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Sun Y, Gu L, Wen J, van der Tol C, Porcar-Castell A, Joiner J, Chang CY, Magney T, Wang L, Hu L, Rascher U, Zarco-Tejada P, Barrett CB, Lai J, Han J, Luo Z. From remotely sensed solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence to ecosystem structure, function, and service: Part I-Harnessing theory. Glob Chang Biol 2023; 29:2926-2952. [PMID: 36799496 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) is a remotely sensed optical signal emitted during the light reactions of photosynthesis. The past two decades have witnessed an explosion in availability of SIF data at increasingly higher spatial and temporal resolutions, sparking applications in diverse research sectors (e.g., ecology, agriculture, hydrology, climate, and socioeconomics). These applications must deal with complexities caused by tremendous variations in scale and the impacts of interacting and superimposing plant physiology and three-dimensional vegetation structure on the emission and scattering of SIF. At present, these complexities have not been overcome. To advance future research, the two companion reviews aim to (1) develop an analytical framework for inferring terrestrial vegetation structures and function that are tied to SIF emission, (2) synthesize progress and identify challenges in SIF research via the lens of multi-sector applications, and (3) map out actionable solutions to tackle these challenges and offer our vision for research priorities over the next 5-10 years based on the proposed analytical framework. This paper is the first of the two companion reviews, and theory oriented. It introduces a theoretically rigorous yet practically applicable analytical framework. Guided by this framework, we offer theoretical perspectives on three overarching questions: (1) The forward (mechanism) question-How are the dynamics of SIF affected by terrestrial ecosystem structure and function? (2) The inference question: What aspects of terrestrial ecosystem structure, function, and service can be reliably inferred from remotely sensed SIF and how? (3) The innovation question: What innovations are needed to realize the full potential of SIF remote sensing for real-world applications under climate change? The analytical framework elucidates that process complexity must be appreciated in inferring ecosystem structure and function from the observed SIF; this framework can serve as a diagnosis and inference tool for versatile applications across diverse spatial and temporal scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Sun
- School of Integrative Plant Science, Soil and Crop Sciences Section, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Lianhong Gu
- Environmental Sciences Division and Climate Change Science Institute, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
| | - Jiaming Wen
- School of Integrative Plant Science, Soil and Crop Sciences Section, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Christiaan van der Tol
- Affiliation Faculty of Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation (ITC), University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Albert Porcar-Castell
- Optics of Photosynthesis Laboratory, Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research (INAR)/Forest Sciences, Viikki Plant Science Center (ViPS), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Joanna Joiner
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), Greenbelt, Maryland, USA
| | - Christine Y Chang
- US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Adaptive Cropping Systems Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland, USA
| | - Troy Magney
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Lixin Wang
- Department of Earth Sciences, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI), Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Leiqiu Hu
- Department of Atmospheric and Earth Science, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, Alabama, USA
| | - Uwe Rascher
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany
| | - Pablo Zarco-Tejada
- School of Agriculture and Food (SAF-FVAS) and Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology (IE-FEIT), University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Christopher B Barrett
- Charles H. Dyson School of Applied Economics and Management, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Jiameng Lai
- School of Integrative Plant Science, Soil and Crop Sciences Section, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Jimei Han
- School of Integrative Plant Science, Soil and Crop Sciences Section, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Zhenqi Luo
- School of Integrative Plant Science, Soil and Crop Sciences Section, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
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2
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Sun Y, Wen J, Gu L, Joiner J, Chang CY, van der Tol C, Porcar-Castell A, Magney T, Wang L, Hu L, Rascher U, Zarco-Tejada P, Barrett CB, Lai J, Han J, Luo Z. From remotely-sensed solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence to ecosystem structure, function, and service: Part II-Harnessing data. Glob Chang Biol 2023; 29:2893-2925. [PMID: 36802124 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Although our observing capabilities of solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) have been growing rapidly, the quality and consistency of SIF datasets are still in an active stage of research and development. As a result, there are considerable inconsistencies among diverse SIF datasets at all scales and the widespread applications of them have led to contradictory findings. The present review is the second of the two companion reviews, and data oriented. It aims to (1) synthesize the variety, scale, and uncertainty of existing SIF datasets, (2) synthesize the diverse applications in the sector of ecology, agriculture, hydrology, climate, and socioeconomics, and (3) clarify how such data inconsistency superimposed with the theoretical complexities laid out in (Sun et al., 2023) may impact process interpretation of various applications and contribute to inconsistent findings. We emphasize that accurate interpretation of the functional relationships between SIF and other ecological indicators is contingent upon complete understanding of SIF data quality and uncertainty. Biases and uncertainties in SIF observations can significantly confound interpretation of their relationships and how such relationships respond to environmental variations. Built upon our syntheses, we summarize existing gaps and uncertainties in current SIF observations. Further, we offer our perspectives on innovations needed to help improve informing ecosystem structure, function, and service under climate change, including enhancing in-situ SIF observing capability especially in "data desert" regions, improving cross-instrument data standardization and network coordination, and advancing applications by fully harnessing theory and data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Sun
- School of Integrative Plant Science, Soil and Crop Sciences Section, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Jiaming Wen
- School of Integrative Plant Science, Soil and Crop Sciences Section, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Lianhong Gu
- Environmental Sciences Division and Climate Change Science Institute, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
| | - Joanna Joiner
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), Greenbelt, Maryland, USA
| | - Christine Y Chang
- US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Adaptive Cropping Systems Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland, USA
| | - Christiaan van der Tol
- Affiliation Faculty of Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation (ITC), University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Albert Porcar-Castell
- Optics of Photosynthesis Laboratory, Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research (INAR)/Forest Sciences, Viikki Plant Science Center (ViPS), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Troy Magney
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Lixin Wang
- Department of Earth Sciences, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI), Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Leiqiu Hu
- Department of Atmospheric and Earth Science, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, Alabama, USA
| | - Uwe Rascher
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany
| | - Pablo Zarco-Tejada
- School of Agriculture and Food (SAF-FVAS) and Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology (IE-FEIT), University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Christopher B Barrett
- Charles H. Dyson School of Applied Economics and Management, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Jiameng Lai
- School of Integrative Plant Science, Soil and Crop Sciences Section, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Jimei Han
- School of Integrative Plant Science, Soil and Crop Sciences Section, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Zhenqi Luo
- School of Integrative Plant Science, Soil and Crop Sciences Section, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
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3
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Shi S, Yang P, van der Tol C. Spatial-temporal dynamics of land surface phenology over Africa for the period of 1982-2015. Heliyon 2023; 9:e16413. [PMID: 37484377 PMCID: PMC10360589 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Knowledge of the dynamics of vegetation phenology is essential for the understanding of vegetation-climate interactions. Although the interest in phenology study is growing, vegetation phenology in Africa received far less attention compared to the Northern Hemisphere. Africa straddles the northern and southern hemispheres, and the climate has a clear latitudinal gradient, which facilitates the study of the interaction between phenology and climate. In this study, the latitudinal and longitudinal gradients and temporal trends of start of growing season (SOS), peak of growing season (POS), and end of growing season (EOS) were examined using long-term satellite dataset during 1982-2015. The latitudinal variations in these phenology metrics were larger in the northern than those in the southern Africa, especially from 6°N northwards to 16°N. The latitudinal variations in southern Africa had no clear patterns due to the more complex climate systems. For the longitudinal variation, the temporal trends in POS and EOS exhibited a gradient-decreasing rate in northern Africa. Over the period from 1982 to 2015, the overall trends of the phenology in Africa were 'later SOS', 'later POS', and 'later EOS'. The faster rate of delay in EOS than in SOS resulted in a prolonged length of growing season (LOS) with 0.50 days/year on average in northern Africa, while a slower rate of delay in EOS than in SOS resulted in a shorter LOS with -0.12 days/year in southern Africa. The prolonged LOS in northern Africa contributes to the increase in the yearly-averaged Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) from 1982 to 2000. Nevertheless, the NDVI appeared to have reached saturation around the 2000s, although the LOS was still extending after 2000s. Overall, the findings of this study provide an overall view of the spatial and temporal patterns of land surface phenology in the African continent, and a necessary component for future studies on the response of phenology to climate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siqi Shi
- Faculty of Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation (ITC), University of Twente, PO Box 217, Enschede 7500 AE, the Netherlands
| | - Peiqi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environment, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, Nanjing, China
| | - Christiaan van der Tol
- Faculty of Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation (ITC), University of Twente, PO Box 217, Enschede 7500 AE, the Netherlands
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Berger K, Machwitz M, Kycko M, Kefauver SC, Van Wittenberghe S, Gerhards M, Verrelst J, Atzberger C, van der Tol C, Damm A, Rascher U, Herrmann I, Paz VS, Fahrner S, Pieruschka R, Prikaziuk E, Buchaillot ML, Halabuk A, Celesti M, Koren G, Gormus ET, Rossini M, Foerster M, Siegmann B, Abdelbaki A, Tagliabue G, Hank T, Darvishzadeh R, Aasen H, Garcia M, Pôças I, Bandopadhyay S, Sulis M, Tomelleri E, Rozenstein O, Filchev L, Stancile G, Schlerf M. Multi-sensor spectral synergies for crop stress detection and monitoring in the optical domain: A review. Remote Sens Environ 2022; 280:113198. [PMID: 36090616 PMCID: PMC7613382 DOI: 10.1016/j.rse.2022.113198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Remote detection and monitoring of the vegetation responses to stress became relevant for sustainable agriculture. Ongoing developments in optical remote sensing technologies have provided tools to increase our understanding of stress-related physiological processes. Therefore, this study aimed to provide an overview of the main spectral technologies and retrieval approaches for detecting crop stress in agriculture. Firstly, we present integrated views on: i) biotic and abiotic stress factors, the phases of stress, and respective plant responses, and ii) the affected traits, appropriate spectral domains and corresponding methods for measuring traits remotely. Secondly, representative results of a systematic literature analysis are highlighted, identifying the current status and possible future trends in stress detection and monitoring. Distinct plant responses occurring under shortterm, medium-term or severe chronic stress exposure can be captured with remote sensing due to specific light interaction processes, such as absorption and scattering manifested in the reflected radiance, i.e. visible (VIS), near infrared (NIR), shortwave infrared, and emitted radiance, i.e. solar-induced fluorescence and thermal infrared (TIR). From the analysis of 96 research papers, the following trends can be observed: increasing usage of satellite and unmanned aerial vehicle data in parallel with a shift in methods from simpler parametric approaches towards more advanced physically-based and hybrid models. Most study designs were largely driven by sensor availability and practical economic reasons, leading to the common usage of VIS-NIR-TIR sensor combinations. The majority of reviewed studies compared stress proxies calculated from single-source sensor domains rather than using data in a synergistic way. We identified new ways forward as guidance for improved synergistic usage of spectral domains for stress detection: (1) combined acquisition of data from multiple sensors for analysing multiple stress responses simultaneously (holistic view); (2) simultaneous retrieval of plant traits combining multi-domain radiative transfer models and machine learning methods; (3) assimilation of estimated plant traits from distinct spectral domains into integrated crop growth models. As a future outlook, we recommend combining multiple remote sensing data streams into crop model assimilation schemes to build up Digital Twins of agroecosystems, which may provide the most efficient way to detect the diversity of environmental and biotic stresses and thus enable respective management decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katja Berger
- Image Processing Laboratory (IPL), University of Valencia, C/Catedrático José Beltrán 2, Paterna 46980, Valencia, Spain
- Department of Geography, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU), Luisenstr. 37, 80333 Munich, Germany
| | - Miriam Machwitz
- Remote Sensing and Natural Resources Modelling Group, Environmental Research and Innovation Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), 41, rue du Brill, L-4422 Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Marlena Kycko
- Department of Geoinformatics Cartography and Remote Sensing, Chair of Geomatics and Information Systems, Faculty of Geography and Regional Studies, University of Warsaw, 00-927 Warszawa, Poland
| | - Shawn C. Kefauver
- Integrative Crop Ecophysiology Group, Plant Physiology Section, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- AGROTECNIO (Center for Research in Agrotechnology), Av. Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - Shari Van Wittenberghe
- Image Processing Laboratory (IPL), University of Valencia, C/Catedrático José Beltrán 2, Paterna 46980, Valencia, Spain
| | - Max Gerhards
- Earth Observation and Climate Processes, Trier University, 54286 Trier, Germany
| | - Jochem Verrelst
- Image Processing Laboratory (IPL), University of Valencia, C/Catedrático José Beltrán 2, Paterna 46980, Valencia, Spain
| | - Clement Atzberger
- Institute of Geomatics, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna (BOKU), Peter Jordan Str. 82, 1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Christiaan van der Tol
- Faculty Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation, ITC, University of Twente, the Netherlands
| | - Alexander Damm
- Department of Geography, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Überlandstrasse 133, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Uwe Rascher
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, Plant Sciences (IBG-2), Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52428 Jülich, Germany
| | - Ittai Herrmann
- The Plant Sensing Laboratory, The Robert H. Smith Institute for Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, P.O. Box 12, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Veronica Sobejano Paz
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Sven Fahrner
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, Plant Sciences (IBG-2), Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52428 Jülich, Germany
| | - Roland Pieruschka
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, Plant Sciences (IBG-2), Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52428 Jülich, Germany
| | - Egor Prikaziuk
- Faculty Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation, ITC, University of Twente, the Netherlands
| | - Ma. Luisa Buchaillot
- Integrative Crop Ecophysiology Group, Plant Physiology Section, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- AGROTECNIO (Center for Research in Agrotechnology), Av. Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - Andrej Halabuk
- Institute of Landscape Ecology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 814 99 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Marco Celesti
- HE Space for ESA - European Space Agency, European Space Research and Technology Centre (ESA-ESTEC), Keplerlaan 1, 2201, AZ Noordwijk, the Netherlands
| | - Gerbrand Koren
- Copernicus Institute of Sustainable Development, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Esra Tunc Gormus
- Department of Geomatics Engineering, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080 Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Micol Rossini
- Remote Sensing of Environmental Dynamics Laboratory (LTDA), University of Milano - Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 1, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - Michael Foerster
- Geoinformation in Environmental Planning Lab, Technische Universität Berlin, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Bastian Siegmann
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, Plant Sciences (IBG-2), Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52428 Jülich, Germany
| | - Asmaa Abdelbaki
- Earth Observation and Climate Processes, Trier University, 54286 Trier, Germany
| | - Giulia Tagliabue
- Remote Sensing of Environmental Dynamics Laboratory (LTDA), University of Milano - Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 1, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - Tobias Hank
- Department of Geography, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU), Luisenstr. 37, 80333 Munich, Germany
| | - Roshanak Darvishzadeh
- Faculty Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation, ITC, University of Twente, the Netherlands
| | - Helge Aasen
- Earth Observation and Analysis of Agroecosystems Team, Division Agroecology and Environment, Agroscope, Zurich, Switzerland
- Institute of Agricultural Science, ETH Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Monica Garcia
- Research Centre for the Management of Agricultural and Environmental Risks (CEIGRAM), ETSIAAB, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040, Spain
| | - Isabel Pôças
- ForestWISE - Collaborative Laboratory for Integrated Forest & Fire Management, Quinta de Prados, Campus da UTAD, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | | | - Mauro Sulis
- Remote Sensing and Natural Resources Modelling Group, Environmental Research and Innovation Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), 41, rue du Brill, L-4422 Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Enrico Tomelleri
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bozen/Bolzano, Italy
| | - Offer Rozenstein
- Institute of Soil, Water and Environmental Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization—Volcani Institute, HaMaccabim Road 68, P.O. Box 15159, Rishon LeZion 7528809, Israel
| | - Lachezar Filchev
- Space Research and Technology Institute, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences (SRTI-BAS), Bulgaria
| | - Gheorghe Stancile
- National Meteorological Administration, Building A, Soseaua Bucuresti-Ploiesti 97, 013686 Bucuresti, Romania
| | - Martin Schlerf
- Remote Sensing and Natural Resources Modelling Group, Environmental Research and Innovation Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), 41, rue du Brill, L-4422 Belvaux, Luxembourg
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Antala M, Juszczak R, van der Tol C, Rastogi A. Impact of climate change-induced alterations in peatland vegetation phenology and composition on carbon balance. Sci Total Environ 2022; 827:154294. [PMID: 35247401 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Global climate is changing faster than humankind has ever experienced. Model-based predictions of future climate are becoming more complex and precise, but they still lack crucial information about the reaction of some important ecosystems, such as peatlands. Peatlands belong to one of the largest carbon stores on the Earth. They are mostly distributed in high latitudes, where the temperature rises faster than in the other parts of the planet. Warmer climate and changes in precipitation patterns cause changes in the composition and phenology of peatland vegetation. Peat mosses are becoming less abundant, vascular plants cover is increasing, and the vegetation season and phenophases of vascular plants start sooner. The alterations in vegetation cause changes in the carbon assimilation and release of greenhouse gases. Therefore, this article reviews the impact of climate change-induced alterations in peatland vegetation phenology and composition on future climate and the uncertainties that need to be addressed for more accurate climate prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Antala
- Laboratory of Bioclimatology, Department of Ecology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Environmental Engineering and Mechanical Engineering, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Piątkowska 94, 60-649 Poznań, Poland
| | - Radoslaw Juszczak
- Laboratory of Bioclimatology, Department of Ecology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Environmental Engineering and Mechanical Engineering, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Piątkowska 94, 60-649 Poznań, Poland
| | - Christiaan van der Tol
- Faculty of Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation (ITC), University of Twente, 7500 AE Enschede, the Netherlands
| | - Anshu Rastogi
- Laboratory of Bioclimatology, Department of Ecology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Environmental Engineering and Mechanical Engineering, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Piątkowska 94, 60-649 Poznań, Poland; Faculty of Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation (ITC), University of Twente, 7500 AE Enschede, the Netherlands.
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6
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Martini D, Sakowska K, Wohlfahrt G, Pacheco-Labrador J, van der Tol C, Porcar-Castell A, Magney TS, Carrara A, Colombo R, El-Madany TS, Gonzalez-Cascon R, Martín MP, Julitta T, Moreno G, Rascher U, Reichstein M, Rossini M, Migliavacca M. Heatwave breaks down the linearity between sun-induced fluorescence and gross primary production. New Phytol 2022; 233:2415-2428. [PMID: 34921419 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Sun-induced fluorescence in the far-red region (SIF) is increasingly used as a remote and proximal-sensing tool capable of tracking vegetation gross primary production (GPP). However, the use of SIF to probe changes in GPP is challenged during extreme climatic events, such as heatwaves. Here, we examined how the 2018 European heatwave (HW) affected the GPP-SIF relationship in evergreen broadleaved trees with a relatively invariant canopy structure. To do so, we combined canopy-scale SIF measurements, GPP estimated from an eddy covariance tower, and active pulse amplitude modulation fluorescence. The HW caused an inversion of the photosynthesis-fluorescence relationship at both the canopy and leaf scales. The highly nonlinear relationship was strongly shaped by nonphotochemical quenching (NPQ), that is, a dissipation mechanism to protect from the adverse effects of high light intensity. During the extreme heat stress, plants experienced a saturation of NPQ, causing a change in the allocation of energy dissipation pathways towards SIF. Our results show the complex modulation of the NPQ-SIF-GPP relationship at an extreme level of heat stress, which is not completely represented in state-of-the-art coupled radiative transfer and photosynthesis models.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Martini
- Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Karolina Sakowska
- Institute of BioEconomy, National Research Council (IBE-CNR), 38010, San Michele all'Adige (TN), Italy
| | - Georg Wohlfahrt
- Department of Ecology, University of Innsbruck, Sternwartestrasse 15, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | - Christiaan van der Tol
- Faculty of Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation (ITC), University of Twente, 7500 AE, Enschede, the Netherlands
| | - Albert Porcar-Castell
- Optics of Photosynthesis Laboratory, Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research (INAR/Forest Sciences) and Viikki Plant Science Center, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Troy S Magney
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Arnaud Carrara
- Centro De Estudios Ambientales Del Mediterráneo, 46980, Valencia, Spain
| | - Roberto Colombo
- Earth and Environmental Sciences Department, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Rosario Gonzalez-Cascon
- Department of Environment, National Institute for Agriculture and Food Research and Technology (INIA), 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Pilar Martín
- Environmental Remote Sensing and Spectroscopy Laboratory (SpecLab), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), 28037, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Uwe Rascher
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, IBG-2: Plant Sciences, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | | | - Micol Rossini
- Earth and Environmental Sciences Department, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Mirco Migliavacca
- Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, 07745, Jena, Germany
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Ispra (VA), 21027, Italy
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7
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Campbell P, Middleton E, Huemmrich K, Ward L, Julitta T, Yang P, van der Tol C, Daughtry C, Russ A, Alfieri J, Kustas W. Scaling photosynthetic function and CO 2 dynamics from leaf to canopy level for maize - dataset combining diurnal and seasonal measurements of vegetation fluorescence, reflectance and vegetation indices with canopy gross ecosystem productivity. Data Brief 2021; 39:107600. [PMID: 34901341 PMCID: PMC8640226 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2021.107600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in leaf fluorescence measurements and canopy proximal remote sensing currently enable the non-destructive collection of rich diurnal and seasonal time series, which are required for monitoring vegetation function at the temporal and spatial scales relevant to the natural dynamics of photosynthesis. Remote sensing assessments of vegetation function have traditionally used actively excited foliar chlorophyll fluorescence measurements, canopy optical reflectance data and vegetation indices (VIs), and only recently passive solar induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) measurements. In general, reflectance data are more sensitive to the seasonal variations in canopy chlorophyll content and foliar biomass, while fluorescence observations more closely relate to the dynamic changes in plant photosynthetic function. With this dataset we link leaf level actively excited chlorophyll fluorescence, canopy proximal reflectance and SIF, with eddy covariance measurements of gross ecosystem productivity (GEP). The dataset was collected during the 2017 growing season on maize, using three automated systems (i.e., Monitoring Pulse-Amplitude-Modulation fluorimeter, Moni-PAM; Fluorescence Box, FloX; and from eddy covariance tower). The data were quality checked, filtered and collated to a common 30 minutes timestep. We derived vegetation indices related to canopy functioning (e.g., Photochemical Reflectance Index, PRI; Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, NDVI; Chlorophyll Red-edge, Clre) to investigate how SIF and VIs can be coupled for monitoring vegetation photosynthesis. The raw datasets and the filtered and collated data are provided to enable new processing and analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petya Campbell
- University of Maryland Baltimore County, MD, USA.,NASA Goddard Space and Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
| | | | - Karl Huemmrich
- University of Maryland Baltimore County, MD, USA.,NASA Goddard Space and Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
| | - Lauren Ward
- NASA Goddard Space and Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA.,University of Hawai'i at Mañoa, Hawai'i, USA
| | | | - Peiqi Yang
- University of Twente, Twente, the Netherland
| | | | | | - Andrew Russ
- USDA Agricultural Research Center, Beltsville, MD, USA
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8
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Siegmann B, Cendrero-Mateo MP, Cogliati S, Damm A, Gamon J, Herrera D, Jedmowski C, Junker-Frohn LV, Kraska T, Muller O, Rademske P, van der Tol C, Quiros-Vargas J, Yang P, Rascher U. Downscaling of far-red solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence of different crops from canopy to leaf level using a diurnal data set acquired by the airborne imaging spectrometer HyPlant. Remote Sens Environ 2021; 264:112609. [PMID: 34602655 PMCID: PMC8447579 DOI: 10.1016/j.rse.2021.112609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Remote sensing-based measurements of solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) are useful for assessing plant functioning at different spatial and temporal scales. SIF is the most direct measure of photosynthesis and is therefore considered important to advance capacity for the monitoring of gross primary production (GPP) while it has also been suggested that its yield facilitates the early detection of vegetation stress. However, due to the influence of different confounding effects, the apparent SIF signal measured at canopy level differs from the fluorescence emitted at leaf level, which makes its physiological interpretation challenging. One of these effects is the scattering of SIF emitted from leaves on its way through the canopy. The escape fraction ( f esc ) describes the scattering of SIF within the canopy and corresponds to the ratio of apparent SIF at canopy level to SIF at leaf level. In the present study, the fluorescence correction vegetation index (FCVI) was used to determine f esc of far-red SIF for three structurally different crops (sugar beet, winter wheat, and fruit trees) from a diurnal data set recorded by the airborne imaging spectrometer HyPlant. This unique data set, for the first time, allowed a joint analysis of spatial and temporal dynamics of structural effects and thus the downscaling of far-red SIF from canopy ( SIF 760 canopy ) to leaf level ( SIF 760 leaf ). For a homogeneous crop such as winter wheat, it seems to be sufficient to determine f esc once a day to reliably scale SIF760 from canopy to leaf level. In contrast, for more complex canopies such as fruit trees, calculating f esc for each observation time throughout the day is strongly recommended. The compensation for structural effects, in combination with normalizing SIF760 to remove the effect of incoming radiation, further allowed the estimation of SIF emission efficiency ( ε SIF ) at leaf level, a parameter directly related to the diurnal variations of plant photosynthetic efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bastian Siegmann
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, IBG-2: Plant Sciences, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Wilhelm-Johnen-Straße, 52428 Jülich, Germany
| | - Maria Pilar Cendrero-Mateo
- Laboratory of Earth Observation, Image Processing Laboratory, University of Valencia, C/ Catedrático José Beltrán, 2, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| | - Sergio Cogliati
- Remote Sensing of Environmental Dynamics Lab., DISAT, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 1, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - Alexander Damm
- Department of Geography, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - John Gamon
- Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences and Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, 11335 Saskatchewan Drive, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E3, Canada
- Center for Advanced Land Management Information Technologies, School of Natural Resources, University of Nebraska–Lincoln, 3310 Holdrege Street, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA
| | - David Herrera
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, IBG-2: Plant Sciences, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Wilhelm-Johnen-Straße, 52428 Jülich, Germany
| | - Christoph Jedmowski
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, IBG-2: Plant Sciences, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Wilhelm-Johnen-Straße, 52428 Jülich, Germany
| | - Laura Verena Junker-Frohn
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, IBG-2: Plant Sciences, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Wilhelm-Johnen-Straße, 52428 Jülich, Germany
| | - Thorsten Kraska
- Field Lab Campus Klein-Altendorf, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Bonn, Campus Klein-Altendorf 1, 53359 Rheinbach, Germany
| | - Onno Muller
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, IBG-2: Plant Sciences, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Wilhelm-Johnen-Straße, 52428 Jülich, Germany
| | - Patrick Rademske
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, IBG-2: Plant Sciences, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Wilhelm-Johnen-Straße, 52428 Jülich, Germany
| | - Christiaan van der Tol
- Faculty of Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation (ITC), University of Twente, Hengelosestraat 99, Enschede, 7500, AE, the Netherlands
| | - Juan Quiros-Vargas
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, IBG-2: Plant Sciences, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Wilhelm-Johnen-Straße, 52428 Jülich, Germany
| | - Peiqi Yang
- Faculty of Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation (ITC), University of Twente, Hengelosestraat 99, Enschede, 7500, AE, the Netherlands
| | - Uwe Rascher
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, IBG-2: Plant Sciences, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Wilhelm-Johnen-Straße, 52428 Jülich, Germany
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9
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Mohammed GH, Colombo R, Middleton EM, Rascher U, van der Tol C, Nedbal L, Goulas Y, Pérez-Priego O, Damm A, Meroni M, Joiner J, Cogliati S, Verhoef W, Malenovský Z, Gastellu-Etchegorry JP, Miller JR, Guanter L, Moreno J, Moya I, Berry JA, Frankenberg C, Zarco-Tejada PJ. Remote sensing of solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) in vegetation: 50 years of progress. Remote Sens Environ 2019; 231:111177. [PMID: 33414568 PMCID: PMC7787158 DOI: 10.1016/j.rse.2019.04.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Remote sensing of solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) is a rapidly advancing front in terrestrial vegetation science, with emerging capability in space-based methodologies and diverse application prospects. Although remote sensing of SIF - especially from space - is seen as a contemporary new specialty for terrestrial plants, it is founded upon a multi-decadal history of research, applications, and sensor developments in active and passive sensing of chlorophyll fluorescence. Current technical capabilities allow SIF to be measured across a range of biological, spatial, and temporal scales. As an optical signal, SIF may be assessed remotely using highly-resolved spectral sensors and state-of-the-art algorithms to distinguish the emission from reflected and/or scattered ambient light. Because the red to far-red SIF emission is detectable non-invasively, it may be sampled repeatedly to acquire spatio-temporally explicit information about photosynthetic light responses and steady-state behaviour in vegetation. Progress in this field is accelerating with innovative sensor developments, retrieval methods, and modelling advances. This review distills the historical and current developments spanning the last several decades. It highlights SIF heritage and complementarity within the broader field of fluorescence science, the maturation of physiological and radiative transfer modelling, SIF signal retrieval strategies, techniques for field and airborne sensing, advances in satellite-based systems, and applications of these capabilities in evaluation of photosynthesis and stress effects. Progress, challenges, and future directions are considered for this unique avenue of remote sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Roberto Colombo
- Remote Sensing of Environmental Dynamics Lab., University of Milano - Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Uwe Rascher
- Forschungszentrum Jülich, Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, IBG-2: Plant Sciences, Jülich, Germany
| | - Christiaan van der Tol
- University of Twente, Faculty of Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Ladislav Nedbal
- Forschungszentrum Jülich, Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, IBG-2: Plant Sciences, Jülich, Germany
| | - Yves Goulas
- CNRS, Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (LMD), Ecole Polytechnique, Palaiseau, France
| | - Oscar Pérez-Priego
- Department of Biogeochemical Integration, Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Jena, Germany
| | - Alexander Damm
- Department of Geography, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Duebendorf, Switzerland
| | - Michele Meroni
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Ispra (VA), Italy
| | - Joanna Joiner
- NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland, United States
| | - Sergio Cogliati
- Remote Sensing of Environmental Dynamics Lab., University of Milano - Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Wouter Verhoef
- University of Twente, Faculty of Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Zbyněk Malenovský
- Department of Geography and Spatial Sciences, School of Technology, Environments and Design, College of Sciences and Engineering, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | | | - John R. Miller
- Department of Earth and Space Science and Engineering, York University, Toronto, Canada
| | - Luis Guanter
- German Research Center for Geosciences (GFZ), Remote Sensing Section, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Jose Moreno
- Department of Earth Physics and Thermodynamics, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Ismael Moya
- CNRS, Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (LMD), Ecole Polytechnique, Palaiseau, France
| | - Joseph A. Berry
- Department of Global Ecology, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Stanford, California, United States
| | - Christian Frankenberg
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, United States
| | - Pablo J. Zarco-Tejada
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Ispra (VA), Italy
- Instituto de Agriculture Sostenible (IAS), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Córdoba, Spain
- Department of Infrastructure Engineering, Melbourne School of Engineering, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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10
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Odongo VO, van Oel PR, van der Tol C, Su Z. Impact of land use and land cover transitions and climate on evapotranspiration in the Lake Naivasha Basin, Kenya. Sci Total Environ 2019; 682:19-30. [PMID: 31108267 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.04.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Revised: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The Lake Naivasha Basin in Kenya has experienced significant land use cover changes (LUCC) that has been hypothesized to have altered the hydrological regime in recent decades. While it is generally recognized that LUCC will impact evapotranspiration (ET), the precise nature of such impact is not very well understood. This paper describes how land use conversions among grassland and croplands have influenced ET in the Lake Naivasha Basin for the period 2003 to 2012. MODIS data products were used in combination with the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) data sets to model ET using the Surface Energy Balance System (SEBS). The results indicate that conversions from grassland to cropland accounted for increases in ET of up to 12% while conversion from cropland back to grasslands (abandonment) reduced ET by ~4%. This suggests that recently cultivated agricultural lands could increase local water demands, while abandonment of the farms could decrease the water loss and eventually increase the water availability. Also, recovery of ET following re-conversion from cropland to grassland might be impeded due to delayed recovery of soil properties since parts of the catchment are continuously being transformed with no ample time given for soil recovery. The annual ET over the 10 years shows an estimated decline from 724 mm to 650 mm (~10%). This decline is largely explained by a reduction in net radiation, an increase in actual vapour pressure whose net effect also led to decrease in the surface-air temperature difference. These findings suggest that in order to better understand LUCC effects on water resources of Lake Naivasha, it is important to take into account the effect of LUCC and climate because large scale changes of vegetation type from grassland to cropland substantially will increase evapotranspiration with implications on the water balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Omondi Odongo
- Wageningen University & Research, Water Resources Management Group, P.O. Box 47, 6700 AA Wageningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Pieter Richard van Oel
- Wageningen University & Research, Water Resources Management Group, P.O. Box 47, 6700 AA Wageningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Christiaan van der Tol
- University of Twente, Faculty of Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation, Department of Water Resources, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, the Netherlands.
| | - Zhongbo Su
- University of Twente, Faculty of Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation, Department of Water Resources, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, the Netherlands.
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11
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Vilfan N, van der Tol C, Verhoef W. Estimating photosynthetic capacity from leaf reflectance and Chl fluorescence by coupling radiative transfer to a model for photosynthesis. New Phytol 2019; 223:487-500. [PMID: 30861144 PMCID: PMC6594113 DOI: 10.1111/nph.15782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
In photosynthesis models following the Farquhar formulation, the maximum carboxylation rate Vcmax is the key parameter. Remote-sensing indicators, such as reflectance ρ and Chl fluorescence (ChlF), have been proven as valuable estimators of photosynthetic capacity and can be used as a constraint to Vcmax estimation. We present a methodology to retrieve Vcmax from leaf ρ and ChlF by coupling a radiative transfer model, Fluspect, to a model for photosynthesis. We test its performance against a unique dataset, with combined leaf spectral, gas exchange and pulse-amplitude-modulated measurements. Our results show that the method can estimate the magnitude of Vcmax estimated from the far-red peak of ChlF and green ρ or transmittance τ, with values of root-mean-square error below 10 μmol CO2 m-2 s-1 . At the leaf level, the method could be used for detection of plant stress and tested against more extensive datasets. With a similar scheme devised for the higher spatial scales, such models could provide a comprehensive method to estimate the actual photosynthetic capacity of vegetation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nastassia Vilfan
- Wageningen University & Research Business unit Greenhouse Horticulture Droevendaalsesteeg 1WageningenNetherlands
| | - Christiaan van der Tol
- Wageningen University & Research Business unit Greenhouse Horticulture Droevendaalsesteeg 1WageningenNetherlands
| | - Wouter Verhoef
- Wageningen University & Research Business unit Greenhouse Horticulture Droevendaalsesteeg 1WageningenNetherlands
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12
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Migliavacca M, Perez-Priego O, Rossini M, El-Madany TS, Moreno G, van der Tol C, Rascher U, Berninger A, Bessenbacher V, Burkart A, Carrara A, Fava F, Guan JH, Hammer TW, Henkel K, Juarez-Alcalde E, Julitta T, Kolle O, Martín MP, Musavi T, Pacheco-Labrador J, Pérez-Burgueño A, Wutzler T, Zaehle S, Reichstein M. Plant functional traits and canopy structure control the relationship between photosynthetic CO 2 uptake and far-red sun-induced fluorescence in a Mediterranean grassland under different nutrient availability. New Phytol 2017; 214:1078-1091. [PMID: 28181244 DOI: 10.1111/nph.14437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2016] [Accepted: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Sun-induced fluorescence (SIF) in the far-red region provides a new noninvasive measurement approach that has the potential to quantify dynamic changes in light-use efficiency and gross primary production (GPP). However, the mechanistic link between GPP and SIF is not completely understood. We analyzed the structural and functional factors controlling the emission of SIF at 760 nm (F760 ) in a Mediterranean grassland manipulated with nutrient addition of nitrogen (N), phosphorous (P) or nitrogen-phosphorous (NP). Using the soil-canopy observation of photosynthesis and energy (SCOPE) model, we investigated how nutrient-induced changes in canopy structure (i.e. changes in plant forms abundance that influence leaf inclination distribution function, LIDF) and functional traits (e.g. N content in dry mass of leaves, N%, Chlorophyll a+b concentration (Cab) and maximum carboxylation capacity (Vcmax )) affected the observed linear relationship between F760 and GPP. We conclude that the addition of nutrients imposed a change in the abundance of different plant forms and biochemistry of the canopy that controls F760 . Changes in canopy structure mainly control the GPP-F760 relationship, with a secondary effect of Cab and Vcmax . In order to exploit F760 data to model GPP at the global/regional scale, canopy structural variability, biodiversity and functional traits are important factors that have to be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirco Migliavacca
- Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Hans Knöll Straße 10, Jena, D-07745, Germany
| | - Oscar Perez-Priego
- Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Hans Knöll Straße 10, Jena, D-07745, Germany
| | - Micol Rossini
- University of Milano Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 1, Milan, 20126, Italy
| | - Tarek S El-Madany
- Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Hans Knöll Straße 10, Jena, D-07745, Germany
| | - Gerardo Moreno
- INDEHESA-Forest Research Group, Universidad de Extremadura, Plasencia, 10600, Spain
| | - Christiaan van der Tol
- Department of Water Resources, Faculty of Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation (ITC), University of Twente, Enschede, 7500 AE, the Netherlands
| | - Uwe Rascher
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, IBG-2: Plant Sciences, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Leo-Brandt-Str., Jülich, 52425, Germany
| | - Anna Berninger
- Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Hans Knöll Straße 10, Jena, D-07745, Germany
| | - Verena Bessenbacher
- Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Hans Knöll Straße 10, Jena, D-07745, Germany
| | - Andreas Burkart
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, IBG-2: Plant Sciences, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Leo-Brandt-Str., Jülich, 52425, Germany
| | - Arnaud Carrara
- Fundación Centro de Estudios Ambientales del Mediterráneo (CEAM), Valencia, 46980, Spain
| | - Francesco Fava
- International Livestock Research Institute, Naivasha Rd, Nairobi, 30709, Kenya
| | - Jin-Hong Guan
- Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Hans Knöll Straße 10, Jena, D-07745, Germany
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on Loess Plateau, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Tiana W Hammer
- Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Hans Knöll Straße 10, Jena, D-07745, Germany
| | - Kathrin Henkel
- Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Hans Knöll Straße 10, Jena, D-07745, Germany
| | | | - Tommaso Julitta
- University of Milano Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 1, Milan, 20126, Italy
| | - Olaf Kolle
- Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Hans Knöll Straße 10, Jena, D-07745, Germany
| | - M Pilar Martín
- Environmental Remote Sensing and Spectroscopy Laboratory (SpecLab), Institute of Economics, Geography and Demography (IEGD), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Albasanz 26-28, Madrid, 28037, Spain
| | - Talie Musavi
- Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Hans Knöll Straße 10, Jena, D-07745, Germany
| | - Javier Pacheco-Labrador
- Environmental Remote Sensing and Spectroscopy Laboratory (SpecLab), Institute of Economics, Geography and Demography (IEGD), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Albasanz 26-28, Madrid, 28037, Spain
| | | | - Thomas Wutzler
- Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Hans Knöll Straße 10, Jena, D-07745, Germany
| | - Sönke Zaehle
- Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Hans Knöll Straße 10, Jena, D-07745, Germany
| | - Markus Reichstein
- Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Hans Knöll Straße 10, Jena, D-07745, Germany
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13
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Tian X, Li Z, Chen E, Liu Q, Yan G, Wang J, Niu Z, Zhao S, Li X, Pang Y, Su Z, van der Tol C, Liu Q, Wu C, Xiao Q, Yang L, Mu X, Bo Y, Qu Y, Zhou H, Gao S, Chai L, Huang H, Fan W, Li S, Bai J, Jiang L, Zhou J. The Complicate Observations and Multi-Parameter Land Information Constructions on Allied Telemetry Experiment (COMPLICATE). PLoS One 2015; 10:e0137545. [PMID: 26332035 PMCID: PMC4557998 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0137545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2015] [Accepted: 08/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The Complicate Observations and Multi-Parameter Land Information Constructions on Allied Telemetry Experiment (COMPLICATE) comprises a network of remote sensing experiments designed to enhance the dynamic analysis and modeling of remotely sensed information for complex land surfaces. Two types of experimental campaigns were established under the framework of COMPLICATE. The first was designed for continuous and elaborate experiments. The experimental strategy helps enhance our understanding of the radiative and scattering mechanisms of soil and vegetation and modeling of remotely sensed information for complex land surfaces. To validate the methodologies and models for dynamic analyses of remote sensing for complex land surfaces, the second campaign consisted of simultaneous satellite-borne, airborne, and ground-based experiments. During field campaigns, several continuous and intensive observations were obtained. Measurements were undertaken to answer key scientific issues, as follows: 1) Determine the characteristics of spatial heterogeneity and the radiative and scattering mechanisms of remote sensing on complex land surfaces. 2) Determine the mechanisms of spatial and temporal scale extensions for remote sensing on complex land surfaces. 3) Determine synergist inversion mechanisms for soil and vegetation parameters using multi-mode remote sensing on complex land surfaces. Here, we introduce the background, the objectives, the experimental designs, the observations and measurements, and the overall advances of COMPLICATE. As a result of the implementation of COMLICATE and for the next several years, we expect to contribute to quantitative remote sensing science and Earth observation techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Tian
- Research Institute of Forest Resource Information Techniques, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, P.R. China
- Faculty of Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Zengyuan Li
- Research Institute of Forest Resource Information Techniques, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, P.R. China
- * E-mail: (ZL); (EC)
| | - Erxue Chen
- Research Institute of Forest Resource Information Techniques, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, P.R. China
- * E-mail: (ZL); (EC)
| | - Qinhuo Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Guangjian Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Research Center for Remote Sensing and GIS, and School of Geography, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Jindi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Research Center for Remote Sensing and GIS, and School of Geography, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Zheng Niu
- The State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Shaojie Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Research Center for Remote Sensing and GIS, and School of Geography, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Xin Li
- Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Yong Pang
- Research Institute of Forest Resource Information Techniques, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Zhongbo Su
- Faculty of Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Christiaan van der Tol
- Faculty of Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Qingwang Liu
- Research Institute of Forest Resource Information Techniques, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Chaoyang Wu
- The State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Qing Xiao
- The State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Le Yang
- The State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Xihan Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Research Center for Remote Sensing and GIS, and School of Geography, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Yanchen Bo
- State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Research Center for Remote Sensing and GIS, and School of Geography, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Yonghua Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Research Center for Remote Sensing and GIS, and School of Geography, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Hongmin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Research Center for Remote Sensing and GIS, and School of Geography, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Shuai Gao
- The State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Linna Chai
- State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Research Center for Remote Sensing and GIS, and School of Geography, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Huaguo Huang
- Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Wenjie Fan
- Institute of Remote Sensing and Geographic Information System, Peking University, Beijing, P.R.China
| | - Shihua Li
- School of Resources and Environment, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, P.R.China
| | - Junhua Bai
- The State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Lingmei Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Research Center for Remote Sensing and GIS, and School of Geography, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Ji Zhou
- School of Resources and Environment, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, P.R.China
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14
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Lee JE, Berry JA, van der Tol C, Yang X, Guanter L, Damm A, Baker I, Frankenberg C. Simulations of chlorophyll fluorescence incorporated into the Community Land Model version 4. Glob Chang Biol 2015; 21:3469-77. [PMID: 25881891 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.12948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2015] [Revised: 02/21/2015] [Accepted: 03/02/2015] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Several studies have shown that satellite retrievals of solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) provide useful information on terrestrial photosynthesis or gross primary production (GPP). Here, we have incorporated equations coupling SIF to photosynthesis in a land surface model, the National Center for Atmospheric Research Community Land Model version 4 (NCAR CLM4), and have demonstrated its use as a diagnostic tool for evaluating the calculation of photosynthesis, a key process in a land surface model that strongly influences the carbon, water, and energy cycles. By comparing forward simulations of SIF, essentially as a byproduct of photosynthesis, in CLM4 with observations of actual SIF, it is possible to check whether the model is accurately representing photosynthesis and the processes coupled to it. We provide some background on how SIF is coupled to photosynthesis, describe how SIF was incorporated into CLM4, and demonstrate that our simulated relationship between SIF and GPP values are reasonable when compared with satellite (Greenhouse gases Observing SATellite; GOSAT) and in situ flux-tower measurements. CLM4 overestimates SIF in tropical forests, and we show that this error can be corrected by adjusting the maximum carboxylation rate (Vmax ) specified for tropical forests in CLM4. Our study confirms that SIF has the potential to improve photosynthesis simulation and thereby can play a critical role in improving land surface and carbon cycle models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Eun Lee
- Department of Earth, Environmental and Planetary Sciences, Brown University, P.O. Box 1846 324, Brook Street, Providence, RI, 02912, USA
| | - Joseph A Berry
- Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation, The University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
- Department of Global Ecology, Carnegie Institution of Washington, 260 Panama St., Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Christiaan van der Tol
- Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation, The University of Twente, P.O. Box 6-7500 AA, 7500 AE, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Xi Yang
- Department of Earth, Environmental and Planetary Sciences, Brown University, P.O. Box 1846 324, Brook Street, Providence, RI, 02912, USA
| | - Luis Guanter
- Helmholtz Centre Potsdam GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Telegrafenberg Building A 17, Room 20.22, 14473, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Alexander Damm
- Remote Sensing Laboratories, Department of Geography, University of Zurich, Irchel Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ian Baker
- Department of Atmospheric Science, Colorado State University, 200 West Lake Street, 1371 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO, 80523-1371, USA
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Zhang Y, Guanter L, Berry JA, Joiner J, van der Tol C, Huete A, Gitelson A, Voigt M, Köhler P. Estimation of vegetation photosynthetic capacity from space-based measurements of chlorophyll fluorescence for terrestrial biosphere models. Glob Chang Biol 2014; 20:3727-3742. [PMID: 24953485 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.12664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2014] [Revised: 06/09/2014] [Accepted: 06/11/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Photosynthesis simulations by terrestrial biosphere models are usually based on the Farquhar's model, in which the maximum rate of carboxylation (Vcmax ) is a key control parameter of photosynthetic capacity. Even though Vcmax is known to vary substantially in space and time in response to environmental controls, it is typically parameterized in models with tabulated values associated to plant functional types. Remote sensing can be used to produce a spatially continuous and temporally resolved view on photosynthetic efficiency, but traditional vegetation observations based on spectral reflectance lack a direct link to plant photochemical processes. Alternatively, recent space-borne measurements of sun-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) can offer an observational constraint on photosynthesis simulations. Here, we show that top-of-canopy SIF measurements from space are sensitive to Vcmax at the ecosystem level, and present an approach to invert Vcmax from SIF data. We use the Soil-Canopy Observation of Photosynthesis and Energy (SCOPE) balance model to derive empirical relationships between seasonal Vcmax and SIF which are used to solve the inverse problem. We evaluate our Vcmax estimation method at six agricultural flux tower sites in the midwestern US using spaced-based SIF retrievals. Our Vcmax estimates agree well with literature values for corn and soybean plants (average values of 37 and 101 μmol m(-2) s(-1) , respectively) and show plausible seasonal patterns. The effect of the updated seasonally varying Vcmax parameterization on simulated gross primary productivity (GPP) is tested by comparing to simulations with fixed Vcmax values. Validation against flux tower observations demonstrate that simulations of GPP and light use efficiency improve significantly when our time-resolved Vcmax estimates from SIF are used, with R(2) for GPP comparisons increasing from 0.85 to 0.93, and for light use efficiency from 0.44 to 0.83. Our results support the use of space-based SIF data as a proxy for photosynthetic capacity and suggest the potential for global, time-resolved estimates of Vcmax .
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongguang Zhang
- Institute for Space Sciences, Free University of Berlin, Berlin, 12165, Germany
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16
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Porcar-Castell A, Tyystjärvi E, Atherton J, van der Tol C, Flexas J, Pfündel EE, Moreno J, Frankenberg C, Berry JA. Linking chlorophyll a fluorescence to photosynthesis for remote sensing applications: mechanisms and challenges. J Exp Bot 2014; 65:4065-95. [PMID: 24868038 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eru191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 282] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Chlorophyll a fluorescence (ChlF) has been used for decades to study the organization, functioning, and physiology of photosynthesis at the leaf and subcellular levels. ChlF is now measurable from remote sensing platforms. This provides a new optical means to track photosynthesis and gross primary productivity of terrestrial ecosystems. Importantly, the spatiotemporal and methodological context of the new applications is dramatically different compared with most of the available ChlF literature, which raises a number of important considerations. Although we have a good mechanistic understanding of the processes that control the ChlF signal over the short term, the seasonal link between ChlF and photosynthesis remains obscure. Additionally, while the current understanding of in vivo ChlF is based on pulse amplitude-modulated (PAM) measurements, remote sensing applications are based on the measurement of the passive solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF), which entails important differences and new challenges that remain to be solved. In this review we introduce and revisit the physical, physiological, and methodological factors that control the leaf-level ChlF signal in the context of the new remote sensing applications. Specifically, we present the basis of photosynthetic acclimation and its optical signals, we introduce the physical and physiological basis of ChlF from the molecular to the leaf level and beyond, and we introduce and compare PAM and SIF methodology. Finally, we evaluate and identify the challenges that still remain to be answered in order to consolidate our mechanistic understanding of the remotely sensed SIF signal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert Porcar-Castell
- Department of Forest Sciences, University of Helsinki, PO Box 27, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Esa Tyystjärvi
- Molecular Plant Biology, Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Jon Atherton
- Department of Forest Sciences, University of Helsinki, PO Box 27, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Jaume Flexas
- Plant Biology under Mediterranean Conditions, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Ctra. de Valldemossa Km. 7.5, 07122 Palma, Spain
| | | | - Jose Moreno
- Department of Earth Physics and Thermodynamics, Faculty of Physics, University of Valencia, C/ Dr. Moliner, 50, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
| | - Christian Frankenberg
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA
| | - Joseph A Berry
- Department of Global Ecology, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
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Li L, Chen X, van der Tol C, Luo G, Su Z. Growing season net ecosystem CO2 exchange of two desert ecosystems with alkaline soils in Kazakhstan. Ecol Evol 2013; 4:14-26. [PMID: 24455157 PMCID: PMC3894884 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2013] [Revised: 10/28/2013] [Accepted: 11/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Central Asia is covered by vast desert ecosystems, and the majority of these ecosystems have alkaline soils. Their contribution to global net ecosystem CO2 exchange (NEE) is of significance simply because of their immense spatial extent. Some of the latest research reported considerable abiotic CO2 absorption by alkaline soil, but the rate of CO2 absorption has been questioned by peer communities. To investigate the issue of carbon cycle in Central Asian desert ecosystems with alkaline soils, we have measured the NEE using eddy covariance (EC) method at two alkaline sites during growing season in Kazakhstan. The diurnal course of mean monthly NEE followed a clear sinusoidal pattern during growing season at both sites. Both sites showed significant net carbon uptake during daytime on sunny days with high photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) but net carbon loss at nighttime and on cloudy and rainy days. NEE has strong dependency on PAR and the response of NEE to precipitation resulted in an initial and significant carbon release to the atmosphere, similar to other ecosystems. These findings indicate that biotic processes dominated the carbon processes, and the contribution of abiotic carbon process to net ecosystem CO2 exchange may be trivial in alkaline soil desert ecosystems over Central Asia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longhui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences Urumqi, China ; Faculty of Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation (ITC), University of Twente Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Xi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences Urumqi, China
| | - Christiaan van der Tol
- Faculty of Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation (ITC), University of Twente Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Geping Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences Urumqi, China
| | - Zhongbo Su
- Faculty of Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation (ITC), University of Twente Enschede, The Netherlands
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Lee JE, Frankenberg C, van der Tol C, Berry JA, Guanter L, Boyce CK, Fisher JB, Morrow E, Worden JR, Asefi S, Badgley G, Saatchi S. Forest productivity and water stress in Amazonia: observations from GOSAT chlorophyll fluorescence. Proc Biol Sci 2013; 280:20130171. [PMID: 23760636 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2013.0171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 197] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
It is unclear to what extent seasonal water stress impacts on plant productivity over Amazonia. Using new Greenhouse gases Observing SATellite (GOSAT) satellite measurements of sun-induced chlorophyll fluorescence, we show that midday fluorescence varies with water availability, both of which decrease in the dry season over Amazonian regions with substantial dry season length, suggesting a parallel decrease in gross primary production (GPP). Using additional SeaWinds Scatterometer onboard QuikSCAT satellite measurements of canopy water content, we found a concomitant decrease in daily storage of canopy water content within branches and leaves during the dry season, supporting our conclusion. A large part (r(2) = 0.75) of the variance in observed monthly midday fluorescence from GOSAT is explained by water stress over moderately stressed evergreen forests over Amazonia, which is reproduced by model simulations that include a full physiological representation of photosynthesis and fluorescence. The strong relationship between GOSAT and model fluorescence (r(2) = 0.79) was obtained using a fixed leaf area index, indicating that GPP changes are more related to environmental conditions than chlorophyll contents. When the dry season extended to drought in 2010 over Amazonia, midday basin-wide GPP was reduced by 15 per cent compared with 2009.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Eun Lee
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA.
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Timmermans J, Ambro Gieske A, van der Tol C, Verhoef W, Su Z. Automated directional measurement system for the acquisition of thermal radiative measurements of vegetative canopies. Sensors (Basel) 2009; 9:1409-22. [PMID: 22573962 PMCID: PMC3345831 DOI: 10.3390/s90301409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2009] [Revised: 02/25/2009] [Accepted: 03/03/2009] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The potential for directional optical and thermal imagery is very large. Field measurements have been performed with a goniometer on which thermal instruments were attached. In order to reduce dynamical effects the goniometer was adjusted to run in automated mode, for zenith and azimuthal direction. Directional measurements were performed over various crops with increasing heterogeneity. The improvements to the goniometer proved successful. For all the crops, except the vineyard, the acquisition of the directional thermal brightness temperatures of the crops went successfully. The large scale heterogeneity of the vineyard proved to be larger then the goniometer was capable of. The potential of directional thermal brightness temperatures has been proven.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joris Timmermans
- International Institute for Geo-Information Sciences and Earth Observation (ITC) / Hengelosestr. 99, P.O. Box 6, 7500 AA Enschede, the Netherlands; E-Mails: (A.G.); (C.T.); (W.V.); (Z.S.)
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +31 (0)53 4874327; Fax: +31 (0)53 4874336
| | - A.S.M. Ambro Gieske
- International Institute for Geo-Information Sciences and Earth Observation (ITC) / Hengelosestr. 99, P.O. Box 6, 7500 AA Enschede, the Netherlands; E-Mails: (A.G.); (C.T.); (W.V.); (Z.S.)
| | - Christiaan van der Tol
- International Institute for Geo-Information Sciences and Earth Observation (ITC) / Hengelosestr. 99, P.O. Box 6, 7500 AA Enschede, the Netherlands; E-Mails: (A.G.); (C.T.); (W.V.); (Z.S.)
| | - Wout Verhoef
- International Institute for Geo-Information Sciences and Earth Observation (ITC) / Hengelosestr. 99, P.O. Box 6, 7500 AA Enschede, the Netherlands; E-Mails: (A.G.); (C.T.); (W.V.); (Z.S.)
- National Aerospace Laboratory (NLR) / NLR Amsterdam, Anthony Fokkerweg 2, 1059 CM, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Zhongbo Su
- International Institute for Geo-Information Sciences and Earth Observation (ITC) / Hengelosestr. 99, P.O. Box 6, 7500 AA Enschede, the Netherlands; E-Mails: (A.G.); (C.T.); (W.V.); (Z.S.)
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