis test and count or categorical data with χ2 tests. RESULTS We enrolled 198 pregnant women. At study entry, 74 had BMI < 25 kg/m2 and 124 had BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 . Excess gestational weight gain was more frequent among women who were INSTI-naïve among both BMI groups (< 25 and ≥ 25). However, the proportion of participants per weight change category was only significantly different between INSTI-naïve women with baseline BMI < 25 kg/m2 and INSTI-experienced women with BMI < 25 kg/m2 . In particular, INSTI-naïve women with BMI < 25 kg/m2 had significantly higher rates of excess gestational weight gain (31.6%) compared with participants with BMI < 25 kg/m2 who conceived while on INSTIs (11.8%, p = 0.004). Rates of unfavourable pregnancy outcomes were low and did not differ significantly between groups. CONCLUSIONS INSTI-naïve participants with BMI < 25 kg/m2 gained more weight during pregnancy than participants with BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 who conceived while using INSTIs. Rates of adverse pregnancy outcomes did not differ between the groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trevon Fuller
- Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital Federal dos Servidores do Estado, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- University of California Los Angeles, Institute of the Environment and Sustainability, Los Angeles, United States
| | - Maria Isabel Fragoso da Silveira Gouvêa
- Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital Federal dos Servidores do Estado, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Maria de Lourdes Benamor Teixeira
- Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital Federal dos Servidores do Estado, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | - Camile Medeiros Braga
- Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital Federal dos Servidores do Estado, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | - Clarisse da Silveira Bressan
- Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital Federal dos Servidores do Estado, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Wallace Mendes-Silva
- Maternal Fetal Unit, Hospital Federal dos Servidores do Estado, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Esau C. João
- Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital Federal dos Servidores do Estado, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Corresponding author: Esau C. João, Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital Federal dos Servidores do Estado, Rua Sacadura Cabral 178, Anexo IV, Quarto Andar, Rio de Janeiro RJ 20221-903, Brazil, , Tel.: +55 (21) 98636 8281
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Oliaie SS, Safakish M, Roudsari RV, Mahboubi-Rabbani M, Hajimahdi Z, Zarghi A. Design, Synthesis, Docking Studies, and Biological Evaluation of Novel 2-Hydroxyacetophenone Derivatives as Anti-HIV-1 Agents. Curr HIV Res 2023; 21:290-300. [PMID: 37990893 DOI: 10.2174/011570162x261377231107110447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The persistence of HIV mutations and the existence of multidrug resistance have produced an opportunity for an array of innovative anti-HIV medicines with a variety of structures that target HIV key enzymes. OBJECTIVE The goal of this work was to find a new class of anti-HIV drugs founded on HIV integrase inhibitor pharmacophores. METHODS A novel class of 2-hydroxy acetophenone analogs featuring substituted benzamide or N-phenylthiourea groups was designed and synthesized based on the general pharmacophore of HIV-1 integrase inhibitors (INs). RESULTS Most of the synthesized analogs were found to be moderately active against the virus, with EC50 values ranging from 40 to 140 μM. Additionally, it was found that most of the compounds presented no considerable cytotoxicity (CC50 > 500 μΜ). The most potent compounds substituting with 4-fluorobenzamide (compound 7) and 4-methylbenzamide (compound 9) rings inhibited the HIV-1 replication by EC50 values of 40 and 45 μΜ, respectively. Docking studies using the crystallographic data available for PFV IN indicated that the Mg2+ coordination might be the possible mechanism of the anti-viral activity. CONCLUSION Our findings proved that the synthesized analogs may suggest a very good basis for the development of new anti-HIV-1 agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samira Sooreni Oliaie
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdieh Safakish
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rouhollah Vahabpour Roudsari
- Department of Medical Lab Technology, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mahboubi-Rabbani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Hajimahdi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Afshin Zarghi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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O’Halloran JA, Sahrmann J, Parra-Rodriguez L, Vo DT, Butler AM, Olsen MA, Powderly WG. Integrase Strand Transfer Inhibitors Are Associated With Incident Diabetes Mellitus in People With Human Immunodeficiency Virus. Clin Infect Dis 2022; 75:2060-2065. [PMID: 35521785 PMCID: PMC10200297 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciac355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs) are associated with weight gain in people with HIV (PWH). Less is known about the risk of other metabolic outcomes such as diabetes mellitus and hyperglycemia. METHODS IBM® MarketScan® databases for commercially and Medicaid-insured adults were used to identify PWH newly initiating antiretroviral therapy (ART). The primary outcome was a composite of new-onset diabetes mellitus/hyperglycemia in the 6 months following ART initiation and was identified using International Classification of Disease, Ninth revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) and ICD-10-CM diagnosis and procedure codes and Current Procedural Terminology, 4th Edition (CPT-4) codes. To examine the relationship between INSTI use and the composite outcome, we estimated the risk using Cox proportional hazards models with calendar time-specific standardized mortality ratio weights. RESULTS Of 42 382 PWH who initiated ART between 1 July 2007 and 30 June 2018, 22 762 (54%) were treated with INSTI-based regimens. Mean age was 38 years, 74% were male, and 19% were Medicaid insured. PWH on INSTIs were 31% more likely to develop new-onset diabetes mellitus/hyperglycemia (hazard ratio [HR], 1.31; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.15-1.48]) compared with those who initiated non-INSTI-based regimens. When examined individually, the highest risk was associated with elvitegravir (HR, 1.54; 95% CI, 1.32-1.97; P < .001) and the lowest risk with raltegravir (HR, 1.19; 95% CI, 1.03-1.37; P = .02). CONCLUSIONS INSTI use was associated with increased risk of new-onset diabetes mellitus/hyperglycemia in the 6 months following ART initiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane A O’Halloran
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - John Sahrmann
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Luis Parra-Rodriguez
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Daniel T Vo
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Anne M Butler
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Margaret A Olsen
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - William G Powderly
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily L Heil
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science University of Maryland School of Pharmacy
| | - Neha Sheth Pandit
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science University of Maryland School of Pharmacy
| | - Gregory H Taylor
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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Peng AT, Huang SH, Sun HY, Huang YC, Chuang YC, Wu PY, Chen LY, Chang HY, Luo YZ, Liu WC, Kuo HY, Hung CC. Use of dietary supplements containing polyvalent cations and antacids among people with HIV and its impact on viral suppression. AIDS 2021; 35:2054-2057. [PMID: 34074818 DOI: 10.1097/qad.0000000000002967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Dietary supplements and medications containing polyvalent cations can interact with integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs) and decrease exposure to INSTIs. In this cross-sectional study of 513 people with HIV (PWH) who were on stable antiretroviral therapy, 57.5% and 6.6% reported concurrent use of dietary supplements and antacids, respectively. In the multivariable analysis, the use of antacids, but not dietary supplements containing polyvalent cations, was associated with HIV viremia in PWH who received INSTI-based ART.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sung-Hsi Huang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsin-Chu
- Department of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine
| | - Hsin-Yun Sun
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei
| | - Yi-Chia Huang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu Biomedical Park Branch, Hsin-Chu
| | - Yu-Chung Chuang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei
| | - Pei-Ying Wu
- Center of Infection Control, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei
| | - Ling-Ya Chen
- Center of Infection Control, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei
| | - Hsi-Yen Chang
- Center of Infection Control, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei
| | - Yu-Zhen Luo
- Center of Infection Control, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei
| | - Wen-Chun Liu
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei
| | - Han-Yueh Kuo
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsin-Chu
| | - Chien-Ching Hung
- Department of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital
- China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Podany AT, Scarsi KK, Pham MM, Fletcher CV. Comparative Clinical Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of HIV-1 Integrase Strand Transfer Inhibitors: An Updated Review. Clin Pharmacokinet 2021; 59:1085-1107. [PMID: 32462541 DOI: 10.1007/s40262-020-00898-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Bictegravir, cabotegravir, dolutegravir, elvitegravir, and raltegravir are members of the latest class of antiretrovirals available to treat human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, the integrase strand transfer inhibitors. Integrase strand transfer inhibitors are potent inhibitors of the HIV integrase enzyme with IC90/95 values in the low nanogram per milliliter range and they retain antiviral activity against strains of HIV with acquired resistance to other classes of antiretrovirals. Each of the integrase strand transfer inhibitors have unique pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic properties, influencing their role in clinical use in specific subsets of patients. Cabotegravir, approved for use in Canada but not yet by the US Food and Drug Administration, is formulated in both oral and intramuscular formulations; the latter of which has shown efficacy as a long-acting extended-release formulation. Cabotegravir, raltegravir, and dolutegravir have minimal drug-drug interaction profiles, as their metabolism has minimal cytochrome P450 involvement. Conversely, elvitegravir metabolism occurs primarily via cytochrome P450 3A4 and requires pharmacokinetic boosting to achieve systemic exposures amenable to once-daily dosing. Bictegravir metabolism has similar contributions from both cytochrome P450 3A4 and uridine 5'-diphospho-glucuronosyltransferase 1A1. Bictegravir, dolutegravir, and raltegravir are recommended components of initial regimens for most people with HIV in the US adult and adolescent HIV treatment guidelines. This review summarizes and compares the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the integrase strand transfer inhibitor agents, and describes specific pharmacokinetic considerations for persons with hepatic impairment, renal dysfunction, pregnancy, and co-infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony T Podany
- Antiviral Pharmacology Laboratory, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, PDD Rm 3019, 986145 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-6145, USA.
| | - Kimberly K Scarsi
- Antiviral Pharmacology Laboratory, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, PDD Rm 3019, 986145 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-6145, USA
| | - Michelle M Pham
- Antiviral Pharmacology Laboratory, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, PDD Rm 3019, 986145 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-6145, USA
| | - Courtney V Fletcher
- Antiviral Pharmacology Laboratory, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, PDD Rm 3019, 986145 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-6145, USA
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Kerchberger AM, Sheth AN, Angert CD, Mehta CC, Summers NA, Ofotokun I, Gustafson D, Weiser SD, Sharma A, Adimora AA, French AL, Augenbraun M, Cocohoba J, Kassaye S, Bolivar H, Govindarajulu U, Konkle-Parker D, Golub ET, Lahiri CD. Weight Gain Associated With Integrase Stand Transfer Inhibitor Use in Women. Clin Infect Dis 2020; 71:593-600. [PMID: 31504324 PMCID: PMC7384314 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciz853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Integrase strand-transfer inhibitor (INSTI)-based antiretroviral therapy (ART) is recommended for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) management. Although studies have suggested associations between INSTIs and weight gain, women living with HIV (WLHIV) have been underrepresented in research. We evaluated the effect of switching or adding INSTIs among WLHIV. METHODS Women enrolled in the Women's Interagency HIV Study (WIHS) from 2006-2017 who switched to or added an INSTI to ART (SWAD group) were compared to women on non-INSTI ART (STAY group). Body weight, body mass index (BMI), percentage body fat (PBF), and waist, hip, arm, and thigh circumferences were measured 6-12 months before and 6-18 months after the INSTI switch/add in SWAD participants, with comparable measurement time points in STAY participants. Linear regression models compared changes over time by SWAD/STAY group, adjusted for age, race, WIHS site, education, income, smoking status, and baseline ART regimen. RESULTS We followed 1118 women (234 SWAD and 884 STAY) for a mean of 2.0 years (+/- 0.1 standard deviation [SD]; mean age 48.8 years, SD +/- 8.8); 61% were Black. On average, compared to the STAY group, the SWAD group experienced mean greater increases of 2.1 kg in body weight, 0.8 kg/m2 in BMI, 1.4% in PBF, and 2.0, 1.9, 0.6, and 1.0 cm in waist, hip, arm, and thigh circumference, respectively (all P values < .05). No differences in magnitudes of these changes were observed by INSTI type. CONCLUSIONS In WLHIV, a switch to INSTI was associated with significant increases in body weight, body circumferences, and fat percentages, compared to non-INSTI ART. The metabolic and other health effects of these changes deserve further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anandi N Sheth
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Christine D Angert
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - C Christina Mehta
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Nathan A Summers
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Ighovwerha Ofotokun
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Deborah Gustafson
- Department of Neurology, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York, USA
| | - Sheri D Weiser
- Department of Medicine, Division of Human Immunodeficiency Virus, Infectious Diseases, and Global Medicine, University of California San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Anjali Sharma
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Adaora A Adimora
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Audrey L French
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Stroger Hospital of Cook County, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Michael Augenbraun
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York, USA
| | - Jennifer Cocohoba
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of California San Francisco School of Pharmacy, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Seble Kassaye
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Hector Bolivar
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Miami Health System, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Usha Govindarajulu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York, USA
| | - Deborah Konkle-Parker
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Mississippi Medical Center Jackson, Mississippi, USA
| | - Elizabeth T Golub
- Division of General Epidemiology and Methodology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Cecile D Lahiri
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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Semengue ENJ, Santoro MM, Ndze VN, Dambaya B, Takou D, Teto G, Nka AD, Fabeni L, Wiyeh A, Ceccherini-Silberstein F, Colizzi V, Perno CF, Fokam J. HIV-1 integrase resistance associated mutations and the use of dolutegravir in Sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol. Syst Rev 2020; 9:93. [PMID: 32334643 PMCID: PMC7183126 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-020-01356-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sub-Saharan Africa carries the greatest burden of HIV-infection with increasing drug resistance burden, which requires improved patient management and monitoring. Current WHO recommendations suggest transitioning to dolutegravir-based (adults) or raltegravir-based-regimens (neonates) for initial antiretroviral therapy (ART) and as a suitable alternative in cases of multi-resistance in resource-limited settings. This review aims at synthesizing the current knowledge on dolutegravir use and integrase resistance-associated mutations found before the wide use of dolutegravir-based regimens. METHODS This systematic review will include randomized and non-randomized trials, cohort, and cross-sectional studies published on dolutegravir use or integrase resistance-associated mutations in Sub-Saharan Africa. Searches will be conducted (from 2007 onwards) in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature (LILAC), Web of Science, African Journals Online, and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) databases. Hand searching of the reference lists of relevant reviews and trials will be conducted and we will also look for conference abstracts. We will include studies of adults and/or children exposed to integrase inhibitors-based therapies; especially dolutegravir or raltegravir (which is our intervention of interest as compared to other antiretroviral regimens). We will exclude studies of patients with specific co-morbidities such as tuberculosis or opportunistic infections. Primary outcomes will be "the rate of viral suppression" and "the level of drug resistance" on integrase inhibitor-based regimens among patients in Sub-Saharan Africa. Secondary outcomes will be "the effect of baseline viremia on viral suppression," "the effect of treatment duration on viral suppression," "the proportion of patients with immune recovery," "the rate of non-adherence," "rate of adverse events;" "drug resistance according to different integrase inhibitor-based regimens," and "drug resistance according to viral subtypes/recombinants." Two reviewers will independently screen titles and abstracts, assess the full texts for eligibility, and extract data. If data permits, random effects models will be used where appropriate. Subgroup and additional analyses will be conducted to explore the potential sources of heterogeneity (e.g., age, sex, baseline viremia, CD4 following treatment, treatment duration, and adherence level). DISCUSSION This review will help to strengthen evidence on the effectiveness of integrase strand transfer inhibitors by contributing to current knowledge on the use of dolutegravir and/or raltegravir (especially for neonates) in Sub-Saharan Africa. Results will therefore help in setting-up baseline data for an optimal management of people living with HIV as Sub-Saharan African countries are transitioning to dolutegravir-based regimens. Evidence will also support HIV/AIDS programs in identifying gaps and actions to be undertaken for improved long-term care and treatment of people living with HIV in Sub-Saharan Africa. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO CRD42019122424.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ezechiel Ngoufack Jagni Semengue
- Chantal Biya International Reference Centre for research on HIV/AIDS prevention and management (CIRCB), Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Evangelical University of Cameroon, Bandjoun, Cameroon
- University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Valantine Ngum Ndze
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Beatrice Dambaya
- Chantal Biya International Reference Centre for research on HIV/AIDS prevention and management (CIRCB), Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Desiré Takou
- Chantal Biya International Reference Centre for research on HIV/AIDS prevention and management (CIRCB), Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Georges Teto
- Chantal Biya International Reference Centre for research on HIV/AIDS prevention and management (CIRCB), Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Alex Durand Nka
- Chantal Biya International Reference Centre for research on HIV/AIDS prevention and management (CIRCB), Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Evangelical University of Cameroon, Bandjoun, Cameroon
- University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Alison Wiyeh
- South African Medical Research Council (MRC), Cochrane South Africa, Pretoria, South Africa
| | | | - Vittorio Colizzi
- Evangelical University of Cameroon, Bandjoun, Cameroon
- Chair of Biotechnology-UNESCO, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Joseph Fokam
- Chantal Biya International Reference Centre for research on HIV/AIDS prevention and management (CIRCB), Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
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11
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Ye L, Peng Z, Zhao T, Xie F, Wang J, Wei B. [Construction of a vector targeting integrase of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) used for screening peptide drug]. Xi Bao Yu Fen Zi Mian Yi Xue Za Zhi 2019; 35:333-338. [PMID: 31167693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Objective To obtain the expression vector, which could be used for screening peptide drug against human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) integrase (IN) with bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFc). Methods Full-length IN sequence was amplified using high-fidelity PCR with the template pMDL vector, following with the insertion of target sequence into pBiFc-VN173 vector. Moreover, the recombinant vector pBiFc-VN173-IN was further confirmed by double enzyme digestion and sequencing. Compared with empty control, expression of IN from pBiFc-VN173-IN in HEK293T cells was validated by Western blotting and immunofluorescence assay (IFA). Results The pBiFc-VN173-IN vector, which could drive the ectopic expression of IN, was successfully obtained through high-fidelity PCR, vector construction and confirmation. In addition, Western blot analysis and IFA validated the ectopic expression of IN in HEK293T cells after transfection. Conclusion The pBiFc-VN173-IN vector has been successfully obtained, and it will be helpful for screening specific peptides against IN using BiFc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liying Ye
- Fujian Health College, Fuzhou 350101, China
| | | | - Tingting Zhao
- School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Fuan Xie
- Dongfang Hospital, Xiamen University, Fuzhou 350025, China
| | - Junkai Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Bina Wei
- Fujian Health College, Fuzhou 350101, China. *Corresponding author, E-mail:
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Cheng Y, Nickman NA, Jamjian C, Stevens V, Zhang Y, Sauer B, LaFleur J. Predicting poor adherence to antiretroviral therapy among treatment-naïve veterans infected with human immunodeficiency virus. Medicine (Baltimore) 2018; 97:e9495. [PMID: 29480838 PMCID: PMC5943852 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000009495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies suggested that human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected patients at risk of poor adherence were not distinguishable only based on the baseline characteristics. This study is to identify patient characteristics that would be consistently associated with poor adherence across regimens and to understand the associations between initial and long-term adherence. HIV treatment-naïve patients initiated on protease inhibitors, nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, or integrase strand transfer inhibitors were identified from the Veteran Health Administration system. Initial adherence measured as initial coverage ratio (ICR) and long-term adherence measured as thereafter 1-year proportion days covered (PDC) of base agent and complete regimen were estimated for each patient. The patients most likely to exhibit poor adherence were African-American, with lower socioeconomic status, and healthier. The initial coverage ratio of base agent and complete regimen were highly correlated, but the correlations between ICR and thereafter 1-year PDC were low. However, including initial adherence as a predictor in predictive model would substantially increase predictive accuracy of future adherence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Cheng
- Biomedical Informatics Center, George Washington University, Washington, DC
| | | | | | - Vanessa Stevens
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah
- VA Salt Lake City Health Care System, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah
| | - Brian Sauer
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah
- VA Salt Lake City Health Care System, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Joanne LaFleur
- Department of Pharmacotherapy
- VA Salt Lake City Health Care System, Salt Lake City, UT
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Fabrizio C, Lepore L, Lagioia A, Punzi G, Saracino A, Angarano G, Monno L. Comment on: Integrase strand-transfer inhibitor polymorphic and accessory resistance substitutions in patients with acute/recent HIV infection. J Antimicrob Chemother 2017; 72:1546-1547. [PMID: 28158344 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkx014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
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Abstract
The HIV genome encodes a small number of viral proteins (i.e., 16), invariably establishing cooperative associations among HIV proteins and between HIV and host proteins, to invade host cells and hijack their internal machineries. As a known example, the HIV envelope glycoprotein GP120 is closely associated with GP41 for viral entry. From a genome-wide perspective, a hypothesis can be worked out to determine whether 16 HIV proteins could develop 120 possible pairwise associations either by physical interactions or by functional associations mediated via HIV or host molecules. Here, we present the first systematic review of experimental evidence on HIV genome-wide protein associations using a large body of publications accumulated over the past 3 decades. Of 120 possible pairwise associations between 16 HIV proteins, at least 34 physical interactions and 17 functional associations have been identified. To achieve efficient viral replication and infection, HIV protein associations play essential roles (e.g., cleavage, inhibition, and activation) during the HIV life cycle. In either a dispensable or an indispensable manner, each HIV protein collaborates with another viral protein to accomplish specific activities that precisely take place at the proper stages of the HIV life cycle. In addition, HIV genome-wide protein associations have an impact on anti-HIV inhibitors due to the extensive cross talk between drug-inhibited proteins and other HIV proteins. Overall, this study presents for the first time a comprehensive overview of HIV genome-wide protein associations, highlighting meticulous collaborations between all viral proteins during the HIV life cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangdi Li
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China KU Leuven-University of Leuven, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Erik De Clercq
- KU Leuven-University of Leuven, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Leuven, Belgium
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Larue R, Gupta K, Wuensch C, Shkriabai N, Kessl JJ, Danhart E, Feng L, Taltynov O, Christ F, Van Duyne GD, Debyser Z, Foster MP, Kvaratskhelia M. Interaction of the HIV-1 intasome with transportin 3 protein (TNPO3 or TRN-SR2). J Biol Chem 2012; 287:34044-58. [PMID: 22872640 PMCID: PMC3464514 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.384669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2012] [Revised: 08/01/2012] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Transportin 3 (TNPO3 or TRN-SR2) has been shown to be an important cellular factor for early steps of lentiviral replication. However, separate studies have implicated distinct mechanisms for TNPO3 either through its interaction with HIV-1 integrase or capsid. Here we have carried out a detailed biophysical characterization of TNPO3 and investigated its interactions with viral proteins. Biophysical analyses including circular dichroism, analytical ultracentrifugation, small-angle x-ray scattering, and homology modeling provide insight into TNPO3 architecture and indicate that it is highly structured and exists in a monomer-dimer equilibrium in solution. In vitro biochemical binding assays argued against meaningful direct interaction between TNPO3 and the capsid cores. Instead, TNPO3 effectively bound to the functional intasome but not to naked viral DNA, suggesting that TNPO3 can directly engage the HIV-1 IN tetramer prebound to the cognate DNA. Mass spectrometry-based protein footprinting and site-directed mutagenesis studies have enabled us to map several interacting amino acids in the HIV-1 IN C-terminal domain and the cargo binding domain of TNPO3. Our findings provide important information for future genetic analysis to better understand the role of TNPO3 and its interacting partners for HIV-1 replication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ross Larue
- From the Center for Retrovirus Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, College of Pharmacy and
| | - Kushol Gupta
- the Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics and The Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, and
| | - Christiane Wuensch
- From the Center for Retrovirus Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, College of Pharmacy and
| | - Nikolozi Shkriabai
- From the Center for Retrovirus Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, College of Pharmacy and
| | - Jacques J. Kessl
- From the Center for Retrovirus Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, College of Pharmacy and
| | - Eric Danhart
- the Department of Chemistry,The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - Lei Feng
- From the Center for Retrovirus Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, College of Pharmacy and
| | - Oliver Taltynov
- the Division of Molecular Medicine, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Flanders 3000, Belgium
| | - Frauke Christ
- the Division of Molecular Medicine, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Flanders 3000, Belgium
| | - Gregory D. Van Duyne
- the Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics and The Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, and
| | - Zeger Debyser
- the Division of Molecular Medicine, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Flanders 3000, Belgium
| | - Mark P. Foster
- the Department of Chemistry,The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - Mamuka Kvaratskhelia
- From the Center for Retrovirus Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, College of Pharmacy and
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Bak A, Magdziarz T, Polanski J. Pharmacophore-based database mining for probing fragmental drug-likeness of diketo acid analogues. SAR QSAR Environ Res 2012; 23:185-204. [PMID: 22292781 DOI: 10.1080/1062936x.2011.645875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
A number of the structurally diverse chemical compounds with functional diketo acid (DKA) subunit(s) have been revealed by combined online and MoStBiodat 3D pharmacophore-guided ZINC and PubChem database screening. We used the structural data available from such screening to analyse the similarities of the compounds containing the DKA fragment. Generally, the analysis by principal component analysis and self-organizing neural network approaches reveals four families of compounds complying with the chemical constitution (aromatic, aliphatic) of the compounds. From a practical point of view, similar studies may reveal potential bioisosteres of known drugs, e.g. raltegravir/elvitegravir. In this context, it seems that mono-halogenated aryl substructures with para group show the closest similarity to these compounds, in contrast to structures where the aromatic ring is halogenated in both ortho- and para-locations.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Bak
- Department of Organic Chemistry , Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland.
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17
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Upadhyay A, Chompoo J, Kishimoto W, Makise T, Tawata S. HIV-1 integrase and neuraminidase inhibitors from Alpinia zerumbet. J Agric Food Chem 2011; 59:2857-2862. [PMID: 21306110 DOI: 10.1021/jf104813k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
AIDS and influenza are viral pandemics and remain one of the leading causes of human deaths worldwide. The increasing resistance of these diseases to synthetic drugs demands the search for novel compounds from plant-based sources. In this regard, the leaves and rhizomes of Alpinia zerumbet, a traditionally important economic plant in Okinawa, were investigated for activity against HIV-1 integrase (IN) and neuraminidase (NA). The aqueous extracts of leaves and rhizomes had IN inhibitory activity with IC(50) values of 30 and 188 μg/mL, whereas against NA they showed 50% inhibition at concentrations of 43 and 57 μg/mL, respectively. 5,6-Dehydrokawain (DK), dihydro-5,6-dehydrokawain (DDK), and 8(17),12-labdadiene-15,16-dial (labdadiene) were isolated from the rhizomes and were tested for enzyme inhibitions. DK and DDK strongly inhibited IN with IC(50) of 4.4 and 3.6 μg/mL, respectively. Against NA, DK, DDK, and labdadiene exhibited mixed type of inhibition with respective IC(50) values of 25.5, 24.6, and 36.6 μM and K(i) values ranging from 0.3 to 2.8 μM. It was found that DDK is a slow and time-dependent reversible inhibitor of NA, probably with a methoxy group as its functionally active site. These results suggest that alpinia could be used as a source of bioactive compounds against IN and NA and that DK and DDK may have possibilities in the design of drugs against these viral diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atul Upadhyay
- Department of Biochemistry and Applied Bioscience, The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan
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Papendorp SGF, Brinkman K. [Raltegravir as first integrase inhibitor in an HIV-infection]. Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd 2009; 153:166-167. [PMID: 19256240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
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19
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Li H, Yuan G. Collision-induced dissociation of dimeric G-quadruplexes of HIV-1 integrase inhibitors and their complexes by tandem-in-time mass spectrometry. Eur J Mass Spectrom (Chichester) 2009; 15:731-737. [PMID: 19940339 DOI: 10.1255/ejms.1033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The collision-dissociation behavior of two novel dimeric G-quadruplexes of HIV-1 integrase inhibitors and their noncovalent complex ions with a perylene derivative (Tel03), polyamides (ImImImbetaDp and PyPyPybetaDp) was investigated by tandem-in-time electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS). It was found that the dimeric ion loses five ammonium ions one by one at activation energy of 10%, so the loss of NH(4)(+) is the predominant fragmentation pathway at lower collision energy. When the activation amplitude is increased to 16%, the loss of guanine nucleobases from backbones of the oligonucleotide is the predominant fragmentation pathway. And the stability of the complex ion of the dimeric G-quadruplex and Tel03 is higher than that of ImImImbetaDp and PyPyPybetaDp. The results of the MS/MS spectra of the complex ion indicated that Tel03 binding molecule favor the stabilization of the novel G-quadruplex structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huihui Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biofunctional Materials, School of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210097, China
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20
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Li H, Yuan G, Du D. Investigation of formation, recognition, stabilization, and conversion of dimeric G-quadruplexes of HIV-1 integrase inhibitors by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. J Am Soc Mass Spectrom 2008; 19:550-559. [PMID: 18313939 DOI: 10.1016/j.jasms.2008.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2007] [Revised: 01/27/2008] [Accepted: 01/28/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The dimeric G-quadruplex structures of d(GGGTGGGTGGGTGGGT) (S1) and d(GTGGTGGGTGGGTGGGT) (S2), the potent nanomolar HIV-1 integrase inhibitors, were detected by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) for the first time. The formation and conversion of the dimers were induced by NH(4)(+), DNA concentration, pH, and the binding molecules. We directly observed the specific binding of a perylene derivative (Tel03) and ImImImbetaDp in one system consisting of the intramolecular and the dimeric G-quadruplexes of the HIV-1 integrase inhibitor, which suggested that Tel03 could shift the equilibrium to the dimeric G-quadruplex formation, while ImImImbetaDp induces preferentially a structural change from the dimer to the intramolecular G-quadruplex. The results of this study indicated that Tel03 and ImImImbetaDp favor the stabilization of the dimeric G-quadruplex structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huihui Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
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Boros EE, Johns BA, Garvey EP, Koble CS, Miller WH. Synthesis and HIV-integrase strand transfer inhibition activity of 7-hydroxy[1,3]thiazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-5(4H)-ones. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2006; 16:5668-72. [PMID: 16908139 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2006.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2006] [Revised: 07/26/2006] [Accepted: 08/01/2006] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
An efficient synthesis of methyl 7-hydroxy[1,3]thiazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-5(4H)-one-6-carboxylates (8-10 and 16) and 6-carboxamides (17-20) is described. Sub-micromolar enzyme inhibition of HIV integrase was achieved with several carboxamide analogs which were superior to their carboxylic ester congeners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric E Boros
- GlaxoSmithKline Research and Development, Five Moore Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA.
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Bessong PO, Obi CL, Andréola ML, Rojas LB, Pouységu L, Igumbor E, Meyer JJM, Quideau S, Litvak S. Evaluation of selected South African medicinal plants for inhibitory properties against human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase and integrase. J Ethnopharmacol 2005; 99:83-91. [PMID: 15848024 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2005.01.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2004] [Revised: 01/05/2005] [Accepted: 01/28/2005] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Seventeen aqueous and methanol extracts from nine South African medicinal plants, ethnobotanically selected, were screened for inhibitory properties against HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT). Isolated compounds were additionally evaluated on HIV-1 integrase (IN). The strongest inhibition against the RNA-dependent-DNA polymerase (RDDP) activity of RT was observed with the methanol extract of the stem-bark of Peltophorum africanum Sond. (Fabaceae) (IC(50) 3.5 microg/ml), while the methanol extract of the roots of Combretum molle R.Br. ex G. Don (Combretaceae) was the most inhibitory on the ribonuclease H (RNase H) activity (IC(50) 9.7 microg/ml). The known compounds bergenin and catechin, and a red coloured gallotannin composed of meta-depside chains of gallic and protocatechuic acids esterified to a 1-O-isobutyroly-beta-D-glucopyranose core, were isolated from the methanol extract of the roots and stem-bark of Peltophorum africanum. The gallotannin inhibited the RDDP and RNase H functions of RT with IC(50) values of 6.0 and 5.0 microM, respectively, and abolished the 3'-end processing activity of IN at 100 microM. Catechin showed no effect on RT but had a moderate activity on HIV-1 IN. Bergenin was inactive on both enzymes. The aqueous and methanol extracts were non-toxic in a HeLaP4 cell line at a concentration of 400 microg/ml.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascal Obong Bessong
- Department of Microbiology, University of Venda for Science and Technology, PMB X5050, Thohoyandou 0950, South Africa.
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Fermandjian S, Maroun RS, Amekraz B, Jankowski CK. Self-association of an amphipathic helix peptide inhibitor of HIV-1 integrase assessed by electro spray ionization mass spectrometry in trifluoroethanol/water mixtures. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 2001; 15:320-324. [PMID: 11241761 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Establishing the auto-associative properties of a molecule in solution can be important for determination of its structure and function. EAA26 (VESMNEELKKIIAQVRAQAEHLKTAY) has been designed to inhibit HIV-1 integrase via formation of a stable coiled-coil structure with a nearly homologous segment in the enzyme. The latter catalyzes the permanent incorporation of a DNA copy of the retrovirus genome into host cell DNA, and is thus essential to the life of the retrovirus. This makes integrase an obvious drug target in the therapy of AIDS. The present work has demonstrated, using electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), that EAA26 is monomeric in pure water, and tetrameric and dimeric at respectively low and medium concentrations of 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol (TFE), and again monomeric at higher TFE concentrations. Thus, the apolar solvent TFE may contribute to either stabilization or disruption of the intermolecular hydrophobic contacts depending on its concentration in aqueous solution. Previous NMR and ultracentifugation results are thus confirmed, indicating the reliability of ESI-MS for defining the self-association state of biologically relevant peptides in both water and organic-water solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Fermandjian
- Département de Biologie et Pharmacologie Structurales, UMR 8532 CNRS, Institut Gustave Roussy, 94805 Villejuif, France
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Yoshinaga T. [Reaction mechanism of HIV-1 integrase]. Tanpakushitsu Kakusan Koso 1996; 41:1372-84; discussion 1397. [PMID: 8752888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- T Yoshinaga
- Shionogi Institute for Medical Science, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan
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O'Brien C. Differences that show up in translation. Mol Med Today 1996; 2:49. [PMID: 8796855 DOI: 10.1016/1357-4310(96)88728-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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Haugan IR, Nilsen BM, Worland S, Olsen L, Helland DE. Characterization of the DNA-binding activity of HIV-1 integrase using a filter binding assay. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1995; 217:802-10. [PMID: 8554601 DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.1995.2843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Based on the selective binding of proteins and DNA to distinct filter materials a double-layered dot blot radio assay was developed to evaluate the binding of DNA to HIV-1 integrase. In this assay the DNA-binding was found to be independent of Mn2+ concentration, inhibited by concentrations of Mg2+ above 5 mM, abolished by zinc chelation and inhibited by monoclonal antibodies reacting with either the N-terminal or C-terminal regions of integrase. Atomic absorption spectroscopy revealed the molar ratio between integrase and zinc to be close to 1. It is concluded that both the N-terminal and the C-terminal regions of integrase are involved in DNA-binding and that the reported double-layered dot blot radio assay is well suited for further characterization of the integrase.
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Affiliation(s)
- I R Haugan
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, University of Bergen, Norway
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Lee SP, Censullo ML, Kim HG, Knutson JR, Han MK. Characterization of endonucleolytic activity of HIV-1 integrase using a fluorogenic substrate. Anal Biochem 1995; 227:295-301. [PMID: 7573950 DOI: 10.1006/abio.1995.1284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Retroviruses require viral DNA to be synthesized by reverse transcription in the cytoplasm followed by integration of the resulting viral DNA into the host chromosome in the nucleus. Reverse transcription and integration, essential steps in the life cycle of retroviruses, are possible targets in the development of antiviral reagents. One attractive target is the integrase protein, a product of the retroviral pol gene which is solely responsible for the retroviral integration process through cutting and joining reactions. When screening for massive numbers of antiviral agents, a rapid and precise assay is ideal. We report the application of fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) with fluorescein and eosin as the energy transfer pair to characterize HIV-IN-mediated DNA cleavage reactions. Past concerns with applications of FRET to DNA were due to interactions of the fluorophore with the DNA, resulting in quenched fluorescence. However, in this study these concerns have been resolved with the use of a nucleotide analog with a 12-carbon linker arm, 5-amino (12)-2'-deoxyuridine beta-cyanoethyl phosphoramidite. Steady-state fluorescence studies show that cleavage of the fluorogenic substrate by integrase results in enhancement of quenched donor fluorescence intensity. The fluorescence assay was confirmed by autoradiographic analysis of the cleavage reaction with radiolabeled fluorogenic substrate. This fluorescence assay will facilitate both detailed kinetic studies and the rapid screening of novel integrase inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- S P Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20007, USA
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Björling E, Utter G, Stålhandske P, Norrby E, Chiodi F. Identification of a uniquely immunodominant, cross-reacting site in the human immunodeficiency virus endonuclease protein. J Virol 1991; 65:4543-6. [PMID: 2072463 PMCID: PMC248902 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.65.8.4543-4546.1991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the features of the life cycle of retroviruses is insertion of the proviral DNA into host chromosomes. A protein encoded by the 3' end of the pol gene of the virus genome has been shown to possess endonuclease activity (D. P. Grandgenett, A. C. Vora, and R. D. Schiff, Virology 89:119-132, 1978), which is necessary for DNA integration. Sera from the majority of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals react with endonuclease protein p31 in serological tests (J. S. Allan, J. E. Coligan, T.-H. Lee, F. Barin, P. J. Kanki, S. M'Boup, M. F. McLane, J. E. Groopman, and M. Essex, Blood 69:331-333, 1987; E. F. Lillehoj, F. H. R. Salazar, R. J. Mervis, M. G. Raum, H. W. Chan, N. Ahmad, and S. Venkatesan, J. Virol. 62:3053-3058, 1988; K. S. Steimer, K. W. Higgins, M. A. Powers, J. C. Stephans, A. Gyenes, G. George-Nascimento, P. A. Liciw, P. J. Barr, R. A. Hallewell, and R. Sanchez-Pescador, J. Virol. 58:9-16, 1986). It is not known, however, which part of the protein represents the target(s) for antibody response. To study this, we synthesized peptides and used them in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay system to map the reactivity of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) antibody-positive sera to the different regions of the HIV endonuclease. A uniquely antigenic, HIV-1- and HIV-2-cross-reacting site was identified in the central part of this protein from Phe-663 to Trp-670.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Björling
- Department of Virology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
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Madaule P, Gairin JE, Bénichou S, Rossier J. A peptide library expressed in yeast reveals new major epitopes from human immunodeficiency virus type 1. FEMS Microbiol Immunol 1991; 3:99-107. [PMID: 1713777 DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6968.1991.tb04203.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
In order to characterize novel human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) continuous epitopes, we designed a simple method, based on recombinant DNA, providing a complete set of peptides derived from HIV-1. A library (4 x 10(4) clones) was first constructed in a new expression/secretion vector, using as inserts small fragments of HIV-1 DNA (50-150 bp) generated by random DNAse I cleavage. This peptide library, expressed in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, was screened with sera of HIV-1 infected individuals and human and murine anti-HIV-1 monoclonal antibodies. Plasmids from immunoreactive colonies were recovered and the sequences of the HIV-1 derived inserts were determined. By using human sera, we have detected classical HIV-1 epitopes and identified two novel major epitopes, which may be used to improve diagnostic tests, localized in the p24 core protein and in the endonuclease. In addition, four minor epitopes were also defined by screening the library with monoclonal antibodies: in the protease, in the p17 core protein, in gp120 and near the C-terminal of gp41. This method is general and can be used for any protein from which a cloned cDNA is available.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Madaule
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Nerveuse, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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Lin TH, Quinn TP, Grandgenett D, Walsh MT. Secondary structural analysis of retrovirus integrase: characterization by circular dichroism and empirical prediction methods. Proteins 1989; 5:156-65. [PMID: 2546146 DOI: 10.1002/prot.340050210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The retrovirus integrase (IN) protein is essential for integration of viral DNA into host DNA. The secondary structure of the purified IN protein from avian myeloblastosis virus was investigated by both circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy and five empirical prediction methods. The secondary structures determined from the resolving of CD spectra through a least-squares curve fitting procedure were compared with those predicted from four statistical methods, e.g., the Chou-Fasman, Garnier-Osguthorpe-Robson, Nishikawa-Ooi, and a JOINT scheme which combined all three of these methods, plus a pure a priori one, the Ptitsyn-Finkelstein method. Among all of the methods used, the Nishikawa-Ooi prediction gave the closest match in the composition of secondary structure to the CD result, although the other methods each correctly predicted one or more secondary structural group. Most of the alpha-helix and beta-sheet states predicted by the Ptitsyn-Finkelstein method were in accord with the Nishikawa-Ooi method. Secondary structural predictions by the Nishikawa-Ooi method were extended further to include IN proteins from four phylogenetic distinct retroviruses. The structural relationships between the four most conserved amino acid blocks of these IN proteins were compared using sequence homology and secondary structure predictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- T H Lin
- Institute for Molecular Virology, St. Louis University, Missouri 63110
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Abstract
Molecular evolution and phylogeny of different human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV1) strains, of a type 2 (HIV2) strain, and of two simian immunodeficiency viruses (SIVAGM and SIVMAC) have been studied by comparing the nucleotide sequences of the two regions of their pol genes which encode the reverse transcriptase (RT) and endonuclease/integrase (EN). The analyses show that the different HIV 1s form one cluster (HIV1 group) and that the SIVs and HIV2 form another (HIV2 group). When the entire genomes of a HIV1, a HIV2, and the two SIVs were compared, the SIVAGM showed a unique pattern of mutation accumulations; that is, the SIVAGM has accumulated more nonsynonymous changes than synonymous changes in the RT and EN regions after its recent divergence from SIVMAC-142, and, furthermore, it has a deletion of approximately 350 bp in the region between the pol and env genes. The SIVAGM was apparently derived from cell cultures infected with a macaque isolate, SIVMAC-251. The contamination provides an opportunity to measure the maximum rate of evolution in the SIVAGM by comparing its DNA sequence to those of SIVMAC-251 and SIVMAC-142. The analysis shows that the rates are given approximately by (1.95 +/- 1.37) x 10(-3)/site/year for one SIVAGM sequence and (5.18 +/- 2.25) x 10(-3)/site/year for another.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Yokoyama
- University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign 61820
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Abstract
Elimination of the protease domain from the polymerase open reading frame (pol) of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) leads, in Escherichia coli, to synthesis and accumulation of a non-processed 98-kDa reverse transcriptase/endonuclease (RT/ENDO) polyprotein. A partially purified preparation of this reverse RT/ENDO polyprotein displays little or no RT activity. Introduction of the pol protease domain as a separate transcriptional unit on the same plasmid restores the processing program, generating correctly sized RT and ENDO polypeptides. Concomitant with restoration of processing is the reappearance of RT activity. These results suggest that for HIV-1 RT to be active, it must be matured from the pol polyprotein.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Leuthardt
- Central Research Units, F. Hoffmann-La Roche & Co. Ltd., Basel, Switzerland
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