1
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Bredow C, Thery F, Wirth EK, Ochs S, Kespohl M, Kleinau G, Kelm N, Gimber N, Schmoranzer J, Voss M, Klingel K, Spranger J, Renko K, Ralser M, Mülleder M, Heuser A, Knobeloch KP, Scheerer P, Kirwan J, Brüning U, Berndt N, Impens F, Beling A. ISG15 blocks cardiac glycolysis and ensures sufficient mitochondrial energy production during Coxsackievirus B3 infection. Cardiovasc Res 2024; 120:644-657. [PMID: 38309955 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvae026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS Virus infection triggers inflammation and, may impose nutrient shortage to the heart. Supported by type I interferon (IFN) signalling, cardiomyocytes counteract infection by various effector processes, with the IFN-stimulated gene of 15 kDa (ISG15) system being intensively regulated and protein modification with ISG15 protecting mice Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) infection. The underlying molecular aspects how the ISG15 system affects the functional properties of respective protein substrates in the heart are unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS Based on the protective properties due to protein ISGylation, we set out a study investigating CVB3-infected mice in depth and found cardiac atrophy with lower cardiac output in ISG15-/- mice. By mass spectrometry, we identified the protein targets of the ISG15 conjugation machinery in heart tissue and explored how ISGylation affects their function. The cardiac ISGylome showed a strong enrichment of ISGylation substrates within glycolytic metabolic processes. Two control enzymes of the glycolytic pathway, hexokinase 2 (HK2) and phosphofructokinase muscle form (PFK1), were identified as bona fide ISGylation targets during infection. In an integrative approach complemented with enzymatic functional testing and structural modelling, we demonstrate that protein ISGylation obstructs the activity of HK2 and PFK1. Seahorse-based investigation of glycolysis in cardiomyocytes revealed that, by conjugating proteins, the ISG15 system prevents the infection-/IFN-induced up-regulation of glycolysis. We complemented our analysis with proteomics-based advanced computational modelling of cardiac energy metabolism. Our calculations revealed an ISG15-dependent preservation of the metabolic capacity in cardiac tissue during CVB3 infection. Functional profiling of mitochondrial respiration in cardiomyocytes and mouse heart tissue by Seahorse technology showed an enhanced oxidative activity in cells with a competent ISG15 system. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrates that ISG15 controls critical nodes in cardiac metabolism. ISG15 reduces the glucose demand, supports higher ATP production capacity in the heart, despite nutrient shortage in infection, and counteracts cardiac atrophy and dysfunction.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Glycolysis
- Ubiquitins/metabolism
- Ubiquitins/genetics
- Coxsackievirus Infections/metabolism
- Coxsackievirus Infections/virology
- Coxsackievirus Infections/genetics
- Cytokines/metabolism
- Mitochondria, Heart/metabolism
- Mitochondria, Heart/pathology
- Myocytes, Cardiac/metabolism
- Myocytes, Cardiac/virology
- Myocytes, Cardiac/pathology
- Mice, Knockout
- Enterovirus B, Human/pathogenicity
- Enterovirus B, Human/metabolism
- Energy Metabolism
- Disease Models, Animal
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Humans
- Host-Pathogen Interactions
- Male
- Signal Transduction
- Protein Processing, Post-Translational
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Bredow
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Biochemistry, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Fabien Thery
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB-UGent Center for Medical Biotechnology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Eva Katrin Wirth
- Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung, partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sarah Ochs
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Biochemistry, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Meike Kespohl
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Biochemistry, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung, partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Gunnar Kleinau
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Group Protein X-ray Crystallography and Signal Transduction, Charitéplatz 1, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nicolas Kelm
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Biochemistry, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Niclas Gimber
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Advanced Medical Bioimaging Core Facility, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jan Schmoranzer
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Advanced Medical Bioimaging Core Facility, Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Voss
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Biochemistry, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Karin Klingel
- University of Tübingen, Cardiopathology, Institute for Pathology and Neuropathology, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Joachim Spranger
- Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung, partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Berlin, Germany
| | - Kostja Renko
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), German Centre for the Protection of Laboratory Animals (Bf3R), Berlin, Germany
| | - Markus Ralser
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Core Facility-High-Throughput Mass Spectrometry, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Mülleder
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Core Facility-High-Throughput Mass Spectrometry, Berlin, Germany
| | - Arnd Heuser
- Max-Delbrueck-Center (MDC) for Molecular Medicine, Animal Phenotyping Platform, Berlin, Germany
| | - Klaus-Peter Knobeloch
- University of Freiburg, Institute of Neuropathology, Freiburg, Germany
- CIBSS - Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Patrick Scheerer
- Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung, partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Group Protein X-ray Crystallography and Signal Transduction, Charitéplatz 1, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jennifer Kirwan
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité Universitätsmedizin, Metabolomics, Charitéplatz 1 Berlin 10117, Germany
| | - Ulrike Brüning
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité Universitätsmedizin, Metabolomics, Charitéplatz 1 Berlin 10117, Germany
| | - Nikolaus Berndt
- German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), Department of Molecular Toxicology, Nuthetal, Germany
- Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité (DHZC), Institute of Computer-assisted Cardiovascular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Francis Impens
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB-UGent Center for Medical Biotechnology, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Proteomics Core, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Antje Beling
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Biochemistry, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung, partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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2
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Makkonen K, Jännäri M, Crisóstomo L, Kuusi M, Patyra K, Melnyk V, Linnossuo V, Ojala J, Ravi R, Löf C, Mäkelä JA, Miettinen P, Laakso S, Ojaniemi M, Jääskeläinen J, Laakso M, Bossowski F, Sawicka B, Stożek K, Bossowski A, Kleinau G, Scheerer P, FinnGen F, Reeve MP, Kero J. Mechanisms of thyrotropin receptor-mediated phenotype variability deciphered by gene mutations and M453T-knockin model. JCI Insight 2024; 9:e167092. [PMID: 38194289 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.167092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The clinical spectrum of thyrotropin receptor-mediated (TSHR-mediated) diseases varies from loss-of-function mutations causing congenital hypothyroidism to constitutively active mutations (CAMs) leading to nonautoimmune hyperthyroidism (NAH). Variation at the TSHR locus has also been associated with altered lipid and bone metabolism and autoimmune thyroid diseases. However, the extrathyroidal roles of TSHR and the mechanisms underlying phenotypic variability among TSHR-mediated diseases remain unclear. Here we identified and characterized TSHR variants and factors involved in phenotypic variability in different patient cohorts, the FinnGen database, and a mouse model. TSHR CAMs were found in all 16 patients with NAH, with 1 CAM in an unexpected location in the extracellular leucine-rich repeat domain (p.S237N) and another in the transmembrane domain (p.I640V) in 2 families with distinct hyperthyroid phenotypes. In addition, screening of the FinnGen database revealed rare functional variants as well as distinct common noncoding TSHR SNPs significantly associated with thyroid phenotypes, but there was no other significant association between TSHR variants and more than 2,000 nonthyroid disease endpoints. Finally, our TSHR M453T-knockin model revealed that the phenotype was dependent on the mutation's signaling properties and was ameliorated by increased iodine intake. In summary, our data show that TSHR-mediated disease risk can be modified by variants at the TSHR locus both inside and outside the coding region as well as by altered TSHR-signaling and dietary iodine, supporting the need for personalized treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristiina Makkonen
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, and
- Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Meeri Jännäri
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, and
- Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Luís Crisóstomo
- Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Matilda Kuusi
- Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Konrad Patyra
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, and
- Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | | | - Veli Linnossuo
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, and
| | - Johanna Ojala
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, and
| | - Rowmika Ravi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, and
| | - Christoffer Löf
- Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Juho-Antti Mäkelä
- Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Päivi Miettinen
- New Children's Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Saila Laakso
- New Children's Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Marja Ojaniemi
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescence, PEDEGO Research Unit and Medical Research Center, University and University Hospital of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | | | - Markku Laakso
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Filip Bossowski
- Department of Pediatrics, Endocrinology, Diabetes with a Cardiology Unit, Medical University in Białystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Beata Sawicka
- Department of Pediatrics, Endocrinology, Diabetes with a Cardiology Unit, Medical University in Białystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Karolina Stożek
- Department of Pediatrics, Endocrinology, Diabetes with a Cardiology Unit, Medical University in Białystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Artur Bossowski
- Department of Pediatrics, Endocrinology, Diabetes with a Cardiology Unit, Medical University in Białystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Gunnar Kleinau
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, and
- Humboldt - Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Medical Physics, Biophysics, Group Structural Biology of Cellular Signaling, Berlin, Germany
| | - Patrick Scheerer
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, and
- Humboldt - Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Medical Physics, Biophysics, Group Structural Biology of Cellular Signaling, Berlin, Germany
| | - FinnGen FinnGen
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- FinnGen is detailed in Supplemental Acknowledgments
| | - Mary Pat Reeve
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jukka Kero
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, and
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
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3
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Kleinau G, Ali AH, Wiechert F, Szczepek M, Schmidt A, Spahn CMT, Liebscher I, Schöneberg T, Scheerer P. Intramolecular activity regulation of adhesion GPCRs in light of recent structural and evolutionary information. Pharmacol Res 2023; 197:106971. [PMID: 38032292 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
The class B2 of GPCRs known as adhesion G protein-coupled receptors (aGPCRs) has come under increasing academic and nonacademic research focus over the past decade due to their physiological importance as mechano-sensors in cell-cell and cell-matrix contexts. A major advance in understanding signal transduction of aGPCRs was achieved by the identification of the so-called Stachel sequence, which acts as an intramolecular agonist at the interface between the N terminus (Nt) and the seven-transmembrane helix domain (7TMD). Distinct extracellular signals received by the Nt are integrated at the Stachel into structural changes of the 7TMD towards an active state conformation. Until recently, little information was available on how the activation process of aGPCRs is realized at the molecular level. In the past three years several structures of the 7TMD plus the Stachel in complex with G proteins have been determined, which provide new insights into the architecture and molecular function of this receptor class. Herein, we review this structural information to extract common and distinct aGPCR features with particular focus on the Stachel binding site within the 7TMD. Our analysis extends the current view of aGPCR activation and exposes similarities and differences not only between diverse aGPCR members, but also compared to other GPCR classes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gunnar Kleinau
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Group Structural Biology of Cellular Signaling, Charitéplatz 1, D-10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Amal Hassan Ali
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Group Structural Biology of Cellular Signaling, Charitéplatz 1, D-10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Franziska Wiechert
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michal Szczepek
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Group Structural Biology of Cellular Signaling, Charitéplatz 1, D-10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Andrea Schmidt
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Group Structural Biology of Cellular Signaling, Charitéplatz 1, D-10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian M T Spahn
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ines Liebscher
- Rudolf Schönheimer Institute of Biochemistry, Molecular Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Johannisallee 30, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Torsten Schöneberg
- Rudolf Schönheimer Institute of Biochemistry, Molecular Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Johannisallee 30, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; School of Medicine, University of Global Health Equity (UGHE), Kigali, Rwanda.
| | - Patrick Scheerer
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Group Structural Biology of Cellular Signaling, Charitéplatz 1, D-10117 Berlin, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
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4
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Giesecke Y, Asimi V, Stulberg V, Kleinau G, Scheerer P, Koksch B, Grötzinger C. Is the Neuropeptide PEN a Ligand of GPR83? Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15117. [PMID: 37894796 PMCID: PMC10606834 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptor 83 (GPR83) is a class A G protein-coupled receptor with predominant expression in the cerebellum and proposed function in the regulation of food intake and in anxiety-like behavior. The neuropeptide PEN has been suggested as a specific GPR83 ligand. However, conflicting reports exist about whether PEN is indeed able to bind and activate GPR83. This study was initiated to evaluate PEN as a potential ligand of GPR83. Employing several second messenger and other GPCR activation assays as well as a radioligand binding assay, and using multiple GPR83 plasmids and PEN peptides from different sources, no experimental evidence was found to support a role of PEN as a GPR83 ligand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvonne Giesecke
- Tumor Targeting Group, Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Vahid Asimi
- Tumor Targeting Group, Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Valentina Stulberg
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Gunnar Kleinau
- Group Structural Biology of Cellular Signaling, Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Patrick Scheerer
- Group Structural Biology of Cellular Signaling, Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Beate Koksch
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Carsten Grötzinger
- Tumor Targeting Group, Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany
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5
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Smirnova J, Loerke J, Kleinau G, Schmidt A, Bürger J, Meyer EH, Mielke T, Scheerer P, Bock R, Spahn CMT, Zoschke R. Structure of the actively translating plant 80S ribosome at 2.2 Å resolution. Nat Plants 2023; 9:987-1000. [PMID: 37156858 PMCID: PMC10281867 DOI: 10.1038/s41477-023-01407-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
In plant cells, translation occurs in three compartments: the cytosol, the plastids and the mitochondria. While the structures of the (prokaryotic-type) ribosomes in plastids and mitochondria are well characterized, high-resolution structures of the eukaryotic 80S ribosomes in the cytosol have been lacking. Here the structure of translating tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) 80S ribosomes was solved by cryo-electron microscopy with a global resolution of 2.2 Å. The ribosome structure includes two tRNAs, decoded mRNA and the nascent peptide chain, thus providing insights into the molecular underpinnings of the cytosolic translation process in plants. The map displays conserved and plant-specific rRNA modifications and the positions of numerous ionic cofactors, and it uncovers the role of monovalent ions in the decoding centre. The model of the plant 80S ribosome enables broad phylogenetic comparisons that reveal commonalities and differences in the ribosomes of plants and those of other eukaryotes, thus putting our knowledge about eukaryotic translation on a firmer footing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Smirnova
- Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Justus Loerke
- Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Gunnar Kleinau
- Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Group Protein X-ray Crystallography and Signal Transduction, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andrea Schmidt
- Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Group Protein X-ray Crystallography and Signal Transduction, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jörg Bürger
- Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Microscopy and Cryo-Electron Microscopy Service Group, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany
| | - Etienne H Meyer
- Department III, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
- Institut für Pflanzenphysiologie, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Thorsten Mielke
- Microscopy and Cryo-Electron Microscopy Service Group, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany
| | - Patrick Scheerer
- Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Group Protein X-ray Crystallography and Signal Transduction, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ralph Bock
- Department III, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam-Golm, Germany.
| | - Christian M T Spahn
- Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Reimo Zoschke
- Department III, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam-Golm, Germany.
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6
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Schulze AS, Kleinau G, Krakowsky R, Rochmann D, Das R, Worth CL, Krumbholz P, Scheerer P, Stäubert C. Evolutionary analyses reveal immune cell receptor GPR84 as a conserved receptor for bacteria-derived molecules. iScience 2022; 25:105087. [PMID: 36164652 PMCID: PMC9508565 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.105087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The G protein-coupled receptor 84 (GPR84) is found in immune cells and its expression is increased under inflammatory conditions. Activation of GPR84 by medium-chain fatty acids results in pro-inflammatory responses. Here, we screened available vertebrate genome data and found that GPR84 is present in vertebrates for more than 500 million years but absent in birds and a pseudogene in bats. Cloning and functional characterization of several mammalian GPR84 orthologs in combination with evolutionary and model-based structural analyses revealed evidence for positive selection of bear GPR84 orthologs. Naturally occurring human GPR84 variants are most frequent in Asian populations causing a loss of function. Further, we identified cis- and trans-2-decenoic acid, both known to mediate bacterial communication, as evolutionary highly conserved ligands. Our integrated set of approaches contributes to a comprehensive understanding of GPR84 in terms of evolutionary and structural aspects, highlighting GPR84 as a conserved immune cell receptor for bacteria-derived molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amadeus Samuel Schulze
- Rudolf Schönheimer Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Leipzig University, Johannisallee 30, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Gunnar Kleinau
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Group Protein X-ray Crystallography and Signal Transduction, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Rosanna Krakowsky
- Rudolf Schönheimer Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Leipzig University, Johannisallee 30, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - David Rochmann
- Rudolf Schönheimer Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Leipzig University, Johannisallee 30, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ranajit Das
- Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya University, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Catherine L Worth
- Independent Data Lab UG, Frauenmantelanger 31, 80937 Munich, Germany
| | - Petra Krumbholz
- Rudolf Schönheimer Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Leipzig University, Johannisallee 30, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Patrick Scheerer
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Group Protein X-ray Crystallography and Signal Transduction, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Claudia Stäubert
- Rudolf Schönheimer Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Leipzig University, Johannisallee 30, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
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7
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Hegner B, Kretzschmar T, Zhu N, Kleinau G, Zhao H, Kamhieh-Milz J, Hilger J, Schindler R, Scheerer P, Riemekasten G, Philippe A, Catar R. Autoimmune activation and hypersensitization of the AT1 and ETA receptors contributes to vascular injury in scleroderma renal crisis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2022:6760256. [PMID: 36227102 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keac594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Scleroderma renal crisis (SRC) is a rare vascular complication of systemic sclerosis with substantial risks for end-stage renal disease and premature death. Activating autoantibodies (Abs) targeting the angiotensin II type 1 (AT1R) and the endothelin-1 type A receptor (ETAR) have been identified as predictors for SRC. Here, we sought to determine their pathogenic significance for acute renal vascular injury potentially triggering kidney failure and malignant hypertension. METHODS IgG from patients with SRC was studied for AT1R and ETAR dependent biologic effects on isolated rat renal interlobar arteries and vascular cells including contraction, signalling, and mechanisms of receptor activation. RESULTS In myography experiments, patient IgG exerted vasoconstriction sensitive to inhibition of AT1R and ETAR. This relied on MEK-ERK signalling indicating functional relevance of anti-AT1R and anti-ETAR Abs. The contractile response to angiotensin II and endothelin-1 was amplified by patient IgG containing anti-AT1R and anti-ETAR Abs with substantial crosstalk between both receptors implicating autoimmune receptor hypersensitization. Co-immunoprecipitation experiments indicated heterodimerization between both receptor types which may enable the observed functional interrelation by direct structural interactions. CONCLUSION We provide experimental evidence that agonistic Abs may contribute to SRC. This effect is presumably related to direct receptor stimulation and additional allosteric effects, at least in heterodimeric receptor constellations. Novel therapies targeted at autoimmune hyperactivation of AT1R and ETAR might improve outcomes in severe cases of SRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Björn Hegner
- Department of Nephrology and Critical Care Medicine, Campus Virchow Klinikum, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Vitanas Hospital for Geriatric Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tobias Kretzschmar
- Department of Internal Medicine Emergency Care, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nan Zhu
- Department of Nephrology and Critical Care Medicine, Campus Virchow Klinikum, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Shanghai general hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Gunnar Kleinau
- Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Group Protein X-ray Crystallography and Signal Transduction, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Hongfan Zhao
- Department of Nephrology and Critical Care Medicine, Campus Virchow Klinikum, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Julian Kamhieh-Milz
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Julia Hilger
- Department of Rheumatology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ralf Schindler
- Department of Nephrology and Critical Care Medicine, Campus Virchow Klinikum, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Nierenzentrum Zehlendorf, Berlin, Germany
| | - Patrick Scheerer
- Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Group Protein X-ray Crystallography and Signal Transduction, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin
| | - Gabriela Riemekasten
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Aurélie Philippe
- Department of Nephrology and Critical Care Medicine, Campus Virchow Klinikum, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,BIH Biomedical Innovation Academy, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Rusan Catar
- Department of Nephrology and Critical Care Medicine, Campus Virchow Klinikum, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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8
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Speck D, Kleinau G, Szczepek M, Kwiatkowski D, Catar R, Philippe A, Scheerer P. Angiotensin and Endothelin Receptor Structures With Implications for Signaling Regulation and Pharmacological Targeting. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:880002. [PMID: 35518926 PMCID: PMC9063481 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.880002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
In conjunction with the endothelin (ET) type A (ETAR) and type B (ETBR) receptors, angiotensin (AT) type 1 (AT1R) and type 2 (AT2R) receptors, are peptide-binding class A G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) acting in a physiologically overlapping context. Angiotensin receptors (ATRs) are involved in regulating cell proliferation, as well as cardiovascular, renal, neurological, and endothelial functions. They are important therapeutic targets for several diseases or pathological conditions, such as hypertrophy, vascular inflammation, atherosclerosis, angiogenesis, and cancer. Endothelin receptors (ETRs) are expressed primarily in blood vessels, but also in the central nervous system or epithelial cells. They regulate blood pressure and cardiovascular homeostasis. Pathogenic conditions associated with ETR dysfunctions include cancer and pulmonary hypertension. While both receptor groups are activated by their respective peptide agonists, pathogenic autoantibodies (auto-Abs) can also activate the AT1R and ETAR accompanied by respective clinical conditions. To date, the exact mechanisms and differences in binding and receptor-activation mediated by auto-Abs as opposed to endogenous ligands are not well understood. Further, several questions regarding signaling regulation in these receptors remain open. In the last decade, several receptor structures in the apo- and ligand-bound states were determined with protein X-ray crystallography using conventional synchrotrons or X-ray Free-Electron Lasers (XFEL). These inactive and active complexes provide detailed information on ligand binding, signal induction or inhibition, as well as signal transduction, which is fundamental for understanding properties of different activity states. They are also supportive in the development of pharmacological strategies against dysfunctions at the receptors or in the associated signaling axis. Here, we summarize current structural information for the AT1R, AT2R, and ETBR to provide an improved molecular understanding.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Speck
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Group Protein X-ray Crystallography and Signal Transduction, Berlin, Germany
| | - Gunnar Kleinau
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Group Protein X-ray Crystallography and Signal Transduction, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michal Szczepek
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Group Protein X-ray Crystallography and Signal Transduction, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dennis Kwiatkowski
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Group Protein X-ray Crystallography and Signal Transduction, Berlin, Germany
| | - Rusan Catar
- Department of Nephrology and Critical Care Medicine, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Aurélie Philippe
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Center for Cardiovascular Research, Berlin, Germany
| | - Patrick Scheerer
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Group Protein X-ray Crystallography and Signal Transduction, Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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9
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Philippe A, Kleinau G, Gruner JJ, Wu S, Postpieszala D, Speck D, Heidecke H, Dowell SJ, Riemekasten G, Hildebrand PW, Kamhieh-Milz J, Catar R, Szczepek M, Dragun D, Scheerer P. Molecular Effects of Auto-Antibodies on Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Signaling and Cell Proliferation. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073984. [PMID: 35409344 PMCID: PMC8999261 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The angiotensin II (Ang II) type 1 receptor (AT1R) is involved in the regulation of blood pressure (through vasoconstriction) and water and ion homeostasis (mediated by interaction with the endogenous agonist). AT1R can also be activated by auto-antibodies (AT1R-Abs), which are associated with manifold diseases, such as obliterative vasculopathy, preeclampsia and systemic sclerosis. Knowledge of the molecular mechanisms related to AT1R-Abs binding and associated signaling cascade (dys-)regulation remains fragmentary. The goal of this study was, therefore, to investigate details of the effects of AT1R-Abs on G-protein signaling and subsequent cell proliferation, as well as the putative contribution of the three extracellular receptor loops (ELs) to Abs-AT1R signaling. AT1R-Abs induced nuclear factor of activated T-cells (NFAT) signaling, which reflects Gq/11 and Gi activation. The impact on cell proliferation was tested in different cell systems, as well as activation-triggered receptor internalization. Blockwise alanine substitutions were designed to potentially investigate the role of ELs in AT1R-Abs-mediated effects. First, we demonstrate that Ang II-mediated internalization of AT1R is impeded by binding of AT1R-Abs. Secondly, exclusive AT1R-Abs-induced Gq/11 activation is most significant for NFAT stimulation and mediates cell proliferation. Interestingly, our studies also reveal that ligand-independent, baseline AT1R activation of Gi signaling has, in turn, a negative effect on cell proliferation. Indeed, inhibition of Gi basal activity potentiates proliferation triggered by AT1R-Abs. Finally, although AT1R containing EL1 and EL3 blockwise alanine mutations were not expressed on the human embryonic kidney293T (HEK293T) cell surface, we at least confirmed that parts of EL2 are involved in interactions between AT1R and Abs. This current study thus provides extended insights into the molecular action of AT1R-Abs and associated mechanisms of interrelated pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélie Philippe
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, BIH Biomedical Innovation Academy, D-10178 Berlin, Germany
- Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Campus Virchow Klinikum, D-13353 Berlin, Germany; (J.J.G.); (S.W.); (D.P.); (R.C.)
- Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Center for Cardiovascular Research, D-10117 Berlin, Germany
- Correspondence: (A.P.); (P.S.); Tel.: +49-30450559318 (A.P.); +49-30450524178 (P.S.)
| | - Gunnar Kleinau
- Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Group Protein X-ray Crystallography and Signal Transduction, D-10117 Berlin, Germany; (G.K.); (D.S.); (P.W.H.); (M.S.)
| | - Jason Jannis Gruner
- Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Campus Virchow Klinikum, D-13353 Berlin, Germany; (J.J.G.); (S.W.); (D.P.); (R.C.)
- Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Center for Cardiovascular Research, D-10117 Berlin, Germany
- Vivantes Humboldt-Klinikum, Department of Urology, D-13509 Berlin, Germany
| | - Sumin Wu
- Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Campus Virchow Klinikum, D-13353 Berlin, Germany; (J.J.G.); (S.W.); (D.P.); (R.C.)
- Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Center for Cardiovascular Research, D-10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Daniel Postpieszala
- Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Campus Virchow Klinikum, D-13353 Berlin, Germany; (J.J.G.); (S.W.); (D.P.); (R.C.)
- Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Center for Cardiovascular Research, D-10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - David Speck
- Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Group Protein X-ray Crystallography and Signal Transduction, D-10117 Berlin, Germany; (G.K.); (D.S.); (P.W.H.); (M.S.)
| | | | | | - Gabriela Riemekasten
- Priority Area Asthma & Allergy, Research Center Borstel, Airway Research Center North (ARCN), Members of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), D-23845 Borstel, Germany;
- University of Lübeck, University Clinic Schleswig-Holstein, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Campus Lübeck, D-23538 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Peter W. Hildebrand
- Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Group Protein X-ray Crystallography and Signal Transduction, D-10117 Berlin, Germany; (G.K.); (D.S.); (P.W.H.); (M.S.)
- Leipzig University, Medical Faculty Leipzig, Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, D-04107 Leipzig, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, D-10178 Berlin, Germany
| | - Julian Kamhieh-Milz
- Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Transfusion Medicine, D-10117 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Rusan Catar
- Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Campus Virchow Klinikum, D-13353 Berlin, Germany; (J.J.G.); (S.W.); (D.P.); (R.C.)
- Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Center for Cardiovascular Research, D-10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Michal Szczepek
- Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Group Protein X-ray Crystallography and Signal Transduction, D-10117 Berlin, Germany; (G.K.); (D.S.); (P.W.H.); (M.S.)
| | - Duska Dragun
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, BIH Biomedical Innovation Academy, D-10178 Berlin, Germany
- Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Campus Virchow Klinikum, D-13353 Berlin, Germany; (J.J.G.); (S.W.); (D.P.); (R.C.)
- Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Center for Cardiovascular Research, D-10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Patrick Scheerer
- Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Group Protein X-ray Crystallography and Signal Transduction, D-10117 Berlin, Germany; (G.K.); (D.S.); (P.W.H.); (M.S.)
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, D-13353 Berlin, Germany
- Correspondence: (A.P.); (P.S.); Tel.: +49-30450559318 (A.P.); +49-30450524178 (P.S.)
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10
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Speck D, Kleinau G, Meininghaus M, Erbe A, Einfeldt A, Szczepek M, Scheerer P, Pütter V. Expression and Characterization of Relaxin Family Peptide Receptor 1 Variants. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:826112. [PMID: 35153771 PMCID: PMC8832513 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.826112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
G-protein coupled receptors (GPCR) transduce extracellular stimuli into the cell interior and are thus centrally involved in almost all physiological-neuronal processes. This essential function and association with many diseases or pathological conditions explain why GPCRs are one of the priority targets in medical and pharmacological research, including structure determination. Despite enormous experimental efforts over the last decade, both the expression and purification of these membrane proteins remain elusive. This is attributable to specificities of each GPCR subtype and the finding of necessary experimental in vitro conditions, such as expression in heterologous cell systems or with accessory proteins. One of these specific GPCRs is the leucine-rich repeat domain (LRRD) containing GPCR 7 (LGR7), also termed relaxin family peptide receptor 1 (RXFP1). This receptor is characterized by a large extracellular region of around 400 amino acids constituted by several domains, a rare feature among rhodopsin-like (class A) GPCRs. In the present study, we describe the expression and purification of RXFP1, including the design of various constructs suitable for functional/biophysical studies and structure determination. Based on available sequence information, homology models, and modern biochemical and genetic tools, several receptor variations with different purification tags and fusion proteins were prepared and expressed in Sf9 cells (small-scale), followed by an analytic fluorescence-detection size-exclusion chromatography (F-SEC) to evaluate the constructs. The most promising candidates were expressed and purified on a large-scale, accompanied by ligand binding studies using surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy (SPR) and by determination of signaling capacities. The results may support extended studies on RXFP1 receptor constructs serving as targets for small molecule ligand screening or structural elucidation by protein X-ray crystallography or cryo-electron microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Speck
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Group Protein X-ray Crystallography & Signal Transduction, Berlin, Germany
| | - Gunnar Kleinau
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Group Protein X-ray Crystallography & Signal Transduction, Berlin, Germany
| | - Mark Meininghaus
- Bayer AG, Research and Development, Pharmaceuticals, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Antje Erbe
- Bayer AG, Research and Development, Pharmaceuticals, Berlin, Germany
- NUVISAN ICB GmbH, Berlin, Germany
| | - Alexandra Einfeldt
- Bayer AG, Research and Development, Pharmaceuticals, Berlin, Germany
- NUVISAN ICB GmbH, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michal Szczepek
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Group Protein X-ray Crystallography & Signal Transduction, Berlin, Germany
| | - Patrick Scheerer
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Group Protein X-ray Crystallography & Signal Transduction, Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- *Correspondence: Patrick Scheerer, ; Vera Pütter,
| | - Vera Pütter
- Bayer AG, Research and Development, Pharmaceuticals, Berlin, Germany
- NUVISAN ICB GmbH, Berlin, Germany
- *Correspondence: Patrick Scheerer, ; Vera Pütter,
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11
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Voss M, Kleinau G, Gimber N, Janek K, Bredow C, Thery F, Impens F, Schmoranzer J, Scheerer P, Kloetzel PM, Beling A. A cytosolic disulfide bridge-supported dimerization is crucial for stability and cellular distribution of Coxsackievirus B3 protein 3A. FEBS J 2022; 289:3826-3838. [PMID: 35066984 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
RNA viruses in the Picornaviridae family express a large 250 kDa viral polyprotein that is processed by virus-encoded proteinases into mature functional proteins with specific functions for virus replication. One of these proteins is the highly conserved enteroviral transmembrane protein 3A that assists in reorganizing cellular membranes associated with the Golgi apparatus. Here, we studied the molecular properties of the Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) protein 3A with regard to its dimerization and its functional stability. By applying mutational analysis and biochemical characterization, we demonstrate that protein 3A forms DTT-sensitive disulfide-linked dimers via a conserved cytosolic cysteine residue at position 38 (Cys38). Homodimerization of CVB3 protein 3A via Cys38 leads to profound stabilization of the protein, whereas a C38A mutation promotes a rapid proteasome-dependent elimination of its monomeric form. The lysosomotropic agent chloroquine (CQ) exerted only minor stabilizing effects on the 3A monomer but resulted in enrichment of the homodimer. Our experimental data demonstrate that disulfide linkages via a highly conserved Cys-residue in enteroviral protein 3A have an important role in the dimerization of this viral protein, thereby preserving its stability and functional integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Voss
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Biochemistry, Berlin, D-10117, Germany
| | - Gunnar Kleinau
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Group Protein X-ray Crystallography and Signal Transduction, Berlin, Germany
| | - Niclas Gimber
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, AMBIO - Advanced Medical Bioimaging Core Facility, Berlin, Germany
| | - Katharina Janek
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Biochemistry, Berlin, D-10117, Germany
| | - Clara Bredow
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Biochemistry, Berlin, D-10117, Germany
| | - Fabien Thery
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Belgium.,VIB Center for Medical Biotechnology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Francis Impens
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Belgium.,VIB Center for Medical Biotechnology, Ghent, Belgium.,VIB Proteomics Core, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jan Schmoranzer
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, AMBIO - Advanced Medical Bioimaging Core Facility, Berlin, Germany
| | - Patrick Scheerer
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Group Protein X-ray Crystallography and Signal Transduction, Berlin, Germany.,Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung (DZHK), partner site Berlin, Germany
| | - Peter-Michael Kloetzel
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Biochemistry, Berlin, D-10117, Germany
| | - Antje Beling
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Biochemistry, Berlin, D-10117, Germany.,Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung (DZHK), partner site Berlin, Germany
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12
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Catar R, Herse-Naether M, Zhu N, Wagner P, Wischnewski O, Kusch A, Kamhieh-Milz J, Eisenreich A, Rauch U, Hegner B, Heidecke H, Kill A, Riemekasten G, Kleinau G, Scheerer P, Dragun D, Philippe A. Autoantibodies Targeting AT 1- and ET A-Receptors Link Endothelial Proliferation and Coagulation via Ets-1 Transcription Factor. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 23:244. [PMID: 35008670 PMCID: PMC8745726 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Scleroderma renal crisis (SRC) is an acute life-threatening manifestation of systemic sclerosis (SSc) caused by obliterative vasculopathy and thrombotic microangiopathy. Evidence suggests a pathogenic role of immunoglobulin G (IgG) targeting G-protein coupled receptors (GPCR). We therefore dissected SRC-associated vascular obliteration and investigated the specific effects of patient-derived IgG directed against angiotensin II type 1 (AT1R) and endothelin-1 type A receptors (ETAR) on downstream signaling events and endothelial cell proliferation. SRC-IgG triggered endothelial cell proliferation via activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway and subsequent activation of the E26 transformation-specific-1 transcription factor (Ets-1). Either AT1R or ETAR receptor inhibitors/shRNA abrogated endothelial proliferation, confirming receptor activation and Ets-1 signaling involvement. Binding of Ets-1 to the tissue factor (TF) promoter exclusively induced TF. In addition, TF inhibition prevented endothelial cell proliferation. Thus, our data revealed a thus far unknown link between SRC-IgG-induced intracellular signaling, endothelial cell proliferation and active coagulation in the context of obliterative vasculopathy and SRC. Patients' autoantibodies and their molecular effectors represent new therapeutic targets to address severe vascular complications in SSc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rusan Catar
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (M.H.-N.); (N.Z.); (P.W.); (O.W.); (A.K.); (B.H.)
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Melanie Herse-Naether
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (M.H.-N.); (N.Z.); (P.W.); (O.W.); (A.K.); (B.H.)
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Nan Zhu
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (M.H.-N.); (N.Z.); (P.W.); (O.W.); (A.K.); (B.H.)
- Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Philine Wagner
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (M.H.-N.); (N.Z.); (P.W.); (O.W.); (A.K.); (B.H.)
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Oskar Wischnewski
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (M.H.-N.); (N.Z.); (P.W.); (O.W.); (A.K.); (B.H.)
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Angelika Kusch
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (M.H.-N.); (N.Z.); (P.W.); (O.W.); (A.K.); (B.H.)
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, BIH Biomedical Innovation Academy, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Julian Kamhieh-Milz
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Andreas Eisenreich
- Department of Cardiology, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (A.E.); (U.R.)
| | - Ursula Rauch
- Department of Cardiology, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (A.E.); (U.R.)
| | - Björn Hegner
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (M.H.-N.); (N.Z.); (P.W.); (O.W.); (A.K.); (B.H.)
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Vitanas Klinik für Geriatrie, 13435 Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Angela Kill
- Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum (DRFZ), A. Leibniz Institute, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (A.K.); (G.R.)
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, CCM, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Gabriela Riemekasten
- Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum (DRFZ), A. Leibniz Institute, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (A.K.); (G.R.)
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, CCM, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Priority Area Asthma & Allergy, Research Center Borstel, Airway Research Center North (ARCN), Members of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 23845 Borstel, Germany
| | - Gunnar Kleinau
- Group Protein X-ray Crystallography and Signal Transduction, Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (G.K.); (P.S.)
| | - Patrick Scheerer
- Group Protein X-ray Crystallography and Signal Transduction, Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (G.K.); (P.S.)
- DZHK (Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf Forschung), Partner Site Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Duska Dragun
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (M.H.-N.); (N.Z.); (P.W.); (O.W.); (A.K.); (B.H.)
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, BIH Biomedical Innovation Academy, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Aurelie Philippe
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (M.H.-N.); (N.Z.); (P.W.); (O.W.); (A.K.); (B.H.)
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, BIH Biomedical Innovation Academy, 10117 Berlin, Germany
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13
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Wallach T, Mossmann ZJ, Szczepek M, Wetzel M, Machado R, Raden M, Miladi M, Kleinau G, Krüger C, Dembny P, Adler D, Zhai Y, Kumbol V, Dzaye O, Schüler J, Futschik M, Backofen R, Scheerer P, Lehnardt S. MicroRNA-100-5p and microRNA-298-5p released from apoptotic cortical neurons are endogenous Toll-like receptor 7/8 ligands that contribute to neurodegeneration. Mol Neurodegener 2021; 16:80. [PMID: 34838071 PMCID: PMC8626928 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-021-00498-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background MicroRNA (miRNA) expression in the brain is altered in neurodegenerative diseases. Recent studies demonstrated that selected miRNAs conventionally regulating gene expression at the post-transcriptional level can act extracellularly as signaling molecules. The identity of miRNA species serving as membrane receptor ligands involved in neuronal apoptosis in the central nervous system (CNS), as well as the miRNAs’ sequence and structure required for this mode of action remained largely unresolved. Methods Using a microarray-based screening approach we analyzed apoptotic cortical neurons of C56BL/6 mice and their supernatant with respect to alterations in miRNA expression/presence. HEK-Blue Toll-like receptor (TLR) 7/8 reporter cells, primary microglia and macrophages derived from human and mouse were employed to test the potential of the identified miRNAs released from apoptotic neurons to serve as signaling molecules for the RNA-sensing receptors. Biophysical and bioinformatical approaches, as well as immunoassays and sequential microscopy were used to analyze the interaction between candidate miRNA and TLR. Immunocytochemical and -histochemical analyses of murine CNS cultures and adult mice intrathecally injected with miRNAs, respectively, were performed to evaluate the impact of miRNA-induced TLR activation on neuronal survival and microglial activation. Results We identified a specific pattern of miRNAs released from apoptotic cortical neurons that activate TLR7 and/or TLR8, depending on sequence and species. Exposure of microglia and macrophages to certain miRNA classes released from apoptotic neurons resulted in the sequence-specific production of distinct cytokines/chemokines and increased phagocytic activity. Out of those miRNAs miR-100-5p and miR-298-5p, which have consistently been linked to neurodegenerative diseases, entered microglia, located to their endosomes, and directly bound to human TLR8. The miRNA-TLR interaction required novel sequence features, but no specific structure formation of mature miRNA. As a consequence of miR-100-5p- and miR-298-5p-induced TLR activation, cortical neurons underwent cell-autonomous apoptosis. Presence of miR-100-5p and miR-298-5p in cerebrospinal fluid led to neurodegeneration and microglial accumulation in the murine cerebral cortex through TLR7 signaling. Conclusion Our data demonstrate that specific miRNAs are released from apoptotic cortical neurons, serve as endogenous TLR7/8 ligands, and thereby trigger further neuronal apoptosis in the CNS. Our findings underline the recently discovered role of miRNAs as extracellular signaling molecules, particularly in the context of neurodegeneration. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13024-021-00498-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Wallach
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Zoé J Mossmann
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michal Szczepek
- Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, Group Protein X-ray Crystallography & Signal Transduction, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Max Wetzel
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Rui Machado
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Medicine, University of Algarve, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
| | - Martin Raden
- Bioinformatics, Department of Computer Science, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Milad Miladi
- Bioinformatics, Department of Computer Science, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Gunnar Kleinau
- Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, Group Protein X-ray Crystallography & Signal Transduction, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christina Krüger
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Paul Dembny
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Drew Adler
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Yuanyuan Zhai
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Victor Kumbol
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Omar Dzaye
- Department of Radiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jutta Schüler
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Matthias Futschik
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Medicine, University of Algarve, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal.,School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, PL6 8BU, UK.,MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences (LMS), Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Rolf Backofen
- Bioinformatics, Department of Computer Science, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Patrick Scheerer
- Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, Group Protein X-ray Crystallography & Signal Transduction, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117, Berlin, Germany.,German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Seija Lehnardt
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117, Berlin, Germany. .,Department of Neurology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117, Berlin, Germany.
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14
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Hong TI, Hwang KS, Choi TI, Kleinau G, Scheerer P, Bang JK, Jung SH, Kim CH. Zebrafish Bioassay for Screening Therapeutic Candidates Based on Melanotrophic Activity. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:9313. [PMID: 34502223 PMCID: PMC8431389 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we used the zebrafish animal model to establish a bioassay by which physiological efficacy differential of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) analogues could be measured by melanosome dispersion in zebrafish larvae. Brain-skin connection research has purported the interconnectedness between the nervous system and skin physiology. Accordingly, the neuropeptide α-MSH is a key regulator in several physiological processes, such as skin pigmentation in fish. In mammals, α-MSH has been found to regulate motivated behavior, appetite, and emotion, including stimulation of satiety and anxiety. Several clinical and animal model studies of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have already demonstrated the effectiveness of α-MSH in restoring the social deficits of autism. Therefore, we sought to analyze the effect of synthetic and naturally-occurring α-MSH variants amongst different species. Our results showed that unique α-MSH derivatives from several fish species produced differential effects on the degree of melanophore dispersion. Using α-MSH human form as a standard, we could identify derivatives that induced greater physiological effects; particularly, the synthetic analogue melanotan-II (MT-II) exhibited a higher capacity for melanophore dispersion than human α-MSH. This was consistent with previous findings in an ASD mouse model demonstrating the effectiveness of MT-II in improving ASD behavioral symptoms. Thus, the melanophore assay may serve as a useful screening tool for therapeutic candidates for novel drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ted I. Hong
- Department of Biology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea; (T.I.H.); (T.-I.C.)
| | - Kyu-Seok Hwang
- Drug Discovery Platform Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 34114, Korea;
| | - Tae-Ik Choi
- Department of Biology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea; (T.I.H.); (T.-I.C.)
| | - Gunnar Kleinau
- Group Protein X-ray Crystallography and Signal Transduction, Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, D-10117 Berlin, Germany; (G.K.); (P.S.)
| | - Patrick Scheerer
- Group Protein X-ray Crystallography and Signal Transduction, Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, D-10117 Berlin, Germany; (G.K.); (P.S.)
| | - Jeong Kyu Bang
- Division of Magnetic Resonance, Korea Basic Science Institute, Ochang, Cheongju 28119, Korea;
| | - Seung-Hyun Jung
- Department of Applied Marine Bioresource Science, National Marine Biodiversity Institute of Korea, Seocheon 33662, Korea
| | - Cheol-Hee Kim
- Department of Biology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea; (T.I.H.); (T.-I.C.)
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15
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Paisdzior S, Knierim E, Kleinau G, Biebermann H, Krude H, Straussberg R, Schuelke M. A New Mechanism in THRA Resistance: The First Disease-Associated Variant Leading to an Increased Inhibitory Function of THRA2. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22105338. [PMID: 34069457 PMCID: PMC8159125 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22105338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The nuclear thyroid hormone receptors (THRs) are key mediators of thyroid hormone function on the cellular level via modulation of gene expression. Two different genes encode THRs (THRA and THRB), and are pleiotropically involved in development, metabolism, and growth. The THRA1 and THRA2 isoforms, which result from alternative splicing of THRA, differ in their C-terminal ligand-binding domain (LBD). Most published disease-associated THRA variants are located in the LBD of THRA1 and impede triiodothyronine (T3) binding. This keeps the nuclear receptor in an inactive state and inhibits target gene expression. Here, we investigated a new dominant THRA variant (chr17:g.38,241,010A > G, GRCh37.13 | c.518A > G, NM_199334 | p.(E173G), NP_955366), which is located between the DNA- and ligand-binding domains and affects both splicing isoforms. Patients presented partially with hypothyroid (intellectual disability, motor developmental delay, brain atrophy, and constipation) and partially with hyperthyroid symptoms (tachycardia and behavioral abnormalities) to varying degrees. Functional characterization of THRA1p.(E173G) by reporter gene assays revealed increased transcriptional activity in contrast to THRA1(WT), unexpectedly revealing the first gain-of-function mutation found in THRA1. The THRA2 isoform does not bind T3 and antagonizes THRA1 action. Introduction of p.(E173G) into THRA2 increased its inhibitory effect on THRA1, which helps to explain the hypothyroid symptoms seen in our patients. We used protein structure models to investigate possible underlying pathomechanisms of this variant with a gain-of-antagonistic function and suggest that the p.(E173G) variant may have an influence on the dimerization domain of the nuclear receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Paisdzior
- Institute of Experimental Pediatric Endocrinology, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, D-13353 Berlin, Germany; (S.P.); (H.B.); (H.K.)
| | - Ellen Knierim
- NeuroCure Cluster of Excellence; Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, D-10117 Berlin, Germany;
- Department of Neuropediatrics, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, D-13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Gunnar Kleinau
- Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Group Protein X-ray Crystallography and Signal Transduction, D-10117 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Heike Biebermann
- Institute of Experimental Pediatric Endocrinology, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, D-13353 Berlin, Germany; (S.P.); (H.B.); (H.K.)
| | - Heiko Krude
- Institute of Experimental Pediatric Endocrinology, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, D-13353 Berlin, Germany; (S.P.); (H.B.); (H.K.)
| | - Rachel Straussberg
- Schneider Children’s Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel, Department of Child Neurology, Neurogenetic Service, affiliated to Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv IL-69978, Israel
- Correspondence: (R.S.); (M.S.); Tel.: +972-3-9253870 (R.S.); +49-30-450566112 (M.S.); FAX: +972-3-9253871 (R.S.); +49-30-45066920 (M.S.)
| | - Markus Schuelke
- NeuroCure Cluster of Excellence; Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, D-10117 Berlin, Germany;
- Department of Neuropediatrics, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, D-13353 Berlin, Germany
- Correspondence: (R.S.); (M.S.); Tel.: +972-3-9253870 (R.S.); +49-30-450566112 (M.S.); FAX: +972-3-9253871 (R.S.); +49-30-45066920 (M.S.)
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16
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Schulze A, Kleinau G, Neumann S, Scheerer P, Schöneberg T, Brüser A. The intramolecular agonist is obligate for activation of glycoprotein hormone receptors. FASEB J 2020; 34:11243-11256. [PMID: 32648604 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202000100r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
In contrast to most rhodopsin-like G protein-coupled receptors, the glycoprotein hormone receptors (GPHR) have a large extracellular N-terminus for hormone binding. The hormones do not directly activate the transmembrane domain but mediate their action via a, thus, far only partially known Tethered Agonistic LIgand (TALI). The existence of such an intramolecular agonist was initially indicated by site-directed mutation studies and activating peptides derived from the extracellular hinge region. It is still unknown precisely how TALI is involved in intramolecular signal transmission. We combined systematic mutagenesis studies at the luteinizing hormone receptor and the thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR), stimulation with a drug-like agonist (E2) of the TSHR, and structural homology modeling to unravel the functional and structural properties defining the TALI region. Here, we report that TALI (a) is predisposed to constitutively activate GPHR, (b) can by itself rearrange GPHR into a fully active conformation, (c) stabilizes active GPHR conformation, and (d) is not involved in activation of the TSHR by E2. In the active state conformation, TALI forms specific interactions between the N-terminus and the transmembrane domain. We show that stabilization of an active state is dependent on TALI, including activation by hormones and constitutively activating mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annelie Schulze
- Rudolf Schönheimer Institute of Biochemistry, Molecular Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Gunnar Kleinau
- Group Protein X-ray Crystallography and Signal Transduction, Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Berlin Institute of Health, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Susanne Neumann
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Receptor Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Patrick Scheerer
- Group Protein X-ray Crystallography and Signal Transduction, Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Berlin Institute of Health, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Torsten Schöneberg
- Rudolf Schönheimer Institute of Biochemistry, Molecular Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Antje Brüser
- Rudolf Schönheimer Institute of Biochemistry, Molecular Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
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17
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Dembny P, Newman AG, Singh M, Hinz M, Szczepek M, Krüger C, Adalbert R, Dzaye O, Trimbuch T, Wallach T, Kleinau G, Derkow K, Richard BC, Schipke C, Scheidereit C, Stachelscheid H, Golenbock D, Peters O, Coleman M, Heppner FL, Scheerer P, Tarabykin V, Ruprecht K, Izsvák Z, Mayer J, Lehnardt S. Human endogenous retrovirus HERV-K(HML-2) RNA causes neurodegeneration through Toll-like receptors. JCI Insight 2020; 5:131093. [PMID: 32271161 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.131093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Although human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) represent a substantial proportion of the human genome and some HERVs, such as HERV-K(HML-2), are reported to be involved in neurological disorders, little is known about their biological function. We report that RNA from an HERV-K(HML-2) envelope gene region binds to and activates human Toll-like receptor (TLR) 8, as well as murine Tlr7, expressed in neurons and microglia, thereby causing neurodegeneration. HERV-K(HML-2) RNA introduced into the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of either C57BL/6 wild-type mice or APPPS1 mice, a mouse model for Alzheimer's disease (AD), resulted in neurodegeneration and microglia accumulation. Tlr7-deficient mice were protected against neurodegenerative effects but were resensitized toward HERV-K(HML-2) RNA when neurons ectopically expressed murine Tlr7 or human TLR8. Transcriptome data sets of human AD brain samples revealed a distinct correlation of upregulated HERV-K(HML-2) and TLR8 RNA expression. HERV-K(HML-2) RNA was detectable more frequently in CSF from individuals with AD compared with controls. Our data establish HERV-K(HML-2) RNA as an endogenous ligand for species-specific TLRs 7/8 and imply a functional contribution of human endogenous retroviral transcripts to neurodegenerative processes, such as AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Dembny
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Andrew G Newman
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Manvendra Singh
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Hinz
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michal Szczepek
- Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, Group Protein X-ray Crystallography and Signal Transduction, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and BIH, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christina Krüger
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Omar Dzaye
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Radiology.,Department of Neuroradiology
| | | | - Thomas Wallach
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Gunnar Kleinau
- Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, Group Protein X-ray Crystallography and Signal Transduction, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and BIH, Berlin, Germany
| | - Katja Derkow
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Carola Schipke
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, and.,Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and BIH.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Berlin, Germany
| | - Claus Scheidereit
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Harald Stachelscheid
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, BIH, Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Berlin, Germany
| | - Douglas Golenbock
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Oliver Peters
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, and.,Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and BIH.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Coleman
- Babraham Institute and John van Geest Centre for Brain Repair, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Frank L Heppner
- NeuroCure Cluster of Excellence.,Department of Neuropathology.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Berlin, Germany
| | - Patrick Scheerer
- Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, Group Protein X-ray Crystallography and Signal Transduction, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and BIH, Berlin, Germany.,German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Victor Tarabykin
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Klemens Ruprecht
- Department of Neurology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and BIH, Berlin, Germany
| | - Zsuzsanna Izsvák
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jens Mayer
- Institute of Human Genetics, Universität des Saarlandes, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Seija Lehnardt
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany.,Department of Neurology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and BIH, Berlin, Germany
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18
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Biebermann H, Kleinau G. 3-Iodothyronamine Induces Diverse Signaling Effects at Different Aminergic and Non-Aminergic G-Protein Coupled Receptors. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2019; 128:395-400. [PMID: 31698479 DOI: 10.1055/a-1022-1554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The thyroid hormone metabolite 3-iodothyronamine (3-T1AM) exerts diverse physiological reactions such as a decrease of body temperature, and negative inotropic and chronotropic effects. This observed pleomorphic effect in physiology can be barely explained by interaction with only one target protein such as the trace-amine receptor 1 (TAAR1), a class A G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR). Moreover, Taar1 knock-out mice still react to 3-T1AM through physiological responses with a rapid decrease in body temperature. These facts propelled our group and others to search for further targets for this molecule.The group of TAARs evolved early in evolution and, according to sequence similarities, they are closely related to adrenoceptors and other aminergic receptors. Therefore, several of these receptors were characterized by their potential to interplay with 3-T1AM. Indeed, 3-T1AM acts as a positive allosteric modulator on the beta2-adrenoceptor (ADRB2) and as a biased agonist on the serotonin receptor 1B (5HT1b) and the alpha2-adrenoceptor (ADRA2A). In addition, 3-T1AM was reported to be a weak antagonist at a non-aminergic muscarinic receptor (M3).These findings impressively reflect that such trace amines can unselectively and simultaneously function at different receptors expressed by one cell or at different tissues. In conclusion, the role of 3-T1AM is hypothesized to concert the fine-tuning of specific cell reactions by the accentuation of certain pathways dependent on distinct receptors. 3-T1AM acts as a regulator of signals by blocking, modulating, or inducing simultaneously distinct intracellular signaling cascades via different GPCRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heike Biebermann
- Institute of Experimental Pediatric Endocrinology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Gunnar Kleinau
- Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Group Protein X-ray Crystallography and Signal Transduction, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
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19
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Rutigliano G, Bräunig J, Del Grande C, Carnicelli V, Masci I, Merlino S, Kleinau G, Tessieri L, Pardossi S, Paisdzior S, Dell'Osso L, Biebermann H, Zucchi R. Non-Functional Trace Amine-Associated Receptor 1 Variants in Patients With Mental Disorders. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:1027. [PMID: 31572197 PMCID: PMC6753877 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The G protein–coupled receptor (GPCR) trace amine-associated receptor 1 (TAAR1) is expressed across brain areas involved in emotions, reward and cognition, and modulates monoaminergic and glutamatergic neurotransmissions. TAAR1 is stimulated with nanomolar affinity by 3-iodothyronamine (T1AM), an endogenous messenger considered a novel branch of thyroid hormone signaling. The human gene for TAAR1 maps to locus 6q23, within a region associated with major mental disorders. Materials and Methods: We screened a cohort of patients with major mental disorders (n = 104) and a group of healthy controls (n = 130) for TAAR1 variants. HEK293 cells were transiently transfected with: i) wild-type TAAR1 and ii) mutated TAAR1, either in homozygous or heterozygous state. Cell surface expression and Gs/adenylyl cyclase activation upon administration of β-phenylethylamine (PEA), T1AM, and RO5166017, were assessed. Results: We detected 13 missense variants in TAAR1 coding region, with a significant enrichment in patients as compared to healthy controls (11 vs. 1, 1 variant in both groups, p < 0.01). In silico analysis identified four dysfunctional variants, all in patients. Three of these—R23C, Y131C, and C263R—were functionally characterized. In cells co-transfected with wild-type and mutated TAAR1, we observed a significant reduction of cell surface expression. In heterozygosity, the three TAAR1 variants substantially dampened Gs signaling in response to PEA, and, more robustly, to T1AM. Co-stimulation with PEA and RO5166017 did not yield any improvement in Gs signaling. R23C, Y131C, and C263R are rare in the general population and map in functionally important highly conserved positions across TAAR1 orthologous and paralogous genes. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that disruptions of TAAR1 activity may be relevant to the pathophysiology of mental disorders, thereby providing a promising target for novel psychopharmacological interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grazia Rutigliano
- Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy.,National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Clinical Physiology (IFC), Pisa, Italy
| | - Julia Bräunig
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Institute für Experimentelle Pädiatrische Endokrinology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Claudia Del Grande
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Psychiatry, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Isabella Masci
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Psychiatry, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Sergio Merlino
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Psychiatry, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Gunnar Kleinau
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Group Protein X-ray Crystallography and Signal Transduction, Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | - Sarah Paisdzior
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Institute für Experimentelle Pädiatrische Endokrinology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Liliana Dell'Osso
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Psychiatry, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Heike Biebermann
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Institute für Experimentelle Pädiatrische Endokrinology, Berlin, Germany
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20
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Worth CL, Kreuchwig F, Tiemann JKS, Kreuchwig A, Ritschel M, Kleinau G, Hildebrand PW, Krause G. GPCR-SSFE 2.0-a fragment-based molecular modeling web tool for Class A G-protein coupled receptors. Nucleic Acids Res 2019; 45:W408-W415. [PMID: 28582569 PMCID: PMC5570183 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkx399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) are key players in signal transduction and therefore a large proportion of pharmaceutical drugs target these receptors. Structural data of GPCRs are sparse yet important for elucidating the molecular basis of GPCR-related diseases and for performing structure-based drug design. To ameliorate this problem, GPCR-SSFE 2.0 (http://www.ssfa-7tmr.de/ssfe2/), an intuitive web server dedicated to providing three-dimensional Class A GPCR homology models has been developed. The updated web server includes 27 inactive template structures and incorporates various new functionalities. Uniquely, it uses a fingerprint correlation scoring strategy for identifying the optimal templates, which we demonstrate captures structural features that sequence similarity alone is unable to do. Template selection is carried out separately for each helix, allowing both single-template models and fragment-based models to be built. Additionally, GPCR-SSFE 2.0 stores a comprehensive set of pre-calculated and downloadable homology models and also incorporates interactive loop modeling using the tool SL2, allowing knowledge-based input by the user to guide the selection process. For visual analysis, the NGL viewer is embedded into the result pages. Finally, blind-testing using two recently published structures shows that GPCR-SSFE 2.0 performs comparably or better than other state-of-the art GPCR modeling web servers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine L Worth
- Department of Structural Biology, Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), D-13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Franziska Kreuchwig
- Department of Structural Biology, Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), D-13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Johanna K S Tiemann
- Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, D-10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Annika Kreuchwig
- Department of Structural Biology, Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), D-13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Michele Ritschel
- Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, D-10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Gunnar Kleinau
- Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, D-10117 Berlin, Germany.,Institute of Experimental Pediatric Endocrinology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, D-13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Peter W Hildebrand
- Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, D-10117 Berlin, Germany.,Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Leipzig University, D-04107 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Gerd Krause
- Department of Structural Biology, Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), D-13125 Berlin, Germany
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21
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Jacobi SF, Khajavi N, Kleinau G, Teumer A, Scheerer P, Homuth G, Völzke H, Wiegand S, Kühnen P, Krude H, Gong M, Raile K, Biebermann H. Evaluation of a rare glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptor variant in a patient with diabetes. Diabetes Obes Metab 2019; 21:1168-1176. [PMID: 30784161 DOI: 10.1111/dom.13634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2018] [Revised: 12/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) is an incretin hormone that augments insulin secretion in pancreatic β-cells via its glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptor (GIPR). Recent genome-wide association studies identified a single nucleotide variant (SNV) in the GIPR encoding gene (GIPR), rs1800437, that is associated with obesity and insulin resistance. In the present study, we tested whether GIPR variants contribute to obesity and disturb glucose homeostasis or diabetes in specific patient populations. MATERIALS AND METHODS Exon sequencing of GIPR was performed in 164 children with obesity and insulin resistance and in 80 children with paediatric-onset diabetes of unknown origin. The Study of Health in Pomerania (SHIP) cohort, comprising 8320 adults, was screened for the GIPR variant Arg217Leu. GIPR variants were expressed in COS-7 cells and cAMP production was measured upon stimulation with GIP. Cell surface expression was determined by ELISA. Protein homology modelling of the GIPR variants was performed to extract three-dimensional information of the receptor. RESULTS A heterozygous missense GIPR variant Arg217Leu (rs200485112) was identified in a patient of Asian ancestry. Functional characterization of Arg217Leu revealed reduced surface expression and signalling after GIP challenge. The homology model of the GIPR structure supports the observed functional relevance of Arg217Leu. CONCLUSION In vitro functional studies and protein homology modelling indicate a potential relevance of the GIPR variant Arg217Leu in receptor function. The heterozygous variant displayed partial co-segregation with diabetes. Based on these findings, we suggest that GIPR variants may play a role in disturbed glucose homeostasis and may be of clinical relevance in homozygous patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon F Jacobi
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany; Institute of Experimental Pediatric Endocrinology, Berlin, Germany
- University Heart Center Freiburg-Bad Krozingen, Department of Congenital Heart Disease and Pediatric Cardiology, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Noushafarin Khajavi
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany; Institute of Experimental Pediatric Endocrinology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Gunnar Kleinau
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany; Institute of Experimental Pediatric Endocrinology, Berlin, Germany
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health; Institut für Medizinische Physik und Biophysik, Group Protein X-ray Crystallography and Signal Transduction, Berlin, Germany
| | - Alexander Teumer
- Department SHIP/Clinical-Epidemiological Research, Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Patrick Scheerer
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health; Institut für Medizinische Physik und Biophysik, Group Protein X-ray Crystallography and Signal Transduction, Berlin, Germany
| | - Georg Homuth
- Department of Functional Genomics, Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine, University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Henry Völzke
- Department SHIP/Clinical-Epidemiological Research, Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Susanna Wiegand
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany; Institute of Experimental Pediatric Endocrinology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Peter Kühnen
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany; Institute of Experimental Pediatric Endocrinology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Heiko Krude
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany; Institute of Experimental Pediatric Endocrinology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Maolian Gong
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC), a joint collaboration of Charité and Max-Delbrück-Center of Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Klemens Raile
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC), a joint collaboration of Charité and Max-Delbrück-Center of Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany; Department of Paediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Heike Biebermann
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany; Institute of Experimental Pediatric Endocrinology, Berlin, Germany
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22
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Biebermann H, Kleinau G, Schnabel D, Bockenhauer D, Wilson LC, Tully I, Kiff S, Scheerer P, Reyes M, Paisdzior S, Gregory JW, Allgrove J, Krude H, Mannstadt M, Gardella TJ, Dattani M, Jüppner H, Grüters A. A New Multisystem Disorder Caused by the Gαs Mutation p.F376V. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2019; 104:1079-1089. [PMID: 30312418 PMCID: PMC6380466 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2018-01250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT The α subunit of the stimulatory G protein (Gαs) links numerous receptors to adenylyl cyclase. Gαs, encoded by GNAS, is expressed predominantly from the maternal allele in certain tissues. Thus, maternal heterozygous loss-of-function mutations cause hormonal resistance, as in pseudohypoparathyroidism type Ia, whereas somatic gain-of-function mutations cause hormone-independent endocrine stimulation, as in McCune-Albright syndrome. OBJECTIVE We report two unrelated boys presenting with a new combination of clinical findings that suggest both gain and loss of Gαs function. DESIGN AND SETTING Clinical features were studied and sequencing of GNAS was performed. Signaling capacities of wild-type and mutant Gαs were determined in the presence of different G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) under basal and agonist-stimulated conditions. RESULTS Both unrelated patients presented with unexplained hyponatremia in infancy, followed by severe early onset gonadotrophin-independent precocious puberty and skeletal abnormalities. An identical heterozygous de novo variant (c.1136T>G; p.F376V) was found on the maternal GNAS allele in both patients; this resulted in a clinical phenotype that differed from known Gαs-related diseases and suggested gain of function at the vasopressin 2 receptor (V2R) and lutropin/choriogonadotropin receptor (LHCGR), yet increased serum PTH concentrations indicative of impaired proximal tubular PTH1 receptor (PTH1R) function. In vitro studies demonstrated that Gαs-F376V enhanced ligand-independent signaling at the PTH1R, LHCGR, and V2R and, at the same time, blunted ligand-dependent responses. Structural homology modeling suggested mutation-induced modifications at the C-terminal α5 helix of Gαs that are relevant for interaction with GPCRs and signal transduction. CONCLUSIONS The Gαs p.F376V mutation causes a previously unrecognized multisystem disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heike Biebermann
- Institute of Experimental Pediatric Endocrinology, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Gunnar Kleinau
- Institute of Experimental Pediatric Endocrinology, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Institut für Medizinische Physik und Biophysik, Group Protein X-ray Crystallography and Signal Transduction, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dirk Schnabel
- Department for Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Center for Chronically Sick Children, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Detlef Bockenhauer
- UCL Centre for Nephrology, London, United Kingdom
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, Renal Unit, London, United Kingdom
| | - Louise C Wilson
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ian Tully
- Department of Clinical Genetics, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah Kiff
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, United Kingdom
| | - Patrick Scheerer
- Institut für Medizinische Physik und Biophysik, Group Protein X-ray Crystallography and Signal Transduction, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Monica Reyes
- Endocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Sarah Paisdzior
- Institute of Experimental Pediatric Endocrinology, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - John W Gregory
- Division of Population Medicine, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Jeremy Allgrove
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, United Kingdom
| | - Heiko Krude
- Institute of Experimental Pediatric Endocrinology, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Mannstadt
- Endocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Thomas J Gardella
- Endocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Mehul Dattani
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, United Kingdom
- Section of Genetics and Epigenetics in Health and Disease, Genetics and Genomic Medicine Programme, UCL GOS Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom
| | - Harald Jüppner
- Endocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Annette Grüters
- Department for Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Endocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Correspondence and Reprint Requests: Annette Grüters, PhD, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Department for Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Mittelallee 8, 13353 Berlin, Germany. E-mail:
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23
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Fudim R, Szczepek M, Vierock J, Vogt A, Schmidt A, Kleinau G, Fischer P, Bartl F, Scheerer P, Hegemann P. Design of a light-gated proton channel based on the crystal structure of Coccomyxa rhodopsin. Sci Signal 2019; 12:12/573/eaav4203. [PMID: 30890657 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aav4203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The light-driven proton pump Coccomyxa subellipsoidea rhodopsin (CsR) provides-because of its high expression in heterologous host cells-an opportunity to study active proton transport under controlled electrochemical conditions. In this study, solving crystal structure of CsR at 2.0-Å resolution enabled us to identify distinct features of the membrane protein that determine ion transport directivity and voltage sensitivity. A specific hydrogen bond between the highly conserved Arg83 and the nearby nonconserved tyrosine (Tyr14) guided our structure-based transformation of CsR into an operational light-gated proton channel (CySeR) that could potentially be used in optogenetic assays. Time-resolved electrophysiological and spectroscopic measurements distinguished pump currents from channel currents in a single protein and emphasized the necessity of Arg83 mobility in CsR as a dynamic extracellular barrier to prevent passive conductance. Our findings reveal that molecular constraints that distinguish pump from channel currents are structurally more confined than was generally expected. This knowledge might enable the structure-based design of novel optogenetic tools, which derive from microbial pumps and are therefore ion specific.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman Fudim
- Experimental Biophysics, Institute for Biology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Invalidenstr. 42, 10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Michal Szczepek
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, Group Protein X-ray Crystallography & Signal Transduction, Charitéplatz 1, D-10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Johannes Vierock
- Experimental Biophysics, Institute for Biology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Invalidenstr. 42, 10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Arend Vogt
- Experimental Biophysics, Institute for Biology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Invalidenstr. 42, 10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Andrea Schmidt
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, Group Protein X-ray Crystallography & Signal Transduction, Charitéplatz 1, D-10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Gunnar Kleinau
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, Group Protein X-ray Crystallography & Signal Transduction, Charitéplatz 1, D-10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Paul Fischer
- Experimental Biophysics, Institute for Biology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Invalidenstr. 42, 10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Franz Bartl
- Biophysical Chemistry, Institute for Biology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Invalidenstr. 42, 10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Patrick Scheerer
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, Group Protein X-ray Crystallography & Signal Transduction, Charitéplatz 1, D-10117 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Peter Hegemann
- Experimental Biophysics, Institute for Biology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Invalidenstr. 42, 10115 Berlin, Germany.
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24
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Soletto L, Hernández-Balfagó S, Rocha A, Scheerer P, Kleinau G, Cerdá-Reverter JM. Melanocortin Receptor Accessory Protein 2-Induced Adrenocorticotropic Hormone Response of Human Melanocortin 4 Receptor. J Endocr Soc 2019; 3:314-323. [PMID: 30652132 PMCID: PMC6330173 DOI: 10.1210/js.2018-00370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanocortin 4 receptor (MC4R), a canonical melanocyte-stimulating hormone receptor, is the main responsible for monogenic obesity in humans. Previous studies in fish and avian species showed that MC4R becomes an ACTH receptor after interaction with the melanocortin receptor accessory protein 2 (MRAP2). We show that human MC4R behaves in a similar way through its interaction with MRAP2. This evolutionary conservation of MRAP2-induced ligand selectivity supports a physiological role for the interaction with MC4R. Both proteins are coexpressed in the same hypothalamic neurons, providing an anatomical substrate and molecular mechanism for the central therapeutic actions of ACTH in the treatment of infantile spasms. These neurons may link the effects of stress on the energy balance independently of glucocorticoid secretion. The complex MC4R-MRAP2 throws light on the action of ACTH and, by extension, on the relay of stress-related information to additional biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Soletto
- Departamento de Fisiología de Peces y Biotecnología, Instituto de Acuicultura Torre de la Sal, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Castellón, Spain
| | - Sergio Hernández-Balfagó
- Departamento de Fisiología de Peces y Biotecnología, Instituto de Acuicultura Torre de la Sal, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Castellón, Spain
| | - Ana Rocha
- Departamento de Fisiología de Peces y Biotecnología, Instituto de Acuicultura Torre de la Sal, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Castellón, Spain
| | - Patrick Scheerer
- Group Protein X-ray Crystallography and Signal Transduction, Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, D-10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Gunnar Kleinau
- Group Protein X-ray Crystallography and Signal Transduction, Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, D-10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - José Miguel Cerdá-Reverter
- Departamento de Fisiología de Peces y Biotecnología, Instituto de Acuicultura Torre de la Sal, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Castellón, Spain
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Heyder N, Kleinau G, Szczepek M, Kwiatkowski D, Speck D, Soletto L, Cerdá-Reverter JM, Krude H, Kühnen P, Biebermann H, Scheerer P. Signal Transduction and Pathogenic Modifications at the Melanocortin-4 Receptor: A Structural Perspective. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 10:515. [PMID: 31417496 PMCID: PMC6685040 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) can be endogenously activated by binding of melanocyte-stimulating hormones (MSH), which mediates anorexigenic effects. In contrast, the agouti-related peptide (AgRP) acts as an endogenous inverse agonist and suppresses ligand-independent basal signaling activity (orexigenic effects). Binding of ligands to MC4R leads to the activation of different G-protein subtypes or arrestin and concomitant signaling pathways. This receptor is a key protein in the hypothalamic regulation of food intake and energy expenditure and naturally-occurring inactivating MC4R variants are the most frequent cause of monogenic obesity. In general, obesity is a growing problem on a global scale and is of social, medical, and economic relevance. A significant goal is to develop optimized pharmacological tools targeting MC4R without adverse effects. To date, this has not been achieved because of inter alia non-selective ligands across the five functionally different MCR subtypes (MC1-5R). This motivates further investigation of (i) the three-dimensional MC4R structure, (ii) binding mechanisms of various ligands, and (iii) the molecular transfer process of signal transduction, with the aim of understanding how structural features are linked with functional-physiological aspects. Unfortunately, experimentally elucidated structural information is not yet available for the MC receptors, a group of class A G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs). We, therefore, generated MC4R homology models and complexes with interacting partners to describe approximate structural properties associated with signaling mechanisms. In addition, molecular insights from pathogenic mutations were incorporated to discriminate more precisely their individual malfunction of the signal transfer mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Heyder
- Group Protein X-ray Crystallography and Signal Transduction, Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Berlin Institute of Health, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Gunnar Kleinau
- Group Protein X-ray Crystallography and Signal Transduction, Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Berlin Institute of Health, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- *Correspondence: Gunnar Kleinau
| | - Michal Szczepek
- Group Protein X-ray Crystallography and Signal Transduction, Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Berlin Institute of Health, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dennis Kwiatkowski
- Group Protein X-ray Crystallography and Signal Transduction, Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Berlin Institute of Health, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - David Speck
- Group Protein X-ray Crystallography and Signal Transduction, Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Berlin Institute of Health, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lucia Soletto
- Departamento de Fisiología de Peces y Biotecnología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Instituto de Acuicultura Torre de la Sal, Ribera de Cabanes, Spain
| | - José Miguel Cerdá-Reverter
- Departamento de Fisiología de Peces y Biotecnología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Instituto de Acuicultura Torre de la Sal, Ribera de Cabanes, Spain
| | - Heiko Krude
- Institute of Experimental Pediatric Endocrinology, Berlin Institute of Health, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Peter Kühnen
- Institute of Experimental Pediatric Endocrinology, Berlin Institute of Health, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Heike Biebermann
- Institute of Experimental Pediatric Endocrinology, Berlin Institute of Health, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Patrick Scheerer
- Group Protein X-ray Crystallography and Signal Transduction, Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Berlin Institute of Health, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Patrick Scheerer
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Klein W, Rutz C, Eckhard J, Provinciael B, Specker E, Neuenschwander M, Kleinau G, Scheerer P, von Kries JP, Nazaré M, Vermeire K, Schülein R. Use of a sequential high throughput screening assay to identify novel inhibitors of the eukaryotic SRP-Sec61 targeting/translocation pathway. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0208641. [PMID: 30543669 PMCID: PMC6292634 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0208641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The SRP-Sec61 targeting/translocation pathway of eukaryotic cells targets nascent protein chains to the membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum. Using this machinery, secretory proteins are translocated across this membrane whereas membrane proteins are integrated into the lipid bilayer. One of the key players of the pathway is the protein-conducting Sec61 (translocon) complex of the endoplasmic reticulum. The Sec61 complex has no enzymatic activity, is expressed only intracellularly and is difficult to purify and to reconstitute. Screening for small molecule inhibitors impairing its functions is thus notoriously difficult. Such inhibitors may not only be valuable tools for cell biology, they may also represent novel anti-tumor drugs. Here we have developed a two-step, sequential screening assay for inhibitors of the whole SRP-Sec61 targeting/translocation pathway which might include molecules affecting Sec61 complex functions. The resulting hit compounds were analyzed using a whole cell biosynthesis assay and a cell free transcription/translation/translocation assay. Using this methodology, we identified novel compounds inhibiting this pathway. Following structure-based back screening, one of these substances was analyzed in more detail and we could show that it indeed impairs translocation at the level of the Sec61 complex. A slightly modified methodology may be used in the future to screen for substances affecting SecYEG, the bacterial ortholog of the Sec61 complex in order to derive novel antibiotic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Klein
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Berlin, Germany
| | - Claudia Rutz
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Berlin, Germany
| | - Jamina Eckhard
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Berlin, Germany
| | - Becky Provinciael
- KU Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Edgar Specker
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Gunnar Kleinau
- Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité Centrum Grundlagenmedizin CC2, Institut für Medizinische Physik und Biophysik, Group Protein X-ray Crystallography & Signal Transduction, Berlin, Germany
| | - Patrick Scheerer
- Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité Centrum Grundlagenmedizin CC2, Institut für Medizinische Physik und Biophysik, Group Protein X-ray Crystallography & Signal Transduction, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Marc Nazaré
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Berlin, Germany
| | - Kurt Vermeire
- KU Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ralf Schülein
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Berlin, Germany
- * E-mail:
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27
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Herrfurth N, Volckmar AL, Peters T, Kleinau G, Müller A, Cetindag C, Schonnop L, Föcker M, Dempfle A, Wudy SA, Grant SFA, Reinehr T, Cousminer DL, Hebebrand J, Biebermann H, Hinney A. Relevance of polymorphisms in MC4R and BDNF in short normal stature. BMC Pediatr 2018; 18:278. [PMID: 30134862 PMCID: PMC6106737 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-018-1245-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Variation in genes of the leptinergic-melanocortinergic system influence both body weight and height. Because short normal stature (SNS) is characterized by reduced body height, delayed maturation and leanness, allelic variation of genes in this pathway are hypothesized to affect this common condition. Methods We analyzed the coding regions of LEP, MC4R, MRAP2 and BDNF in 185 children with SNS (height < 5th percentile) to search for non-synonymous and frameshift variants. For association studies (two-sided χ2-tests) population-based data sets (ExAC, EVS and KORA) were used. Cyclic AMP accumulation, cell surface expression, central expression and MAP kinase activation were assayed in vitro to determine the functional implications of identified variants. Results We detected eleven variants predicted to be protein-altering, four in MC4R, four in BDNF, and three in MRAP2. No variants were found in LEP. In vitro analysis implied reduced function for the MC4R variant p.Met215Ile. Loss-of-function is contrary to expectations based on obesity studies, and thus does not support that this variant is relevant for SNS. The minor SNP alleles at MC4R p.Val103Ile and BDNF p.Val66Met were nominally associated with SNS. Conclusion Taken together, although genes of the leptinergic-melanocortinergic system are important for normal growth, our data do not support the involvement of rare mutations in LEP, MC4R, MRAP2 or BDNF in short normal stature. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12887-018-1245-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolas Herrfurth
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Anna-Lena Volckmar
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Triinu Peters
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Gunnar Kleinau
- Institute of Experimental Pediatric Endocrinology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.,Present Address: Group Protein X-ray Crystallography and Signal Transduction, Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anne Müller
- Institute of Experimental Pediatric Endocrinology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Cigdem Cetindag
- Institute of Experimental Pediatric Endocrinology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Laura Schonnop
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Manuel Föcker
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Astrid Dempfle
- Institute of Medical Informatics and Statistics, Christian-Albrechts University Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Stefan A Wudy
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology, Center of Child and Adolescent Medicine, Giessen, Germany
| | - Struan F A Grant
- Divisions of Human Genetics and Endocrinology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Philadelphia, USA.,Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Thomas Reinehr
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition Medicine, Vestische Hospital for Children and Adolescents Datteln, University of Witten/Herdecke, Datteln, Germany
| | - Diana L Cousminer
- Divisions of Human Genetics and Endocrinology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Philadelphia, USA.,Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Johannes Hebebrand
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Heike Biebermann
- Institute of Experimental Pediatric Endocrinology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anke Hinney
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
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28
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Saleh N, Kleinau G, Heyder N, Clark T, Hildebrand PW, Scheerer P. Binding, Thermodynamics, and Selectivity of a Non-peptide Antagonist to the Melanocortin-4 Receptor. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:560. [PMID: 29910730 PMCID: PMC5992272 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) is a potential drug target for treatment of obesity, anxiety, depression, and sexual dysfunction. Crystal structures for MC4R are not yet available, which has hindered successful structure-based drug design. Using microsecond-scale molecular-dynamics simulations, we have investigated selective binding of the non-peptide antagonist MCL0129 to a homology model of human MC4R (hMC4R). This approach revealed that, at the end of a multi-step binding process, MCL0129 spontaneously adopts a binding mode in which it blocks the agonistic-binding site. This binding mode was confirmed in subsequent metadynamics simulations, which gave an affinity for human hMC4R that matches the experimentally determined value. Extending our simulations of MCL0129 binding to hMC1R and hMC3R, we find that receptor subtype selectivity for hMC4R depends on few amino acids located in various structural elements of the receptor. These insights may support rational drug design targeting the melanocortin systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noureldin Saleh
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Berlin, Germany.,Computational Modelling and Dynamics of Molecular Complexes, Berlin, Germany
| | - Gunnar Kleinau
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Berlin, Germany.,Group Protein X-ray Crystallography and Signal Transduction, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nicolas Heyder
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Berlin, Germany.,Group Protein X-ray Crystallography and Signal Transduction, Berlin, Germany
| | - Timothy Clark
- Computer-Chemie-Centrum, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Peter W Hildebrand
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Berlin, Germany.,Computational Modelling and Dynamics of Molecular Complexes, Berlin, Germany.,Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Patrick Scheerer
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Berlin, Germany.,Group Protein X-ray Crystallography and Signal Transduction, Berlin, Germany
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29
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Fischer J, Kleinau G, Rutz C, Zwanziger D, Khajavi N, Müller A, Rehders M, Brix K, Worth CL, Führer D, Krude H, Wiesner B, Schülein R, Biebermann H. Evidence of G-protein-coupled receptor and substrate transporter heteromerization at a single molecule level. Cell Mol Life Sci 2018; 75:2227-2239. [PMID: 29290039 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-017-2728-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Revised: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) can constitute complexes with non-GPCR integral membrane proteins, while such interaction has not been demonstrated at a single molecule level so far. We here investigated the potential interaction between the thyrotropin receptor (TSHR) and the monocarboxylate transporter 8 (MCT8), a member of the major facilitator superfamily (MFS), using fluorescence cross-correlation spectroscopy (FCCS). Both the proteins are expressed endogenously on the basolateral plasma membrane of the thyrocytes and are involved in stimulation of thyroid hormone production and release. Indeed, we demonstrate strong interaction between both the proteins which causes a suppressed activation of Gq/11 by TSH-stimulated TSHR. Thus, we provide not only evidence for a novel interaction between the TSHR and MCT8, but could also prove this interaction on a single molecule level. Moreover, this interaction forces biased signaling at the TSHR. These results are of general interest for both the GPCR and the MFS research fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Fischer
- Institut für Experimentelle Pädiatrische Endokrinologie, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Gunnar Kleinau
- Institut für Experimentelle Pädiatrische Endokrinologie, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353, Berlin, Germany
- Group Protein X-ray Crystallography and Signal Transduction, Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Claudia Rutz
- Protein Trafficking Group, Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie, Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Denise Zwanziger
- Division of Laboratory Research, Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, 45147, Essen, Germany
| | - Noushafarin Khajavi
- Institut für Experimentelle Pädiatrische Endokrinologie, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anne Müller
- Institut für Experimentelle Pädiatrische Endokrinologie, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Maren Rehders
- Department of Life Sciences and Chemistry, Jacobs University Bremen, 28759, Bremen, Germany
| | - Klaudia Brix
- Department of Life Sciences and Chemistry, Jacobs University Bremen, 28759, Bremen, Germany
| | - Catherine L Worth
- Structural Bioinformatics and Protein Design Group, Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie, 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dagmar Führer
- Division of Laboratory Research, Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, 45147, Essen, Germany
| | - Heiko Krude
- Institut für Experimentelle Pädiatrische Endokrinologie, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Burkhard Wiesner
- Protein Trafficking Group, Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie, Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany
- Cellular Imaging Group, Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie, 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ralf Schülein
- Protein Trafficking Group, Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie, Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Heike Biebermann
- Institut für Experimentelle Pädiatrische Endokrinologie, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353, Berlin, Germany.
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30
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Bräunig J, Dinter J, Höfig CS, Paisdzior S, Szczepek M, Scheerer P, Rosowski M, Mittag J, Kleinau G, Biebermann H. The Trace Amine-Associated Receptor 1 Agonist 3-Iodothyronamine Induces Biased Signaling at the Serotonin 1b Receptor. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:222. [PMID: 29593543 PMCID: PMC5857711 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Trace amine-associated receptors (TAARs) belong to the class A G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) and are evolutionary related to aminergic receptors. TAARs have been identified to mediate effects of trace amines. TAAR1 signaling is mainly mediated via activation of the Gs/adenylyl cyclase pathway. In addition to classical trace amines, TAAR1 can also be activated by the thyroid hormone derivative 3-iodothyronamine (3-T1AM). Pharmacological doses of 3-T1AM induced metabolic and anapyrexic effects, which might be centrally mediated in the hypothalamus in rodents. However, the observed anapyrexic effect of 3-T1AM persists in Taar1 knock-out mice which raises the question whether further GPCRs are potential targets for 3-T1AM and mediate the observed physiological effect. Anapyrexia has been observed to be related to action on aminergic receptors such as the serotonin receptor 1b (5-HT1b). This receptor primarily activates the Gi/o mediated pathway and PLC signaling through the Gβγ of Gi/o. Since the expression profiles of TAAR1 and 5-HT1b overlap, we questioned whether 3-T1AM may activate 5-HT1b. Finally, we also evaluated heteromerization between these two GPCRs and tested signaling under co-expressed conditions. In this study, we showed, that 3-T1AM can induce Gi/o signaling through 5-HT1b in a concentration of 10 μM. Strikingly, at 5-HT1b the ligand 3-T1AM only activates the Gi/o mediated reduction of cAMP accumulation, but not PLC activation. Co-stimulation of 5-HT1b by both ligands did not lead to additive or synergistic signaling effects. In addition, we confirmed the capacity for heteromerization between TAAR1 and 5-HT1b. Under co-expression of TAAR1 and HTR1b, 3-T1AM action is only mediated via TAAR1 and activation of 5-HT1b is abrogated. In conclusion, we found evidence for 5-HT1b as a new receptor target for 3-T1AM, albeit with a different signaling effect than the endogenous ligand. Altogether, this indicates a complex interrelation of signaling effects between the investigated GPCRs and respective ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Bräunig
- Institute of Experimental Pediatric Endocrinology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Juliane Dinter
- Institute of Experimental Pediatric Endocrinology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Carolin S Höfig
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sarah Paisdzior
- Institute of Experimental Pediatric Endocrinology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michal Szczepek
- Group Protein X-ray Crystallography and Signal Transduction, Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Patrick Scheerer
- Group Protein X-ray Crystallography and Signal Transduction, Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Mark Rosowski
- Center of Brain Behavior and Metabolism, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Jens Mittag
- Institute of Biotechnology, Department Medical Biotechnology, Technical University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Gunnar Kleinau
- Institute of Experimental Pediatric Endocrinology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.,Group Protein X-ray Crystallography and Signal Transduction, Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Heike Biebermann
- Institute of Experimental Pediatric Endocrinology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
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Mühlhaus J, Dinter J, Jyrch S, Teumer A, Jacobi SF, Homuth G, Kühnen P, Wiegand S, Grüters A, Völzke H, Raile K, Kleinau G, Krude H, Biebermann H. Investigation of Naturally Occurring Single-Nucleotide Variants in Human TAAR1. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:807. [PMID: 29225575 PMCID: PMC5705543 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation of trace amine-associated receptor 1 (TAAR1) in endocrine pancreas is involved in weight regulation and glucose homeostasis. The purpose of this study was the identification and characterization of potential TAAR1 variants in patients with overweight/obesity and disturbed glucose homeostasis. Screening for TAAR1 variants was performed in 314 obese or overweight patients with impaired insulin secretion. The detected variants were functionally characterized concerning TAAR1 cell surface expression and signaling properties and their allele frequencies were determined in the population-based Study of Health in Pomerania (SHIP). Three heterozygous carriers of the single nucleotide missense variants p.Arg23Cys (R23C, rs8192618), p.Ser49Leu (S49L, rs140960896), and p.Ille171Leu (I171L, rs200795344) were detected in the patient cohort. While p.Ser49Leu and p.Ille171Leu were found in obese/overweight patients with slightly impaired glucose homeostasis, p.Arg23Cys was identified in a patient with a complete loss of insulin production. Functional in vitro characterization revealed a like wild-type function for I171L, partial loss of function for S49L and a complete loss of function for R23C. The frequency of the R23C variant in 2018 non-diabetic control individuals aged 60 years and older in the general population-based SHIP cohort was lower than in the analyzed patient sample. Both variants are rare in the general population indicating a recent origin in the general gene pool and/or the consequence of pronounced purifying selection, in line with the obvious detrimental effect of the mutations. In conclusion, our study provides hints for the existence of naturally occurring TAAR1 variants with potential relevance for weight regulation and glucose homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Mühlhaus
- Institute of Experimental Pediatric Endocrinology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universitt zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Juliane Dinter
- Institute of Experimental Pediatric Endocrinology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universitt zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sabine Jyrch
- Institute of Experimental Pediatric Endocrinology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universitt zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Alexander Teumer
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Simon F Jacobi
- Institute of Experimental Pediatric Endocrinology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universitt zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Georg Homuth
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Peter Kühnen
- Institute of Experimental Pediatric Endocrinology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universitt zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Susanna Wiegand
- Institute of Experimental Pediatric Endocrinology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universitt zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Annette Grüters
- Department for Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Henry Völzke
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Greifswald, Germany
| | - Klemens Raile
- Department for Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (HZ), Berlin, Germany
| | - Gunnar Kleinau
- Institute of Experimental Pediatric Endocrinology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universitt zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Institut für Medizinische Physik und Biophysik, Group Protein X-ray Crystallography and Signal Transduction, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Heiko Krude
- Institute of Experimental Pediatric Endocrinology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universitt zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Heike Biebermann
- Institute of Experimental Pediatric Endocrinology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universitt zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Kleinau G, Worth CL, Kreuchwig A, Biebermann H, Marcinkowski P, Scheerer P, Krause G. Structural-Functional Features of the Thyrotropin Receptor: A Class A G-Protein-Coupled Receptor at Work. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2017; 8:86. [PMID: 28484426 PMCID: PMC5401882 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2017.00086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR) is a member of the glycoprotein hormone receptors, a sub-group of class A G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). TSHR and its endogenous ligand thyrotropin (TSH) are of essential importance for growth and function of the thyroid gland and proper function of the TSH/TSHR system is pivotal for production and release of thyroid hormones. This receptor is also important with respect to pathophysiology, such as autoimmune (including ophthalmopathy) or non-autoimmune thyroid dysfunctions and cancer development. Pharmacological interventions directly targeting the TSHR should provide benefits to disease treatment compared to currently available therapies of dysfunctions associated with the TSHR or the thyroid gland. Upon TSHR activation, the molecular events conveying conformational changes from the extra- to the intracellular side of the cell across the membrane comprise reception, conversion, and amplification of the signal. These steps are highly dependent on structural features of this receptor and its intermolecular interaction partners, e.g., TSH, antibodies, small molecules, G-proteins, or arrestin. For better understanding of signal transduction, pathogenic mechanisms such as autoantibody action and mutational modifications or for developing new pharmacological strategies, it is essential to combine available structural data with functional information to generate homology models of the entire receptor. Although so far these insights are fragmental, in the past few decades essential contributions have been made to investigate in-depth the involved determinants, such as by structure determination via X-ray crystallography. This review summarizes available knowledge (as of December 2016) concerning the TSHR protein structure, associated functional aspects, and based on these insights we suggest several receptor complex models. Moreover, distinct TSHR properties will be highlighted in comparison to other class A GPCRs to understand the molecular activation mechanisms of this receptor comprehensively. Finally, limitations of current knowledge and lack of information are discussed highlighting the need for intensified efforts toward TSHR structure elucidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gunnar Kleinau
- Institute of Experimental Pediatric Endocrinology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
- Group Protein X-Ray Crystallography and Signal Transduction, Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Annika Kreuchwig
- Leibniz-Institut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Berlin, Germany
| | - Heike Biebermann
- Institute of Experimental Pediatric Endocrinology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Patrick Scheerer
- Group Protein X-Ray Crystallography and Signal Transduction, Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Gerd Krause
- Leibniz-Institut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Berlin, Germany
- *Correspondence: Gerd Krause,
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Press O, Zvagelsky T, Vyazmensky M, Kleinau G, Engel S. Construction of Structural Mimetics of the Thyrotropin Receptor Intracellular Domain. Biophys J 2016; 111:2620-2628. [PMID: 28002738 PMCID: PMC5192603 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2016.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2016] [Revised: 10/26/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The signaling of a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) is dictated by the complementary responsiveness of interacting intracellular effectors such as G proteins. Many GPCRs are known to couple to more than one G protein subtype and induce a multitude of signaling pathways, although the in vivo relevance of particular pathways is mostly unrecognized. Dissecting GPCR signaling in terms of the pathways that are activated will boost our understanding of the molecular fundamentals of hormone action. The structural determinants governing the selectivity of GPCR/G protein coupling, however, remain obscure. Here, we describe the design of soluble GPCR mimetics to study the details of the interplay between G-proteins and activators. We constructed functional mimetics of the intracellular domain of a model GPCR, the thyrotropin receptor. We based the construction on a unique scaffold, 6-Helix, an artificial protein that was derived from the elements of the trimer-of-hairpins structure of HIV gp41 and represents a bundle of six α-helices. The 6-Helix scaffold, which endowed the substituted thyrotropin receptor intracellular domain elements with spatial constraints analogous to those found in native receptors, enabled the reconstitution of a microdomain that consists of intracellular loops 2 and 3, and is capable of binding and activating Gα-(s). The 6-Helix-based mimetics could be used as a platform to study the molecular basis of GPCR/G protein recognition. Such knowledge could help investigators develop novel therapeutic strategies for GPCR-related disorders by targeting the GPCR/G protein interfaces and counteracting cellular dysfunctions via focused tuning of GPCR signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Press
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Tatiana Zvagelsky
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Maria Vyazmensky
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Gunnar Kleinau
- Institute of Experimental Pediatric Endocrinology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stanislav Engel
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel; National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel.
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Müller A, Berkmann JC, Scheerer P, Biebermann H, Kleinau G. Insights into Basal Signaling Regulation, Oligomerization, and Structural Organization of the Human G-Protein Coupled Receptor 83. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0168260. [PMID: 27936173 PMCID: PMC5148169 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0168260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The murine G-protein coupled receptor 83 (mGPR83) is expressed in the hypothalamus and was previously suggested to be involved in the regulation of metabolism. The neuropeptide PEN has been recently identified as a potent GPR83 ligand. Moreover, GPR83 constitutes functionally relevant hetero-oligomers with other G-protein coupled receptors (GPCR) such as the ghrelin receptor (GHSR) or GPR171. Previous deletion studies also revealed that the long N-terminal extracellular receptor domain (eNDo) of mGPR83 may act as an intra-molecular ligand, which participates in the regulation of basal signaling activity, which is a key feature of GPCR function. Here, we investigated particular amino acids at the eNDo of human GPR83 (hGPR83) by side-directed mutagenesis to identify determinants of the internal ligand. These studies were accompanied by structure homology modeling to combine functional insights with structural information. The capacity for hetero-oligomer formation of hGPR83 with diverse family A GPCRs such as the melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) was also investigated, with a specific emphasis on the impact of the eNDo on oligomerization and basal signaling properties. Finally, we demonstrate that hGPR83 exhibits an unusual basal signaling for different effectors, which also supports signaling promiscuity. hGPR83 interacts with a variety of hypothalamic GPCRs such as the MC4R or GHSR. These interactions are not dependent on the ectodomain and most likely occur at interfaces constituted in the transmembrane regions. Moreover, several amino acids at the transition between the eNDo and transmembrane helix 1 were identified, where mutations lead also to biased basal signaling modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Müller
- Institute of Experimental Pediatric Endocrinology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Julia Catherine Berkmann
- Institute of Experimental Pediatric Endocrinology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Patrick Scheerer
- Institut für Medizinische Physik und Biophysik, Group Protein X-ray Crystallography and Signal Transduction, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Heike Biebermann
- Institute of Experimental Pediatric Endocrinology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Gunnar Kleinau
- Institute of Experimental Pediatric Endocrinology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany
- * E-mail:
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35
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Bandholtz S, Erdmann S, von Hacht JL, Exner S, Krause G, Kleinau G, Grötzinger C. Urolinin: The First Linear Peptidic Urotensin-II Receptor Agonist. J Med Chem 2016; 59:10100-10112. [PMID: 27791374 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b00164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the role of individual U-II amino acid positions and side chain characteristics important for U-IIR activation. A complete permutation library of 209 U-II variants was studied in an activity screen that contained single substitution variants of each position with one of the other 19 proteinogenic amino acids. Receptor activation was measured using a cell-based high-throughput fluorescence calcium mobilization assay. We generated the first complete U-II substitution map for U-II receptor activation, resulting in a detailed view into the structural features required for receptor activation, accompanied by complementary information from receptor modeling and ligand docking studies. On the basis of the systematic SAR study of U-II, we created 33 further short and linear U-II variants from eight to three amino acids in length, including d- and other non-natural amino acids. We identified the first high-potency linear U-II analogues. Urolinin, a linear U-II agonist (nWWK-Tyr(3-NO2)-Abu), shows low nanomolar potency as well as improved metabolic stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Bandholtz
- Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology and Molecular Cancer Research Center (MKFZ), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin , Augustenburger Platz 1, D-13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Sarah Erdmann
- Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology and Molecular Cancer Research Center (MKFZ), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin , Augustenburger Platz 1, D-13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jan Lennart von Hacht
- Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology and Molecular Cancer Research Center (MKFZ), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin , Augustenburger Platz 1, D-13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Samantha Exner
- Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology and Molecular Cancer Research Center (MKFZ), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin , Augustenburger Platz 1, D-13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Gerd Krause
- Leibniz-Institut für Molekulare Pharmakologie , 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Gunnar Kleinau
- Institute of Experimental Pediatric Endocrinology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin , D-13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Carsten Grötzinger
- Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology and Molecular Cancer Research Center (MKFZ), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin , Augustenburger Platz 1, D-13353 Berlin, Germany
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Zwanziger D, Schmidt M, Fischer J, Kleinau G, Braun D, Schweizer U, Moeller LC, Biebermann H, Fuehrer D. The long N-terminus of the human monocarboxylate transporter 8 is a target of ubiquitin-dependent proteasomal degradation which regulates protein expression and oligomerization capacity. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2016; 434:278-87. [PMID: 27222294 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2016.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2015] [Revised: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 05/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Monocarboxylate transporter 8 (MCT8) equilibrates thyroid hormones between the extra- and the intracellular sides. MCT8 exists either with a short or a long N-terminus, but potential functional differences between both variants are yet not known. We, therefore, generated MCT8 constructs which are different in N-terminal length: MCT8(1-613), MCT8(25-613), MCT8(49-613) and MCT8(75-613). The M75G substitution prevents translation of MCT8(75-613) and ensures expression of full-length MCT8 protein. The K56G substitution was made to prevent ubiquitinylation. Cell-surface expression, localization and proteasomal degradation were investigated using C-terminally GFP-tagged MCT8 constructs (HEK293 and MDCK1 cells) and oligomerization capacity was determined using N-terminally HA- and C-terminally FLAG-tagged MCT8 constructs (COS7 cells). MCT8(1-613)-GFP showed a lower protein expression than the shorter MCT8(75-613)-GFP protein. The proteasome inhibitor lactacystin increased MCT8(1-613)-GFP protein amount, suggesting proteasomal degradation of MCT8 with the long N-terminus. Ubiquitin conjugation of MCT8(1-613)-GFP was found by immuno-precipitation. A diminished ubiquitin conjugation caused by K56G substitution resulted in increased MCT8(1-613)-GFP protein expression. Sandwich ELISA was performed to investigate if the bands at higher molecular weight observed in Western blot analysis are due to MCT8 oligomerization, which was indeed shown. Our data imply a role of the long N-terminus of MCT8 as target of ubiquitin-dependent proteasomal degradation affecting MCT8 amount and subsequently oligomerization capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise Zwanziger
- University of Duisburg-Essen, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism and Division of Laboratory Research, Hufelandstraße 55, 45147 Essen, Germany.
| | - Mathias Schmidt
- University of Duisburg-Essen, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism and Division of Laboratory Research, Hufelandstraße 55, 45147 Essen, Germany.
| | - Jana Fischer
- Charitè-Berlin, Institute of Experimental Pediatric Endocrinology, Augustenburgerplatz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Gunnar Kleinau
- Charitè-Berlin, Institute of Experimental Pediatric Endocrinology, Augustenburgerplatz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Doreen Braun
- Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms Universität Bonn, Institut für Biochemie und Molekularbiologie, Nussallee 11, 53115 Bonn, Germany.
| | - Ulrich Schweizer
- Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms Universität Bonn, Institut für Biochemie und Molekularbiologie, Nussallee 11, 53115 Bonn, Germany.
| | - Lars Christian Moeller
- University of Duisburg-Essen, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism and Division of Laboratory Research, Hufelandstraße 55, 45147 Essen, Germany.
| | - Heike Biebermann
- Charitè-Berlin, Institute of Experimental Pediatric Endocrinology, Augustenburgerplatz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Dagmar Fuehrer
- University of Duisburg-Essen, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism and Division of Laboratory Research, Hufelandstraße 55, 45147 Essen, Germany.
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Schonnop L, Kleinau G, Herrfurth N, Volckmar AL, Cetindag C, Müller A, Peters T, Herpertz S, Antel J, Hebebrand J, Biebermann H, Hinney A. Decreased melanocortin-4 receptor function conferred by an infrequent variant at the human melanocortin receptor accessory protein 2 gene. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2016; 24:1976-82. [PMID: 27474872 DOI: 10.1002/oby.21576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2016] [Revised: 05/05/2016] [Accepted: 05/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The melanocortin receptor accessory protein 2 (MRAP2) is relevant for weight regulation in mice and humans. This function is likely mediated by regulation of the melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R). Functional implications of human MRAP2 mutations have not been described yet. METHODS A mutation screen was conducted in MRAP2 in 184 children and adolescents with (extreme) obesity and in 184 lean controls. Detected nonsynonymous variants were genotyped in larger independent study groups (300 people with obesity and 436 individuals with normal weight). The influence of mutant MRAP2 on MC4R signaling was analyzed in vitro. RESULTS (1) Three (two novel) nonsynonymous MRAP2 variants were detected: p.Ala137Thr, p.Gln174Arg, p.Arg125His (rs115655382), two synonymous variants, and three intronic variants. (2) The impact of MRAP2 on MC4R function was dependent on the ratio between the two co-expressed proteins. Increased MC4R signaling was detected at MRAP2/MC4R ratios of 2 + 1 and above. (3) The function of MC4R was reduced with the infrequent allele at the MRAP2 p.Gln174Arg variant. (4) The three nonsynonymous mutations were each only detected once among the 484 people with obesity and not among 620 individuals with normal weight. CONCLUSIONS This was the first study describing an effect of a MRAP2 mutation on MC4R function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Schonnop
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Gunnar Kleinau
- Institute of Experimental Pediatric Endocrinology, Charité, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nikolas Herrfurth
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Anna-Lena Volckmar
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Cigdem Cetindag
- Institute of Experimental Pediatric Endocrinology, Charité, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anne Müller
- Institute of Experimental Pediatric Endocrinology, Charité, Berlin, Germany
| | - Triinu Peters
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Stephan Herpertz
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, LWL University Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Jochen Antel
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Johannes Hebebrand
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Heike Biebermann
- Institute of Experimental Pediatric Endocrinology, Charité, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anke Hinney
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
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Löf C, Patyra K, Kuulasmaa T, Vangipurapu J, Undeutsch H, Jaeschke H, Pajunen T, Kero A, Krude H, Biebermann H, Kleinau G, Kühnen P, Rantakari K, Miettinen P, Kirjavainen T, Pursiheimo JP, Mustila T, Jääskeläinen J, Ojaniemi M, Toppari J, Ignatius J, Laakso M, Kero J. Detection of Novel Gene Variants Associated with Congenital Hypothyroidism in a Finnish Patient Cohort. Thyroid 2016; 26:1215-24. [PMID: 27373559 PMCID: PMC5036323 DOI: 10.1089/thy.2016.0016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Congenital hypothyroidism (CH) is defined as the lack of thyroid hormones at birth. Mutations in at least 15 different genes have been associated with this disease. While up to 20% of CH cases are hereditary, the majority of cases are sporadic with unknown etiology. Apart from a monogenic pattern of inheritance, multigenic mechanisms have been suggested to play a role in CH. The genetics of CH has not been studied in Finland so far. Therefore, multigenic sequencing of CH candidate genes was performed in a Finnish patient cohort with both familial and sporadic CH. METHODS A targeted next-generation sequencing (NGS) panel, covering all exons of the major CH genes, was applied for 15 patients with sporadic and 11 index cases with familial CH. RESULTS Among the familial cases, six pathogenic mutations were found in the TPO, PAX8, and TSHR genes. Furthermore, pathogenic NKX2.1 and TG mutations were identified from sporadic cases, together with likely pathogenic variants in the TG, NKX2.5, SLC26A4, and DUOX2 genes. All identified novel pathogenic mutations were confirmed by Sanger-sequencing and characterized in silico and/or in vitro. CONCLUSION In summary, the CH panel provides an efficient, cost-effective, and multigenic screening tool for both known and novel CH gene mutations. Hence, it may be a useful method to identify accurately the genetic etiology for dyshormogenic, familial, or syndromic forms of CH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoffer Löf
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Konrad Patyra
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Teemu Kuulasmaa
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jagadish Vangipurapu
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Henriette Undeutsch
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Holger Jaeschke
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Tuulia Pajunen
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Andreina Kero
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Heiko Krude
- Institute of Experimental Pediatric Endocrinology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Heike Biebermann
- Institute of Experimental Pediatric Endocrinology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Gunnar Kleinau
- Institute of Experimental Pediatric Endocrinology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Peter Kühnen
- Institute of Experimental Pediatric Endocrinology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Krista Rantakari
- Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Hospital District of Helsinki and Uusimaa, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Päivi Miettinen
- Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Hospital District of Helsinki and Uusimaa, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Turkka Kirjavainen
- Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Hospital District of Helsinki and Uusimaa, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Juha-Pekka Pursiheimo
- Turku Clinical Sequencing Laboratory, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Taina Mustila
- Department of Pediatrics, Seinäjoki Central Hospital, Seinäjoki, Finland
| | - Jarmo Jääskeläinen
- Department of Pediatrics, Seinäjoki Central Hospital, Seinäjoki, Finland
| | - Marja Ojaniemi
- Department of Children and Adolescents, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Jorma Toppari
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Pediatrics, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Jaakko Ignatius
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Markku Laakso
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jukka Kero
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Pediatrics, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
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Busnelli M, Kleinau G, Muttenthaler M, Stoev S, Manning M, Bibic L, Howell LA, McCormick PJ, Di Lascio S, Braida D, Sala M, Rovati GE, Bellini T, Chini B. Design and Characterization of Superpotent Bivalent Ligands Targeting Oxytocin Receptor Dimers via a Channel-Like Structure. J Med Chem 2016; 59:7152-66. [PMID: 27420737 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b00564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Dimeric/oligomeric states of G-protein coupled receptors have been difficult to target. We report here bivalent ligands consisting of two identical oxytocin-mimetics that induce a three order magnitude boost in G-protein signaling of oxytocin receptors (OTRs) in vitro and a 100- and 40-fold gain in potency in vivo in the social behavior of mice and zebrafish. Through receptor mutagenesis and interference experiments with synthetic peptides mimicking transmembrane helices (TMH), we show that such superpotent behavior follows from the binding of the bivalent ligands to dimeric receptors based on a TMH1-TMH2 interface. Moreover, in this arrangement, only the analogues with a well-defined spacer length (∼25 Å) precisely fit inside a channel-like passage between the two protomers of the dimer. The newly discovered oxytocin bivalent ligands represent a powerful tool for targeting dimeric OTR in neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders and, in general, provide a framework to untangle specific arrangements of G-protein coupled receptor dimers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Busnelli
- CNR, Institute of Neuroscience , Milan, Italy 20129.,Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano , Milan, Italy 20129
| | - Gunnar Kleinau
- Institute of Experimental Pediatric Endocrinology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin , Berlin, Germany 13353
| | - Markus Muttenthaler
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland , Brisbane, Australia 4072
| | - Stoytcho Stoev
- Department of Biochemistry and Cancer Biology, University of Toledo , Toledo, Ohio 43614, United States
| | - Maurice Manning
- Department of Biochemistry and Cancer Biology, University of Toledo , Toledo, Ohio 43614, United States
| | - Lucka Bibic
- School of Pharmacy, University of East Anglia , Norwich Research Park, Norwich, U.K. NR4 7TJ
| | - Lesley A Howell
- School of Pharmacy, University of East Anglia , Norwich Research Park, Norwich, U.K. NR4 7TJ
| | - Peter J McCormick
- School of Pharmacy, University of East Anglia , Norwich Research Park, Norwich, U.K. NR4 7TJ
| | - Simona Di Lascio
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano , Milan, Italy 20129
| | - Daniela Braida
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano , Milan, Italy 20129
| | - Mariaelvina Sala
- CNR, Institute of Neuroscience , Milan, Italy 20129.,Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano , Milan, Italy 20129
| | - G Enrico Rovati
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano , Milan, Italy 20133
| | - Tommaso Bellini
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano , Milan, Italy 20129
| | - Bice Chini
- CNR, Institute of Neuroscience , Milan, Italy 20129
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Kleinau G, Kalveram L, Köhrle J, Szkudlinski M, Schomburg L, Biebermann H, Grüters-Kieslich A. Minireview: Insights Into the Structural and Molecular Consequences of the TSH-β Mutation C105Vfs114X. Mol Endocrinol 2016; 30:954-64. [PMID: 27387040 DOI: 10.1210/me.2016-1065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Naturally occurring thyrotropin (TSH) mutations are rare, which is also the case for the homologous heterodimeric glycoprotein hormones (GPHs) follitropin (FSH), lutropin (LH), and choriogonadotropin (CG). Patients with TSH-inactivating mutations present with central congenital hypothyroidism. Here, we summarize insights into the most frequent loss-of-function β-subunit of TSH mutation C105Vfs114X, which is associated with isolated TSH deficiency. This review will address the following question. What is currently known on the molecular background of this TSH variant on a protein level? It has not yet been clarified how C105Vfs114X causes early symptoms in affected patients, which are comparably severe to those observed in newborns lacking any functional thyroid tissue (athyreosis). To better understand the mechanisms of this mutant, we have summarized published reports and complemented this information with a structural perspective on GPHs. By including the ancestral TSH receptor agonist thyrostimulin and pathogenic mutations reported for FSH, LH, and choriogonadotropin in the analysis, insightful structure function and evolutionary restrictions become apparent. However, comparisons of immunogenicity and bioactivity of different GPH variants is hindered by a lack of consensus for functional analysis and the diversity of used GPH assays. Accordingly, relevant gaps of knowledge concerning details of GPH mutation-related effects are identified and highlighted in this review. These issues are of general importance as several previous and recent studies point towards the high impact of GPH variants in differential signaling regulation at GPH receptors (GPHRs), both endogenously and under diseased conditions. Further improvement in this area is of decisive importance for the development of novel targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gunnar Kleinau
- Institute of Experimental Pediatric Endocrinology (G.K., L.K., H.B.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, 13353 Germany; Institute of Experimental Endocrinology (J.K., L.S.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Germany; Trophogen, Inc (M.S.), Rockville, Maryland 20850; and Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (A.G.-K.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, 13353 Germany
| | - Laura Kalveram
- Institute of Experimental Pediatric Endocrinology (G.K., L.K., H.B.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, 13353 Germany; Institute of Experimental Endocrinology (J.K., L.S.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Germany; Trophogen, Inc (M.S.), Rockville, Maryland 20850; and Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (A.G.-K.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, 13353 Germany
| | - Josef Köhrle
- Institute of Experimental Pediatric Endocrinology (G.K., L.K., H.B.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, 13353 Germany; Institute of Experimental Endocrinology (J.K., L.S.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Germany; Trophogen, Inc (M.S.), Rockville, Maryland 20850; and Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (A.G.-K.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, 13353 Germany
| | - Mariusz Szkudlinski
- Institute of Experimental Pediatric Endocrinology (G.K., L.K., H.B.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, 13353 Germany; Institute of Experimental Endocrinology (J.K., L.S.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Germany; Trophogen, Inc (M.S.), Rockville, Maryland 20850; and Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (A.G.-K.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, 13353 Germany
| | - Lutz Schomburg
- Institute of Experimental Pediatric Endocrinology (G.K., L.K., H.B.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, 13353 Germany; Institute of Experimental Endocrinology (J.K., L.S.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Germany; Trophogen, Inc (M.S.), Rockville, Maryland 20850; and Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (A.G.-K.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, 13353 Germany
| | - Heike Biebermann
- Institute of Experimental Pediatric Endocrinology (G.K., L.K., H.B.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, 13353 Germany; Institute of Experimental Endocrinology (J.K., L.S.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Germany; Trophogen, Inc (M.S.), Rockville, Maryland 20850; and Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (A.G.-K.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, 13353 Germany
| | - Annette Grüters-Kieslich
- Institute of Experimental Pediatric Endocrinology (G.K., L.K., H.B.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, 13353 Germany; Institute of Experimental Endocrinology (J.K., L.S.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Germany; Trophogen, Inc (M.S.), Rockville, Maryland 20850; and Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (A.G.-K.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, 13353 Germany
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Abstract
More than 800 different human membrane-spanning G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) serve as signal transducers at biological barriers. These receptors are activated by a wide variety of ligands such as peptides, ions and hormones, and are able to activate a diverse set of intracellular signaling pathways. GPCRs are of central importance in endocrine regulation, which underpins the significance of comprehensively studying these receptors and interrelated systems. During the last decade, the capacity for multimerization of GPCRs was found to be a common and functionally relevant property. The interaction between GPCR monomers results in higher order complexes such as homomers (identical receptor subtype) or heteromers (different receptor subtypes), which may be present in a specific and dynamic monomer/oligomer equilibrium. It is widely accepted that the oligomerization of GPCRs is a mechanism for determining the fine-tuning and expansion of cellular processes by modification of ligand action, expression levels, and related signaling outcome. Accordingly, oligomerization provides exciting opportunities to optimize pharmacological treatment with respect to receptor target and tissue selectivity or for the development of diagnostic tools. On the other hand, GPCR heteromerization may be a potential reason for the undesired side effects of pharmacological interventions, faced with numerous and common mutual signaling modifications in heteromeric constellations. Finally, detailed deciphering of the physiological occurrence and relevance of specific GPCR/GPCR-ligand interactions poses a future challenge. This review will tackle the aspects of GPCR oligomerization with specific emphasis on family A GPCRs involved in endocrine regulation, whereby only a subset of these receptors will be discussed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gunnar Kleinau
- Institute of Experimental Pediatric Endocrinology (IEPE)Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anne Müller
- Institute of Experimental Pediatric Endocrinology (IEPE)Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Heike Biebermann
- Institute of Experimental Pediatric Endocrinology (IEPE)Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
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Schöneberg T, Kleinau G, Brüser A. What are they waiting for?—Tethered agonism in G protein-coupled receptors. Pharmacol Res 2016; 108:9-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2016.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2016] [Accepted: 03/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Gomes I, Bobeck EN, Margolis EB, Gupta A, Sierra S, Fakira AK, Fujita W, Müller TD, Müller A, Tschöp MH, Kleinau G, Fricker LD, Devi LA. Identification of GPR83 as the receptor for the neuroendocrine peptide PEN. Sci Signal 2016; 9:ra43. [PMID: 27117253 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aad0694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
PEN is an abundant peptide in the brain that has been implicated in the regulation of feeding. We identified a receptor for PEN in mouse hypothalamus and Neuro2A cells. PEN bound to and activated GPR83, a G protein (heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide)-binding protein)-coupled receptor (GPCR). Reduction of GPR83 expression in mouse brain and Neuro2A cells reduced PEN binding and signaling, consistent with GPR83 functioning as the major receptor for PEN. In some brain regions, GPR83 colocalized with GPR171, a GPCR that binds the neuropeptide bigLEN, another neuropeptide that is involved in feeding and is generated from the same precursor protein as is PEN. Coexpression of these two receptors in cell lines altered the signaling properties of each receptor, suggesting a functional interaction. Our data established PEN as a neuropeptide that binds GPR83 and suggested that these two ligand-receptor systems-PEN-GPR83 and bigLEN-GPR171-may be functionally coupled in the regulation of feeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivone Gomes
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Therapeutics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Erin N Bobeck
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Therapeutics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Elyssa B Margolis
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Achla Gupta
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Therapeutics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Salvador Sierra
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Therapeutics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Amanda K Fakira
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Therapeutics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Wakako Fujita
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Therapeutics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Timo D Müller
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany. Division of Metabolic Diseases, Department of Medicine, Technische Universität München, 80333 Munich, Germany
| | - Anne Müller
- Institut für Experimentelle Pädiatrische Endokrinologie, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Matthias H Tschöp
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany. Division of Metabolic Diseases, Department of Medicine, Technische Universität München, 80333 Munich, Germany
| | - Gunnar Kleinau
- Institut für Experimentelle Pädiatrische Endokrinologie, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Lloyd D Fricker
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Lakshmi A Devi
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Therapeutics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA. Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.
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Müller A, Niederstadt L, Jonas W, Yi CX, Meyer F, Wiedmer P, Fischer J, Grötzinger C, Schürmann A, Tschöp M, Kleinau G, Grüters A, Krude H, Biebermann H. Ring Finger Protein 11 Inhibits Melanocortin 3 and 4 Receptor Signaling. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2016; 7:109. [PMID: 27551276 PMCID: PMC4976663 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2016.00109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Intact melanocortin signaling via the G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), melanocortin receptor 4 (MC4R), and melanocortin receptor 3 (MC3R) is crucial for body weight maintenance. So far, no connection between melanocortin signaling and hypothalamic inflammation has been reported. Using a bimolecular fluorescence complementation library screen, we identified a new interaction partner for these receptors, ring finger protein 11 (RNF11). RNF11 participates in the constitution of the A20 complex that is involved in reduction of tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα)-induced NFκB signaling, an important pathway in hypothalamic inflammation. Mice treated with high-fat diet (HFD) for 3 days demonstrated a trend toward an increase in hypothalamic Rnf11 expression, as shown for other inflammatory markers under HFD. Furthermore, Gs-mediated signaling of MC3/4R was demonstrated to be strongly reduced to 20-40% by co-expression of RNF11 despite unchanged total receptor expression. Cell surface expression was not affected for MC3R but resulted in a significant reduction of MC4R to 61% by co-expression with RNF11. Mechanisms linking HFD, inflammation, and metabolism remain partially understood. In this study, a new axis between signaling of specific body weight regulating GPCRs and factors involved in hypothalamic inflammation is suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Müller
- Institut für Experimentelle Pädiatrische Endokrinologie, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lars Niederstadt
- Tumor Targeting Laboratory, Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Molecular Cancer Research Center (MKFZ), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Wenke Jonas
- Department of Experimental Diabetology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), Nuthetal, Germany
- German Center of Diabetes Research, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Chun-Xia Yi
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Academic Medical Center (AMC), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Franziska Meyer
- Institut für Experimentelle Endokrinologie, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Petra Wiedmer
- Department of Experimental Diabetology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Jana Fischer
- Institut für Experimentelle Pädiatrische Endokrinologie, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Carsten Grötzinger
- Tumor Targeting Laboratory, Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Molecular Cancer Research Center (MKFZ), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Annette Schürmann
- Department of Experimental Diabetology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), Nuthetal, Germany
- German Center of Diabetes Research, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Matthias Tschöp
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Germany, Deutsches Forschungszentrum für Gesundheit und Umwelt (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany
- Technische Universität München, München, Germany
| | - Gunnar Kleinau
- Institut für Experimentelle Pädiatrische Endokrinologie, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Annette Grüters
- Institut für Experimentelle Pädiatrische Endokrinologie, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Heiko Krude
- Institut für Experimentelle Pädiatrische Endokrinologie, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Heike Biebermann
- Institut für Experimentelle Pädiatrische Endokrinologie, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- *Correspondence: Heike Biebermann,
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Brüser A, Schulz A, Rothemund S, Ricken A, Calebiro D, Kleinau G, Schöneberg T. The Activation Mechanism of Glycoprotein Hormone Receptors with Implications in the Cause and Therapy of Endocrine Diseases. J Biol Chem 2015; 291:508-20. [PMID: 26582202 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.701102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycoprotein hormones (GPHs) are the main regulators of the pituitary-thyroid and pituitary-gonadal axes. Selective interaction between GPHs and their cognate G protein-coupled receptors ensure specificity in GPH signaling. The mechanisms of how these hormones activate glycoprotein hormone receptors (GPHRs) or how mutations and autoantibodies can alter receptor function were unclear. Based on the hypothesis that GPHRs contain an internal agonist, we systematically screened peptide libraries derived from the ectodomain for agonistic activity on the receptors. We show that a peptide (p10) derived from a conserved sequence in the C-terminal part of the extracellular N terminus can activate all GPHRs in vitro and in GPHR-expressing tissues. Inactivating mutations in this conserved region or in p10 can inhibit activation of the thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor by autoantibodies. Our data suggest an activation mechanism where, upon extracellular ligand binding, this intramolecular agonist isomerizes and induces structural changes in the 7-transmembrane helix domain, triggering G protein activation. This mechanism can explain the pathophysiology of activating autoantibodies and several mutations causing endocrine dysfunctions such as Graves disease and hypo- and hyperthyroidism. Our findings highlight an evolutionarily conserved activation mechanism of GPHRs and will further promote the development of specific ligands useful to treat Graves disease and other dysfunctions of GPHRs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Albert Ricken
- Institute of Anatomy, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig
| | - Davide Calebiro
- the Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology & Bio-Imaging Center/Rudolf Virchow Center, University of Würzburg, 97078 Würzburg, and
| | - Gunnar Kleinau
- Institute of Experimental Pediatric Endocrinology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany
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Dinter J, Khajavi N, Mühlhaus J, Wienchol CL, Cöster M, Hermsdorf T, Stäubert C, Köhrle J, Schöneberg T, Kleinau G, Mergler S, Biebermann H. The Multitarget Ligand 3-Iodothyronamine Modulates β-Adrenergic Receptor 2 Signaling. Eur Thyroid J 2015; 4:21-9. [PMID: 26601070 PMCID: PMC4640289 DOI: 10.1159/000381801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2014] [Revised: 03/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND 3-Iodothyronamine (3-T1AM), a signaling molecule with structural similarities to thyroid hormones, induces numerous physiological responses including reversible body temperature decline. One target of 3-T1AM is the trace amine-associated receptor 1 (TAAR1), which is a member of the rhodopsin-like family of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). Interestingly, the effects of 3-T1AM remain detectable in TAAR1 knockout mice, suggesting further targets for 3-T1AM such as adrenergic receptors. Therefore, we evaluated whether β-adrenergic receptor 1 (ADRB1) and 2 (ADRB2) signaling is affected by 3-T1AM in HEK293 cells and in human conjunctival epithelial cells (IOBA-NHC), where these receptors are highly expressed endogenously. METHODS A label-free EPIC system for prescreening the 3-T1AM-induced effects on ADRB1 and ADRB2 in transfected HEK293 cells was used. In addition, ADRB1 and ADRB2 activation was analyzed using a cyclic AMP assay and a MAPK reporter gene assay. Finally, fluorescence Ca(2+) imaging was utilized to delineate 3-T1AM-induced Ca(2+) signaling. RESULTS 3-T1AM (10(-5)-10(-10)M) enhanced isoprenaline-induced ADRB2-mediated Gs signaling but not that of ADRB1-mediated signaling. MAPK signaling remained unaffected for both receptors. In IOBA-NHC cells, norepinephrine-induced Ca(2+) influxes were blocked by the nonselective ADRB blocker timolol (10 µM), indicating that ADRBs are most likely linked with Ca(2+) channels. Notably, timolol was also found to block 3-T1AM (10(-5)M)-induced Ca(2+) influx. CONCLUSIONS The presented data support that 3-T1AM directly modulates β-adrenergic receptor signaling. The relationship between 3-T1AM and β-adrenergic signaling also reveals a potential therapeutic value for suppressing Ca(2+) channel-mediated inflammation processes, occurring in eye diseases such as conjunctivitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliane Dinter
- Institut für Experimentelle Pädiatrische Endokrinologie, Berlin, Germany
| | - Noushafarin Khajavi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jessica Mühlhaus
- Institut für Experimentelle Pädiatrische Endokrinologie, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Maxi Cöster
- Institut für Biochemie, Molekulare Biochemie, Medizinische Fakultät, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Thomas Hermsdorf
- Institut für Biochemie, Molekulare Biochemie, Medizinische Fakultät, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Claudia Stäubert
- Institut für Biochemie, Molekulare Biochemie, Medizinische Fakultät, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Josef Köhrle
- Institut für Experimentelle Endokrinologie, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Torsten Schöneberg
- Institut für Biochemie, Molekulare Biochemie, Medizinische Fakultät, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Gunnar Kleinau
- Institut für Experimentelle Pädiatrische Endokrinologie, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefan Mergler
- Department of Ophthalmology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Heike Biebermann
- Institut für Experimentelle Pädiatrische Endokrinologie, Berlin, Germany
- *Heike Biebermann, Institut für Experimentelle Pädiatrische Endokrinologie, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, DE-13353 Berlin (Germany), E-Mail , Stefan Mergler, Department of Ophthalmology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, DE-13353 Berlin (Germany), E-Mail
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Vezzoli V, Duminuco P, Vottero A, Kleinau G, Schülein R, Minari R, Bassi I, Bernasconi S, Persani L, Bonomi M. A new variant in signal peptide of the human luteinizing hormone receptor (LHCGR) affects receptor biogenesis causing leydig cell hypoplasia. Hum Mol Genet 2015; 24:6003-12. [PMID: 26246498 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddv313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2015] [Accepted: 07/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The human luteinizing hormone/chorionic gonadotropin receptor (LHCGR) plays a fundamental role in male and female reproduction. In males, loss-of-function mutations in LHCGR have been associated with distinct degrees of impairment in pre- and postnatal testosterone secretion resulting in a variable phenotypic spectrum, classified as Leydig cell hypoplasia (LCH) type 1 (complete LH resistance and disorder of sex differentiation) and type 2 (partial LH resistance with impaired masculinization and fertility). Here, we report the case of an adolescent who came to the pediatric endocrinologist at the age of 12 years old for micropenis and cryptorchidism. Testis biopsy showed profound LCH and absent germinal line elements (Sertoli-only syndrome). The sequence analysis of the LHCGR gene showed the presence of a compound heterozygosity, being one variation, c.1847C>A p.S616Y, already described in association to Hypergonadotropic Hypogonadism, and the other, c.29 C>T p.L10P, a new identified variant in the putative signal peptide (SP) of LHCGR. Functional and structural studies provide first evidence that LHCGR have a functional and cleavable SP required for receptor biogenesis. Moreover, we demonstrate the pathogenic role of the novel p.L10P allelic variant, which has to be considered a loss-of-function mutation significantly contributing, in compound heterozygosity with p.S616Y, to the LCH type 2 observed in our patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Vezzoli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e di Comunità and Divisione di Medicina Generale ad Indirizzo Endocrino-Metabolico e Laboratorio di Ricerche Endocrino-Metaboliche, Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, Cusano Milanino, MI, Italy
| | - Paolo Duminuco
- Divisione di Medicina Generale ad Indirizzo Endocrino-Metabolico e Laboratorio di Ricerche Endocrino-Metaboliche, Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, Cusano Milanino, MI, Italy
| | - Alessandra Vottero
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Sperimentale, Università Degli Studi di Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Gunnar Kleinau
- Institute of Experimental Pediatric Endocrinology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany and
| | - Ralf Schülein
- Leibniz-Institut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Berlin, Germany
| | - Roberta Minari
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Sperimentale, Università Degli Studi di Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Ivan Bassi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Della Salute, Università di Milano, Milan, MI, Italy, Divisione di Medicina Generale ad Indirizzo Endocrino-Metabolico e Laboratorio di Ricerche Endocrino-Metaboliche, Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, Cusano Milanino, MI, Italy
| | - Sergio Bernasconi
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Sperimentale, Università Degli Studi di Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Luca Persani
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e di Comunità and Divisione di Medicina Generale ad Indirizzo Endocrino-Metabolico e Laboratorio di Ricerche Endocrino-Metaboliche, Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, Cusano Milanino, MI, Italy
| | - Marco Bonomi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e di Comunità and Divisione di Medicina Generale ad Indirizzo Endocrino-Metabolico e Laboratorio di Ricerche Endocrino-Metaboliche, Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, Cusano Milanino, MI, Italy,
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48
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Lábadi Á, Grassi ES, Gellén B, Kleinau G, Biebermann H, Ruzsa B, Gelmini G, Rideg O, Miseta A, Kovács GL, Patócs A, Felszeghy E, Nagy EV, Mezősi E, Persani L. Loss-of-Function Variants in a Hungarian Cohort Reveal Structural Insights on TSH Receptor Maturation and Signaling. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2015; 100:E1039-45. [PMID: 25978107 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2014-4511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Congenital hypothyroidism (CH) is one of the most common inborn endocrine disorders with genetic background. Despite the well-established newborn CH screening program in Hungary, no systematic examination of the underlying genetic alterations has been performed as yet. OBJECTIVE We aimed to explore TSH receptor (TSHR) mutations in a cohort of Hungarian patients with CH. PATIENTS Eighty-five unrelated patients with permanent primary CH, all diagnosed at newborn screening, were selected. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Coding exons of the TSHR gene were sequenced and evaluated together with the thyroid-specific clinical parameters. Functional features of the novel mutations were experimentally examined, and their comparative molecular models were built. RESULTS In four patients (one heterozygous and three compound heterozygous), seven TSHR mutations were identified. Among these, N432(1.50)D and P449(2.39)L are novel missense alterations. Importantly, the N432(1.50) residue is highly conserved among G protein-coupled receptors, and its function has not been examined yet in human glycoprotein hormone receptors. Our results indicate that the N432(1.50)D mutation disrupts important, architecture-stabilizing intramolecular interactions and ultimately leads to the complete intracellular retention of the receptor. On the other hand, P449(2.39) is located in the intracellular part of the receptor, which is important in G protein coupling. The P449(2.39)L mutation results in signaling impairment, with a more profound effect on the Gq/11 pathway. CONCLUSION TSHR mutations are common among Hungarian patients with CH. The novel genetic alterations revealed an important structural role of the N432(1.50) and the P449(2.39) residues in receptor expression and signaling, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Árpád Lábadi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine (A.L., O.R., A.M., G.L.K.), University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary; Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health (E.S.G., L.P.), University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy; Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Health Care Center (B.G.), University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary; Institute of Experimental Pediatric Endocrinology (G.K., H.B.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany; First Department of Internal Medicine (B.R., E.M.), University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary; Division of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases and Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Research (G.G., L.P.), Ospedale San Luca, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Istituto Auxologico Italiano, 20149 Milan, Italy; Szentágothai Research Centre (G.L.K.), University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary; HAS-SE "Lendület" Hereditary Endocrine Tumors Research Group (A.P.), 1085 Budapest, Hungary; and Departments of Pediatrics (E.F.) and Internal Medicine (E.V.N.), Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen Hungary
| | - Elisa Stellaria Grassi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine (A.L., O.R., A.M., G.L.K.), University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary; Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health (E.S.G., L.P.), University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy; Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Health Care Center (B.G.), University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary; Institute of Experimental Pediatric Endocrinology (G.K., H.B.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany; First Department of Internal Medicine (B.R., E.M.), University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary; Division of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases and Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Research (G.G., L.P.), Ospedale San Luca, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Istituto Auxologico Italiano, 20149 Milan, Italy; Szentágothai Research Centre (G.L.K.), University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary; HAS-SE "Lendület" Hereditary Endocrine Tumors Research Group (A.P.), 1085 Budapest, Hungary; and Departments of Pediatrics (E.F.) and Internal Medicine (E.V.N.), Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen Hungary
| | - Balázs Gellén
- Department of Laboratory Medicine (A.L., O.R., A.M., G.L.K.), University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary; Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health (E.S.G., L.P.), University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy; Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Health Care Center (B.G.), University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary; Institute of Experimental Pediatric Endocrinology (G.K., H.B.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany; First Department of Internal Medicine (B.R., E.M.), University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary; Division of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases and Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Research (G.G., L.P.), Ospedale San Luca, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Istituto Auxologico Italiano, 20149 Milan, Italy; Szentágothai Research Centre (G.L.K.), University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary; HAS-SE "Lendület" Hereditary Endocrine Tumors Research Group (A.P.), 1085 Budapest, Hungary; and Departments of Pediatrics (E.F.) and Internal Medicine (E.V.N.), Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen Hungary
| | - Gunnar Kleinau
- Department of Laboratory Medicine (A.L., O.R., A.M., G.L.K.), University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary; Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health (E.S.G., L.P.), University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy; Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Health Care Center (B.G.), University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary; Institute of Experimental Pediatric Endocrinology (G.K., H.B.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany; First Department of Internal Medicine (B.R., E.M.), University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary; Division of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases and Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Research (G.G., L.P.), Ospedale San Luca, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Istituto Auxologico Italiano, 20149 Milan, Italy; Szentágothai Research Centre (G.L.K.), University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary; HAS-SE "Lendület" Hereditary Endocrine Tumors Research Group (A.P.), 1085 Budapest, Hungary; and Departments of Pediatrics (E.F.) and Internal Medicine (E.V.N.), Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen Hungary
| | - Heike Biebermann
- Department of Laboratory Medicine (A.L., O.R., A.M., G.L.K.), University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary; Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health (E.S.G., L.P.), University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy; Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Health Care Center (B.G.), University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary; Institute of Experimental Pediatric Endocrinology (G.K., H.B.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany; First Department of Internal Medicine (B.R., E.M.), University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary; Division of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases and Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Research (G.G., L.P.), Ospedale San Luca, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Istituto Auxologico Italiano, 20149 Milan, Italy; Szentágothai Research Centre (G.L.K.), University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary; HAS-SE "Lendület" Hereditary Endocrine Tumors Research Group (A.P.), 1085 Budapest, Hungary; and Departments of Pediatrics (E.F.) and Internal Medicine (E.V.N.), Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen Hungary
| | - Beáta Ruzsa
- Department of Laboratory Medicine (A.L., O.R., A.M., G.L.K.), University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary; Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health (E.S.G., L.P.), University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy; Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Health Care Center (B.G.), University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary; Institute of Experimental Pediatric Endocrinology (G.K., H.B.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany; First Department of Internal Medicine (B.R., E.M.), University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary; Division of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases and Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Research (G.G., L.P.), Ospedale San Luca, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Istituto Auxologico Italiano, 20149 Milan, Italy; Szentágothai Research Centre (G.L.K.), University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary; HAS-SE "Lendület" Hereditary Endocrine Tumors Research Group (A.P.), 1085 Budapest, Hungary; and Departments of Pediatrics (E.F.) and Internal Medicine (E.V.N.), Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen Hungary
| | - Giulia Gelmini
- Department of Laboratory Medicine (A.L., O.R., A.M., G.L.K.), University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary; Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health (E.S.G., L.P.), University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy; Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Health Care Center (B.G.), University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary; Institute of Experimental Pediatric Endocrinology (G.K., H.B.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany; First Department of Internal Medicine (B.R., E.M.), University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary; Division of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases and Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Research (G.G., L.P.), Ospedale San Luca, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Istituto Auxologico Italiano, 20149 Milan, Italy; Szentágothai Research Centre (G.L.K.), University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary; HAS-SE "Lendület" Hereditary Endocrine Tumors Research Group (A.P.), 1085 Budapest, Hungary; and Departments of Pediatrics (E.F.) and Internal Medicine (E.V.N.), Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen Hungary
| | - Orsolya Rideg
- Department of Laboratory Medicine (A.L., O.R., A.M., G.L.K.), University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary; Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health (E.S.G., L.P.), University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy; Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Health Care Center (B.G.), University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary; Institute of Experimental Pediatric Endocrinology (G.K., H.B.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany; First Department of Internal Medicine (B.R., E.M.), University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary; Division of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases and Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Research (G.G., L.P.), Ospedale San Luca, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Istituto Auxologico Italiano, 20149 Milan, Italy; Szentágothai Research Centre (G.L.K.), University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary; HAS-SE "Lendület" Hereditary Endocrine Tumors Research Group (A.P.), 1085 Budapest, Hungary; and Departments of Pediatrics (E.F.) and Internal Medicine (E.V.N.), Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen Hungary
| | - Attila Miseta
- Department of Laboratory Medicine (A.L., O.R., A.M., G.L.K.), University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary; Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health (E.S.G., L.P.), University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy; Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Health Care Center (B.G.), University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary; Institute of Experimental Pediatric Endocrinology (G.K., H.B.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany; First Department of Internal Medicine (B.R., E.M.), University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary; Division of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases and Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Research (G.G., L.P.), Ospedale San Luca, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Istituto Auxologico Italiano, 20149 Milan, Italy; Szentágothai Research Centre (G.L.K.), University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary; HAS-SE "Lendület" Hereditary Endocrine Tumors Research Group (A.P.), 1085 Budapest, Hungary; and Departments of Pediatrics (E.F.) and Internal Medicine (E.V.N.), Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen Hungary
| | - Gábor L Kovács
- Department of Laboratory Medicine (A.L., O.R., A.M., G.L.K.), University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary; Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health (E.S.G., L.P.), University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy; Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Health Care Center (B.G.), University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary; Institute of Experimental Pediatric Endocrinology (G.K., H.B.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany; First Department of Internal Medicine (B.R., E.M.), University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary; Division of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases and Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Research (G.G., L.P.), Ospedale San Luca, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Istituto Auxologico Italiano, 20149 Milan, Italy; Szentágothai Research Centre (G.L.K.), University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary; HAS-SE "Lendület" Hereditary Endocrine Tumors Research Group (A.P.), 1085 Budapest, Hungary; and Departments of Pediatrics (E.F.) and Internal Medicine (E.V.N.), Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen Hungary
| | - Attila Patócs
- Department of Laboratory Medicine (A.L., O.R., A.M., G.L.K.), University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary; Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health (E.S.G., L.P.), University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy; Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Health Care Center (B.G.), University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary; Institute of Experimental Pediatric Endocrinology (G.K., H.B.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany; First Department of Internal Medicine (B.R., E.M.), University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary; Division of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases and Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Research (G.G., L.P.), Ospedale San Luca, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Istituto Auxologico Italiano, 20149 Milan, Italy; Szentágothai Research Centre (G.L.K.), University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary; HAS-SE "Lendület" Hereditary Endocrine Tumors Research Group (A.P.), 1085 Budapest, Hungary; and Departments of Pediatrics (E.F.) and Internal Medicine (E.V.N.), Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen Hungary
| | - Enikő Felszeghy
- Department of Laboratory Medicine (A.L., O.R., A.M., G.L.K.), University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary; Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health (E.S.G., L.P.), University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy; Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Health Care Center (B.G.), University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary; Institute of Experimental Pediatric Endocrinology (G.K., H.B.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany; First Department of Internal Medicine (B.R., E.M.), University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary; Division of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases and Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Research (G.G., L.P.), Ospedale San Luca, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Istituto Auxologico Italiano, 20149 Milan, Italy; Szentágothai Research Centre (G.L.K.), University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary; HAS-SE "Lendület" Hereditary Endocrine Tumors Research Group (A.P.), 1085 Budapest, Hungary; and Departments of Pediatrics (E.F.) and Internal Medicine (E.V.N.), Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen Hungary
| | - Endre V Nagy
- Department of Laboratory Medicine (A.L., O.R., A.M., G.L.K.), University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary; Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health (E.S.G., L.P.), University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy; Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Health Care Center (B.G.), University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary; Institute of Experimental Pediatric Endocrinology (G.K., H.B.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany; First Department of Internal Medicine (B.R., E.M.), University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary; Division of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases and Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Research (G.G., L.P.), Ospedale San Luca, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Istituto Auxologico Italiano, 20149 Milan, Italy; Szentágothai Research Centre (G.L.K.), University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary; HAS-SE "Lendület" Hereditary Endocrine Tumors Research Group (A.P.), 1085 Budapest, Hungary; and Departments of Pediatrics (E.F.) and Internal Medicine (E.V.N.), Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen Hungary
| | - Emese Mezősi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine (A.L., O.R., A.M., G.L.K.), University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary; Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health (E.S.G., L.P.), University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy; Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Health Care Center (B.G.), University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary; Institute of Experimental Pediatric Endocrinology (G.K., H.B.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany; First Department of Internal Medicine (B.R., E.M.), University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary; Division of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases and Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Research (G.G., L.P.), Ospedale San Luca, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Istituto Auxologico Italiano, 20149 Milan, Italy; Szentágothai Research Centre (G.L.K.), University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary; HAS-SE "Lendület" Hereditary Endocrine Tumors Research Group (A.P.), 1085 Budapest, Hungary; and Departments of Pediatrics (E.F.) and Internal Medicine (E.V.N.), Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen Hungary
| | - Luca Persani
- Department of Laboratory Medicine (A.L., O.R., A.M., G.L.K.), University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary; Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health (E.S.G., L.P.), University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy; Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Health Care Center (B.G.), University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary; Institute of Experimental Pediatric Endocrinology (G.K., H.B.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany; First Department of Internal Medicine (B.R., E.M.), University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary; Division of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases and Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Research (G.G., L.P.), Ospedale San Luca, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Istituto Auxologico Italiano, 20149 Milan, Italy; Szentágothai Research Centre (G.L.K.), University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary; HAS-SE "Lendület" Hereditary Endocrine Tumors Research Group (A.P.), 1085 Budapest, Hungary; and Departments of Pediatrics (E.F.) and Internal Medicine (E.V.N.), Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen Hungary
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49
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Dinter J, Mühlhaus J, Jacobi SF, Wienchol CL, Cöster M, Meister J, Hoefig CS, Müller A, Köhrle J, Grüters A, Krude H, Mittag J, Schöneberg T, Kleinau G, Biebermann H. 3-iodothyronamine differentially modulates α-2A-adrenergic receptor-mediated signaling. J Mol Endocrinol 2015; 54:205-16. [PMID: 25878061 DOI: 10.1530/jme-15-0003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Most in vivo effects of 3-iodothyronamine (3-T1AM) have been thus far thought to be mediated by binding at the trace amine-associated receptor 1 (TAAR1). Inconsistently, the 3-T1AM-induced hypothermic effect still persists in Taar1 knockout mice, which suggests additional receptor targets. In support of this general assumption, it has previously been reported that 3-T1AM also binds to the α-2A-adrenergic receptor (ADRA2A), which modulates insulin secretion. However, the mechanism of this effect remains unclear. We tested two different scenarios that may explain the effect: the sole action of 3-T1AM at ADRA2A and a combined action of 3-T1AM at ADRA2A and TAAR1, which is also expressed in pancreatic islets. We first investigated a potential general signaling modification using the label-free EPIC technology and then specified changes in signaling by cAMP inhibition and MAPKs (ERK1/2) determination. We found that 3-T1AM induced Gi/o activation at ADRA2A and reduced the norepinephrine (NorEpi)-induced MAPK activation. Interestingly, in ADRA2A/TAAR1 hetero-oligomers, application of NorEpi resulted in uncoupling of the Gi/o signaling pathway, but it did not affect MAPK activation. However, 3-T1AM application in mice over a period of 6 days at a daily dose of 5 mg/kg had no significant effects on glucose homeostasis. In summary, we report an agonistic effect of 3-T1AM on the ADRA2A-mediated Gi/o pathway but an antagonistic effect on MAPK induced by NorEpi. Moreover, in ADRA2A/TAAR1 hetero-oligomers, the capacity of NorEpi to stimulate Gi/o signaling is reduced by co-stimulation with 3-T1AM. The present study therefore points to a complex spectrum of signaling modification mediated by 3-T1AM at different G protein-coupled receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliane Dinter
- Institut für Experimentelle Pädiatrische EndokrinologieCharité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, GermanyDepartment of Cell and Molecular BiologyKarolinska Institutet, Stockholm, SwedenInstitut für BiochemieMolekulare Biochemie, Medizinische Fakultät, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, GermanyInstitut für Experimentelle EndokrinologieCharité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jessica Mühlhaus
- Institut für Experimentelle Pädiatrische EndokrinologieCharité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, GermanyDepartment of Cell and Molecular BiologyKarolinska Institutet, Stockholm, SwedenInstitut für BiochemieMolekulare Biochemie, Medizinische Fakultät, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, GermanyInstitut für Experimentelle EndokrinologieCharité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Simon Friedrich Jacobi
- Institut für Experimentelle Pädiatrische EndokrinologieCharité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, GermanyDepartment of Cell and Molecular BiologyKarolinska Institutet, Stockholm, SwedenInstitut für BiochemieMolekulare Biochemie, Medizinische Fakultät, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, GermanyInstitut für Experimentelle EndokrinologieCharité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany Institut für Experimentelle Pädiatrische EndokrinologieCharité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, GermanyDepartment of Cell and Molecular BiologyKarolinska Institutet, Stockholm, SwedenInstitut für BiochemieMolekulare Biochemie, Medizinische Fakultät, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, GermanyInstitut für Experimentelle EndokrinologieCharité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Carolin Leonie Wienchol
- Institut für Experimentelle Pädiatrische EndokrinologieCharité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, GermanyDepartment of Cell and Molecular BiologyKarolinska Institutet, Stockholm, SwedenInstitut für BiochemieMolekulare Biochemie, Medizinische Fakultät, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, GermanyInstitut für Experimentelle EndokrinologieCharité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Maxi Cöster
- Institut für Experimentelle Pädiatrische EndokrinologieCharité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, GermanyDepartment of Cell and Molecular BiologyKarolinska Institutet, Stockholm, SwedenInstitut für BiochemieMolekulare Biochemie, Medizinische Fakultät, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, GermanyInstitut für Experimentelle EndokrinologieCharité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jaroslawna Meister
- Institut für Experimentelle Pädiatrische EndokrinologieCharité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, GermanyDepartment of Cell and Molecular BiologyKarolinska Institutet, Stockholm, SwedenInstitut für BiochemieMolekulare Biochemie, Medizinische Fakultät, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, GermanyInstitut für Experimentelle EndokrinologieCharité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Carolin Stephanie Hoefig
- Institut für Experimentelle Pädiatrische EndokrinologieCharité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, GermanyDepartment of Cell and Molecular BiologyKarolinska Institutet, Stockholm, SwedenInstitut für BiochemieMolekulare Biochemie, Medizinische Fakultät, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, GermanyInstitut für Experimentelle EndokrinologieCharité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Anne Müller
- Institut für Experimentelle Pädiatrische EndokrinologieCharité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, GermanyDepartment of Cell and Molecular BiologyKarolinska Institutet, Stockholm, SwedenInstitut für BiochemieMolekulare Biochemie, Medizinische Fakultät, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, GermanyInstitut für Experimentelle EndokrinologieCharité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Josef Köhrle
- Institut für Experimentelle Pädiatrische EndokrinologieCharité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, GermanyDepartment of Cell and Molecular BiologyKarolinska Institutet, Stockholm, SwedenInstitut für BiochemieMolekulare Biochemie, Medizinische Fakultät, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, GermanyInstitut für Experimentelle EndokrinologieCharité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Annette Grüters
- Institut für Experimentelle Pädiatrische EndokrinologieCharité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, GermanyDepartment of Cell and Molecular BiologyKarolinska Institutet, Stockholm, SwedenInstitut für BiochemieMolekulare Biochemie, Medizinische Fakultät, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, GermanyInstitut für Experimentelle EndokrinologieCharité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Heiko Krude
- Institut für Experimentelle Pädiatrische EndokrinologieCharité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, GermanyDepartment of Cell and Molecular BiologyKarolinska Institutet, Stockholm, SwedenInstitut für BiochemieMolekulare Biochemie, Medizinische Fakultät, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, GermanyInstitut für Experimentelle EndokrinologieCharité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jens Mittag
- Institut für Experimentelle Pädiatrische EndokrinologieCharité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, GermanyDepartment of Cell and Molecular BiologyKarolinska Institutet, Stockholm, SwedenInstitut für BiochemieMolekulare Biochemie, Medizinische Fakultät, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, GermanyInstitut für Experimentelle EndokrinologieCharité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Torsten Schöneberg
- Institut für Experimentelle Pädiatrische EndokrinologieCharité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, GermanyDepartment of Cell and Molecular BiologyKarolinska Institutet, Stockholm, SwedenInstitut für BiochemieMolekulare Biochemie, Medizinische Fakultät, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, GermanyInstitut für Experimentelle EndokrinologieCharité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Gunnar Kleinau
- Institut für Experimentelle Pädiatrische EndokrinologieCharité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, GermanyDepartment of Cell and Molecular BiologyKarolinska Institutet, Stockholm, SwedenInstitut für BiochemieMolekulare Biochemie, Medizinische Fakultät, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, GermanyInstitut für Experimentelle EndokrinologieCharité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Heike Biebermann
- Institut für Experimentelle Pädiatrische EndokrinologieCharité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, GermanyDepartment of Cell and Molecular BiologyKarolinska Institutet, Stockholm, SwedenInstitut für BiochemieMolekulare Biochemie, Medizinische Fakultät, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, GermanyInstitut für Experimentelle EndokrinologieCharité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
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Dinter J, Mühlhaus J, Jacobi S, Wienchol CL, Cöster M, Meister J, Höfig C, Müller A, Köhrle J, Grüters A, Krude H, Mittag J, Schöneberg T, Kleinau G, Biebermann H. New G protein coupled receptor targets for 3-iodotyronamine. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2015. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1547778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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