1
|
Park HE, Kim KM, Shin JI, Choi JG, An WJ, Trinh MP, Kang KM, Yoo JW, Byun JH, Jung MH, Lee KH, Kang HL, Baik SC, Lee WK, Shin MK. Prominent transcriptomic changes in Mycobacterium intracellulare under acidic and oxidative stress. BMC Genomics 2024; 25:376. [PMID: 38632539 PMCID: PMC11022373 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-024-10292-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC), including Mycobacterium intracellulare is a member of slow-growing mycobacteria and contributes to a substantial proportion of nontuberculous mycobacterial lung disease in humans affecting immunocompromised and elderly populations. Adaptation of pathogens in hostile environments is crucial in establishing infection and persistence within the host. However, the sophisticated cellular and molecular mechanisms of stress response in M. intracellulare still need to be fully explored. We aimed to elucidate the transcriptional response of M. intracellulare under acidic and oxidative stress conditions. RESULTS At the transcriptome level, 80 genes were shown [FC] ≥ 2.0 and p < 0.05 under oxidative stress with 10 mM hydrogen peroxide. Specifically, 77 genes were upregulated, while 3 genes were downregulated. In functional analysis, oxidative stress conditions activate DNA replication, nucleotide excision repair, mismatch repair, homologous recombination, and tuberculosis pathways. Additionally, our results demonstrate that DNA replication and repair system genes, such as dnaB, dinG, urvB, uvrD2, and recA, are indispensable for resistance to oxidative stress. On the contrary, 878 genes were shown [FC] ≥ 2.0 and p < 0.05 under acidic stress with pH 4.5. Among these genes, 339 were upregulated, while 539 were downregulated. Functional analysis highlighted nitrogen and sulfur metabolism pathways as the primary responses to acidic stress. Our findings provide evidence of the critical role played by nitrogen and sulfur metabolism genes in the response to acidic stress, including narGHIJ, nirBD, narU, narK3, cysND, cysC, cysH, ferredoxin 1 and 2, and formate dehydrogenase. CONCLUSION Our results suggest the activation of several pathways potentially critical for the survival of M. intracellulare under a hostile microenvironment within the host. This study indicates the importance of stress responses in M. intracellulare infection and identifies promising therapeutic targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Eui Park
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu-Min Kim
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52727, Republic of Korea
- Department of Convergence of Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Ih Shin
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52727, Republic of Korea
- Department of Convergence of Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Gyu Choi
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52727, Republic of Korea
- Department of Convergence of Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Jun An
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52727, Republic of Korea
- Department of Convergence of Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Minh Phuong Trinh
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52727, Republic of Korea
- Department of Convergence of Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeong-Min Kang
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52727, Republic of Korea
- Department of Convergence of Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Wan Yoo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Hyun Byun
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung Hwan Jung
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52727, Republic of Korea
- Department of Convergence of Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Kon-Ho Lee
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52727, Republic of Korea
- Department of Convergence of Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-Lyun Kang
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52727, Republic of Korea
- Department of Convergence of Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Cheol Baik
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52727, Republic of Korea
- Department of Convergence of Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo-Kon Lee
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52727, Republic of Korea
- Department of Convergence of Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Kyoung Shin
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52727, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Convergence of Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Shin JI, Ha JH, Kim KM, Choi JG, Park SR, Park HE, Park JS, Byun JH, Jung M, Baik SC, Lee WK, Kang HL, Yoo JW, Shin MK. A novel repeat sequence-based PCR (rep-PCR) using specific repeat sequences of Mycobacterium intracellulare as a DNA fingerprinting. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1161194. [PMID: 37089534 PMCID: PMC10117815 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1161194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Repetitive sequence-based PCR (rep-PCR) is a potential epidemiological technique that can provide high-throughput genotype fingerprints of heterogeneous Mycobacterium strains rapidly. Previously published rep-PCR primers, which are based on nucleotide sequences of Gram-negative bacteria may have low specificity for mycobacteria. Moreover, it was difficult to ensure the continuity of the study after the commercial rep-PCR kit was discontinued. Here, we designed a novel rep-PCR for Mycobacterium intracellulare, a major cause of nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease with frequent recurrence. We screened the 7,645 repeat sequences for 200 fragments from the genome of M. intracellulare ATCC 13950 in silico, finally generating five primers with more than 90% identity for a total of 226 loci in the genome. The five primers could make different band patterns depending on the genome of three different M. intracellulare strains using an in silico test. The novel rep-PCR with the five primers was conducted using 34 bacterial samples of 7 species containing 25 M. intracellulare clinical isolates, compared with previous published rep-PCRs. This shows distinguished patterns depending on species and blotting assay for 6 species implied the sequence specificity of the five primers. The Designed rep-PCR had a 95-98% of similarity value in the reproducibility test and showed 7 groups of fingerprints in M. intracellulare strains. Designed rep-PCR had a correlation value of 0.814 with VNTR, reference epidemiological method. This study provides a promising genotype fingerprinting method for tracing the recurrence of heterogeneous M. intracellulare.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-Ih Shin
- Department of Microbiology and Convergence Medical Sciences, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
- Fastidious Specialized Pathogen Resources Bank, A Member of the National Culture Collection for Pathogens, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Hun Ha
- Department of Microbiology and Convergence Medical Sciences, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu-Min Kim
- Department of Microbiology and Convergence Medical Sciences, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
- Fastidious Specialized Pathogen Resources Bank, A Member of the National Culture Collection for Pathogens, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Gyu Choi
- Department of Microbiology and Convergence Medical Sciences, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
- Fastidious Specialized Pathogen Resources Bank, A Member of the National Culture Collection for Pathogens, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Seo-Rin Park
- Department of Microbiology and Convergence Medical Sciences, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Eui Park
- Department of Microbiology and Convergence Medical Sciences, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Sik Park
- Department of Microbiology and Convergence Medical Sciences, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Hyun Byun
- Fastidious Specialized Pathogen Resources Bank, A Member of the National Culture Collection for Pathogens, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Myunghwan Jung
- Department of Microbiology and Convergence Medical Sciences, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
- Fastidious Specialized Pathogen Resources Bank, A Member of the National Culture Collection for Pathogens, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Chul Baik
- Department of Microbiology and Convergence Medical Sciences, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo-Kon Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Convergence Medical Sciences, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
- Fastidious Specialized Pathogen Resources Bank, A Member of the National Culture Collection for Pathogens, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-Lyun Kang
- Department of Microbiology and Convergence Medical Sciences, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Wan Yoo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea
- Jung-Wan Yoo,
| | - Min-Kyoung Shin
- Department of Microbiology and Convergence Medical Sciences, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
- Fastidious Specialized Pathogen Resources Bank, A Member of the National Culture Collection for Pathogens, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea
- *Correspondence: Min-Kyoung Shin,
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Park HE, Park S, Nizamutdinov D, Seo JH, Park JS, Jun JS, Shin JI, Boonyanugomol W, Park JS, Shin MK, Baik SC, Youn HS, Cho MJ, Kang HL, Lee WK, Jung M. Antigenic Determinant of Helicobacter pylori FlaA for Developing Serological Diagnostic Methods in Children. Pathogens 2022; 11:pathogens11121544. [PMID: 36558878 PMCID: PMC9782684 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11121544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The early diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection is important for gastric cancer prevention and treatment. Although endoscopic biopsy is widely used for H. pylori diagnosis, an accurate biopsy cannot be performed until a lesion becomes clear, especially in pediatric patients. Therefore, it is necessary to develop convenient and accurate methods for early diagnosis. FlaA, an essential factor for H. pylori survival, shows high antigenicity and can be used as a diagnostic marker. We attempted to identify effective antigens containing epitopes of high diagnostic value in FlaA. Full-sized FlaA was divided into several fragments and cloned, and its antigenicity was investigated using Western blotting. The FlaA fragment of 1345-1395 bp had strong immunogenicity. ELISA was performed with serum samples from children by using the 1345-1395 bp recombinant antigen fragment. IgG reactivity showed 90.0% sensitivity and 90.5% specificity, and IgM reactivity showed 100% sensitivity and specificity. The FlaA fragment of 1345-1395 bp discovered in the present study has antigenicity and is of high value as a candidate antigen for serological diagnosis. The FlaA 1345-1395 bp epitope can be used as a diagnostic marker for H. pylori infection, thereby controlling various gastric diseases such as gastric cancer and peptic ulcers caused by H. pylori.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Eui Park
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Health Science, Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Seorin Park
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Health Science, Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea
- BK21 Center for Human Resource Development in the Bio-Health Industry, Department of Convergence Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Damir Nizamutdinov
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hyeun Seo
- Institute of Health Science, Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Shook Park
- Institute of Health Science, Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Su Jun
- Institute of Health Science, Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Ih Shin
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea
- BK21 Center for Human Resource Development in the Bio-Health Industry, Department of Convergence Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Wongwarut Boonyanugomol
- Department of Sciences and Liberal Arts, Amnatcharoen Campus, Mahidol University, Amnatcharoen 37000, Thailand
| | - Jin-Sik Park
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Kyoung Shin
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Health Science, Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea
- BK21 Center for Human Resource Development in the Bio-Health Industry, Department of Convergence Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Chul Baik
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Health Science, Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Shang Youn
- Institute of Health Science, Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung-Je Cho
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-Lyun Kang
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Health Science, Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo-Kon Lee
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: (W.-K.L.); (M.J.); Tel.: +82-55-772-8082 (M.J.); Fax: +82-55-772-8089 (M.J.)
| | - Myunghwan Jung
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Health Science, Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea
- BK21 Center for Human Resource Development in the Bio-Health Industry, Department of Convergence Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: (W.-K.L.); (M.J.); Tel.: +82-55-772-8082 (M.J.); Fax: +82-55-772-8089 (M.J.)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Park HE, Park JS, Park HT, Shin JI, Kim KM, Park SR, Choi JG, Jung M, Kang HL, Baik SC, Lee WK, Yoo HS, Shin MK. Fetuin as a potential serum biomarker to detect subclinical shedder of bovine paratuberculosis. Microb Pathog 2022; 169:105675. [PMID: 35820578 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2022.105675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Paratuberculosis (PTB) is a chronic contagious granulomatous enteritis of wild and domestic ruminants caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP). PTB causes considerable economic losses to the dairy industry through decreased milk production and premature culling. PTB-affected cattle undergo a subclinical stage without clinical signs and initiate fecal shedding of MAP into the environment. Current diagnostic tools have low sensitivity for the detection of subclinical PTB infection. Therefore, alternative diagnostic tools are required to improve the diagnostic sensitivity of subclinical PTB infection. In this study, we performed ELISA for three previously identified host biomarkers (fetuin, alpha-1-acid glycoprotein, and apolipoprotein) and analyzed their diagnostic performance with conventional PTB diagnostic methods. We observed that serum fetuin levels were significantly lowered in the subclinical shedder and clinical shedder groups than in the healthy control group, indicating its potential utility as a diagnostic biomarker for bovine PTB. Also, fetuin showed an excellent discriminatory power with an AUC = 0.949, a sensitivity of 92.6%, and a specificity of 94.4% for the detection of subclinical MAP infection. In conclusion, our results demonstrated that fetuin could be used as a diagnostic biomarker for enhancing the diagnostic sensitivity for the detection of subclinical MAP infections that are difficult to detect based on current diagnostic methods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Eui Park
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine and Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52727, Republic of Korea; Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jin-Sik Park
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine and Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52727, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hong-Tae Park
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jeong-Ih Shin
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine and Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52727, Republic of Korea; Department of Convergence Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52727, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kyu-Min Kim
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine and Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52727, Republic of Korea; Department of Convergence Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52727, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seo-Rin Park
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine and Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52727, Republic of Korea; Department of Convergence Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52727, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jeong-Gyu Choi
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine and Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52727, Republic of Korea; Department of Convergence Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52727, Republic of Korea.
| | - Myunghwan Jung
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine and Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52727, Republic of Korea; Department of Convergence Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52727, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyung-Lyun Kang
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine and Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52727, Republic of Korea; Department of Convergence Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52727, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seung-Chul Baik
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine and Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52727, Republic of Korea; Department of Convergence Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52727, Republic of Korea.
| | - Woo-Kon Lee
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine and Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52727, Republic of Korea; Department of Convergence Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52727, Republic of Korea.
| | - Han Sang Yoo
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea; BK21 FOUR Future Veterinary Medicine Leading Education and Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
| | - Min-Kyoung Shin
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine and Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52727, Republic of Korea; Department of Convergence Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52727, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Boonyanugomol W, Rukseree K, Prapatpong P, Reamtong O, Baik SC, Jung M, Shin MK, Kang HL, Lee WK. An In Vitro Anti-Cancer Activity of Ocimum tenuiflorum Essential Oil by Inducing Apoptosis in Human Gastric Cancer Cell Line. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 57:medicina57080784. [PMID: 34440988 PMCID: PMC8400819 DOI: 10.3390/medicina57080784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: The effects of Ocimum tenuiflorum essential oil (OTEO) against gastric cancer remain unknown and merit investigation. Materials and Methods: In the present study, the anti-cancer activity of OTEO was examined in a human gastric cancer cell line (AGS). After OTEO treatment, AGS cell viability was determined by an MTT assay, and inhibition of metastasis was determined by cell migration and invasion assays. The expression of apoptosis-related genes in treated AGS cells was determined by qRT-PCR. Results: OTEO significantly decreased AGS cell viability in a dose-dependent manner (IC50 163.42 µg/mL) and effectively inhibited cell migration and invasion. Morphological examination demonstrated that OTEO induced cell shrinkage, chromatin condensation, and fragmentation, which are considered typical morphologies of apoptotic cell death. Pro-apoptotic genes (TP53, BAX, and BAK) were significantly up-regulated, while anti-apoptotic genes (BCL-2 and BCL-xL) were significantly down-regulated after treatment with OTEO. In addition, significantly increased gene expression was detected for CASP8, CASP9, and CASP3 in AGS cells exposed to OTEO. GC-MS analysis demonstrated that the major compound of OTEO was caryophyllene (25.85%) and α-pinene (11.66%). Conclusions: This in vitro study demonstrates for the first time that OTEO has potential anti-gastric cancer activity and may induce apoptosis in AGS cells through extrinsic and intrinsic pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wongwarut Boonyanugomol
- Department of Sciences and Liberal Arts, Amnatcharoen Campus, Mahidol University, Amnatcharoen 37000, Thailand;
- Correspondence:
| | - Kamolchanok Rukseree
- Department of Sciences and Liberal Arts, Amnatcharoen Campus, Mahidol University, Amnatcharoen 37000, Thailand;
| | - Pornpan Prapatpong
- Department of Public Health, Amnatcharoen Campus, Mahidol University, Amnatcharoen 37000, Thailand;
| | - Onrapak Reamtong
- Department of Molecular Tropical Medicine and Genetics, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand;
| | - Seung-Chul Baik
- Department of Microbiology, Gyeongsang Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea; (S.-C.B.); (M.J.); (M.-K.S.); (H.-L.K.); (W.-K.L.)
| | - Myunghwan Jung
- Department of Microbiology, Gyeongsang Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea; (S.-C.B.); (M.J.); (M.-K.S.); (H.-L.K.); (W.-K.L.)
| | - Min-Kyoung Shin
- Department of Microbiology, Gyeongsang Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea; (S.-C.B.); (M.J.); (M.-K.S.); (H.-L.K.); (W.-K.L.)
| | - Hyung-Lyun Kang
- Department of Microbiology, Gyeongsang Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea; (S.-C.B.); (M.J.); (M.-K.S.); (H.-L.K.); (W.-K.L.)
| | - Woo-Kon Lee
- Department of Microbiology, Gyeongsang Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea; (S.-C.B.); (M.J.); (M.-K.S.); (H.-L.K.); (W.-K.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Boonyanugomol W, Rukseree K, Baik SC, Jung M, Shin MK, Kang HL, Lee WK. Heterogeneity of Helicobacter pylori bab genotypes and their association with clinical outcomes in Korean gastroduodenal patients. New Microbiol 2021; 44:155-160. [PMID: 34694412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we aimed to investigate the prevalence of bab genes (babA, babB, babC) at their three loci (loci A, B, and C) in Helicobacter pylori strains from varied clinical manifestations of Korean gastroduodenal patients. The overall prevalence of H. pylori Korean strains positive for babA and babB was 91.1% and 92.2%, respectively, but all strains were negative for bab C. H. pylori strains with two loci occupied (loci A and B) were the most prevalent in Korean patients (85.6%), compared to one locus occupied (14.4%) (locus A or B). Twelve bab genotypes were detected, additionally, the distribution of three bab genotypes was significantly associated with different clinical outcomes among Korean patients. The genotypes babA/babB/- and babA/babA+babB/- were significantly associated with peptic ulcer disease (PUD) (63.3%) and gastritis (GT) (33.3%) patients, respectively. In addition, we found that the babA+babB/babA+babB/- genotype was significantly associated with gastric cancer (GC) (36.7%) as compared to GT (6.7%) or PUD (6.7%) (p<0.05) patients. This study provided evidence that the bab genotypes in H. pylori Korean strains were highly variable. Interestingly, three patterns of bab genotypes were significantly different among patients with different clinical outcomes in the population at high-risk for GC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wongwarut Boonyanugomol
- Department of Sciences and Liberal Arts, Mahidol University, Amnatcharoen Campus, Amnatcharoen, 37000, Thailand
| | - Kamolchanok Rukseree
- Department of Sciences and Liberal Arts, Mahidol University, Amnatcharoen Campus, Amnatcharoen, 37000, Thailand
| | - Seung-Chul Baik
- Department of Microbiology and Convergence Medical Science, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727,
Republic of Korea
| | - Myunghwan Jung
- Department of Microbiology and Convergence Medical Science, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727,
Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Kyoung Shin
- Department of Microbiology and Convergence Medical Science, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727,
Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-Lyun Kang
- Department of Microbiology and Convergence Medical Science, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727,
Republic of Korea
| | - Woo-Kon Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Convergence Medical Science, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727,
Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Lee DH, Ha JH, Shin JI, Kim KM, Choi JG, Park S, Park JS, Seo JH, Park JS, Shin MK, Baik SC, Lee WK, Youn HS, Cho MJ, Kang HL, Jung M. Increased Risk of Severe Gastric Symptoms by Virulence Factors vacAs1c, alpA, babA2, and hopZ in Helicobacter pylori Infection. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 31:368-379. [PMID: 33622995 PMCID: PMC9705970 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2101.01023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Two virulence factors of Helicobacter pylori, cagA and vacA, have been known to play a role in the development of severe gastric symptoms. However, they are not always associated with peptic ulcer or gastric cancer. To predict the disease outcome more accurately, it is necessary to understand the risk of severe symptoms linked to other virulence factors. Several other virulence factors of H. pylori have also been reported to be associated with disease outcomes, although there are many controversial descriptions. H. pylori isolates from Koreans may be useful in evaluating the relevance of other virulence factors to clinical symptoms of gastric diseases because the majority of Koreans are infected by toxigenic strains of H. pylori bearing cagA and vacA. In this study, a total of 116 H. pylori strains from Korean patients with chronic gastritis, peptic ulcers, and gastric cancers were genotyped. The presence of virulence factors vacAs1c, alpA, babA2, hopZ, and the extremely strong vacuolating toxin was found to contribute significantly to the development of severe gastric symptoms. The genotype combination vacAs1c/alpA/babA2 was the most predictable determinant for the development of severe symptoms, and the presence of babA2 was found to be the most critical factor. This study provides important information on the virulence factors that contribute to the development of severe gastric symptoms and will assist in predicting clinical disease outcomes due to H. pylori infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Hae Lee
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea,BK21 Center for Human Resource Development in the Bio-Health Industry, Department of Convergence Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Hun Ha
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea,BK21 Center for Human Resource Development in the Bio-Health Industry, Department of Convergence Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Ih Shin
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea,BK21 Center for Human Resource Development in the Bio-Health Industry, Department of Convergence Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu-Min Kim
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea,BK21 Center for Human Resource Development in the Bio-Health Industry, Department of Convergence Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-gyu Choi
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea,BK21 Center for Human Resource Development in the Bio-Health Industry, Department of Convergence Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Seorin Park
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea,BK21 Center for Human Resource Development in the Bio-Health Industry, Department of Convergence Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Sik Park
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hyeun Seo
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea,Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Shook Park
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea,Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Kyoung Shin
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea,BK21 Center for Human Resource Development in the Bio-Health Industry, Department of Convergence Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea,Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea,Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Chul Baik
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea,Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo-Kon Lee
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea,Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea,Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Shang Youn
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea,Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung-Je Cho
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea,Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-Lyun Kang
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea,Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea,Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea,H.L. Kang Phone: +82-55-772-8085 Fax: +82-55-772-8089 E-mail:
| | - Myunghwan Jung
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea,BK21 Center for Human Resource Development in the Bio-Health Industry, Department of Convergence Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea,Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea,Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea,Corresponding authors M. Jung Phone: +82-55-772-8082 Fax: +82-55-772-8089 E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Park HE, Park JS, Park HT, Choi JG, Shin JI, Jung M, Kang HL, Baik SC, Lee WK, Kim D, Yoo HS, Shin MK. Alpha-2-Macroglobulin as a New Promising Biomarker Improving the Diagnostic Sensitivity of Bovine Paratuberculosis. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:637716. [PMID: 33748212 PMCID: PMC7973028 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.637716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Johne's disease (JD) is a chronic granulomatous enteritis of ruminants caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP), which induces persistent diarrhea and cachexia. JD causes huge economic losses to the dairy industry due to reduced milk production and premature culling. Infected animals excrete MAP via feces during the prolonged subclinical stage without exhibiting any clinical signs. Therefore, accurate detection of subclinical stage animals is crucial for successful eradication of JD in the herd. In the current study, we analyzed serum samples of MAP-infected and non-infected cattle to identify potential biomarker candidates. First, we identified 12 differentially expressed serum proteins in subclinical and clinical shedder groups compared to the healthy control group. Second, we conducted ELISA for three selected biomarkers (alpha-2-macroglobulin (A2M), alpha-1-beta glycoprotein, and transthyretin) and compared their diagnostic performance with that of two commercial ELISA diagnostic kits. Serum A2M levels were significantly higher in the MAP-exposed, subclinical shedder, subclinical non-shedder, and clinical shedder groups than in the healthy control group, suggesting its possible use as a diagnostic biomarker for MAP infection. Furthermore, A2M demonstrated a sensitivity of 90.4%, and a specificity of 100% while the two commercial ELISA kits demonstrated a sensitivity of 67.83 and 73.04% and a specificity of 100%, respectively. In conclusion, our results suggest that measuring A2M by ELISA can be used as a diagnostic tool to detect MAP infection, considerably improving the detection rate of subclinical shedders and MAP-exposed animals that are undetectable using current diagnostic tools.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Eui Park
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, South Korea.,Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, BK21Four and Bio-Max/N-Bio Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jin-Sik Park
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Hong-Tae Park
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, BK21Four and Bio-Max/N-Bio Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jeong-Gyu Choi
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, South Korea.,Department of Convergence Medical Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Jeong-Ih Shin
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, South Korea.,Department of Convergence Medical Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Myunghwan Jung
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, South Korea.,Department of Convergence Medical Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Hyung-Lyun Kang
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, South Korea.,Department of Convergence Medical Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Seung-Chul Baik
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, South Korea.,Department of Convergence Medical Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Woo-Kon Lee
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, South Korea.,Department of Convergence Medical Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Donghyuk Kim
- Schools of Energy & Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, South Korea
| | - Han Sang Yoo
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, BK21Four and Bio-Max/N-Bio Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Min-Kyoung Shin
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, South Korea.,Department of Convergence Medical Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Ma XM, Kang HL, Shi CB, Li Y, Wu YF, Liu ZH, Wang G, Lei HY. [Relationship between occupational stress and working ability of workers in a petroleum processing enterprise in high altitude area]. Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi 2018; 35:907-910. [PMID: 29495152 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-9391.2017.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the relationship between occupational stress and working ability of workers in a petroleum processing enterprise in a high altitude area. Methods: A total of 728 workers in a petroleum processing enterprise at an altitude of 2850 m were subjected to a survey using Occupational Stress Inventory (OSI) , Work Ability Index (WAI) Scale, Occupational Role Questionnaire (ORQ) , Personal Strain Questionnaire (PSQ) , and Personal Resource Questionnaire (PRQ) from May 2014 to August 2016. Results: Of the 728 workers, 55 (7.6%) had a poor working ability, moderate in 262 (35.9%) , and good in 411 (56.5%). There were significant differences in WAI between the workers with different types of work, sexes, ages, and working years (P<0.05). There was a significant difference in WAI between different occupational stress groups (P<0.05). WAI was negatively correlated with ORQ score and PSQ score (r(s)=-0.387, P<0.05; r(s)=-0.467, P<0.05) and positively correlated with PRQ score (r(s)=0.343, P<0.05). The multiple linear regression analysis showed that high ORQ score and PSQ score were the inhibitory factors for high WAI (B=-0.058; B=-0.082) and high PRQ score was a contributing factor for high WAI (B=0.029) . Conclusion: Occupational stress is an influencing factor for the working ability of workers in the petroleum processing enterprise in the high altitude area. Hypoxia in high altitude area may further reduce the working ability. In order to reduce occupational stress and improve work ability, it should be considered to strengthen skills training, improve the working environment, and pay attention to mental health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- X M Ma
- Qinghai Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xining 810007, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Lee MY, Park SC, Jung M, Shin MK, Kang HL, Baik SC, Cheong GW, Jang MK, Lee WK. Cell-selectivity of tryptophan and tyrosine in amphiphilic α-helical antimicrobial peptides against drug-resistant bacteria. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 505:478-484. [PMID: 30268502 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.09.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The increasing emergence of drug-resistant bacteria creates a requirement for new antibiotics and various types of antibiotic materials such as proteins, peptides, polymers, and chemical compounds. Among these, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are considered to be promising antibiotic candidates for clinical treatments. In this study, we have designed a novel series of peptides with repeated sequences of minimum membrane-active motif, 'XWZX' basic sequence (X: lysine or arginine, Z: leucine, tyrosine, valine, or glycine), and an α-helical secondary structure. Some peptides displayed a potent antibacterial activity via membranolytic action and high therapeutic index (toxic dose/minimum inhibitory concentration) in vitro. Furthermore, in vivo experiments using bacterial ear-skin infection models verified that these peptides have the potential to be powerful and safe antibiotics. The present study provides a lead sequence for designing peptide antibiotics against bacterial membranes and information for cell-selectivity of hydrophobic amino acids with aromatic side chains such as Trp and Tyr.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min-Young Lee
- Department of Microbiology, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Gyeongnam, 52727, South Korea
| | - Seong-Cheol Park
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, Jeonnam, 57922, South Korea
| | - Myunghwan Jung
- Department of Microbiology, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Gyeongnam, 52727, South Korea
| | - Min-Kyoung Shin
- Department of Microbiology, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Gyeongnam, 52727, South Korea
| | - Hyung-Lyun Kang
- Department of Microbiology, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Gyeongnam, 52727, South Korea
| | - Seung-Chul Baik
- Department of Microbiology, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Gyeongnam, 52727, South Korea
| | - Gang-Won Cheong
- Division of Applied Life Sciences and Research Institute of Natural Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam, 52828, South Korea
| | - Mi-Kyeong Jang
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, Jeonnam, 57922, South Korea; The Research Institute for Sanitation and Environment of Coastal Areas, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, Jeonnam, 57922, South Korea.
| | - Woo-Kon Lee
- Department of Microbiology, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Gyeongnam, 52727, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Kim JM, Choe MH, Asaithambi K, Song JY, Lee YS, Lee JC, Seo JH, Kang HL, Lee KH, Lee WK, Cho MJ, Rhee KH, Youn HS, Baik SC. Helicobacter pylori HP0425 Targets the Nucleus with DNase I-Like Activity. Helicobacter 2016; 21:218-25. [PMID: 26395879 DOI: 10.1111/hel.12271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Nuclear targeting of bacterial proteins has a significant impact on host cell pathology. Helicobacter pylori have many nuclear targeting proteins that translocate into the nucleus of host cells. H. pylori HP0425, annotated as hypothetical, has a nuclear localization signal (NLS) sequence, but its function has not been demonstrated. The aim of this experiment was to address the nuclear translocation of HP0425 and determine the effect of HP0425 pathology on host cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS To investigate the nuclear localization of HP0425, it was expressed in AGS and MKN-1 cells as a GFP fusion protein (pEGFP-HP0425), and its localization was analyzed by confocal microscopy. Recombinant HP0425 (rHP0425) protein was overproduced as a GST fusion protein in Escherichia coli and purified by glutathione-affinity column chromatography. Purified rHP0425 was examined for cytotoxicity and DNase activity. RESULTS The pEGFP-HP0425 fluorescence was expressed in the nucleus and cytosol fraction of cells, while it was localized in the cytoplasm in the negative control. This protein exhibited DNase activity under various conditions, with the highest DNase activity in the presence of manganese. In addition, the rHP0425 protein efficiently decreased cell viability in a concentration-dependent manner. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that HP0425 carrying a nuclear localization signal sequence translocates into the nucleus of host cells and degrades genomic DNA by DNase I-like enzymatic activity, which is a new pathogenic strategy of H. pylori in the host.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Min Kim
- Department of Microbiology, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Korea
| | - Min-Ho Choe
- Department of Microbiology, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Korea
| | | | - Jae-Young Song
- Department of Microbiology, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Korea
| | - Yong Seok Lee
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Korea
| | - Je Chul Lee
- Department of Microbiology, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Ji-Hyun Seo
- Department of Pediatrics, Gyeongsang Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Korea
| | - Hyung-Lyun Kang
- Department of Microbiology, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Korea.,Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
| | - Kon Ho Lee
- Department of Microbiology, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Korea.,Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
| | - Woo-Kon Lee
- Department of Microbiology, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Korea.,Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
| | - Myung-Je Cho
- Department of Microbiology, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Korea.,Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
| | - Kwang-Ho Rhee
- Department of Microbiology, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Korea.,Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
| | - Hee-Shang Youn
- Department of Pediatrics, Gyeongsang Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Korea
| | - Seung-Chul Baik
- Department of Microbiology, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Korea.,Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Kwon YC, Kim S, Lee YS, Lee JC, Cho MJ, Lee WK, Kang HL, Song JY, Baik SC, Ro HS. Novel nuclear targeting coiled-coil protein of Helicobacter pylori showing Ca2+-independent, Mg2+-dependent DNase I activity. J Microbiol 2016; 54:387-95. [DOI: 10.1007/s12275-016-5631-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Revised: 03/30/2016] [Accepted: 03/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
|
13
|
Park EH, Kim JM, Kim KM, Kang D, Cho YA, Choi JY, Song JY, Kang HL, Lee WK, Cho MJ, Rhee KH, Seo JH, Youn HS, Baik SC. Helicobacter pylori γ-glutamyl transpeptidase-induced Ca(2+) release via PLC-IP3 receptors in AGS cells. Can J Microbiol 2015; 60:865-8. [PMID: 25409842 DOI: 10.1139/cjm-2014-0464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
In our previous study, γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) isolated from Helicobacter pylori induced apoptosis of AGS cells. Here, we investigate Ca(2+) effects on GGT-induced apoptosis. The GGT transiently and significantly increased intracellular Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)]i) in AGS cells in a dose-dependent manner (P < 0.05). The GGT-induced Ca(2+) increase resulted from Ca(2+) influx and release through the phospholipase C - inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (PLC-IP3) pathway. The GGT-induced apoptosis was significantly reduced by treatment with U73122 (a PLC inhibitor) and xestospongin (an IP3 receptor antagonist) (P < 0.05). These results indicate that GGT could induce apoptosis of AGS cells by high levels of [Ca(2+)]i.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Hee Park
- a Department of Microbiology, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Chiram-dong 90, Jinju 660-751, Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Kang HL, Jo JS, Kwon SU, Song JY, Seo JH, Cho MJ, Baik SC, Youn HS, Rhee KH, Lee WK. An easy way for the rapid purification of recombinant proteins from Helicobacter pylori using a newly designed expression vector. J Microbiol 2014; 52:604-8. [PMID: 24972810 DOI: 10.1007/s12275-014-3679-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2013] [Revised: 05/08/2014] [Accepted: 05/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
We constructed a H. pylori expression vector which consisted of both a His-tag and a GST tag as purification tools for recombinant protein and a chloramphenicol resistant cat gene as a reporter. The backbone of the vector pBK contained an ColEI origin of replication and a kanamycin resistant gene. A set of oligos for the His-tag and the PCR product of gst (glutathione S-transferase) gene were inserted sequentially in frame in the multi-cloning site of pBK. The orf of cat was inserted downstream of the gst to generate pBKHGC. The 3' part of H. pylori clpB and flaA were cloned into the vector which was introduced into H. pylori. Recombinant proteins were purified by GSH affinity column, digested with thrombin and were analyzed by western blotting. The final recombinant proteins were successfully purified.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyung-Lyun Kang
- Department of Microbiology, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, 660-751, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Song YG, Shim SG, Kim KM, Lee DH, Kim DS, Choi SH, Song JY, Kang HL, Baik SC, Lee WK, Cho MJ, Rhee KH. Profiling of the bacteria responsible for pyogenic liver abscess by 16S rRNA gene pyrosequencing. J Microbiol 2014; 52:504-9. [PMID: 24871976 DOI: 10.1007/s12275-014-4241-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2014] [Revised: 05/08/2014] [Accepted: 05/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Pyogenic liver abscess (PLA) is a severe disease with considerable mortality and is often polymicrobial. Understanding the pathogens that cause PLA is the basis for PLA treatment. Here, we profiled the bacterial composition in PLA fluid by pyrosequencing the 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene based on next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology to identify etiological agents of PLA and to provide information of their 16S rRNA sequences for application to DNA-based techniques in the hospital. Twenty patients with PLA who underwent percutaneous catheter drainage, abscess culture, and blood culture for isolates were included. Genomic DNAs from abscess fluids were subjected to polymerase chain reaction and pyrosequencing of the 16S rRNA gene with a 454 GS Junior System. The abscess and blood cultures were positive in nine (45%) and four (20%) patients, respectively. Pyrosequencing of 16S rRNA gene showed that 90% of the PLA fluid samples contained single or multiple genera of known bacteria such as Klebsiella, Fusobacterium, Streptococcus, Bacteroides, Prevotella, Peptostreptococcus, unassigned Enterobacteriaceae, and Dialister. Klebsiella was predominantly found in the PLA fluid samples. All samples that carried unassigned bacteria had 26.8% reads on average. We demonstrated that the occurrence of PLA was associated with eight known bacterial genera as well as unassigned bacteria and that 16S rRNA gene sequencing was more useful than conventional culture methods for accurate identification of bacterial pathogens from PLA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yun Gyu Song
- Department of Radiology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Changwon, 630-522, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Park JS, Lee SJ, Kim TH, Yeom J, Park ES, Seo JH, Jun JS, Lim JY, Park CH, Woo HO, Youn HS, Ko GH, Kang HL, Baik SC, Lee WK, Cho MJ, Rhee KH. Gastric autoantigenic proteins in Helicobacter pylori infection. Yonsei Med J 2013; 54:1342-52. [PMID: 24142637 PMCID: PMC3809852 DOI: 10.3349/ymj.2013.54.6.1342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study tried to identify novel gastric autoimmune antigens that might be involved in aggravating the atrophic gastritis among patients with Helicobacter pylori infection using two-dimensional immunoblotting analysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Proteins from gastric mucosal antrectomy specimens and AGS cells (gastric adenocarcinoma cell lines derived from a Caucasian patient who had received no prior therapy) were 2-dimensionally immunoblotted separately with a pool of 300 sera from H. pylroi-infected patients at Gyeongsang National University Hospital. RESULTS Thirty-eight autoantigenic proteins including alcohol dehydrogenase [NADP+], alpha enolase, gastrokine-1, gastric triacylglycerol lipase, heat shock 70 kDa protein 1, and peroxiredoxin-2 were identified in the gastric mucosal tissue. Fourteen autoantigenic proteins including programmed cell death 6-interacting protein, serum albumin and T-complex protein 1 subunit gamma were identified in the AGS cells. Albumin, alpha-enolase, annexin A3, cytoplasmic actin 1, heat shock cognate 71 kDa protein and leukocyte elastase inhibitor were commonly observed autoantigenic proteins in both gastric mucosal tissue and AGS cells. Alpha-enolase, glutathione S-transferase P, heat shock cognate 71 kDa protein, heat shock 70 kDa protein 1, human mitochondrial adenosine triphosphate synthase (ATP) subunit beta, mitochondrial 60 kDa heat shock protein, peroxiredoxin-2, 78 kDa glucose-regulated protein precursor, tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 11 and Tryptophan-Aspartic acid (WD) repeat-containing protein 1 showed 60% or higher amino acid positivity. CONCLUSION These newly identified gastric autoimmune antigens might be useful in the control and prevention of gastroduodenal disorders, and might be valuable in breaking the vicious circle that exists in gastroduodenal disorders if their pathophysiological roles could be understood in the progress of chronic atrophic gastritis, gastroduodenal ulcers, intestinal metaplasia, and gastric carcinogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ji Sook Park
- Department of Pediatrics, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, 79 Gangnam-ro, Jinju 660-702, Korea.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Kim JM, Kim KM, Park EH, Seo JH, Song JY, Shin SC, Kang HL, Lee WK, Cho MJ, Rhee KH, Youn HS, Baik SC. Anthocyanins from black soybean inhibit Helicobacter pylori-induced inflammation in human gastric epithelial AGS cells. Microbiol Immunol 2013; 57:366-73. [PMID: 23668609 DOI: 10.1111/1348-0421.12049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2012] [Revised: 03/18/2013] [Accepted: 03/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Infection with Helicobacter pylori leads to gastritis, peptic ulcers and gastric cancer. Moreover, when the gastric mucosa is exposed to H. pylori, gastric mucosal inflammatory cytokine interleukin-8 (Il-8) and reactive oxygen species increase. Anthocyanins have anti-oxidative, antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties. However, the effect of anthocyanins in H. pylori-infected cells is not yet clear. In this study, therefore, the effect of anthocyanins on H. pylori-infected human gastric epithelial cells was examined. AGS cells were pretreated with anthocyanins for 24 hrs followed by H. pylori 26695 infection for up to 24 hrs. Cell viability and ROS production were examined by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide and 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein diacetate assay, respectively. Western blot analyses and RT-PCR were performed to assess gene and protein expression, respectively. IL-8 secretion in AGS cells was measured by ELISA. It was found that anthocyanins decrease H. pylori-induced ROS enhancement. Anthocyanins also inhibited phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases, translocation of nuclear factor-kappa B and Iκβα degradation. Furthermore anthocyanins inhibited H. pylori-induced inducible nitric oxide synthases and cyclooxygenase-2 mRNA expression and inhibited IL-8 production by 45.8%. Based on the above findings, anthocyanins might have an anti-inflammatory effect in H. pylori-infected gastric epithelial cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Min Kim
- Department of Microbiology, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Gyeongsang Institute of Health Science, Jinju 660-751, South Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Seo JH, Park JJ, Lim JY, Jun JS, Park CH, Woo HO, Youn HS, Kwon YC, Kang HL, Baik SC, Lee WK, Cho MJ, Rhee KH, Kim W. Changes in anti-group a rotavirus antibody seroprevalence and levels in the Western Gyeongnam province of Korea over 16 years. J Korean Med Sci 2013; 28:55-61. [PMID: 23341712 PMCID: PMC3546105 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2013.28.1.55] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2012] [Accepted: 10/24/2012] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
To observe how anti-group A rotavirus antibody seropositivity rates and levels have changed in the western region of Gyeongnam Province, 2,030 serum samples collected at four collection periods (1989-1990, 1994-1995, 1999-2000, and 2004-2005) were tested by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for IgG, and IgA antibodies reacting to recombinant VP6 protein. The seroprevalences exhibit no regular patterns over a 16-yr period. For all four collection periods, the anti-rVP6 IgG levels rose steadily during the first 5 months of life, after which they remained high. However, the 2-9 yr and 10-39 yr groups had significantly higher IgG levels in 1999-2000 and 2004-2005, respectively, than in the other collection periods. The 1-5 mo, 40- ≥ 60 yr, and 4-29 yr groups had significantly higher IgA levels in 1989-1990, 1999-2000, and 2004-2005, respectively. The 4 yr (25.0%), 5-9 yr (18.8%), 10-14 yr (41.1%), 20-29 yr (35.0%), and 30-39 yr (20.0%) groups in 2004-2005 had significant higher IgA seropositivity rate compared to the other three collection periods. These observations suggest that in the western region of Gyeongnam Province since the late 1990s, rotavirus reinfection has occurred more frequently than previously, with all ages being at risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Hyun Seo
- Department of Pediatrics, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Gyeongsang Institute of Health Science, Jinju, Korea
| | - Jung Je Park
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Gyeongsang Institute of Health Science, Jinju, Korea
| | - Jae-Young Lim
- Department of Pediatrics, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Gyeongsang Institute of Health Science, Jinju, Korea
| | - Jin-Su Jun
- Department of Pediatrics, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Gyeongsang Institute of Health Science, Jinju, Korea
| | - Chan-Hoo Park
- Department of Pediatrics, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Gyeongsang Institute of Health Science, Jinju, Korea
| | - Hyang-Ok Woo
- Department of Pediatrics, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Gyeongsang Institute of Health Science, Jinju, Korea
| | - Hee-Shang Youn
- Department of Pediatrics, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Gyeongsang Institute of Health Science, Jinju, Korea
| | - Young-Cheol Kwon
- Department of Microbiology, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Gyeongsang Institute of Health Science, Jinju, Korea
| | - Hyung-Lyun Kang
- Department of Microbiology, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Gyeongsang Institute of Health Science, Jinju, Korea
| | - Seung-Chul Baik
- Department of Microbiology, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Gyeongsang Institute of Health Science, Jinju, Korea
| | - Woo-Kon Lee
- Department of Microbiology, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Gyeongsang Institute of Health Science, Jinju, Korea
| | - Myung-Je Cho
- Department of Microbiology, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Gyeongsang Institute of Health Science, Jinju, Korea
| | - Kwang-Ho Rhee
- Department of Microbiology, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Gyeongsang Institute of Health Science, Jinju, Korea
| | - Wonyong Kim
- Department of Microbiology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Joo JS, Song JY, Baik SC, Lee WK, Cho MJ, Lee KH, Cho Y, Youn HS, Seo JH, Rhee KH, Kang HL. Genetic organization and conjugal plasmid DNA transfer of pHP69, a plasmid from a Korean isolate of Helicobacter pylori. J Microbiol 2012; 50:955-61. [PMID: 23274982 DOI: 10.1007/s12275-012-2580-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2012] [Accepted: 11/12/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
We isolated pHP69, a 9,153 bp plasmid from Helicobacter pylori with a 33.98% (G+C) content. We identified 11 open reading frames (ORFs), including replication initiation protein A (repA), fic (cAMP-induced filamentation protein), mccC, mccB, mobA, mobD, mobB, and mobC, as well as four 22 bp tandem repeat sequences. The nucleic acid and predicted amino acid sequences of these ORFs exhibited significant homology to those of other H. pylori plasmids. pHP69 repA encodes a replication initiation protein and its amino acid sequence is similar to those of replicase proteins from theta-type plasmids. pHP69 contains two types of repeat sequences (R1 and R2), a MOBHEN family mobilization region comprising mobC, mobA, mobB, and mobD, and genes encoding microcin B and C. Among the 36 H. pylori strains containing plasmids, mobA or mccBC are present in 12 or 6, respectively and 3 contain both genes. To examine intrinsic capability of H. pylori for conjugative plasmid transfer, a shuttle vector pBHP69KH containing pHP69 and replication origin of pBR322 was constructed. It was shown that this vector could stably replicate and be mobilized among clinical H. pylori strains and demonstrated to gene transfer by natural plasmid.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Soo Joo
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Genetics, National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive, and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Seo KH, Zhuang N, Chen C, Song JY, Kang HL, Rhee KH, Lee KH. Unusual NADPH conformation in the crystal structure of a cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase from Helicobacter pylori in complex with NADP(H) and substrate docking analysis. FEBS Lett 2012; 586:337-43. [PMID: 22269576 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2012.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2011] [Revised: 12/31/2011] [Accepted: 01/12/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase is a zinc- and NADPH-dependent dehydrogenase catalyzing the reversible conversion of p-hydroxycinnamaldehydes to their corresponding hydroxycinnamyl alcohols. A CAD homolog from Helicobacter pylori (HpCAD) possesses broad substrate specificities like the plant CADs and additionally a dismutation activity converting benzaldehyde to benzyl alcohol and benzoic acid. We have determined the crystal structure of HpCAD complexed with NADP(H) at 2.18Å resolution to get a better understanding of this class of CAD outside of plants. The structure of HpCAD is highly homologous to the sinapyl alcohol dehydrogenase and the plant CAD with well-conserved residues involved in catalysis and zinc binding. However, the NADP(H) binding mode of the HpCAD has been found to be significantly different from those of plant CADs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Hye Seo
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Program), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Song JY, Choi YJ, Kim JM, Kim YR, Jo JS, Park JS, Park HJ, Song YG, Lee KH, Kang HL, Baik SC, Youn HS, Cho MJ, Rhee KH, Lee WK. Purification and Characterization ofHelicobacter pyloriγ-Glutamyltranspeptidase. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.4167/jbv.2011.41.4.255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Young Song
- Department of Microbiology, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Korea
- Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
| | - Yeo-Jeong Choi
- Department of Microbiology, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Korea
- Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
| | - Jeong-Min Kim
- Department of Microbiology, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Korea
- Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
| | - Yoo-Ree Kim
- Department of Microbiology, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Korea
| | - Jin-Seong Jo
- Department of Microbiology, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Korea
| | - Jin-Sik Park
- Department of Microbiology, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Korea
| | - Hee-Jin Park
- Department of Microbiology, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Korea
| | - Yun-Gyu Song
- Department of Microbiology, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Korea
| | - Kon-Ho Lee
- Department of Microbiology, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Korea
- Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
| | - Hyung-Lyun Kang
- Department of Microbiology, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Korea
- Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
- Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
| | - Seung-Chul Baik
- Department of Microbiology, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Korea
- Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
- Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
| | - Hee-Shang Youn
- Department of Pediatrics, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Korea
- Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
| | - Myung-Je Cho
- Department of Microbiology, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Korea
- Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
- Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
| | - Kwang-Ho Rhee
- Department of Microbiology, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Korea
- Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
- Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
| | - Woo-Kon Lee
- Department of Microbiology, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Korea
- Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
- Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Joo JS, Park KC, Song JY, Kim DH, Lee KJ, Kwon YC, Kim JM, Kim KM, Youn HS, Kang HL, Baik SC, Lee WK, Cho MJ, Rhee KH. A thin-layer liquid culture technique for the growth of Helicobacter pylori. Helicobacter 2010; 15:295-302. [PMID: 20633190 DOI: 10.1111/j.1523-5378.2010.00767.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Several attempts have been successful in liquid cultivation of Helicobaccter pylori. However, there is a need to improve the growth of H. pylori in liquid media in order to get affluent growth and a simple approach for examining bacterial properties. We introduce here a thin-layer liquid culture technique for the growth of H. pylori. METHODS A thin-layer liquid culture system was established by adding liquid media to a 90-mm diameter Petri dish. Optimal conditions for bacterial growth were investigated and then viability, growth curve, and released proteins were examined. RESULTS Maximal growth of H. pylori was obtained by adding 3 mL of brucella broth supplemented with 10% horse to a Petri dish. H. pylori grew in both DMEM and RPMI-1640 supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum and 0.5% yeast extract. Serum-free RPMI-1640 supported the growth of H. pylori when supplemented with dimethyl-beta-cyclodextrin (200 microg/mL) and 1% yeast extract. Under optimal growth, H. pylori grew exponentially for 28 hours, reaching a density of 3.4 OD(600) with a generation time of 3.3 hours. After 24 hours, cultures at a cell density of 1.0 OD(600) contained 1.3 +/- 0.1 x 10(9 )CFU/mL. gamma-Glutamyl transpeptidase, nuclease, superoxide dismutase, and urease were not detected in culture supernatants at 24 hours in thin-layer liquid culture, but were present at 48 hours, whereas alcohol dehydrogenase, alkylhydroperoxide reductase, catalase, and vacuolating cytotoxin were detected at 24 hours. CONCLUSIONS Thin-layer liquid culture technique is feasible, and can serve as a versatile liquid culture technique for investigating bacterial properties of H. pylori.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Soo Joo
- Department of Microbiology, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Gyeong-Nam 660-751, Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Kim KM, Lee SG, Kim JM, Kim DS, Song JY, Kang HL, Lee WK, Cho MJ, Rhee KH, Youn HS, Baik SC. Helicobacter pylori gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase induces cell cycle arrest at the G1-S phase transition. J Microbiol 2010. [PMID: 20571956 DOI: 10.1007/s12275-10-9293-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
In our previous study, we showed that Helicobacter pylori gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase (GGT) is associated with H. pylori-induced apoptosis through a mitochondrial pathway. To better understand the role of GGT in apoptosis, we examined the effect of GGT on cell cycle regulation in AGS cells. To determine the effect of recombinant GGT (rGGT) on cell cycle distribution and apoptosis, rGGT-treated and untreated AGS cells were analyzed in parallel by flow cytometry using propidium iodide (PI). We found that rGGT inhibited the growth of AGS cells in a time-dependent manner, and that the pre-exposure of cells to a caspase-3 inhibitor (z-DEVD-fmk) effectively blocked GGT-induced apoptosis. Cell cycle analysis showed G1 phase arrest and apoptosis in AGS cells following rGGT treatment. The rGGT-mediated G1 phase arrest was found to be associated with down-regulation of cyclin E, cyclin A, Cdk 4, and Cdk 6, and the up-regulation of the cyclin-dependent kinase (Cdk) inhibitors p27 and p21. Our results suggest that H. pylori GGT induces cell cycle arrest at the G1-S phase transition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kyung-Mi Kim
- Department of Microbiology, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, 660-751, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Kim KM, Lee SG, Cho YA, Song YG, Song JY, Kang HL, Lee WK, Cho MJ, Rhee KH, Baik SC. Identification ofHelicobacter pyloriStrain 51 Major Outer Membrane Proteins by Quadrupole Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.4167/jbv.2010.40.3.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kyung-Mi Kim
- Department of Microbiology, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
| | - Seung-Gyu Lee
- National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon, Korea
| | - Young-A Cho
- Department of Microbiology, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
| | - Yun-Gyu Song
- Department of Microbiology, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
| | - Jea-Young Song
- Department of Microbiology, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
| | - Hyung-Lyun Kang
- Department of Microbiology, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
- Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang Nationa University, Jinju, Korea
| | - Woo-Kon Lee
- Department of Microbiology, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
- Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang Nationa University, Jinju, Korea
| | - Myung-Je Cho
- Department of Microbiology, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
- Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang Nationa University, Jinju, Korea
| | - Kwang-Ho Rhee
- Department of Microbiology, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
- Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang Nationa University, Jinju, Korea
| | - Seung-Chul Baik
- Department of Microbiology, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
- Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang Nationa University, Jinju, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Park JW, Lee SG, Song JY, Joo JS, Chung MJ, Kim SC, Youn HS, Kang HL, Baik SC, Lee WK, Cho MJ, Rhee KH. Proteomic analysis of Helicobacter pylori cellular proteins fractionated by ammonium sulfate precipitation. Electrophoresis 2008; 29:2891-903. [PMID: 18546177 DOI: 10.1002/elps.200800006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Among 1590 ORFs in the Helicobacter pylori genome, >250 have been identified as authentic genes by proteomic analysis. Low-abundance proteins need to be enriched to a minimal amount for MALDI-TOF analysis and salt precipitation has generally been used for protein enrichment. Here, a whole-cell extract of H. pylori strain 26695 was subjected to protein fractionation with stepwise concentrations of ammonium sulfate and the proteins were displayed by 2-DE. The protein spots were quantified using PDQUEST software and identified by peptide fingerprinting. The 2-DE profiles and intensities of individual protein spots differed among the protein fractions. Out of the 98 identified proteins, 61 were found in the stepwise ammonium sulfate fractions but not in the whole-cell extract. Out of these, 37 proteins, including KdsA, were found exclusively in a single fraction. In contrast, GroEL, UreA, UreB, TrxA, NapA, and FldA were ubiquitously present in all fractions. Iron-containing proteins such as NapA, SodB, CeuE, and Pfr were found predominantly in the 100% saturated ammonium sulfate precipitate. Additionally, 29 proteins were newly identified in this study. These data will facilitate the preparation of significant H. pylori proteins, as well as provide information about low-abundance proteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-Won Park
- Department of Microbiology, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Kim KM, Lee SG, Park MG, Song JY, Kang HL, Lee WK, Cho MJ, Rhee KH, Youn HS, Baik SC. γ-Glutamyltranspeptidase of Helicobacter pylori induces mitochondria-mediated apoptosis in AGS cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2007; 355:562-7. [PMID: 17307146 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2007.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2007] [Accepted: 02/05/2007] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase (GGT) is a novel protein involved in the induction of Helicobacter pylori-mediated apoptosis; however, the signal pathway involved in GGT-induced apoptosis remains unclear. Using DNA recombination techniques, ggt was cloned into pET117b and transformed into Escherichia coli. Recombinant GGT was purified using nickel-affinity resin and was digested by thrombin. Recombinant GGT induced apoptosis in AGS cells in a time-dependent manner, which was confirmed by TUNEL staining, the MTT assay and immunoblot analysis for caspases-9, -3, Bax, Bcl-2, Bcl-xL and cytochrome c release. Activation of caspase-3 and -9 following exposure to GGT increased in a time-dependent manner and upregulation of proapoptotic Bax and a downregulation of antiapoptotic Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL was detected. Apoptotic signals also trigger changes in mitochondria, which lead to a release of cytochrome c into the cytosolic space. The GGT-deficient mutant was not as able to induce apoptosis as the wild-type strain. These results indicate that GGT of H. pylori induces apoptosis via a mitochondria-mediated pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kyung-Mi Kim
- Department of Microbiology, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Chiram-dong 90, Jinju, Gyeongsangnam-do 660-751, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Park JW, Song JY, Lee SG, Jun JS, Park JU, Chung MJ, Ju JS, Nizamutdinov D, Chang MW, Youn HS, Kang HL, Baik SC, Lee WK, Cho MJ, Rhee KH. Quantitative analysis of representative proteome components and clustering of Helicobacter pylori clinical strains. Helicobacter 2006; 11:533-43. [PMID: 17083375 DOI: 10.1111/j.1523-5378.2006.00456.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several Helicobacter pylori proteins have been reported to be associated with severe symptoms of gastric disease. However, expression levels of most of these disease-associated proteins require further evaluation in order to clarify their relationships with gastric disease patterns. Representative proteome components of 71 clinical isolates of H. pylori were analyzed quantitatively to determine whether the protein expression levels were associated with gastric diseases and to cluster clinical isolates. METHODS After two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) of H. pylori isolates, spot intensities were analyzed using pdquest 2-D Gel Analysis Software. The intensities of 10 representative protein spots, identified by peptide fingerprinting using matrix assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) or peptide sequencing using quadrupole TOF MS, were subjected to the nonparametric Mann-Whitney test and hierarchical agglomerative cluster analysis. The relationship between clusters and gastric diseases was analyzed by the chi-squared test. RESULTS Although the spot intensities of the 10 representative proteins were highly variable within each gastric disease group, the expression levels of CagA, UreB, GroEL, EF-Tu, EF-P, TagD, and FldA showed some significant differences among the gastric disease patterns. On the basis of the 10 target protein intensities, hierarchical agglomerative cluster analysis generated a dendrogram with clusters indicative of chronic gastritis/gastric cancers and gastric/duodenal ulcers. CONCLUSION These results indicated that quantitative analysis of proteome components is a feasible method for examining disease-associated proteins and clustering clinical strains of H. pylori.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-Won Park
- Department of Microbiology, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Jinju, Gyeong-Nam, Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Park CH, Cho YK, Park JH, Jun JS, Park ES, Seo JH, Lim JY, Woo HO, Youn HS, Ko GH, Kang HL, Baik SC, Lee WK, Cho MJ, Rhee KH. Changes in the Age-Specific Prevalence of Hepatitis A Virus Antibodies: A 10-Year Cohort Study in Jinju, South Korea. Clin Infect Dis 2006; 42:1148-50. [PMID: 16575734 DOI: 10.1086/501016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2005] [Accepted: 12/16/2005] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The changing patterns in seroprevalence rates of hepatitis A virus antibodies among children and adolescents from 1988 to 1997 reflect the cohort effects that occurred over 10 years in South Korea. Our results suggest that the majority of adolescents and young adults are at risk of symptomatic hepatitis A virus infection and morbidity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chan-Hoo Park
- Department of Pediatrics, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Gyeongsang Institute of Health Sciences, Jinju, South Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Park JU, Song JY, Kwon YC, Chung MJ, Jun JS, Park JW, Park SG, Hwang HR, Choi SH, Baik SC, Kang HL, Youn HS, Lee WK, Cho MJ, Rhee KH. Effect of the urease accessory genes on activation of the Helicobacter pylori urease apoprotein. Mol Cells 2005; 20:371-7. [PMID: 16404152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The roles that accessory gene products play in activating the Helicobacter pylori urease apoprotein were examined. The activity of the urease apoprotein increased in the following order when it was expressed with the accessory genes: ureG
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-Uck Park
- Department of Microbiology, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Jinju 660-701, Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Baik SC, Kim KM, Song SM, Kim DS, Jun JS, Lee SG, Song JY, Park JU, Kang HL, Lee WK, Cho MJ, Youn HS, Ko GH, Rhee KH. Proteomic analysis of the sarcosine-insoluble outer membrane fraction of Helicobacter pylori strain 26695. J Bacteriol 2004; 186:949-55. [PMID: 14761989 PMCID: PMC344222 DOI: 10.1128/jb.186.4.949-955.2004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori causes gastroduodenal disease, which is mediated in part by its outer membrane proteins (OMPs). To identify OMPs of H. pylori strain 26695, we performed a proteomic analysis. A sarcosine-insoluble outer membrane fraction was resolved by two-dimensional electrophoresis with immobilized pH gradient strips. Most of the protein spots, with molecular masses of 10 to 100 kDa, were visible on the gel in the alkaline pI regions (6.0 to 10.0). The proteome of the OMPs was analyzed by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Of the 80 protein spots processed, 62 spots were identified; they represented 35 genes, including 16 kinds of OMP. Moreover, we identified 9 immunoreactive proteins by immunoblot analysis. This study contributes to the characterization of the H. pylori strain 26695 proteome and may help to further elucidate the biological function of H. pylori OMPs and the pathogenesis of H. pylori infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Chul Baik
- Department of Microbiology, Gyeongsang Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Jinju, Gyeongsangnam-do 660-751, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Song JY, Park SG, Kang HL, Lee WK, Cho MJ, Park JU, Baik SC, Youn HS, Ko GH, Rhee KH. pHP489, a Helicobacter pylori small cryptic plasmid, harbors a novel gene coding for a replication initiation protein. Plasmid 2004; 50:236-41. [PMID: 14597012 DOI: 10.1016/s0147-619x(03)00061-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
We have analyzed a Helicobacter pylori plasmid, pHP489. The 1222-bp nucleotide sequence had one open reading frame, a DnaA-binding site, one direct repeat, and three inverted repeats. The (G+C) content of pHP489 was 33.3%. Although the nucleic acid sequence and deduced amino acid sequence were homologous to those of other bacterial plasmid Rep proteins, the degree of similarity was very low. A deletion analysis showed that the Rep protein was not required for the replication of pHP489 in its H. pylori host, but the host replication machinery was needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Young Song
- Department of Microbiology, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, 90 Chiram-dong, Jinju, Gyeongsangnam-do 660-751, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Song JY, Choi SH, Byun EY, Lee SG, Park YH, Park SG, Lee SK, Kim KM, Park JU, Kang HL, Baik SC, Lee WK, Cho MJ, Youn HS, Ko GH, Bae DW, Rhee KH. Characterization of a small cryptic plasmid, pHP51, from a Korean isolate of strain 51 of Helicobacter pylori. Plasmid 2003; 50:145-51. [PMID: 12932740 DOI: 10.1016/s0147-619x(03)00059-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The nucleotide sequence of a 3955-bp Helicobacter pylori plasmid, pHP51 was determined, and two open reading frames, ORF1 and ORF2, were identified. The deduced amino acid sequence of ORF1 was highly conserved (87-89%) among plasmid replication initiation proteins, RepBs. The function of ORF2 was not assigned because it lacked known functional domains or sequence similarity with other known proteins, although it had a HPFXXGNG motif that was also found in the cAMP-induced filamentation (fic) gene. Three kinds of repeats were present on the plasmid outside of the ORFs, including the R1 and R2 repeats that are common in H. pylori plasmids. One 100-bp sequence detected in the noncoding region of pHP51 was highly similar to the genomic sequence of H. pylori 26695.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Young Song
- Department of Microbiology, Gyeongsang Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, 90 Chiram-dong, Jinju, Gyeongsangnam-do 660-751, South Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Abstract
We report that feeding Drosophila throughout adulthood with 4-phenylbutyrate (PBA) can significantly increase lifespan, without diminution of locomotor vigor, resistance to stress, or reproductive ability. Treatment for a limited period, either early or late in adult life, is also effective. Flies fed PBA show a global increase in histone acetylation as well as a dramatically altered pattern of gene expression, including induction or repression of numerous genes. The delay in aging may result from the altered physiological state.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyung-Lyun Kang
- Neurogenetics Branch, MSC1250, 10/3B12, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Kang SK, Chou RH, Dodge RK, Clough RW, Kang HL, Bowen MG, Steffey BA, Das SK, Zhou SM, Whitehurst AW, Buckley NJ, Kim JH, Joyner RE, Sarmina I, Montana GS, Ingram SS, Anscher MS. Acute urinary toxicity following transperineal prostate brachytherapy using a modified Quimby loading method. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2001; 50:937-45. [PMID: 11429221 DOI: 10.1016/s0360-3016(01)01530-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To examine the acute urinary toxicity following transperineal prostate implant using a modified Quimby loading method with regard to time course, severity, and factors that may be associated with a higher incidence of morbidity. METHODS AND MATERIALS One hundred thirty-nine patients with prostate adenocarcinoma treated with brachytherapy from 1997 through 1999 had follow-up records available for review. Patients considered for definitive brachytherapy alone included those with prostate specific antigen (PSA) < or = 6, Gleason score (GS) < or = 6, clinical stage < T2b, and prostate volumes generally less than 40 cc. Patients with larger prostate volumes were given neoadjuvant antiandrogen therapy. Those with GS > 6, PSA > 6, or Stage > T2a were treated with external beam radiation therapy followed by brachytherapy boost. Sources were loaded according to a modified Quimby method. At each follow-up, toxicity was graded based on a modified RTOG urinary toxicity scale. RESULTS Acute urinary toxicity occurred in 88%. Grade I toxicity was reported in 23%, grade II in 45%, and grade III in 20%, with 14% requiring prolonged (greater than 1 week) intermittent or indwelling catheterization. Overall median duration of symptoms was 12 months. There was no difference in duration of symptoms between patients treated with I-125 or Pd-103 sources (p = 0.71). After adjusting for GS and PSA, multivariate logistic regression analysis showed higher incidence of grade 3 toxicity in patients with larger prostate volumes (p = 0.002), and those with more seeds implanted (p < 0.001). Higher incidence of prolonged catheterization was found in patients receiving brachytherapy alone (p = 0.01), with larger prostate volumes (p = 0.01), and those with more seeds implanted (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Interstitial brachytherapy for prostate cancer leads to a high incidence of acute urinary toxicity, most of which is mild to moderate in severity. A prolonged need for catheterization can occur in some patients. Patients receiving brachytherapy alone, those with prostate volumes greater than 30 cc, and those implanted with a greater number of seeds have the highest incidence of significant toxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S K Kang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Yim DS, Parkb SK, Yoo KY, Yoon KS, Chung HH, Kang HL, Ahn SH, Noh DY, Choe KJ, Jang IJ, Shin SG, Strickland PT, Hirvonen A, Kang D. Relationship between the Val158Met polymorphism of catechol O-methyl transferase and breast cancer. Pharmacogenetics 2001; 11:279-86. [PMID: 11434504 DOI: 10.1097/00008571-200106000-00001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
A case-control study was performed to assess the potential influence of catechol O-methyl transferase (COMT) genotype on the risk of breast cancer in Korean women. One hundred and sixty-three histologically confirmed incident breast cancer cases and 163 age- and menopausal status-matched control individuals with no present or previous history of cancer were selected as study subjects. COMT genetic polymorphism was determined by gel electrophoresis after NlaIII enzyme digestion of amplified DNA. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were estimated by unconditional logistic regression after adjustment for known or suspected risk factors of breast cancer. Women with at least one COMT lower enzyme activity associated allele (COMT-L) were at elevated risk for breast cancer (OR = 1.7, 95% CI = 1.04-2.78) compared with those homozygous for high enzyme activity associated COMT-H alleles. Among women with low (> or = 23.1) body mass index the COMT-L allele containing genotypes posed a marginally significant increased risk of breast cancer compared to the COMT-HH genotype (OR = 1.8, 95% CI = 0.95-3.48). Women with at least one COMT-L allele who had experienced a full-term pregnancy when aged over 30 years or were nulliparous had 2.7-fold increased risk; however, this increase did not reach statistical significance (OR = 2.7, 95% CI = 0.64-11.35). Furthermore, never-drinking and never-smoking women with at least one COMT-L allele were at increased risk of breast cancer compared to those with COMT-HH genotype with ORs of 2.0 (95% CI = 1.23-3.38) and 1.7 (95% CI = 1.04-2.62), respectively. These results are consistent with studies showing that COMT genotype of lower enzyme activity might be related to increase in risk of breast cancer, and extend this finding to Korean women.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D S Yim
- Department of Pharmacology, Gachon Medical School, Inchon, Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Cai L, Struk B, Adams MD, Ji W, Haaf T, Kang HL, Dho SH, Xu X, Ringpfeil F, Nancarrow J, Zäch S, Schaen L, Stumm M, Niu T, Chung J, Lunze K, Verrecchia B, Goldsmith LA, Viljoen D, Figuera LE, Fuchs W, Lebwohl M, Uitto J, Richards R, Hohl D, Ramesar R. A 500-kb region on chromosome 16p13.1 contains the pseudoxanthoma elasticum locus: high-resolution mapping and genomic structure. J Mol Med (Berl) 2000; 78:36-46. [PMID: 10759028 DOI: 10.1007/s001090000079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
We have recently mapped the genetic defect underlying pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE), an inherited disorder characterized by progressive calcification of elastic fibers in skin, eye, and cardiovascular system, to chromosome 16p 13.1. Here we report further data on the fine-mapping and genomic structure of this locus. Haplotype analysis of informative PXE families narrowed the locus to an interval of less than 500 kb located between markers D16B9621 and D16S764. Three overlapping YAC clones were found to cover this region through YAC-STS content mapping. An overlapping BAC contig was then constructed to cover this interval and the surrounding region. About 80% of this chromosomal region has been fully sequenced using the BAC shotgun technique. Gene content and sequence analysis predicted four genes (MRP1, MRP6, PM5, and a novel transcript) and two pseudogenes (ARA and PKDI) within this interval. By screening a somatic cell hybrid panel we were able to precision-map the breakpoint of Cy185 and the starting point of a chromosomal duplication within 20 kb of BAC A962B4. The present data further refine the localization of PXE, provide additional physical cloning resources, and will aid in the eventual identification of the genetic defect causing PXE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Cai
- Department of Cardiology, Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Loftus BJ, Kim UJ, Sneddon VP, Kalush F, Brandon R, Fuhrmann J, Mason T, Crosby ML, Barnstead M, Cronin L, Deslattes Mays A, Cao Y, Xu RX, Kang HL, Mitchell S, Eichler EE, Harris PC, Venter JC, Adams MD. Genome duplications and other features in 12 Mb of DNA sequence from human chromosome 16p and 16q. Genomics 1999; 60:295-308. [PMID: 10493829 DOI: 10.1006/geno.1999.5927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Several publicly funded large-scale sequencing efforts have been initiated with the goal of completing the first reference human genome sequence by the year 2005. Here we present the results of analysis of 11.8 Mb of genomic sequence from chromosome 16. The apparent gene density varies throughout the region, but the number of genes predicted (84) suggests that this is a gene-poor region. This result may also suggest that the total number of human genes is likely to be at the lower end of published estimates. One of the most interesting aspects of this region of the genome is the presence of highly homologous, recently duplicated tracts of sequence distributed throughout the p-arm. Such duplications have implications for mapping and gene analysis as well as the predisposition to recurrent chromosomal structural rearrangements associated with genetic disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B J Loftus
- The Institute for Genomic Research, 9712 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, Maryland 20850, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Cao Y, Kang HL, Xu X, Wang M, Dho SH, Huh JR, Lee BJ, Kalush F, Bocskai D, Ding Y, Tesmer JG, Lee J, Moon E, Jurecic V, Baldini A, Weier HU, Doggett NA, Simon MI, Adams MD, Kim UJ. A 12-Mb complete coverage BAC contig map in human chromosome 16p13.1-p11.2. Genome Res 1999; 9:763-74. [PMID: 10447511 PMCID: PMC310798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/1999] [Accepted: 05/28/1999] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
We have constructed a complete coverage BAC contig map that spans a 12-Mb genomic segment in the human chromosome 16p13.1-p11.2 region. The map consists of 68 previously mapped STSs and 289 BAC clones, 51 of which-corresponding to a total of 7.721 Mb of genomic DNA-have been sequenced, and provides a high resolution physical map of the region. Contigs were initially built based mainly on the analysis of STS contents and restriction fingerprint patterns of the clones. To close the gaps, probes derived from BAC clone ends were used to screen deeper BAC libraries. Clone end sequence data obtained from chromosome 16-specific BACs, as well as from public databases, were used for the identification of BACs that overlap with fully sequenced BACs by means of sequence match. This approach allowed precise alignment of clone overlaps in addition to restriction fingerprint comparison. A freehand contig drawing software tool was developed and used to manage the map data graphically and generate a real scale physical map. The map we present here is approximately 3.5 x deep and provides a minimal tiling path that covers the region in an array of contigous, overlapping BACs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Cao
- Division of Biology, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Abstract
A physical map of the Zymomonas mobilis ZM4 genome has been constructed from the results of reciprocal Southern hybridization with PmeI, PacI, and NotI-digested genomic DNA fragments and linking cosmid clones. Restriction enzyme-digested Z. mobilis ZM4 genome was electrophoresed with phage lambda DNA concatemers as a size standard in a Bio-Rad CHEF-DRII pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) system. The restriction enzyme PmeI generated 15 fragments (3-625 kb), and PacI produced 19 fragments (7-525 kb). Each size of restriction fragment was calculated by comparison to the size of phage lambda DNA concatemers, and the genome size of Z. mobilis ZM4 was estimated to be 2085.5 kb. The 19 known genes and three rrn operons were localized on the map.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H L Kang
- Laboratory of Genetics, Virology, Department of Microbiology, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, San 56-1, Shilim-Dong, Kwanak-Gu, Seoul, 151-742, Korea
| | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Kim UJ, Shizuya H, Kang HL, Choi SS, Garrett CL, Smink LJ, Birren BW, Korenberg JR, Dunham I, Simon MI. A bacterial artificial chromosome-based framework contig map of human chromosome 22q. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1996; 93:6297-301. [PMID: 8692809 PMCID: PMC39016 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.93.13.6297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
We have constructed a physical map of human chromosome 22q using bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) clones. The map consists of 613 chromosome 22-specific BAC clones that have been localized and assembled into contigs using 452 landmarks, 346 of which were previously ordered and mapped to specific regions of the q arm of the chromosome by means of chromosome 22-specific yeast artificial chromosome clones. The BAC-based map provides immediate access to clones that are stable and convenient for direct genome analysis. The approach to rapidly developing marker-specific BAC contigs is relatively straightforward and can be extended to generate scaffold BAC contig maps of the rest of the chromosomes. These contigs will provide substrates for sequencing the entire human genome. We discuss how to efficiently close contig gaps using the end sequences of BAC clone inserts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- U J Kim
- Division of Biology, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, 91125, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Kim UJ, Birren BW, Slepak T, Mancino V, Boysen C, Kang HL, Simon MI, Shizuya H. Construction and characterization of a human bacterial artificial chromosome library. Genomics 1996; 34:213-8. [PMID: 8661051 DOI: 10.1006/geno.1996.0268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 283] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
We have constructed an arrayed human genomic BAC library with approximately 4x coverage that is represented by 96,000 BAC clones with average insert size of nearly 140 kb. A new BAC vector that allows color-based positive screening to identify transformants with inserts has increased BAC cloning efficiency. The library was gridded onto hybridization filters at high density for efficient identification of BAC clones by colony hybridization. The library was also formulated into characteristic DNA pools to allow for PCR screening of the library for STS content. We have characterized the library mainly by screening with more than 300 different landmarks that include cDNA, STSs, and cosmid clones. We describe methods for using BAC clones and discuss the implications for genome characterization, mapping, and sequencing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- U J Kim
- Division of Biology, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, 91125, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|