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Lin CY, Chang CH, Chang CJ, Ko JY, Wu SY, Kuo PH. Salvage therapy for refractory sudden sensorineural hearing loss (RSSNHL): a systematic review and network meta-analysis. Int J Audiol 2024:1-10. [PMID: 38251843 DOI: 10.1080/14992027.2024.2303037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Approximately 30-50% of sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) patients show poor response to systemic steroid therapy. Additionally, the most appropriate treatment for patients with refractory sudden sensorineural hearing loss (RSSNHL) is unknown. This study aimed to explore the best treatment for RSSNHL. DESIGN Using a frequentist contrast-based model and PRISMA guidelines, this study compared five salvage regimes: intratympanic injection of steroids (ITS), hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapy, post auricle steroid injection (PSI), ITS combined with HBO therapy, and continued systemic steroids. STUDY SAMPLE We searched the PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases for randomised controlled trials and cohort studies comparing treatment regimens for RSSNHL. RESULTS Compared with the control group (no additional treatment), PSI and ITS demonstrated significant improvements. The mean hearing gain was greater after PSI (11.1 dB [95% CI, 4.4-17.9]) than after ITS (7.7 dB [95% CI, 4.8-10.7]). When a restricted definition of RSSNHL was used, the ITS + HBO therapy showed the largest difference in improvement for pure tone average compared with the control group (14.5 dB [95% CI, 4.2-25.0]). CONCLUSIONS The administration of either PSI or ITS leads to the greatest therapeutic effect in patients with RSSNHL. However, a consensus on the definition of RSSNHL is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan-Yi Lin
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Lo-Hsu Medical Foundation, Lotung Poh-Ai Hospital, Yilan, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hao Chang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Lo-Hsu Medical Foundation, Lotung Poh-Ai Hospital, Yilan, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Jung Chang
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jenq-Yuh Ko
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Lo-Hsu Medical Foundation, Lotung Poh-Ai Hospital, Yilan, Taiwan
- Department of Otolaryngology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Szu-Yuan Wu
- Department of Food Nutrition and Health Biotechnology, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Big Data Center, Lo-Hsu Medical Foundation, Lotung Poh-Ai Hospital, Yilan, Taiwan
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Lo-Hsu Medical Foundation, Lotung Poh-Ai Hospital, Yilan, Taiwan
- Department of Healthcare Administration, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Business Administration, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Centers for Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Hsiu Kuo
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Public Health and Institute of Health Behaviors and Community Sciences, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Psychiatric Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Wang SC, Wang JCY, Chang CJ, Yuan K. Interdisciplinary treatment with implant-supported two-unit cantilever prosthesis for a patient with hypodontia: A clinical report. J Prosthet Dent 2021; 129:676-680. [PMID: 34489088 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2021.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
A 21-year-old woman with multiple congenitally missing maxillary anterior teeth received interdisciplinary treatment to restore function and esthetics. The treatment was initiated with orthodontic treatment, followed by implant placement, bone and soft-tissue augmentation, and prosthetic treatment including a screw-retained implant-supported 2-unit cantilever fixed dental prosthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Chun Wang
- Attending Physician, Division of Prosthodontics, Department of Stomatology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Jessica Chia-Yi Wang
- Resident, Department of Stomatology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chen-Jung Chang
- Lecturer and Attending Physician, Division of Orthodontics, Department of Stomatology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Kuo Yuan
- Attending Physician, Division of Periodontics, Department of Stomatology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC
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Hung YC, Tang EK, Wu YJ, Chang CJ, Wu FZ. Impact of low-dose computed tomography for lung cancer screening on lung cancer surgical volume: The urgent need in health workforce education and training. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e26901. [PMID: 34397918 PMCID: PMC8360459 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000026901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the time trend variation in the surgical volume and prognostic outcome of patients with lung cancer after the gradual prolonged implementation of a low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) lung cancer screening program.Using the hospital-based cancer registry data on number of patients with lung cancer and deaths from 2008 to 2017, we conducted a retrospective study using a hospital-based cohort to investigate the relationship between changes in lung cancer surgical volume, the proportion of lung-sparing surgery, and prolonged prognostic outcomes after the gradual implementation of the LDCT lung cancer screening program in recent years.From 2008 to 2017, 3251 patients were diagnosed with lung cancer according to the hospital-based cancer registry. The 5-year mortality rate decreased gradually from 83.54% to 69.44% between 2008 and 2017. The volume of total lung cancer surgical procedures and proportion of lung-sparing surgery performed gradually increased significantly from 2008 to 2017, especially from 2014 to 2017 after implementation of a large volume of LDCT lung cancer screening examinations. In conclusion, our real-world data suggest that there will be an increase in cases of operable early-stage lung cancers, which in turn will increase the surgical volume and proportion of lung-sparing surgery, after the gradual implementation of the LDCT lung cancer screening program in recent years. These findings suggest the importance of a successful national policy regarding LDCT screening programs, regulation of shortage of thoracic surgeons, thoracic radiologist workforce training positions, and education programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Chi Hung
- Laboratory of Tissue-Engineering, Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiology, Shu-Zen Junior College of Medicine and Management, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - En-Kuei Tang
- Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Ju Wu
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Radiology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Jung Chang
- Laboratory of Tissue-Engineering, Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Zong Wu
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiology, Shu-Zen Junior College of Medicine and Management, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Radiology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Chang CJ, Lin WC, Chen MY, Chang HC. Evaluation of total bone and cortical bone thickness of the palate for temporary anchorage device insertion. J Dent Sci 2021; 16:636-642. [PMID: 33854713 PMCID: PMC8025190 DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2020.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE The palate has become a popular site for the placement of temporary anchorage devices (TADs) owing to its bone quantity and quality. This study aimed to investigate total and cortical bone thicknesses in the whole palate as well as palatal width using a standard grid system and cone-bean computed tomography (CBCT) images. MATERIALS AND METHODS The CBCT images of 43 samples were selected. The total bone and cortical bone thicknesses of the palate were surveyed on 64 points per patient. The palatal width was measured. The difference between the age and sex groups was analyzed. RESULTS The total palatal bone thickness in the adult group ranged from 9.85 ± 2.04 to 1.87 ± 0.79 mm. In the adolescent group, we found one-third of the incisor roots in the area 3 mm distal to the incisive foramen and 8 mm lateral to the mid-palatal suture. The cortical bone thickness in adults was significantly thicker in the posterior paramedian area than that in adolescents. CONCLUSION The thickest vertical bone is located in the zone 3 mm distal to the incisive foramen and 4-8 mm lateral to the midpalate. The zone 6 mm posterior to the incisive foramen and 2-8 mm lateral to the midpalate exhibited optimal thickness and was away from the incisor roots. This region could be a safe zone for adolescent patients to place TADs. When TADs are to be inserted at the posterior palate, the 2-mm paramedian area should be the first region of choice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Jung Chang
- Department of Stomatology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Cheng Lin
- Department of Stomatology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Yen Chen
- Department of Stomatology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Chih Chang
- Medical Device Innovation Center, Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Chi Hung
- Department of Radiology, Section of Thoracic and Circulation Imaging, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Laboratory of Tissue-Engineering, Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Technology, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Imaging and Radiology, Shu-Zen Junior College of Medicine and Management, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Jung Chang
- Laboratory of Tissue-Engineering, Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Technology, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wu Fu-Zong
- Department of Radiology, Section of Thoracic and Circulation Imaging, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Huang TT, Cheng KH, Chang CJ, Chen KC, Liu JK, Wong TY. Transoral vertical ramus osteotomy fixed with Kirschner pins. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2018; 56:841-846. [PMID: 30293802 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2018.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Transoral vertical ramus osteotomy (VRO) has been condemned because the condyle has the potential to sag, and because it needs lengthy maxillomandibular fixation. We have therefore introduced a simple method of fixation, and examined its effectiveness and complications. After the osteotomy, the proximal and distal segments are trimmed to adapt to each other. Four Kirschner (K) pins 0.9mm in diameter are inserted percutaneously from the proximal to the distal segment while the condyle is positioned in the glenoid fossa. This is followed by a brief period of maxillomandibular fixation. We have reviewed the records of 95 patients who had unilateral or bilateral vertical ramus osteotomy fixed with K pins, after which the mean (SD) period of fixation was 19 (11) days. Fixation failed in two patients because excursion of the jaw was either too heavy or too early. The fixations were redone. All other fixations remained stable, including the 20 dual-jaw procedures in which VRO preceded maxillary osteotomy. The mean (SD) maximal mouth opening at final follow-up was 44 (7) mm, and in only one patient was it less than 30mm. Numbness of the lip or chin developed in seven patients, five of whom had other anterior mandibular procedures. Four patients had discomfort on palpation of the site of the pins, and one required removal. The new method was effective, and resulted in few complications within its limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- T T Huang
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Institute of Oral Medicine and Department of Stomatology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
| | - K H Cheng
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Institute of Oral Medicine and Department of Stomatology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
| | - C J Chang
- Division of Orthodontics, Institute of Oral Medicine and Department of Stomatology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
| | - K C Chen
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Institute of Oral Medicine and Department of Stomatology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
| | - J K Liu
- Division of Orthodontics, Institute of Oral Medicine and Department of Stomatology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
| | - T Y Wong
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Institute of Oral Medicine and Department of Stomatology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
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Huang TT, Chang CJ, Chen KC, Lo JB, Chen MY, Huang JS. Outcome Analysis and Unexpected-Scenario Prediction in 2-Stage Orthodontic Lower Third Molar Extraction. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2018; 76:503.e1-503.e8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2017.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Revised: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Pong YH, Chang CJ, Tsai VFS, Tsai DC, Tsai JH, Lee IC, Huang PL. Genital Tuberculosis Presenting as Acute Scrotum Mimicking Fournier's Gangrene. HONG KONG J EMERG ME 2017. [DOI: 10.1177/102490791302000509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Genital tuberculosis usually presents as local symptoms such as lower abdominal pain and a sensation of scrotal bloating. We report a rare case of genital tuberculosis in a 46-year-old man presenting with symptoms that mimic Fournier's gangrene. He had a progressive local symptoms of scrotal tenderness, redness, swelling, and local rise in temperature. The patient underwent emergency open debridement, and pathology confirmed tuberculosis infection. Recovery was uneventful after 6 months of anti-tuberculosis drug treatment. Literature of genital tuberculosis is also reviewed.
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Chang CJ, Gu J, Robertsen B. Protective effect and antibody response of DNA vaccine against salmonid alphavirus 3 (SAV3) in Atlantic salmon. J Fish Dis 2017; 40:1775-1781. [PMID: 28493514 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.12644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2017] [Revised: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
This work reports the effect of two DNA vaccines against salmonid alphavirus 3 (SAV3) in Atlantic salmon. Presmolts were vaccinated by intramuscular injection of plasmids encoding the SAV3 structural polyprotein C-E3-E2-6K-E2 (pCSP), E2 only (pE2), or plasmid without insert (pcDNA3.3). E2 is expressed at the surface of cells transfected with pCSP and internally in cells transfected with pE2. A commercial vaccine based on inactivated SAV (NCPD) was used for comparison. At 10 weeks post-vaccination, only fish vaccinated with pCSP showed antibody against E2 and virus-neutralizing activity. Vaccinated fish were infected with SAV3 to determine protection by virus quantitation in serum after 7 days and scoring of pathological changes after 21 days. Fish vaccinated with both pCSP and NCPD vaccines showed significant virus reduction in serum, while fish vaccinated with pE2 did not. All fish vaccinated with pcDNA3.3 and pE2 showed pathological changes in organs typical of PD, 60% of fish vaccinated with NCPD showed PD pathology, while fish vaccinated with pCSP did not show PD pathology. Taken together, DNA vaccination with pCSP provided strong protection for salmon against SAV3 infection, which in part may be due to production of virus-neutralizing antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- C J Chang
- Norwegian College of Fishery Science, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - J Gu
- Norwegian Veterinary Institute, Trondheim, Norway
| | - B Robertsen
- Norwegian College of Fishery Science, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
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Chang CY, Li JR, Ou YC, Lin SY, Wang YY, Chen WY, Hu YH, Lai CY, Chang CJ, Chen CJ. Interplay of inflammatory gene expression in pericytes following Japanese encephalitis virus infection. Brain Behav Immun 2017; 66:230-243. [PMID: 28690034 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2017.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Revised: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroinflammation is a pathological hallmark and has been implicated in the pathogenesis of Japanese encephalitis. Although brain pericytes show regulatory effects on neuroinflammation, their involvement in Japanese encephalitis-associated neuroinflammation is not understood. Here, we demonstrated that brain microvascular pericytes could be an alternative cellular source for the induction and/or amplification of neuroinflammation caused by Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) infection. Infection of cultured pericytes with JEV caused profound production of IL-6, RANTES, and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). Mechanistic studies revealed that JEV infection elicited an elevation of the toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7)/MyD88 signaling axis, leading to the activation of NF-κB through IKK signaling and p65 phosphorylation as well as cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) via phosphorylation. We further demonstrated that extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) could be an alternative regulator in transducing signals to NF-κB, CREB, and cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2) through the phosphorylation mechanism. Released IL-6 and RANTES played an active role in the disruption of endothelial barrier integrity and leukocyte chemotaxis, respectively. cPLA2/PGE2 had a role in activating NF-κB and CREB DNA-binding activities and inflammatory cytokine transcription via the EP2/cAMP/PKA mechanism in an autocrine loop. These inflammatory responses and biochemical events were also detected in the brain of JEV-infected mice. The current findings suggest that pericytes might have pathological relevance in Japanese encephalitis-associated neuroinflammation through a TLR7-related mechanism. The consequences of pericyte activation are their ability to initiate and/or amplify inflammatory cytokine expression by which cellular function of endothelial cells and leukocytes are regulated in favor of CNS infiltration by leukocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Yi Chang
- Department of Surgery, Feng Yuan Hospital, Taichung City 420, Taiwan
| | - Jian-Ri Li
- Division of Urology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung City 407, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Chuan Ou
- Division of Urology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung City 407, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung City 407, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Yi Lin
- Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung City 407, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Yu Wang
- Division of Family Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung City 407, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Ying Chen
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung City 402, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hui Hu
- Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung City 407, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Yi Lai
- Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung City 407, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Jung Chang
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung City 406, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Jung Chen
- Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung City 407, Taiwan; Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, China Medical University, Taichung City 404, Taiwan.
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Huang PH, Shih BF, Tsai YF, Chung PCH, Liu FC, Yu HP, Lee WC, Chang CJ, Lin CC. Accuracy and Trending of Continuous Noninvasive Hemoglobin Monitoring in Patients Undergoing Liver Transplantation. Transplant Proc 2017; 48:1067-70. [PMID: 27320558 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2015.12.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2015] [Accepted: 12/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Shift in large fluid volumes and massive blood loss during liver transplantation frequently leads to rapid changes in hemoglobin (Hb) concentration; thus, to ensure adequate tissue oxygenation, accurate and rapid determination of Hb concentration is essential in transplant recipients. The Radical-7 Pulse CO-Oximeter provides a noninvasive and continuous way to monitor Hb concentration (SpHb) in real time and is an ideal candidate for use during liver transplantation. In this study, we assessed the relationship between SpHb and total Hb (tHb) obtained from arterial blood samples during surgery. METHODS Forty patients undergoing liver transplantation were enrolled in this study. tHb and time-matched SpHb were measured at 5 different phases throughout surgery. Paired SpHb and tHb levels were assessed using linear regression, Bland-Altman analysis, and the Critchley polar plot method. RESULTS A total of 161 paired measurements with sufficient signal quality were analyzed. The correlation between SpHb and tHb was 0.59 (P < .001). Bland-Altman analysis revealed that a bias between SpHb and tHb was 2.28 g/dL, and limits of agreement (LoA) were from -0.78 to 5.34 g/dL. Trending analysis showed that 87% of data were located within the acceptable trending area, indicating that the trending ability was not satisfied. CONCLUSIONS The Radical-7 Pulse CO-Oximeter was not sufficient to monitor Hb levels and trends during liver transplantation surgery in our cohort. In particular, in critical patients and in those with low Hb levels, invasive Hb measurement should be used for assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- P H Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Guishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - B F Shih
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Guishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Y-F Tsai
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Guishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan; College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Guishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - P C H Chung
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Guishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan; College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Guishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - F C Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Guishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan; College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Guishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - H P Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Guishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan; College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Guishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - W C Lee
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Guishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of General Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Guishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - C J Chang
- Clinical Informatics and Medical Statistics Research Center, Chang Gung University, Guishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Biostatistical Center for Clinical Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Guishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - C C Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Guishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan; College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Guishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
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Sun JM, Chen YH, Chang CJ, Hsieh CT. Beware Neck Pain in a Haemodialysis Patient: Spontaneous Spinal Epidural Haematoma. HONG KONG J EMERG ME 2017. [DOI: 10.1177/102490791702400108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Spontaneous spinal epidural haematoma is a rare and devastating disorder. To the best of our knowledge, only 4 haemodialysis patients with the diagnosis of spontaneous spinal epidural haematoma have been reported in the literature. Here, we reported a 70-year-old male haemodialysis patient who presented with a sudden onset of severe sharp neck pain. Spontaneous spinal epidural haematoma with cord compression from C2 to C6 was diagnosed by magnetic resonance imaging. After emergency surgery, the patient recovered completely from the profound neurological deficits. The relevant literatures were also reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- JM Sun
- Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Section of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Chia-Yi; and Min-Hwei Junior College of Health Care Management, Taiwan
| | - YH Chen
- Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Section of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Chia-Yi; and Min-Hwei Junior College of Health Care Management, Taiwan
| | - CJ Chang
- Sijhih Cathay General Hospital, Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery; and Fu Jen Catholic University, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - CT Hsieh
- Sijhih Cathay General Hospital, Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery; and Fu Jen Catholic University, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, New Taipei City, Taiwan
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Hsu SH, Chang CJ, Tang CM, Lin FT. In Vitro and In Vivo Effects of Ginkgo biloba Extract EGb 761 on Seeded Schwann Cells within Poly(DL-lactic acid-co-glycolic acid) Conduits for Peripheral Nerve Regeneration. J Biomater Appl 2016; 19:163-82. [PMID: 15381788 DOI: 10.1177/0885328204045580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of Ginkgo biloba (EGb 761) extract on seeded Schwann cells within poly(DL-lactic acid-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) conduits by in vitro and in vivo trials for peripheral nerve regeneration. The seeding efficiency of Schwann cells in serum-deprived culture medium, which simulated the environment of mechanical trauma on an injured nerve site, was improved by adding different dosages of EGb 761 (0, 1, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200 mg/mL). The analytical results showed enhanced cell attachment and survival, reduced LDH release and increased MTT values, particularly in the range 10-100 mg/mL. The PLGA nerve conduits seeded with Schwann cells (6 103 cells) and filled with gelatin containing EGb 761 (0, 10, 50, 100 mg/mL) were implanted to 10-mm right sciatic nerve defects in rats. Autograft was performed as another control. Electromyography was assessed based on the motor unit action potential (MUAP) and fibrillation potential (Fib) at 2, 4, and 6 weeks during all periods. The specimens of the experimental and control groups were harvested for histological analysis at 6 weeks after surgery. The Fib was found to gradually decay, and the MUAP was found not to be present until 4 weeks after surgery. Meanwhile, the experimental groups were all statically better than the control group (without EGb 761) and autografts were observed at 6 weeks, especially at the concentration of 10 mg/mL, where there was higher amplitude of MUAP and a significantly larger number of myelinated axons. This study concluded that a proper concentration of EGb 761 (10-50 mg/mL) promoted seeding efficiency of Schwann cells in a tissue-engineered PLGA conduit. Addition of EGb 761 in Schwann cells-seeded conduit could increase the total number of myelinated axons in nerve regeneration and improve peripheral nerve functional recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan-Hui Hsu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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Chien LN, Huang YJ, Shao YHJ, Chang CJ, Chuang MT, Chiou HY, Yen Y. Proton pump inhibitors and risk of periampullary cancers--A nested case-control study. Int J Cancer 2015; 138:1401-9. [PMID: 26488896 PMCID: PMC4738410 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.29896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2015] [Accepted: 10/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Considerable attention has been focused on long-term use of proton pump inhibitor (PPI) medications in relation to increased risk of cancer via stimulation of DNA-damaged cells. The aim of this study is to examine the dose-dependent effect of PPI on periampullary cancers in a national population-based cohort. A nested case-control analysis was constructed based on Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database and the Taiwan Cancer Registry between the years 2000 and 2010. Cases involving patients diagnosed with periampullary cancers were selected and controls were matched to cases according to age, sex and observational period. A "PPI user" was defined as any patient receiving more than 28 cumulative defined daily doses as measured by prescription drug claims. Conditional logistic regression analysis was conducted to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) according to the level of PPI exposure. A total of 7,681 cases and 76,762 matched controls were included with a mean follow-up period of 6.6 years (SD: 2.0). The odds of PPI exposure in patients with periampullary cancers were higher than that of control patients with an adjusted OR of 1.35 (95% CIs: 1.16-1.57). Our results also showed that PPI exposure was slightly linked to periampullary cancers in dose-dependent manner. A similar association was observed in patients who solely took PPI but no eradication therapy for Helicobacter pylori infection. Long-term PPI use was associated with an increased risk of periampullary cancers in the current population-based study. Physicians must weigh potential risks of long-term maintenance against therapeutic benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Nien Chien
- School of Health Care Administration, College of Management, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yan-Jiun Huang
- Department of General Surgery, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Ph.D. Program for Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University & Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsuan Joni Shao
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Jung Chang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Tsang Chuang
- School of Public Health, College of Public Health and Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Yi Chiou
- School of Public Health, College of Public Health and Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yun Yen
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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15
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Chiang JM, Chang CJ, Jiang SF, Yeh CY, You JF, Hsieh PS, Huang HY. Pre-operative serum albumin level substantially predicts post-operative morbidity and mortality among patients with colorectal cancer who undergo elective colectomy. Eur J Cancer Care (Engl) 2015; 26. [PMID: 26526411 DOI: 10.1111/ecc.12403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The quantitative relationship between serum albumin level and surgical outcomes has not been clearly established. This study included 3732 patients with colon cancer who underwent a potentially curative colectomy. Post-operative mortality and morbidity were analysed according to the patients' demographic data, pre-operative comorbidities, and tumour-related factors. Age, asthma, renal impairment, and albumin level were significantly associated with post-operative morbidity and mortality in the multivariate analyses. Logistic regression analysis revealed linear relationships of post-operative morbidity and mortality with albumin level. The morbidity and mortality rates decreased by 7.3% and 15.6%, respectively, for each 0.1 g/dL increase in albumin level. This finding remained significant in the hypoalbuminaemia subgroup but not in the normoalbuminaemia subgroup. That is, the morbidity and mortality rates significantly decreased by 8.7% and 17.7%, respectively (both P < 0.001), in the former group and decreased by 2.7% (P = 0.112) and 11.6% (P = 0.092), respectively, in the latter group. This study demonstrated that serum albumin level linearly predicted the post-operative morbidity and mortality among the colorectal cancer patients. Pre-operative serum albumin level may therefore be used as a continuous rather than a categorical marker of disease severity, especially among patients with hypoalbuminaemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Chiang
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - C J Chang
- Clinical Informatics and Medical Statistics Research Center, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - S F Jiang
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - C Y Yeh
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - J F You
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - P S Hsieh
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - H Y Huang
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
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Abstract
A novel approach of making a biomimetic nerve conduit was established by seeding adipose-derived adult stem cells (ADSCs) on the external wall of porous poly(d,l-lactic acid) (PLA) nerve conduits. The PLA conduits were fabricated using gas foaming salt and solvent-nonsolvent phase conversion. We examined the effect of two different porous structures (GS and GL) on ADSC growth and proliferation. The GS conduits had better structural stability, permeability, and porosity, as well as better cell viability at 4, 7, and 10 days. The epineurial-like tissue was grown from ADSC-seeded conduits cultured for 7 days in vitro and then implanted into 10-mm rat sciatic nerve defects for evaluation. The regeneration capacity and functional recovery were evaluated by histological staining, electrophysiology, walking track, and functional gait analysis after 6 weeks of implantation. Experimental data indicated that the autograft and ADSC-seeded GS conduits had better functional recovery than the blank conduits and ADSC-seeded GL conduits. The area of regenerated nerve and number of myelinated axons quantified based on the histology also indicated that the autograft and AGS groups performed better than the other two groups. We suggested that ADSCs may interact with endogenous Schwann cells and release neurotrophic factors to promote peripheral nerve regeneration. The design of the conduit may be critical for producing a biohybrid nerve conduit and to provide an epineurial-like support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Chih Hsieh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
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17
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Chang CY, Li JR, Chen WY, Ou YC, Lai CY, Hu YH, Wu CC, Chang CJ, Chen CJ. Disruption of in vitro endothelial barrier integrity by Japanese encephalitis virus-Infected astrocytes. Glia 2015; 63:1915-1932. [PMID: 25959931 DOI: 10.1002/glia.22857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2014] [Accepted: 04/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Blood-brain barrier (BBB) characteristics are induced and maintained by crosstalk between brain microvascular endothelial cells and neighboring cells. Using in vitro cell models, we previously found that a bystander effect was a cause for Japanese encephalitis-associated endothelial barrier disruption. Brain astrocytes, which neighbor BBB endothelial cells, play roles in the maintenance of BBB integrity. By extending the scope of relevant studies, a potential mechanism has been shown that the activation of neighboring astrocytes could be a cause of disruption of endothelial barrier integrity during the course of Japanese encephalitis viral (JEV) infection. JEV-infected astrocytes were found to release biologically active molecules that activated ubiquitin proteasome, degraded zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) and claudin-5, and disrupted endothelial barrier integrity in cultured brain microvascular endothelial cells. JEV infection caused astrocytes to release vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-2/MMP-9). Our data demonstrated that VEGF and IL-6 released by JEV-infected astrocytes were critical for the proteasomal degradation of ZO-1 and the accompanying disruption of endothelial barrier integrity through the activation of Janus kinase-2 (Jak2)/signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (STAT3) signaling as well as the induction of ubiquitin-protein ligase E3 component, n-recognin-1 (Ubr 1) in endothelial cells. MMP-induced endothelial barrier disruption was accompanied by MMP-mediated proteolytic degradation of claudin-5 and ubiquitin proteasome-mediated degradation of ZO-1 via extracellular VEGF release. Collectively, these data suggest that JEV infection could activate astrocytes and cause release of VEGF, IL-6, and MMP-2/MMP-9, thereby contributing, in a concerted action, to the induction of Japanese encephalitis-associated BBB breakdown. GLIA 2015;63:1915-1932.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Yi Chang
- Department of Surgery, Fong-Yuan Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jian-Ri Li
- Division of Urology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Ying Chen
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Chuan Ou
- Division of Urology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Yi Lai
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hui Hu
- Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Cheng Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Financial and Computational Mathematics, Providence University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Jung Chang
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Central Taiwan University of Sciences and Technology, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Jung Chen
- Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Center for General Education, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Nursing, HungKuang University, Taichung, Taiwan
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18
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Liao WC, Chen PH, Hou MC, Chang CJ, Su CW, Lin HC, Lee FY. Endoscopic ultrasonography assessment of para-esophageal varices predicts efficacy of propranolol in preventing recurrence of esophageal varices. J Gastroenterol 2015; 50:342-9. [PMID: 24908097 DOI: 10.1007/s00535-014-0970-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2013] [Accepted: 05/20/2014] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Volume of para-esophageal varices (PEV) correlates with esophageal varices recurrence. The effect of propranolol on volumetric change of PEV has not been studied. The relation between EV recurrence and volumetric change of PEV in patients undergoing endoscopic variceal ligation (EVL) with and without propranolol are studied. METHODS Sixty-six patients who achieved EV eradication by primary EVL were randomly allocated to a propranolol group (n = 33) or control group (n = 33). The endpoints of the study were EV recurrence and volumetric change of PEV assessed by using endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) at 3-month intervals for 2 years. RESULTS The cumulative probability of recurrence at two years was 28% in the propranolol group (n = 9) and 68% in the control group (n = 20) (p = 0.005, log-rank test). Difference of the volumetric change of PEV became significant as early as at the third month [-0.12 (-0.38-0.34) vs. 0.14 (-0.06-0.57), p < 0.001] between the two groups. Regression of PEV was achieved in 20 patients of the propranolol group at a median time of three months (range 3-12 months), and no EV recurrence was found at the end of follow-up for two years. On multivariate analysis, the volumetric change of PEV at the third month and use of propranolol were determinants of EV recurrence. CONCLUSIONS Propranolol may reduce both EV recurrence rate and volume of PEV in patients achieving endoscopic eradication. Regression of PEV is a predictor of durable eradication of EV without recurrence in patients using propranolol. EUS is an objective and useful tool to measure PEV and predict recurrence of EV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Chih Liao
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming University, No. 155, Sec. 2, Linong Street, Taipei, 112, Taiwan (ROC),
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Chen MC, Chang CJ, Lu YH, Niu DM, Lou HY, Chang CC. R173W mutation of hydroxymethylbilane synthetase is associated with acute intermittent porphyria complicated with rhabdomyolysis: the first report. J Clin Gastroenterol 2015; 49:256-7. [PMID: 25389600 DOI: 10.1097/mcg.0000000000000264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Chuan Chen
- *Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University †Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Taipei Medical University Hospital ‡Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine National Yang Ming University §Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Veterans General Hospital ∥Institute of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
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20
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Li CY, Chang CJ, Chu PH, Fann CSJ. The Effect Of Atriala Fibrillation In Acute Myocardial Infarction Patients In Taiwan. Value Health 2014; 17:A473. [PMID: 27201361 DOI: 10.1016/j.jval.2014.08.1349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- C Y Li
- Chang Gung University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - C J Chang
- Chang Gung University, Kwei Shan, Tao Yuan, Taiwan
| | - P H Chu
- Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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21
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Wen YW, Wu H, C S J F, Chang CJ. Using Transmission Dynamic Model to Determine Vaccination Coverage Rate Based on Economic Burden of Infectious Disease: An Example of Pneumococcus Vaccine. Value Health 2014; 17:A729. [PMID: 27202603 DOI: 10.1016/j.jval.2014.08.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Y W Wen
- Chang Gung University, Kwei Shan, Tao Yuan, Taiwan
| | - H Wu
- Chang Gung University, Kwei Shan, Tao Yuan, Taiwan
| | | | - C J Chang
- Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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22
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Chang CJ, Chu PH, Fann CSJ. Cost Effectiveness Of Ivabradine In Chronic Heart Failure Patients With Heart Rate Above Bpm In Taiwan. Value Health 2014; 17:A488. [PMID: 27201442 DOI: 10.1016/j.jval.2014.08.1436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- C J Chang
- Chang Gung University, Kwei Shan, Tao Yuan, Taiwan
| | - P H Chu
- Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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23
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Cheng JS, Ku HP, Chang CJ. Patterns and Predictors of Hospital Readmission in Taiwan. Value Health 2014; 17:A424. [PMID: 27201084 DOI: 10.1016/j.jval.2014.08.1052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J S Cheng
- Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - H P Ku
- Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - C J Chang
- Chang Gung University, Kwei Shan, Tao Yuan, Taiwan
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24
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Hung HS, Chang CH, Chang CJ, Tang CM, Kao WC, Lin SZ, Hsieh HH, Chu MY, Sun WS, Hsu SH. In vitro study of a novel nanogold-collagen composite to enhance the mesenchymal stem cell behavior for vascular regeneration. PLoS One 2014; 9:e104019. [PMID: 25093502 PMCID: PMC4122411 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0104019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2014] [Accepted: 07/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Novel nanocomposites based on type I collagen (Col) containing a small amount (17.4, 43.5, and 174 ppm) of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs, approximately 5 nm) were prepared in this study. The pure Col and Col-AuNP composites (Col-Au) were characterized by the UV-Vis spectroscopy (UV-Vis), surface-enhanced raman spectroscopy (SERS) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The interaction between Col and AuNPs was confirmed by infrared (IR) spectra. The effect of AuNPs on the biocompatibility of Col, evaluated by the proliferation and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) as well as the activation of monocytes and platelets, was investigated. Results showed that Col-Au had better biocompatibility than Col. Upon stimulation by vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and stromal derived factor-1α (SDF-1α), MSCs expressed the highest levels of αvβ3 integrin/CXCR4, focal adhesion kinase (FAK), matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), and Akt/endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) proteins when grown on the Col-Au (43.5 ppm) nanocomposite. Taken together, Col-Au nanocomposites may promote the proliferation and migration of MSCs and stimulate the endothelial cell differentiation. These results suggest that Col-Au may be used to construct tissue engineering scaffolds for vascular regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huey-Shan Hung
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan. R.O.C.
- Center for Neuropsychiatry, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.
| | - Chih-Hsuan Chang
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan. R.O.C.
| | - Chen-Jung Chang
- Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Science, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.
| | - Cheng-Ming Tang
- Institute of Oral Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.
| | - Wei-Chien Kao
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan. R.O.C.
| | - Shinn-Zong Lin
- Center for Neuropsychiatry, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.
- China Medical University Beigang Hospital, Yunlin, Taiwan, R.O.C.
- Graduate Institute of Immunology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Hsien-Hsu Hsieh
- Blood Bank, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.
| | - Mei-Yun Chu
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan. R.O.C.
| | - Wei-Shen Sun
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan. R.O.C.
| | - Shan-hui Hsu
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C.
- Rehabilitation Engineering Research Center, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C.
- * E-mail:
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Hsu SY, Chang CJ, Hsieh CT. Brown-Sequard Syndrome: A Rare Presentation of Spontaneous Cervical Spinal Epidural Haematoma. HONG KONG J EMERG ME 2014. [DOI: 10.1177/102490791402100202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Spontaneous spinal epidural haematoma is a rare but well-known entity that has been considered a surgical emergency. Brown-Sequard syndrome resulting from spontaneous cervical spinal epidural haematoma is rare. Only 11 cases have been described in the literature. We reported an 85-year-old female who presented with Brown-Sequard syndrome at the right C5 level, and an acute haematoma located from the C3 to C6 level was diagnosed from the series images. Within two weeks after decompressive surgery, the previous neurological deficits had gradually improved. (Hong Kong j.emerg.med. 2014;21:107-111)
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - CT Hsieh
- Sijhih Cathay General Hospital, Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, New Taipei, Taiwan
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Wu JS, Yang YC, Lu FH, Lin TS, Chen JJ, Huang YH, Yeh TL, Chang CJ. Cardiac autonomic function and insulin resistance for the development of hypertension: a six-year epidemiological follow-up study. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2013; 23:1216-1222. [PMID: 23419733 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2013.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2012] [Revised: 12/27/2012] [Accepted: 01/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS To explore the impact of cardiac autonomic function (CAF) and insulin resistance (IR) on incident hypertension. METHODS AND RESULTS In 1996, 1638 subjects finished baseline examination, which included anthropometry, blood pressures, CAF, blood biochemistry, plasma insulin, urine examination and electrocardiogram. CAF included standard deviation of normal-to-normal intervals or RR intervals (SDNN), low- and high-frequency power spectrum (LF and HF), and LF/HF ratio at supine for 5 min, the RR interval changes during lying-to-standing maneuver, and the ratio between the longest RR interval during expiration and the shortest RR interval during inspiration (E/I ratio). We used homeostasis model assessment to define beta cell function (HOMA-B) and insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). In total, 992 non-hypertensive participants completed the follow-up assessment in 2003 and 959 participants were included for the final analysis. Incident hypertension was determined by blood pressure status at follow-up. In unadjusted model, both square root of HOMA-IR (OR:3.37, 95%CI: 2.10-6.64) and HOMA-B (OR:0.996, 95%CI: 0.992-0.999) were related to incident hypertension. In multivariate model, square root of HOMA-IR (OR:1.97, 95%CI: 1.05-3.70), but not HOMA-B, was associated with incident hypertension. After further adjustment for baseline CAF, the positive relationship between the square root of HOMA-IR and incident hypertension disappeared. In contrast, LF/HF ratio (OR:1.18, 95%CI: 1.01-1.37), HF power (OR:0.98, 95%CI: 0.96-0.999), and E/I ratio (OR:0.71, 95%CI: 0.54-0.95) were each independently associated with incident hypertension after further adjustment for HOMA measures. CONCLUSION Sympathovagal imbalance with an apparently decreased parasympathetic tone is an important predictor of incident hypertension independent of IR.
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Affiliation(s)
- J S Wu
- Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Family Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Taiwan, ROC
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Chang CY, Kuan YH, Li JR, Chen WY, Ou YC, Pan HC, Liao SL, Raung SL, Chang CJ, Chen CJ. Docosahexaenoic acid reduces cellular inflammatory response following permanent focal cerebral ischemia in rats. J Nutr Biochem 2013; 24:2127-37. [PMID: 24139673 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2013.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2013] [Revised: 07/24/2013] [Accepted: 08/05/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cellular inflammatory response plays an important role in ischemic brain injury and anti-inflammatory treatments in stroke are beneficial. Dietary supplementation with docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) shows anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects against ischemic stroke. However, its effectiveness and its precise modes of neuroprotective action remain incompletely understood. This study provides evidence of an alternative target for DHA and sheds light on the mechanism of its physiological benefits. We report a global inhibitory effect of 3 consecutive days of DHA preadministration on circulating and intracerebral cellular inflammatory responses in a rat model of permanent cerebral ischemia. DHA exhibited a neuroprotective effect against ischemic deficits by reduction of behavioral disturbance, brain infarction, edema and blood-brain barrier disruption. The results of enzymatic assay, Western blot, real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction and flow cytometric analysis revealed that DHA reduced central macrophages/microglia activation, leukocyte infiltration and pro-inflammatory cytokine expression and peripheral leukocyte activation after cerebral ischemia. In parallel with these immunosuppressive phenomena, DHA attenuated post-stroke oxidative stress, c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) phosphorylation, c-Jun phosphorylation and activating protein-1 (AP-1) activation but further elevated ischemia-induced NF-E2-related factor-2 (Nrf2) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression. DHA treatment also had an immunosuppressive effect in lipopolysaccharide/interferon-γ-stimulated glial cultures by attenuating JNK phosphorylation, c-Jun phosphorylation and AP-1 activation and augmenting Nrf2 and HO-1 expression. In summary, we have shown that DHA exhibited neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects against ischemic brain injury and these effects were accompanied by decreased oxidative stress and JNK/AP-1 signaling as well as enhanced Nrf2/HO-1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Yi Chang
- Department of Surgery, Fong Yuan Hospital, Taichung 420, Taiwan
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Abstract
Gastroesophageal varices bleeding is a major complication in patients with cirrhosis. Gastric varices (GVs) occur in approximately 20% of patients with portal hypertension. However, GV bleeding develops in only 25% of patients with GV and requires more transfusion and has higher mortality than esophageal variceal (EV) bleeding. The best strategy for managing acute GV bleeding is similar to that of acute EV bleeding, which involves airway protection, hemodynamic stabilization, and intensive care. Blood transfusion should be cautiously administered in order to avoid rebleeding. Vasoactive agents such as terlipressin or somatostatin should be used when GV bleeding is suspected. Routine use of prophylactic antibiotics reduces bacterial infection and lowers rebleeding rates. By administering endoscopic cyanoacrylate injection, the initial hemostasis rate achieved is at least 90% in most cases; the average mortality rate of GV bleeding is approximately 10-30% and the rebleeding rate is between 22% and 37%. Although endoscopic injection of cyanoacrylate is superior to sclerotherapy and band ligation, and has remained the treatment of choice for treating acute GV bleeding, the outcome of this treatment is still unsatisfactory. New treatment options, such as thrombin injection, transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunts, or balloon-occluded retrograde transvenous obliteration, have shown promising results for acute GV bleeding. However, randomized controlled trials are needed to compare the efficacy of these therapies with cyanoacrylate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Jung Chang
- National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
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Chang CJ, Tam HP, Ko WJ, Tsai PR. Predicting hospital mortality in adult patients with prolonged stay (>14 days) in surgical intensive care unit. Minerva Anestesiol 2013; 79:843-852. [PMID: 23698544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this paper was to identify the factors at surgical intensive care unit (SICU) admission and during the following SICU course that influence hospital mortality of patients with prolonged SICU stay (>14 days). METHODS This prospectively-planned study enrolled 1661 patients over 16 years old with prolonged SICU stay in a tertiary-care teaching hospital over a 4-year period. Data at SICU admission, physiologic factors on the 14th SICU day and the indications of prolonged ICU stay were collected. A multivariate logistic regression model with a least absolute shrinkage and selection operator technique was adopted to identify factors associated with hospital mortality in prolonged-stay patients at the 14th SICU day. RESULTS Prolonged-stay patients accounted for 9.7% of the total SICU admissions, but consumed 51.7% of total SICU days. The hospital mortality of these patients was 34%. For predicting the hospital mortality in prolonged SICU stay patients, the predictors at ICU admission included gender, longer pre-ICU days, higher Charlson comorbidity index, and not admitted from emergency. Predictors on the 14th SICU day included lower Glasgow coma scale, lower mean arterial pressure, higher dosage of inotropes required, higher serum lactate level, higher serum bilirubin level, lower platelet count, and the use of renal replacement therapy. Among the indications for prolonged SICU stay, predictors included the need for mechanical circulatory support, worsening acute encephalopathy with altered mental status, hemodynamic instability due to bleeding, and sepsis with unstable vital signs. CONCLUSION This validated predictive model reached clinically accurate discriminatory power, and may serve to improve patient care and resource utilization in the SICU.
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Affiliation(s)
- C J Chang
- Department of Education, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of bracket bevel design and oral environmental factors (saliva, temperature) on frictional resistance. MATERIALS AND METHODS Five types of brackets, namely a conventional bracket (Omni-arch), an active self-ligating bracket (Clippy), and three passive self-ligating brackets (Carriere, Damon, and Tenbrook T1) coupled with a 0.014-inch austenitic nickel-titanium archwire were tested. In the experimental model, which used a group of five identical brackets, the center bracket was displaced 3 mm to mimic the binding effects. The friction experiments were performed at three temperatures (20°C, 37°C, 55°C) in a dry or a wet (artificial saliva) state. Finally, the surfaces of the bracket slots were observed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) before and after the friction tests. RESULTS The sliding frictional force was significantly influenced by the bracket slot bevel and saliva whether in the active or passive configuration (P < .05). The frictional force significantly increased as the temperature increased in the active configuration (P < .01). Based on the SEM observations, a correlation was found among the level of frictional force, the bevel angle, and the depth of scratches on bracket bevels. CONCLUSION Frictional force can be reduced by increasing the bevel angle and by lowering the oral temperature, whereas the presence of saliva increases frictional resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Jung Chang
- a Attending physician, Department of Stomatology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Dou-Liou Branch, Yunlin, Taiwan
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Chen PH, Chen WC, Hou MC, Liu TT, Chang CJ, Liao WC, Su CW, Wang HM, Lin HC, Lee FY, Lee SD. Delayed endoscopy increases re-bleeding and mortality in patients with hematemesis and active esophageal variceal bleeding: a cohort study. J Hepatol 2012; 57:1207-13. [PMID: 22885718 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2012.07.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2012] [Revised: 07/11/2012] [Accepted: 07/18/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Active bleeding is a poor prognostic indicator in patients with acute esophageal variceal bleeding. This study aimed at determining indicators of 6-week re-bleeding and mortality in patients with "active" esophageal variceal bleeding, particularly emphasizing the presenting symptoms and timing of endoscopy to define the treatment strategy. METHODS From July 2005 to December 2009, cirrhotic patients with endoscopy-proven active esophageal variceal bleeding were evaluated. Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was used to determine the indicators of 6-week re-bleeding and mortality. Outcome comparisons were performed by Kaplan-Meier method and log rank test. RESULTS In 101 patients, the overall 6-week and 3-month re-bleeding rates were 25.7% (n=26) and 29.7% (n=30), respectively. The overall 6-week and 3-month mortality was 31.7% (n=32) and 38.6% (n=39), respectively. Door-to-endoscopy time (hr), MELD score, and portal vein thrombosis were indicators of 6-week re-bleeding, while hematemesis upon arrival, MELD score, and hepatocellular carcinoma were indicators of 6-week mortality. Overall mortality was poorer in hematemesis than in non-hematemesis patients (39.7% vs. 10.7%, p=0.007). In hematemesis patients, 6-week re-bleeding rate (18.9% vs. 38.9%, p=0.028) and mortality (27% vs. 52.8%, p=0.031) were lower in those with early (≤ 12 h) than delayed (>12h) endoscopy. In non-hematemesis patients, early and delayed endoscopy had no difference on 6-week re-bleeding rate (17.6% vs. 18.2%, p=0.944) and mortality (11.8% vs. 9.1%, p=0.861). CONCLUSIONS It is likely that early endoscopy (≤ 12 h) is associated with a better outcome in hematemesis patients, but a randomized trial with larger case numbers is required before making a firm conclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping-Hsien Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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Lai CY, Ou YC, Chang CY, Pan HC, Chang CJ, Liao SL, Su HL, Chen CJ. Endothelial Japanese encephalitis virus infection enhances migration and adhesion of leukocytes to brain microvascular endothelia via MEK-dependent expression of ICAM1 and the CINC and RANTES chemokines. J Neurochem 2012; 123:250-61. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2012.07889.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2012] [Revised: 07/24/2012] [Accepted: 07/26/2012] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Yen-Chuan Ou
- Division of Urology; Taichung Veterans General Hospital; Taichung; Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Yi Chang
- Department of Surgery; Fong-Yuan Hospital; Taichung; Taiwan
| | - Hung-Chuan Pan
- Department of Neurosurgery; Taichung Veterans General Hospital; Taichung; Taiwan
| | - Chen-Jung Chang
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences; Central Taiwan University of Sciences and Technology; Taichung; Taiwan
| | - Su-Lan Liao
- Department of Education and Research; Taichung Veterans General Hospital; Taichung; Taiwan
| | - Hong-Lin Su
- Department of Life Sciences; National Chung Hsing University; Taichung; Taiwan
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Hung HH, Chang CJ, Hou MC, Liao WC, Chan CC, Huang HC, Lin HC, Lee FY, Lee SD. Efficacy of non-selective β-blockers as adjunct to endoscopic prophylactic treatment for gastric variceal bleeding: a randomized controlled trial. J Hepatol 2012; 56:1025-1032. [PMID: 22266602 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2011.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2011] [Revised: 12/02/2011] [Accepted: 12/03/2011] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Gastric variceal obturation (GVO) therapy is the current treatment of choice for gastric variceal bleeding (GVB). However, the efficacy of non-selective β-blockers (NSBB) in the secondary prevention of GVB is still debatable. This study aimed at evaluating the efficacy of additional NSBB to repeated GVO in the secondary prevention of GVB. METHODS From April 2007 to March 2011, 95 patients with GVB after primary hemostasis using GVO were enrolled. Repeated GVO were performed until GV eradication. Forty-eight and 47 patients were randomized into the GVO alone group (Group A) and the GVO+NSBB group (Group B), respectively. Primary outcomes in terms of re-bleeding and overall survival were analyzed by multivariate analysis. RESULTS After a mean follow-up of 18.10 months in group A, 26 patients bled and 20 died. In group B, 22 patients bled and 22 died after a mean follow-up of 20.29 months. The overall re-bleeding and survival rates analyzed by the Kaplan-Meier method were not different between the two groups (p=0.336 and 0.936, respectively). The model of end-stage liver disease (MELD) score and main portal vein thrombosis (MPT) were independent determinants of re-bleeding while MPT and re-bleeding were independent factors of mortality by time-dependent Cox-regression model. Asthenia was the most common adverse event and was higher in group B (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS Adding NSBB therapy to repeated GVO provides no benefit for the secondary prevention of bleeding and mortality in patients with GVB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung-Hsu Hung
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Endoscopy Center for Diagnosis and Treatment, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Jung Chang
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chih Hou
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Endoscopy Center for Diagnosis and Treatment, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Wei-Chih Liao
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Municipal Gan-Dau Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Che-Chang Chan
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Chun Huang
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Han-Chieh Lin
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Fa-Yauh Lee
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shou-Dong Lee
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Deparement of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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Hung HH, Chang CJ, Hou MC, Liao WC, Chan CC, Huang HC, Lin HC, Lee FY, Lee SD. Efficacy of non-selective β-blockers as adjunct to endoscopic prophylactic treatment for gastric variceal bleeding: a randomized controlled trial. J Hepatol 2012. [PMID: 22266602 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2011.12.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Gastric variceal obturation (GVO) therapy is the current treatment of choice for gastric variceal bleeding (GVB). However, the efficacy of non-selective β-blockers (NSBB) in the secondary prevention of GVB is still debatable. This study aimed at evaluating the efficacy of additional NSBB to repeated GVO in the secondary prevention of GVB. METHODS From April 2007 to March 2011, 95 patients with GVB after primary hemostasis using GVO were enrolled. Repeated GVO were performed until GV eradication. Forty-eight and 47 patients were randomized into the GVO alone group (Group A) and the GVO+NSBB group (Group B), respectively. Primary outcomes in terms of re-bleeding and overall survival were analyzed by multivariate analysis. RESULTS After a mean follow-up of 18.10 months in group A, 26 patients bled and 20 died. In group B, 22 patients bled and 22 died after a mean follow-up of 20.29 months. The overall re-bleeding and survival rates analyzed by the Kaplan-Meier method were not different between the two groups (p=0.336 and 0.936, respectively). The model of end-stage liver disease (MELD) score and main portal vein thrombosis (MPT) were independent determinants of re-bleeding while MPT and re-bleeding were independent factors of mortality by time-dependent Cox-regression model. Asthenia was the most common adverse event and was higher in group B (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS Adding NSBB therapy to repeated GVO provides no benefit for the secondary prevention of bleeding and mortality in patients with GVB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung-Hsu Hung
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Endoscopy Center for Diagnosis and Treatment, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Jung Chang
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chih Hou
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Endoscopy Center for Diagnosis and Treatment, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Wei-Chih Liao
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Municipal Gan-Dau Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Che-Chang Chan
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Chun Huang
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Han-Chieh Lin
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Fa-Yauh Lee
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shou-Dong Lee
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Deparement of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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Chang CJ, Hou MC, Liao WC, Lee FY, Lin HC, Lee SD. Risk factors of early re-bleeding and mortality in patients with ruptured gastric varices and concomitant hepatocellular carcinoma. J Gastroenterol 2012; 47:531-9. [PMID: 22223176 DOI: 10.1007/s00535-011-0518-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2011] [Accepted: 11/23/2011] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most studies of prognostic factors after a variceal hemorrhage have either excluded or only involved a few patients with bleeding from gastric variceal bleeding (GVB) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We have investigated risk factors for early re-bleeding and mortality in patients with GVB and HCC and attempted to determine the effect of HCC characteristics on portal hypertension-related re-bleeding. METHODS This was a retrospective study of data complied on 109 patients with GVB and concomitant HCC in prospectively collected databases. HCC patients were divided into those with recently developed HCC (rd-HCC; HCC diagnosed within 2 months before or after GVB) and those with previously diagnosed HCC (pd-HCC; HCC diagnosed 2 months before GVB). Predictors for 5-day portal hypertension re-bleeding, 30-day and 5-year mortality were analyzed. RESULTS The cumulative 5-day re-bleeding rates in the rd-HCC group versus the pd-HCC group was 23.5 versus 10.0% (P = 0.019). rd-HCC, a high model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) score (>15), and active bleeding were predictors for 5-day re-bleeding. The cumulative 30-day and 5-year survival for the rd-HCC group versus the pd-HCC group were 76.0 versus 76.5% (P = 0.980) and 16.0 versus 4.7% (P = 0.099), respectively. Advanced tumor stage, high MELD score (>15), and elevated alanine transaminase were predictors of mortality. CONCLUSION Patients with GVB and concomitant HCC are associated with poor outcomes. Recently developed HCC, a high MELD score, active bleeding, advanced tumor stage, and elevated alanine transaminase are poor prognostic predictors. Apart from pharmacological and endoscopic treatments for GVB, careful investigation of a recently developed HCC in these patients is mandatory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Jung Chang
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Hsieh SC, Tang CM, Huang WT, Hsieh LL, Lu CM, Chang CJ, Hsu SH. Comparison between two different methods of immobilizing NGF in poly(DL-lactic acid-co-glycolic acid) conduit for peripheral nerve regeneration by EDC/NHS/MES and genipin. J Biomed Mater Res A 2011; 99:576-85. [PMID: 21953828 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.33157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2010] [Revised: 02/28/2011] [Accepted: 04/29/2011] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
For surface modification and nerve regeneration, chitosan, followed by nerve growth factor (NGF), was immobilized onto the interior surface of poly (lactic acit-co-glycolic) conduits, using EDC/NHS/MES system (EDCs) and genipin (GP). Four new conduits were, therefore, obtained and named by immobilizing order-EDCs/EDCs, GP/EDCs, EDCs/GP, and GP/GP groups. The immobilized methods used were evaluated and compared, respectively. The researchers found that the EDCs- and GP-cross-linked chitosan displayed higher hydrophilic than pure poly (DL-lactic acid-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) in water contact angle experiment, which meant the cell compatibility was improved by the modification. Scanning electron microscopic observations revealed that the GP-cross-linking of chitosan greatly improved cell compatibility while cultured rat PC12 cells were flatter and more spindle-shaped than EDCs-cross-linked chitosan. The results concerning the GP-cross-linked chitosan revealed significant proliferation of the seeded cells relative to pure PLGA films, as determined by counting cells and MTT assay. The NGF was released from the modified conduits in two separate periods--an initial burst in 5 days and then slow release from day 10 to day 40. The GP/EDCs group had the highest NGF value among all groups after the 5th day. Finally, the controlled-release conduits were used to bridge a 10 mm rat sciatic nerve defect. Six weeks following implantation, morphological analysis revealed the highest numbers of myelinated axons in the midconduit and distal regenerated nerve in GP/EDCs group. Therefore, the results confirm that GP/EDCs groups with good cell compatibility and effective release of NGF can considerably improve peripheral nerve regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Chih Hsieh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Chen CJ, Ou YC, Chang CY, Pan HC, Lin SY, Liao SL, Raung SL, Chen SY, Chang CJ. Src signaling involvement in Japanese encephalitis virus-induced cytokine production in microglia. Neurochem Int 2011; 58:924-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2011.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2011] [Accepted: 02/17/2011] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Hsu SK, Huang WT, Liu BS, Li SM, Chen HT, Chang CJ. Effects of near-field ultrasound stimulation on new bone formation and osseointegration of dental titanium implants in vitro and in vivo. Ultrasound Med Biol 2011; 37:403-416. [PMID: 21276654 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2010.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2010] [Revised: 11/01/2010] [Accepted: 12/03/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
A near-field ultrasound stimulation system was designed for use in in vitro and in vivo trials. The intensity of ultrasound was studied to optimize the osseointegration of the dental titanium implant into the adjacent bone. MG63 osteoblast-like cells were seeded on commercial purity titanium (CP-Ti) plate, and then sonicated for 3 min/day at a frequency of 1 MHz and intensities of 0.05, 0.15 and 0.30 W/cm(2), using either pulsed or continuous ultrasound. Cells were analyzed to determine viability (inhibition of (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) reduction) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP). Tissue culture was performed in vitro by placing a CP-Ti plate in a cultured rat neonatal calvarial defect in response to ultrasound stimulation. In the in vivo trial, screw-shaped CP-Ti implants were inserted into the metaphysis of rabbit tibia, and then stimulated by ultrasound for 10 min daily for 30 d. All samples were processed for histomorphometric evaluation and analyzed by image system. Color Doppler ultrasonography was inspected to evaluate the supply of blood flow. Pulsed ultrasound groups had higher MTT and ALP than control. Tissue culture indicated that pulsed ultrasound groups promoted cell migration and new bone regeneration more effectively than in the control. In animal study, blood flow and mature type I collagen fibers were more prevalent around titanium implants, and bone formation was accelerated in pulsed ultrasound groups. In conclusion, low-intensity pulsed ultrasound at 0.05-0.3 W/cm(2) may accelerate cell proliferation and promote the maturation of collagen fibers and support osteointegration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Kuang Hsu
- Department of Dental Technology and Material Sciences, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung, Taiwan
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Chang CJ, Hou MC, Lin HC, Lee HS, Liao WC, Su CW, Lee SD. The safety and probable therapeutic effect of routine use of antibiotics and simultaneously treating bleeding gastric varices by using endoscopic cyanoacrylate injection and concomitant esophageal varices with banding ligation: a pilot study. Gastrointest Endosc 2010; 71:1141-9. [PMID: 20362285 DOI: 10.1016/j.gie.2009.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2009] [Accepted: 12/03/2009] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastroesophageal varices are the most common type of gastric varices. Although endoscopic injection of N-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate is the current treatment of choice for acute gastric variceal bleeding, whether the concomitant esophageal varices should be ligated simultaneously with the first treatment session is currently not known. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and probable therapeutic effect of simultaneous cyanoacrylate injection for bleeding gastric varices obliteration (GVO) and endoscopic band ligation (EBL) for concomitant esophageal varices in combination with routine antibiotics (simultaneous group), and to compare our results with historical results in which the patients underwent GVO first and then EBL for concomitant esophageal varices (separate group). DESIGN A single-center pilot study. SETTING A tertiary referral center. PATIENTS Patients with liver cirrhosis and gastroesophageal varices, who presented with acute gastric varices bleeding. INTERVENTIONS Simultaneous treatment in the form of GVO and EBL for concomitant esophageal varices in combination with routine antibiotics. MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENT Rebleeding and mortality within the first year of index bleeding. RESULTS Twenty patients in the simultaneous group and 67 patients in the separate group were included in the study. The 2 groups had similar baseline characteristics. The hemostasis of active bleeding was 100% in both groups (7/7 vs 20/20). The 1-year rebleeding rate was 10% (2/20) in the simultaneous group and 37.31% (25/67) in the separate group (P = .041). Kaplan-Meier analysis showed higher probability of remaining free of rebleeding in the simultaneous group (88.5% vs 61.1%; P = .044). Multivariate analysis indicated that treatment method (separate group) and high model for end-stage liver disease score (> or = 13) were independent risk factors of rebleeding in 1 year. The treatment failure, complications, 1-year mortality, and survival were similar in both groups. CONCLUSION Simultaneous endoscopic treatment for gastric varices bleeding and concomitant esophageal varices is a safe and effective procedure in combination with antibiotic prophylaxis for patients with cirrhosis. The 1-year mortality rate was similar between the 2 groups. The results need further validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Jung Chang
- Current affiliations: National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine and Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan 11217
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Chang CJ. Effects of nerve growth factor from genipin-crosslinked gelatin in polycaprolactone conduit on peripheral nerve regeneration--in vitro and in vivo. J Biomed Mater Res A 2010; 91:586-96. [PMID: 18985781 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.32252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The gelatin solution crosslinked by genipin (0, 0.1, 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5% w/w) was studied as a nerve growth factor (NGF) carrier (GGp0, GGp0.1, GGp0.5, GGp1.0, and GGp1.5) in a polycaprolactone conduit in large-gap nerve regeneration. The GGp0 and GGp0.1 displayed the highest activity of PC12 cells and inhibited the reduction of 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT). No cytotoxicity was found in all groups by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release. The NGF-releasing characters were obtained by ELISA tests. A relatively fast release rate appeared during the first 10 days and then a subsequent slower release profile followed. NGF was higher in GGp0.1 than in GGp0 and GGp0.1 after 10 days. The bioactivity of the released NGF remains the same when measuring the neurite outgrowth of PC 12 cells. Finally, the controlled-release conduits were implanted into 12-mm long sciatic nerve gaps of rats. In addition, the best site of NGF carrier was determined either by filling carrier into the conduit lumen or by sucking carrier to the conduit wall. Four and 8 weeks after implantation, morphological analysis revealed that GGp0.1 conduits had markedly larger and more number of myelin axons in the midconduit and distal nerve. Further, sucking the carrier into the conduit wall was an efficient and convenient way to prevent the regeneration of axons and vessels from being impaired by the lumen's carrier. The genipin-crosslinked gelatin is a promising carrier in producing a high release concentration and a long release period of NGF to promote the regeneration over a large-gap nerve injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Jung Chang
- Laboratory of Tissue-Engineering, Department of Radiological Technology, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung, Taiwan.
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Hsu CC, Hwang SJ, Tai TY, Chen T, Huang MC, Shin SJ, Wen CP, Shih YT, Yang HJ, Chang CT, Chang CJ, Loh CH, Fuh MT, Li YS, Chang HY. Cigarette smoking and proteinuria in Taiwanese men with Type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabet Med 2010; 27:295-302. [PMID: 20536492 DOI: 10.1111/j.1464-5491.2010.02947.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Cigarette smoking is a well-known risk factor associated with diabetic nephropathy. The objective of this study was to further investigate the dose-response effect of tobacco exposure on proteinuria in males with Type 2 diabetes. METHODS Five hundred and nine males with Type 2 diabetes were selected from a cohort participating in a glucose control study in Taiwan. Pack-years of cigarette smoking were calculated to define tobacco exposure. Proteinuria was identified if albumin-to-creatinine ratio was > or = 30 mg/g in at least two of three consecutive urine tests. Logistic regression and trend tests were used to delineate the association between smoking status and proteinuria. RESULTS Compared with non-smokers, those who had smoked 15-30 or more than 30 pack-years were respectively 2.78 (95% CI 1.34-5.76, P < 0.01) and 3.20 (95% CI 1.74-5.86, P < 0.001) times more likely to develop proteinuria. The dose-response effect of tobacco exposure on the development of proteinuria is highly significant in all subjects (P = 0.001) and in subgroups with relatively short duration of diabetes mellitus (P < 0.001), good blood pressure control (P = 0.001) and those of young age (P = 0.007). CONCLUSIONS The current study shows a clear dose-response effect of cigarette smoking on development of proteinuria in male Type 2 diabetic patients. These findings reinforce the urgent need to encourage diabetic patients to stop smoking regardless of age, duration of diabetes mellitus or status of blood pressure control.
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Affiliation(s)
- C C Hsu
- Division of Health Policy Research and Development, Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
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Chang CJ, Su CW, Hou MC. Abdominal pain after endoscopic hemostasis of gastric tumor bleeding. Splenic infarction with abscess formation. Gastroenterology 2009; 137:e7-8. [PMID: 19799837 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2009.02.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2009] [Accepted: 02/25/2009] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Jung Chang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Chang CJ, Shiau YT, Chen TL, Hou MC, Sun CH, Liao WC, Lin HC, Lee SD. Pyogenic portal vein thrombosis as a reservoir of persistent septicemia after cyanoacrylate injection for bleeding gastric varices. Digestion 2009; 78:139-43. [PMID: 19023208 DOI: 10.1159/000175360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Gastric variceal bleeding is a serious complication of liver cirrhosis. A recent consensus suggested that endoscopic injection of tissue glue for gastric variceal obliteration (GVO) should be the first choice for treatment of acute gastric variceal bleeding. Following the widespread use of GVO, more severe complications such as needle cementation, fistula formation, embolic sequels, recurrent septicemia, etc., have been reported. We present the first case of GVO-complicated pyogenic portosplenic vein thrombosis which led to persistent Klebsiella pneumoniae septicemia. The foreign body of a glue plug offers an ideal surface for bacterial colonization which becomes a reservoir for continuous bacterial dissemination. The mechanism was proven by ribotyping of the microorganism and postmortem pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Jung Chang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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Chang CJ. The Effect of Pulse-Released Nerve Growth Factor from Genipin-Crosslinked Gelatin in Schwann Cell–Seeded Polycaprolactone Conduits on Large-Gap Peripheral Nerve Regeneration. Tissue Eng Part A 2009; 15:547-57. [DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2007.0342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Chang CJ, Hsu SH, Yen HJ, Chang H, Hsu SK. Effects of unidirectional permeability in asymmetric poly(DL-lactic acid-co-glycolic acid) conduits on peripheral nerve regeneration: Anin vitro andin vivo study. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2007; 83:206-15. [PMID: 17405166 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.30785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The high outflow permeability of the nerve conduit used to emit the drained waste generated from the traumatized host nerve stump is critical in peripheral nerve regeneration. Our earlier studies have established that asymmetric conduits fulfill the basic requirements for use as nerve guide conduits. In this study, the inflow characteristics of optimal nerve conduits were further examined using in vivo and in vitro trials. Various asymmetric poly(DL-lactic acid-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) conduits were controlled by modifying precipitation baths using 0, 20, and 95% isopropyl alcohol, with high-porosity (permeability), medium-porosity (high outflow and low inflow), and low-porosity (permeability), respectively. In the in vitro trial, the Schwann cells and fibroblasts were seeded on either side of the asymmetric PLGA films in a newly designed coculture system that simulated the repaired nerve conduit environment. The results of the directional permeable films indicated the statistically significant proliferation of Schwann cells and the inhibition of the division of fibroblasts in lactate dehydrogenase release and inhibition of 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) reduction, compared with the other films. In the in vivo trial, the PLGA conduits seeded with Schwann cells were implanted into 10 mm right sciatic nerve defects in rats. After 6 weeks, implanted conduits were harvested. Histological examination verified that directional permeable conduits had markedly more A-type and B-type myelin fibers in the midconduit and distal nerve. In this work, the directional transport characteristics were established as an extremely important factor to the design and development of optimal nerve guide conduits in peripheral nerve regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Jung Chang
- Department of Radiological Technology, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung, Taiwan
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Weng MH, Chang CJ, Chen WY, Chou WK, Peh HC, Huang MC, Chen MT, Nagahata H. Contribution of somatic cell-associated activation of plasminogen to caseinolysis within the goat mammary gland. J Dairy Sci 2006; 89:2025-37. [PMID: 16702266 DOI: 10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(06)72270-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Functional regression of the mammary gland is partly reflected by proteolysis of milk protein and tissue protein. The involvement of the plasminogen activation system in degradation of milk protein and mammary tissue damage has been demonstrated under inflammatory conditions. In this study, mammary secretion from 23 dairy goats primarily grouped as lactation (milking twice daily) or involution (milking once daily or less) was used to determine the ratio of gravity-precipitated casein to total milk protein (casein ratio) as an index of caseinolysis, and activities of components of plasminogen activation system as well as their expressions on somatic cells. Based on the casein ratio, lactation goats were subcategorized as very active (71.8 +/- 1.0%) or less active (29.9 +/- 1.0%) in mammary function; involution goats were subcategorized as gradual (21.7 +/- 1.0%) or acute (5.9 +/- 0.2%) involution. This result suggests that caseinolysis occurred during regular lactation as well as during involution. On the other hand, activities of components of the plasminogen activation system in mammary secretion were increased along with the decreasing casein ratio, in contrast to the similar activities of their counterparts in circulation throughout various mammary statuses. Correlation analysis between casein ratio and activities of plasminogen activation system of goat milk indicated a significant negative relationship for plasmin (r = -0.64), plasminogen (r = -0.69), and urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA; r = -0.78) during involution but not during lactation. As for the cellular components of plasminogen activation system, there was an increase in immunoreactivity on somatic cells toward both monoclonal antibodies of human uPA and human uPA receptor under involution conditions suggesting their upregulation relative to lactation condition. Collectively, these results suggest that plasminogen activation system within the mammary gland differentially contribute to milk caseinolysis along the various stages of goat lactation. Meanwhile, a somatic cell-mediated local elevation of plasmin activity may be committed to extensive caseinolysis during involution.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H Weng
- Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China, 402
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Abstract
BACKGROUND The molecular mechanisms underlying the mitogenic effect of ferulic acid (FA), an active compound derived from Angelica sinensis, have never been elucidated. It was the aim of this study to investigate the proliferative effect of FA on human breast cancer cell lines and to elucidate its modulation mechanism on HER2 expression in MCF7 line. MATERIALS AND METHODS By using MCF7 (oestrogen receptor-positive; ER+, HER2-low), BT474 (ER+, HER2-high), MDAMB231 (ER-, HER2-low) and SKBR3 (ER-, HER2-high) human breast cancer cell lines as in vitro models, the mitogenic effects of FA were assessed by trypan blue dye exclusion assay and DNA flow cytometry. Ferulic acid-modulated cell signalling and HER2 gene expression were evaluated in MCF7 line by Western blot and real-time RT-PCR analysis. RESULTS Ferulic acid ER-dependently stimulated cell proliferation on MCF7 cells in a concentration-dependent manner. The HER2 oncogene (one of the prognostic factors of breast cancer) and ESR1 gene (oestrogen receptor-alpha; ERalpha) transcription were markedly up-regulated by FA treatment. Besides, HER2 signalling and its downstream molecules such as AKT and ERK1/2 were involved in FA-modulated ERalpha and cyclin D1 synthesis. Addition of anti-HER2 antibody, trastuzumab, abrogated FA-enhanced proliferative effect on MCF7 cells, indicated a positive feedback control for the action of HER2 in this setting. The fact that the ER antagonist blocked most of the FA-up-regulated HER2 expression, and that trastuzumab down-regulated ERalpha gene expression, suggested a cross-talk between ERalpha and HER2 signalling on MCF7 cells. CONCLUSION The authors' conclude that FA causes human breast cancer cell proliferation by up-regulation of HER2 and ERalpha expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- C J Chang
- Institute of Traditional Medicine, Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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Chang CJ, Hsu SH. The effect of high outflow permeability in asymmetric poly(dl-lactic acid-co-glycolic acid) conduits for peripheral nerve regeneration. Biomaterials 2006; 27:1035-42. [PMID: 16098582 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2005.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2005] [Accepted: 07/02/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
This study attempted to accelerate the peripheral nerve regeneration, using the high outflow rate of asymmetric poly(dl-lactic acid-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nerve conduits. Asymmetric PLGA nerve conduits of monomer ratio 85/15 were prepared by immersion-precipitation method to serve as possible materials. In this study, mandrels were immersed into a 20% (wt/wt) of PLGA/1,4-dioxane solution and precipitated in a non-solvent bath followed by freeze-drying. Different concentrations of isopropyl alcohol (95%, 40% and 20%) were used as precipitation baths where non-asymmetric (95%) and asymmetric (40% and 20%) conduits could easily form. The asymmetric nerve conduits that consisted of macrovoids on the outer layer, and interconnected micropores in the inner sublayer, possessed characters of larger outflow rate than inflow rate. The asymmetric conduits were implanted to 10mm right sciatic nerve defects in rats. Autografts, silicone and non-asymmetric PLGA conduits were performed as the control and the contrast groups. Implanted graft specimens of all groups were harvested for histological analysis at 4 and 6 weeks following surgery. The asymmetric PLGA conduits maintained a stable supporting structure and inhibited exogenous cells invasion during entire regeneration process. Asymmetric PLGA conduits were found to have statistically greater number of regenerated axons at the midconduit and distal nerve site of implanted grafts, as compared to the silicone and non-asymmetric groups at 4 and 6 weeks. Of interest was that the results of 4 weeks in asymmetric groups were better than the non-asymmetric groups at 6 weeks in number of axons. According to the results of permeability, the asymmetric structure in the conduit wall seemed to enhance the removal of the blockage of the waste drain from the inner inflamed wound in the early stage, which may have improved the efficacy of the peripheral nerve regeneration. The asymmetric structure could be adequately employed in the future as optimal nerve conduits in peripheral nerve regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Jung Chang
- Department of Radiological Technology, Chung-Tai Institute of Health Science and Technology, Taichung, Taiwan
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Chang CJ, Hsu SH, Lin FT, Chang H, Chang CS. Low-intensity-ultrasound-accelerated nerve regeneration using cell-seeded poly(D,L-lactic acid-co-glycolic acid) conduits: an in vivo and in vitro study. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2006; 75:99-107. [PMID: 16015644 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.30269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of low intensity ultrasound on seeded Schwann cells within poly(DL-lactic acid-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) conduits by in vitro and in vivo trials for peripheral nerve regeneration. The possible differences in the ultrasonic effects when using biodegradable and non-biodegradable materials as the conduits were also studied, using silicone rubber tubes as comparisons. In the in vitro study, seeded Schwann cells were cultured in serum deprivation culture medium that simulated the environment of mechanical trauma on injury nerve site. After 12, 24, and 48 h, only the PLGA conduit groups exposed to 0.05 W/cm(2), 3 min/treatment of ultrasound exhibited decreased LDH release and increased MTT values compared to the sham groups. Based on the results of the in vitro experiment in LDH and MTT testing, the silicone conduits with seeded Schwann cells group was ignored in the in vivo study. The PLGA nerve conduits seeded with Schwann cells (9 x 10(3) cells) were implanted to 15-mm right sciatic nerve defects in rats. Each conduit received 12 ultrasonic treatment sessions over 2 weeks after 1 day of rest. Ultrasound was applied as follows: frequency, 1MHz; intensity, 0.3 W/cm(2) (SATP); treatment, 5 min/day. Implanted graft specimens were harvested for histological analysis at 8 weeks following surgery. PLGA groups (with and without Schwann cells) treated with pulsed ultrasonic stimulation were found to have significantly greater number and area of regenerated axons at the mid-conduit of implanted grafts, as compared to the sham groups. Ultrasonic stimulation on silicone groups was found to induce a mass of fibrous tissues that covered the nerve conduits and retarded axon regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Jung Chang
- Department of Radiological Technology, Chung-Tai Institute of Health Science and Technology, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
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McGowan JP, Shah SS, Small CB, Klein RS, Schnipper SM, Chang CJ, Rosenstreich DL. Relationship of serum immunoglobulin and IgG subclass levels to race, ethnicity and behavioral characteristics in HIV infection. Med Sci Monit 2006; 12:CR11-16. [PMID: 16369464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2005] [Accepted: 10/18/2005] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To determine whether demographic and behavioral factors affect immunoglobulin regulation in HIV infection, we studied injection drug users, women, and minority ethnic and racial groups with and without HIV infection. MATERIAL/METHODS A prospective cross-sectional study of ambulatory persons with or at risk for HIV infection was conducted. We enrolled 48 injection drug users (IDUs) and 43 non-IDUs seropositive for HIV and 22 seronegative at-risk individuals in the Bronx, New York City. Sixteen HIV-seronegative, non-IDUs controls were also studied. Total serum immunoglobulin levels, IgG subclasses and lymphocyte phenotypes were measured. RESULTS Serum IgG, IgA, IgG(1) and IgG(3) were increased in all stages of HIV infection controlling for injection drug use, gender, race and age (p0.05). Serum IgM levels were significantly decreased in HIV seropositives compared to HIV seronegatives (p<0.02). Two patterns of serum immunoglobulin level elevation were found in HIV infection: 1) IgG, IgG(1) and IgG(3) levels were elevated in early and advanced HIV infection; 2) IgA, IgG(2) and IgG(4) levels were elevated only in advanced HIV infection. IgG levels were increased in Blacks compared to Caucasians with HIV infection (p=0.01). CONCLUSIONS Serum IgG, IgG(1) and IgG(3) levels are increased in early HIV infection, while serum IgA, IgG(2), and IgG(3) levels are increased only in advanced HIV infection. In contrast, serum IgM levels are decreased in HIV infection. HIV-seropositive Blacks have higher serum IgG levels than HIV-seropositive Caucasians. Further studies are necessary to determine the mechanism(s) underlying the different patterns of immunoglobulin elevation in HIV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph P McGowan
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, U.S.A.
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