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Kalantari N, Khoshgoftar M, Moradi F, Pirzadeh A. Evaluation of Pregnant Woman's Perception of COVID-19 Based on the Health Belief Model in Isfahan. Iran J Nurs Midwifery Res 2024; 29:68-72. [PMID: 38333344 PMCID: PMC10849291 DOI: 10.4103/ijnmr.ijnmr_337_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Background Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) is a viral disease that has become an international public health concern. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate pregnant women's perception of COVID-19 based on the health belief model in Isfahan. Materials and Methods This cross-sectional study includes 100 pregnant women selected by random sampling. Data were collected using an online questionnaire on the Porsline website. This questionnaire examines the knowledge and structures of the health belief model, including perceived susceptibility and severity, perceived barriers and benefits, and self-efficacy regarding the prevention of COVID-19. Data were analyzed using analytical tests such as independent t-test and Pearson's correlation coefficient. The significance level was considered to be <0.05. Results The results showed that the knowledge of COVID-19 and preventative methods was at a reasonable level among most women (77%). Also, there was a significant correlation between education and self-efficacy. Based on the findings, the mean score of knowledge (F1,99 = 0.116, p = 0.04) and the mean score of perceived susceptibility (F1,99 = 0.02, p < 0.001) of mothers who were pregnant for the first time were significantly higher than mothers who were pregnant for the second time or more. Conclusions The perceived severity and susceptibility scores were higher than other constructs, indicating women's proper understanding of the risks of COVID-19. However, half of them stated that they do not go to receive services, and this issue can have adverse consequences. The researchers recommend planning to improve other model constructs, such as self-efficacy, for improving women's performance in receiving care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narges Kalantari
- Department of Health Education and Promotion, Student Research Committee, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohadeseh Khoshgoftar
- Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, Student Research Committee, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Moradi
- Department of Community Nutrition, Student Research Committee, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Asiyeh Pirzadeh
- Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Ghobadi K, Eslami A, Pirzadeh A, Mazloomi SM, Hosseini F. Assessment of Questionnaire of Physical Activity at Workplace Based on the Social Cognitive Theory (PAWPQ-SCT): A Psychometric Study in Iranian Gas Refinery Workers. Saf Health Work 2023; 14:358-367. [PMID: 38187199 PMCID: PMC10770059 DOI: 10.1016/j.shaw.2023.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background This study aimed to develop and assess the psychometric features of the Physical Activity at Workplace Questionnaire (PAWPQ) based on the Social Cognitive Theory (SCT) to evaluate employees' physical activity (PA) behaviors at the workplace. Methods This psychometric cross-sectional study was conducted on 455 employees working in one of the gas refineries in Iran. The participants were selected using the proportional stratified sampling method in 2019. The data collection tools were a demographic information questionnaire, the short form of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), and a questionnaire developed based on the SCT, whose psychometric features were confirmed in terms of validity and reliability. Data were analyzed using SPSS22 and AMOS20 software. Results The first version of PAWPQ-SCT had 74 items. After evaluating content and face validity, nine items were removed. The results of the content validity index (0.98), content validity ratio (0.86), and impact score (3.62) were acceptable for the whole instrument. In exploratory factor analysis, after removing seven items-58-item final version of the scale-six factors could explain 73.54% of the total variance. The results of structural equation modeling showed the acceptable fit of the model into the data (RMSEA = 0.052, CFI = 0.917, NFI = 0.878, TLI = 0.905, IFI = 0.917, CMIN/DF = 2.818). Cronbach's alpha coefficient and Intraclass Correlation were 0.90 and 0.86, respectively. Conclusion This study confirmed that the psychometric features of the 58-item final version of PAWPQ-SCT constructs were acceptable in a sample of Iranian employees. This questionnaire can be used as a valid and reliable tool to evaluate Iranian employees' PA behaviors and develop effective educational interventions for workers and managers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamel Ghobadi
- Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - AhmadAli Eslami
- Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Asiyeh Pirzadeh
- Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Mazloomi
- Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Hosseini
- Department of Public Health, School of Health, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
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Pirzadeh A, Abotalebi Z. The effect of relaxation education intervention on stress, anxiety, and depression in female teachers during the COVID-19 pandemic. J Educ Health Promot 2023; 12:348. [PMID: 38144031 PMCID: PMC10743839 DOI: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_1546_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The high levels of job stress, anxiety, and depression among teachers, which affect their job and quality of life, necessitate using methods to cope with these issues. The present study aimed to determine the effect of relaxation education intervention on stress, anxiety, and depression in female teachers in 2020. MATERIALS AND METHODS This research is semi-experimental. Herein, 100 female teachers were studied. Data collection was performed using the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-42 items (DASS-42) questionnaire that was completed three times by the teachers: before the intervention, 10 days after the intervention, and 1 month following it. Relaxation education intervention was conducted online and offline based on the bioenergy economy model and by doing psychosomatic exercises. The data obtained from the questionnaire were analyzed by the independent t-test, paired t-test, and R. M. analysis of variance (ANOVA). RESULTS Before the intervention, there was no significant difference between the intervention and control groups in terms of stress (P = 0.385), anxiety (P = 0.168), and depression (P = 0.554) scores. The mean scores of stress, anxiety, and depression decreased significantly in the intervention group 10 days after the intervention; however, there was no significant change in the control group. The reduction in depression, stress, and anxiety remained constant in the intervention group during the 1-month follow-up. The results indicated that among the relaxation exercises, diaphragmatic breathing and meditation techniques were performed by the teachers for a longer period than other techniques. CONCLUSION Results obtained suggested teaching short-term relaxation techniques as highly recommended to all school teachers. These techniques include diaphragmatic breathing and meditation. They can reduce their stress, anxiety, and depression, improve their mental health, and empower them to control their tensions and negative emotions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asiyeh Pirzadeh
- Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Zahra Abotalebi
- Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Nazari A, Hoseinnia M, Pirzadeh A, Salahshouri A. The Correlation Among COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptance, the Ability to Detect Fake News, and e-Health Literacy. Health Lit Res Pract 2023; 7:e130-e138. [PMID: 37463291 PMCID: PMC10351963 DOI: 10.3928/24748307-20230621-01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has seen a rise in the spread of misleading and deceptive information, leading to a negative impact on the acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine and public opinion. To address this issue, the importance of public e-Health literacy cannot be overstated. It empowers individuals to effectively utilize information technology and combat the dissemination of inaccurate narratives. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the ability to identify disingenuous news, electronic health literacy, and the inclination to receive the COVID-19 immunization. METHODS In this descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study conducted during summer 2021 in Isfahan, Iran, 522 individuals older than age 18 years, seeking medical attention at health centers, were surveyed. The participants were selected through a meticulous multistage cluster sampling process from the pool of individuals referred to these health centers. Along with demographic information, data collection instruments included the standard e-Health literacy questionnaire and a researcher-developed questionnaire designed to identify misinformation. The collected questionnaires were entered into SPSS 24 for statistical analysis, which included the Kruskal-Wallis test, the Chi-square test, the Spearman test, and logistic regression models. KEY RESULTS The study findings revealed a statistically significant relationship between acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine and the ability to identify deceptive news. An increase of one unit in the score for recognizing misinformation led to a 24% and 32% reduction in vaccine hesitancy and the intention to remain unvaccinated, respectively. Furthermore, a significant correlation was found between the intention to receive the vaccine and e-Health literacy, where an increase of one unit in e-Health literacy score corresponded to a 6% decrease in the intention to remain unvaccinated. Additionally, the study found a notable association between the ability to detect false and misleading information and e-Health literacy. Each additional point in e-Health literacy was associated with a 0.33% increase in the capacity to identify fake news (Spearman's Rho = 0.333, p < .001). CONCLUSION The study outcomes demonstrate a positive correlation between the COVID-19 vaccine acceptance, the ability to identify counterfeit news, and proficiency in electronic health literacy. These findings provide a strong foundation for policymakers and health care practitioners to develop and implement strategies that counter the dissemination of spurious and deceitful information related to COVID-19 and COVID-19 immunization. [HLRP: Health Literacy Research and Practice. 2023;7(3):e130-e138.].
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Kiani N, Pirzadeh A. Mobile-application intervention on physical activity of pregnant women in Iran during the COVID-19 epidemic in 2020. J Educ Health Promot 2021; 10:328. [PMID: 34761014 PMCID: PMC8552263 DOI: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_56_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Considering the low level of physical activity in pregnant women in the COVID-19 pandemic period, and on the other hand, the benefits of mobile application (mobile app) learning, we decided to conduct a study to determine the impact of educational intervention based on mobile app on physical activity in pregnant women. MATERIALS AND METHODS The present study was quasi-experimental and examined 93 pregnant women aged 16-20 weeks of gestation. Sampling was done on pregnant women participating in the childbirth preparation classes in Isfahan. We used the validated and reliable questionnaire including perceived benefits, perceived barriers, perceived enjoyment, perceived social support, and Pregnancy Physical Activity Questionnaire. The intervention was based on mobile app, and the content of the application contained 12 main domains such as description of physical activity and benefits and barriers of exercise in the pregnancy, different types of proper pregnancy exercise, planning for exercise, and different types of exercise. Finally, data were analyzed using SPSS20, and the Chi-square test, independent t-test Paired t-test were employed. The significance level was considered to be <0.05. RESULTS The results showed that, after the intervention based on mobile app, the mean score of perceived benefits and enjoyment were significantly higher than before the intervention in the intervention group. Finally, total mean score of physical activity significantly increased in the intervention group, while the change decreased in the control group. CONCLUSION The results indicated that the use of mobile app can be used to promote physical activity in pregnant women. Therefore, it is recommended that mobile app education should apply with face-to-face classes in health centers for physical activity in pregnant women in the pandemic situation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neda Kiani
- Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Asiyeh Pirzadeh
- Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Pirzadeh A, Ansari S, Golshiri P. The effects of educational intervention on breast self-examination and mammography behavior: Application of an integrated model. J Educ Health Promot 2021; 10:196. [PMID: 34250130 PMCID: PMC8249975 DOI: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_1119_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer among women and it is the second leading cause of mortality among cancers in women and a major health issue in developed countries. Although there are simple and effective screening methods, just minority of women use them. Given the high prevalence of breast cancer in Isfahan women and the low prevalence of screening behavior, the present study aimed to determine the impact of theory-based educational intervention on breast self-examination (BSE) behavior and mammography. MATERIALS AND METHODS The present experimental study was conducted on 93 women referred to comprehensive health centers in Isfahan through convenience sampling, and by this way 46 women were included in the control group and 47 in the intervention group. Data collection was done by a valid and reliable questionnaire. Furthermore, educational interventions were performed for the intervention group in three sessions. Furthermore, the data were completed in the intervention group before, immediately after, and 3 months after intervention and before and 3 months after intervention in the control group. The data were analyzed by SPSS (16); and paired t-test and repeated measure test were used for analysis in the intervention group and also independent t-test and paired t-test were employed to analyze data of the control group. RESULTS The results showed significant changes in perceived benefit constructs (P = 0.023), knowledge (P < 0.001), self-efficacy (P < 0.001), and behavioral intention regarding BSE (P = 0.035) in the intervention group over time, but changes were not significant in both perceived susceptibility and severity in the intervention group. As far as mammography behavior is concerned, only the perceived benefit construct in the intervention group had significant changes. In terms of the screening behavior, only BSE behavior significantly changed before and after intervention. CONCLUSION The study showed that theory-based education by applying of constructs such as perceived benefits and self-efficacy and intention for BSE model could promote breast cancer screening behavior such as BSE. Therefore, it is suggested that health educators utilize educational texts based on these constructs to increase their influence on individuals via screening behavior for breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asiyeh Pirzadeh
- Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, Faculty of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Sakine Ansari
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Parastoo Golshiri
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Mostafavi F, Nasirian M, Zeinali M, Ardalan G, Mohebpour F, Daniali SS, Pirzadeh A, Kelishadi R. Evaluating Community-Based Programs in Promoting Traffic Behaviors and Safe Road Crossing Behaviors in Youth: An Application on Theory of Planned Behavior. Int J Prev Med 2021; 12:11. [PMID: 34084308 PMCID: PMC8106268 DOI: 10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_241_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Today, one of the most serious causes of mortality and disability among youth is the traffic accidents. Regarding its importance, this paper aimed to investigate the community-based program to promote the safe traffic behaviors among youth. METHODS This was a quasi-experimental conducted on 5000 youth in five Iranian cities named Lanjan, Gomishan, Fasa, Tehran, and Zahedan in 2015-2016. The questionnaire was based on the constructs of the theory of planned behavior as well as a questionnaire of pedestrian behavior and driving behavior, which was completed before and after the intervention. The educational intervention was carried out based on the theory of planned behavior. Finally, the obtained data were analyzed using STATA software. RESULTS Six months after the intervention, the mean score of the theory of planned behavior and safe driving behavior in different cities was significantly increased. Here, regarding the safe crossing of the street, the most behavioral changes were observed in Gomishan (P = 0.000), Fasa (P = 0.001), and Tehran (P < 0.0001). The mean score of driving behaviors in Gomishan (P < 0.000), Fasa (P = 0.016), Lanjan (P = 0.047), and Tehran (P < 0.0001) scores was significantly higher. CONCLUSIONS In most of the studied cities, it can be concluded that education based on the theory of planned behavior can improve the safe driving behaviors among youth. Therefore, it is recommended to be implemented this program in other cities using the theory of planned behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Firoozeh Mostafavi
- Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Maryam Nasirian
- Department of Mathematics and Epidemiology, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Manouchehr Zeinali
- Department of Population, Family and School Health, Deputy of Health, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Shahrake Gharb, Tehran, Iran
| | - Gelayol Ardalan
- Department of Population, Family and School Health, Deputy of Health, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Shahrake Gharb, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Mohebpour
- Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Seyede Shahrbanoo Daniali
- Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Asiyeh Pirzadeh
- Department of Mathematics and Epidemiology, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Roya Kelishadi
- Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Khoshgoftar M, Zamani-Alavijeh F, Kasaian N, Shahzamani K, Rostami S, Nakhodian Z, Pirzadeh A. The effect of public health educational campaign regarding antibiotic use and microbial resistance on knowledge, attitude, and practice in the Iran. J Educ Health Promot 2021; 10:3. [PMID: 33688512 PMCID: PMC7933621 DOI: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_629_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of the present study was to show the effect of public health educational campaign regarding antibiotic use and microbial resistance on knowledge, attitude, and practice of people in Isfahan. MATERIALS AND METHODS This quasi-experimental study was conducted in October 2019 on the public population in Isfahan (a city in the center of Iran). Simple random sampling was done in ten urban areas.). A total of 708 people participated in the study. For assessing the knowledge, attitude, and practice a related researchers-made questionnaire was used in the present study. Finally, data were entered into SPSS (20) and analytical statistics including paired t-test were used. The statistical significance level was considered <0.05. RESULTS The majority of participants in this study were female 434 (61.9%) and the rest of them were male. The mean ± standard deviation of age was 31.68 (11.11), range of 11-67. More than 50 present of participants had a Bachelor's degree (37.7%) and diploma (27.7%). Most individuals were self-employed 277 (43.1%). About the type of marriage, 54.89% were single and others were married. Results showed that the mean of knowledge and attitude was increased after the intervention (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Increase knowledge between people, adherence to treatment and minimizes healthcare costs, however, "antibiotics are misused so often because of the belief that these are benign drugs. In the absence of urgent corrective and protective actions, the world is heading towards a postantibiotic era, in which many common infections will no longer have a cure and once again, kill unabated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohadeseh Khoshgoftar
- Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Fereshteh Zamani-Alavijeh
- Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Nazila Kasaian
- Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Kiana Shahzamani
- Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Soodabeh Rostami
- Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Zari Nakhodian
- Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Asiyeh Pirzadeh
- Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Address for correspondence: Dr. Asiyeh Pirzadeh, Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. E-mail:
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Torkian S, Mostafavi F, Pirzadeh A. Effect of a mobile application intervention on knowledge, attitude and practice related to healthy marriage among youth in Iran. J Educ Health Promot 2020; 9:312. [PMID: 33426116 PMCID: PMC7774622 DOI: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_444_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mobile app education is one of the new educational models. Hence, the purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of mobile app intervention on knowledge, attitude, and practice of youth for a healthy marriage. MATERIALS AND METHODS This quasi-experimental study was conducted in 2019 on 88 young people who were selected by simple random sampling in premarital counseling center of Falavarjan city (Isfahan). Then, participants were randomly allocated to an intervention and a control group. Mobile application intervention was installed on the intervention group's mobiles. Data were collected by questionnaire in two times. Data were analyzed using paired t-test and independent t-test. RESULTS The mean (Standard deviation) of couples' age was 21.11 (5.06) years. The results showed that after the installation of educational consulting app in the intervention group, the mean score of knowledge (P = 0.001), attitude (P = 0.001), and practice (P = 0.001) after intervention were significantly higher than before the intervention. CONCLUSION Mobile-based educational and counseling app increases couples' knowledge, attitude, and practice in premarital education. Therefore, it is recommended that this type of education (mobile app) be used to promote premarriage education classes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahebjan Torkian
- Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Firoozeh Mostafavi
- Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Asiyeh Pirzadeh
- Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Pirzadeh A, Zamani F, Khoshali M, Kelishadi R. Web-based intervention on the promotion of physical activity among Iranian youth using the transtheoretical model. J Educ Health Promot 2020; 9:118. [PMID: 32642474 PMCID: PMC7325747 DOI: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_36_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sedentary habits may increase the noncommunicable disease risk factors, and few teens get enough physical activity. Therefore, the current study aimed to examine the effects of a web-based intervention on the promotion of physical activity among adolescents using the transtheoretical model (TTM). METHODS AND MATERIALS A quasi-experimental study was conducted on 278 high school students who were randomly allocated into one of the three groups: two web-based intervention groups. The intervention groups 1 and 2 received education through web (www.salamat.family), but the second group received educational strategies based on TTM. Five questionnaires were applied two times before the intervention and 6 months after the intervention. And, in the control group, the data were collected using stage of exercise behavior change questionnaire and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Student's t-test and two-way analysis of variance, and McNemar's test were applied to compare before and after the intervention. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS The mean differences for TTM constructs related to exercise behaviors (processes of change, self-efficacy, and decisional balance) in intervention groups 1 and 2 were very higher than the control group. Participants in intervention groups 1 and 2 who had low or moderate physical activity before the intervention were placed in high physical activity after it. CONCLUSION According to the obtained results, education on PA based on website effective, but if we use education based on TTM, it will be more useful on the behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asiyeh Pirzadeh
- Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Fereshteh Zamani
- Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mehri Khoshali
- Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Roya Kelishadi
- Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Ghasemi S, Pirzadeh A. Effectiveness of Educational Physical Activity Intervention for Preventive of Musculoskeletal Disorders in Bus Drivers. Int J Prev Med 2019; 10:132. [PMID: 31516673 PMCID: PMC6710914 DOI: 10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_339_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2018] [Accepted: 03/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Driving is a challenging job. Drivers always face the high risk of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). Educational interventions could be effective in preventing and controlling these disorders. The present study aims to assess the effectiveness of an educational physical activity intervention in preventing MSDs among bus drivers in Isfahan, Iran. Methods This quasi-experimental study was conducted on 60 urban bus drivers, who were selected using multistage sampling. They were evaluated at two time points, namely before and three months after the intervention. The intervention was conducted in three 90-minute sessions. The HBM-based educational content was delivered through lectures, PowerPoint presentations, videos, practical demonstrations of corrective exercises, and educational pamphlets. Data were analysed using the SPSS program, version 20, the paired t-test, and the independent t-test. Results Before the intervention, there was no significant difference between the two groups with respect to the mean scores of the HBM constructs. However, later on, the mean scores of perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, self-efficacy, and behaviour increased significantly in the intervention group, compared with those in the control group. (P < 0.001). Conclusions The results showed that the physical activity as an HBM-based educational intervention had a positive effect on the prevention of MSDs in urban bus drivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safiyeh Ghasemi
- Department of Environmental Manangment, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Iran
| | - Asiyeh Pirzadeh
- Department of Environmental Manangment, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Iran.,Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Chajaee F, Pirzadeh A, Hasanzadeh A, Mostafavi F. Relationship between health literacy and knowledge among patients with hypertension in Isfahan province, Iran. Electron Physician 2018; 10:6470-6477. [PMID: 29765571 PMCID: PMC5942567 DOI: 10.19082/6470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Hypertension is usually symptomless, and is not seriously attended until it causes some chronic complications. Individuals’ skills in understanding and applying information about health subjects may have a substantial impact on patients’ behavior and health. Objective to determine the relationship between health literacy and knowledge among patients with hypertension in Isfahan province, Iran. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted on 700 patients with hypertension selected according to multistage random and quota types in Isfahan province (Iran). Data collection tools included Health Literacy for Iranian Adults (HELIA) and Hypertension Knowledge Level Scale (HK-LS), which were completed by patients. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 23 using Pearson’s correlation, one way ANOVA, and Independent-samples t-test. The significance level was set at 0.05. Results The mean (SD) of participants’ age was 60.58±11.14 years. Results showed that the relationship between age and health literacy (r=−0.354, p<0.001) and knowledge (r=−0.129, p<0.001) was statistically significant. More than three quarters of participants (75.5%) are inadequate and partially adequate of health literacy. There was a significant correlation between the blood pressure knowledge and the mean score of health literacy (r=0.0407, p<0.001). Conclusion The present study confirmed that the majority of the patients with hypertension had inadequate health literacy and there was a significant correlation between the blood pressure knowledge and the mean score of health literacy. Therefore, adequate education should be provided in health centers to increase the health literacy and knowledge about hypertension in hypertensive people. So it is suggested that future studies will be conducted on the use of various educational media in hypertensive people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fateme Chajaee
- M.Sc. Student of Health Education and Promotion, Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Asiyeh Pirzadeh
- Ph.D. of Health Education and Promotion, Assistant Professor, Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Akbar Hasanzadeh
- M.Sc. of Mathematics, Instructor, Department of Mathematics and Epidemiology, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Firoozeh Mostafavi
- Ph.D. of Community Health, Associate Professor, Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Pirzadeh A, Mostafavi F, Ghofarnipour F, Mansourian M. The Application of the Transtheoretical Model to Identify Physical Activity Behavior in Women. Iran J Nurs Midwifery Res 2017; 22:299-302. [PMID: 28904543 PMCID: PMC5590360 DOI: 10.4103/1735-9066.212979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Background: The low level of physical activity is a risk factor behind several chronic diseases. Evidence shows the level of physical activity is decreasing, especially in women. This study aimed to apply the transtheoretical model to identify physical activity behavior in women who referred to health centers of Isfahan. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out among 400 women in Isfahan's health centers. Data were collected using a questionnaire including demographic factors, the standard of exercise behavior, stages-of-change questionnaire, processes of change, self-efficacy, and decisional balance. Data were analyzed with the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) (version 16). Descriptive statistics, the Mann–Whitney test, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), and Pearson correlation were used. Results: The mean (SD) of age was 31.46 (8.92); 81.5% of women were housewives and the others employees. The mean score of physical activity per day for women was 10.66 min. Ninety-six persons (24%) were classified in the pr-contemplation stage, 100 (33.3%) in the contemplation stage, 102 (25.5%) in the preparation stage, 29 (7.2%) in the action stage, and 40 (10%) in the maintenance stage. The results showed the stages of change significantly correlated with the decisional balance (P = 0.04), processes of change, and self-efficacy (P < 0.01). Conclusions: With regard to the low level of physical activity in women and the role of the stages-of-change model in determining effective factors behind behavior, there should be an attempt to develop continuous and organized educational programs to promote physical activity in women by using the transtheoretical model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asiyeh Pirzadeh
- Department of Health Education and Promotion, Faculty of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Firoozeh Mostafavi
- Department of Health Education and Promotion, Faculty of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Fazlollah Ghofarnipour
- Department of Health Education and Promotion, Faculty of Health, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marjan Mansourian
- Mathematics and Epidemiology, Faculty of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Mostafavi F, Chajaee F, Pirzadeh A, Hassanzadeh A. Relationship between health literacy and hypertension knowledge among women in Isfahan Province, Iran. Maturitas 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2017.03.225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Pirzadeh A, Mostafavi F. The effect of exercise on menopausal symptoms in postmenopausal women. Maturitas 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2017.03.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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16
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Pirzadeh A, Mostafavi F. The effect of intervention on physical activity among menopausal women based on Transtheoretical Model. Maturitas 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2017.03.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Today, many jobs are associated with the inactivity or sedentary lifestyle. Employees' health will be affected by their depriving of the benefits of physical activity (PA). Therefore, the present study was undertaken to determine the PA among employee women in Isfahan University of Medical Sciences based on the transtheoretical model. MATERIALS AND METHODS This is a cross-sectional study has been performed in Isfahan University of Medical Sciences employee women (2013). A convenience sample of 100 women was selected. Data were collected by validated and reliable questionnaire in three parts (demographics information, PA scale, and TTM constructs). Data were analyzed by SPSS SPSS (version 16.0; SPSS, IBM, Inc, Chicago, IL, USA) and descriptive and analytical statistics such as ANOVA and independent t-test were used. A two-tailed P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS The mean of PA was 21.17 ± 27.30 min in a day. Weekly heavy, moderate, and light exercise mean was 0.72 ± 1.81, 0.89 ± 1.87 and 0.57 ± 1.57 days, respectively. In this study, 26% of women were in contemplation, 22% in contemplation, 20% in preparation, 13% in action, and 19% in the maintenance stage. Furthermore, there were significant differences between consciousness raising, dramatic relief, counter-conditioning, stimulus control, helping relationships, reinforcement management, and self-liberation with stages of change constructs. CONCLUSION Because of a significant relationship between cognitive and behavioral processes and PA in this group, designing and implementing an educational program based on the transtheoretical model may be useful in promoting PA of a female employee.
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Affiliation(s)
- Firoozeh Mostafavi
- Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Asiyeh Pirzadeh
- Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Pirzadeh A, Mostafavi F, Ghofranipour F, Feizi A. Applying Transtheoretical Model to Promote Physical Activities Among Women. Iran J Psychiatry Behav Sci 2015; 9:e1580. [PMID: 26834796 PMCID: PMC4733300 DOI: 10.17795/ijpbs-1580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2014] [Revised: 03/07/2015] [Accepted: 05/04/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical activity is one of the most important indicators of health in communities but different studies conducted in the provinces of Iran showed that inactivity is prevalent, especially among women. OBJECTIVES Inadequate regular physical activities among women, the importance of education in promoting the physical activities, and lack of studies on the women using transtheoretical model, persuaded us to conduct this study with the aim of determining the application of transtheoretical model in promoting the physical activities among women of Isfahan. MATERIALS AND METHODS This research was a quasi-experimental study which was conducted on 141 women residing in Isfahan, Iran. They were randomly divided into case and control groups. In addition to the demographic information, their physical activities and the constructs of the transtheoretical model (stages of change, processes of change, decisional balance, and self-efficacy) were measured at 3 time points; preintervention, 3 months, and 6 months after intervention. Finally, the obtained data were analyzed through t test and repeated measures ANOVA test using SPSS version 16. RESULTS The results showed that education based on the transtheoretical model significantly increased physical activities in 2 aspects of intensive physical activities and walking, in the case group over the time. Also, a high percentage of people have shown progress during the stages of change, the mean of the constructs of processes of change, as well as pros and cons. On the whole, a significant difference was observed over the time in the case group (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS This study showed that interventions based on the transtheoretical model can promote the physical activity behavior among women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asiyeh Pirzadeh
- Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IR Iran
| | - Firoozeh Mostafavi
- Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IR Iran
| | - Fazllolah Ghofranipour
- Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Health, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Awat Feizi
- Department of Mathematics and Epidemiology, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IR Iran
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Mostafavi F, Ghofranipour F, Feizi A, Pirzadeh A. Improving physical activity and metabolic syndrome indicators in women: a transtheoretical model-based intervention. Int J Prev Med 2015; 6:28. [PMID: 25949778 PMCID: PMC4410444 DOI: 10.4103/2008-7802.154382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2014] [Accepted: 01/07/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed at investigating the impact of an educational intervention based on transtheoretical model to increase physical activity and improve metabolic syndrome indicators in women. METHODS In this quasi-experimental study, 142 women with metabolic syndrome were randomly assigned to the case and control group (each group 71 participants). SECQ (Marcus), processes of change (Marcus), decisional balance (Bandura) and self-efficacy (Nigg) questionnaires and International Physical Activities Standard Questionnaire in preintervention, 3 and 6 months after intervention were completed. Furthermore, abdominal obesity, triglycerides (TG), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) were measured. Physical activity intervention based on transtheoretical model (TTM) was performed in the case group. Finally, data were analyzed by SPSS (16) (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) and repeated measure ANOVA, independent t-test and Freidman was used. A two-tailed P value, lower than 0.05, was considered to be statistically significant. RESULTS After the intervention, physical activity level increased in the intervention group, and they also progressed in stages of change, but the people in the control group had regressed. All changes in TTM constructs were significant in the intervention group during the time and differences in pros and cons were not significant in the control group. Abdominal obesity and TG has significantly reduced, and HDL has increased in the intervention group. In the control group, there was a significant increase in TGs and a decrease in HDL. CONCLUSIONS Physical activity training based on TTM can improve physical activity and metabolic syndrome indicators in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Firoozeh Mostafavi
- Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Fazllolah Ghofranipour
- Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Health, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Awat Feizi
- Department of Mathematics and epidemiology, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Asiyeh Pirzadeh
- Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Correspondence to: Miss. Asiyeh Pirzadeh, Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. E-mail:
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Askari M, Darabi M, Zare Mahmudabadi R, Oboodiat M, Fayezi S, Mostakhdemin Hosseini Z, Pirzadeh A. Tissue fatty acid composition and secretory phospholipase-A2 activity in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Clin Transl Oncol 2014; 17:378-83. [PMID: 25351172 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-014-1242-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2014] [Accepted: 10/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a remarkable health problem worldwide, but its pathogenesis remains unknown. The aim of this study was to compare fat composition and secretory phospholipase-A2 (sPLA2) activity between the malignant and adjacent normal squamous tissues in patients with OSCC. METHODS Paired samples of malignant squamous and adjacent normal-appearing tissues were collected from 27 patients with OSCC. The fatty acid composition in the obtained tissues was determined by gas liquid chromatography. Tissue enzyme activities of sPLA2 were measured using the standard assay with Diheptanoyl Thio-Phosphatidylcholine as substrate. RESULTS In the OSCC tissue, the level of stearic acid (18:0) and activity of sPLA2 were higher (P < 0.001), and the levels of oleic acid (18:1n-9) and linoleic acid (18:2n-6) were lower than that in the adjacent normal-appearing squamous tissue (P < 0.001). The activity of sPLA2 in OSCC was strongly negatively correlated with the amount of 18:2n-6 (r = -0.41, P < 0.001). Negative significant associations were observed between the OSCC invasion and tissue levels of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHE). CONCLUSION The changes in the fatty acid composition and sPLA2 activity may be regarded as indicators of altered lipid metabolism occurring in vivo during squamous cell carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Askari
- Department of Maxillofacial Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, International Campus, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Pirzadeh A, Hazavei MM, Entezari MH, Hasanzadeh A. The effect of educational intervention on girl's behavior regarding nutrition: Applying the beliefs, attitudes, subjective norms, and enabling factors. J Educ Health Promot 2014; 3:79. [PMID: 25250345 PMCID: PMC4165120 DOI: 10.4103/2277-9531.139244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of an educational program based on the Belief, Attitude, Subjective Norm, and Enabling Factors (BASNEF) Model on the nutritional behavior among second-grade, middle school, female students in Isfahan city. MATERIALS AND METHODS This quasi-experimental study was performed on 72 students. The samples were randomly divided in two groups (36 in the intervention group and 36 in the control group). The data collection tools were validated and had reliable questionnaires. For the intervention group, a 75-minute educational session was held thrice. The control group had no education. The BASNEF model constructs guided the development of the questionnaires and content of the educational sessions. The independent t-test and paired t-test were used to analyze the data. A two-tailed P value lower than 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. RESULT According to the results, the mean scores of knowledge and model variables (Belief, Attitude, Subjective Norm, and Enabling Factors) had a significant difference in the two groups after intervention (P < 0.001). On the basis of the findings, after educational intervention, 36.1% of the students had unfavorable nutritional behavior. In the control group, 88.9% of the students had unfavorable nutritional behavior, before and one month after intervention. CONCLUSION The present study showed that nutrition education intervention based on the BASNEF model could promote the nutritional behavior in girl students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asiyeh Pirzadeh
- Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mehdi Hazavei
- Health Sciences Research Center, School of Health, Hamedan University of Medical Sciences, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hassan Entezari
- Food Security Research Center, Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Akbar Hasanzadeh
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Pirzadeh A, Mostafavi F. Self-medication among students in Isfahan University of Medical Sciences based on Health Belief Model. J Educ Health Promot 2014; 3:112. [PMID: 25540785 PMCID: PMC4275614 DOI: 10.4103/2277-9531.145904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of self-medication is high all over the world, especially in Iran. But there is a paucity of studies to explore self-medication activities among the university students. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to determine the self-medication among student in Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, based on Health Belief Model (HBM). MATERIALS AND METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted in 197 medical students of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences who were randomly chosen by a stratified random sampling method in 2009. The data were collected using a validated and reliable questionnaire based on HBM. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software (ver. 16). Descriptive and analytical statistics (independent t-test and test) were used. A two-tailed P value lower than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS The mean and standard deviation of participants' age was 22.00 ± 2.77 years. 67.3% of the sample consisted of females. The mean scores of knowledge, perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefits, and perceived barrier were 80.36 ± 18.29, 40.92 ± 13.89, 61.48 ± 19.03, 59.11 ± 18.46, and 30.36 ± 12.40, respectively. According to the results, 84.98% of students had experienced self-medication at least for one disease during the past 6 months. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of self-medication in medical students is high and we can consider it as a health problem. So, we need educational interventions for the students, using HBM constructs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asiyeh Pirzadeh
- Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Address for correspondence: Miss. Asiyeh Pirzadeh, Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. E-mail:
| | - Firoozeh Mostafavi
- Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Quality gap is the gap between client's understanding and expectations. The first step in removing this gap is to recognize client's understanding and expectations of the services. This study aimed to determine women's viewpoint of quality gap in primary health care centers of Isfahan. MATERIALS AND METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted on women who came to primary health care centers in Isfahan city. Sample size was 1280 people. Service Quality was used to collect data including tangible dimensions, confidence, responsiveness, assurance and sympathy in providing services. Data were analyzed by t test and chi square test. RESULTS The results showed that women had controversy over all 5 dimensions. The least mean quality gap was seen in assurance (-11.08) and the highest mean quality gap was seen in tangible dimension (-14.41). The difference between women's viewpoint in all 5 dimensions was significant. (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Negative difference means clients' expectations are much higher than their understanding of the current situation, so there is a large space to improve services and satisfy clients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gholam R. Sharifirad
- Department of Health Education, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohsen Shamsi
- Department of Public Health, School of Health, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Asiyeh Pirzadeh
- Department of Health Education, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Parvin D. Farzanegan
- Department of Health Education, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION The role of individual healthy behaviors like physical activity, nutrition and stress management on reduction of rate of disease mortality and morbidity is well known. The aim of this study is to determine healthy life style in teachers employed in district No.4 in Isfahan, Iran, in 2010. MATERIALS AND METHODS The participants of this cross-sectional study were 96 teachers in district No. 4, selected via random sampling method. The data collection was performed using a questionnaire including demographic healthy lifestyle questions. Analysis of the data was performed through Software SPSS version 18. RESULTS The mean age of the subjects was 40.26 ± 6.05 years and, BMI mean was 25.08 ± 3.20. 96.8% of them were married and 3.1% also were single. 1% of the teachers had a weak lifestyle, 13.5%had moderate, 85.4% had a good lifestyle. In terms of nutrition, 2% of the teachers had a weak lifestyle, 23% moderate, 74% good. 76% in terms of physical activity, 29.2% smoking and 21.9% stress had a weak lifestyle. CONCLUSION According to the results, planning for teachers in school for receiving information about healthy lifestyle is important.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asiyeh Pirzadeh
- Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Sharifirad
- Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Aziz Kamran
- Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Pirzadeh A, Mirkarimi K, Kamran A, Fathian Z. Exploring practice of Isfahan University of Medical Science students regarding using ecstasy based on health belief model in 2011. J Educ Health Promot 2012; 1:32. [PMID: 23555135 PMCID: PMC3577379 DOI: 10.4103/2277-9531.100162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Ecstasy consumption has increased 70% worldwide, and its use is currently outweighed heroin and cocaine. Conducted survey found that students more than other groups used ecstasy pills. Ecstasy usage has recently augmented in students. Therefore, this study aims to determine practice of Isfahan University of Medical Science students about using ecstasy based on health belief model in 2011. MATERIALS AND METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted on 267 students of Isfahan University of Medical Science. Data were collected by a validated and reliable questionnaire in 3 parts (demographic information, H.B.M constructs, and practice). To analyze, SPSS software (ver.18) and statistical test including T-Test and Kruskal-Wallis were used. RESULTS The mean score of age was 20.95 ± 1.61 years, and 39.3% of men and 90.6% of women were single. 2.2% of students have used ecstasy pills. The mean score of H.B.M constructs was perceived susceptibility (72.75 ± 19.68), perceived severity (84.58 ± 16.98), and perceived benefits (80.43 ± 23.49). The finding presented that there was significant differences between the using ecstasy and perceived severity and perceived benefits (P ≤ 0.001), but there was no significant statistical relationship between the using ecstasy and perceived susceptibility and perceived barriers (P = 0.076, P = 0.554). In terms of cues to action, students suggested that radio and TV are most significance cues. CONCLUSION According to results, to prevent ecstasy usage among Isfahan University of Medical Science students based on health belief model, we should improve perceived susceptibility. Besides, radio and TV rules as the most important cues should not also be denied. Moreover, newly identified susceptibility indicates the need for quantitative research and behavioral trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asiyeh Pirzadeh
- Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Kamal Mirkarimi
- Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Aziz Kamran
- Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Zohre Fathian
- Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Pirzadeh A, Mazaheri MA. The Effect of Education on Women's Practice Based on the Health Belief Model About Pap Smear Test. Int J Prev Med 2012; 3:585-90. [PMID: 22973490 PMCID: PMC3429807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2012] [Accepted: 04/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cervical cancer is the most common gynecological cancer in Iran. The single most effective tool in reducing death due to cervical cancer is the use of pap smear as a screening tool. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of education based on Health Belief Model about giving pap smear in women. METHODS This quasi-experimental study was performed on 70 women who referred to two health center in Kouhdasht (Lorestan- Iran). The samples were randomly divided in two groups (35 in intervention group and 35 in control group). The data were collected by a validated and reliable questionnaire. Interventions were run based on Health Belief Model during three sessions only for intervention group. Each educational session was for 45-60 min. The independent t-test and paired t-test were used to analyze data. A two-tailed P value lower than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULT According to results, the mean scores of knowledge were significantly different between two groups after intervention (P < 0.001). The mean scores of the model variables (perceived susceptibility and severity, perceived benefits, and barriers) had no significant difference in the two groups before intervention, but after intervention had significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION Designing and executing health education programs based on health belief model can promote the practice of women regarding to pap smear tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asiyeh Pirzadeh
- Department of Health Education & Health Promotion, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran,Correspondence to: Miss Asiyeh Pirzadeh, Department of Health Education & Health Promotion, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. E-mail:
| | - Maryam Amidi Mazaheri
- Department of Health Education & Health Promotion, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Sharifirad G, Baghianimoghadam MH, Pirzadeh A, Oruji MA, Ehramoush MH, Baghianimoghadam B. Comparison of environmental health status in primary schools in different districts of Isfahan city in 2008-2009. J Prev Med Hyg 2011; 52:83-88. [PMID: 21842710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Students spend at least 20% of their time in schools. Training, educating and the personality of these students depends on appropriate educational methods, proper physical space, and also favorable mental environment. Students are considered as a major human resources of any society and dealing with their health and promoting educational environment health is in fact a kind of investment for future. In this study we examined the status of environmental health status in primary school of different districts of Isfahan. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study was a descriptive-analytical study. The number of studied samples was 77 schools in Isfahan which were selected by regular randomized method The tool used to gather data was a environmental health inquiry form for school environments, and consisted of two parts: the first part included common school specifications and the second part involved items dealing with desirability of various parts of schools.The above forms were filled out in 3 months by specialists in public health, evaluating the schools and interviewing the principals. Then, they were analyzed and a comparison was made between the results from various districts. RESULTS 76.6% of schools complied with the standards and 80.5% of classrooms were in desired conditions. Regarding the standards for building and classrooms, there was no significant difference between various districts. Hygiene services (water closets and basin) and drinking water were at desired level and there was no significant difference between various districts in this regard, however the district 1 was in undesired condition. Regarding collecting and disposing of rubbishes and trashes, 79% of schools were in desired condition and 49% of them had hygienic tuck-shops according to standards, but there was no significant difference between various districts. CONCLUSION The study showed that the status of environment health is at desired level in primary schools in Isfahan, but the health of tuck-shops should improve in schools and it needs more attention and interest from authorities of Ministry of Education and Ministry of Health and dedicating proper budgets to solve their health problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Sharifirad
- Department of Health Services, Faculty of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Sharifirad G, Pirzadeh A, Azadbakht L. Knowledge and practice in association with self-medication of nutrient supplements, herbal and chemical pills among women based on Health Belief Model. J Res Med Sci 2011; 16:852-3. [PMID: 22091318 PMCID: PMC3214407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2011] [Accepted: 06/13/2011] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gholamreza Sharifirad
- Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, School of Public Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Asiyeh Pirzadeh
- Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, School of Public Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Leila Azadbakht
- Food Security Research Center and Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran., Corresponding Author: Leila Azadbakht E-mail:
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Pirzadeh A, Mammen A, Kubin J, Reade E, Liu H, Mendoza A, Greeley WJ, Wilson DF, Pastuszko A. Early regional response of apoptotic activity in newborn piglet brain following hypoxia and ischemia. Neurochem Res 2010; 36:83-92. [PMID: 20872244 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-010-0267-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/08/2010] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Responses of selected neuroregulatory proteins that promote (Caspase 3 and Bax) or inhibit (Bcl-2, high Bcl-2/Bax ratio) apoptotic cell death were measured in the brain of piglets subjected to precisely controlled hypoxic and ischemic insults: 1 h hypoxia (decreasing FiO₂ from 21 to 6%) or ischemia (ligation of carotid arteries and hemorrhage), followed by 0, 2 and 4 h recovery with 21% FiO₂. Protein expression was measured in cortex, hippocampus and striatum by Western blot. There were no significant differences in expression of Caspase-3 between sham operated, hypoxic and ischemic groups. There were significant regional differences in expression of Bcl-2 and Bax in response to hypoxia and ischemia. The changes in Bcl-2/Bax ratio were similar for hypoxia and ischemia except for striatum at zero time recovery, with ischemia giving lower ratios than hypoxia. The Bcl-2/Bax ratio was also lower for the striatum than for the other regions of the brain, suggesting this region is the more susceptible to apoptotic injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Pirzadeh
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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