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Cavarzere P, Pietrobelli A, Gandini A, Munari S, Baffico AM, Maffei M, Gaudino R, Guzzo A, Arrigoni M, Coviello D, Piacentini G, Antoniazzi F. Role of genetic investigation in the diagnosis of short stature in a cohort of Italian children. J Endocrinol Invest 2024; 47:1237-1250. [PMID: 38087044 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-023-02243-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Short stature (SS) is defined as height more than 2 standard deviations below the mean for age and sex. Hypothyroidism, celiac disease, growth hormone deficiency, hormonal abnormalities, and genetic conditions are among its causes. A wide range of conditions often due to largely unknown genetic variants can elude conventional diagnostic workup. AIM We used next-generation sequencing (NGS) to better understand the etiology of SS in a cohort of Italian children. PATIENTS AND METHODS The study sample was 125 children with SS of unknown origin referred to our Institute between 2015 and 2021. All had undergone complete auxological and hormonal investigations to exclude common causes of SS. Genetic analysis was performed using a NGS panel of 104 genes. Clinical data were reviewed to clarify the pathogenicity of the variants detected. RESULTS In this cohort, 43 potentially causing variants were identified in 38 children. A syndromic genetic condition was diagnosed in 7: Noonan syndrome in 3, Leri-Weill syndrome in 3, and hypochondroplasia in 1. Moreover, 8 benign variants and other 37 like benign variants were found. In 88 children, 179 variants of uncertain significance (VUS) were identified. No variant was found in 16 children. CONCLUSION Genetic analysis is a useful tool in the diagnostic workup of patients with SS, in adapting management and treatment, and in identifying syndromes with mild atypical clinical features. The role of VUS should not be underestimated, particularly when multiple VUS with possible mutual worsening effects are present in the same child.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Cavarzere
- Pediatric Division, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of Verona (Full Member of European Reference Network Endo-ERN), Verona, Italy.
- Department of Pediatrics, Child and Mother's Hospital, Piazzale Stefani 1, 37126, Verona, Italy.
| | - A Pietrobelli
- Pediatric Division, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of Verona (Full Member of European Reference Network Endo-ERN), Verona, Italy
- Department Surgical Sciences, Dentistry, Gynecology and Pediatrics, Pediatric Clinic, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - A Gandini
- Department Surgical Sciences, Dentistry, Gynecology and Pediatrics, Pediatric Clinic, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - S Munari
- Pediatric Division, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of Verona (Full Member of European Reference Network Endo-ERN), Verona, Italy
| | - A M Baffico
- Laboratory of Human Genetics, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - M Maffei
- Laboratory of Human Genetics, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - R Gaudino
- Pediatric Division, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of Verona (Full Member of European Reference Network Endo-ERN), Verona, Italy
- Department Surgical Sciences, Dentistry, Gynecology and Pediatrics, Pediatric Clinic, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - A Guzzo
- Laboratory Unit, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - M Arrigoni
- Pediatric Division, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of Verona (Full Member of European Reference Network Endo-ERN), Verona, Italy
| | - D Coviello
- Laboratory of Human Genetics, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - G Piacentini
- Pediatric Division, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of Verona (Full Member of European Reference Network Endo-ERN), Verona, Italy
- Department Surgical Sciences, Dentistry, Gynecology and Pediatrics, Pediatric Clinic, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - F Antoniazzi
- Pediatric Division, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of Verona (Full Member of European Reference Network Endo-ERN), Verona, Italy
- Department Surgical Sciences, Dentistry, Gynecology and Pediatrics, Pediatric Clinic, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Dentistry, Gynecology and Pediatrics, Regional Center for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Children and Adolescents with Rare Skeletal Disorders, Pediatric Clinic, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
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Lamazza A, Fiori E, Carati MV, Guzzo A, Pronio A, Sterpetti AV. Therapeutic options for emergency gastrointestinal malignancy in COVID19 pandemic. The role of operative endoscopy. Br J Surg 2020; 107:e403-e404. [PMID: 33448343 PMCID: PMC7929232 DOI: 10.1002/bjs.11846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Lamazza
- Department of Surgery, University of Rome Sapienza
| | - E Fiori
- Department of Surgery, University of Rome Sapienza
| | - M V Carati
- Department of Surgery, University of Rome Sapienza
| | - A Guzzo
- Department of Surgery, University of Rome Sapienza
| | - A Pronio
- Department of Surgery, University of Rome Sapienza
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Khan NU, Danish L, Khan HU, Shah M, Ismail M, Ali I, Petruzziello A, Sabatino R, Guzzo A, Botti G, Iqbal A. Prevalence of dengue virus serotypes in the 2017 outbreak in Peshawar, KP, Pakistan. J Clin Lab Anal 2020; 34:e23371. [PMID: 32697383 PMCID: PMC7521314 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.23371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dengue is a viral disease, transmitted by infected Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus female mosquitoes. Worldwide, 96 million infections were estimated in 2010. The dengue virus comprises four distinct serotypes (DENV‐1, DENV‐2, DENV‐3, and DENV‐4) which belong to the genus Flavivirus. Determining the serotypes during dengue outbreaks is crucial for its effective management in terms of diagnostics improvement and polyvalent vaccine development. The aim of the present study is to determine the prevalence rate of dengue virus serotypes in the samples collected from patients during the 2017 outbreak in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Methods A total of 800 ELISA‐positive samples were collected, of which 513 (290 males, 223 females) samples were confirmed positive by PCR. Results Out of 513, 25 were found serotype 1 (5%), 196 were serotype 2 (38%), 192 were serotype 3 (37%), 56 were serotype 4 (11%), and 44 (8%) were found to have mix serotypes. Conclusion We can conclude that serotypes 2 and 3 of dengue virus were the predominated serotypes of dengue virus in the 2017 outbreak in Peshawar, capital city of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Najeeb Ullah Khan
- Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (Health Division), University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Lubna Danish
- Sulaiman Bin Abdullah Aba Al-Khail, Centre for Interdisciplinary in Basic Sciences (SA-CIRBS), International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Maryam Shah
- Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (Health Division), University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ismail
- Department of Zoology, Islamia College University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Ijaz Ali
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATs University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Rocco Sabatino
- Unit of Molecular Biology and Viral Oncology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori - IRCCS Fondazione "G. Pascale", Naples, Italy
| | - Annunziata Guzzo
- SSD Transfusion Medicine, Istituto Nazionale Tumori - IRCCS Fondazione "G. Pascale", Naples, Italy
| | - Gerardo Botti
- Scientific Direction, Istituto Nazionale Tumori - IRCCS Fondazione "G. Pascale", Naples, Italy
| | - Aqib Iqbal
- Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (Health Division), University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan
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Adnan F, Khan NU, Iqbal A, Ali I, Petruzziello A, Sabatino R, Guzzo A, Loquercio G, Botti G, Khan S, Naeem M, Khan MI. Interleukin-6 polymorphisms in HCC patients chronically infected with HCV. Infect Agent Cancer 2020; 15:21. [PMID: 32266003 PMCID: PMC7114800 DOI: 10.1186/s13027-020-00285-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma is a primary liver malignancy in which the risk of development is always multifunctional. Interleukin-6 is a proinflammatory and multifunctional cytokine, which plays an important role in the immune response, haematopoiesis and defence against viral infection. We aimed to evaluate the frequency of Interleukin-6 mutations (rs2069837 and rs17147230) associated with genetic risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in Khyber Pakthunkhwa population. A total of 72 hepatocellular carcinoma cases and 38 controls were included in this study. The genomic DNA was extracted from the peripheral blood cells and Interleukin-6 genotyping was performed using T-ARMS-PCR technique. Our results show a significant increase risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma with the mutation within Interleukin-6 gene with heterozygous G allele (rs2069837) (OR = 10.667, 95%CI = 3.923–29.001, p = < 0.0001) and heterozygous T allele (rs17147230) (OR = 75.385, 95%CI = 9.797–580.065, p = < 0.0001). However, under recessive gene model the results were insignificant in case of Interleukin-6 rs2069837 (OR = 0.605, 95%CI = 0.217–1.689, p = 0.337), while significant in case of Interleukin-6 rs17147230 (OR = 0.298, 95%CI = 0.121–0.734, p = 0.0085). In conclusion, Interleukin-6 mutation is associated with hepatocellular carcinoma susceptibility. More related studies with other associated interleukins and their whole gene sequencing will be required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faisal Adnan
- 1Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (Health Division), The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Najeeb Ullah Khan
- 1Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (Health Division), The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Aqib Iqbal
- 1Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (Health Division), The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Ijaz Ali
- 2Department of Biosciences, COMSATs University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Rocco Sabatino
- 4Unit of Molecular Biology and Viral Oncology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori, IRCCS Fondazione Pascale, Naples, Italy
| | - Annunziata Guzzo
- SSD Transfusion medicine, Istituto Nazionale Tumori - IRCCS Fondazione "G. Pascale", Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanna Loquercio
- Hematology-Oncology and stem cell transplantation Unit, IRCCS Fondazione "G. Pascale", Naples, Italy
| | - Gerardo Botti
- 7Scientific Directorate, Istituto Nazionale Tumori, IRCCS Fondazione "G. Pascale", Naples, Italy
| | - Sanaullah Khan
- 8Department of Zoology, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, KP Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Naeem
- Department of community medicine, Khyber Medical Collage, Peshawar, Pakistan
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Petruzziello A, Loquercio G, Sabatino R, Balaban DV, Ullah Khan N, Piccirillo M, Rodrigo L, di Capua L, Guzzo A, Labonia F, Botti G. Prevalence of Hepatitis C virus genotypes in nine selected European countries: A systematic review. J Clin Lab Anal 2019; 33:e22876. [PMID: 30843304 PMCID: PMC6595292 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.22876,] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a global health problem especially for its increasing level of mortality. Detailed knowledge of HCV genotypes prevalence has clinical relevance since the efficacy of therapies is impacted by genotypes and subtypes distribution. Moreover, HCV exhibits a great genetic variability regionally. To date, there are no published studies assessing HCV genotypes distribution in specific countries of the Mediterranean basin. The aim of this study was to review data published from 2000 to 2017 with the purpose to estimate genotypes distribution of HCV infection in nine European countries all located in the Mediterranean basin. METHODS A systematic research of peer-reviewed journals indexed in PubMed, Scopus, and EMBASE databases selected if containing data regarding distribution of HCV genotypes in nine selected European countries (Albania, Bosnia, Croatia, France, Greece, Italy, Montenegro, Slovenia, and Spain) was performed. RESULTS Genotype 1 is the most common (61.0%), ranging from 80.0% in Croatia to 46.0% in Greece, followed by genotype 3 (20.0%), varying from 38.0% in Slovenia to 7.0% and 8.0%, respectively, in Italy and in Albania and by genotype 4 (10.0%) that shows an increase of 1.1% with respect to data obtained till 2014 probably due to the increasing migrants arrivals to Southern Europe. G2, the fourth most frequent genotype (8.5%), particularly common in Italy (27.0%) and Albania (18.0%) might be probably introduced in Southern Italy as a result of Albanian campaign during Second World War and more and more increased by the migration flows from Albania to Italy in the 90s. CONCLUSION Epidemiology of HCV infection shows a high variability across the European countries that border the Mediterranean Sea. HCV genotyping is a relevant tool to monitor the dynamic process influenced by both evolving transmission trends and new migration flows on HCV scenario.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Giovanna Loquercio
- SSD Virology and Molecular Biology, Department of Diagnostic AreaIstituto Nazionale Tumori – Fondazione “G. Pascale”, IRCCS ItaliaNaplesItaly
| | - Rocco Sabatino
- SSD Virology and Molecular Biology, Department of Diagnostic AreaIstituto Nazionale Tumori – Fondazione “G. Pascale”, IRCCS ItaliaNaplesItaly
| | - Daniel Vasile Balaban
- Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, "Dr. Carol Davila" Central Military Emergency University HospitalBucharestRomania
| | - Najeeb Ullah Khan
- Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (Health Davison)The University of AgriculturePeshawarPakistan
| | - Mauro Piccirillo
- Hepatobiliar and Pancreatic Unit, Department of Surgical OncologyIstituto Nazionale Tumori–Fondazione “G. Pascale”IRCCS ItaliaNaplesItaly
| | - Luis Rodrigo
- Gastroenterology ServiceHospital Universitario Central de Asturias, University of OviedoOviedoSpain
| | - Lucia di Capua
- SSD Virology and Molecular Biology, Department of Diagnostic AreaIstituto Nazionale Tumori – Fondazione “G. Pascale”, IRCCS ItaliaNaplesItaly
| | - Annunziata Guzzo
- SSD Virology and Molecular Biology, Department of Diagnostic AreaIstituto Nazionale Tumori – Fondazione “G. Pascale”, IRCCS ItaliaNaplesItaly
| | - Francesco Labonia
- SSD Virology and Molecular Biology, Department of Diagnostic AreaIstituto Nazionale Tumori – Fondazione “G. Pascale”, IRCCS ItaliaNaplesItaly
| | - Gerardo Botti
- Scientific DirectorIRCCS Fondazione PascaleNaplesItaly
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6
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Petruzziello A, Loquercio G, Sabatino R, Balaban DV, Ullah Khan N, Piccirillo M, Rodrigo L, di Capua L, Guzzo A, Labonia F, Botti G. Prevalence of Hepatitis C virus genotypes in nine selected European countries: A systematic review. J Clin Lab Anal 2019; 33:e22876. [PMID: 30843304 PMCID: PMC6595292 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.22876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Revised: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a global health problem especially for its increasing level of mortality. Detailed knowledge of HCV genotypes prevalence has clinical relevance since the efficacy of therapies is impacted by genotypes and subtypes distribution. Moreover, HCV exhibits a great genetic variability regionally. To date, there are no published studies assessing HCV genotypes distribution in specific countries of the Mediterranean basin. The aim of this study was to review data published from 2000 to 2017 with the purpose to estimate genotypes distribution of HCV infection in nine European countries all located in the Mediterranean basin. METHODS A systematic research of peer-reviewed journals indexed in PubMed, Scopus, and EMBASE databases selected if containing data regarding distribution of HCV genotypes in nine selected European countries (Albania, Bosnia, Croatia, France, Greece, Italy, Montenegro, Slovenia, and Spain) was performed. RESULTS Genotype 1 is the most common (61.0%), ranging from 80.0% in Croatia to 46.0% in Greece, followed by genotype 3 (20.0%), varying from 38.0% in Slovenia to 7.0% and 8.0%, respectively, in Italy and in Albania and by genotype 4 (10.0%) that shows an increase of 1.1% with respect to data obtained till 2014 probably due to the increasing migrants arrivals to Southern Europe. G2, the fourth most frequent genotype (8.5%), particularly common in Italy (27.0%) and Albania (18.0%) might be probably introduced in Southern Italy as a result of Albanian campaign during Second World War and more and more increased by the migration flows from Albania to Italy in the 90s. CONCLUSION Epidemiology of HCV infection shows a high variability across the European countries that border the Mediterranean Sea. HCV genotyping is a relevant tool to monitor the dynamic process influenced by both evolving transmission trends and new migration flows on HCV scenario.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Giovanna Loquercio
- SSD Virology and Molecular Biology, Department of Diagnostic AreaIstituto Nazionale Tumori – Fondazione “G. Pascale”, IRCCS ItaliaNaplesItaly
| | - Rocco Sabatino
- SSD Virology and Molecular Biology, Department of Diagnostic AreaIstituto Nazionale Tumori – Fondazione “G. Pascale”, IRCCS ItaliaNaplesItaly
| | - Daniel Vasile Balaban
- Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, "Dr. Carol Davila" Central Military Emergency University HospitalBucharestRomania
| | - Najeeb Ullah Khan
- Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (Health Davison)The University of AgriculturePeshawarPakistan
| | - Mauro Piccirillo
- Hepatobiliar and Pancreatic Unit, Department of Surgical OncologyIstituto Nazionale Tumori–Fondazione “G. Pascale”IRCCS ItaliaNaplesItaly
| | - Luis Rodrigo
- Gastroenterology ServiceHospital Universitario Central de Asturias, University of OviedoOviedoSpain
| | - Lucia di Capua
- SSD Virology and Molecular Biology, Department of Diagnostic AreaIstituto Nazionale Tumori – Fondazione “G. Pascale”, IRCCS ItaliaNaplesItaly
| | - Annunziata Guzzo
- SSD Virology and Molecular Biology, Department of Diagnostic AreaIstituto Nazionale Tumori – Fondazione “G. Pascale”, IRCCS ItaliaNaplesItaly
| | - Francesco Labonia
- SSD Virology and Molecular Biology, Department of Diagnostic AreaIstituto Nazionale Tumori – Fondazione “G. Pascale”, IRCCS ItaliaNaplesItaly
| | - Gerardo Botti
- Scientific DirectorIRCCS Fondazione PascaleNaplesItaly
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Petruzziello A, Sabatino R, Loquercio G, Guzzo A, Di Capua L, Labonia F, Cozzolino A, Azzaro R, Botti G. Nine-year distribution pattern of hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotypes in Southern Italy. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0212033. [PMID: 30785909 PMCID: PMC6382136 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0212033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION It has been greatly described that different hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotypes are strictly correlated to various evolution, prognosis and response to therapy during the chronic liver disease. Aim of this study was to outline the changes in the epidemiology of Hepatitis C genotypes in Southern Italy regions from 2006 to 2014. MATERIAL/METHODS Prevalence of HCV genotypes was analyzed in 535 HCV-RNA positive patients with chronic Hepatitis C infection, selected during the period 2012-2014, and compared with our previous data, referred to periods 2006-2008 and 2009-2011. RESULTS In all the three periods analyzed, genotype 1b is predominant (51.8% in 2006-08, 48.3% in 2009-11 and 54.4% in 2012-14) while genotype 2 showed an increase in prevalence (27.9% in 2006-08, 31.7% in 2009-11 and 35.2% in 2012-14) and genotypes 3a and 1a a decrease during the same period (6.8% in 2006-08, 4.7% in 2009-11 and 3.2% in 2012-14 and 7.9% in 2006-08, 4.7% in 2009-11 and 2.6% in 2012-14, respectively). Subtype 1b seems to be equally distributed between males and females (52.7% vs 56.6%) and the prevalence in the age range 31-40 years is significantly higher in the 2012-14 period than in both previous periods (53.8% vs. 16.6% in 2009-11, p< 0.001 and 13.4% in 2006-08, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Genotype 1b is still the most prevalent, even if shows a significantly increase in the under 40 years old population. Instead, genotype 3a seems to have a moderate increase among young people. Overall, the alarming finding is the "returning" role of the iatrogenic transmission as risk factor for the diffusion of Hepatitis C infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnolfo Petruzziello
- SSD Virology and Molecular Biology, Department of Diagnostic Area, Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Fondazione “G. Pascale”, IRCCS Italia, Naples, Italy
- * E-mail:
| | - Rocco Sabatino
- SSD Virology and Molecular Biology, Department of Diagnostic Area, Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Fondazione “G. Pascale”, IRCCS Italia, Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanna Loquercio
- SSD Virology and Molecular Biology, Department of Diagnostic Area, Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Fondazione “G. Pascale”, IRCCS Italia, Naples, Italy
| | - Annunziata Guzzo
- SSD Virology and Molecular Biology, Department of Diagnostic Area, Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Fondazione “G. Pascale”, IRCCS Italia, Naples, Italy
| | - Lucia Di Capua
- SSD Virology and Molecular Biology, Department of Diagnostic Area, Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Fondazione “G. Pascale”, IRCCS Italia, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Labonia
- SSD Virology and Molecular Biology, Department of Diagnostic Area, Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Fondazione “G. Pascale”, IRCCS Italia, Naples, Italy
| | - Anna Cozzolino
- SSD Virology and Molecular Biology, Department of Diagnostic Area, Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Fondazione “G. Pascale”, IRCCS Italia, Naples, Italy
| | - Rosa Azzaro
- Transfusion Service, Department of Hemathology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori—Fondazione “G. Pascale”, IRCCS Italia, Naples, Italy
| | - Gerardo Botti
- SSD Virology and Molecular Biology, Department of Diagnostic Area, Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Fondazione “G. Pascale”, IRCCS Italia, Naples, Italy
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Abstract
We compared the work needed to retract a non-lubricated and a lubricated stylet from a tracheal tube over 24 h. Stylets were lubricated with sterile water, silicone fluid, lidocaine spray, lidocaine gel, MedPro(®) lubricating gel or Lacri-Lube(®). The mean (SD) work in joules needed to retract the stylet by 5 cm from the tracheal tube was recorded immediately (time 0), at 5 and 30 min and at 1, 3 and 24 h. At time 0 lubrication with sterile water (0.53 (0.09); p = 0.001), silicone fluid (0.43 (0.10); p < 0.001), lidocaine gel (0.60 (0.15); p = 0.01) and MedPro gel (0.57 (0.07); p = 0.005), were better than no lubrication (0.94 (0.28)). Where a tracheal tube is pre-loaded with a stylet for use at an indeterminate time, silicone fluid was the best choice of lubricant as it performed consistently well up to 24 h. At 24 h only silicone fluid (0.49 (0.01)) outperformed no lubrication (0.77 (0.24); p = 0.04).
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Taylor
- Department of Anaesthesia, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada
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9
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Wang M, Yan G, Yue W, Siu C, Tse H, Perperidis A, Cusack D, White A, Macgillivray T, Mcdicken W, Anderson T, Ryabov V, Shurupov V, Suslova T, Markov V, Elmstedt N, Ferm Widlund K, Lind B, Brodin LA, Westgren M, Mantovani F, Barbieri A, Bursi F, Valenti C, Quaglia M, Modena M, Peluso D, Muraru D, Dal Bianco L, Beraldo M, Solda' E, Tuveri M, Cucchini U, Al Mamary A, Badano L, Iliceto S, Goncalves A, Almeria C, Marcos-Alberca P, Feltes G, Hernandez-Antolin R, Rodriguez H, Maroto L, Silva Cardoso J, Macaya C, Zamorano J, Squarciotta S, Innocenti F, Guzzo A, Bianchi S, Lazzeretti D, De Villa E, Vicidomini S, Del Taglia B, Donnini C, Pini R, Mennie C, Salmasi AM, Kutyifa V, Nagy V, Edes E, Apor A, Merkely B, Nyrnes S, Lovstakken L, Torp H, Haugen B, Said K, Shehata A, Ashour Z, El-Tobgy S, Cameli M, Bigio E, Lisi M, Righini F, Franchi F, Scolletta S, Mondillo S, Gayat E, Weinert L, Yodwut C, Mor-Avi V, Lang R, Hrynchyshyn N, Kachenoura N, Diebold B, Khedim R, Senesi M, Redheuil A, Mousseaux E, Perdrix L, Yurdakul S, Erdemir V, Tayyareci Y, Memic K, Yildirimturk O, Aytekin V, Gurel M, Aytekin S, Gargani L, Fernandez Cimadevilla C, La Falce S, Landi P, Picano E, Sicari R, Smedsrud MK, Gravning J, Eek C, Morkrid L, Skulstad H, Aaberge L, Bendz B, Kjekshus J, Edvardsen T, Bajraktari G, Hyseni V, Morina B, Batalli A, Tafarshiku R, Olloni R, Henein M, Mjolstad O, Snare S, Folkvord L, Helland F, Torp H, Haraldseth O, Grimsmo A, Haugen B, Berry M, Zaghden O, Nahum J, Macron L, Lairez O, Damy T, Bensaid A, Dubois Rande J, Gueret P, Lim P, Nciri N, Issaoui Z, Tlili C, Wanes I, Foudhil H, Dachraoui F, Grapsa J, Dawson D, Nihoyannopoulos P, Gianturco L, Turiel M, Atzeni F, Sarzi-Puttini P, Stella D, Donato L, Tomasoni L, Jung P, Mueller M, Huber T, Sevilmis G, Kroetz F, Sohn H, Panoulas V, Bratsas A, Dawson D, Nihoyannopoulos P, Raso R, Tartarisco G, Gargani L, La Falce S, Pioggia G, Picano E, Gargiulo P, Petretta M, Cuocolo A, Prastaro M, D'amore C, Vassallo E, Savarese G, Marciano 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Monivas Palomero V, Mingo Santos S, Beltran Correas P, Gutierrez Landaluce C, Mitroi C, Garcia Lunar I, Gonzalez Mirelis J, Cavero Gibanel M, Gomez Bueno M, Segovia Cubero J, Beladan C, Matei F, Popescu B, Calin A, Rosca M, Boanta A, Enache R, Savu O, Usurelu C, Ginghina C, Ciobanu AO, Dulgheru R, Magda S, Dragoi R, Florescu M, Vinereanu D, Silva Marques J, Robalo Martins S, Jorge C, Calisto C, Goncalves S, Ribeiro S, Barrigoto I, Carvalho De Sousa J, Almeida A, Nunes Diogo A, Sargento L, Satendra M, Sousa C, Lousada N, Palma Reis R, Schiano Lomoriello V, Esposito R, Santoro A, Raia R, Schiattarella P, Dores E, Galderisi M, Mansencal N, Caille V, Dupland A, Perrot S, Bouferrache K, Vieillard-Baron A, Jouffroy R, Moceri P, Liodakis E, Gatzoulis M, Li W, Dimopoulos K, Sadron M, Seguela PE, Arnaudis B, Dulac Y, Cognet T, Acar P, Shiina Y, Gatzoulis M, Uemura H, Li W, Kupczynska K, Kasprzak J, Michalski B, Lipiec P, Carvalho V, Almeida AMG, David C, Marques J, Silva D, Cortez-Dias N, 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Alici G, Dundar C, Esen A, Labombarda F, Zangl E, Pellissier A, Bougle D, Maragnes P, Milliez P, Saloux E, Aggeli C, Lagoudakou S, Felekos I, Gialafos E, Poulidakis E, Tsokanis A, Roussakis G, Stefanadis C, Nagy A, Kovats T, Apor A, Vago H, Toth A, Sax B, Kovacs A, Merkely B, Elnoamany MF, Badran H, Abdelfattah I, Khalil T, Salama M, Butz T, Taubenberger C, Thangarajah F, Meissner A, Van Bracht M, Prull M, Yeni H, Plehn G, Trappe H, Rydman R, Bone D, Alam M, Caidahl K, Larsen F, Staron A, Gasior Z, Tabor Z, Sengupta P, Liu D, Niemann M, Hu K, Herrmann S, Stoerk S, Morbach C, Knop S, Voelker W, Ertl G, Weidemann F, Cawley P, Hamilton-Craig C, Mitsumori L, Maki J, Otto C, Astrom Aneq M, Nylander E, Ebbers T, Engvall J, Arvanitis P, Flachskampf F, Duvernoy O, De Torres Alba F, Valbuena Lopez S, Guzman Martinez G, Gomez De Diego J, Rey Blas J, Armada Romero E, Lopez De Sa E, Moreno Yanguela M, Lopez Sendon J, Aggeli C, Felekos I, Poulidakis E, Trikalinos N, Siasos G, Aggeli A, Roussakis G, Stefanadis C, Tomaszewski A, Kutarski A, Tomaszewski M, Ikonomidis I, Lekakis J, Tritakis V, Tzortzis S, Kadoglou N, Papadakis I, Trivilou P, Anastasiou-Nana M, Koukoulis C, Paraskevaidis I, Vriz O, Driussi C, Bettio M, Pavan D, Bossone E, Antonini Canterin F, Doltra Magarolas A, Fernandez-Armenta J, Silva E, Solanes N, Rigol M, Barcelo A, Mont L, Berruezo A, Brugada J, Sitges M, Ciciarello FL, Mandolesi S, Fedele F, Agati L, Marceca A, Rhee S, Shin S, Kim S, Yun K, Yoo N, Kim N, Oh S, Jeong J, Alabdulkarim N. Poster Session 4: Friday 9 December 2011, 14:00-18:00 * Location: Poster Area. European Journal of Echocardiography 2011. [DOI: 10.1093/ejechocard/jer216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Bellsham-Revell H, Tibby S, Bell AJ, Miller OI, Greil G, Simpson JM, Providencia RA, Trigo J, Botelho A, Gomes P, Seca L, Barra S, Faustino A, Costa G, Quintal N, Leitao-Marques A, Nestaas E, Stoylen A, Fugelseth D, Mornos C, Ionac A, Petrescu L, Cozma D, Dragulescu D, Mornos A, Pescariu S, Fontana A, Abbate M, Cazzaniga M, Giannattasio C, Trocino G, Laser K, Faber L, Fischer M, Koerperich H, Kececioglu D, Elnoamany MF, Dawood A, Elhabashy M, Khalil Y, Fontana A, Abbate M, Cazzaniga M, Giannattasio C, Trocino G, Piriou N, Warin-Fresse K, Caza M, Fau G, Crochet D, Xhabija N, Allajbeu I, Petrela E, Heba M, Barreiro Perez M, Martin Fernandez M, Renilla Gonzalez A, Florez Munoz J, Fernandez Cimadevilla O, Alvarez Pichel I, Velasco Alonso E, Leon Duran D, Benito Martin E, Secades Gonzalez S, Gargani L, Pang P, Davis E, Schumacher A, Sicari R, Picano E, Silva Ferreira A, Bettencourt N, Matos P, Oliveira L, Almeida A, Maceira Gonzalez AM, Cosin-Sales J, Igual B, Lopez Lereu M, Monmeneu J, Estornell J, Tsverava M, Tsverava D, Varela A, Salagianni M, Galani I, Andreakos E, Davos C, Ikonomidis I, Lekakis J, Tritakis V, Kadoglou N, Papadakis J, Trivilou P, Tzortzis S, Koukoulis C, Paraskevaidis I, Anastasiou-Nana M, Kim G, Youn H, Park C, Ibrahimi P, Bajraktari G, Jashari F, Ahmeti A, Poniku A, Haliti E, Henein M, Pezo Nikolic B, Jurin H, Lovric D, Baricevic Z, Ivanac Vranesic I, Lovric Bencic M, Ernst A, Separovic Hanzevacki J. Poster Session 3: Friday 9 December 2011, 08:30-12:30 * Location: Poster Area. European Journal of Echocardiography 2011. [DOI: 10.1093/ejechocard/jer214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Conti A, Viviani G, Boni V, Canuti E, Poggioni C, Donati M, Vicidomini S, Guzzo A, Zanobetti M, Innocenti F, Luzzi M, Borchi N, Magazzini S, Paladini B. TREATMENT STRATEGY IN PATIENTS WITH ATRIAL FIBRILLATION AND HYPERTENSION TO THE EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT. FOUR YEAR EXPERIENCE IN THE FLORENCE AREA: PP.1.42. J Hypertens 2010. [DOI: 10.1097/01.hjh.0000378366.47349.48] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Vignola A, Guzzo A, Calvo A, Moglia C, Pessia A, Cavallo E, Cammarosano S, Giacone S, Ghiglione P, Chiò A. Anxiety undermines quality of life in ALS patients and caregivers. Eur J Neurol 2008; 15:1231-6. [PMID: 18803649 DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-1331.2008.02303.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although depression has been widely studied in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), there is little information on anxiety. OBJECTIVE To detect anxiety in patients with ALS and their caregivers, comparing the diagnostic and the follow-up phases of the disease and assessing its impact on quality of life (QoL). METHODS Anxiety has been evaluated with the State and Trait Anxiety Inventory in a series of 75 consecutive ALS patients and their primary caregivers. Anxiety has been related to depression, QoL, and satisfaction with life. RESULTS In patients, state anxiety was significantly higher during the diagnostic phase, whilst in caregivers it was similar in the two phases. Patients' state anxiety was related to depression, shorter disease duration and lower satisfaction with life. Caregivers' state anxiety was related to their trait anxiety. Whilst in patients QoL and satisfaction with life were similar in the two phases, in caregivers there was a significant decrease of satisfaction with life in the follow-up phase. CONCLUSIONS Treating neurologists should recognize that the diagnostic phase and the earlier period after the diagnosis is characterized by a high level of anxiety both in ALS patients and in their caregivers, and should propose pharmacological and psychological interventions to relieve this highly distressing disturbance.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Vignola
- Department of Neuroscience, ALS Center, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
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Christopher H, Hung D, Kwofie K, Hung OR, Guzzo A. Effects of lubricants on the stylet removal from endotracheal tubes. Can J Anaesth 2007. [DOI: 10.1007/bf03019929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Preliminary clinical and experimental results suggest that iron can modify hepatocytes' insulin sensitivity by interfering with insulin receptor and intracellular insulin signalling. AIM To evaluate in vivo the influence of iron on insulin resistance and insulin release in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and in vitro the interaction between iron and insulin sensitivity by analysing the effect of iron manipulation on insulin receptor expression in hepatoblastoma HepG2 cell line. RESULTS Insulin resistance evaluated by homeostatis model assessment (HOMA)-insulin resistance significantly decreased after diet, and a further reduction was observed after phlebotomies. Iron depletion by desferrioxamine increased by twofold the 125I-insulin-specific binding, whereas iron addition reduced insulin binding, similarly to cells exposed to high glucose concentration. CONCLUSION Iron status affects insulin sensitivity by modulating the transcription and membrane expression/affinity of insulin receptor expression in hepatocytes and influencing insulin-dependent gene expression suggesting that increased insulin clearance and decreased insulin resistance may contribute to the positive effect of iron depletion in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Fargion
- Dipartimento Medicina Interna, Ospedale Maggiore IRCCS, Università di Milano, Milano, Italy.
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Ohta T, Sutton MD, Guzzo A, Cole S, Ferentz AE, Walker GC. Mutations affecting the ability of the Escherichia coli UmuD' protein to participate in SOS mutagenesis. J Bacteriol 1999; 181:177-85. [PMID: 9864328 PMCID: PMC103547 DOI: 10.1128/jb.181.1.177-185.1999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The products of the SOS-regulated umuDC operon are required for most UV and chemical mutagenesis in Escherichia coli, a process that results from a translesion synthesis mechanism. The UmuD protein is activated for its role in mutagenesis by a RecA-facilitated autodigestion that removes the N-terminal 24 amino acids. A previous genetic screen for nonmutable umuD mutants had resulted in the isolation of a set of missense mutants that produced UmuD proteins that were deficient in RecA-mediated cleavage (J. R. Battista, T. Ohta, T. Nohmi, W. Sun, and G. C. Walker, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 87:7190-7194, 1990). To identify elements of the UmuD' protein necessary for its role in translesion synthesis, we began with umuD', a modified form of the umuD gene that directly encodes the UmuD' protein, and obtained missense umuD' mutants deficient in UV and methyl methanesulfonate mutagenesis. The D39G, L40R, and T51I mutations affect residues located at the UmuD'2 homodimer interface and interfere with homodimer formation in vivo. The D75A mutation affects a highly conserved residue located at one end of the central strand in a three-stranded beta-sheet and appears to interfere with UmuD'2 homodimer formation indirectly by affecting the structure of the UmuD' monomer. When expressed from a multicopy plasmid, the L40R umuD' mutant gene exhibited a dominant negative effect on a chromosomal umuD+ gene with respect to UV mutagenesis, suggesting that the mutation has an effect on UmuD' function that goes beyond its impairment of homodimer formation. The G129D mutation affects a highly conserved residue that lies at the end of the long C-terminal beta-strand and results in a mutant UmuD' protein that exhibits a strongly dominant negative effect on UV mutagenesis in a umuD+ strain. The A30V and E35K mutations alter residues in the N-terminal arms of the UmuD'2 homodimer, which are mobile in solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Ohta
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
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Konola JT, Guzzo A, Gow JB, Walker GC, Knight KL. Differential cleavage of LexA and UmuD mediated by recA Pro67 mutants: implications for common LexA and UmuD binding sites on RecA. J Mol Biol 1998; 276:405-15. [PMID: 9512712 DOI: 10.1006/jmbi.1997.1531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In Escherichia coli, RecA-mediated cleavage of LexA repressor is a key regulatory event required for expression of SOS genes involved in the repair of DNA damage. RecA also mediates the cleavage of UmuD protein to UmuD, a form active in SOS mutagenesis. To determine whether LexA and UmuD have common binding determinants on RecA, we have compared the ability of several recA mutants to function in the cleavage of LexA versus UmuD in vivo. The data reveal that while some recA mutations at Pro67 have a similar effect on LexA and UmuD cleavage, others have striking differential effects. For example, a Pro67-->Trp mutation results in a high level of constitutive cleavage of both proteins. However, Pro67-->Asp and Glu mutations promote constitutive cleavage of LexA and reduce induction of UmuD cleavage to just 5 to 10% of wild-type activity. In contrast, Pro67-->Arg prevents LexA cleavage while allowing nearly 50% of wild-type induction of UmuD cleavage. These results are consistent with the idea that Pro67 is located at a site in the nucleoprotein filament where both LexA and UmuD contact RecA.
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Affiliation(s)
- J T Konola
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical Center, Worcester 01655, USA
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Nastri HG, Guzzo A, Lange CS, Walker GC, Knight KL. Mutational analysis of the RecA protein L1 region identifies this area as a probable part of the co-protease substrate binding site. Mol Microbiol 1997; 25:967-78. [PMID: 9364921 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2958.1997.mmi533.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Previous mutational analysis of the L1 region of the RecA protein suggested that Gly-157 and Glu-158 are 'hot-spots' for the occurrence of constitutive LexA co-protease mutants (coprt[c]). In the present study, we clearly establish that position 157 is a hot-spot for the occurrence of such mutants, as 12 of 14 and 10 of 14 substitutions result in this phenotype for UmuD and LexA cleavage respectively. The frequency of such mutations at position 158 is somewhat lower, 8 of 13 and 5 of 13 for UmuD and LexA respectively. Comparison of the UmuD vs. LexA co-protease activity for all single mutants with substitutions at positions 154, 155, 156, 157 and 158 (47 in total) reveals that, although there is good agreement among most mutants regarding their ability to cleave both LexA and UmuD, there are two in particular (Glu-154-->Asp and Glu-154-->Gln) that show a clear preference for cleavage of UmuD. We also show that three second-site mutations that completely suppress coprt(c) activity toward LexA have little or no effect on the coprt(c) activity of the primary mutant toward UmuD. In addition, we observe a high frequency of second-site suppressor mutations, suggesting a functional interaction among side-chains in this region. Together, these results support the idea that the L1 region of RecA makes up part of the co-protease substrate-binding site.
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Affiliation(s)
- H G Nastri
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical Center, Worcester 01655-0103, USA
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18
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Abstract
Disulfide-cross-linked UmuD2 derivatives were cleaved poorly upon incubation with activated RecA. Reducing the disulfide bonds prior to incubating the derivatives with RecA dramatically increased their extent of cleavage. These observations suggest that the UmuD monomer is a better substrate for the RecA-mediated cleavage reaction than the dimer.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H Lee
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge 02139, USA
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Abstract
On the basis of characterizations of a set of UmuD monocysteine derivatives, we had suggested that positions 24, 34, and 44 are closer to the intact UmuD homodimer interface than other positions tested (M. H. Lee, T. Ohta, and G. C. Walker, J. Bacteriol. 176:4825-4837, 1994). Because this region of UmuD also appeared to be important for interactions with RecA, we followed up on our previous study by constructing a second set of monocysteine UmuD derivatives with single cysteine substitutions at positions 30 to 42. We found that like the VC34 mutant, UmuD derivatives with monocysteine substitutions at positions 32 and 35 showed deficiencies in in vivo and in vitro RecA-mediated cleavage as well as in UV mutagenesis, suggesting that the position 32 to 35 region may be important for RecA-mediated cleavage of UmuD. Interestingly, UmuD with monocysteine substitutions at residues 33 and 40 showed a reduction in UV mutagenesis while retaining the ability to be cleaved by RecA in vivo, suggesting a deficiency in the subsequent role of the UmuD' derivatives in mutagenesis. All of the UmuD monocysteine derivatives in the position 30 to 42 series purified indistinguishably from the wild-type protein. The observations that purified proteins of the UmuD derivatives RC37 and IC38 could be disulfide cross-linked quantitatively upon addition of iodine and yet were poorly modified with iodoacetate led us to suggest that the pairs of residues at positions 37 and 38 are extremely close to the UmuD2 homodimer interface. These observations indicate that the structure of the UmuD2 homodimer in solution is very different from the crystal structure of the UmuD'2 homodimer reported by Peat et al. (T. S. Peat, E. G. Frank, J. P. McDonald, A. S. Levine, R. Woodgate, and W. A. Hendrickson, Nature [London] 380:727-730, 1996).
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Affiliation(s)
- A Guzzo
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge 02139, USA
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Guzzo A, Karatzios C, Diorio C, DuBow MS. Metallothionein-II and ferritin H mRNA levels are increased in arsenite-exposed HeLa cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1994; 205:590-5. [PMID: 7999084 DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.1994.2706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Arsenite is extremely toxic and, though non-mutagenic, is a carcinogen. To determine the effects of arsenite on changes in cell physiology, we searched for genes in HeLa cells whose mRNAs are more abundant after cellular exposure to arsenite. A cDNA subtraction was performed between cDNA synthesized from HeLa cells grown in the absence and presence of 5 microM sodium arsenite. Isolation and sequencing of three clones that showed a higher hybridization signal to RNA from arsenite-exposed cells, versus unexposed cells, revealed that two of the cDNAs coded for human ferritin H chain and the other coded for metallothionein-II. These results suggest the possibility that arsenite exposure may lead to increased levels of oxygen radicals, which augmented metallothionein and ferritin can act to detoxify.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Guzzo
- McGill University, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Abstract
In order to identify chromosomal genetically programmed responses to toxic metal exposure, a library of 3000 Escherichia coli clones was created that contained the promoterless luxAB genes of Vibrio harveyi inserted at single and random chromosomal loci. Changes in gene expression, as measured by a change in luminescence, were monitored after exposure of the clones to various metals. In this manner, we have identified two clones that showed an increase in luminescence in the presence of aluminum, one clone in the presence of nickel, and two clones in the presence of selenite. Identification of the metal-induced gene(s), and characterization of their biochemical function, will provide important clues about the effects of these metals at the molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Guzzo
- McGill University, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Guzzo A, DuBow MS. A luxAB transcriptional fusion to the cryptic celF gene of Escherichia coli displays increased luminescence in the presence of nickel. Mol Gen Genet 1994; 242:455-60. [PMID: 8121401 DOI: 10.1007/bf00281796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
From a library of 3000 Escherichia coli clones, each containing a single, chromosomally located luxAB transcriptional gene fusion, one clone was found in which luminescence increased in the presence of 1 to 50 ppm of NiSO4. A molecular analysis revealed that the insertion occurred within the celF gene of E. coli. This gene encodes the phospho-beta-glucosidase involved in cleavage of the sugars cellobiose, salicin and arbutin. Cloning and sequencing of DNA downstream of the celF gene revealed three open reading frames (potentially encoding polypeptides of 9.9, 14.1 and 28.5 kDa) that could be co-expressed with the celF gene and that may underlie the observed induction of the celF gene by nickel. A polypeptide of 26 kDa was produced when this region was placed under the control of the Ptac promoter. Moreover, this region was found to be directly adjacent to, and transcribed in the opposite orientation from, the katE gene of E. coli.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Guzzo
- McGill University, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Abstract
Luciferase-based biosensors are becoming increasingly used for environmental monitoring. A transcriptional fusion of the Vibrio harveyi luxAB genes (encoding bacterial luciferase) to the fliC gene of Escherichia coli was constructed and luminescence shown to be induced (in liquid media) in the presence of 1-10 micrograms/ml aluminum, but not copper, iron or nickel. Moreover, luminescence is markedly increased at pH 5.5, where aluminum is more soluble than at pH 7.0. However, aluminum also stimulated luciferase activity when the luxAB genes were located in the xyl operon. This suggests that aluminum stimulates luciferase enzyme activity in vivo. These results are specific to E. coli, as no such aluminum stimulation was observed in the luminescent bacterium V. harveyi. These results have important implications in the generalized use of these clones for environmental monitoring, where aluminum can be present at elevated concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Guzzo
- McGill University, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Abstract
A ColE1-based plasmid for transcriptional gene fusions was constructed that contains both the promoterless luxAB genes of Vibrio harveyi and a tet marker within the inverted repeats of a left end-truncated Tn5 element. Introduction of this plasmid into an Escherichia coli strain containing a plasmid (pTF421) that over-produces ColE1 RNA1 (and thus inhibits replication of the ColE1 plasmid) allowed selection for cells that had a single copy of the luxAB operon transposed into the chromosome beginning 5 days post-transformation. The long latent period necessary for Tn5 transposition is analogous to that found in other systems, where transposition frequencies and mutation rates increase in a time-dependent manner when selected for upon prolonged incubation on Petri dishes under bacteriostatic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Guzzo
- McGill University, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Abstract
luxAB gene fusions in the Escherichia coli genome were used to screen for clones displaying transcriptional changes in the presence of aluminum. One clone was found that contained a luciferase gene fusion in which transcription was increased in the presence of aluminum and which was subsequently shown to be induced by copper, iron, and nickel. Cloning of the metal-regulated gene, hybridization to the ordered phage lambda bank of the E. coli chromosome, and sequencing of DNA adjacent to the luxAB fusion revealed that the insertion occurred within the fliC (hag) gene of E. coli. This gene encodes flagellin, the filament subunit of the bacterial motility organ, and is under the control of several regulatory cascades. These results suggest that environmental metals may play a role in the regulation of the motility potential of E. coli and that this bioluminescent gene fusion clone (or derivatives thereof) may be used to prepare a biosensor for the rapid detection of metal contamination in water samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Guzzo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Abstract
The effect of acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) on platelet aggregation (PA) and thromboxane A2 (TxA2) formation was investigated in vitro and ex vivo after 1 g or 300 mg ASA administration to healthy subjects. 50-100 microM ASA inhibited PA by single aggregating agent such as platelet aggregating factor (PAF) or epinephrine and reduced to less than or equal to 5% of control platelet TxB2 formation, but did not influence PA by epinephrine plus PAF. The latter was inhibited by increasing ASA concentration. In samples incubated with 100 microM ASA and stimulated with epinephrine plus PAF, PA could be inhibited by the addition of 100-300 microM sodium salicylate. After 300 mg-1 g ASA administration to healthy subjects, the inhibition of PA by epinephrine plus PAF was more marked by highest doses of ASA. This study suggests that aspirin inhibits PA with a cyclooxygenase-independent mechanism; this effect is mediated, at least in vitro, by salicylic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Violi
- Institute of Clinical Medicine I, University of Rome La Sapienza, Policlinico Umberto I, Italy
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