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Leroy AG, Lavigne-Quilichini V, Le Turnier P, Loufti B, Le Breton E, Piau C, Kempf M, Pantel A, Amara M, Neuwirth C, Sanchez R, Guinard J, Huon JF, Grégoire M, Corvec S. Accuracy of gradient diffusion method for susceptibility testing of dalbavancin and comparators. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther 2021; 20:457-461. [PMID: 34469266 DOI: 10.1080/14787210.2021.1976143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This multicenter study aimed to assess the performances of gradient diffusion (GD) method in comparison to broth microdilution (BMD) method for susceptibility testing of dalbavancin, daptomycin, vancomycin, and teicoplanin. METHODS Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations (MICs) were retrospectively determined concomitantly by BMD and GD methods, for 93 staphylococci and enterococci isolated from clinical samples. BMD was considered as the gold standard. Essential (EA) and categorical agreements (CA) were calculated. Discordant categorical results were categorized as major (ME) and very major errors (VME). RESULTS EA and CA were 95.7% and 96.8%, 82.8% and 100%, 97.8% and 96.8%, and 94.6% and 95.7% for dalbavancin, daptomycin, vancomycin, and teicoplanin respectively. Concerning dalbavancin, 3 ME without any VME were observed and discrepancies were low (≤ to 2 two-fold dilutions) between both methods. VME were noted in 1 and 3 cases for vancomycin and teicoplanin, respectively, and resulted from 1 two-fold dilution discrepancy in each case. EA was lower for daptomycin. When they were discrepant, BMD MICs were systematically higher than GD ones. Nevertheless, no categorical discrepancy was noted. CONCLUSIONS GD appears as an acceptable and convenient alternative for dalbavancin, vancomycin, and teicoplanin MICs determination. Our study also emphasizes how achieving accurate daptomycin MICs remains challenging.
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Affiliation(s)
- A G Leroy
- Department of Microbiology, University Hospital of Nantes, Nantes, France
| | | | - P Le Turnier
- Department of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital of Nantes, and CIC 1413, INSERM, Nantes, France
| | - B Loufti
- Department of Microbiology, Centre Hospitalier Layné, Mont de Marsan, France
| | - E Le Breton
- Department of Microbiology, Centre Hospitalier de Cornouaille, Quimper, France
| | - C Piau
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Rennes University Hospital, Rennes, France
| | - M Kempf
- Department of Microbiology, Angers University Hospital, Angers, France
| | - A Pantel
- Department of Microbiology, Nîmes University Hospital, Nîmes, France
| | - M Amara
- Department of Microbiology, Centre Hospitalier de Versailles, Le Chesnay, France
| | - C Neuwirth
- Department of Microbiology, University Hospital of Dijon, Dijon, France
| | - R Sanchez
- Department of Microbiology, Centre Hospitalier de Périgueux, Périgueux, France
| | - J Guinard
- Department of Microbiology, CHR Orléans, Orléans, France
| | - J F Huon
- Clinical Pharmacy Unit, Nantes University Hospital, Nantes, France
| | - M Grégoire
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, Nantes University Hospital, Nantes, France.,UMR INSERM 1235, The Enteric Nervous System in Gut and Brain Disorders, University of Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - S Corvec
- Department of Microbiology, University Hospital of Nantes, Nantes, France.,CRCINA, INSERM U1232, University Hospital of Nantes, Nantes, France
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Parienti JJ, Prazuck T, Peyro-Saint-Paul L, Fournier A, Valentin C, Brucato S, Verdon R, Sève A, Colin M, Lesne F, Guinard J, Ar Gouilh M, Dina J, Vabret A, Hocqueloux L. Effect of Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate and Emtricitabine on nasopharyngeal SARS-CoV-2 viral load burden amongst outpatients with COVID-19: A pilot, randomized, open-label phase 2 trial. EClinicalMedicine 2021; 38:100993. [PMID: 34222849 PMCID: PMC8235994 DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2021.100993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tenofovir and emtricitabine interfere with the SARS CoV-2 ribonucleic acid (RNA)-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp). Several cohorts reported that people treated by tenofovir disoproxil fumarate and emtricitabine are less likely to develop SARS CoV-2 infection and related severe COVID-19. METHODS We conducted a pilot randomized, open-label, controlled, phase 2 trial at two hospitals in France. Eligible patients were consecutive outpatients (aged ≥18 years) with RT-PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection and an interval from symptom onset to enrolment of 7 days or less. Patients were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive oral tenofovir disoproxil fumarate and emtricitabine (2 pills on day 1 followed by 1 pill per day on days 2-7) or the standard of care. The primary and secondary endpoints were SARS-CoV-2 viral clearance from baseline assessed by cycle threshold (Ct) RT-PCR on nasopharyngeal swab collected at day 4 and day 7, respectively. A higher Ct corresponds to a lower SARS CoV-2 viral burden. Other endpoints were the time to recovery and the number of adverse events. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04685512. FINDINGS From November, 20th 2020 to March, 19th 2021, 60 patients were enrolled and randomly assigned to a treatment group (30 to tenofovir disoproxil fumarate and emtricitabine and 30 to standard of care). The median number of days from symptom onset to inclusion was 4 days (IQR 3-5) in both groups. Amongst patients who received tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, the difference from standard of care in the increase in Ct RT-PCR from baseline was 2.3 (95% confidence interval [-0.6 to 5.2], p = 0.13) at day 4 and 2.9 (95% CI [0.1 to 5.2], p = 0.044) at day 7. At day 7, 6/30 in the tenofovir disoproxil fumarate and emtricitabine group and 3/30 in the standard of care group reported no COVID-related symptoms. Adverse events included 11 cases of gastrointestinal side effects (grade ≤ 2), three of which leaded to drug discontinuation. Three patients had COVID-19 related hospitalisation, no participant died. INTERPRETATION In this pilot study of outpatients adult with recent non-severe COVID-19, tenofovir disoproxil fumarate plus emtricitabine appeared to accelerate the natural clearance of nasopharyngeal SARS-CoV-2 viral burden. These findings support the conduct of larger trials of tenofovir-based therapies for the prevention and early treatment of COVID-19. FUNDING No external funding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Jacques Parienti
- Department of Clinical Research and Innovation, Caen University Hospital, Caen, France
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Caen University Hospital, Caen, France
- EA 2656 – Groupe de recherche sur l'adaptation microbienne 2.0, UNICAEN-Université de Caen Normandie, Caen, France
- Corresponding author.
| | - Thierry Prazuck
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Orléans Regional Hospital, Orléans, France
| | | | - Anna Fournier
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Caen University Hospital, Caen, France
- EA 2656 – Groupe de recherche sur l'adaptation microbienne 2.0, UNICAEN-Université de Caen Normandie, Caen, France
| | - Cécile Valentin
- Department of Clinical Research and Innovation, Caen University Hospital, Caen, France
| | - Sylvie Brucato
- Department of Clinical Research and Innovation, Caen University Hospital, Caen, France
| | - Renaud Verdon
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Caen University Hospital, Caen, France
- EA 2656 – Groupe de recherche sur l'adaptation microbienne 2.0, UNICAEN-Université de Caen Normandie, Caen, France
| | - Aymeric Sève
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Orléans Regional Hospital, Orléans, France
| | - Mathilda Colin
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Orléans Regional Hospital, Orléans, France
| | - Fabien Lesne
- Department of Virology, Orléans Regional Hospital, Orléans, France
| | - Jérome Guinard
- Department of Virology, Orléans Regional Hospital, Orléans, France
| | - Meriadeg Ar Gouilh
- EA 2656 – Groupe de recherche sur l'adaptation microbienne 2.0, UNICAEN-Université de Caen Normandie, Caen, France
- Department of Virology, Caen University Hospital, Caen, France
| | - Julia Dina
- EA 2656 – Groupe de recherche sur l'adaptation microbienne 2.0, UNICAEN-Université de Caen Normandie, Caen, France
- Department of Virology, Caen University Hospital, Caen, France
| | - Astrid Vabret
- EA 2656 – Groupe de recherche sur l'adaptation microbienne 2.0, UNICAEN-Université de Caen Normandie, Caen, France
- Department of Virology, Caen University Hospital, Caen, France
| | - Laurent Hocqueloux
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Orléans Regional Hospital, Orléans, France
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Courtellemont L, Guinard J, Guillaume C, Giaché S, Rzepecki V, Seve A, Gubavu C, Baud K, Le Helloco C, Cassuto GN, Pialoux G, Hocqueloux L, Prazuck T. High performance of a novel antigen detection test on nasopharyngeal specimens for diagnosing SARS-CoV-2 infection. J Med Virol 2021; 93:3152-3157. [PMID: 33615487 PMCID: PMC8014580 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.26896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic has become a major public health issue worldwide. Developing and evaluating rapid and easy-to-perform diagnostic tests is a high priority. The current study was designed to assess the diagnostic performance of an antigen-based rapid detection test (COVID-VIRO®) in a real-life setting. Two nasopharyngeal specimens of symptomatic or asymptomatic adult patients hospitalized in the Infectious Diseases Department or voluntarily accessing the COVID-19 Screening Department of the Regional Hospital of Orléans, France, were concurrently collected. The diagnostic specificity and sensitivity of COVID VIRO® results were compared to those of real-time reverse-transcriptase quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) results. A subset of patients underwent an additional oropharyngeal and/or saliva swab for rapid testing. A total of 121 patients confirmed to be infected and 127 patients having no evidence of recent or ongoing infection were enrolled for a total of 248 nasopharyngeal swab specimens. Overall, the COVID-VIRO® sensitivity was 96.7% (CI, 93.5%-99.9%). In asymptomatic patients, symptomatic patients having symptoms for more than 4 days and those with an RT-qPCR cycle threshold value ≥ 32, the sensitivities were 100%, 95.8%, and 91.9%, respectively. The concordance between RT-qPCR and COVID VIRO® rapid test results was 100% for the 127 patients with no SARS-CoV-2 infection. The COVID-VIRO® test had 100% specificity and sensitivity greater than 95%, which are better than the recommendations set forth by the WHO (specificity ≥ 97%-100%, sensitivity ≥ 80%). These rapid tests may be particularly useful for large-scale screening in emergency departments, low-resource settings, and airports.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - J Guinard
- Department of Virology, CHR Orléans, Orléans, France
| | - C Guillaume
- Department of Virology, CHR Orléans, Orléans, France
| | - S Giaché
- Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, CHR Orleans, Orléans, France
| | - V Rzepecki
- Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, CHR Orleans, Orléans, France
| | - A Seve
- Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, CHR Orleans, Orléans, France
| | - C Gubavu
- Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, CHR Orleans, Orléans, France
| | - K Baud
- Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, CHR Orleans, Orléans, France
| | - C Le Helloco
- Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, CHR Orleans, Orléans, France
| | | | - G Pialoux
- Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, CHU Tenon, Sorbonne University, Paris, France
| | - L Hocqueloux
- Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, CHR Orleans, Orléans, France
| | - T Prazuck
- Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, CHR Orleans, Orléans, France
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Lambert-Niclot S, Grude M, Chaix ML, Charpentier C, Reigadas S, Le Guillou-Guillemette H, Rodallec A, Amiel C, Maillard A, Dufayard J, Mourez T, Mirand A, Guinard J, Montes B, Vallet S, Marcelin AG, Descamps D, Flandre P, Delaugerre C, Morand-Joubert L. Emerging resistance mutations in PI-naive patients failing an atazanavir-based regimen (ANRS multicentre observational study). J Antimicrob Chemother 2019; 73:2147-2151. [PMID: 29718247 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dky142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Atazanavir is a PI widely used as a third agent in combination ART. We aimed to determine the prevalence and the patterns of resistance in PI-naive patients failing on an atazanavir-based regimen. Methods We analysed patients failing on an atazanavir-containing regimen used as a first line of PI therapy. We compared the sequences of reverse transcriptase and protease before the introduction of atazanavir and at failure [two consecutive viral loads (VLs) >50 copies/mL]. Resistance was defined according to the 2014 Agence Nationale de Recherche sur le SIDA et les Hépatites Virales (ANRS) algorithm. Results Among the 113 patients, atazanavir was used in the first regimen in 71 (62.8%) patients and in the first line of a PI-based regimen in 42 (37.2%). Atazanavir was boosted with ritonavir in 95 (84.1%) patients and combined with tenofovir/emtricitabine or lamivudine (n = 81) and abacavir/lamivudine or emtricitabine (n = 22). At failure, median VL was 3.05 log10 copies/mL and the median CD4+ T cell count was 436 cells/mm3. The median time on atazanavir was 21.2 months. At failure, viruses were considered resistant to atazanavir in four patients (3.5%) with the selection of the following major atazanavir-associated mutations: I50L (n = 1), I84V (n = 2) and N88S (n = 1). Other emergent PI mutations were L10V, G16E, K20I/R, L33F, M36I/L, M46I/L, G48V, F53L, I54L, D60E, I62V, A71T/V, V82I/T, L90M and I93L/M. Emergent NRTI substitutions were detected in 21 patients: M41L (n = 2), D67N (n = 3), K70R (n = 1), L74I/V (n = 3), M184V/I (n = 16), L210W (n = 1), T215Y/F (n = 3) and K219Q/E (n = 2). Conclusions Resistance to atazanavir is rare in patients failing the first line of an atazanavir-based regimen according to the ANRS. Emergent NRTI resistance-associated mutations were reported in 18% of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Lambert-Niclot
- Sorbonne University, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'épidémiologie et de Santé Publique (IPLESP UMRS 1136), Service de Virologie, APHP, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, INSERM UPMC UMR_S, Paris, France
| | - M Grude
- INSERM UPMC UMR_S, Paris, France
| | - M L Chaix
- Hôpital Saint-Louis, Université Paris Diderot, INSERM, Paris, France
| | - C Charpentier
- IAME, UMR 1137, INSERM, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, AP-HP, Laboratoire de Virologie, Hôpital Bichat, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - S Reigadas
- Hôpital Pellegrin, Centre de ressources biologiques plurithématique, CHU de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | | | | | - C Amiel
- Hôpital Tenon, UPMC, CR7, Paris, France
| | | | | | - T Mourez
- CHU Charles Nicolle, Rouen, France
| | - A Mirand
- CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - J Guinard
- Hôpital La Source-CHR Orléans, Orléans, France
| | - B Montes
- Hôpital Saint-Eloi, Montpellier, France
| | - S Vallet
- CHRU La Cavale Blanche, Brest, France
| | - A G Marcelin
- Sorbonne University, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'épidémiologie et de Santé Publique (IPLESP UMRS 1136), Service de Virologie, APHP Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - D Descamps
- IAME, UMR 1137, INSERM, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, AP-HP, Laboratoire de Virologie, Hôpital Bichat, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | | | - C Delaugerre
- Hôpital Saint-Louis, Université Paris Diderot, INSERM, Paris, France
| | - L Morand-Joubert
- Sorbonne University, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'épidémiologie et de Santé Publique (IPLESP UMRS 1136), Service de Virologie, APHP, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, INSERM UPMC UMR_S, Paris, France
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Courtellemont L, Guinard J, Bret L, Guillaume C, Hocqueloux L, Prazuck T. Le troisième tubage gastrique/expectoration pour le diagnostic de tuberculose pulmonaire est-il réellement nécessaire ? Med Mal Infect 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.medmal.2019.04.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Kaplon J, Grangier N, Pillet S, Minoui-Tran A, Vabret A, Wilhelm N, Prieur N, Lazrek M, Alain S, Mekki Y, Foulongne V, Guinard J, Avettand-Fenoel V, Schnuriger A, Beby-Defaux A, Lagathu G, Pothier P, de Rougemont A. Predominance of G9P[8] rotavirus strains throughout France, 2014–2017. Clin Microbiol Infect 2018; 24:660.e1-660.e4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2017.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Revised: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Courtellemont L, Boutrot M, Kourta M, Guinard J, Bret L, Guillaume C, Guigon A. Diversité des isolements bactériologiques de Pasteurella hors contexte de morsure. Med Mal Infect 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.medmal.2018.04.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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8
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Assoumou L, Charpentier C, Recordon-Pinson P, Grudé M, Pallier C, Morand-Joubert L, Fafi-Kremer S, Krivine A, Montes B, Ferré V, Bouvier-Alias M, Plantier JC, Izopet J, Trabaud MA, Yerly S, Dufayard J, Alloui C, Courdavault L, Le Guillou-Guillemette H, Maillard A, Amiel C, Vabret A, Roussel C, Vallet S, Guinard J, Mirand A, Beby-Defaux A, Barin F, Allardet-Servent A, Ait-Namane R, Wirden M, Delaugerre C, Calvez V, Chaix ML, Descamps D, Reigadas S. Prevalence of HIV-1 drug resistance in treated patients with viral load >50 copies/mL: a 2014 French nationwide study. J Antimicrob Chemother 2017; 72:1769-1773. [PMID: 28333232 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkx042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Surveillance of HIV-1 resistance in treated patients with a detectable viral load (VL) is important to monitor, in order to assess the risk of spread of resistant viruses and to determine the proportion of patients who need new antiretroviral drugs with minimal cross-resistance. Methods The HIV-1 protease and reverse transcriptase (RT) and integrase genes were sequenced in plasma samples from 782 consecutive patients on failing antiretroviral regimens, seen in 37 specialized centres in 2014. The genotyping results were interpreted using the ANRS v24 algorithm. Prevalence rates were compared with those obtained during a similar survey conducted in 2009. Results The protease and RT sequences were obtained in 566 patients, and the integrase sequence in 382 patients. Sequencing was successful in 60%, 78%, 78% and 87% of patients with VLs of 51-200, 201-500, 501-1000 and >1000 copies/mL, respectively. Resistance to at least one antiretroviral drug was detected in 56.3% of samples. Respectively, 3.9%, 8.7%, 1.5% and 3.4% of patients harboured viruses that were resistant to any NRTI, NNRTI, PI and integrase inhibitor (INI). Resistance rates were lower in 2014 than in 2009. Resistance was detected in 48.5% of samples from patients with a VL between 51 and 200 copies/mL. Conclusion In France in 2014, 90.0% of patients in AIDS care centres were receiving antiretroviral drugs and 12.0% of them had VLs >50 copies/mL. Therefore, this study suggests that 6.7% of treated patients in France might transmit resistant strains. Resistance testing may be warranted in all treated patients with VL > 50 copies/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Assoumou
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ. Paris 06, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique (IPLESP UMRS 1136), F75013 Paris, France
| | - C Charpentier
- INSERM UMR1137, IAME Université Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, AP-HP, Laboratoire de Virologie, Hôpital Bichat-Claude Bernard, Laboratoire Associé au Centre National de Référence du VIH-Résistance aux Antirétroviraux, Paris, France
| | - P Recordon-Pinson
- PTBM, Laboratoire de Virologie, Hôpital Pellegrin, CHU de Bordeaux; UMR 5234 MFP CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, 33076 Bordeaux cedex, France
| | - M Grudé
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ. Paris 06, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique (IPLESP UMRS 1136), F75013 Paris, France
| | - C Pallier
- HU Paris sud, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Laboratoire de Virologie, Villejuif, France
| | - L Morand-Joubert
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ. Paris 06, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique (IPLESP UMRS 1136), AP-HP, Laboratoire de Virologie, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, F75012 Paris, France
| | - S Fafi-Kremer
- Laboratoire de Virologie, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - A Krivine
- AP-HP, Hôpital Cochin, Laboratoire de Virologie, Paris, France
| | - B Montes
- Laboratoire de Virologie, Hôpital Saint-Eloi, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - V Ferré
- EA 4271, Nantes Université UFR Pharmacie, Laboratoire de Virologie, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - M Bouvier-Alias
- INSERM U955, National Reference Center for Viral Hepatitis B, C et Delta, Department of Virology, Henri Mondor Hospital, University of Paris-Est, Créteil, France
| | - J-C Plantier
- Laboratoire de Virologie et COREVIH Haute-Normandie, CHU de Rouen, Rouen, France
| | - J Izopet
- Laboratoire de Virologie, Hôpital Purpan de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - M-A Trabaud
- Laboratoire de Virologie, Hôpital de la Croix-Rousse, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - S Yerly
- Laboratoire de Virologie, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève, Genève, Switzerland
| | - J Dufayard
- Laboratoire de Virologie, Hôpital l'Archet de Nice, Nice, France
| | - C Alloui
- Laboratoire de Virologie, Hôpital Avicenne, APHP, HU Paris Seine Saint Denis, Bobigny, France
| | - L Courdavault
- Laboratoire de Virologie, Centre Hospitalier Victor Dupouy d'Argenteuil, Argenteuil, France
| | - H Le Guillou-Guillemette
- Laboratoire de Virologie, CHU Angers et HIFIH Laboratory, UPRES 3859, SFR 4208, LUNAM University, Angers, France
| | - A Maillard
- Laboratoire de Virologie, CHU de Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - C Amiel
- AP-HP, Hôpital Tenon, Laboratoire de Virologie, Paris, France
| | - A Vabret
- Laboratoire de Virologie, CHU Caen, Caen, France
| | - C Roussel
- Laboratoire de Virologie, CHU Amiens, Amiens, France
| | - S Vallet
- Laboratoire de Virologie, CHU Brest, Brest, France
| | - J Guinard
- Laboratoire de Virologie, CHR Orléans, Orléans, France
| | - A Mirand
- Laboratoire de Virologie, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - A Beby-Defaux
- Laboratoire de Virologie, CHU Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - F Barin
- Laboratoire de Virologie, CHU Bretonneau, & INSERM U966, Tours, France
| | | | - R Ait-Namane
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ. Paris 06, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique (IPLESP UMRS 1136), F75013 Paris, France
| | - M Wirden
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ. Paris 06, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'épidémiologie et de Santé Publique (IPLESP UMRS 1136), AP-HP, Laboratoire de Virologie, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, F75013 Paris, France
| | - C Delaugerre
- Laboratoire de Virologie, AP-HP, Hôpital Saint Louis, INSERM U941, Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France
| | - V Calvez
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ. Paris 06, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'épidémiologie et de Santé Publique (IPLESP UMRS 1136), AP-HP, Laboratoire de Virologie, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, F75013 Paris, France
| | - M-L Chaix
- Laboratoire de Virologie, AP-HP, Hôpital Saint Louis, INSERM U941, Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France
| | - D Descamps
- INSERM UMR1137, IAME Université Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, AP-HP, Laboratoire de Virologie, Hôpital Bichat-Claude Bernard, Laboratoire Associé au Centre National de Référence du VIH-Résistance aux Antirétroviraux, Paris, France
| | - S Reigadas
- PTBM, Laboratoire de Virologie, Hôpital Pellegrin, CHU de Bordeaux; UMR 5234 MFP CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, 33076 Bordeaux cedex, France.,CRB plurithématique, Bordeaux Biothèques Santé, Groupe hospitalier Pellegrin-CHU de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
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9
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de Rougemont A, Kaplon J, Fremy C, Legrand-Guillien MC, Minoui-Tran A, Payan C, Vabret A, Mendes-Martins L, Chouchane M, Maudinas R, Huet F, Dubos F, Hober D, Lazrek M, Bouquignaud C, Decoster A, Alain S, Languepin J, Gillet Y, Lina B, Mekki Y, Morfin-Sherpa F, Guigon A, Guinard J, Foulongne V, Rodiere M, Avettand-Fenoel V, Bonacorsi S, Garbarg-Chenon A, Gendrel D, Lebon P, Lorrot M, Mariani P, Meritet JF, Schnuriger A, Agius G, Beby-Defaux A, Oriot D, Colimon R, Lagathu G, Mory O, Pillet S, Pozzetto B, Stephan JL, Aho S, Pothier P. Clinical severity and molecular characteristics of circulating and emerging rotaviruses in young children attending hospital emergency departments in France. Clin Microbiol Infect 2016; 22:737.e9-737.e15. [PMID: 27287887 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2016.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2016] [Revised: 05/25/2016] [Accepted: 05/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Group A rotavirus (RVA) is the leading cause of acute gastroenteritis in young children worldwide. A prospective surveillance network has been set up to investigate the virological and clinical features of RVA infections and to detect the emergence of potentially epidemic strains in France. From 2009 to 2014, RVA-positive stool samples were collected from 4800 children <5 years old attending the paediatric emergency units of 16 large hospitals. Rotaviruses were then genotyped by RT-PCR with regard to their outer capsid proteins VP4 and VP7. Genotyping of 4708 RVA showed that G1P[8] strains (62.2%) were predominant. The incidence of G9P[8] (11.5%), G3P[8] (10.4%) and G2P[4] (6.6%) strains varied considerably, whereas G4P[8] (2.7%) strains were circulating mostly locally. Of note, G12P[8] (1.6%) strains emerged during the seasons 2011-12 and 2012-13 with 4.1% and 3.0% prevalence, respectively. Overall, 40 possible zoonotic reassortants, such as G6 (33.3%) and G8 (15.4%) strains, were detected, and were mostly associated with P[6] (67.5%). Analysis of clinical records of 624 hospitalized children and severity scores from 282 of them showed no difference in clinical manifestations or severity in relation to the genotype. The relative stability of RVA genotypes currently co-circulating and the large predominance of P[8] type strains may ensure vaccine effectiveness in France. The surveillance will continue to monitor the emergence of new reassortants that might not respond to current vaccines, all the more so as all genotypes can cause severe infections in infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- A de Rougemont
- Centre National de Référence des virus entériques, Laboratoire de Virologie, CHU de Dijon, France; UFR des Sciences de Santé, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France.
| | - J Kaplon
- Centre National de Référence des virus entériques, Laboratoire de Virologie, CHU de Dijon, France
| | - C Fremy
- Centre National de Référence des virus entériques, Laboratoire de Virologie, CHU de Dijon, France
| | | | | | - C Payan
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Brest, France
| | - A Vabret
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Caen, France
| | | | - M Chouchane
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon, France
| | - R Maudinas
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon, France
| | - F Huet
- UFR des Sciences de Santé, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon, France
| | - F Dubos
- Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Lille, France
| | - D Hober
- Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Lille, France
| | - M Lazrek
- Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Lille, France
| | - C Bouquignaud
- Groupement des Hôpitaux de l'Institut Catholique de Lille, France
| | - A Decoster
- Groupement des Hôpitaux de l'Institut Catholique de Lille, France
| | - S Alain
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Limoges, France
| | - J Languepin
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Limoges, France
| | | | - B Lina
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, France
| | - Y Mekki
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, France
| | | | - A Guigon
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Orléans, France
| | - J Guinard
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Orléans, France
| | - V Foulongne
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montpellier, France
| | - M Rodiere
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montpellier, France
| | | | - S Bonacorsi
- Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, France
| | | | - D Gendrel
- Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, France
| | - P Lebon
- Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, France
| | - M Lorrot
- Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, France
| | - P Mariani
- Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, France
| | - J-F Meritet
- Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, France
| | | | - G Agius
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Poitiers, France
| | - A Beby-Defaux
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Poitiers, France
| | - D Oriot
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Poitiers, France
| | - R Colimon
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rennes, France
| | - G Lagathu
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rennes, France
| | - O Mory
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Etienne, France
| | - S Pillet
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Etienne, France
| | - B Pozzetto
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Etienne, France
| | - J-L Stephan
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Etienne, France
| | - S Aho
- Service d'Hygiène Hospitalière, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon, France
| | - P Pothier
- Centre National de Référence des virus entériques, Laboratoire de Virologie, CHU de Dijon, France; UFR des Sciences de Santé, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France
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Lepoutre A, Ploy M, Gaillat J, Forestier E, Sifaoui F, Guinard J, Janssen C, Tellini C, Lévy-Bruhl D, Varon E. COL 2–01 - Épidémiologie des infections invasives à pneumocoque de l’adulte en France et recommandations vaccinales, résultat de la cohorte Surveillance des infections invasives à pneumocoques (SIIP) de l’adulte. Med Mal Infect 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s0399-077x(16)30261-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Hocqueloux L, Causse X, Valery A, Jandali JC, Maitre O, Soin C, Buret J, Ouane F, Niang M, Mille C, Prazuck T, Guinard J, Guigon A. The high burden of hospitalizations for primary EBV infection: a 6-year prospective survey in a French hospital. Clin Microbiol Infect 2015; 21:1041.e1-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2015.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2015] [Revised: 07/07/2015] [Accepted: 07/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Guigon A, Lier C, Buret J, Guinard J, Poisson DM, Hennequin C. Endocardite à Penicillium marneffei : suivi de deux marqueurs sérologiques. J Mycol Med 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mycmed.2014.01.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Descamps D, Assoumou L, Chaix ML, Chaillon A, Pakianather S, de Rougemont A, Storto A, Dos Santos G, Krivine A, Delaugerre C, Montes B, Izopet J, Charpentier C, Wirden M, Maillard A, Morand-Joubert L, Pallier C, Plantier JC, Guinard J, Tamalet C, Cottalorda J, Marcelin AG, Desbois D, Henquell C, Calvez V, Brun-Vezinet F, Masquelier B, Costagliola D, Lagier E, Roussel C, Le Guillou-Guillemette H, Alloui C, Bettinger D, Anies G, Reigadas S, Bellecave P, Pinson-Recordon P, Fleury H, Masquelier B, Vallet S, Leroux M, Dina J, Vabret A, Poveda JD, Mirand A, Henquell C, Bouvier-Alias M, Noel C, De Rougemont A, Dos Santos G, Yerly S, Gaille C, Caveng W, Chapalay S, Calmy A, Signori-Schmuck A, Morand P, Pallier C, Bocket L, Mouna L, Ranger-Rogez S, Andre P, Tardy JC, Trabaud MA, Tamalet C, Delamare C, Montes B, Schvoerer E, Andre-Garnier E, Ferre V, Cottalorda J, Guigon A, Guinard J, Descamps D, Charpentier C, Peytavin G, Brun-Vezinet F, Haim-Boukobza S, Roques AM, Soulie C, Lambert-Niclot S, Malet I, Wirden M, Fourati S, Marcelin AG, Calvez V, Flandre P, Assoumou L, Costagliola D, Morand-Joubert L, Delaugerre C, Schneider V, Amiel C, Giraudeau G, Maillard A, Plantier JC, Fafi-Kremer S, Schmitt MP, Raymond S, Izopet J, Chaillon A, Barin F, Marque Juillet S. National sentinel surveillance of transmitted drug resistance in antiretroviral-naive chronically HIV-infected patients in France over a decade: 2001-2011. J Antimicrob Chemother 2013; 68:2626-31. [DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkt238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Reigadas S, Marcelin AG, Houssaini A, Yerly S, Descamps D, Plantier JC, Ruffault A, Amiel C, Trabaud MA, Flandre P, Fleury H, Masquelier B, Roussel C, Alloui C, Leguillou-Guillemette H, Bettinger D, Pallier C, Descamps D, Brun-Vezinet F, Peytavin G, Masquelier B, Pinson P, Reigadas S, Vallet S, Poveda JD, Mirand A, Krivine A, Auvray C, de Rougemont A, Yerly S, Signori-Schmuck A, Bocket L, Rogez S, Tamalet C, Schneider V, Amiel C, Bouvier-Alias M, Montes B, Schvoerer E, Ferre V, Chaix ML, Guinard J, Haim-Boukobza S, Soulie C, Marcelin AG, Flandre P, Assoumou L, Calvez V, Maillard A, Morand-Joubert L, Chaplain C, Delaugerre C, Bourlet T, Bertsch S, Plantier JC, Raymond S, Marque-Juillet S. HIV-1 integrase variability and relationship with drug resistance in antiretroviral-naive and -experienced patients with different HIV-1 subtypes. J Antimicrob Chemother 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/jac/dks474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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15
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Willander M, Nur O, Zhao QX, Yang LL, Lorenz M, Cao BQ, Zúñiga Pérez J, Czekalla C, Zimmermann G, Grundmann M, Bakin A, Behrends A, Al-Suleiman M, El-Shaer A, Che Mofor A, Postels B, Waag A, Boukos N, Travlos A, Kwack HS, Guinard J, Le Si Dang D. Zinc oxide nanorod based photonic devices: recent progress in growth, light emitting diodes and lasers. Nanotechnology 2009; 20:332001. [PMID: 19636090 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/20/33/332001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Zinc oxide (ZnO), with its excellent luminescent properties and the ease of growth of its nanostructures, holds promise for the development of photonic devices. The recent advances in growth of ZnO nanorods are discussed. Results from both low temperature and high temperature growth approaches are presented. The techniques which are presented include metal-organic chemical vapour deposition (MOCVD), vapour phase epitaxy (VPE), pulse laser deposition (PLD), vapour-liquid-solid (VLS), aqueous chemical growth (ACG) and finally the electrodeposition technique as an example of a selective growth approach. Results from structural as well as optical properties of a variety of ZnO nanorods are shown and analysed using different techniques, including high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), photoluminescence (PL) and cathodoluminescence (CL), for both room temperature and for low temperature performance. These results indicate that the grown ZnO nanorods possess reproducible and interesting optical properties. Results on obtaining p-type doping in ZnO micro- and nanorods are also demonstrated using PLD. Three independent indications were found for p-type conducting, phosphorus-doped ZnO nanorods: first, acceptor-related CL peaks, second, opposite transfer characteristics of back-gate field effect transistors using undoped and phosphorus doped wire channels, and finally, rectifying I-V characteristics of ZnO:P nanowire/ZnO:Ga p-n junctions. Then light emitting diodes (LEDs) based on n-ZnO nanorods combined with different technologies (hybrid technologies) are suggested and the recent electrical, as well as electro-optical, characteristics of these LEDs are shown and discussed. The hybrid LEDs reviewed and discussed here are mainly presented for two groups: those based on n-ZnO nanorods and p-type crystalline substrates, and those based on n-ZnO nanorods and p-type amorphous substrates. Promising electroluminescence characteristics aimed at the development of white LEDs are demonstrated. Although some of the presented LEDs show visible emission for applied biases in excess of 10 V, optimized structures are expected to provide the same emission at much lower voltage. Finally, lasing from ZnO nanorods is briefly reviewed. An example of a recent whispering gallery mode (WGM) lasing from ZnO is demonstrated as a way to enhance the stimulated emission from small size structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Willander
- Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, SE-60174 Norrköping, Sweden.
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Czekalla C, Guinard J, Hanisch C, Cao BQ, Kaidashev EM, Boukos N, Travlos A, Renard J, Gayral B, Le Si Dang D, Lorenz M, Grundmann M. Spatial fluctuations of optical emission from single ZnO/MgZnO nanowire quantum wells. Nanotechnology 2008; 19:115202. [PMID: 21730549 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/19/11/115202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
MgZnO/ZnO quantum wells on top of ZnO nanowires were grown by pulsed laser deposition. Ensembles of spatially fluctuating and narrow cathodoluminescence peaks with single widths down to 1 meV were found at the spectral position of the quantum well emission at 4 K. In addition, the number of these narrow QW peaks increases with increasing excitation power in micro-photoluminescence, thus pointing to quantum-dot-like emission centers. Indeed, laterally strained areas of about 5 nm diameter were identified at the quantum well positions on top of the nanowires by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Czekalla
- Institut für Experimentelle Physik II, Universität Leipzig, Linnéstraße 5, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany
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Abstract
Obtaining a precise percutaneous calyceal puncture gave way to the development of percutaneous nephrolithotomy, one of the first micro-invasive techniques described in urology. Both radiologist and urologist can perform puncture, sometimes in a collaborative effort. However, being followed by a true surgical procedure, it should be done in the O.R; perfect knowledge of the procedure is mandatory for every urologist. Standard guidance uses a fluoroscopic C-arm device, only able to guide the needle precisely towards the apex of the chosen calyx. Moving the C-arm with cephalad tilting will provide 3-D imaging. Ultrasound guidance is an alternative, but might be difficult with non dilated upper tract. CT guidance and retrograde puncture are rarely used. The access is to be adapted according to the patient (adult or child), type of stone (single or multiple access), or kidney position (eutopic or ectopic). Direct ad stable puncture entering the apex of the chosen calyx is a pre-requisite for easy and efficient subsequent nephrolithotomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Makhoul
- Service d'urologie, centre hospitalier, 2, boulevard de Verdun, 89011 Auxerre, France
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18
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Abstract
Diacetoxyscirpenol (DAS) is a trichothecene mycotoxin produced by various species of fungi. Trichothecenes are known as major contaminants of cereals and cereal-containing foods. DAS has been detected in agricultural products worldwide and persists in products after processing. In human as well as in animals, DAS consumption has been shown to induce haematological disorders (neutropenia, aplastic anemia). Granulo-monocytic progenitors (CFU-GM) from human umbilical cord blood and rat bone marrow have been cultured in the presence of DAS (from 10(-8) M to 5 x 10(-10) M) for 14 days. Study of concentration and effect relationships have shown a sharp effect of DAS on rat CFU-GM between 10(-7) M and 10(-8) M, while human CFU-GM are able to grow in the presence of 10(-8) M of the toxin. IC50 values on day 14 are respectively, 7.6 x 10(-9) M for human CFU-GM and 6.2 x 10(-9) M for rat CFU-GM.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Lautraite
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie et de Sécurité Alimentaire, Ecole Supérieure de Microbiologie et Sécurité Alimentaire de Brest, ISAMOR, Plouzané, France
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Abstract
Arteriovenous differences in plasma and rate of blood flow were measured across the udder of four lactating dairy cows to examine the effects of increased supplies of a limiting AA on nutrient balance to the mammary gland. Treatment consisted of graded amounts of duodenal infusions of DL-Met (0, 8, 16, and 32 g/d) over 4-d periods according to a 4 x 4 Latin square design. Cows were fed a diet formulated to meet protein and energy requirements and based on 70:30 corn silage:concentrate ratio and dehydrated alfalfa (1.5 kg/d of DM). The basal diet met 70% of Met requirements. Yields of milk, fat, and protein and milk fat content were unaffected by infusions of Met, but milk protein content tended to increase by 5% to a maximum at the third treatment. Surprisingly, the rate of mammary blood flow declined in response to infusions of Met. The mammary uptake remained constant, nevertheless, for oxygen, energy-yielding nutrients, and nonessential AA. In contrast, the quantity of essential AA taken up by the udder decreased. As a result, milk protein yield seemed sustained by an increased efficiency of the mammary gland. In addition, in response to the Met infusions, the arterial supply of Met nearly increased 3-fold, and the mammary uptake of Met was similar across all treatments. The uptake of Met by the udder seems to be more related to the quantity of Met required for milk protein synthesis than to its concentration in the artery.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Guinard
- Station de Recherches sur la Vache Laitière, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, St-Gilles, France
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20
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Abstract
Effects of providing a limiting AA on milk secretion and mammary nutrient uptake were investigated using four lactating dairy cows given duodenal infusions of graded amounts of L-Lys-HCl (0, 9, 27, and 63 g/d). Infusions were administered over 4-d periods according to a Latin square design. Diets consisted of a 70:30 corn silage:concentrate ratio supplemented with 1.5 kg of DM/d as dehydrated alfalfa. The basal diet met requirements for energy and protein and was deficient in Lys. Cows were fitted with indwelling catheters inserted into the left carotid and left subcutaneous abdominal veins, and a transit-time flow probe was implanted around the left external pudic artery. Milk, fat, and protein yields were unaffected by infusions of Lys. Milk protein content increased to a maximum with the third treatment, and fat content showed opposite variation. Although arterial concentrations and arteriovenous differences of Lys increased to a plateau with the third treatment, the relationship between arteriovenous differences and arterial concentrations was curvilinear. Infusions of Lys tended to increase the efficiency of N utilization and the mammary extraction rates of AA to synthesize more milk proteins. Initially, Lys was extracted in a direct ratio to its milk output and then taken up in excess by the secretory cells, suggesting that Lys was no longer a limiting factor in milk protein synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Guinard
- Station de Recherches sur la Vache Laitière, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, St-Gilles, France
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Abstract
The experiment examined patterns of mammary uptake of individual AA when graded amounts of calcium caseinate (0, 177, 362, and 762 g/d) were infused duodenally into four lactating cows. Six blood samples were collected over 12 h from the subcutaneous abdominal vein and the carotid. Mammary blood flow was measured by an ultrasonic flow probe implanted around the external pudic artery. Infusions of casein linearly increased the arterial concentrations of all essential AA and several nonessential AA (Pro, Tyr, Orn, and Cit) and increased, or tended to increase, linearly the mammary arteriovenous differences of all AA except Glu and Ala. Absorption ability of the mammary gland was not reduced in vivo. Relationships between mammary arteriovenous differences and arterial concentrations were positive and linear in every cow for all AA except Asn, Ser, Gly, and Ala. Some essential AA (Lys, Arg, and branched-chain AA) were therefore taken up in excess of their output into milk proteins, but others (His, Thr, Met, and Phe) were almost exclusively extracted by the udder in a direct ratio to their output. As infusions of casein increase, Phe becomes probably the most critical AA for milk synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Guinard
- Station de Recherches sur la Vache Laitière, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, St-Gilles, France
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Abstract
Effects of duodenally infused casein on milk secretion were investigated by coupling measurements of mammary blood flow and arteriovenous differences. Four lactating cows were given a continuous duodenal infusion of 0, 177, 352, and 762 g of calcium caseinate/d according to a Latin square design. Diets, formulated to meet 90% of energy and protein recommendations, consisted of a ratio of corn silage:concentrate of 76:24 supplemented with dehydrated alfalfa. Yields of milk, protein, and fat increased linearly with casein infusions (by up to 2.6 kg/d, 126 g/d, and 133 g/d, respectively) as did milk protein content (by up to 2.2 g/kg). Mammary blood flow and insulin, prolactin, and growth hormone in plasma were not affected by added casein. Concentrations of arterial acetate, glucose, BHBA, and NEFA remained unchanged, but their uptake by the udder increased by 3, 18, 22, and 91%, respectively, between the control and high casein treatments. Plasma arterial concentrations and the mammary uptake of essential and nonessential AA increased linearly with casein infusions. Although arterial concentrations increased to a much greater degree for essential AA than for nonessential AA, the increased udder extraction was higher for nonessential AA. The main part of the added AA (90%) was extracted by the udder. However, a direct transfer of supplementary-extracted AA into milk did not occur, thus increasing AA availability for other metabolic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Guinard
- Station de Recherches sur la Vache Laitière, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, St-Gilles, France
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Fourcade RO, Guinard J. [Is urography necessary in the preoperative exploration of prostatic adenoma?]. Presse Med 1985; 14:1096-7. [PMID: 2582406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
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Schmit P, Labrune M, Guinard J, Vial M, Rengeval JP, Doyon F. [Systematic hip roentgenograms in infants of 4 months of age in the screening for congenital dislocation of the hip (author's transl)]. Arch Fr Pediatr 1981; 38:241-5. [PMID: 7294950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The authors report the results of a statistical study undertaken for the screening of congenital dislocation of the hip. 961 children born between September 24, 1977 and June 30, 1978 were examined. Congenital dislocation of the hip was diagnosed in 9 (0.9 % of the cases). Out of these, 4 had no clinical sign of dislocatability at birth. The only determination of acetabular angles cannot be relied upon and qualitative criteria such as ilium thickness must be added.
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Salmon R, Cornud F, Guinard J, Gayral F, Buffet C, Courpotin G, De Parades B, Lasry JL, Larrieu H. Celiac artery aneurysm. J Cardiovasc Surg (Torino) 1980; 21:719-22. [PMID: 7462312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Aneurysms of the celiac axis are rare, since only 50 cases were reported in 1976, 14 of which were operated on successfully. We report here the 15th case. This celiac aneurysm involved the origin of the splenic left gastric and common hepatic arteries. After controlling the aorta by a thoraco-phrenolaparotomy, the celiac artery was ligated at its origin, the anterior wall of the aneurysm was incised and the splenic and the left gastric arteries ligated by an obliterative endoaneurysmorrhaphy. The hepatic vascularization was restored from the gastroduodenal artery with a restorative endoaneurysmorrhaphy. The control arteriogram showed a good arterial revascularization.
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Labrune M, Guinard J, Bocquet F, Dommergues JP. [Current indications for barium meal examinations of the small intestine in malabsorption syndromes in children (author's transl)]. J Radiol Electrol Med Nucl 1978; 59:407-11. [PMID: 712673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The authors study the correlation between the degree of abnormality seen on radiological examination and the extent of atrophy of the villi in 29 children suspected to have had malabsorption syndromes. The radiological signs are valid but at the present time-intestinal biopsy is the only certain diagnostic examination. Based on these observations, an attempt is made to define the indications for barium meal examination of the small intestine.
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Guinard J, Weingarten A, Roche A, Harry G, Doyon D. [Teaching radiology by slides with sound track]. J Radiol Electrol Med Nucl 1976; 57:597. [PMID: 62051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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30
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Doyon D, Guinard J, Mouzon A. [Hyperselective angiography. Its diagnostic and therapeutic importance]. Rev Prat 1975; 25:4685-90. [PMID: 1215794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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31
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Markovits P, Bergiron C, Guinard J, Contesso G. [Radioclinical study of mammary localizations of hematosarcomas]. Ann Radiol (Paris) 1975; 18:711-20. [PMID: 1211797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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32
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Guinard J, Labrune M, Benardeau T, Papternik-Berkhauer E. [The uterine contents (author's transl)]. J Radiol Electrol Med Nucl 1975; 56:727-9. [PMID: 1195217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The technique used for radiological examination of the uterine contents must be adapted to the reason for which it is being carried out. In particular, a study of bony maturation of the foetal knee may be carried out using a localised film, with compression and in lateral view, of the maternal abdomen. The technique of the large scoit film in ventral decubitus is reviewed; the study of the uterine contents, on lateral projection, which localisation and compression is described.
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Guinard J, Labrune M, Benardeau T, Papiernik-Berkhauer E. [Pelvimetry (author's transl)]. J Radiol Electrol Med Nucl 1975; 56:721-5. [PMID: 1195216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
A simple and precise technique for pelvimetry, delivering only a low dose of irradiation, is described. It includes the usual lateral view, but for the AP uses that of Fernstroëm. The technique and results are described.
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Labrune M, Guinard J, Dayras M, Boyer L. [Mendelson's syndrome. Report of 6 cases (author's transl)]. J Radiol Electrol Med Nucl 1974; 55:853-62. [PMID: 4455869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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