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Neumann AS, Soyka MB, Rushing EJ, Röösli C. Gustatory Function of Patients With and Without Cholesteatoma Undergoing Middle Ear Surgery. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 2023; 132:1068-1076. [PMID: 36285616 PMCID: PMC10359952 DOI: 10.1177/00034894221129911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare measured and perceived taste function before and after surgery of patients with chronic otitis media with cholesteatoma (OMCC) to patients without cholesteatoma (patients with chronic suppurative otitis media [CSOM] and patients with lateral skull base lesions [LSB]). METHODS This prospective cohort study included 29 patients undergoing surgery for unilateral OMCC. The chorda tympani nerve (CTN) was resected in 8 of these patients. Fourteen patients undergoing surgery for unilateral CSOM and 5 patients undergoing surgery for unilateral LSB (with CTN resection) served as the comparison group. Taste function was measured using taste strips on both sides of the tongue before surgery, 2 weeks postoperatively and 3 months postoperatively. The affected side of the tongue was compared to the unaffected side. A questionnaire on taste perception was completed at each visit. RESULTS Preoperatively, cholesteatoma patients showed higher taste strip scores than non-cholesteatoma patients, indicating a larger difference between the healthy and affected sides of the tongue. Despite this difference in measured taste function few cholesteatoma patients reported taste alteration before surgery (3/29 [10.3%]). Postoperatively, patients with CTN resection (OMCC patients with CTN resection and LSB patients) showed a decreased measured taste function. Subjectively, only approximately 20% of these patients reported taste alteration 3 months postoperatively. CONCLUSIONS Before surgery, cholesteatoma patients displayed an impaired measured taste function compared to patients without cholesteatoma (CSOM, LSB). Subjectively this was often unnoticed. After surgery, despite removal of the CTN and consequent reduction of measured taste function, few patients reported taste alteration and subjective taste perception was seen to be improving. In regards to middle ear surgery, perceived taste function does not seem to reflect measured gustatory function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Sophie Neumann
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Michael B Soyka
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Elisabeth J Rushing
- Department of Neuropathology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Christof Röösli
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
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2
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Gallon J, Rodriguez-Calero A, Benjak A, Akhoundova D, Maletti S, Amstutz U, Hewer E, Genitsch V, Fleischmann A, Rushing EJ, Grobholz R, Fischer I, Jochum W, Cathomas G, Osunkoya AO, Bubendorf L, Moch H, Thalmann G, Feng FY, Gillessen S, Ng CK, Rubin MA, Piscuoglio S. DNA Methylation Landscapes of Prostate Cancer Brain Metastasis Are Shaped by Early Driver Genetic Alterations. Cancer Res 2023; 83:1203-1213. [PMID: 36749655 PMCID: PMC10102845 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-22-2236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Metastases from primary prostate cancers to rare locations, such as the brain, are becoming more common due to longer life expectancy resulting from improved treatments. Epigenetic dysregulation is a feature of primary prostate cancer, and distinct DNA methylation profiles have been shown to be associated with the mutually exclusive SPOP-mutant or TMPRSS2-ERG fusion genetic backgrounds. Using a cohort of prostate cancer brain metastases (PCBM) from 42 patients, with matched primary tumors for 17 patients, we carried out a DNA methylation analysis to examine the epigenetic distinction between primary prostate cancer and PCBM, the association between epigenetic alterations and mutational background, and particular epigenetic alterations that may be associated with PCBM. Multiregion sampling of PCBM revealed epigenetic stability within metastases. Aberrant methylation in PCBM was associated with mutational background and PRC2 complex activity, an effect that is particularly pronounced in SPOP-mutant PCBM. While PCBM displayed a CpG island hypermethylator phenotype, hypomethylation at the promoters of genes involved in neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction and cell adhesion molecules such as GABRB3, CLDN8, and CLDN4 was also observed, suggesting that cells from primary tumors may require specific reprogramming to form brain metastasis. This study revealed the DNA methylation landscapes of PCBM and the potential mechanisms and effects of PCBM-associated aberrant DNA methylation. SIGNIFICANCE DNA methylation analysis reveals the molecular characteristics of PCBM and may serve as a starting point for efforts to identify and target susceptibilities of these rare metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Gallon
- Visceral Surgery and Precision Medicine Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Antonio Rodriguez-Calero
- Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Andrej Benjak
- Visceral Surgery and Precision Medicine Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Dilara Akhoundova
- Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Medical Oncology, Inselspital, University Hospital of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Sina Maletti
- Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Ursula Amstutz
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Ekkehard Hewer
- Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Vera Genitsch
- Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Achim Fleischmann
- Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Institute of Pathology, Cantonal Hospital Thurgau, Münsterlingen, Switzerland
| | | | - Rainer Grobholz
- Institute of Pathology, Cantonal Hospital Aarau, Aarau, Switzerland
| | - Ingeborg Fischer
- Institute of Pathology, Cantonal Hospital Aarau, Aarau, Switzerland
| | - Wolfram Jochum
- Institute of Pathology, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Gieri Cathomas
- Institute of Pathology, Cantonal Hospital Baselland, Liestal, Switzerland
| | - Adeboye O. Osunkoya
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
- Department of Urology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Lukas Bubendorf
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Holger Moch
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - George Thalmann
- Department of Urology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Felix Y. Feng
- UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Silke Gillessen
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, USI, Lugano, Switzerland
- Department of Oncology, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland
- Division of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Charlotte K.Y. Ng
- Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Bern Center for Precision Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Mark A. Rubin
- Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Bern Center for Precision Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Salvatore Piscuoglio
- Visceral Surgery and Precision Medicine Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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3
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Mueller T, Laternser S, Guerreiro Stücklin AS, Gerber NU, Mourabit S, Rizo M, Rushing EJ, Kottke R, Grotzer M, Krayenbühl N, Nazarian J, Mueller S. Real-time drug testing of paediatric diffuse midline glioma to support clinical decision making: The Zurich DIPG/DMG centre experience. Eur J Cancer 2023; 178:171-179. [PMID: 36455411 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2022.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children diagnosed with diffuse midline gliomas (DMG) have an extremely poor overall survival: 9-12 months from diagnosis with currently no curative treatment options. Given DMG molecular heterogeneity, surgical biopsies are needed for molecular profiling and as part of enrolment into molecular-based and precision medicine type clinical interventions. In this study, we describe the results of real time profiling and drug testing at the diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma/DMG Research Centre at University Children's Hospital Zurich. METHOD Biopsies were taken using a frame based stereotactic robot system (NeuroMate®, Renishaw) at University Children's Hospital Zurich. Tissue samples were evaluated to confirm diagnosis by H3K27M and H3K27 trimethylation loss. Genomic analyses were done using a variety of platforms (INFORM, Oncomine, UCSF500 gene panel). Cell lines were developed by mechanical tissue dissociation and verified by either sequencing or immunofluorescence staining confirming H3K27M mutation and used afterwards for drug testing. RESULTS Twenty-five robot-assisted primary biopsies were successfully performed. Median hospital stay was 2 days (range 1-4 days). Nine low-passage patient-derived cells were developed, whereas 8 cell lines were used to inform response to clinically relevant drugs. Genome and RNA expression were used to further guide treatment strategies with targeted agents such as dual PI3K/mTOR inhibitor paxalisib. CONCLUSION We established a systematic workflow for safe, robot-assisted brainstem biopsies and in-house tissue processing, followed by real-time drug testing. This provides valuable insights into tumour prognostic and individual treatment strategies targeting relevant vulnerabilities in these tumours in a clinically meaningful time frame.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy Mueller
- Division of Oncology and Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sandra Laternser
- Division of Oncology and Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ana S Guerreiro Stücklin
- Division of Oncology and Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas U Gerber
- Division of Oncology and Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sulayman Mourabit
- Division of Oncology and Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Marion Rizo
- Division of Oncology and Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Raimund Kottke
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Michael Grotzer
- Division of Oncology and Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Niklaus Krayenbühl
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Javad Nazarian
- Division of Oncology and Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Children's National Health System, Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Washington, DC, 20010, USA
| | - Sabine Mueller
- Division of Oncology and Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Department Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA.
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4
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Borlin PR, Brazzola P, Frontzek K, Zanoni P, Morscher RJ, Hench J, Frank S, Kottke R, Rushing EJ, Goeggel Simonetti B, Steindl K, Guerreiro Stucklin AS. Cancer in children with biallelic BRCA1 variants and Fanconi anemia-like features: Report of a malignant brain tumor in a young child. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2022; 69:e29680. [PMID: 35373906 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.29680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Petra R Borlin
- Department of Oncology and Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Pierluigi Brazzola
- Clinic of Pediatrics, Pediatric Institute of Southern Switzerland, EOC, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Karl Frontzek
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Paolo Zanoni
- Institute of Medical Genetics, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Raphael J Morscher
- Department of Oncology and Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jurgen Hench
- Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology, Basel University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Stephan Frank
- Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology, Basel University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Raimund Kottke
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Elisabeth J Rushing
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Barbara Goeggel Simonetti
- Clinic of Pediatrics, Pediatric Institute of Southern Switzerland, EOC, Bellinzona, Switzerland.,Department of Neurology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Katharina Steindl
- Institute of Medical Genetics, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ana S Guerreiro Stucklin
- Department of Oncology and Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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5
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Gramatzki D, Weiss T, Hänsch L, Silginer M, Rushing EJ, Roth P, Gramatzki M, Peipp M, Weller M. P10.19.B An immunotoxin targeting CD317 for the treatment of glioblastoma. Neuro Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noac174.184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
CD317 is an interferon-inducible cell surface receptor expressed in several solid cancer types. HM1.24-ETA’ is a small immunotoxin with a CD317 single-chain variable fragment (svFv) antibody fused to a truncated version of Pseudomonas aeruginosa exotoxin A (ETA’) that is explored as a novel therapeutic approach in CD317-expressing tumors.
Material and Methods
CD317 mRNA expression in human gliomas and its association with survival was analyzed using the database of the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). CD317 protein levels in human gliomas were assessed by immunohistochemistry. CD317 mRNA expression was assessed by RT-PCR and CD317 protein levels by flow cytometry in 13 human glioma cell lines in vitro. Efficacy of HM1.24-ETA’ was analyzed in acute cytotoxicity assays in vitro. Finally, HM1.24-ETA’ was evaluated in the intracranial human LN-229 glioma xenograft nude mouse model after intravenous injection.
Results
Interrogation of the TCGA database showed that increased CD317 mRNA expression correlated with grade of malignancy among isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) wildtype and IDH-mutant gliomas. Enhanced CD317 mRNA expression was associated with inferior survival in glioblastoma and astrocytoma, IDH-mutant, WHO grade 4. Immunohistochemistry confirmed CD317 overexpression in human glioblastoma compared to lower grade astrocytomas. CD317 was expressed heterogeneously on mRNA and protein levels in glioma cell lines in vitro. HM1.24-ETA’ induced acute cytotoxicity in CD317-positive glioma cells in vitro. CD317 expression and susceptibility to HM1.24-ETA’-induced cell death were enhanced by interferon-β. HM1.24-ETA’ prolonged survival in the LN-229 xenograft nude mouse model.
Conclusion
These data define CD317 as a novel target for treatment of human gliomas with immunoconjugates.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Gramatzki
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuro-Oncology, Department of Neurology, Clinical Neuroscience Center, University Hospital and University of Zurich , Zurich , Switzerland
| | - T Weiss
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuro-Oncology, Department of Neurology, Clinical Neuroscience Center, University Hospital and University of Zurich , Zurich , Switzerland
| | - L Hänsch
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuro-Oncology, Department of Neurology, Clinical Neuroscience Center, University Hospital and University of Zurich , Zurich , Switzerland
| | - M Silginer
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuro-Oncology, Department of Neurology, Clinical Neuroscience Center, University Hospital and University of Zurich , Zurich , Switzerland
| | - E J Rushing
- Department of Neuropathology, University Hospital Zurich , Zurich , Switzerland
| | - P Roth
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuro-Oncology, Department of Neurology, Clinical Neuroscience Center, University Hospital and University of Zurich , Zurich , Switzerland
| | - M Gramatzki
- Division of Stem Cell Transplantation and Immunotherapy, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel , Kiel , Germany
| | - M Peipp
- Division of Stem Cell Transplantation and Immunotherapy, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel , Kiel , Germany
| | - M Weller
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuro-Oncology, Department of Neurology, Clinical Neuroscience Center, University Hospital and University of Zurich , Zurich , Switzerland
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6
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Targosinski S, Henzi A, Engmann AK, Rushing EJ, Barth AA, Klein HJ, Kim BS, Giovanoli P, Schwab ME, Plock JA, Schweizer R. A swim test for functional assessment of rodent peripheral nerve regeneration. J Neurosci Methods 2022; 379:109663. [PMID: 35809863 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2022.109663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Targosinski
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery, UniversitätsSpital Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Anna Henzi
- Institute of Neuropathology, UniversitätsSpital Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Anne K Engmann
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Switzerland; Brain Research Institute, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - André A Barth
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery, UniversitätsSpital Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Holger J Klein
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery, UniversitätsSpital Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau, Switzerland
| | - Bong-Sung Kim
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery, UniversitätsSpital Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Pietro Giovanoli
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery, UniversitätsSpital Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Martin E Schwab
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jan A Plock
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery, UniversitätsSpital Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau, Switzerland
| | - Riccardo Schweizer
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery, UniversitätsSpital Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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7
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Eisele A, Seystahl K, Rushing EJ, Roth P, Le Rhun E, Weller M, Gramatzki D. Venous thromboembolic events in glioblastoma patients: an epidemiological study. Eur J Neurol 2022; 29:2386-2397. [PMID: 35545894 PMCID: PMC9543144 DOI: 10.1111/ene.15404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Background and purpose Venous thromboembolic events (VTEs) are a major complication in cancer patients, and therefore, also in brain cancer patients, anticoagulants are considered appropriate in the treatment of VTEs. Methods Frequency, risk factors, and treatment of VTEs, as well as associated complications, were assessed in a population‐based cohort of glioblastoma patients in the Canton of Zurich, Switzerland. Correlations between clinical data and survival were retrospectively analyzed using the log‐rank test and Cox regression models. Results Four hundred fourteen glioblastoma patients with isocitrate dehydrogenase wild‐type status were identified. VTEs were documented in 65 patients (15.7%). Median time from tumor diagnosis to the occurrence of a VTE was 1.8 months, and 27 patients were diagnosed with VTEs postoperatively (within 35 days; 42.2%). History of a prior VTE was more common in patients who developed VTEs than in those who did not (p = 0.004). Bevacizumab treatment at any time during the disease course was not associated with occurrence of VTEs (p = 0.593). Most patients with VTEs (n = 61, 93.8%) were treated with therapeutic anticoagulation. Complications occurred in 14 patients (23.0%), mainly intracranial hemorrhages (n = 7, 11.5%). Overall survival did not differ between patients diagnosed with VTEs and those who had no VTE (p = 0.139). Tumor progression was the major cause of death (n = 283, 90.7%), and only three patients (1.0%) died in association with acute VTEs. Conclusions Venous thromboembolic events occurred early in the disease course, suggesting that the implementation of primary venous thromboembolism prophylaxis during first‐line chemoradiotherapy could be explored in a randomized setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Eisele
- Department of Neurology, Clinical Neuroscience Center, University Hospital and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Katharina Seystahl
- Department of Neurology, Clinical Neuroscience Center, University Hospital and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Elisabeth J Rushing
- Department of Neuropathology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Patrick Roth
- Department of Neurology, Clinical Neuroscience Center, University Hospital and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Emilie Le Rhun
- Department of Neurology, Clinical Neuroscience Center, University Hospital and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Michael Weller
- Department of Neurology, Clinical Neuroscience Center, University Hospital and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Dorothee Gramatzki
- Department of Neurology, Clinical Neuroscience Center, University Hospital and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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8
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Brada MD, Rushing EJ, Bächinger D, Zoller L, Burger IA, Hüllner MW, Moch H, Huber A, Eckhard AH, Rupp NJ. Immunohistochemical Expression Pattern of Theragnostic Targets SSTR2 and PSMA in Endolymphatic Sac Tumors: A Single Institution Case Series. Head Neck Pathol 2022; 16:1012-1018. [PMID: 35546652 PMCID: PMC9729512 DOI: 10.1007/s12105-022-01456-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endolymphatic sac tumors are rare neoplasia characterized by slow growth. However, their clinical impact should not be underestimated, considering their potential for local aggressive behavior and strong association with von Hippel-Lindau syndrome. Therefore, early detection with emerging theragnostic examinations such as 68Ga-DOTATATE-PET/CT might improve patient management and reduce morbidity. METHODS We report the clinicopathological features of seven endolymphatic sac tumors. In this cohort, we performed immunohistochemical analysis of somatostatin receptor 2A (SSTR2A) and prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) protein expression patterns; two targets providing rationale for novel imaging modalities such as PSMA- or SSTR-targeted PET. RESULTS The tumor cells of all cases were negative for prostate specific membrane antigen and somatostatin receptor 2A, however immunolabeling was consistently detected in intratumoral endothelial cells of endolymphatic sac tumors for PSMA (7/7 cases, 100%), and for SSTR2A (5/7 cases, 71%). CONCLUSIONS Our results show a high rate of PSMA and SSTR2A expression in the tumor vasculature of endolymphatic sac tumors. PSMA and SSTR2A can be targeted with appropriate radioligands for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. This finding provides a rationale for prospective clinical studies to test this approach as a sensitive screening tool for patients with suspected endolymphatic sac tumors including an improved management of von Hippel-Lindau syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muriel D. Brada
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, Schmelzbergstrasse 12, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland ,Faculty of Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Elisabeth J. Rushing
- Department of Neuropathology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland ,Faculty of Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - David Bächinger
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland ,Faculty of Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Loris Zoller
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland ,Faculty of Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Irene A. Burger
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Baden Cantonal Hospital, Baden, Switzerland ,Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Martin W. Hüllner
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Holger Moch
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, Schmelzbergstrasse 12, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland ,Faculty of Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Alexander Huber
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland ,Faculty of Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Andreas H. Eckhard
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland ,Faculty of Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Niels J. Rupp
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, Schmelzbergstrasse 12, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland ,Faculty of Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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9
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Rodriguez-Calero A, Gallon J, Akhoundova D, Maletti S, Ferguson A, Cyrta J, Amstutz U, Garofoli A, Paradiso V, Tomlins SA, Hewer E, Genitsch V, Fleischmann A, Vassella E, Rushing EJ, Grobholz R, Fischer I, Jochum W, Cathomas G, Osunkoya AO, Bubendorf L, Moch H, Thalmann G, Ng CKY, Gillessen S, Piscuoglio S, Rubin MA. Alterations in homologous recombination repair genes in prostate cancer brain metastases. Nat Commun 2022; 13:2400. [PMID: 35504881 PMCID: PMC9065149 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30003-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Improved survival rates for prostate cancer through more effective therapies have also led to an increase in the diagnosis of metastases to infrequent locations such as the brain. Here we investigate the repertoire of somatic genetic alterations present in brain metastases from 51 patients with prostate cancer brain metastases (PCBM). We highlight the clonal evolution occurring in PCBM and demonstrate an increased mutational burden, concomitant with an enrichment of the homologous recombination deficiency mutational signature in PCBM compared to non-brain metastases. Focusing on known pathogenic alterations within homologous recombination repair genes, we find 10 patients (19.6%) fulfilling the inclusion criteria used in the PROfound clinical trial, which assessed the efficacy of PARP inhibitors (PARPi) in homologous recombination deficient prostate cancer. Eight (15.7%) patients show biallelic loss of one of the 15 genes included in the trial, while 5 patients (9.8%) harbor pathogenic alterations in BRCA1/2 specifically. Uncovering these molecular features of PCBM may have therapeutic implications, suggesting the need of clinical trial enrollment of PCBM patients when evaluating potential benefit from PARPi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Rodriguez-Calero
- Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - John Gallon
- Visceral Surgery and Precision Medicine Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Dilara Akhoundova
- Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sina Maletti
- Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Alison Ferguson
- Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Oncology, Ludwig Cancer Centre, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Joanna Cyrta
- Department of Pathology, Institut Curie, University Paris Sciences et Lettres, Paris, France
| | - Ursula Amstutz
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Andrea Garofoli
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Viola Paradiso
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Scott A Tomlins
- Departments of Pathology and Urology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Ekkehard Hewer
- Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Institute of Pathology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Vera Genitsch
- Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Achim Fleischmann
- Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Institute of Pathology, Cantonal Hospital Thurgau, Münsterlingen, Switzerland
| | - Erik Vassella
- Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Elisabeth J Rushing
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Rainer Grobholz
- Institute of Pathology, Cantonal Hospital Aarau, Aarau, Switzerland
| | - Ingeborg Fischer
- Institute of Pathology, Cantonal Hospital Aarau, Aarau, Switzerland
| | - Wolfram Jochum
- Institute of Pathology, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Gieri Cathomas
- Institute of Pathology, Cantonal Hospital Baselland, Liestal, Switzerland
| | - Adeboye O Osunkoya
- Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, and Urology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, USA
| | - Lukas Bubendorf
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Holger Moch
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - George Thalmann
- Department of Urology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Charlotte K Y Ng
- Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Silke Gillessen
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, USI, Lugano, Switzerland
- Department of Oncology, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland
- Division of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Salvatore Piscuoglio
- Visceral Surgery and Precision Medicine Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Mark A Rubin
- Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
- Bern Center for Precision Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
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10
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Togni C, Rom E, Burghardt I, Roth P, Rushing EJ, Weller M, Gramatzki D. Prognostic Relevance of Transforming Growth Factor-β Receptor Expression and Signaling in Glioblastoma, Isocitrate Dehydrogenase-Wildtype. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2022; 81:225-235. [PMID: 35190826 DOI: 10.1093/jnen/nlac007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The transforming growth factor (TGF)-β signaling pathway has been recognized as a major factor in promoting the aggressive behavior of glioblastoma, isocitrate dehydrogenase-wildtype. However, there is little knowledge about the expression of TGF-β receptors in glioblastoma. Here, we studied the expression patterns of TGF-β receptor II (TGFβRII), type I receptors activin receptor-like kinase (ALK)-5, and ALK-1, as well as of the transcriptional regulators inhibitor of differentiation (Id) 2, Id3, and Id4 in human glioblastoma. The expression of TGFβRII, ALK-5, and ALK-1 varied greatly, with TGFβRII and ALK-5 being the most abundant and ALK-1 being the least expressed receptor. None of the 3 receptors was preferentially expressed by tumor vasculature as opposed to the tumor bulk, indicating tumor bulk-governed mechanisms of TGF-β signaling with regard to glioblastoma-associated angiogenesis. A positive correlation was found between ALK-1 and Id2, suggesting that Id2, broadly expressed in the tumor cells, is a downstream target of this receptor-dependent pathway. Furthermore, there was a trend for high expression of ALK-5 or Id2 to be associated with inferior overall survival. Hence, we propose that ALK-5 may be used for patient stratification in future anti-TGF-β treatment trials and that Id2 might be a potential target for anti-TGF-β interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Togni
- From the Department of Neurology, Clinical Neuroscience Center, University Hospital and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Emanuel Rom
- From the Department of Neurology, Clinical Neuroscience Center, University Hospital and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Isabel Burghardt
- From the Department of Neurology, Clinical Neuroscience Center, University Hospital and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Patrick Roth
- From the Department of Neurology, Clinical Neuroscience Center, University Hospital and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Elisabeth J Rushing
- Department of Neuropathology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Michael Weller
- From the Department of Neurology, Clinical Neuroscience Center, University Hospital and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Dorothee Gramatzki
- From the Department of Neurology, Clinical Neuroscience Center, University Hospital and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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11
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Maas SLN, Stichel D, Hielscher T, Sievers P, Berghoff AS, Schrimpf D, Sill M, Euskirchen P, Blume C, Patel A, Dogan H, Reuss D, Dohmen H, Stein M, Reinhardt A, Suwala AK, Wefers AK, Baumgarten P, Ricklefs F, Rushing EJ, Bewerunge-Hudler M, Ketter R, Schittenhelm J, Jaunmuktane Z, Leu S, Greenway FEA, Bridges LR, Jones T, Grady C, Serrano J, Golfinos J, Sen C, Mawrin C, Jungk C, Hänggi D, Westphal M, Lamszus K, Etminan N, Jungwirth G, Herold-Mende C, Unterberg A, Harter PN, Wirsching HG, Neidert MC, Ratliff M, Platten M, Snuderl M, Aldape KD, Brandner S, Hench J, Frank S, Pfister SM, Jones DTW, Reifenberger G, Acker T, Wick W, Weller M, Preusser M, von Deimling A, Sahm F. Integrated Molecular-Morphologic Meningioma Classification: A Multicenter Retrospective Analysis, Retrospectively and Prospectively Validated. J Clin Oncol 2021; 39:3839-3852. [PMID: 34618539 PMCID: PMC8713596 DOI: 10.1200/jco.21.00784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Meningiomas are the most frequent primary intracranial tumors. Patient outcome varies widely from benign to highly aggressive, ultimately fatal courses. Reliable identification of risk of progression for individual patients is of pivotal importance. However, only biomarkers for highly aggressive tumors are established (CDKN2A/B and TERT), whereas no molecularly based stratification exists for the broad spectrum of patients with low- and intermediate-risk meningioma. METHODS DNA methylation data and copy-number information were generated for 3,031 meningiomas (2,868 patients), and mutation data for 858 samples. DNA methylation subgroups, copy-number variations (CNVs), mutations, and WHO grading were analyzed. Prediction power for outcome was assessed in a retrospective cohort of 514 patients, validated on a retrospective cohort of 184, and on a prospective cohort of 287 multicenter cases. RESULTS Both CNV- and methylation family-based subgrouping independently resulted in increased prediction accuracy of risk of recurrence compared with the WHO classification (c-indexes WHO 2016, CNV, and methylation family 0.699, 0.706, and 0.721, respectively). Merging all risk stratification approaches into an integrated molecular-morphologic score resulted in further substantial increase in accuracy (c-index 0.744). This integrated score consistently provided superior accuracy in all three cohorts, significantly outperforming WHO grading (c-index difference P = .005). Besides the overall stratification advantage, the integrated score separates more precisely for risk of progression at the diagnostically challenging interface of WHO grade 1 and grade 2 tumors (hazard ratio 4.34 [2.48-7.57] and 3.34 [1.28-8.72] retrospective and prospective validation cohorts, respectively). CONCLUSION Merging these layers of histologic and molecular data into an integrated, three-tiered score significantly improves the precision in meningioma stratification. Implementation into diagnostic routine informs clinical decision making for patients with meningioma on the basis of robust outcome prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sybren L N Maas
- Department of Neuropathology, University Hospital Heidelberg and CCU Neuropathology, German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Damian Stichel
- Department of Neuropathology, University Hospital Heidelberg and CCU Neuropathology, German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Hielscher
- Department of Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Philipp Sievers
- Department of Neuropathology, University Hospital Heidelberg and CCU Neuropathology, German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anna S Berghoff
- Institute of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Medicine I, Clinical Division of Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Daniel Schrimpf
- Department of Neuropathology, University Hospital Heidelberg and CCU Neuropathology, German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Martin Sill
- Hopp Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Philipp Euskirchen
- Department of Neurology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christina Blume
- Department of Neuropathology, University Hospital Heidelberg and CCU Neuropathology, German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Areeba Patel
- Department of Neuropathology, University Hospital Heidelberg and CCU Neuropathology, German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Helin Dogan
- Department of Neuropathology, University Hospital Heidelberg and CCU Neuropathology, German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - David Reuss
- Department of Neuropathology, University Hospital Heidelberg and CCU Neuropathology, German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hildegard Dohmen
- Department of Neuropathology, University Hospital Gießen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Marco Stein
- Department of Neuropathology, University Hospital Gießen, Giessen, Germany.,Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Gießen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Annekathrin Reinhardt
- Department of Neuropathology, University Hospital Heidelberg and CCU Neuropathology, German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Abigail K Suwala
- Department of Neuropathology, University Hospital Heidelberg and CCU Neuropathology, German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Annika K Wefers
- Department of Neuropathology, University Hospital Heidelberg and CCU Neuropathology, German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Peter Baumgarten
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Franz Ricklefs
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Elisabeth J Rushing
- Department of Neuropathology, University Hospital Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | | | - Ralf Ketter
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Homburg, Homburg, Germany
| | - Jens Schittenhelm
- Department of Neuropathology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Zane Jaunmuktane
- Division of Neuropathology, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, University College London NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom.,Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences and Queen Square Brain Bank for Neurological Disorders, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Severina Leu
- Department of Neuropathology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Fay E A Greenway
- Department of Neurosurgery, St George's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Leslie R Bridges
- Department of Cellular Pathology, St George's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Timothy Jones
- Department of Neurosurgery, St George's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Conor Grady
- Department of Neurosurgery, NYU Langone Hospital, New York, NY
| | | | - John Golfinos
- Department of Neurosurgery, NYU Langone Hospital, New York, NY
| | - Chandra Sen
- Department of Neurosurgery, NYU Langone Hospital, New York, NY
| | - Christian Mawrin
- Department of Neuropathology, University Hospital Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Christine Jungk
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Daniel Hänggi
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Manfred Westphal
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Katrin Lamszus
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nima Etminan
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medicine Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Gerhard Jungwirth
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christel Herold-Mende
- Division of Exp. Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andreas Unterberg
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Patrick N Harter
- Neurological Institute (Edinger Institute), University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany.,Frankfurt Cancer Institute (FCI) and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hans-Georg Wirsching
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Marian C Neidert
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kantonsspital St Gallen, St Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Miriam Ratliff
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medicine Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Michael Platten
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, MCTN, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Matija Snuderl
- Department of Pathology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | | | - Sebastian Brandner
- Division of Neuropathology, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, University College London NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom.,Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jürgen Hench
- Department of Neuropathology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Stephan Frank
- Department of Neuropathology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Stefan M Pfister
- Hopp Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology, Immunology and Pulmonology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - David T W Jones
- Hopp Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Division of Pediatric Glioma Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Guido Reifenberger
- Institute of Neuropathology, Heinrich Heine University Medical Faculty, Düsseldorf, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Essen/Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Till Acker
- Department of Neuropathology, University Hospital Gießen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Wick
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neurooncology, German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Neurology and Neurooncology Program, National Center for Tumor Diseases, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Weller
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Preusser
- Department of Medicine I, Clinical Division of Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Andreas von Deimling
- Department of Neuropathology, University Hospital Heidelberg and CCU Neuropathology, German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Felix Sahm
- Department of Neuropathology, University Hospital Heidelberg and CCU Neuropathology, German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Hopp Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany
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12
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von Hoff K, Haberler C, Schmitt-Hoffner F, Schepke E, de Rojas T, Jacobs S, Zapotocky M, Sumerauer D, Perek-Polnik M, Dufour C, van Vuurden D, Slavc I, Gojo J, Pickles JC, Gerber NU, Massimino M, Gil-da-Costa MJ, Garami M, Kumirova E, Sehested A, Scheie D, Cruz O, Moreno L, Cho J, Zeller B, Bovenschen N, Grotzer M, Alderete D, Snuderl M, Zheludkova O, Golanov A, Okonechnikov K, Mynarek M, Juhnke BO, Rutkowski S, Schüller U, Pizer B, Zezschwitz BV, Kwiecien R, Wechsung M, Konietschke F, Hwang EI, Sturm D, Pfister SM, von Deimling A, Rushing EJ, Ryzhova M, Hauser P, Łastowska M, Wesseling P, Giangaspero F, Hawkins C, Figarella-Branger D, Eberhart C, Burger P, Gessi M, Korshunov A, Jacques TS, Capper D, Pietsch T, Kool M. Therapeutic implications of improved molecular diagnostics for rare CNS-embryonal tumor entities: results of an international, retrospective study. Neuro Oncol 2021; 23:1597-1611. [PMID: 34077956 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noab136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Only few data are available on treatment-associated behavior of distinct rare CNS-embryonal tumor entities previously treated as "CNS-primitive neuroectodermal tumors" (CNS-PNET). Respective data on specific entities, including CNS neuroblastoma, FOXR2 activated (CNS NB-FOXR2), and embryonal tumor with multi-layered rosettes (ETMR) are needed for development of differentiated treatment strategies. METHODS Within this retrospective, international study, tumor samples of clinically well-annotated patients with the original diagnosis of CNS-PNET were analyzed using DNA methylation arrays (n=307). Additional cases (n=66) with DNA methylation pattern of CNS NB-FOXR2 were included irrespective of initial histological diagnosis. Pooled clinical data (n=292) were descriptively analyzed. RESULTS DNA methylation profiling of "CNS-PNET" classified 58(19%) cases as ETMR, 57(19%) as HGG, 36(12%) as CNS NB-FOXR2, and 89(29%) cases were classified into 18 other entities. Sixty-seven (22%) cases did not show DNA methylation patterns similar to established CNS tumor reference classes. Best treatment results were achieved for CNS NB-FOXR2 patients (5-year PFS: 63%±7%, OS: 85%±5%, n=63), with 35/42 progression-free survivors after upfront craniospinal irradiation (CSI) and chemotherapy. The worst outcome was seen for ETMR and HGG patients with 5-year PFS of 18%±6% and 22%±7%, and 5-year OS of 24%±6% and 25%±7%, respectively. CONCLUSION The historically reported poor outcome of CNS-PNET patients becomes highly variable when tumors are molecularly classified based on DNA methylation profiling. Patients with CNS NB-FOXR2 responded well to current treatments and a standard-risk-CSI based regimen may be prospectively evaluated. The poor outcome of ETMR across applied treatment strategies substantiates the necessity for evaluation of novel treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katja von Hoff
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Charité University Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christine Haberler
- Division of Neuropathology and Neurochemistry, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Felix Schmitt-Hoffner
- Hopp Children´s Cancer Center (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany.,Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Elizabeth Schepke
- The Queen Silvia Children's Hospital, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Teresa de Rojas
- Pediatric OncoGenomics Unit, Children's University Hospital Niño Jesús, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sandra Jacobs
- Department of Pediatrics, KU Leuven and University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Michal Zapotocky
- Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - David Sumerauer
- Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Marta Perek-Polnik
- Department of Oncology, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Christelle Dufour
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Oncology, Villejuif, France.,Paris-Saclay University, INSERM, Molecular predictors and New targets in Oncology, Villejuif, France
| | | | - Irene Slavc
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine and Comprehensive Center for Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Johannes Gojo
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine and Comprehensive Center for Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jessica C Pickles
- Developmental Biology and Cancer Research & Teaching Department, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK.,Department of Histopathology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Nicolas U Gerber
- Department of Oncology, University Children's Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Maura Massimino
- Pediatric Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale die Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Miklos Garami
- 2nd Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ella Kumirova
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center for Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Astrid Sehested
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - David Scheie
- Department of Pathology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Frederik Vs vej 11, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ofelia Cruz
- Pediatric Oncology Department. Hospital Sant Joan de Deu. Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lucas Moreno
- Paediatric Haematology & Oncology Division, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jaeho Cho
- Dept. of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Bernward Zeller
- Division of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Niels Bovenschen
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Michael Grotzer
- Department of Oncology, University Children's Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Alderete
- Service of Hematology/Oncology, Hospital JP Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Matija Snuderl
- Department of Pathology, NYU Langone Health and School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Olga Zheludkova
- Department of Neurooncology, Russian Scientific Center of Radiology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrey Golanov
- Department of Neuroradiology, Burdenko Neurosurgical Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | - Konstantin Okonechnikov
- Hopp Children´s Cancer Center (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Martin Mynarek
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg
| | - B Ole Juhnke
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg
| | - Stefan Rutkowski
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg
| | - Ulrich Schüller
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg.,Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,Research Institute Children's Cancer Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Barry Pizer
- Institute of Translational Research, University of Liverpool, UK
| | - Barbara V Zezschwitz
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Charité University Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Robert Kwiecien
- Institute of Biostatistics and Clinical Research, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Maximilian Wechsung
- Institute of Biometry and Clinical Epidemiology, Charité University Medicine and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Frank Konietschke
- Institute of Biometry and Clinical Epidemiology, Charité University Medicine and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Eugene I Hwang
- Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Center for Cancer and Immunology Research and Neuroscience Research, Children's National Medical Center, Washington DC, USA
| | - Dominik Sturm
- Hopp Children´s Cancer Center (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Pediatric Glioma Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology & Immunology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stefan M Pfister
- Hopp Children´s Cancer Center (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology & Immunology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andreas von Deimling
- Department of Neuropathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Elisabeth J Rushing
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Marina Ryzhova
- Department of Neuropathology, Burdenko Neurosurgical Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | - Peter Hauser
- 2nd Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Maria Łastowska
- Department of Pathomorphology, Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Pieter Wesseling
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands.,Amsterdam University Medical Center / VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Felice Giangaspero
- Department of Radiological, Oncological and Anatomopathological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.,IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli (IS), Italy
| | - Cynthia Hawkins
- Division of Pathology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - Dominique Figarella-Branger
- Aix-Marseille Univ, APHM, CNRS, INP, Inst Neurophysiopathol, CHU Timone, Service d'Anatomie Pathologique et de Neuropathologie, Marseille, France
| | - Charles Eberhart
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Peter Burger
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Marco Gessi
- Neuropathology Unit, Division of Pathology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A.Gemelli" IRCCS, Università Cattolica S.Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrey Korshunov
- Department of Neuropathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tom S Jacques
- Department of Histopathology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - David Capper
- Department of Neuropathology, Charité University Medicine, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Berlin, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Torsten Pietsch
- Department of Neuropathology, DGNN Brain Tumor Reference Center, University of Bonn, DZNE German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Bonn, Germany
| | - Marcel Kool
- Hopp Children´s Cancer Center (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany.,Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
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13
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Reuss AM, Wulf MA, Oertel MF, Bozinov O, Henzi A, Kaelin MB, Reinehr M, Grimm F, Rushing EJ. An immunocompetent farmer with isolated cerebral alveolar echinococcosis: illustrative case. Journal of Neurosurgery: Case Lessons 2021; 1:CASE2187. [PMID: 35855465 PMCID: PMC9245736 DOI: 10.3171/case2187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alveolar echinococcosis is a rare condition, but living or working in a rural environment is a substantial risk factor. The liver is the organ primarily affected, with additional extrahepatic manifestations in approximately 25% of cases. Primary extrahepatic disease is rare, and isolated cerebral involvement is extremely unusual. OBSERVATIONS The authors described an illustrative case of isolated cerebral alveolar echinococcosis in an immunocompetent farmer. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain showed a predominantly cystic lesion with perifocal edema and a “bunch of grapes” appearance in the left frontal lobe. Histology revealed sharply demarcated fragments of a fibrous cyst wall accompanied by marked inflammation and necrosis. Higher magnification showed remnants of protoscolices with hooklets and calcified corpuscles. Immunohistochemistry and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis confirmed the diagnosis of cerebral alveolar echinococcosis. Interestingly, serology and thoracic and abdominal computed tomography results were negative, indicative of an isolated primary extrahepatic manifestation. LESSONS Isolated, primary central nervous system echinococcosis is extremely rare, with only isolated case reports. As in the authors’ case, it can occur in immunocompetent patients, especially persons with a rural vocational history. Negative serology results do not exclude cerebral echinococcosis, which requires histological confirmation. Immunohistochemical staining and PCR analysis are especially useful in cases without classic morphological findings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Michael Reinehr
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology; and
| | - Felix Grimm
- Institute of Parasitology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Switzerland
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14
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Mihaylova V, Chablais F, Bremer J, Guggenberger R, Rushing EJ, Bethge T, Spiegel R, Jung HH. Collagen VI-Related Myopathy Caused by Compound Heterozygous Mutations of COL6A3 in a Consanguineous Kurdish Family. J Clin Neuromuscul Dis 2021; 22:173-179. [PMID: 33596003 DOI: 10.1097/cnd.0000000000000320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Collagen VI-related myopathies are caused by mutations of COL6A1, COL6A2, and COL6A3 and present with a wide phenotypic spectrum ranging from severe Ulrich congenital muscular dystrophy to mild Bethlem myopathy. Here, we report a consanguineous Kurdish family with 3 siblings affected by autosomal-recessive Bethlem myopathy caused by compound heterozygous mutations of COL6A3. We found the previously described missense mutation c.7447A > G/p.(Lys2483Glu) and a novel large deletion encompassing the exon 1-39 of the COL6A3 gene. Apart from the classical clinical symptoms, all patients had keratoconus, which expands the phenotype of the collagen VI-related myopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Violeta Mihaylova
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital and University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Fabian Chablais
- Genetica, Human Genetics and Genetic Counselling Unit, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Juliane Bremer
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital and University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany ; and
| | - Roman Guggenberger
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital and University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Elisabeth J Rushing
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital and University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Tobias Bethge
- Genetica, Human Genetics and Genetic Counselling Unit, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Roland Spiegel
- Genetica, Human Genetics and Genetic Counselling Unit, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Hans-Heinrich Jung
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital and University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
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15
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Rupp NJ, Nemes C, Rushing EJ, Huber GF, Freiberger SN. High-grade Salivary Gland Adenocarcinoma Harboring ETV6-NTRK3 Fusion: Defined by Morphology or Molecular Aberration? Head Neck Pathol 2021; 15:1082-1084. [PMID: 33544381 PMCID: PMC8385089 DOI: 10.1007/s12105-021-01297-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Niels J. Rupp
- grid.7400.30000 0004 1937 0650Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital and University of Zurich, Schmelzbergstrasse 12, Zurich, 8091 Switzerland
| | - Constanze Nemes
- grid.413349.80000 0001 2294 4705Institute of Pathology, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Elisabeth J. Rushing
- grid.7400.30000 0004 1937 0650Department of Neuropathology, University Hospital and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Gerhard F. Huber
- grid.413349.80000 0001 2294 4705Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Sandra N. Freiberger
- grid.7400.30000 0004 1937 0650Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital and University of Zurich, Schmelzbergstrasse 12, Zurich, 8091 Switzerland
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16
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Zarb Y, Sridhar S, Nassiri S, Utz SG, Schaffenrath J, Maheshwari U, Rushing EJ, Nilsson KPR, Delorenzi M, Colonna M, Greter M, Keller A. Microglia control small vessel calcification via TREM2. Sci Adv 2021; 7:eabc4898. [PMID: 33637522 PMCID: PMC7909879 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abc4898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Microglia participate in central nervous system (CNS) development and homeostasis and are often implicated in modulating disease processes. However, less is known about the role of microglia in the biology of the neurovascular unit (NVU). In particular, data are scant on whether microglia are involved in CNS vascular pathology. In this study, we use a mouse model of primary familial brain calcification, Pdgfbret/ret , to investigate the role of microglia in calcification of the NVU. We report that microglia enclosing vessel calcifications, coined calcification-associated microglia, display a distinct activation phenotype. Pharmacological ablation of microglia with the CSF1R inhibitor PLX5622 leads to aggravated vessel calcification. Mechanistically, we show that microglia require functional TREM2 for controlling vascular calcification. Our results demonstrate that microglial activity in the setting of pathological vascular calcification is beneficial. In addition, we identify a previously unrecognized function of microglia in halting the expansion of vascular calcification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvette Zarb
- Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Neurocentre, Zurich University Hospital, Zurich University, Zürich, Switzerland
- Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sucheta Sridhar
- Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Neurocentre, Zurich University Hospital, Zurich University, Zürich, Switzerland
- Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sina Nassiri
- Bioinformatics Core Facility, Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sebastian Guido Utz
- Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Johanna Schaffenrath
- Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Neurocentre, Zurich University Hospital, Zurich University, Zürich, Switzerland
- Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Upasana Maheshwari
- Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Neurocentre, Zurich University Hospital, Zurich University, Zürich, Switzerland
- Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Elisabeth J Rushing
- Institute of Neuropathology, Zurich University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Mauro Delorenzi
- Bioinformatics Core Facility, Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Oncology, University Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Marco Colonna
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Melanie Greter
- Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Annika Keller
- Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Neurocentre, Zurich University Hospital, Zurich University, Zürich, Switzerland.
- Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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17
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Kirschenbaum D, Imbach LL, Rushing EJ, Frauenknecht KBM, Gascho D, Ineichen BV, Keller E, Kohler S, Lichtblau M, Reimann RR, Schreib K, Ulrich S, Steiger P, Aguzzi A, Frontzek K. Intracerebral endotheliitis and microbleeds are neuropathological features of COVID-19. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 2020; 47:454-459. [PMID: 33249605 PMCID: PMC7753688 DOI: 10.1111/nan.12677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 19 (COVID‐19) is a rapidly evolving pandemic caused by the coronavirus Sars‐CoV‐2. Clinically manifest central nervous system symptoms have been described in COVID‐19 patients and could be the consequence of commonly associated vascular pathology, but the detailed neuropathological sequelae remain largely unknown. A total of six cases, all positive for Sars‐CoV‐2, showed evidence of cerebral petechial hemorrhages and microthrombi at autopsy. Two out of six patients showed an elevated risk for disseminated intravascular coagulopathy according to current criteria and were excluded from further analysis. In the remaining four patients, the hemorrhages were most prominent at the grey and white matter junction of the neocortex, but were also found in the brainstem, deep grey matter structures and cerebellum. Two patients showed vascular intramural inflammatory infiltrates, consistent with Sars‐CoV‐2‐associated endotheliitis, which was associated by elevated levels of the Sars‐CoV‐2 receptor ACE2 in the brain vasculature. Distribution and morphology of patchy brain microbleeds was clearly distinct from hypertension‐related hemorrhage, critical illness‐associated microbleeds and cerebral amyloid angiopathy, which was ruled out by immunohistochemistry. Cerebral microhemorrhages in COVID‐19 patients could be a consequence of Sars‐ CoV‐2‐induced endotheliitis and more general vasculopathic changes and may correlate with an increased risk of vascular encephalopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lukas L Imbach
- Department of Neurology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Dominic Gascho
- Institute of Forensic Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Emanuela Keller
- Department of Neurosurgery and Institute of Intensive Care Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sibylle Kohler
- Department of Internal Medicine, Spital Zollikerberg, Zollikerberg, Switzerland
| | - Mona Lichtblau
- Department of Pulmonology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Regina R Reimann
- Institute of Neuropathology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Katharina Schreib
- Department of Internal Medicine, Spital Zollikerberg, Zollikerberg, Switzerland
| | - Silvia Ulrich
- Department of Pulmonology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Peter Steiger
- Institute of Intensive Care Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Adriano Aguzzi
- Institute of Neuropathology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Karl Frontzek
- Institute of Neuropathology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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18
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Schneider F, Wolpert F, Stolzmann P, Albatly AA, Kenkel D, Weller J, Weller M, Kollias SS, Rushing EJ, Veit-Haibach P, Huellner MW. Prognostic value of O-(2-[ 18F]-fluoroethyl)-L-tyrosine PET in relapsing oligodendroglioma. Acta Oncol 2020; 59:1357-1364. [PMID: 32686979 DOI: 10.1080/0284186x.2020.1787507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the relationship between F-18-fluoro-ethyl-tyrosine positron emission tomography (FET-PET) parameters of relapsing oligodendroglioma and progression-free survival. MATERIAL AND METHODS The relationship of clinical parameters, FET-PET parameters (SUVmax, TBRmax, BTV, time-activity curves) and progression-free survival was analyzed using univariate and multivariate analysis in 42 adult patients with relapsing oligodendroglioma. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to assess survival. RESULTS Patients who did not undergo surgical resection of their relapsing tumor had significantly lower PFS if the tumor exhibited an SUVmax above 3.40 than those with an SUVmax below 3.40 (13.1 ± 2.3 months vs. 47.3 ± 6.0 months, respectively, p < .001). Patients who underwent surgery had similar PFS as the aforementioned non-operated patients with low SUVmax (53.6 ± 6.7 months, p = .948). The same was true for TBRmax using a threshold of 3.03 (PFS 12.5 ± 2.4 months vs. 44.0 ± 6.3 months / 53.6 ± 6.7 months, respectively; p < .001 / p = .825). Also, subjects with BTV below 10 cm3 that did not undergo surgery had a similar PFS as subjects who underwent surgery (40.2 ± 6.0 months vs. 52.4 ± 8.9 months, respectively, p = .587). Subjects with BTV above 10 cm3 and without surgery had a significantly worse PFS (13.8 ± 3.3 months, p < .001). Multivariate analysis showed that the prognostication by clinical parameters is improved by adding TBRmax to the model (AUC 0.945 (95% CI: 0.881-1.000), true classification rate 88.1%). CONCLUSION FET-PET may provide added value for the prognostication of relapsing oligodendroglioma in addition to clinical parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Schneider
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Zurich/University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Fabian Wolpert
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zurich/University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Paul Stolzmann
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Zurich/University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Abdulrahman A. Albatly
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Zurich/University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - David Kenkel
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Zurich/University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Jonathan Weller
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Zurich/University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Michael Weller
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zurich/University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Spyros S. Kollias
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Zurich/University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Elisabeth J. Rushing
- Department of Neuropathology, University Hospital Zurich/University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Patrick Veit-Haibach
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Zurich/University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Martin W. Huellner
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Zurich/University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
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19
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Mihic-Probst D, Reinehr M, Dettwiler S, Kolm I, Britschgi C, Kudura K, Maggio EM, Lenggenhager D, Rushing EJ. The role of macrophages type 2 and T-regs in immune checkpoint inhibitor related adverse events. Immunobiology 2020; 225:152009. [PMID: 32962812 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2020.152009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitory (ICI) therapy represents a novel approach in a variety of cancers, with impressive survival benefit. With ICIs, however, a new spectrum of immune related adverse events (irAE) including life threatening hypohysitis has emerged. This autopsy study aimed to investigate inflammatory cells, PD-1 and PD-L1 expression in cases of patients who developed hypophysitis and involvement of other organs. We analysed 6 patients, who were treated with ICIs and developed hypophysitis. Two received an additional MAP-kinase inhibitor, MEK-inhibitor and cytotoxic chemotherapy. Besides the pituitary gland, all investigated adrenal glands (5/5) were affected; three cases had other organs involved (liver (2/6), thyroid (2/6), lung (1/6), myocardium (1/6), colon (1/6). The inflammatory cells of involved organs were further specified and PD1 and PDL-1 expression was analyzed using immunohistochemistry. We observed that patients treated with ICIs alone showed T-cell predominant lymphocytic infiltrates, whereas patients receiving additional therapies demonstrated an increase in B- and T-lymphocytes. Surprisingly, the dominant inflammatory population was not T-cell, but type 2 macrophages. CD25 positive T-regs were sparse or absent. Our study suggests that T cell activation is only partially responsible for irAE. ICI therapy interaction with CTLA-4, PD-1 and PDL-1 in type 2 macrophages appears to result in disturbance of their control. Furthermore, depletion of T-regs seems to contribute significantly. Our findings with simultaneous pituitary and adrenal gland involvement underlines the systemic involvement as well as the importance of monitoring cortisol levels to avoid potentially life threatening hypocortisolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Mihic-Probst
- Institute for Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Michael Reinehr
- Institute for Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Susanne Dettwiler
- Institute for Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Isabel Kolm
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Christian Britschgi
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ken Kudura
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ewerton Marques Maggio
- Institute for Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Daniela Lenggenhager
- Institute for Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Elisabeth J Rushing
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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20
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Kirschenbaum D, Imbach LL, Ulrich S, Rushing EJ, Keller E, Reimann RR, Frauenknecht KBM, Lichtblau M, Witt M, Hummel T, Steiger P, Aguzzi A, Frontzek K. Inflammatory olfactory neuropathy in two patients with COVID-19. Lancet 2020; 396:166. [PMID: 32659210 PMCID: PMC7351381 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(20)31525-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Kirschenbaum
- University of Zurich, University Hospital of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Lukas L Imbach
- University of Zurich, University Hospital of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Silvia Ulrich
- University of Zurich, University Hospital of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Elisabeth J Rushing
- University of Zurich, University Hospital of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Emanuela Keller
- University of Zurich, University Hospital of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Regina R Reimann
- University of Zurich, University Hospital of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Mona Lichtblau
- University of Zurich, University Hospital of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Martin Witt
- Department of Anatomy and Centre of Transdisciplinary Neuroscience, University Medicine Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Thomas Hummel
- Smell and Taste Clinic, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Peter Steiger
- University of Zurich, University Hospital of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Adriano Aguzzi
- University of Zurich, University Hospital of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Karl Frontzek
- University of Zurich, University Hospital of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland.
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21
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Wirsching HG, Tabatabai G, Roelcke U, Hottinger AF, Jörger F, Schmid A, Plasswilm L, Schrimpf D, Mancao C, Capper D, Conen K, Hundsberger T, Caparrotti F, von Moos R, Riklin C, Felsberg J, Roth P, Jones DTW, Pfister S, Rushing EJ, Abrey L, Reifenberger G, Held L, von Deimling A, Ochsenbein A, Weller M. Bevacizumab plus hypofractionated radiotherapy versus radiotherapy alone in elderly patients with glioblastoma: the randomized, open-label, phase II ARTE trial. Ann Oncol 2019; 29:1423-1430. [PMID: 29648580 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The addition of bevacizumab to temozolomide-based chemoradiotherapy (TMZ/RT → TMZ) did not prolong overall survival (OS) in patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma in phase III trials. Elderly and frail patients are underrepresented in clinical trials, but early reports suggested preferential benefit in this population. Patients and methods ARTE was a 2 : 1 randomized, multi-center, open-label, non-comparative phase II trial of hypofractionated RT (40 Gy in 15 fractions) with bevacizumab (10 mg/kg×14 days) (arm A, N = 50) or without bevacizumab (arm B, N = 25) in patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma aged ≥65 years. The primary objective was to obtain evidence for prolongation of median OS by the addition of bevacizumab to RT. Response was assessed by RANO criteria. Quality of life (QoL) was monitored by the EORTC QLQ-C30/BN20 modules. Exploratory studies included molecular subtyping by 450k whole methylome and gene expression analyses. Results Median PFS was longer in arm A than in arm B (7.6 and 4.8 months, P = 0.003), but OS was similar (12.1 and 12.2 months, P = 0.77). Clinical deterioration was delayed and more patients came off steroids in arm A. Prolonged PFS in arm A was confined to tumors with the receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) I methylation subtype (HR 0.25, P = 0.014) and proneural gene expression (HR 0.29, P = 0.025). In a Cox model of OS controlling for established prognostic factors, associations with more favorable outcome were identified for age <70 years (HR 0.52, P = 0.018) and Karnofsky performance score 90%-100% (HR 0.51, P = 0.026). Including molecular subtypes into that model identified an association of the RTK II gene methylation subtype with inferior OS (HR 1.73, P = 0.076). Conclusion Efficacy outcomes and exploratory analyses of ARTE do not support the hypothesis that the addition of bevacizumab to RT generally prolongs survival in elderly glioblastoma patients. Molecular biomarkers may identify patients with preferential benefit from bevacizumab. Clinical trial registration number NCT01443676.
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Affiliation(s)
- H-G Wirsching
- Brain Tumor Center Zurich, University Hospital and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Neurology, University Hospital and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - G Tabatabai
- Brain Tumor Center Zurich, University Hospital and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Neurology, University Hospital and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - U Roelcke
- Department of Neurology, Brain Tumor Center Aarau, Cantonal Hospital Aarau, Aarau, Switzerland
| | - A F Hottinger
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University Hospital Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - F Jörger
- Department of Clinical Trials Center, University Hospital and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - A Schmid
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - L Plasswilm
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - D Schrimpf
- Department of Neuropathology, Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany; German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - C Mancao
- Genentech, Oncology Biomarker Development, Basel, Switzerland
| | - D Capper
- Department of Neuropathology, Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany; German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - K Conen
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - T Hundsberger
- Department of Neurology, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - F Caparrotti
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - R von Moos
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cantonal Hospital Chur, Chur, Switzerland
| | - C Riklin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cantonal Hospital Lucerne, Lucerne Switzerland
| | - J Felsberg
- Department of Neuropathology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - P Roth
- Brain Tumor Center Zurich, University Hospital and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Neurology, University Hospital and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - D T W Jones
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - S Pfister
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - E J Rushing
- Brain Tumor Center Zurich, University Hospital and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Neuropathology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - L Abrey
- F. Hoffmann-La Roche, Pharma Division, Product Development Oncology, Basel, Switzerland
| | - G Reifenberger
- Department of Neuropathology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; German Cancer Research Center, Essen/Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - L Held
- Biostatistics Department, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - A von Deimling
- Department of Neuropathology, Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany; German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - A Ochsenbein
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - M Weller
- Brain Tumor Center Zurich, University Hospital and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Neurology, University Hospital and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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22
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Johnson DB, McDonnell WJ, Gonzalez-Ericsson PI, Al-Rohil RN, Mobley BC, Salem JE, Wang DY, Sanchez V, Wang Y, Chastain CA, Barker K, Liang Y, Warren S, Beechem JM, Menzies AM, Tio M, Long GV, Cohen JV, Guidon AC, O'Hare M, Chandra S, Chowdhary A, Lebrun-Vignes B, Goldinger SM, Rushing EJ, Buchbinder EI, Mallal SA, Shi C, Xu Y, Moslehi JJ, Sanders ME, Sosman JA, Balko JM. A case report of clonal EBV-like memory CD4 + T cell activation in fatal checkpoint inhibitor-induced encephalitis. Nat Med 2019; 25:1243-1250. [PMID: 31332390 PMCID: PMC6689251 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-019-0523-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Checkpoint inhibitors produce durable responses in numerous metastatic cancers, but immune-related adverse events (irAEs) complicate and limit their benefit. IrAEs can affect organ systems idiosyncratically; presentations range from mild and self-limited to fulminant and fatal. The molecular mechanisms underlying irAEs are poorly understood. Here, we report a fatal case of encephalitis arising during anti-programmed cell death receptor 1 therapy in a patient with metastatic melanoma. Histologic analyses revealed robust T cell infiltration and prominent programmed death ligand 1 expression. We identified 209 reported cases in global pharmacovigilance databases (across multiple cancer types) of encephalitis associated with checkpoint inhibitor regimens, with a 19% fatality rate. We performed further analyses from the index case and two additional cases to shed light on this recurrent and fulminant irAE. Spatial and multi-omic analyses pinpointed activated memory CD4+ T cells as highly enriched in the inflamed, affected region. We identified a highly oligoclonal T cell receptor repertoire, which we localized to activated memory cytotoxic (CD45RO+GZMB+Ki67+) CD4 cells. We also identified Epstein-Barr virus-specific T cell receptors and EBV+ lymphocytes in the affected region, which we speculate contributed to neural inflammation in the index case. Collectively, the three cases studied here identify CD4+ and CD8+ T cells as culprits of checkpoint inhibitor-associated immune encephalitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas B Johnson
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA. .,Vanderbilt Institute for Infection, Immunology and Inflammation, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
| | - Wyatt J McDonnell
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.,Vanderbilt Institute for Infection, Immunology and Inflammation, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.,Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.,Center for Translational Immunology and Infectious Disease, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.,Vanderbilt Vaccine Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | | | - Rami N Al-Rohil
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.,Department of Pathology and Dermatology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Bret C Mobley
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Joe-Elie Salem
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.,Sorbonne Université, INSERM CIC Paris-Est, AP-HP, ICAN, Regional Pharmacovigilance Centre, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Department of Pharmacology, Paris, France
| | - Daniel Y Wang
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Violeta Sanchez
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Cody A Chastain
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | | | - Yan Liang
- NanoString Technologies, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | | | - Alexander M Menzies
- Melanoma Institute Australia, Sydney, Australia.,The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Mater Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Martin Tio
- Melanoma Institute Australia, Sydney, Australia
| | - Georgina V Long
- Melanoma Institute Australia, Sydney, Australia.,The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Mater Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | | | | | - Sunandana Chandra
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Akansha Chowdhary
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Bénédicte Lebrun-Vignes
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM CIC Paris-Est, AP-HP, ICAN, Regional Pharmacovigilance Centre, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Department of Pharmacology, Paris, France
| | | | | | | | - Simon A Mallal
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.,Vanderbilt Institute for Infection, Immunology and Inflammation, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.,Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.,Center for Translational Immunology and Infectious Disease, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.,Institute for Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Perth, Australia
| | - Chanjuan Shi
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Yaomin Xu
- Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Javid J Moslehi
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Melinda E Sanders
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | | | - Justin M Balko
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA. .,Vanderbilt Institute for Infection, Immunology and Inflammation, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA. .,Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA. .,Breast Cancer Research Program, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
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23
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D'Agati G, Cabello EM, Frontzek K, Rushing EJ, Klemm R, Robinson MD, White RM, Mosimann C, Burger A. Active receptor tyrosine kinases, but not Brachyury, are sufficient to trigger chordoma in zebrafish. Dis Model Mech 2019; 12:dmm.039545. [PMID: 31221659 PMCID: PMC6679381 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.039545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The aberrant activation of developmental processes triggers diverse cancer types. Chordoma is a rare, aggressive tumor arising from transformed notochord remnants. Several potentially oncogenic factors have been found to be deregulated in chordoma, yet causation remains uncertain. In particular, sustained expression of TBXT – encoding the notochord regulator protein brachyury – is hypothesized as a key driver of chordoma, yet experimental evidence is absent. Here, we employ a zebrafish chordoma model to identify the notochord-transforming potential of implicated genes in vivo. We find that Brachyury, including a form with augmented transcriptional activity, is insufficient to initiate notochord hyperplasia. In contrast, the chordoma-implicated receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) EGFR and Kdr/VEGFR2 are sufficient to transform notochord cells. Aberrant activation of RTK/Ras signaling attenuates processes required for notochord differentiation, including the unfolded protein response and endoplasmic reticulum stress pathways. Our results provide the first in vivo evidence against a tumor-initiating potential of Brachyury in the notochord, and imply activated RTK signaling as a possible initiating event in chordoma. Furthermore, our work points at modulating endoplasmic reticulum and protein stress pathways as possible therapeutic avenues against chordoma. Summary: An injection-based chordoma model in zebrafish shows that the hypothesized chordoma oncogene brachyury is insufficient, whereas EGFR and VEGFR2 are sufficient, to trigger notochord hyperplasia in our model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianluca D'Agati
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zürich, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Elena María Cabello
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zürich, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Karl Frontzek
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Zürich, 8091 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Elisabeth J Rushing
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Zürich, 8091 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Robin Klemm
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zürich, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Mark D Robinson
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zürich, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland.,SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Zürich, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Richard M White
- Cancer Biology & Genetics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA.,Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Christian Mosimann
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zürich, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Alexa Burger
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zürich, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland
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24
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Rodewald A, Rushing EJ, Kirschenbaum D, Mangana J, Mittmann C, Moch H, Lugassy C, Barnhill RL, Mihic‐Probst D. Eight autopsy cases of melanoma brain metastases showing angiotropism and pericytic mimicry. Implications for extravascular migratory metastasis. J Cutan Pathol 2019; 46:570-578. [DOI: 10.1111/cup.13465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Revised: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ann‐Katrin Rodewald
- Institute for Pathology and Molecular PathologyUniversity Hospital Zurich Zurich Switzerland
- Department of PathologyTriemli Hospital Zurich Zurich Switzerland
| | | | | | - Joanna Mangana
- Department of DermatologyUniversity Hospital of Zurich Zurich Switzerland
| | - Christiane Mittmann
- Institute for Pathology and Molecular PathologyUniversity Hospital Zurich Zurich Switzerland
| | - Holger Moch
- Institute for Pathology and Molecular PathologyUniversity Hospital Zurich Zurich Switzerland
| | - Claire Lugassy
- Departments of Pathology and Translational ResearchInstitut Curie Paris France
| | - Raymond L. Barnhill
- Departments of Pathology and Translational ResearchInstitut Curie Paris France
| | - Daniela Mihic‐Probst
- Institute for Pathology and Molecular PathologyUniversity Hospital Zurich Zurich Switzerland
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25
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Losa M, Carta MC, Frontzek K, Krayenbühl N, Wichmann W, Rushing EJ. An Infratentorial Tumor in a 44-Year-Old Female Patient. Brain Pathol 2019; 29:145-146. [PMID: 30600598 DOI: 10.1111/bpa.12684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Losa
- Department of Neuropathology, University Hospital of Zurich
| | | | - Karl Frontzek
- Department of Neuropathology, University Hospital of Zurich
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26
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Kirschenbaum D, Woernle C, Haralambieva E, Marques Maggio E, Bernays R, Camenisch U, Rushing EJ. A 72-year old female with multiple supra- and infratentorial dural masses. Brain Pathol 2018; 28:1023-1024. [PMID: 30536772 DOI: 10.1111/bpa.12666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Kirschenbaum
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Eugenia Haralambieva
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ewerton Marques Maggio
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - René Bernays
- Neurosurgical Clinic Hirslanden, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ulrike Camenisch
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Elisabeth J Rushing
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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27
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Tripolitsioti D, Kumar KS, Neve A, Migliavacca J, Capdeville C, Rushing EJ, Ma M, Kijima N, Sharma A, Pruschy M, McComb S, Taylor MD, Grotzer MA, Baumgartner M. MAP4K4 controlled integrin β1 activation and c-Met endocytosis are associated with invasive behavior of medulloblastoma cells. Oncotarget 2018; 9:23220-23236. [PMID: 29796184 PMCID: PMC5955425 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 04/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Local tissue infiltration of Medulloblastoma (MB) tumor cells precedes metastatic disease but little is still known about intrinsic regulation of migration and invasion in these cells. We found that MAP4K4, a pro-migratory Ser/Thr kinase, is overexpressed in 30% of primary MB tumors and that increased expression is particularly associated with the frequently metastatic SHH β subtype. MAP4K4 is a driver of migration and invasion downstream of c-Met, which is transcriptionally up-regulated in SHH MB. Consistently, depletion of MAP4K4 in MB tumor cells restricts HGF-driven matrix invasion in vitro and brain tissue infiltration ex vivo. We show that these pro-migratory functions of MAP4K4 involve the activation of the integrin β-1 adhesion receptor and are associated with increased endocytic uptake. The consequent enhanced recycling of c-Met caused by MAP4K4 results in the accumulation of activated c-Met in cytosolic vesicles, which is required for sustained signaling and downstream pathway activation. The parallel increase of c-Met and MAP4K4 expression in SHH MB could predict an increased potential of these tumors to infiltrate brain tissue and cause metastatic disease. Molecular targeting of the underlying accelerated endocytosis and receptor recycling could represent a novel approach to block pro-migratory effector functions of MAP4K4 in metastatic cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitra Tripolitsioti
- University Children's Hospital Zürich, Department of Oncology, Children's Research Center, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Karthiga Santhana Kumar
- University Children's Hospital Zürich, Department of Oncology, Children's Research Center, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Anuja Neve
- University Children's Hospital Zürich, Department of Oncology, Children's Research Center, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Jessica Migliavacca
- University Children's Hospital Zürich, Department of Oncology, Children's Research Center, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Charles Capdeville
- University Children's Hospital Zürich, Department of Oncology, Children's Research Center, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Elisabeth J Rushing
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Min Ma
- University Children's Hospital Zürich, Department of Oncology, Children's Research Center, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Noriyuki Kijima
- Division of Neurosurgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ashish Sharma
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Martin Pruschy
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Scott McComb
- University Children's Hospital Zürich, Department of Oncology, Children's Research Center, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Michael D Taylor
- Division of Neurosurgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Michael A Grotzer
- University Children's Hospital Zürich, Department of Oncology, Children's Research Center, Zürich, Switzerland.,University Children's Hospital Zürich, Department of Oncology, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Martin Baumgartner
- University Children's Hospital Zürich, Department of Oncology, Children's Research Center, Zürich, Switzerland
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28
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Barrantes‐Freer A, Engel AS, Rodríguez‐Villagra OA, Winkler A, Bergmann M, Mawrin C, Kuempfel T, Pellkofer H, Metz I, Bleckmann A, Hernández‐Durán S, Schippling S, Rushing EJ, Frank S, Glatzel M, Matschke J, Hartmann C, Reifenberger G, Müller W, Schildhaus H, Brück W, Stadelmann C. Diagnostic red flags: steroid-treated malignant CNS lymphoma mimicking autoimmune inflammatory demyelination. Brain Pathol 2018; 28:225-233. [PMID: 28213912 PMCID: PMC8028373 DOI: 10.1111/bpa.12496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The presence of inflammation and demyelination in a central nervous system (CNS) biopsy points towards a limited, yet heterogeneous group of pathologies, of which multiple sclerosis (MS) represents one of the principal considerations. Inflammatory demyelination has also been reported in patients with clinically suspected primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL), especially when steroids had been administered prior to biopsy acquisition. The histopathological changes induced by corticosteroid treatment can range from mild reduction to complete disappearance of lymphoma cells. It has been proposed that in the absence of neoplastic B cells, these biopsies are indistinguishable from MS, yet despite the clinical relevance, no histological studies have specifically compared the two entities. In this work, we analyzed CNS biopsies from eight patients with inflammatory demyelination in whom PCNSL was later histologically confirmed, and compared them with nine well defined early active multiple sclerosis lesions. In the patients with steroid-treated PCNSL (ST-PCNSL) the interval between first and second biopsy ranged from 3 to 32 weeks; all of the patients had received corticosteroids before the first, but not the second biopsy. ST-PCNSL patients were older than MS patients (mean age: ST-PCNSL: 62 ± 4 years, MS: 30 ± 2 years), and histological analysis revealed numerous apoptoses, patchy and incomplete rather than confluent and complete demyelination and a fuzzy lesion edge. The loss of Luxol fast blue histochemistry was more profound than that of myelin proteins in immunohistochemistry, and T cell infiltration in ST-PCNSL exceeded that in MS by around fivefold (P = 0.005). Our data indicate that in the presence of extensive inflammation and incomplete, inhomogeneous demyelination, the neuropathologist should refrain from primarily considering autoimmune inflammatory demyelination and, even in the absence of lymphoma cells, instigate close clinical follow-up of the patient to detect recurrent lymphoma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aylin Sophie Engel
- Institute of NeuropathologyUniversity Medical Center GöttingenGöttingenGermany
| | | | - Anne Winkler
- Institute of NeuropathologyUniversity Medical Center GöttingenGöttingenGermany
| | - Markus Bergmann
- Institute of NeuropathologyHospital Bremen MitteBremenGermany
| | - Christian Mawrin
- Institute of NeuropathologyUniversity Hospital MagdeburgMagdeburgGermany
| | - Tania Kuempfel
- Institute of Clinical NeuroimmunologyLudwig‐Maximilians‐UniversityMunichGermany
| | - Hannah Pellkofer
- Institute of NeuropathologyUniversity Medical Center GöttingenGöttingenGermany
| | - Imke Metz
- Institute of NeuropathologyUniversity Medical Center GöttingenGöttingenGermany
| | - Annalen Bleckmann
- Department of Haematology‐Oncology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, GermanyUniversity Medical Center GöttingenGöttingenGermany
| | | | - Sven Schippling
- Clinic for Neurology, University Hospital ZürichZürichSwitzerland
| | | | - Stephan Frank
- Institute of NeuropathologyUniversity Hospital BaselBaselSwitzerland
| | - Markus Glatzel
- Institute of NeuropathologyUniversity Hospital Hamburg‐EppendorfHamburgGermany
| | - Jakob Matschke
- Institute of NeuropathologyUniversity Hospital Hamburg‐EppendorfHamburgGermany
| | - Christian Hartmann
- Department of NeuropathologyInstitute of Pathology, University Medical Center HannoverHannoverGermany
| | | | - Wolf Müller
- Department of NeuropathologyUniversity Medical Center LeipzigLeipzigGermany
| | | | - Wolfgang Brück
- Institute of NeuropathologyUniversity Medical Center GöttingenGöttingenGermany
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29
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Klinzing S, Wenger U, Stretti F, Steiger P, Rushing EJ, Schwarz U, Maggiorini M. Neurologic Injury With Severe Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome in Patients Undergoing Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation. Anesth Analg 2017; 125:1544-1548. [DOI: 10.1213/ane.0000000000002431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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30
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Velz J, Neidert MC, Bozinov O, Grotzer M, Kirschenbaum D, Rushing EJ. Isolated intracerebral Langerhans cell histiocytosis with multifocal lesions. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2017; 64. [PMID: 28436595 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.26546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2016] [Revised: 02/23/2017] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Velz
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Oliver Bozinov
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Michael Grotzer
- Department of Paediatric Haematology/Oncology, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Kirschenbaum
- Department of Neuropathology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Elisabeth J Rushing
- Department of Neuropathology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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31
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Kirschenbaum D, Prömmel P, Vasella F, Haralambieva E, Marques Maggio E, Reisch R, Beer M, Camenisch U, Rushing EJ. Fibrin-associated diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in a hemorrhagic cranial arachnoid cyst. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2017; 5:60. [PMID: 28784166 PMCID: PMC5545859 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-017-0463-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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32
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Schneider H, Lohmann B, Wirsching HG, Hasenbach K, Rushing EJ, Frei K, Pruschy M, Tabatabai G, Weller M. Age-associated and therapy-induced alterations in the cellular microenvironment of experimental gliomas. Oncotarget 2017; 8:87124-87135. [PMID: 29152068 PMCID: PMC5675620 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.19894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 07/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The poor prognosis associated with advanced age in patients with glioblastoma remains poorly understood. Glioblastoma in the elderly has been particularly associated with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-dependent angiogenesis, and early uncontrolled studies suggested that the anti-angiogenic agent bevacizumab (BEV), an antibody to VEGF, might be preferentially active in this patient population. Accordingly, we explored host age-dependent differences in survival and benefit from radiotherapy (RT) or BEV in syngeneic mouse glioma models. Survival was inferior in older mice in the SMA-540 and and less so in SMA-560, but not in the SMA-497 or GL-261 models. Detailed flow cytometric studies revealed increased myeloid and decreased effector T cell population frequencies in SMA-540 tumors of old compared to young mice, but no such difference in the SMA-497 model. Bone marrow transplantation (BMT) from young to old mice had no effect, whereas survival was reduced with BMT from old to young mice. BEV significantly decreased vessel densities in gliomas of old, but not young mice. Accordingly, old, but not young SMA-540 tumor-bearing mice benefited from BEV alone or in combination with RT. End-stage tumors of old BEV- and BEV/RT-treated mice exhibited increased infiltration of T helper and cytotoxic T cells compared to tumors of young mice. The SMA-540 model may provide a valuable tool to evaluate the influence of host age on glioblastoma progression and treatment response. The biological host factors that modulate glioma growth in old as opposed to young mice remain to be identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Schneider
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuro-Oncology, Department of Neurology, University Hospital and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Birthe Lohmann
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuro-Oncology, Department of Neurology, University Hospital and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Hans-Georg Wirsching
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuro-Oncology, Department of Neurology, University Hospital and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Kathy Hasenbach
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuro-Oncology, Department of Neurology, University Hospital and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Elisabeth J Rushing
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Karl Frei
- Center of Neuroscience, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Martin Pruschy
- Laboratory for Molecular Radiobiology, Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ghazaleh Tabatabai
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuro-Oncology, Department of Neurology, University Hospital and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Michael Weller
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuro-Oncology, Department of Neurology, University Hospital and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Center of Neuroscience, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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33
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Myers KA, Mandelstam SA, Ramantani G, Rushing EJ, de Vries BB, Koolen DA, Scheffer IE. The epileptology of Koolen-de Vries syndrome: Electro-clinico-radiologic findings in 31 patients. Epilepsia 2017; 58:1085-1094. [DOI: 10.1111/epi.13746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/08/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth A. Myers
- Department of Medicine; Epilepsy Research Centre; The University of Melbourne, Austin Health; Heidelberg Victoria Australia
- Section of Neurology; Department of Pediatrics; Alberta Children's Hospital; Cumming School of Medicine; University of Calgary; Calgary Alberta Canada
| | - Simone A. Mandelstam
- Department of Paediatrics; The University of Melbourne; Parkville Victoria Australia
- Department of Radiology; The University of Melbourne; Parkville Victoria Australia
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health; Heidelberg Victoria Australia
| | - Georgia Ramantani
- Division of Child Neurology; University Children's Hospital; Zurich Switzerland
- Swiss Epilepsy Center; Zurich Switzerland
| | | | - Bert B. de Vries
- Department of Human Genetics; Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior; Radboud University Medical Center; Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | - David A. Koolen
- Department of Human Genetics; Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior; Radboud University Medical Center; Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | - Ingrid E. Scheffer
- Department of Medicine; Epilepsy Research Centre; The University of Melbourne, Austin Health; Heidelberg Victoria Australia
- Department of Paediatrics; The University of Melbourne; Parkville Victoria Australia
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health; Heidelberg Victoria Australia
- Department of Neurology; Royal Children's Hospital; Parkville Victoria Australia
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Sahm F, Schrimpf D, Stichel D, Jones DTW, Hielscher T, Schefzyk S, Okonechnikov K, Koelsche C, Reuss DE, Capper D, Sturm D, Wirsching HG, Berghoff AS, Baumgarten P, Kratz A, Huang K, Wefers AK, Hovestadt V, Sill M, Ellis HP, Kurian KM, Okuducu AF, Jungk C, Drueschler K, Schick M, Bewerunge-Hudler M, Mawrin C, Seiz-Rosenhagen M, Ketter R, Simon M, Westphal M, Lamszus K, Becker A, Koch A, Schittenhelm J, Rushing EJ, Collins VP, Brehmer S, Chavez L, Platten M, Hänggi D, Unterberg A, Paulus W, Wick W, Pfister SM, Mittelbronn M, Preusser M, Herold-Mende C, Weller M, von Deimling A. DNA methylation-based classification and grading system for meningioma: a multicentre, retrospective analysis. Lancet Oncol 2017; 18:682-694. [PMID: 28314689 DOI: 10.1016/s1470-2045(17)30155-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 497] [Impact Index Per Article: 71.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2016] [Revised: 01/13/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The WHO classification of brain tumours describes 15 subtypes of meningioma. Nine of these subtypes are allotted to WHO grade I, and three each to grade II and grade III. Grading is based solely on histology, with an absence of molecular markers. Although the existing classification and grading approach is of prognostic value, it harbours shortcomings such as ill-defined parameters for subtypes and grading criteria prone to arbitrary judgment. In this study, we aimed for a comprehensive characterisation of the entire molecular genetic landscape of meningioma to identify biologically and clinically relevant subgroups. METHODS In this multicentre, retrospective analysis, we investigated genome-wide DNA methylation patterns of meningiomas from ten European academic neuro-oncology centres to identify distinct methylation classes of meningiomas. The methylation classes were further characterised by DNA copy number analysis, mutational profiling, and RNA sequencing. Methylation classes were analysed for progression-free survival outcomes by the Kaplan-Meier method. The DNA methylation-based and WHO classification schema were compared using the Brier prediction score, analysed in an independent cohort with WHO grading, progression-free survival, and disease-specific survival data available, collected at the Medical University Vienna (Vienna, Austria), assessing methylation patterns with an alternative methylation chip. FINDINGS We retrospectively collected 497 meningiomas along with 309 samples of other extra-axial skull tumours that might histologically mimic meningioma variants. Unsupervised clustering of DNA methylation data clearly segregated all meningiomas from other skull tumours. We generated genome-wide DNA methylation profiles from all 497 meningioma samples. DNA methylation profiling distinguished six distinct clinically relevant methylation classes associated with typical mutational, cytogenetic, and gene expression patterns. Compared with WHO grading, classification by individual and combined methylation classes more accurately identifies patients at high risk of disease progression in tumours with WHO grade I histology, and patients at lower risk of recurrence among WHO grade II tumours (p=0·0096) from the Brier prediction test). We validated this finding in our independent cohort of 140 patients with meningioma. INTERPRETATION DNA methylation-based meningioma classification captures clinically more homogenous groups and has a higher power for predicting tumour recurrence and prognosis than the WHO classification. The approach presented here is potentially very useful for stratifying meningioma patients to observation-only or adjuvant treatment groups. We consider methylation-based tumour classification highly relevant for the future diagnosis and treatment of meningioma. FUNDING German Cancer Aid, Else Kröner-Fresenius Foundation, and DKFZ/Heidelberg Institute of Personalized Oncology/Precision Oncology Program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Sahm
- Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology, Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany; Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Daniel Schrimpf
- Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology, Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Damian Stichel
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - David T W Jones
- Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Hielscher
- Division of Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Schefzyk
- Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology, Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Konstantin Okonechnikov
- Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christian Koelsche
- Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology, Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany; Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - David E Reuss
- Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology, Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany; Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - David Capper
- Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology, Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany; Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Dominik Sturm
- Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Pediatric Oncology, Haematology and Immunology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hans-Georg Wirsching
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Peter Baumgarten
- Neurological Institute (Edinger-Institute), Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Annekathrin Kratz
- Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology, Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany; Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kristin Huang
- Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology, Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany; Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Annika K Wefers
- Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology, Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany; Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Volker Hovestadt
- Division of Molecular Genetics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Martin Sill
- Division of Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hayley P Ellis
- Brain Tumour Research Group, Institute of Clinical Neurosciences, Southmead Hospital, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Kathreena M Kurian
- Brain Tumour Research Group, Institute of Clinical Neurosciences, Southmead Hospital, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Ali Fuat Okuducu
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital Nürnberg, Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Christine Jungk
- Department of Neurosurgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Matthias Schick
- Genomics and Proteomics Core Facility, Micro-Array Unit, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Melanie Bewerunge-Hudler
- Genomics and Proteomics Core Facility, Micro-Array Unit, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christian Mawrin
- Department of Neuropathology, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | | | - Ralf Ketter
- Department of Neurosurgery, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Simon
- Department of Neurosurgery, Evangelische Krankenhaus Bielefeld, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Manfred Westphal
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Katrin Lamszus
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Albert Becker
- Department of Neuropathology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Arend Koch
- Department of Neuropathology, Charité Medical University, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jens Schittenhelm
- Department of Neuropathology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Elisabeth J Rushing
- Department of Neuropathology, University Hospital and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - V Peter Collins
- Department of Molecular Histopathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Stefanie Brehmer
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Lukas Chavez
- Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Platten
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuroimmunology and Brain Tumor Immunology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Neurology Clinic, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany; Neurology Clinic, University Hospital Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Daniel Hänggi
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Andreas Unterberg
- Department of Neurosurgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Werner Paulus
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Wick
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Neurology Clinic, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stefan M Pfister
- Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Pediatric Oncology, Haematology and Immunology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michel Mittelbronn
- Neurological Institute (Edinger-Institute), Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Matthias Preusser
- Department of Medicine I, CNS Tumours Unit, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Michael Weller
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Andreas von Deimling
- Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology, Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany; Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
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Weller M, Roth P, Sahm F, Burghardt I, Schuknecht B, Rushing EJ, Regli L, Lindemann JP, von Deimling A. Durable Control of Metastatic AKT1-Mutant WHO Grade 1 Meningothelial Meningioma by the AKT Inhibitor, AZD5363. J Natl Cancer Inst 2017; 109:1-4. [DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djw320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2016] [Accepted: 06/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Ineichen BV, Weinmann O, Good N, Plattner PS, Wicki C, Rushing EJ, Linnebank M, Schwab ME. Sudan black: a fast, easy and non-toxic method to assess myelin repair in demyelinating diseases. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 2017; 43:242-251. [PMID: 28009439 DOI: 10.1111/nan.12373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2016] [Revised: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 12/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The search for novel drugs that enhance myelin repair in entities such as multiple sclerosis has top priority in neurological research, not least because remyelination can hinder further neurodegeneration in neuro-inflammatory conditions. Recently, several new compounds with the potential to boost remyelination have been identified using high-throughput in vitro screening methods. However, assessing their potential to enhance remyelination in vivo using plastic embedded semi-thin sections or electron microscopy, even though being the gold standard for assessing remyelination, is toxic, extremely time-consuming and expensive. METHODS We screened available myelin dyes for a staining candidate which offers a faster and easier alternative to visualize remyelination in cryo-sections. RESULTS We identified sudan black as a candidate with excellent myelin resolution and we show that our adapted sudan black staining can demonstrate myelin repair in rodent spinal cord cryosections as reliable as in semithin sections, but much faster, easier, less toxic and less expensive. Besides that, it can resolve the small myelinated axons in the corpus callosum. The staining can yet readily be combined with immunostainings which can be challenging in semithin sections. We validated the method in human spinal cord tissue as well as in experimental demyelination of the rat spinal cord by a lysolecithin time course experiment. As proof-of-principle, we demonstrate that sudan black is able to reliably detect the remyelination enhancing properties of benztropine. CONCLUSION Our adapted sudan black staining can be used to rapidly and non-toxically screen for remyelinating therapies in demyelinating diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin V Ineichen
- Brain Research Institute, University of Zurich and Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Zurich, Switzerland.,Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Oliver Weinmann
- Brain Research Institute, University of Zurich and Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Good
- Brain Research Institute, University of Zurich and Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Patricia S Plattner
- Brain Research Institute, University of Zurich and Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Carla Wicki
- Brain Research Institute, University of Zurich and Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Elisabeth J Rushing
- Department of Neuropathology, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Michael Linnebank
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Martin E Schwab
- Brain Research Institute, University of Zurich and Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Zurich, Switzerland
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Neidert MC, Leske H, Frontzek K, Bode B, Capper D, Regli L, Rushing EJ. A 49-year old female with multiple extra-axial tumors. Brain Pathol 2017; 27:235-236. [PMID: 28217955 DOI: 10.1111/bpa.12488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Marian C Neidert
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Henning Leske
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Karl Frontzek
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Beata Bode
- Department of Surgical Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland
| | - David Capper
- Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Luca Regli
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland
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Nuvolone M, Schmid N, Miele G, Sorce S, Moos R, Schori C, Beerli RR, Bauer M, Saudan P, Dietmeier K, Lachmann I, Linnebank M, Martin R, Kallweit U, Kana V, Rushing EJ, Budka H, Aguzzi A. Cystatin F is a biomarker of prion pathogenesis in mice. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0171923. [PMID: 28178353 PMCID: PMC5298286 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0171923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2016] [Accepted: 01/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Misfolding of the cellular prion protein (PrPC) into the scrapie prion protein (PrPSc) results in progressive, fatal, transmissible neurodegenerative conditions termed prion diseases. Experimental and epidemiological evidence point toward a protracted, clinically silent phase in prion diseases, yet there is no diagnostic test capable of identifying asymptomatic individuals incubating prions. In an effort to identify early biomarkers of prion diseases, we have compared global transcriptional profiles in brains from pre-symptomatic prion-infected mice and controls. We identified Cst7, which encodes cystatin F, as the most strongly upregulated transcript in this model. Early and robust upregulation of Cst7 mRNA levels and of its cognate protein was validated in additional mouse models of prion disease. Surprisingly, we found no significant increase in cystatin F levels in both cerebrospinal fluid or brain parenchyma of patients with Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease compared to Alzheimer’s disease or non-demented controls. Our results validate cystatin F as a useful biomarker of early pathogenesis in experimental models of prion disease, and point to unexpected species-specific differences in the transcriptional responses to prion infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Nuvolone
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Schmid
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Gino Miele
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Silvia Sorce
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Rita Moos
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Monika Bauer
- Cytos Biotechnology AG, Zurich-Schlieren, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | - Michael Linnebank
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Roland Martin
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ulf Kallweit
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Neurology; Bern University Hospital and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Veronika Kana
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Herbert Budka
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Adriano Aguzzi
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- * E-mail:
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39
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Mizbani A, Luca E, Rushing EJ, Krützfeldt J. MicroRNA deep sequencing in two adult stem cell populations identifies miR-501 as a novel regulator of myosin heavy chain during muscle regeneration. Development 2016; 143:4137-4148. [PMID: 27707793 PMCID: PMC5117213 DOI: 10.1242/dev.136051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are important regulators of skeletal muscle regeneration, but the underlying mechanisms are still incompletely understood. Here, comparative miRNA sequencing analysis of myogenic progenitor cells (MPs) and non-myogenic fibroblast-adipocyte progenitors (FAPs) during cardiotoxin (CTX)-induced muscle injury uncovered miR-501 as a novel muscle-specific miRNA. miR-501 is an intronic miRNA and its expression levels in MPs correlated with its host gene, chloride channel, voltage-sensitive 5 (Clcn5). Pharmacological inhibition of miR-501 dramatically blunted the induction of embryonic myosin heavy chain (MYH3) and, to a lesser extent, adult myosin isoforms during muscle regeneration, and promoted small-diameter neofibers. An unbiased target identification approach in primary myoblasts validated gigaxonin as a target of miR-501 that mimicked the effect of miR-501 inhibition on MYH3 expression. In the mdx mouse model, which models a pathological disease state, not only was miR-501 induced in regenerating skeletal muscle, but also its serum levels were increased, which correlated with the disease state of the animals. Our results suggest that miR-501 plays a key role in adult muscle regeneration and might serve as a novel serum biomarker for the activation of adult muscle stem cells. Summary: MicroRNA 501 is a novel muscle-specific microRNA that is induced during muscle regeneration and regulates the transition of myosin heavy chains during early myogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Mizbani
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Clinical Nutrition, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich 8091, Switzerland.,Competence Center Personalized Medicine UZH/ETH, ETH Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Edlira Luca
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Clinical Nutrition, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich 8091, Switzerland
| | - Elisabeth J Rushing
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Zurich and University Hospital Zurich, Zurich 8091, Switzerland
| | - Jan Krützfeldt
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Clinical Nutrition, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich 8091, Switzerland .,Competence Center Personalized Medicine UZH/ETH, ETH Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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40
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Seredenina T, Nayernia Z, Sorce S, Maghzal GJ, Filippova A, Ling SC, Basset O, Plastre O, Daali Y, Rushing EJ, Giordana MT, Cleveland DW, Aguzzi A, Stocker R, Krause KH, Jaquet V. Evaluation of NADPH oxidases as drug targets in a mouse model of familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Free Radic Biol Med 2016; 97:95-108. [PMID: 27212019 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2016.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2016] [Revised: 04/29/2016] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is an incurable neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive loss of motor neurons, gliosis, neuroinflammation and oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to evaluate the involvement of NADPH oxidases (NOX) in the oxidative damage and progression of ALS neuropathology. We examined the pattern of NOX expression in spinal cords of patients and mouse models of ALS and analyzed the impact of genetic deletion of the NOX1 and 2 isoforms as well as pharmacological NOX inhibition in the SOD1(G93A) ALS mouse model. A substantial (10-60 times) increase of NOX2 expression was detected in three etiologically different ALS mouse models while up-regulation of some other NOX isoforms was model-specific. In human spinal cord samples, high NOX2 expression was detected in microglia. In contrast to previous publications, survival of SOD1(G93A) mice was not modified upon breeding with constitutive NOX1 and NOX2 deficient mice. As genetic deficiency of a single NOX isoform is not necessarily predictive of a pharmacological intervention, we treated SOD1(G93A) mice with broad-spectrum NOX inhibitors perphenazine and thioridazine. Both compounds reached in vivo CNS concentrations compatible with NOX inhibition and thioridazine significantly decreased superoxide levels in the spinal cord of SOD1(G93A) mice in vivo. Yet, neither perphenazine nor thioridazine prolonged survival. Thioridazine, but not perphenazine, dampened the increase of microglia markers in SOD1(G93A) mice. Thioridazine induced an immediate and temporary enhancement of motor performance (rotarod) but its precise mode of action needs further investigation. Additional studies using specific NOX inhibitors will provide further evidence on the relevance of NOX as drug targets for ALS and other neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Seredenina
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Medical School, University of Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Zeynab Nayernia
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Medical School, University of Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Silvia Sorce
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ghassan J Maghzal
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Vascular Biology Division, 405 Liverpool Street, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia; School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Aleksandra Filippova
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Medical School, University of Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Shuo-Chien Ling
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Department of Physiology, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Olivier Basset
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Medical School, University of Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Olivier Plastre
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Medical School, University of Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Youssef Daali
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Elisabeth J Rushing
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Maria T Giordana
- Department of Neuroscience, Medical School of the University of Turin, Italy
| | - Don W Cleveland
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Adriano Aguzzi
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Roland Stocker
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Vascular Biology Division, 405 Liverpool Street, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia; School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Karl-Heinz Krause
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Medical School, University of Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Genetic and Laboratory Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Switzerland
| | - Vincent Jaquet
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Medical School, University of Geneva, Switzerland.
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Begnami MD, Rushing EJ, Evangelista R, Santi M, Quezado M. Evaluation of RB Gene and Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitors P21 and P27 in Pleomorphic Xantoastrocytoma. Int J Surg Pathol 2016; 14:113-8. [PMID: 16703171 DOI: 10.1177/106689690601400202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Pleomorphic xantoastrocytoma (PXA) is a rare, circumscribed astrocytic tumor that usually occurs in the superficial cerebral hemispheres in children and young adults. Most patients have a favorable prognosis, but recurrence and malignant transformation have been reported. In diffuse gliomas, approximately one third demonstrate mutations of the RB gene. Low expression level and high activity of p27 are known to constitute an independent prognostic factor in patients with malignant gliomas, while p21 expressions have variable labeling ranges. The molecular and genetic basis for tumorigenesis and progression of PXA are still largely unknown. In this study, 13 PXAs were examined immunohistochemically for pRb, p21, and p27 expression. Nine PXAs expressed homogeneous pRb positivity in the most nuclei of the tumor cells. Four cases showed an abnormal pRb staining pattern. All PXAs were positive for nuclear expression of p21. Diffuse nuclear positivity of p27 was seen in 10 cases, focal in 2, and in 1 case was not present. The cases with focal and negative p27 nuclear expression had few pRb-positive nuclei. The majority of PXAs appear to have preserved pRb, p21, and p27 functions. Additional studies are necessary to investigate whether cases with altered pRb and p27 expressions are associated with increased risk of recurrence or malignant transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria D Begnami
- Laboratory of Pathology, Surgical Pathology Section, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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42
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Abstract
Meningiomas are uncommon childhood tumors. They could be of significant size at presentation, which has been associated with difficult surgical excision, high recurrence rate, and possibly aggressive clinical behavior. Monosomy 22 is a common molecular event in this neoplasm. Additionally, losses on chromosomes 1,7,10, and 14 have been identified in clinically aggressive meningiomas. Using chromogenic in situ hybridization, we studied a group of pediatric meningiomas, including neurofibromatosis type II—associated, sporadic, and radiation-induced cases. We found NF2 gene deletion in about 72% of the cases, with corresponding absent or minimal merlin protein expression by immunohistochemistry. Our findings confirm that the NF2 gene plays a role in the tumorigenesis of pediatric meningiomas and that chromogenic in situ hybridization is an efficient, economic, and reliable method for routinely assessing NF2 gene deletion in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria D Begnami
- Laboratory of Pathology, Surgical Pathology Section, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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43
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Lehman NL, Hattab EM, Mobley BC, Usubalieva A, Schniederjan MJ, McLendon RE, Paulus W, Rushing EJ, Georgescu MM, Couce M, Dulai MS, Cohen ML, Pierson CR, Raisanen JM, Martin SE, Lehman TD, Lipp ES, Bonnin JM, Al-Abbadi MA, Kenworthy K, Zhao K, Mohamed N, Zhang G, Zhao W. Morphological and molecular features of astroblastoma, including BRAFV600E mutations, suggest an ontological relationship to other cortical-based gliomas of children and young adults. Neuro Oncol 2016; 19:31-42. [PMID: 27416954 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/now118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Astroblastomas (ABs) are rare glial tumors showing overlapping features with astrocytomas, ependymomas, and sometimes other glial neoplasms, and may be challenging to diagnose. METHODS We examined clinical, histopathological, and molecular features in 28 archival formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded AB cases and performed survival analyses using Cox proportional hazards and Kaplan-Meier methods. RESULTS Unlike ependymomas and angiocentric gliomas, ABs demonstrate abundant distinctive astroblastic pseudorosettes and are usually Olig2 immunopositive. They also frequently exhibit rhabdoid cells, multinucleated cells, and eosinophilic granular material. They retain immunoreactivity to alpha thalassemia/mental retardation syndrome X-linked, are immunonegative to isocitrate dehydrogenase-1 R132H mutation, and only occasionally show MGMT promoter hypermethylation differentiating them from many diffuse gliomas. Like pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma, ganglioglioma, supratentorial pilocytic astrocytoma, and other predominantly cortical-based glial tumors, ABs often harbor the BRAFV600E mutation, present in 38% of cases tested (n = 21), further distinguishing those tumors from ependymomas and angiocentric gliomas. Factors correlating with longer patient survival included age less than 30 years, female gender, absent BRAFV600E , and mitotic index less than 5 mitoses/10 high-power fields; however, only the latter was significant by Cox and Kaplan-Meier analyses (n = 24; P = .024 and .012, respectively). This mitotic cutoff is therefore currently the best criterion to stratify tumors into low-grade ABs and higher-grade anaplastic ABs. CONCLUSIONS In addition to their own characteristic histological features, ABs share some molecular and histological findings with other, possibly ontologically related, cortical-based gliomas of mostly children and young adults. Importantly, the presence of BRAFV600E mutations in a subset of ABs suggests potential clinical utility of targeted anti-BRAF therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norman L Lehman
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio (N.L.L., A.U., C.R.P., K.K., K.Z., N.M., G.Z., W.Z.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana (E.M.H., J.M.B.); Department of Pathology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee (B.C.M.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia (M.J.S.); Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina (R.E.M., E.S.L.); Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Münster, Germany (W.P.); Institute for Neuropathology, University Hospital of Zurich, Switzerland (E.J.R.); Department of Pathology, The University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, Texas (M.-M.G., J.M.R.); Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio (M.C., M.L.C.); Department of Anatomic Pathology, Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oak, Michigan (M.S.D.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio (C.R.P.); Department of Pathology, University of Illinois, Peoria, Illinois (S.E.M.); Department of Pathology, Sheikh Khalifa Medical City, Abu Dhabi, UAE (M.A.A.-A.); Department of Family and Community Medicine, Contra Costa Regional Medical Center, Martinez, California (T.D.L.)
| | - Eyas M Hattab
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio (N.L.L., A.U., C.R.P., K.K., K.Z., N.M., G.Z., W.Z.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana (E.M.H., J.M.B.); Department of Pathology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee (B.C.M.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia (M.J.S.); Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina (R.E.M., E.S.L.); Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Münster, Germany (W.P.); Institute for Neuropathology, University Hospital of Zurich, Switzerland (E.J.R.); Department of Pathology, The University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, Texas (M.-M.G., J.M.R.); Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio (M.C., M.L.C.); Department of Anatomic Pathology, Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oak, Michigan (M.S.D.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio (C.R.P.); Department of Pathology, University of Illinois, Peoria, Illinois (S.E.M.); Department of Pathology, Sheikh Khalifa Medical City, Abu Dhabi, UAE (M.A.A.-A.); Department of Family and Community Medicine, Contra Costa Regional Medical Center, Martinez, California (T.D.L.)
| | - Bret C Mobley
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio (N.L.L., A.U., C.R.P., K.K., K.Z., N.M., G.Z., W.Z.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana (E.M.H., J.M.B.); Department of Pathology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee (B.C.M.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia (M.J.S.); Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina (R.E.M., E.S.L.); Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Münster, Germany (W.P.); Institute for Neuropathology, University Hospital of Zurich, Switzerland (E.J.R.); Department of Pathology, The University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, Texas (M.-M.G., J.M.R.); Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio (M.C., M.L.C.); Department of Anatomic Pathology, Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oak, Michigan (M.S.D.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio (C.R.P.); Department of Pathology, University of Illinois, Peoria, Illinois (S.E.M.); Department of Pathology, Sheikh Khalifa Medical City, Abu Dhabi, UAE (M.A.A.-A.); Department of Family and Community Medicine, Contra Costa Regional Medical Center, Martinez, California (T.D.L.)
| | - Aisulu Usubalieva
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio (N.L.L., A.U., C.R.P., K.K., K.Z., N.M., G.Z., W.Z.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana (E.M.H., J.M.B.); Department of Pathology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee (B.C.M.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia (M.J.S.); Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina (R.E.M., E.S.L.); Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Münster, Germany (W.P.); Institute for Neuropathology, University Hospital of Zurich, Switzerland (E.J.R.); Department of Pathology, The University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, Texas (M.-M.G., J.M.R.); Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio (M.C., M.L.C.); Department of Anatomic Pathology, Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oak, Michigan (M.S.D.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio (C.R.P.); Department of Pathology, University of Illinois, Peoria, Illinois (S.E.M.); Department of Pathology, Sheikh Khalifa Medical City, Abu Dhabi, UAE (M.A.A.-A.); Department of Family and Community Medicine, Contra Costa Regional Medical Center, Martinez, California (T.D.L.)
| | - Matthew J Schniederjan
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio (N.L.L., A.U., C.R.P., K.K., K.Z., N.M., G.Z., W.Z.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana (E.M.H., J.M.B.); Department of Pathology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee (B.C.M.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia (M.J.S.); Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina (R.E.M., E.S.L.); Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Münster, Germany (W.P.); Institute for Neuropathology, University Hospital of Zurich, Switzerland (E.J.R.); Department of Pathology, The University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, Texas (M.-M.G., J.M.R.); Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio (M.C., M.L.C.); Department of Anatomic Pathology, Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oak, Michigan (M.S.D.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio (C.R.P.); Department of Pathology, University of Illinois, Peoria, Illinois (S.E.M.); Department of Pathology, Sheikh Khalifa Medical City, Abu Dhabi, UAE (M.A.A.-A.); Department of Family and Community Medicine, Contra Costa Regional Medical Center, Martinez, California (T.D.L.)
| | - Roger E McLendon
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio (N.L.L., A.U., C.R.P., K.K., K.Z., N.M., G.Z., W.Z.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana (E.M.H., J.M.B.); Department of Pathology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee (B.C.M.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia (M.J.S.); Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina (R.E.M., E.S.L.); Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Münster, Germany (W.P.); Institute for Neuropathology, University Hospital of Zurich, Switzerland (E.J.R.); Department of Pathology, The University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, Texas (M.-M.G., J.M.R.); Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio (M.C., M.L.C.); Department of Anatomic Pathology, Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oak, Michigan (M.S.D.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio (C.R.P.); Department of Pathology, University of Illinois, Peoria, Illinois (S.E.M.); Department of Pathology, Sheikh Khalifa Medical City, Abu Dhabi, UAE (M.A.A.-A.); Department of Family and Community Medicine, Contra Costa Regional Medical Center, Martinez, California (T.D.L.)
| | - Werner Paulus
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio (N.L.L., A.U., C.R.P., K.K., K.Z., N.M., G.Z., W.Z.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana (E.M.H., J.M.B.); Department of Pathology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee (B.C.M.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia (M.J.S.); Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina (R.E.M., E.S.L.); Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Münster, Germany (W.P.); Institute for Neuropathology, University Hospital of Zurich, Switzerland (E.J.R.); Department of Pathology, The University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, Texas (M.-M.G., J.M.R.); Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio (M.C., M.L.C.); Department of Anatomic Pathology, Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oak, Michigan (M.S.D.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio (C.R.P.); Department of Pathology, University of Illinois, Peoria, Illinois (S.E.M.); Department of Pathology, Sheikh Khalifa Medical City, Abu Dhabi, UAE (M.A.A.-A.); Department of Family and Community Medicine, Contra Costa Regional Medical Center, Martinez, California (T.D.L.)
| | - Elisabeth J Rushing
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio (N.L.L., A.U., C.R.P., K.K., K.Z., N.M., G.Z., W.Z.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana (E.M.H., J.M.B.); Department of Pathology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee (B.C.M.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia (M.J.S.); Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina (R.E.M., E.S.L.); Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Münster, Germany (W.P.); Institute for Neuropathology, University Hospital of Zurich, Switzerland (E.J.R.); Department of Pathology, The University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, Texas (M.-M.G., J.M.R.); Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio (M.C., M.L.C.); Department of Anatomic Pathology, Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oak, Michigan (M.S.D.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio (C.R.P.); Department of Pathology, University of Illinois, Peoria, Illinois (S.E.M.); Department of Pathology, Sheikh Khalifa Medical City, Abu Dhabi, UAE (M.A.A.-A.); Department of Family and Community Medicine, Contra Costa Regional Medical Center, Martinez, California (T.D.L.)
| | - Maria-Magdalena Georgescu
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio (N.L.L., A.U., C.R.P., K.K., K.Z., N.M., G.Z., W.Z.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana (E.M.H., J.M.B.); Department of Pathology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee (B.C.M.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia (M.J.S.); Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina (R.E.M., E.S.L.); Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Münster, Germany (W.P.); Institute for Neuropathology, University Hospital of Zurich, Switzerland (E.J.R.); Department of Pathology, The University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, Texas (M.-M.G., J.M.R.); Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio (M.C., M.L.C.); Department of Anatomic Pathology, Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oak, Michigan (M.S.D.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio (C.R.P.); Department of Pathology, University of Illinois, Peoria, Illinois (S.E.M.); Department of Pathology, Sheikh Khalifa Medical City, Abu Dhabi, UAE (M.A.A.-A.); Department of Family and Community Medicine, Contra Costa Regional Medical Center, Martinez, California (T.D.L.)
| | - Marta Couce
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio (N.L.L., A.U., C.R.P., K.K., K.Z., N.M., G.Z., W.Z.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana (E.M.H., J.M.B.); Department of Pathology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee (B.C.M.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia (M.J.S.); Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina (R.E.M., E.S.L.); Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Münster, Germany (W.P.); Institute for Neuropathology, University Hospital of Zurich, Switzerland (E.J.R.); Department of Pathology, The University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, Texas (M.-M.G., J.M.R.); Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio (M.C., M.L.C.); Department of Anatomic Pathology, Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oak, Michigan (M.S.D.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio (C.R.P.); Department of Pathology, University of Illinois, Peoria, Illinois (S.E.M.); Department of Pathology, Sheikh Khalifa Medical City, Abu Dhabi, UAE (M.A.A.-A.); Department of Family and Community Medicine, Contra Costa Regional Medical Center, Martinez, California (T.D.L.)
| | - Mohanpal S Dulai
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio (N.L.L., A.U., C.R.P., K.K., K.Z., N.M., G.Z., W.Z.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana (E.M.H., J.M.B.); Department of Pathology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee (B.C.M.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia (M.J.S.); Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina (R.E.M., E.S.L.); Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Münster, Germany (W.P.); Institute for Neuropathology, University Hospital of Zurich, Switzerland (E.J.R.); Department of Pathology, The University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, Texas (M.-M.G., J.M.R.); Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio (M.C., M.L.C.); Department of Anatomic Pathology, Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oak, Michigan (M.S.D.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio (C.R.P.); Department of Pathology, University of Illinois, Peoria, Illinois (S.E.M.); Department of Pathology, Sheikh Khalifa Medical City, Abu Dhabi, UAE (M.A.A.-A.); Department of Family and Community Medicine, Contra Costa Regional Medical Center, Martinez, California (T.D.L.)
| | - Mark L Cohen
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio (N.L.L., A.U., C.R.P., K.K., K.Z., N.M., G.Z., W.Z.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana (E.M.H., J.M.B.); Department of Pathology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee (B.C.M.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia (M.J.S.); Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina (R.E.M., E.S.L.); Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Münster, Germany (W.P.); Institute for Neuropathology, University Hospital of Zurich, Switzerland (E.J.R.); Department of Pathology, The University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, Texas (M.-M.G., J.M.R.); Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio (M.C., M.L.C.); Department of Anatomic Pathology, Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oak, Michigan (M.S.D.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio (C.R.P.); Department of Pathology, University of Illinois, Peoria, Illinois (S.E.M.); Department of Pathology, Sheikh Khalifa Medical City, Abu Dhabi, UAE (M.A.A.-A.); Department of Family and Community Medicine, Contra Costa Regional Medical Center, Martinez, California (T.D.L.)
| | - Christopher R Pierson
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio (N.L.L., A.U., C.R.P., K.K., K.Z., N.M., G.Z., W.Z.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana (E.M.H., J.M.B.); Department of Pathology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee (B.C.M.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia (M.J.S.); Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina (R.E.M., E.S.L.); Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Münster, Germany (W.P.); Institute for Neuropathology, University Hospital of Zurich, Switzerland (E.J.R.); Department of Pathology, The University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, Texas (M.-M.G., J.M.R.); Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio (M.C., M.L.C.); Department of Anatomic Pathology, Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oak, Michigan (M.S.D.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio (C.R.P.); Department of Pathology, University of Illinois, Peoria, Illinois (S.E.M.); Department of Pathology, Sheikh Khalifa Medical City, Abu Dhabi, UAE (M.A.A.-A.); Department of Family and Community Medicine, Contra Costa Regional Medical Center, Martinez, California (T.D.L.)
| | - Jack M Raisanen
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio (N.L.L., A.U., C.R.P., K.K., K.Z., N.M., G.Z., W.Z.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana (E.M.H., J.M.B.); Department of Pathology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee (B.C.M.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia (M.J.S.); Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina (R.E.M., E.S.L.); Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Münster, Germany (W.P.); Institute for Neuropathology, University Hospital of Zurich, Switzerland (E.J.R.); Department of Pathology, The University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, Texas (M.-M.G., J.M.R.); Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio (M.C., M.L.C.); Department of Anatomic Pathology, Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oak, Michigan (M.S.D.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio (C.R.P.); Department of Pathology, University of Illinois, Peoria, Illinois (S.E.M.); Department of Pathology, Sheikh Khalifa Medical City, Abu Dhabi, UAE (M.A.A.-A.); Department of Family and Community Medicine, Contra Costa Regional Medical Center, Martinez, California (T.D.L.)
| | - Sarah E Martin
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio (N.L.L., A.U., C.R.P., K.K., K.Z., N.M., G.Z., W.Z.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana (E.M.H., J.M.B.); Department of Pathology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee (B.C.M.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia (M.J.S.); Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina (R.E.M., E.S.L.); Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Münster, Germany (W.P.); Institute for Neuropathology, University Hospital of Zurich, Switzerland (E.J.R.); Department of Pathology, The University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, Texas (M.-M.G., J.M.R.); Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio (M.C., M.L.C.); Department of Anatomic Pathology, Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oak, Michigan (M.S.D.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio (C.R.P.); Department of Pathology, University of Illinois, Peoria, Illinois (S.E.M.); Department of Pathology, Sheikh Khalifa Medical City, Abu Dhabi, UAE (M.A.A.-A.); Department of Family and Community Medicine, Contra Costa Regional Medical Center, Martinez, California (T.D.L.)
| | - Trang D Lehman
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio (N.L.L., A.U., C.R.P., K.K., K.Z., N.M., G.Z., W.Z.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana (E.M.H., J.M.B.); Department of Pathology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee (B.C.M.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia (M.J.S.); Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina (R.E.M., E.S.L.); Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Münster, Germany (W.P.); Institute for Neuropathology, University Hospital of Zurich, Switzerland (E.J.R.); Department of Pathology, The University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, Texas (M.-M.G., J.M.R.); Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio (M.C., M.L.C.); Department of Anatomic Pathology, Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oak, Michigan (M.S.D.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio (C.R.P.); Department of Pathology, University of Illinois, Peoria, Illinois (S.E.M.); Department of Pathology, Sheikh Khalifa Medical City, Abu Dhabi, UAE (M.A.A.-A.); Department of Family and Community Medicine, Contra Costa Regional Medical Center, Martinez, California (T.D.L.)
| | - Eric S Lipp
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio (N.L.L., A.U., C.R.P., K.K., K.Z., N.M., G.Z., W.Z.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana (E.M.H., J.M.B.); Department of Pathology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee (B.C.M.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia (M.J.S.); Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina (R.E.M., E.S.L.); Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Münster, Germany (W.P.); Institute for Neuropathology, University Hospital of Zurich, Switzerland (E.J.R.); Department of Pathology, The University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, Texas (M.-M.G., J.M.R.); Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio (M.C., M.L.C.); Department of Anatomic Pathology, Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oak, Michigan (M.S.D.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio (C.R.P.); Department of Pathology, University of Illinois, Peoria, Illinois (S.E.M.); Department of Pathology, Sheikh Khalifa Medical City, Abu Dhabi, UAE (M.A.A.-A.); Department of Family and Community Medicine, Contra Costa Regional Medical Center, Martinez, California (T.D.L.)
| | - Jose M Bonnin
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio (N.L.L., A.U., C.R.P., K.K., K.Z., N.M., G.Z., W.Z.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana (E.M.H., J.M.B.); Department of Pathology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee (B.C.M.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia (M.J.S.); Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina (R.E.M., E.S.L.); Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Münster, Germany (W.P.); Institute for Neuropathology, University Hospital of Zurich, Switzerland (E.J.R.); Department of Pathology, The University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, Texas (M.-M.G., J.M.R.); Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio (M.C., M.L.C.); Department of Anatomic Pathology, Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oak, Michigan (M.S.D.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio (C.R.P.); Department of Pathology, University of Illinois, Peoria, Illinois (S.E.M.); Department of Pathology, Sheikh Khalifa Medical City, Abu Dhabi, UAE (M.A.A.-A.); Department of Family and Community Medicine, Contra Costa Regional Medical Center, Martinez, California (T.D.L.)
| | - Mousa A Al-Abbadi
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio (N.L.L., A.U., C.R.P., K.K., K.Z., N.M., G.Z., W.Z.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana (E.M.H., J.M.B.); Department of Pathology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee (B.C.M.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia (M.J.S.); Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina (R.E.M., E.S.L.); Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Münster, Germany (W.P.); Institute for Neuropathology, University Hospital of Zurich, Switzerland (E.J.R.); Department of Pathology, The University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, Texas (M.-M.G., J.M.R.); Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio (M.C., M.L.C.); Department of Anatomic Pathology, Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oak, Michigan (M.S.D.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio (C.R.P.); Department of Pathology, University of Illinois, Peoria, Illinois (S.E.M.); Department of Pathology, Sheikh Khalifa Medical City, Abu Dhabi, UAE (M.A.A.-A.); Department of Family and Community Medicine, Contra Costa Regional Medical Center, Martinez, California (T.D.L.)
| | - Kara Kenworthy
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio (N.L.L., A.U., C.R.P., K.K., K.Z., N.M., G.Z., W.Z.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana (E.M.H., J.M.B.); Department of Pathology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee (B.C.M.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia (M.J.S.); Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina (R.E.M., E.S.L.); Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Münster, Germany (W.P.); Institute for Neuropathology, University Hospital of Zurich, Switzerland (E.J.R.); Department of Pathology, The University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, Texas (M.-M.G., J.M.R.); Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio (M.C., M.L.C.); Department of Anatomic Pathology, Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oak, Michigan (M.S.D.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio (C.R.P.); Department of Pathology, University of Illinois, Peoria, Illinois (S.E.M.); Department of Pathology, Sheikh Khalifa Medical City, Abu Dhabi, UAE (M.A.A.-A.); Department of Family and Community Medicine, Contra Costa Regional Medical Center, Martinez, California (T.D.L.)
| | - Kevin Zhao
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio (N.L.L., A.U., C.R.P., K.K., K.Z., N.M., G.Z., W.Z.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana (E.M.H., J.M.B.); Department of Pathology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee (B.C.M.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia (M.J.S.); Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina (R.E.M., E.S.L.); Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Münster, Germany (W.P.); Institute for Neuropathology, University Hospital of Zurich, Switzerland (E.J.R.); Department of Pathology, The University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, Texas (M.-M.G., J.M.R.); Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio (M.C., M.L.C.); Department of Anatomic Pathology, Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oak, Michigan (M.S.D.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio (C.R.P.); Department of Pathology, University of Illinois, Peoria, Illinois (S.E.M.); Department of Pathology, Sheikh Khalifa Medical City, Abu Dhabi, UAE (M.A.A.-A.); Department of Family and Community Medicine, Contra Costa Regional Medical Center, Martinez, California (T.D.L.)
| | - Nehad Mohamed
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio (N.L.L., A.U., C.R.P., K.K., K.Z., N.M., G.Z., W.Z.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana (E.M.H., J.M.B.); Department of Pathology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee (B.C.M.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia (M.J.S.); Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina (R.E.M., E.S.L.); Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Münster, Germany (W.P.); Institute for Neuropathology, University Hospital of Zurich, Switzerland (E.J.R.); Department of Pathology, The University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, Texas (M.-M.G., J.M.R.); Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio (M.C., M.L.C.); Department of Anatomic Pathology, Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oak, Michigan (M.S.D.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio (C.R.P.); Department of Pathology, University of Illinois, Peoria, Illinois (S.E.M.); Department of Pathology, Sheikh Khalifa Medical City, Abu Dhabi, UAE (M.A.A.-A.); Department of Family and Community Medicine, Contra Costa Regional Medical Center, Martinez, California (T.D.L.)
| | - Guojuan Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio (N.L.L., A.U., C.R.P., K.K., K.Z., N.M., G.Z., W.Z.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana (E.M.H., J.M.B.); Department of Pathology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee (B.C.M.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia (M.J.S.); Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina (R.E.M., E.S.L.); Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Münster, Germany (W.P.); Institute for Neuropathology, University Hospital of Zurich, Switzerland (E.J.R.); Department of Pathology, The University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, Texas (M.-M.G., J.M.R.); Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio (M.C., M.L.C.); Department of Anatomic Pathology, Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oak, Michigan (M.S.D.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio (C.R.P.); Department of Pathology, University of Illinois, Peoria, Illinois (S.E.M.); Department of Pathology, Sheikh Khalifa Medical City, Abu Dhabi, UAE (M.A.A.-A.); Department of Family and Community Medicine, Contra Costa Regional Medical Center, Martinez, California (T.D.L.)
| | - Weiqiang Zhao
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio (N.L.L., A.U., C.R.P., K.K., K.Z., N.M., G.Z., W.Z.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana (E.M.H., J.M.B.); Department of Pathology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee (B.C.M.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia (M.J.S.); Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina (R.E.M., E.S.L.); Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Münster, Germany (W.P.); Institute for Neuropathology, University Hospital of Zurich, Switzerland (E.J.R.); Department of Pathology, The University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, Texas (M.-M.G., J.M.R.); Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio (M.C., M.L.C.); Department of Anatomic Pathology, Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oak, Michigan (M.S.D.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio (C.R.P.); Department of Pathology, University of Illinois, Peoria, Illinois (S.E.M.); Department of Pathology, Sheikh Khalifa Medical City, Abu Dhabi, UAE (M.A.A.-A.); Department of Family and Community Medicine, Contra Costa Regional Medical Center, Martinez, California (T.D.L.)
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Zhu C, Herrmann US, Falsig J, Abakumova I, Nuvolone M, Schwarz P, Frauenknecht K, Rushing EJ, Aguzzi A. A neuroprotective role for microglia in prion diseases. J Biophys Biochem Cytol 2016. [DOI: 10.1083/jcb.2134oia109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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45
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Gugger A, Barnhill RL, Seifert B, Dehler S, Moch H, Lugassy C, Marques-Maggio E, Rushing EJ, Mihic-Probst D. Cutaneous Melanoma with Brain Metastasis: Report of 193 Patients with New Observations. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0156115. [PMID: 27213536 PMCID: PMC4877095 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0156115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Accepted: 05/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brain metastasis is a common endpoint in patients suffering from malignant melanoma. However, little is known about factors that predispose to brain metastases. OBJECTIVE We performed a retrospective clinical and pathological investigation of melanoma patients with brain metastases in order to better characterise this patient population. METHODS 193 melanoma patients with brain metastasis histologically diagnosed between 1990 and 2015 at the University Hospital Zurich were retrospectively identified and further specified for sex, age at diagnosis and detection of brain metastasis, and localisation. In addition, data were extracted regarding the subtype of primary melanoma, Breslow tumour thickness, Clark Level, mutation status, extent of metastatic spread and history of a second melanoma. RESULTS We found a significant male predominance (n = 126/193; 65%; p < 0.001). Breslow tumour thickness showed a wide range from 0.2 to 12.0 mm (n = 99; median 2.3 mm). 14 of 101 melanomas (14%) were classified as T1, thereof 11 (79%) were found in men. In 32 of 193 patients (17%), the primary melanoma was unknown. CONCLUSIONS Of special interest in our series is the high incidence of male predominance (79%) in cases of thin metastasing melanoma (14%), implicating genetic or epigenetic (hormonal) gender differences underlying tumour progression. Additionally, the high percentage of unknown primary melanoma (17%), at least partly representing completely regressed melanomas, indicates the importance of immune surveillance in melanoma progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alenka Gugger
- Institute of Surgical Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Raymond L. Barnhill
- Departments of Pathology and Translational Research, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Burkhardt Seifert
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Silvia Dehler
- Cancer Registry Zurich and Zug, Institute of Surgical Pathology, University Hospital Zurich and Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Holger Moch
- Institute of Surgical Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Claire Lugassy
- Departments of Pathology and Translational Research, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | | | | | - Daniela Mihic-Probst
- Institute of Surgical Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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46
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Zhu C, Herrmann US, Falsig J, Abakumova I, Nuvolone M, Schwarz P, Frauenknecht K, Rushing EJ, Aguzzi A. A neuroprotective role for microglia in prion diseases. J Exp Med 2016; 213:1047-59. [PMID: 27185853 PMCID: PMC4886355 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20151000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Accepted: 04/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Microglial activation is a hallmark of most neurodegenerative disorders, yet it is not clear if it plays beneficial or deleterious roles. Zhu et al. provide evidence for a general protective role of microglia in the pathogenesis of prion diseases. Microglial activation is a hallmark of most neurodegenerative disorders, and is particularly conspicuous in prion diseases. However, the role of microglia, which function as both primary immune effector cells and professional phagocytes in the central nervous system, remains contentious in the context of neurodegeneration. Here, we evaluated the effect of microglial depletion/deficiency on prion pathogenesis. We found that ganciclovir-mediated microglial ablation on tga20/CD11b-thymidine kinase of Herpes simplex virus (HSVTK) cerebellar organotypic cultured slices markedly aggravated prion-induced neurotoxicity. A similar deterioration of disease was recapitulated in in vivo microglial depletion in prion-infected tga20/CD11b-HSVTK mice. Additionally, deficiency of microglia in interleukin 34 knockout (IL34−/−) mice again resulted in significantly augmented proteinase K–resistant prion protein deposition and accelerated prion disease progression. These results provide unambiguous evidence for a general protective role of microglia in prion pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caihong Zhu
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Uli S Herrmann
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jeppe Falsig
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Irina Abakumova
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Mario Nuvolone
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Petra Schwarz
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Katrin Frauenknecht
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Elisabeth J Rushing
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Adriano Aguzzi
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
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47
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Gramatzki D, Roth P, Felsberg J, Hofer S, Rushing EJ, Hentschel B, Westphal M, Krex D, Simon M, Schnell O, Wick W, Reifenberger G, Weller M. Chemotherapy for intracranial ependymoma in adults. BMC Cancer 2016; 16:287. [PMID: 27108407 PMCID: PMC4842281 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-016-2323-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2015] [Accepted: 04/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ependymal tumors in adults are rare, accounting for less than 4 % of primary tumors of the central nervous system in this age group. The low prevalence of intracranial ependymoma in adults limits the ability to perform clinical trials. Therefore, treatment decisions are based on small, mostly retrospective studies and the role of chemotherapy has remained unclear. Methods We performed a retrospective study on 17 adult patients diagnosed with intracranial World Health Organisation grade II or III ependymoma, who were treated with chemotherapy at any time during the disease course. Benefit from chemotherapy was estimated by applying Macdonald criteria. Progression-free (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were calculated from start of chemotherapy, using the Kaplan-Meier method. Results Eleven patients had supratentorial and 6 infratentorial tumors. Ten patients were treated with temozolomide (TMZ), 3 with procarbazine/lomustine/vincristine (PCV), 3 with platinum-based chemotherapy and 1 patient received epirubicin/ifosfamide. Response rates were as follows: TMZ 8/10 stable disease; PCV 3/3 stable disease; platinum-based chemotherapy 1/3 partial response; epirubicin/ifosfamide 1/1 complete response. PFS rates at 6, 12 and 24 months were 52.9, 35.3 and 23.5 %. OS rates at 6, 12 and 24 months were 82.4, 82.4 and 70.1 %. There was no indication for a favourable prognostic role of O6-methylguanyl-DNA-methyltransferase (MGMT) promoter methylation which was detected in 3/12 investigated tumors. Conclusions Survival outcomes in response to chemotherapy in adult intracranial ependymoma patients vary substantially, but individual patients may respond to any kind of chemotherapy. There were too few patients to compare survival data between chemotherapeutic subgroups. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12885-016-2323-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorothee Gramatzki
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zurich, Frauenklinikstrasse 26, 8091, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Patrick Roth
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zurich, Frauenklinikstrasse 26, 8091, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jörg Felsberg
- Department of Neuropathology, Heinrich-Heine-University, Moorenstrasse 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Essen/Düsseldorf, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69121, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Silvia Hofer
- Department of Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, Rämistrasse 100, 8091, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Elisabeth J Rushing
- Department of Neuropathology, University Hospital Zurich, Schmelzbergstrasse 12, 8091, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Bettina Hentschel
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, University of Leipzig, Härtelstrasse 16-18, 04107, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Manfred Westphal
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20251, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Dietmar Krex
- Department of Neurosurgery, Technical University Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Matthias Simon
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Bonn Medical School, Sigmund-Freud-Strasse 25, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Oliver Schnell
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, Marchionistrasse 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Wick
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neurooncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), and Neurology Clinic and National Center for Tumor Diseases, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 672, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of General Neurology, University Hospital Tübingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Strasse 3, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Guido Reifenberger
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Essen/Düsseldorf, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69121, Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of General Neurology, University Hospital Tübingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Strasse 3, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Michael Weller
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zurich, Frauenklinikstrasse 26, 8091, Zurich, Switzerland.,Department of General Neurology, University Hospital Tübingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Strasse 3, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
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Galimov A, Merry TL, Luca E, Rushing EJ, Mizbani A, Turcekova K, Hartung A, Croce CM, Ristow M, Krützfeldt J. MicroRNA-29a in Adult Muscle Stem Cells Controls Skeletal Muscle Regeneration During Injury and Exercise Downstream of Fibroblast Growth Factor-2. Stem Cells 2016; 34:768-80. [PMID: 26731484 DOI: 10.1002/stem.2281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2015] [Revised: 09/23/2015] [Accepted: 10/31/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The expansion of myogenic progenitors (MPs) in the adult muscle stem cell niche is critical for the regeneration of skeletal muscle. Activation of quiescent MPs depends on the dismantling of the basement membrane and increased access to growth factors such as fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF2). Here, we demonstrate using microRNA (miRNA) profiling in mouse and human myoblasts that the capacity of FGF2 to stimulate myoblast proliferation is mediated by miR-29a. FGF2 induces miR-29a expression and inhibition of miR-29a using pharmacological or genetic deletion decreases myoblast proliferation. Next generation RNA sequencing from miR-29a knockout myoblasts (Pax7(CE/+) ; miR-29a(flox/flox) ) identified members of the basement membrane as the most abundant miR-29a targets. Using gain- and loss-of-function experiments, we confirm that miR-29a coordinately regulates Fbn1, Lamc1, Nid2, Col4a1, Hspg2 and Sparc in myoblasts in vitro and in MPs in vivo. Induction of FGF2 and miR-29a and downregulation of its target genes precedes muscle regeneration during cardiotoxin (CTX)-induced muscle injury. Importantly, MP-specific tamoxifen-induced deletion of miR-29a in adult skeletal muscle decreased the proliferation and formation of newly formed myofibers during both CTX-induced muscle injury and after a single bout of eccentric exercise. Our results identify a novel miRNA-based checkpoint of the basement membrane in the adult muscle stem cell niche. Strategies targeting miR-29a might provide useful clinical approaches to maintain muscle mass in disease states such as ageing that involve aberrant FGF2 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artur Galimov
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Clinical Nutrition, University Zurich and University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Competence Center Personalized Medicine, ETH Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Troy L Merry
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Edlira Luca
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Clinical Nutrition, University Zurich and University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Elisabeth J Rushing
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Zurich and University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Amir Mizbani
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Clinical Nutrition, University Zurich and University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Competence Center Personalized Medicine, ETH Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Katarina Turcekova
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Clinical Nutrition, University Zurich and University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Competence Center Personalized Medicine, ETH Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Angelika Hartung
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Clinical Nutrition, University Zurich and University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Carlo M Croce
- Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Michael Ristow
- Competence Center Personalized Medicine, ETH Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jan Krützfeldt
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Clinical Nutrition, University Zurich and University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Competence Center Personalized Medicine, ETH Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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49
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Neidert MC, Leske H, Burkhardt JK, Kollias SS, Capper D, Schrimpf D, Regli L, Rushing EJ. Synchronous pituitary adenoma and pituicytoma. Hum Pathol 2016; 47:138-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2015.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2015] [Revised: 08/13/2015] [Accepted: 08/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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50
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Petersen JA, Kuntzer T, Fischer D, von der Hagen M, Huebner A, Kana V, Lobrinus JA, Kress W, Rushing EJ, Sinnreich M, Jung HH. Dysferlinopathy in Switzerland: clinical phenotypes and potential founder effects. BMC Neurol 2015; 15:182. [PMID: 26444858 PMCID: PMC4596355 DOI: 10.1186/s12883-015-0449-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2015] [Accepted: 09/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dysferlin is reduced in patients with limb girdle muscular dystrophy type 2B, Miyoshi myopathy, distal anterior compartment myopathy, and in certain Ethnic clusters. Methods We evaluated clinical and genetic patient data from three different Swiss Neuromuscular Centers. Results Thirteen patients from 6 non-related families were included. Age of onset was 18.8 ± 4.3 years. In all patients, diallelic disease-causing mutations were identified in the DYSF gene. Nine patients from 3 non-related families from Central Switzerland carried the identical homozygous mutation, c.3031 + 2T>C. A possible founder effect was confirmed by haplotype analysis. Three patients from two different families carried the heterozygous mutation, c.1064_1065delAA. Two novel mutations were identified (c.2869C>T (p.Gln957Stop), c.5928G>A (p.Trp1976Stop)). Conclusions Our study confirms the phenotypic heterogeneity associated with DYSF mutations. Two mutations (c.3031 + 2T>C, c.1064_1065delAA) appear common in Switzerland. Haplotype analysis performed on one case (c. 3031 + 2T>C) suggested a possible founder effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens A Petersen
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zürich, Frauenklinikstrasse 26, 8091, Zürich, Switzerland.
| | - Thierry Kuntzer
- Nerve-Muscle Unit, Neurology Service, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Dirk Fischer
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
| | | | - Angela Huebner
- Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
| | - Veronika Kana
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.
| | | | - Wolfram Kress
- Institure of Human Genetics, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Elisabeth J Rushing
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.
| | - Michael Sinnreich
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Hans H Jung
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zürich, Frauenklinikstrasse 26, 8091, Zürich, Switzerland.
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