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Deo N, Isaq NA, Peters MS, Link J. Iatrogenic Demodex folliculitis: A case report. Int J Rheum Dis 2023; 26:2073-2075. [PMID: 37096969 DOI: 10.1111/1756-185x.14708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
Demodex folliculorum is a commensal mite that inhabits the orifices of cutaneous pilosebaceous follicles. Overgrowth of these organisms can lead to Demodex folliculitis, which typically presents as papules and pustules predominantly involving the temples, cheeks, and occasionally the chest. We present a 51-year-old woman with iatrogenic Demodex folliculitis secondary to immunosuppressive treatment for an autoimmune connective tissue disease. Histopathological exam of a skin biopsy, which revealed follicular Demodex mites, confirmed the diagnosis. The eruption was treated with oral ivermectin and topical metronidazole gel, and the patient's immunosuppressive regimen was decreased, resulting in marked improvement in the eruption within 6 weeks and no worsening of her underlying autoimmune disorder. This case emphasizes the importance of considering Demodex folliculitis in the differential diagnosis of a new onset rash in the context of immunosuppressive treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Deo
- Mayo Clinic Alix School of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Nasro A Isaq
- Department of Dermatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Margot S Peters
- Department of Dermatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Jenny Link
- Department of Dermatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
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Pott U, Crasselt C, Fobbe N, Haist M, Heinemann M, Hellmann S, Ivanov D, Jakob C, Jansen D, Lei L, Li R, Link J, Lowke D, Mechtcherine V, Neubauer J, Nicia D, Plank J, Reißig S, Schäfer T, Schilde C, Schmidt W, Schröfl C, Sowoidnich T, Strybny B, Ukrainczyk N, Wolf J, Xiao P, Stephan D. Characterization data of reference materials used for phase II of the priority program DFG SPP 2005 "Opus Fluidum Futurum - Rheology of reactive, multiscale, multiphase construction materials". Data Brief 2023; 47:108902. [PMID: 36747980 PMCID: PMC9898608 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2023.108902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
A thorough characterization of base materials is the prerequisite for further research. In this paper, the characterization data of the reference materials (CEM I 42.5 R, limestone powder, calcined clay and a mixture of these three components) used in the second funding phase of the priority program 2005 of the German Research Foundation (DFG SPP 2005) are presented under the aspects of chemical and mineralogical composition as well as physical and chemical properties. The data were collected based on tests performed by up to eleven research groups involved in this cooperative program.
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Affiliation(s)
- U. Pott
- Department of Civil Engineering, Technische Universität Berlin, Berlin 13355, Germany
| | - C. Crasselt
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung, Berlin 12205, Germany
| | - N. Fobbe
- GeoZentrum Nordbayern, Mineralogy, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen 91054, Germany
| | - M. Haist
- Institute of Building Materials Science, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Hannover 30167, Germany
| | - M. Heinemann
- F. A. Finger-Institute for Building Material Science, Bauhaus-Universität Weimar, Weimar 99423, Germany
| | - S. Hellmann
- Institute of Geosciences, Applied Geology, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Jena 07749, Germany
| | - D. Ivanov
- Institute for Particle Technology (iPAT), Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig 38106, Germany
| | - C. Jakob
- GeoZentrum Nordbayern, Mineralogy, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen 91054, Germany
| | - D. Jansen
- GeoZentrum Nordbayern, Mineralogy, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen 91054, Germany
| | - L. Lei
- Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität München, Garching 85748, Germany
| | - R. Li
- Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität München, Garching 85748, Germany
| | - J. Link
- Institute of Building Materials Science, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Hannover 30167, Germany
| | - D. Lowke
- Institute of Building Materials, Concrete Construction and Fire Safety (iBMB), Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig 38106, Germany
| | - V. Mechtcherine
- Institute of Construction Materials, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden 01062, Germany
| | - J. Neubauer
- GeoZentrum Nordbayern, Mineralogy, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen 91054, Germany
| | - D. Nicia
- Institute of Building Materials, Concrete Construction and Fire Safety (iBMB), Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig 38106, Germany
| | - J. Plank
- Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität München, Garching 85748, Germany
| | - S. Reißig
- Institute of Construction Materials, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden 01062, Germany
| | - T. Schäfer
- Institute of Geosciences, Applied Geology, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Jena 07749, Germany
| | - C. Schilde
- Institute for Particle Technology (iPAT), Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig 38106, Germany
| | - W. Schmidt
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung, Berlin 12205, Germany
| | - C. Schröfl
- Institute of Construction Materials, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden 01062, Germany
| | - T. Sowoidnich
- F. A. Finger-Institute for Building Material Science, Bauhaus-Universität Weimar, Weimar 99423, Germany
| | - B. Strybny
- Institute of Building Materials Science, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Hannover 30167, Germany
| | - N. Ukrainczyk
- Construction and Building Materials, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt 64287, Germany
| | - J. Wolf
- GeoZentrum Nordbayern, Mineralogy, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen 91054, Germany
| | - P. Xiao
- Construction and Building Materials, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt 64287, Germany
| | - D. Stephan
- Department of Civil Engineering, Technische Universität Berlin, Berlin 13355, Germany,Corresponding author.
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Gil-Díaz T, Jara-Heredia D, Heberling F, Lützenkirchen J, Link J, Sowoidnich T, Ludwig HM, Haist M, Schäfer T. Charge regulated solid-liquid interfaces interacting on the nanoscale: Benchmarking of a generalized speciation code (SINFONIA). Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 294:102469. [PMID: 34252719 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2021.102469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Surface chemistry of mineral phases in aqueous environments generates the electrostatic forces involved in particle-particle interactions. However, few models directly take into account the influence of surface speciation and changes in solution speciation when the diffuse layer potential profiles of approaching particles overlap and affect each other. These electrostatic interactions can be quantified, ideally, through charge regulation, considering solution and surface speciation changes upon particle approach by coupling state-of-the-art surface complexation models for the two particle surfaces with a Poisson-Boltzmann type distribution of electrostatic potential and ions in the inter-particle space. These models greatly improve the accuracy of inter-particle force calculations at small inter-particle separations compared to constant charge and constant potential approaches. This work aims at advancing charge regulation calculations by including full chemical speciation and advanced surface complexation models (Basic Stern-, three-, or four plane models and charge distribution concepts), for cases of similar and dissimilar surfaces involving the numerical solution of the Poisson-Boltzmann equation for arbitrary electrolytes. The concept was implemented as a Python-based code and in COMSOL. The flexibility and precision of both, concept and implementations are demonstrated in several benchmark calculations testing the new codes against published results or simulations using established speciation codes, including aqueous speciation, surface complexation and various interaction force examples. Due to the flexibility in terms of aqueous chemistry and surface complexation models for various geometries, a large variety of potential applications can be tackled with the developed codes including industrial, biological, and environmental systems, from colloidal suspensions to gas bubbles, emulsions, slurries like cement paste, as well as new possibilities to assess the chemistry in nano-confined systems.
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4
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Adriani O, Akaike Y, Asano K, Asaoka Y, Berti E, Bigongiari G, Binns WR, Bongi M, Brogi P, Bruno A, Buckley JH, Cannady N, Castellini G, Checchia C, Cherry ML, Collazuol G, Ebisawa K, Fuke H, Gonzi S, Guzik TG, Hams T, Hibino K, Ichimura M, Ioka K, Ishizaki W, Israel MH, Kasahara K, Kataoka J, Kataoka R, Katayose Y, Kato C, Kawanaka N, Kawakubo Y, Kobayashi K, Kohri K, Krawczynski HS, Krizmanic JF, Link J, Maestro P, Marrocchesi PS, Messineo AM, Mitchell JW, Miyake S, Moiseev AA, Mori M, Mori N, Motz HM, Munakata K, Nakahira S, Nishimura J, de Nolfo GA, Okuno S, Ormes JF, Ospina N, Ozawa S, Pacini L, Papini P, Rauch BF, Ricciarini SB, Sakai K, Sakamoto T, Sasaki M, Shimizu Y, Shiomi A, Spillantini P, Stolzi F, Sugita S, Sulaj A, Takita M, Tamura T, Terasawa T, Torii S, Tsunesada Y, Uchihori Y, Vannuccini E, Wefel JP, Yamaoka K, Yanagita S, Yoshida A, Yoshida K. Measurement of the Iron Spectrum in Cosmic Rays from 10 GeV/n to 2.0 TeV/n with the Calorimetric Electron Telescope on the International Space Station. Phys Rev Lett 2021; 126:241101. [PMID: 34213922 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.126.241101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The Calorimetric Electron Telescope (CALET), in operation on the International Space Station since 2015, collected a large sample of cosmic-ray iron over a wide energy interval. In this Letter a measurement of the iron spectrum is presented in the range of kinetic energy per nucleon from 10 GeV/n to 2.0 TeV/n allowing the inclusion of iron in the list of elements studied with unprecedented precision by space-borne instruments. The measurement is based on observations carried out from January 2016 to May 2020. The CALET instrument can identify individual nuclear species via a measurement of their electric charge with a dynamic range extending far beyond iron (up to atomic number Z=40). The energy is measured by a homogeneous calorimeter with a total equivalent thickness of 1.2 proton interaction lengths preceded by a thin (3 radiation lengths) imaging section providing tracking and energy sampling. The analysis of the data and the detailed assessment of systematic uncertainties are described and results are compared with the findings of previous experiments. The observed differential spectrum is consistent within the errors with previous experiments. In the region from 50 GeV/n to 2 TeV/n our present data are compatible with a single power law with spectral index -2.60±0.03.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Adriani
- Department of Physics, University of Florence, Via Sansone, 1, 50019 Sesto, Fiorentino, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Florence, Via Sansone, 1, 50019 Sesto, Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Y Akaike
- Waseda Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 17 Kikuicho, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-0044, Japan
- JEM Utilization Center, Human Spaceflight Technology Directorate, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 2-1-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8505, Japan
| | - K Asano
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwa-no-Ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan
| | - Y Asaoka
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwa-no-Ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan
| | - E Berti
- Department of Physics, University of Florence, Via Sansone, 1, 50019 Sesto, Fiorentino, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Florence, Via Sansone, 1, 50019 Sesto, Fiorentino, Italy
| | - G Bigongiari
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - W R Binns
- Department of Physics and McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences, Washington University, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130-4899, USA
| | - M Bongi
- Department of Physics, University of Florence, Via Sansone, 1, 50019 Sesto, Fiorentino, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Florence, Via Sansone, 1, 50019 Sesto, Fiorentino, Italy
| | - P Brogi
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - A Bruno
- Heliospheric Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - J H Buckley
- Department of Physics and McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences, Washington University, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130-4899, USA
| | - N Cannady
- Center for Space Sciences and Technology, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, Maryland 21250, USA
- Astroparticle Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
- Center for Research and Exploration in Space Sciences and Technology, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - G Castellini
- Institute of Applied Physics (IFAC), National Research Council (CNR), Via Madonna del Piano, 10, 50019 Sesto, Fiorentino, Italy
| | - C Checchia
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - M L Cherry
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, 202 Nicholson Hall, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - G Collazuol
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Padova, Via Marzolo, 8, 35131 Padova, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Padova, Via Marzolo, 8, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - K Ebisawa
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Chuo, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5210, Japan
| | - H Fuke
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Chuo, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5210, Japan
| | - S Gonzi
- Department of Physics, University of Florence, Via Sansone, 1, 50019 Sesto, Fiorentino, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Florence, Via Sansone, 1, 50019 Sesto, Fiorentino, Italy
| | - T G Guzik
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, 202 Nicholson Hall, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - T Hams
- Center for Space Sciences and Technology, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, Maryland 21250, USA
| | - K Hibino
- Kanagawa University, 3-27-1 Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa, Yokohama, Kanagawa 221-8686, Japan
| | - M Ichimura
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Hirosaki University, 3, Bunkyo, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8561, Japan
| | - K Ioka
- Yukawa Institute for Theoretical Physics, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwakecho, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - W Ishizaki
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwa-no-Ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan
| | - M H Israel
- Department of Physics and McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences, Washington University, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130-4899, USA
| | - K Kasahara
- Department of Electronic Information Systems, Shibaura Institute of Technology, 307 Fukasaku, Minuma, Saitama 337-8570, Japan
| | - J Kataoka
- Waseda Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Okubo, Shinjuku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
| | - R Kataoka
- National Institute of Polar Research, 10-3, Midori-cho, Tachikawa, Tokyo 190-8518, Japan
| | - Y Katayose
- Faculty of Engineering, Division of Intelligent Systems Engineering, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan
| | - C Kato
- Faculty of Science, Shinshu University, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - N Kawanaka
- Hakubi Center, Kyoto University, Yoshida Honmachi, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
- Department of Astronomy, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Y Kawakubo
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, 202 Nicholson Hall, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - K Kobayashi
- Waseda Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 17 Kikuicho, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-0044, Japan
- JEM Utilization Center, Human Spaceflight Technology Directorate, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 2-1-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8505, Japan
| | - K Kohri
- Institute of Particle and Nuclear Studies, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - H S Krawczynski
- Department of Physics and McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences, Washington University, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130-4899, USA
| | - J F Krizmanic
- Center for Space Sciences and Technology, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, Maryland 21250, USA
- Astroparticle Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
- Center for Research and Exploration in Space Sciences and Technology, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - J Link
- Center for Space Sciences and Technology, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, Maryland 21250, USA
- Astroparticle Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
- Center for Research and Exploration in Space Sciences and Technology, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - P Maestro
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - P S Marrocchesi
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - A M Messineo
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3, 56127 Pisa, Italy
- University of Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - J W Mitchell
- Astroparticle Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - S Miyake
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Systems Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Ibaraki College, 866 Nakane, Hitachinaka, Ibaraki 312-8508, Japan
| | - A A Moiseev
- Astroparticle Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
- Center for Research and Exploration in Space Sciences and Technology, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
- Department of Astronomy, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - M Mori
- Department of Physical Sciences, College of Science and Engineering, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga 525-8577, Japan
| | - N Mori
- INFN Sezione di Florence, Via Sansone, 1, 50019 Sesto, Fiorentino, Italy
| | - H M Motz
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Global Center for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Okubo, Shinjuku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
| | - K Munakata
- Faculty of Science, Shinshu University, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - S Nakahira
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Chuo, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5210, Japan
| | - J Nishimura
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Chuo, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5210, Japan
| | - G A de Nolfo
- Heliospheric Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - S Okuno
- Kanagawa University, 3-27-1 Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa, Yokohama, Kanagawa 221-8686, Japan
| | - J F Ormes
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Denver, Physics Building, Room 211, 2112 East Wesley Avenue, Denver, Colorado 80208-6900, USA
| | - N Ospina
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Padova, Via Marzolo, 8, 35131 Padova, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Padova, Via Marzolo, 8, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - S Ozawa
- Quantum ICT Advanced Development Center, National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, 4-2-1 Nukui-Kitamachi, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8795, Japan
| | - L Pacini
- Department of Physics, University of Florence, Via Sansone, 1, 50019 Sesto, Fiorentino, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Florence, Via Sansone, 1, 50019 Sesto, Fiorentino, Italy
- Institute of Applied Physics (IFAC), National Research Council (CNR), Via Madonna del Piano, 10, 50019 Sesto, Fiorentino, Italy
| | - P Papini
- INFN Sezione di Florence, Via Sansone, 1, 50019 Sesto, Fiorentino, Italy
| | - B F Rauch
- Department of Physics and McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences, Washington University, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130-4899, USA
| | - S B Ricciarini
- INFN Sezione di Florence, Via Sansone, 1, 50019 Sesto, Fiorentino, Italy
- Institute of Applied Physics (IFAC), National Research Council (CNR), Via Madonna del Piano, 10, 50019 Sesto, Fiorentino, Italy
| | - K Sakai
- Center for Space Sciences and Technology, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, Maryland 21250, USA
- Astroparticle Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
- Center for Research and Exploration in Space Sciences and Technology, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - T Sakamoto
- College of Science and Engineering, Department of Physics and Mathematics, Aoyama Gakuin University, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Chuo, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5258, Japan
| | - M Sasaki
- Astroparticle Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
- Center for Research and Exploration in Space Sciences and Technology, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
- Department of Astronomy, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - Y Shimizu
- Kanagawa University, 3-27-1 Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa, Yokohama, Kanagawa 221-8686, Japan
| | - A Shiomi
- College of Industrial Technology, Nihon University, 1-2-1 Izumi, Narashino, Chiba 275-8575, Japan
| | - P Spillantini
- Department of Physics, University of Florence, Via Sansone, 1, 50019 Sesto, Fiorentino, Italy
| | - F Stolzi
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - S Sugita
- College of Science and Engineering, Department of Physics and Mathematics, Aoyama Gakuin University, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Chuo, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5258, Japan
| | - A Sulaj
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - M Takita
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwa-no-Ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan
| | - T Tamura
- Kanagawa University, 3-27-1 Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa, Yokohama, Kanagawa 221-8686, Japan
| | - T Terasawa
- RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - S Torii
- Waseda Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 17 Kikuicho, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-0044, Japan
| | - Y Tsunesada
- Division of Mathematics and Physics, Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - Y Uchihori
- National Institutes for Quantum and Radiation Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - E Vannuccini
- INFN Sezione di Florence, Via Sansone, 1, 50019 Sesto, Fiorentino, Italy
| | - J P Wefel
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, 202 Nicholson Hall, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - K Yamaoka
- Nagoya University, Furo, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - S Yanagita
- College of Science, Ibaraki University, 2-1-1 Bunkyo, Mito, Ibaraki 310-8512, Japan
| | - A Yoshida
- College of Science and Engineering, Department of Physics and Mathematics, Aoyama Gakuin University, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Chuo, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5258, Japan
| | - K Yoshida
- Department of Electronic Information Systems, Shibaura Institute of Technology, 307 Fukasaku, Minuma, Saitama 337-8570, Japan
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Adriani O, Akaike Y, Asano K, Asaoka Y, Bagliesi MG, Berti E, Bigongiari G, Binns WR, Bongi M, Brogi P, Bruno A, Buckley JH, Cannady N, Castellini G, Checchia C, Cherry ML, Collazuol G, Ebisawa K, Fuke H, Gonzi S, Guzik TG, Hams T, Hibino K, Ichimura M, Ioka K, Ishizaki W, Israel MH, Kasahara K, Kataoka J, Kataoka R, Katayose Y, Kato C, Kawanaka N, Kawakubo Y, Kobayashi K, Kohri K, Krawczynski HS, Krizmanic JF, Link J, Maestro P, Marrocchesi PS, Messineo AM, Mitchell JW, Miyake S, Moiseev AA, Mori M, Mori N, Motz HM, Munakata K, Nakahira S, Nishimura J, de Nolfo GA, Okuno S, Ormes JF, Ospina N, Ozawa S, Pacini L, Palma F, Papini P, Rauch BF, Ricciarini SB, Sakai K, Sakamoto T, Sasaki M, Shimizu Y, Shiomi A, Sparvoli R, Spillantini P, Stolzi F, Sugita S, Suh JE, Sulaj A, Takita M, Tamura T, Terasawa T, Torii S, Tsunesada Y, Uchihori Y, Vannuccini E, Wefel JP, Yamaoka K, Yanagita S, Yoshida A, Yoshida K. Direct Measurement of the Cosmic-Ray Carbon and Oxygen Spectra from 10 GeV/n to 2.2 TeV/n with the Calorimetric Electron Telescope on the International Space Station. Phys Rev Lett 2020; 125:251102. [PMID: 33416351 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.251102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we present the measurement of the energy spectra of carbon and oxygen in cosmic rays based on observations with the Calorimetric Electron Telescope on the International Space Station from October 2015 to October 2019. Analysis, including the detailed assessment of systematic uncertainties, and results are reported. The energy spectra are measured in kinetic energy per nucleon from 10 GeV/n to 2.2 TeV/n with an all-calorimetric instrument with a total thickness corresponding to 1.3 nuclear interaction length. The observed carbon and oxygen fluxes show a spectral index change of ∼0.15 around 200 GeV/n established with a significance >3σ. They have the same energy dependence with a constant C/O flux ratio 0.911±0.006 above 25 GeV/n. The spectral hardening is consistent with that measured by AMS-02, but the absolute normalization of the flux is about 27% lower, though in agreement with observations from previous experiments including the PAMELA spectrometer and the calorimetric balloon-borne experiment CREAM.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Adriani
- Department of Physics, University of Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019 Sesto, Fiorentino, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019 Sesto, Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Y Akaike
- Waseda Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 17 Kikuicho, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-0044, Japan
- JEM Utilization Center, Human Spaceflight Technology Directorate, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 2-1-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8505, Japan
| | - K Asano
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwa-no-Ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan
| | - Y Asaoka
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwa-no-Ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan
| | - M G Bagliesi
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - E Berti
- Department of Physics, University of Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019 Sesto, Fiorentino, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019 Sesto, Fiorentino, Italy
| | - G Bigongiari
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - W R Binns
- Department of Physics and McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences, Washington University, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130-4899, USA
| | - M Bongi
- Department of Physics, University of Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019 Sesto, Fiorentino, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019 Sesto, Fiorentino, Italy
| | - P Brogi
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - A Bruno
- Heliospheric Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - J H Buckley
- Department of Physics and McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences, Washington University, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130-4899, USA
| | - N Cannady
- Center for Space Sciences and Technology, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, Maryland 21250, USA
- Astroparticle Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
- Center for Research and Exploration in Space Sciences and Technology, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - G Castellini
- Institute of Applied Physics (IFAC), National Research Council (CNR), Via Madonna del Piano, 10, 50019 Sesto, Fiorentino, Italy
| | - C Checchia
- Department of Physics, University of Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019 Sesto, Fiorentino, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019 Sesto, Fiorentino, Italy
| | - M L Cherry
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, 202 Nicholson Hall, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - G Collazuol
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Padova, Via Marzolo, 8, 35131 Padova, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Padova, Via Marzolo, 8, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - K Ebisawa
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Chuo, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5210, Japan
| | - H Fuke
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Chuo, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5210, Japan
| | - S Gonzi
- Department of Physics, University of Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019 Sesto, Fiorentino, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019 Sesto, Fiorentino, Italy
| | - T G Guzik
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, 202 Nicholson Hall, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - T Hams
- Center for Space Sciences and Technology, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, Maryland 21250, USA
| | - K Hibino
- Kanagawa University, 3-27-1 Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa, Yokohama, Kanagawa 221-8686, Japan
| | - M Ichimura
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Hirosaki University, 3, Bunkyo, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8561, Japan
| | - K Ioka
- Yukawa Institute for Theoretical Physics, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwakecho, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - W Ishizaki
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwa-no-Ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan
| | - M H Israel
- Department of Physics and McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences, Washington University, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130-4899, USA
| | - K Kasahara
- Department of Electronic Information Systems, Shibaura Institute of Technology, 307 Fukasaku, Minuma, Saitama 337-8570, Japan
| | - J Kataoka
- Waseda Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Okubo, Shinjuku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
| | - R Kataoka
- National Institute of Polar Research, 10-3, Midori-cho, Tachikawa, Tokyo 190-8518, Japan
| | - Y Katayose
- Faculty of Engineering, Division of Intelligent Systems Engineering, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan
| | - C Kato
- Faculty of Science, Shinshu University, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - N Kawanaka
- Hakubi Center, Kyoto University, Yoshida Honmachi, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
- Department of Astronomy, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Y Kawakubo
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, 202 Nicholson Hall, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - K Kobayashi
- Waseda Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 17 Kikuicho, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-0044, Japan
- JEM Utilization Center, Human Spaceflight Technology Directorate, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 2-1-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8505, Japan
| | - K Kohri
- Institute of Particle and Nuclear Studies, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - H S Krawczynski
- Department of Physics and McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences, Washington University, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130-4899, USA
| | - J F Krizmanic
- Center for Space Sciences and Technology, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, Maryland 21250, USA
- Astroparticle Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
- Center for Research and Exploration in Space Sciences and Technology, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - J Link
- Center for Space Sciences and Technology, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, Maryland 21250, USA
- Astroparticle Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
- Center for Research and Exploration in Space Sciences and Technology, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - P Maestro
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - P S Marrocchesi
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - A M Messineo
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3-56127 Pisa, Italy
- University of Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - J W Mitchell
- Astroparticle Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - S Miyake
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Systems Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Ibaraki College, 866 Nakane, Hitachinaka, Ibaraki 312-8508 Japan
| | - A A Moiseev
- Astroparticle Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
- Center for Research and Exploration in Space Sciences and Technology, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
- Department of Astronomy, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - M Mori
- Department of Physical Sciences, College of Science and Engineering, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga 525-8577, Japan
| | - N Mori
- INFN Sezione di Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019 Sesto, Fiorentino, Italy
| | - H M Motz
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Global Center for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Okubo, Shinjuku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
| | - K Munakata
- Faculty of Science, Shinshu University, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - S Nakahira
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Chuo, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5210, Japan
| | - J Nishimura
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Chuo, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5210, Japan
| | - G A de Nolfo
- Heliospheric Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - S Okuno
- Kanagawa University, 3-27-1 Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa, Yokohama, Kanagawa 221-8686, Japan
| | - J F Ormes
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Denver, Physics Building, Room 211, 2112 East Wesley Ave., Denver, Colorado 80208-6900, USA
| | - N Ospina
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Padova, Via Marzolo, 8, 35131 Padova, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Padova, Via Marzolo, 8, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - S Ozawa
- Quantum ICT Advanced Development Center, National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, 4-2-1 Nukui-Kitamachi, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8795, Japan
| | - L Pacini
- Department of Physics, University of Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019 Sesto, Fiorentino, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019 Sesto, Fiorentino, Italy
- Institute of Applied Physics (IFAC), National Research Council (CNR), Via Madonna del Piano, 10, 50019 Sesto, Fiorentino, Italy
| | - F Palma
- INFN Sezione di Rome "Tor Vergata", Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - P Papini
- INFN Sezione di Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019 Sesto, Fiorentino, Italy
| | - B F Rauch
- Department of Physics and McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences, Washington University, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130-4899, USA
| | - S B Ricciarini
- INFN Sezione di Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019 Sesto, Fiorentino, Italy
- Institute of Applied Physics (IFAC), National Research Council (CNR), Via Madonna del Piano, 10, 50019 Sesto, Fiorentino, Italy
| | - K Sakai
- Center for Space Sciences and Technology, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, Maryland 21250, USA
- Astroparticle Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
- Center for Research and Exploration in Space Sciences and Technology, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - T Sakamoto
- College of Science and Engineering, Department of Physics and Mathematics, Aoyama Gakuin University, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Chuo, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5258, Japan
| | - M Sasaki
- Astroparticle Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
- Center for Research and Exploration in Space Sciences and Technology, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
- Department of Astronomy, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - Y Shimizu
- Kanagawa University, 3-27-1 Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa, Yokohama, Kanagawa 221-8686, Japan
| | - A Shiomi
- College of Industrial Technology, Nihon University, 1-2-1 Izumi, Narashino, Chiba 275-8575, Japan
| | - R Sparvoli
- INFN Sezione di Rome "Tor Vergata", Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
- University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - P Spillantini
- Department of Physics, University of Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019 Sesto, Fiorentino, Italy
| | - F Stolzi
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - S Sugita
- College of Science and Engineering, Department of Physics and Mathematics, Aoyama Gakuin University, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Chuo, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5258, Japan
| | - J E Suh
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - A Sulaj
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - M Takita
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwa-no-Ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan
| | - T Tamura
- Kanagawa University, 3-27-1 Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa, Yokohama, Kanagawa 221-8686, Japan
| | - T Terasawa
- RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - S Torii
- Waseda Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 17 Kikuicho, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-0044, Japan
| | - Y Tsunesada
- Division of Mathematics and Physics, Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - Y Uchihori
- National Institutes for Quantum and Radiation Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - E Vannuccini
- INFN Sezione di Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019 Sesto, Fiorentino, Italy
| | - J P Wefel
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, 202 Nicholson Hall, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - K Yamaoka
- Nagoya University, Furo, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - S Yanagita
- College of Science, Ibaraki University, 2-1-1 Bunkyo, Mito, Ibaraki 310-8512, Japan
| | - A Yoshida
- College of Science and Engineering, Department of Physics and Mathematics, Aoyama Gakuin University, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Chuo, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5258, Japan
| | - K Yoshida
- Department of Electronic Information Systems, Shibaura Institute of Technology, 307 Fukasaku, Minuma, Saitama 337-8570, Japan
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Andlauer TFM, Link J, Martin D, Ryner M, Hermanrud C, Grummel V, Auer M, Hegen H, Aly L, Gasperi C, Knier B, Müller-Myhsok B, Jensen PEH, Sellebjerg F, Kockum I, Olsson T, Pallardy M, Spindeldreher S, Deisenhammer F, Fogdell-Hahn A, Hemmer B. Treatment- and population-specific genetic risk factors for anti-drug antibodies against interferon-beta: a GWAS. BMC Med 2020; 18:298. [PMID: 33143745 PMCID: PMC7641861 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-020-01769-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Upon treatment with biopharmaceuticals, the immune system may produce anti-drug antibodies (ADA) that inhibit the therapy. Up to 40% of multiple sclerosis patients treated with interferon β (IFNβ) develop ADA, for which a genetic predisposition exists. Here, we present a genome-wide association study on ADA and predict the occurrence of antibodies in multiple sclerosis patients treated with different interferon β preparations. METHODS We analyzed a large sample of 2757 genotyped and imputed patients from two cohorts (Sweden and Germany), split between a discovery and a replication dataset. Binding ADA (bADA) levels were measured by capture-ELISA, neutralizing ADA (nADA) titers using a bioassay. Genome-wide association analyses were conducted stratified by cohort and treatment preparation, followed by fixed-effects meta-analysis. RESULTS Binding ADA levels and nADA titers were correlated and showed a significant heritability (47% and 50%, respectively). The risk factors differed strongly by treatment preparation: The top-associated and replicated variants for nADA presence were the HLA-associated variants rs77278603 in IFNβ-1a s.c.- (odds ratio (OR) = 3.55 (95% confidence interval = 2.81-4.48), p = 2.1 × 10-26) and rs28366299 in IFNβ-1b s.c.-treated patients (OR = 3.56 (2.69-4.72), p = 6.6 × 10-19). The rs77278603-correlated HLA haplotype DR15-DQ6 conferred risk specifically for IFNβ-1a s.c. (OR = 2.88 (2.29-3.61), p = 7.4 × 10-20) while DR3-DQ2 was protective (OR = 0.37 (0.27-0.52), p = 3.7 × 10-09). The haplotype DR4-DQ3 was the major risk haplotype for IFNβ-1b s.c. (OR = 7.35 (4.33-12.47), p = 1.5 × 10-13). These haplotypes exhibit large population-specific frequency differences. The best prediction models were achieved for ADA in IFNβ-1a s.c.-treated patients. Here, the prediction in the Swedish cohort showed AUC = 0.91 (0.85-0.95), sensitivity = 0.78, and specificity = 0.90; patients with the top 30% of genetic risk had, compared to patients in the bottom 30%, an OR = 73.9 (11.8-463.6, p = 4.4 × 10-6) of developing nADA. In the German cohort, the AUC of the same model was 0.83 (0.71-0.92), sensitivity = 0.80, specificity = 0.76, with an OR = 13.8 (3.0-63.3, p = 7.5 × 10-4). CONCLUSIONS We identified several HLA-associated genetic risk factors for ADA against interferon β, which were specific for treatment preparations and population backgrounds. Genetic prediction models could robustly identify patients at risk for developing ADA and might be used for personalized therapy recommendations and stratified ADA screening in clinical practice. These analyses serve as a roadmap for genetic characterizations of ADA against other biopharmaceutical compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Till F M Andlauer
- Department of Neurology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Str 22, 81675, Munich, Germany.
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Kraepelinstr 2-10, 80804, Munich, Germany.
| | - Jenny Link
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Visionsgatan 18, 17176, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Dorothea Martin
- Department of Neurology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Str 22, 81675, Munich, Germany
| | - Malin Ryner
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Visionsgatan 18, 17176, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christina Hermanrud
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Visionsgatan 18, 17176, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Verena Grummel
- Department of Neurology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Str 22, 81675, Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Auer
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstr 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Harald Hegen
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstr 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Lilian Aly
- Department of Neurology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Str 22, 81675, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Experimental Neuroimmunology, Technical University of Munich, Trogerstr 9, 81675, Munich, Germany
| | - Christiane Gasperi
- Department of Neurology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Str 22, 81675, Munich, Germany
| | - Benjamin Knier
- Department of Neurology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Str 22, 81675, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Experimental Neuroimmunology, Technical University of Munich, Trogerstr 9, 81675, Munich, Germany
| | - Bertram Müller-Myhsok
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Kraepelinstr 2-10, 80804, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool, L69 3BX, UK
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Feodor-Lynen-Str. 17, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Finn Sellebjerg
- DMSC, Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ingrid Kockum
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Visionsgatan 18, 17176, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tomas Olsson
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Visionsgatan 18, 17176, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marc Pallardy
- Inflammation, Microbiome and Immunosurveillance, Université Paris-Saclay, INSERM, Faculté de Pharmacie, rue JB Clément, 92290, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Sebastian Spindeldreher
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
- Integrated Biologix GmbH, Steinenvorstadt 33, 4051, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Florian Deisenhammer
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstr 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Anna Fogdell-Hahn
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Visionsgatan 18, 17176, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Bernhard Hemmer
- Department of Neurology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Str 22, 81675, Munich, Germany.
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Feodor-Lynen-Str. 17, 81377, Munich, Germany.
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Lu ZC, Haist M, Ivanov D, Jakob C, Jansen D, Schmid M, Kißling PA, Leinitz S, Link J, Mechtcherine V, Neubauer J, Plank J, Schmidt W, Schilde C, Schröfl C, Sowoidnich T, Stephan D. Characterization data of reference cement CEM III/A 42.5N used for priority program DFG SPP 2005 "Opus Fluidum Futurum - Rheology of reactive, multiscale, multiphase construction materials". Data Brief 2020; 30:105524. [PMID: 32322637 PMCID: PMC7168750 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2020.105524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Two types of cements were selected as the reference cement in the priority program 2005 of the German Research Foundation (DFG SPP 2005). A thorough characterization of CEM I 42.5 R has been made in a recent publication [1]. In this paper, the characterization data of the other reference cement CEM III/A 42.5 N are presented from the aspects of chemical and mineralogical compositions as well as physical and chemical properties. The characterization data of the slag, which is the second main constituent of this specific cement besides the clinker, are presented independently. For all data received, the mean values and the corresponding errors were calculated. The data shall be used for the ongoing research within the priority program. Also, researchers from outside this priority program can benefit from these data if the same materials are used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z C Lu
- Department of Civil Engineering, Technische Universität Berlin, 13355 Berlin, Germany
| | - M Haist
- Since 02/2019: Institute of Building Materials, Leibniz Universität Hannover, 30167 Hannover, Germany.,Until 01/2019: Institute of Concrete Structures and Building Materials (IMB), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - D Ivanov
- Institute for Particle Technology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, 38106, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - C Jakob
- GeoZentrum Nordbayern, Mineralogy, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - D Jansen
- GeoZentrum Nordbayern, Mineralogy, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - M Schmid
- Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität München, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - P A Kißling
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Leibniz Universität Hannover, 30167 Hannover, Germany
| | - S Leinitz
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und - prüfung (BAM), 12205 Berlin, Germany
| | - J Link
- Since 02/2019: Institute of Building Materials, Leibniz Universität Hannover, 30167 Hannover, Germany.,Until 01/2019: Institute of Concrete Structures and Building Materials (IMB), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - V Mechtcherine
- Institute of Construction Materials, Technische Universität Dresden, 01159 Dresden, Germany
| | - J Neubauer
- GeoZentrum Nordbayern, Mineralogy, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - J Plank
- Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität München, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - W Schmidt
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und - prüfung (BAM), 12205 Berlin, Germany
| | - C Schilde
- Institute for Particle Technology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, 38106, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - C Schröfl
- Institute of Construction Materials, Technische Universität Dresden, 01159 Dresden, Germany
| | - T Sowoidnich
- F.A. Finger-Insitute for Building Materials, Bauhaus-Universität Weimar, 99421 Weimar, Germany
| | - D Stephan
- Department of Civil Engineering, Technische Universität Berlin, 13355 Berlin, Germany
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8
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Iloabuchi V, Laws T, Link J, Vallim T, Tarling E. Transcriptome Analysis of Mice Treated with Anti‐miR‐144. FASEB J 2020. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2020.34.s1.00305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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9
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Lu ZC, Haist M, Ivanov D, Jakob C, Jansen D, Leinitz S, Link J, Mechtcherine V, Neubauer J, Plank J, Schmidt W, Schilde C, Schröfl C, Sowoidnich T, Stephan D. Characterization data of reference cement CEM I 42.5 R used for priority program DFG SPP 2005 "Opus Fluidum Futurum - Rheology of reactive, multiscale, multiphase construction materials". Data Brief 2019; 27:104699. [PMID: 31720343 PMCID: PMC6838797 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2019.104699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Revised: 10/06/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
A thorough characterization of starting materials is the precondition for further research, especially for cement, which contains various phases and presents quite a complex material for fundamental scientific investigation. In the paper at hand, the characterization data of the reference cement CEM I 42.5 R used within the priority program 2005 of the German Research Foundation (DFG SPP 2005) are presented from the aspects of chemical and mineralogical compositions as well as physical and chemical properties. The data were collected based on tests conducted by nine research groups involved in this cooperative program. For all data received, the mean values and the corresponding errors were calculated. The results shall be used for the ongoing research within the priority program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z C Lu
- Department of Civil Engineering, Technische Universität Berlin, 13355, Berlin, Germany
| | - M Haist
- Institute of Building Materials, Leibniz Universität Hannover, 30167, Hannover, Germany.,Institute of Concrete Structures and Building Materials (IMB) and Materials Testing and Research Institute (MPA Karlsruhe), Karlsruher Institue für Technologie, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - D Ivanov
- Institute for Particle Technology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, 38106, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - C Jakob
- GeoZentrum Nordbayern, Mineralogy, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - D Jansen
- GeoZentrum Nordbayern, Mineralogy, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - S Leinitz
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und - Prüfung (BAM), 12205, Berlin, Germany
| | - J Link
- Institute of Building Materials, Leibniz Universität Hannover, 30167, Hannover, Germany.,Institute of Concrete Structures and Building Materials (IMB) and Materials Testing and Research Institute (MPA Karlsruhe), Karlsruher Institue für Technologie, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - V Mechtcherine
- Institute of Construction Materials, Technische Universität Dresden, 01159, Dresden, Germany
| | - J Neubauer
- GeoZentrum Nordbayern, Mineralogy, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - J Plank
- Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität München, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - W Schmidt
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und - Prüfung (BAM), 12205, Berlin, Germany
| | - C Schilde
- Institute for Particle Technology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, 38106, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - C Schröfl
- Institute of Construction Materials, Technische Universität Dresden, 01159, Dresden, Germany
| | - T Sowoidnich
- F.A. Finger-Institute for Building Materials, Bauhaus-Universität Weimar, 99421, Weimar, Germany
| | - D Stephan
- Department of Civil Engineering, Technische Universität Berlin, 13355, Berlin, Germany
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10
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Skoog B, Link J, Tedeholm H, Longfils M, Nerman O, Fagius J, Andersen O. Short-term prediction of secondary progression in a sliding window: A test of a predicting algorithm in a validation cohort. Mult Scler J Exp Transl Clin 2019; 5:2055217319875466. [PMID: 35145727 PMCID: PMC8822449 DOI: 10.1177/2055217319875466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Revised: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The Multiple Sclerosis Prediction Score (MSPS, www.msprediction.com) estimates, for any month during the course of relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis (MS), the individual risk of transition to secondary progression (SP) during the following year. Objective Internal verification of the MSPS algorithm in a derivation cohort, the Gothenburg Incidence Cohort (GIC, n = 144) and external verification in the Uppsala MS cohort (UMS, n = 145). Methods Starting from their second relapse, patients were included and followed for 25 years. A matrix of MSPS values was created. From this matrix, a goodness-of-fit test and suitable diagnostic plots were derived to compare MSPS-calculated and observed outcomes (i.e. transition to SP). Results The median time to SP was slightly longer in the UMS than in the GIC, 15 vs. 11.5 years (p = 0.19). The MSPS was calibrated with multiplicative factors: 0.599 for the UMS and 0.829 for the GIC; the calibrated MSPS provided a good fit between expected and observed outcomes (chi-square p = 0.61 for the UMS), which indicated the model was not rejected. Conclusion The results suggest that the MSPS has clinically relevant generalizability in new cohorts, provided that the MSPS was calibrated to the actual overall SP incidence in the cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Skoog
- University of Gothenburg, the Sahlgrenska Academy, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Section of Clinical Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, Sweden
| | - J Link
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
| | - H Tedeholm
- University of Gothenburg, the Sahlgrenska Academy, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Section of Clinical Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, Sweden
| | - M Longfils
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden
| | - O Nerman
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden
| | - J Fagius
- Neurology, Department of Neuroscience, Uppsala University, Sweden
| | - O Andersen
- University of Gothenburg, the Sahlgrenska Academy, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Section of Clinical Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, Sweden
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11
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Link J, Kleist HJ, Henneberg U. A Data Collection Form for Intensive Care Units. Methods Inf Med 2018. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1635391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
The rationale for development of a data collection form for intensive care units is discussed. The form developed in our ICU to facilitate entry of data into video terminals -which document the course of each ICU patient is described. Substantial time saving and reduction in error incidence are obtained, especially so with respect to the coding of diagnoses. The diagnoses and operations are recorded as free text within the constraint of a computer format. For all other data, coding is included as part of the data sheet.
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12
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Link J, Ramanujam R, Auer M, Ryner M, Hässler S, Bachelet D, Mbogning C, Warnke C, Buck D, Hyldgaard Jensen PE, Sievers C, Ingenhoven K, Fissolo N, Lindberg R, Grummel V, Donnellan N, Comabella M, Montalban X, Kieseier B, Soelberg Sørensen P, Hartung HP, Derfuss T, Lawton A, Sikkema D, Pallardy M, Hemmer B, Deisenhammer F, Broët P, Dönnes P, Davidson J, Fogdell-Hahn A. Clinical practice of analysis of anti-drug antibodies against interferon beta and natalizumab in multiple sclerosis patients in Europe: A descriptive study of test results. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0170395. [PMID: 28170401 PMCID: PMC5295710 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0170395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Antibodies against biopharmaceuticals (anti-drug antibodies, ADA) have been a well-integrated part of the clinical care of multiple sclerosis (MS) in several European countries. ADA data generated in Europe during the more than 10 years of ADA monitoring in MS patients treated with interferon beta (IFNβ) and natalizumab have been pooled and characterized through collaboration within a European consortium. The aim of this study was to report on the clinical practice of ADA testing in Europe, considering the number of ADA tests performed and type of ADA assays used, and to determine the frequency of ADA testing against the different drug preparations in different countries. A common database platform (tranSMART) for querying, analyzing and storing retrospective data of MS cohorts was set up to harmonize the data and compare results of ADA tests between different countries. Retrospective data from six countries (Sweden, Austria, Spain, Switzerland, Germany and Denmark) on 20,695 patients and on 42,555 samples were loaded into tranSMART including data points of age, gender, treatment, samples, and ADA results. The previously observed immunogenic difference among the four IFNβ preparations was confirmed in this large dataset. Decreased usage of the more immunogenic preparations IFNβ-1a subcutaneous (s.c.) and IFNβ-1b s.c. in favor of the least immunogenic preparation IFNβ-1a intramuscular (i.m.) was observed. The median time from treatment start to first ADA test correlated with time to first positive test. Shorter times were observed for IFNβ-1b-Extavia s.c. (0.99 and 0.94 years) and natalizumab (0.25 and 0.23 years), which were introduced on the market when ADA testing was already available, as compared to IFNβ-1a i.m. (1.41 and 2.27 years), IFNβ-1b-Betaferon s.c. (2.51 and 1.96 years) and IFNβ-1a s.c. (2.11 and 2.09 years) which were available years before routine testing began. A higher rate of anti-IFNβ ADA was observed in test samples taken from older patients. Testing for ADA varies between different European countries and is highly dependent on the policy within each country. For drugs where routine monitoring of ADA is not in place, there is a risk that some patients remain on treatment for several years despite ADA positivity. For drugs where a strategy of ADA testing is introduced with the release of the drug, there is a reduced risk of having ADA positive patients and thus of less efficient treatment. This indicates that potential savings in health cost might be achieved by routine analysis of ADA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Link
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ryan Ramanujam
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- KTH – Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Michael Auer
- Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Malin Ryner
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Signe Hässler
- CESP, Université Paris-Sud, UVSQ, INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Delphine Bachelet
- CESP, Université Paris-Sud, UVSQ, INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Cyprien Mbogning
- CESP, Université Paris-Sud, UVSQ, INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Clemens Warnke
- Medical Faculty, Department of Neurology University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Dorothea Buck
- Department of Neurology, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | | | | | - Kathleen Ingenhoven
- Medical Faculty, Department of Neurology University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Nicolas Fissolo
- Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat), Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Verena Grummel
- Department of Neurology, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Manuel Comabella
- Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat), Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier Montalban
- Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat), Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Bernd Kieseier
- Medical Faculty, Department of Neurology University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Per Soelberg Sørensen
- Danish Multiple Sclerosis Center, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Hans-Peter Hartung
- Medical Faculty, Department of Neurology University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | | | - Andy Lawton
- GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Uxbridge, Middlesex, United Kingdom
| | - Dan Sikkema
- GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Uxbridge, Middlesex, United Kingdom
| | - Marc Pallardy
- INSERM UMR 996, Univ. Paris-Sud, Faculty of Pharmacy, Université Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Bernhard Hemmer
- Department of Neurology, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Philippe Broët
- CESP, Université Paris-Sud, UVSQ, INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
- Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif, France
| | | | - Julie Davidson
- GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Uxbridge, Middlesex, United Kingdom
| | - Anna Fogdell-Hahn
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- * E-mail:
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Bachelet D, Hässler S, Mbogning C, Link J, Ryner M, Ramanujam R, Auer M, Hyldgaard Jensen PE, Koch-Henriksen N, Warnke C, Ingenhoven K, Buck D, Grummel V, Lawton A, Donnellan N, Hincelin-Mery A, Sikkema D, Pallardy M, Kieseier B, Hemmer B, Hartung HP, Soelberg Sorensen P, Deisenhammer F, Dönnes P, Davidson J, Fogdell-Hahn A, Broët P. Occurrence of Anti-Drug Antibodies against Interferon-Beta and Natalizumab in Multiple Sclerosis: A Collaborative Cohort Analysis. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0162752. [PMID: 27806057 PMCID: PMC5091903 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0162752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 08/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunogenicity of biopharmaceutical products in multiple sclerosis is a frequent side effect which has a multifactorial etiology. Here we study associations between anti-drug antibody (ADA) occurrence and demographic and clinical factors. Retrospective data from routine ADA test laboratories in Sweden, Denmark, Austria and Germany (Dusseldorf group) and from one research study in Germany (Munich group) were gathered to build a collaborative multi-cohort dataset within the framework of the ABIRISK project. A subset of 5638 interferon-beta (IFNβ)-treated and 3440 natalizumab-treated patients having data on at least the first two years of treatment were eligible for interval-censored time-to-event analysis. In multivariate Cox regression, IFNβ-1a subcutaneous and IFNβ-1b subcutaneous treated patients were at higher risk of ADA occurrence compared to IFNβ-1a intramuscular-treated patients (pooled HR = 6.4, 95% CI 4.9-8.4 and pooled HR = 8.7, 95% CI 6.6-11.4 respectively). Patients older than 50 years at start of IFNβ therapy developed ADA more frequently than adult patients younger than 30 (pooled HR = 1.8, 95% CI 1.4-2.3). Men developed ADA more frequently than women (pooled HR = 1.3, 95% CI 1.1-1.6). Interestingly we observed that in Sweden and Germany, patients who started IFNβ in April were at higher risk of developing ADA (HR = 1.6, 95% CI 1.1-2.4 and HR = 2.4, 95% CI 1.5-3.9 respectively). This result is not confirmed in the other cohorts and warrants further investigations. Concerning natalizumab, patients older than 45 years had a higher ADA rate (pooled HR = 1.4, 95% CI 1.0-1.8) and women developed ADA more frequently than men (pooled HR = 1.4, 95% CI 1.0-2.0). We confirmed previously reported differences in immunogenicity of the different types of IFNβ. Differences in ADA occurrence by sex and age are reported here for the first time. These findings should be further investigated taking into account other exposures and biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delphine Bachelet
- CESP, Université Pa ris-Sud, UVSQ, INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Signe Hässler
- CESP, Université Pa ris-Sud, UVSQ, INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Cyprien Mbogning
- CESP, Université Pa ris-Sud, UVSQ, INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Jenny Link
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Clinical Neuroimmunology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Malin Ryner
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Clinical Neuroimmunology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ryan Ramanujam
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Clinical Neuroimmunology, Stockholm, Sweden
- KTH—Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Michael Auer
- Department of Neurology, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Poul Erik Hyldgaard Jensen
- Danish MS Center, Department of Neurology, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nils Koch-Henriksen
- Danish Multiple Sclerosis Registry, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Clemens Warnke
- University of Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty, Department of Neurology, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Kathleen Ingenhoven
- University of Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty, Department of Neurology, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Dorothea Buck
- Department of Neurology, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Verena Grummel
- Department of Neurology, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Andy Lawton
- GlaxoSmithKline, Uxbridge, Middlesex, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Dan Sikkema
- GlaxoSmithKline, Uxbridge, Middlesex, United Kingdom
| | - Marc Pallardy
- INSERM UMR 996, Univ. Paris-Sud, Faculty of Pharmacy, Université Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Bernd Kieseier
- University of Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty, Department of Neurology, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Bernard Hemmer
- Department of Neurology, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Hans Peter Hartung
- University of Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty, Department of Neurology, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Per Soelberg Sorensen
- Danish MS Center, Department of Neurology, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | | | | | - Anna Fogdell-Hahn
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Clinical Neuroimmunology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Philippe Broët
- CESP, Université Pa ris-Sud, UVSQ, INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
- Assistance Publique—Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif, France
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Rhead B, Bäärnhielm M, Gianfrancesco M, Mok A, Shao X, Quach H, Shen L, Schaefer C, Link J, Gyllenberg A, Hedström AK, Olsson T, Hillert J, Kockum I, Glymour MM, Alfredsson L, Barcellos LF. Mendelian randomization shows a causal effect of low vitamin D on multiple sclerosis risk. Neurol Genet 2016; 2:e97. [PMID: 27652346 PMCID: PMC5022843 DOI: 10.1212/nxg.0000000000000097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2016] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Objective: We sought to estimate the causal effect of low serum 25(OH)D on multiple sclerosis (MS) susceptibility that is not confounded by environmental or lifestyle factors or subject to reverse causality. Methods: We conducted mendelian randomization (MR) analyses using an instrumental variable (IV) comprising 3 single nucleotide polymorphisms found to be associated with serum 25(OH)D levels at genome-wide significance. We analyzed the effect of the IV on MS risk and both age at onset and disease severity in 2 separate populations using logistic regression models that controlled for sex, year of birth, smoking, education, genetic ancestry, body mass index at age 18–20 years or in 20s, a weighted genetic risk score for 110 known MS-associated variants, and the presence of one or more HLA-DRB1*15:01 alleles. Results: Findings from MR analyses using the IV showed increasing levels of 25(OH)D are associated with a decreased risk of MS in both populations. In white, non-Hispanic members of Kaiser Permanente Northern California (1,056 MS cases and 9,015 controls), the odds ratio (OR) was 0.79 (p = 0.04, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.64–0.99). In members of a Swedish population from the Epidemiological Investigation of Multiple Sclerosis and Genes and Environment in Multiple Sclerosis MS case-control studies (6,335 cases and 5,762 controls), the OR was 0.86 (p = 0.03, 95% CI: 0.76–0.98). A meta-analysis of the 2 populations gave a combined OR of 0.85 (p = 0.003, 95% CI: 0.76–0.94). No association was observed for age at onset or disease severity. Conclusions: These results provide strong evidence that low serum 25(OH)D concentration is a cause of MS, independent of established risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brooke Rhead
- Computational Biology Graduate Group (B.R.), Division of Epidemiology (M.G., A.M., X.S., H.Q., L.F.B.), School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley; Institute of Environmental Medicine (M.B., A.K.H., L.A.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Kaiser Permanente Division of Research (L.S., C.S., L.F.B.), Research Program on Genes, Environment, and Health (C.S.), Kaiser Permanente, Oakland, CA; Department of Clinical Neuroscience and Center for Molecular Medicine (J.L., A.G., T.O., J.H., I.K.), Karolinska Institutet at Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (M.M.G.), University of California, San Francisco; and Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine (L.A.), Stockholm County Council, Sweden
| | - Maria Bäärnhielm
- Computational Biology Graduate Group (B.R.), Division of Epidemiology (M.G., A.M., X.S., H.Q., L.F.B.), School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley; Institute of Environmental Medicine (M.B., A.K.H., L.A.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Kaiser Permanente Division of Research (L.S., C.S., L.F.B.), Research Program on Genes, Environment, and Health (C.S.), Kaiser Permanente, Oakland, CA; Department of Clinical Neuroscience and Center for Molecular Medicine (J.L., A.G., T.O., J.H., I.K.), Karolinska Institutet at Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (M.M.G.), University of California, San Francisco; and Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine (L.A.), Stockholm County Council, Sweden
| | - Milena Gianfrancesco
- Computational Biology Graduate Group (B.R.), Division of Epidemiology (M.G., A.M., X.S., H.Q., L.F.B.), School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley; Institute of Environmental Medicine (M.B., A.K.H., L.A.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Kaiser Permanente Division of Research (L.S., C.S., L.F.B.), Research Program on Genes, Environment, and Health (C.S.), Kaiser Permanente, Oakland, CA; Department of Clinical Neuroscience and Center for Molecular Medicine (J.L., A.G., T.O., J.H., I.K.), Karolinska Institutet at Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (M.M.G.), University of California, San Francisco; and Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine (L.A.), Stockholm County Council, Sweden
| | - Amanda Mok
- Computational Biology Graduate Group (B.R.), Division of Epidemiology (M.G., A.M., X.S., H.Q., L.F.B.), School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley; Institute of Environmental Medicine (M.B., A.K.H., L.A.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Kaiser Permanente Division of Research (L.S., C.S., L.F.B.), Research Program on Genes, Environment, and Health (C.S.), Kaiser Permanente, Oakland, CA; Department of Clinical Neuroscience and Center for Molecular Medicine (J.L., A.G., T.O., J.H., I.K.), Karolinska Institutet at Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (M.M.G.), University of California, San Francisco; and Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine (L.A.), Stockholm County Council, Sweden
| | - Xiaorong Shao
- Computational Biology Graduate Group (B.R.), Division of Epidemiology (M.G., A.M., X.S., H.Q., L.F.B.), School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley; Institute of Environmental Medicine (M.B., A.K.H., L.A.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Kaiser Permanente Division of Research (L.S., C.S., L.F.B.), Research Program on Genes, Environment, and Health (C.S.), Kaiser Permanente, Oakland, CA; Department of Clinical Neuroscience and Center for Molecular Medicine (J.L., A.G., T.O., J.H., I.K.), Karolinska Institutet at Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (M.M.G.), University of California, San Francisco; and Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine (L.A.), Stockholm County Council, Sweden
| | - Hong Quach
- Computational Biology Graduate Group (B.R.), Division of Epidemiology (M.G., A.M., X.S., H.Q., L.F.B.), School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley; Institute of Environmental Medicine (M.B., A.K.H., L.A.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Kaiser Permanente Division of Research (L.S., C.S., L.F.B.), Research Program on Genes, Environment, and Health (C.S.), Kaiser Permanente, Oakland, CA; Department of Clinical Neuroscience and Center for Molecular Medicine (J.L., A.G., T.O., J.H., I.K.), Karolinska Institutet at Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (M.M.G.), University of California, San Francisco; and Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine (L.A.), Stockholm County Council, Sweden
| | - Ling Shen
- Computational Biology Graduate Group (B.R.), Division of Epidemiology (M.G., A.M., X.S., H.Q., L.F.B.), School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley; Institute of Environmental Medicine (M.B., A.K.H., L.A.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Kaiser Permanente Division of Research (L.S., C.S., L.F.B.), Research Program on Genes, Environment, and Health (C.S.), Kaiser Permanente, Oakland, CA; Department of Clinical Neuroscience and Center for Molecular Medicine (J.L., A.G., T.O., J.H., I.K.), Karolinska Institutet at Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (M.M.G.), University of California, San Francisco; and Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine (L.A.), Stockholm County Council, Sweden
| | - Catherine Schaefer
- Computational Biology Graduate Group (B.R.), Division of Epidemiology (M.G., A.M., X.S., H.Q., L.F.B.), School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley; Institute of Environmental Medicine (M.B., A.K.H., L.A.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Kaiser Permanente Division of Research (L.S., C.S., L.F.B.), Research Program on Genes, Environment, and Health (C.S.), Kaiser Permanente, Oakland, CA; Department of Clinical Neuroscience and Center for Molecular Medicine (J.L., A.G., T.O., J.H., I.K.), Karolinska Institutet at Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (M.M.G.), University of California, San Francisco; and Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine (L.A.), Stockholm County Council, Sweden
| | - Jenny Link
- Computational Biology Graduate Group (B.R.), Division of Epidemiology (M.G., A.M., X.S., H.Q., L.F.B.), School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley; Institute of Environmental Medicine (M.B., A.K.H., L.A.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Kaiser Permanente Division of Research (L.S., C.S., L.F.B.), Research Program on Genes, Environment, and Health (C.S.), Kaiser Permanente, Oakland, CA; Department of Clinical Neuroscience and Center for Molecular Medicine (J.L., A.G., T.O., J.H., I.K.), Karolinska Institutet at Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (M.M.G.), University of California, San Francisco; and Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine (L.A.), Stockholm County Council, Sweden
| | - Alexandra Gyllenberg
- Computational Biology Graduate Group (B.R.), Division of Epidemiology (M.G., A.M., X.S., H.Q., L.F.B.), School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley; Institute of Environmental Medicine (M.B., A.K.H., L.A.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Kaiser Permanente Division of Research (L.S., C.S., L.F.B.), Research Program on Genes, Environment, and Health (C.S.), Kaiser Permanente, Oakland, CA; Department of Clinical Neuroscience and Center for Molecular Medicine (J.L., A.G., T.O., J.H., I.K.), Karolinska Institutet at Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (M.M.G.), University of California, San Francisco; and Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine (L.A.), Stockholm County Council, Sweden
| | - Anna Karin Hedström
- Computational Biology Graduate Group (B.R.), Division of Epidemiology (M.G., A.M., X.S., H.Q., L.F.B.), School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley; Institute of Environmental Medicine (M.B., A.K.H., L.A.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Kaiser Permanente Division of Research (L.S., C.S., L.F.B.), Research Program on Genes, Environment, and Health (C.S.), Kaiser Permanente, Oakland, CA; Department of Clinical Neuroscience and Center for Molecular Medicine (J.L., A.G., T.O., J.H., I.K.), Karolinska Institutet at Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (M.M.G.), University of California, San Francisco; and Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine (L.A.), Stockholm County Council, Sweden
| | - Tomas Olsson
- Computational Biology Graduate Group (B.R.), Division of Epidemiology (M.G., A.M., X.S., H.Q., L.F.B.), School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley; Institute of Environmental Medicine (M.B., A.K.H., L.A.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Kaiser Permanente Division of Research (L.S., C.S., L.F.B.), Research Program on Genes, Environment, and Health (C.S.), Kaiser Permanente, Oakland, CA; Department of Clinical Neuroscience and Center for Molecular Medicine (J.L., A.G., T.O., J.H., I.K.), Karolinska Institutet at Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (M.M.G.), University of California, San Francisco; and Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine (L.A.), Stockholm County Council, Sweden
| | - Jan Hillert
- Computational Biology Graduate Group (B.R.), Division of Epidemiology (M.G., A.M., X.S., H.Q., L.F.B.), School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley; Institute of Environmental Medicine (M.B., A.K.H., L.A.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Kaiser Permanente Division of Research (L.S., C.S., L.F.B.), Research Program on Genes, Environment, and Health (C.S.), Kaiser Permanente, Oakland, CA; Department of Clinical Neuroscience and Center for Molecular Medicine (J.L., A.G., T.O., J.H., I.K.), Karolinska Institutet at Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (M.M.G.), University of California, San Francisco; and Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine (L.A.), Stockholm County Council, Sweden
| | - Ingrid Kockum
- Computational Biology Graduate Group (B.R.), Division of Epidemiology (M.G., A.M., X.S., H.Q., L.F.B.), School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley; Institute of Environmental Medicine (M.B., A.K.H., L.A.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Kaiser Permanente Division of Research (L.S., C.S., L.F.B.), Research Program on Genes, Environment, and Health (C.S.), Kaiser Permanente, Oakland, CA; Department of Clinical Neuroscience and Center for Molecular Medicine (J.L., A.G., T.O., J.H., I.K.), Karolinska Institutet at Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (M.M.G.), University of California, San Francisco; and Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine (L.A.), Stockholm County Council, Sweden
| | - M Maria Glymour
- Computational Biology Graduate Group (B.R.), Division of Epidemiology (M.G., A.M., X.S., H.Q., L.F.B.), School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley; Institute of Environmental Medicine (M.B., A.K.H., L.A.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Kaiser Permanente Division of Research (L.S., C.S., L.F.B.), Research Program on Genes, Environment, and Health (C.S.), Kaiser Permanente, Oakland, CA; Department of Clinical Neuroscience and Center for Molecular Medicine (J.L., A.G., T.O., J.H., I.K.), Karolinska Institutet at Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (M.M.G.), University of California, San Francisco; and Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine (L.A.), Stockholm County Council, Sweden
| | - Lars Alfredsson
- Computational Biology Graduate Group (B.R.), Division of Epidemiology (M.G., A.M., X.S., H.Q., L.F.B.), School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley; Institute of Environmental Medicine (M.B., A.K.H., L.A.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Kaiser Permanente Division of Research (L.S., C.S., L.F.B.), Research Program on Genes, Environment, and Health (C.S.), Kaiser Permanente, Oakland, CA; Department of Clinical Neuroscience and Center for Molecular Medicine (J.L., A.G., T.O., J.H., I.K.), Karolinska Institutet at Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (M.M.G.), University of California, San Francisco; and Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine (L.A.), Stockholm County Council, Sweden
| | - Lisa F Barcellos
- Computational Biology Graduate Group (B.R.), Division of Epidemiology (M.G., A.M., X.S., H.Q., L.F.B.), School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley; Institute of Environmental Medicine (M.B., A.K.H., L.A.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Kaiser Permanente Division of Research (L.S., C.S., L.F.B.), Research Program on Genes, Environment, and Health (C.S.), Kaiser Permanente, Oakland, CA; Department of Clinical Neuroscience and Center for Molecular Medicine (J.L., A.G., T.O., J.H., I.K.), Karolinska Institutet at Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (M.M.G.), University of California, San Francisco; and Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine (L.A.), Stockholm County Council, Sweden
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Abstract
Purpose: To evaluate the outcome of our patients with central retinal artery occlusion after local fibrinolysis and to compare these data with results reported in the literature. Material and Methods: Over a period of 7 years, 22 patients (11 male, 11 female, mean age 64.6 ± 12.1 years) were treated with super-selective local fibrinolysis. In 1 case, treatment was carried out via the maxillary-ophthalmic anastomoses due to preexisting occlusion of the ipsilateral internal carotid artery. The latency period from the onset of symptoms to the beginning of therapy was 7.6 ± 1.8 h. Urokinase was used in 7 cases (300,000–1.1 million units) and recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (20–40 mg) was applied in 15 patients. Visual acuity and fundus were examined before and after treatment. Results: One patient (1/22 = 4.6%) recovered completely and regained a visual acuity of 20/20. Six patients (6/22 = 27.3%) showed a marked improvement with a range of visual outcome from 20/800 to 20/320. In 2 cases (2/22 = 9.1%) only a slight improvement was observed, with a visual outcome allowing detection of hand movements. In 13 cases (13/22 = 59.1%) no change in visual acuity as a result of treatment was observed. In 2/22 cases (9.2%) reversible neurological side-effects occurred, in 1 case suffered a stroke, and in another case intracerebral bleeding was observed. Conclusion: In our study, the recovery of visual acuity and the complication rate were not as positive as reported in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Butz
- Department of Radiology, University of Regensburg Hospital, Regensburg, Germany.
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Xiu J, Obeid E, Gatalica Z, Reddy S, Goldstein LJ, Link J, Waisman J. Abstract P3-07-26: Biomarker comparison between androgen receptor – Positive-triple-negative breast cancer (AR+ TNBC) and quadruple-negative breast cancer (QNBC). Cancer Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs15-p3-07-26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Quadruple-negative breast cancer (QNBC) is a subgroup of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) that lacks androgen receptor (AR) expression. While TNBC patients with AR expression have shown a promising response to AR-targeted therapies, QNBC patients' treatment options remain limited, with no targeted therapy We investigated the biomarker profiles of large cohorts of AR+TNBC and QNBC to identify their molecular differences.
Method: TNBC tumors (defined as negative by IHC for ER, PR, Her2 and ISH for Her2) referred to Caris Life Sciences (Phoenix, AZ) between 2009 and 2015 were evaluated by board-certified pathologists with a combination of immunohistochemistry (AR, cKIT, cMET, EGFR, ER, ERCC1, Her2, MGMT, PD-1, PD-L1, PGP, PR, PTEN, RRM1, SPARC, TLE3, TOPO2A, TOPO1, TS and TUBB3), fluorescent/chromogenic in-situ hybridization (cMET, EGFR, Her2, TOP2A), and sequencing (Next-generation and Sanger). Tumors evaluated included a mix of primary tumors and metastases. QNBC tumors were defined as TNBC tumors that showed negative AR expression (<10% of cells staining).
Results: Among 2,071 TNBC tumors identified, 1,952 tumors had AR IHC performed, out of which 1,612 (83%) were QNBC and 340 (17%) were AR+ TNBC tumors. Tumor expression of PD-L1 (Ab: SP142, Spring Bioscience/130021, R&D Systems, cutoff used: 2+, 5%) was significantly higher in QNBC compared to AR+TNBC tumors (18% vs. 8%, p=0.01), while PD-1 (Ab: NAT105, Ventana) expression on tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes was comparable between the two cohorts (60% vs. 62%). QNBC tumors were significantly more likely to express proteins of cKIT (26% vs. 15%, p=0.01), EGFR (69% vs. 56%, p=0.03), TS (49% vs. 33%, p<0.0001) and TOPO2A (85% vs. 65%, p<0.0001) compared to AR+TNBC. TLE3 expression was significantly higher in AR+TNBC cohorts (48% vs. 32%, p<0.0001). Sequencing reveals that QNBC tumors carried significantly higher mutation rate of TP53 (71% vs. 55%, p<0.0001) while AR+TNBC tumors showed significantly higher mutation rates of PIK3CA (42% vs. 12%, p<0.0001), AKT1 (13% vs. 1%, p<0.0001) as well as ERBB2 (5% vs. 1%, p=0.0003).
Conclusion:
Biomarker comparisons between two molecular subgroups of the TNBC tumors confirm the molecular heterogeneity of this aggressive type of breast cancer. Our biomarker results suggests that for AR+TNBC tumors, future clinical trial design can consider fluoropyrimidines, taxanes, and agents targeting PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway as well as pan-HER inhibitors, and those agents may be combined with anti-androgen therapies. On the other hand, clinical trials for immune checkpoint inhibitors, TOP2A inhibitors, as well as agents that target cKIT and EGFR should be considered for QNBC tumors. Our findings highlight the molecular differences that should be considered in the design of future clinical trial strategies, warranting further investigation for improving targeted therapy and outcomes in TNBC.
Citation Format: Xiu J, Obeid E, Gatalica Z, Reddy S, Goldstein LJ, Link J, Waisman J. Biomarker comparison between androgen receptor – Positive-triple-negative breast cancer (AR+ TNBC) and quadruple-negative breast cancer (QNBC). [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Eighth Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2015 Dec 8-12; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P3-07-26.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Xiu
- Caris Life Sciences, Phoenix, AZ; Breastlink Medical Group, Orange, CA; City of Hope Medical Onclogy, Duarte, CA; Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA
| | - E Obeid
- Caris Life Sciences, Phoenix, AZ; Breastlink Medical Group, Orange, CA; City of Hope Medical Onclogy, Duarte, CA; Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Z Gatalica
- Caris Life Sciences, Phoenix, AZ; Breastlink Medical Group, Orange, CA; City of Hope Medical Onclogy, Duarte, CA; Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA
| | - S Reddy
- Caris Life Sciences, Phoenix, AZ; Breastlink Medical Group, Orange, CA; City of Hope Medical Onclogy, Duarte, CA; Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA
| | - LJ Goldstein
- Caris Life Sciences, Phoenix, AZ; Breastlink Medical Group, Orange, CA; City of Hope Medical Onclogy, Duarte, CA; Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA
| | - J Link
- Caris Life Sciences, Phoenix, AZ; Breastlink Medical Group, Orange, CA; City of Hope Medical Onclogy, Duarte, CA; Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA
| | - J Waisman
- Caris Life Sciences, Phoenix, AZ; Breastlink Medical Group, Orange, CA; City of Hope Medical Onclogy, Duarte, CA; Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA
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Xiu J, Gatalica Z, Reddy S, Waisman J, Link J. Abstract P3-07-27: Distinct biomarker features in triple-negative breast cancer metastases to the brain, liver and bone. Cancer Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs15-p3-07-27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is characterized by its aggressive nature and accounts for a disproportionate number of metastatic disease cases and breast cancer-related deaths. Despite recent improvements, TNBC patients who develop metastatic diseases have limited treatment options. We investigated biomarkers from brain, liver and bone metastases collected from TNBC patients to identify therapeutic options and to examine molecular differences between the metastatic sites.
Method: Triple-negative breast cancer tumors referred to Caris Life Sciences (Phoenix, AZ) between 2009 and 2015 were tested with a combination of immunohistochemistry, fluorescent/chromogenic in-situ hybridization and sequencing (Next-generation and Sanger).
Result: 1570 TNBC tumors were analyzed, including 1297 tumors taken from breast, 54 from brain, 172 from liver and 47 from bone. Select biomarker frequencies of protein overexpression (IHC), gene amplification (ISH) and mutations (SEQ) are summarized in Table 1. Brain metastases showed the highest protein expression of TOPO2A and PDL1; liver metastases showed the highest expression of AR and SPARC, as well as the highest mutation rate of PIK3CA. Bone metastases showed the lowest expression of TS, RRM1 and ERCC1. BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation rates ranged from 0-11% in various specimen sites.
Table 1Biomarker and MethodBreast Metastases (%)Brain Metastases (%)Liver Metastases (%)Bone Metastases (%)p value[pound]TOP2A IHC76100[sect]7339<0.0001PDL1 IHC1540[sect]8170.03AR IHC151036[sect]260.0005SPARC IHC173040[sect]150.0027PIK3CA SEQ165.329[sect]250.036TS IHC[dagger]49542415[sect]<0.0001RRM1 IHC[dagger]39433216[sect]0.006ERCC1 IHC[dagger]35554816[sect]0.002BRCA1 SEQ708n/ansBRCA2 SEQ11114n/ans[sect]:the group with the highest frequency of actionable results; [pound]:p values are calculated from comparing the group with the highest frequency with the lowest frequency using two tailed Fisher-Exact test, further detailed statistical analysis will be presented;[dagger]:low levels predict response to associated drugs; Ns: non-significant, i.e., p >0.05; n/a: data not available due to low N
Conclusion: Distinct biomarker features identified in different metastatic sites in TNBC present the rationale to investigate differential treatment strategies. Based on biomarker results, etoposide, immune-modulatory agents may seem promising for brain metastases; anti-androgen therapies and nab-paclitaxel may be promising in treating liver metastases; while fluoropyrimidines, gemcitabine and platinum may be considered for TNBC patients with bone metastases.
Citation Format: Xiu J, Gatalica Z, Reddy S, Waisman J, Link J. Distinct biomarker features in triple-negative breast cancer metastases to the brain, liver and bone. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Eighth Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2015 Dec 8-12; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P3-07-27.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Xiu
- Caris Life Sciences, Phoenix, AZ; City of Hope Medical Oncology, Duarte, CA; Breastlink Medical Group, Orange, CA
| | - Z Gatalica
- Caris Life Sciences, Phoenix, AZ; City of Hope Medical Oncology, Duarte, CA; Breastlink Medical Group, Orange, CA
| | - S Reddy
- Caris Life Sciences, Phoenix, AZ; City of Hope Medical Oncology, Duarte, CA; Breastlink Medical Group, Orange, CA
| | - J Waisman
- Caris Life Sciences, Phoenix, AZ; City of Hope Medical Oncology, Duarte, CA; Breastlink Medical Group, Orange, CA
| | - J Link
- Caris Life Sciences, Phoenix, AZ; City of Hope Medical Oncology, Duarte, CA; Breastlink Medical Group, Orange, CA
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Mural Z, Kolnes M, Afshari H, Kollo L, Link J, Veinthal R. Fabrication and microstructural analysis of didymium–iron–boron magnet alloys with cerium additions. Proc Estonian Acad Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.3176/proc.2016.2.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Caminata A, Agostini M, Altenmüller K, Appel S, Bellini G, Benziger J, Berton N, Bick D, Bonfini G, Bravo D, Caccianiga B, Calaprice F, Cavalcante P, Chepurnov A, Cribier M, D'Angelo D, Davini S, Derbin A, Noto LD, Durero M, Empl A, Etenko A, Farinon S, Fischer V, Fomenko K, Franco D, Gabriele F, Gaffiot J, Galbiati C, Ghiano C, Giammarchi M, Göger-Neff M, Goretti A, Gromov M, Hagner C, Houdy T, Hungerford E, Ianni A, Ianni A, Jonquères N, Kaiser M, Kobychev V, Korablev D, Korga G, Kryn D, Lachenmaier T, Lasserre T, Laubenstein M, Lehnert B, Link J, Litvinovich E, Lombardi F, Lombardi P, Ludhova L, Lukyanchenko G, Machulin I, Maneschg W, Marcocci S, Maricic J, Mention G, Meroni E, Meyer M, Miramonti L, Misiaszek M, Montuschi M, Muratova V, Musenich R, Neumair B, Oberauer L, Obolensky M, Ortica F, Pallavicini M, Papp L, Perasso L, Pocar A, Ranucci G, Razeto A, Re A, Romani A, Rossi N, Schönert S, Scola L, Simgen H, Skorokhvatov M, Smirnov O, Sotnikov A, Sukhotin S, Suvorov Y, Tartaglia R, Testera G, Veyssière C, Vivier M, Vogelaar R, Feilitzsch FV, Wang H, Winter J, Wojcik M, Wurm M, Zaimidoroga O, Zavatarelli S, Zuber K, Zuzel G. Short distance neutrino oscillations with Borexino. EPJ Web of Conferences 2016. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/201612101002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Lawitz E, Freilich B, Link J, German P, Mo H, Han L, Brainard DM, McNally J, Marbury T, Rodriguez-Torres M. A phase 1, randomized, dose-ranging study of GS-5816, a once-daily NS5A inhibitor, in patients with genotype 1-4 hepatitis C virus. J Viral Hepat 2015; 22:1011-9. [PMID: 26183611 DOI: 10.1111/jvh.12435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2015] [Accepted: 05/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
GS-5816 is an inhibitor of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) NS5A protein that has demonstrated pan-genotypic activity and a high barrier to resistance in HCV replicon assays. The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety, antiviral activity and pharmacokinetics of once-daily doses of GS-5816 in patients with genotype 1-4 HCV infection. Patients with genotype 1-4 HCV infection were randomized to 3 days of GS-5816 at doses ranging from 5 to 150 mg or placebo. Adverse events were recorded, and plasma samples obtained for analysis of pharmacokinetics, HCV RNA and NS5A sequencing studies. GS-5816 5-150 mg for 3 days was well tolerated and resulted in rapid declines in HCV RNA that were sustained over the dosing period. In patients treated with the 150 mg dose of GS-5816, the mean maximal HCV RNA declines were 4.0, 4.0, 4.4, 3.3 and 3.5 log10 IU/mL in patients with genotype 1a, 1b, 2, 3 and 4 HCV infection, respectively. Pretreatment NS5A resistance-associated polymorphisms were detected in 31% (22/70) of patients. Genotype 1 and 3 HCV-infected patients without pretreatment NS5A resistance-associated polymorphisms had greater declines in HCV RNA than patients with resistance-associated polymorphisms. Plasma pharmacokinetics were supportive of once-daily dosing. GS-5816 demonstrated pangenotypic antiviral activity in patients with genotype 1-4 HCV infection. It will be further evaluated in combination with other pangenotypic direct-acting antivirals to achieve the goal of developing a well-tolerated, highly effective treatment for all HCV genotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Lawitz
- Texas Liver Institute, University of Texas Health Sciences Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - B Freilich
- Kansas City Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - J Link
- Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster City, CA, USA
| | - P German
- Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster City, CA, USA
| | - H Mo
- Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster City, CA, USA
| | - L Han
- Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster City, CA, USA
| | | | - J McNally
- Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster City, CA, USA
| | - T Marbury
- Orlando Clinical Research Center, Orlando, FL, USA
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Tirado C, Link J, Golden C, Amen D, Willeumier K, Taylor D. C-22SPECT Differences in the Factor of Disorganization/Impulsivity at Baseline and. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acv047.224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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22
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Link J, Messerly J, Driskell L, Pinjala M, Golden C. NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL DOMAINS: MEMORY AND AMNESIAC-40Simple Mediating Effects of Stroop Color Word Trial on the Association between Processing Speed and Immediate Memory. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acv047.242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Pinjala M, Link J, Golden C. NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL DOMAINS: ATTENTIONC-15Performance Decline on Digit Span Subtests as a Predictor of Task Vigilance. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acv047.217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Messerly J, Link J, Golden C. AGING AND DEMENTIA: OTHERB-15A Comparison of the Relationship between Trails B Variables to Driving Errors in an Older and Younger Adult Population. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acv047.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Driskell L, Pinjala M, Link J, Golden C. NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL DOMAINS: LANGUAGE AND APHASIAB-88The Relationship between Educational Level and the Boston Naming Test in Alzheimer's Patients. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acv047.183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Berglund R, Hedreul MT, Parsa R, Bergman P, Jagodic M, Olsson T, Cacais AOG, Link J, Khademi M, Kockum I, Becher J, Cecconi F. A novel connection of autophagy related gene 7 to multiple sclerosis and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. J Neuroimmunol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2014.08.366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Link J, Messerly J, Spearman C, Driskell L, Coad S, Amen D, Willeumier K, Taylor D, Golden C. C-09 * SPECT Differences between Those with Higher and Lower Levels of Aggression: An Exploratory Analysis. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acu038.190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Driskell L, Link J, Amen D, Willeumier K, Taylor D, Golden C. C-16 * A SPECT Exploratory Analysis of Differentiating Mania Symptomology Severity. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acu038.197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Messerly J, Link J, Coad S, Hayhurst H, Golden C. B-80 * The Relationship between WAIS-IV Perceptual Reasoning and Processing Speed Indices to Driving Tickets/Violations. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acu038.168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Messerly J, Link J, Hayhurst H, Roberts C, Amen D, Willeumier K, Taylor D, Golden C. C-19 * A Preliminary Investigation of SPECT Differences between Individuals with Varying Levels of Anxiety. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acu038.200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Sundqvist E, Buck D, Warnke C, Albrecht E, Gieger C, Khademi M, Lima Bomfim I, Fogdell-Hahn A, Link J, Alfredsson L, Søndergaard HB, Hillert J, Oturai AB, Hemme B, Kockum I, Olsson T. JC polyomavirus infection is strongly controlled by human leucocyte antigen class II variants. PLoS Pathog 2014; 10:e1004084. [PMID: 24763718 PMCID: PMC3999271 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1004084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2013] [Accepted: 03/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
JC polyomavirus (JCV) carriers with a compromised immune system, such as in HIV, or subjects on immune-modulating therapies, such as anti VLA-4 therapy may develop progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) which is a lytic infection of oligodendrocytes in the brain. Serum antibodies to JCV mark infection occur only in 50–60% of infected individuals, and high JCV-antibody titers seem to increase the risk of developing PML. We here investigated the role of human leukocyte antigen (HLA), instrumental in immune defense in JCV antibody response. Anti-JCV antibody status, as a surrogate for JCV infection, were compared to HLA class I and II alleles in 1621 Scandinavian persons with MS and 1064 population-based Swedish controls and associations were replicated in 718 German persons with MS. HLA-alleles were determined by SNP imputation, sequence specific (SSP) kits and a reverse PCR sequence-specific oligonucleotide (PCR-SSO) method. An initial GWAS screen displayed a strong HLA class II region signal. The HLA-DRB1*15 haplotype was strongly negatively associated to JCV sero-status in Scandinavian MS cases (OR = 0.42, p = 7×10−15) and controls (OR = 0.53, p = 2×10−5). In contrast, the DQB1*06:03 haplotype was positively associated with JCV sero-status, in Scandinavian MS cases (OR = 1.63, p = 0.006), and controls (OR = 2.69, p = 1×10−5). The German dataset confirmed these findings (OR = 0.54, p = 1×10−4 and OR = 1.58, p = 0.03 respectively for these haplotypes). HLA class II restricted immune responses, and hence CD4+ T cell immunity is pivotal for JCV infection control. Alleles within the HLA-DR1*15 haplotype are associated with a protective effect on JCV infection. Alleles within the DQB1*06:03 haplotype show an opposite association. These associations between JC virus antibody response and human leucocyte antigens supports the notion that CD4+ T cells are crucial in the immune defence to JCV and lays the ground for risk stratification for PML and development of therapy and prevention. JC virus infection can lead to progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in individuals with a compromised immune system, such as during HIV infections or when treated with immunosuppressive or immunomodulating therapies. Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy is a rare but potentially fatal disease characterized by progressive damage of the brain white matter at multiple locations. It is therefore of importance to understand the host genetic control of response to JC virus in order to identify patients that can be treated with immunomodulating therapies, common treatments for autoimmune diseases, without increased risk for progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. This may also lead to development of preventative or curative anti-JC virus therapies. We here identify genetic variants being associated with JC virus antibody development; a negative association with the human leucocyte antigen DRB1*15-DQA1*01:02-DQB1*06:02 haplotype and a positive association with the DRB1*13-DQA1*01:03-DQB1*06:03 haplotype among controls and patients with multiple sclerosis from Scandinavia. We confirmed the associations in patients with multiple sclerosis from Germany. These associations between JC virus antibody response and human leucocyte antigens imply that CD4+ T cells are crucial in the immune defence and lay the ground for development of therapy and prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Sundqvist
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Dorothea Buck
- Department of Neurology, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Clemens Warnke
- The Multiple Sclerosis Research Group, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Eva Albrecht
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Christian Gieger
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Mohsen Khademi
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Izaura Lima Bomfim
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Fogdell-Hahn
- The Multiple Sclerosis Research Group, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jenny Link
- The Multiple Sclerosis Research Group, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lars Alfredsson
- Institute for Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Helle Bach Søndergaard
- Danish Multiple Sclerosis Center, Department of Neurology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jan Hillert
- The Multiple Sclerosis Research Group, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Annette B. Oturai
- Danish Multiple Sclerosis Center, Department of Neurology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Bernhard Hemme
- Department of Neurology, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Ingrid Kockum
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- * E-mail:
| | - Tomas Olsson
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Link J, Lundkvist Ryner M, Fink K, Hermanrud C, Lima I, Brynedal B, Kockum I, Hillert J, Fogdell-Hahn A. Human leukocyte antigen genes and interferon beta preparations influence risk of developing neutralizing anti-drug antibodies in multiple sclerosis. PLoS One 2014; 9:e90479. [PMID: 24608124 PMCID: PMC3946519 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0090479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2013] [Accepted: 02/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A significant proportion of patients with multiple sclerosis who receive interferon beta (IFNβ) therapy develop neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) that reduce drug efficacy. To investigate if HLA class I and II alleles are associated with development of NAbs against IFNβ we analyzed whether NAb status and development of NAb titers high enough to be biologically relevant (>150 tenfold reduction units/ml) correlated with the HLA allele group carriage in a cohort of 903 Swedish patients with multiple sclerosis treated with either intramuscular IFNβ-1a, subcutaneous IFNβ-1a or subcutaneous IFNβ-1b. Carriage of HLA-DRB1*15 was associated with increased risk of developing NAbs and high NAb titers. After stratification based on type of IFNβ preparation, HLA-DRB1*15 carriage was observed to increase the risk of developing NAbs as well as high NAb titers against both subcutaneous and intramuscular IFNβ-1a. Furthermore, in patients receiving subcutaneous IFNβ-1a carriage of HLA-DQA1*05 decreased the risk for high NAb titers. In IFNβ-1b treated patients, HLA-DRB1*04 increased the risk of developing high NAb titers, and in a subgroup analysis of DRB1*04 alleles the risk for NAbs was increased in DRB1*04:01 carriers. In conclusion, there is a preparation-specific genetically determined risk to develop NAbs against IFNβ high enough to be clinically relevant in treatment decisions for patients with multiple sclerosis if confirmed in future studies. However, choice of IFNβ preparation still remains the single most significant determinant for the risk of developing NAbs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Link
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Malin Lundkvist Ryner
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- * E-mail:
| | - Katharina Fink
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christina Hermanrud
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Izaura Lima
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Boel Brynedal
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ingrid Kockum
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jan Hillert
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Fogdell-Hahn
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Beecham AH, Patsopoulos NA, Xifara DK, Davis MF, Kemppinen A, Cotsapas C, Shah TS, Spencer C, Booth D, Goris A, Oturai A, Saarela J, Fontaine B, Hemmer B, Martin C, Zipp F, D'Alfonso S, Martinelli-Boneschi F, Taylor B, Harbo HF, Kockum I, Hillert J, Olsson T, Ban M, Oksenberg JR, Hintzen R, Barcellos LF, Agliardi C, Alfredsson L, Alizadeh M, Anderson C, Andrews R, Søndergaard HB, Baker A, Band G, Baranzini SE, Barizzone N, Barrett J, Bellenguez C, Bergamaschi L, Bernardinelli L, Berthele A, Biberacher V, Binder TMC, Blackburn H, Bomfim IL, Brambilla P, Broadley S, Brochet B, Brundin L, Buck D, Butzkueven H, Caillier SJ, Camu W, Carpentier W, Cavalla P, Celius EG, Coman I, Comi G, Corrado L, Cosemans L, Cournu-Rebeix I, Cree BAC, Cusi D, Damotte V, Defer G, Delgado SR, Deloukas P, di Sapio A, Dilthey AT, Donnelly P, Dubois B, Duddy M, Edkins S, Elovaara I, Esposito F, Evangelou N, Fiddes B, Field J, Franke A, Freeman C, Frohlich IY, Galimberti D, Gieger C, Gourraud PA, Graetz C, Graham A, Grummel V, Guaschino C, Hadjixenofontos A, Hakonarson H, Halfpenny C, Hall G, Hall P, Hamsten A, Harley J, Harrower T, Hawkins C, Hellenthal G, Hillier C, Hobart J, Hoshi M, Hunt SE, Jagodic M, Jelčić I, Jochim A, Kendall B, Kermode A, Kilpatrick T, Koivisto K, Konidari I, Korn T, Kronsbein H, Langford C, Larsson M, Lathrop M, Lebrun-Frenay C, Lechner-Scott J, Lee MH, Leone MA, Leppä V, Liberatore G, Lie BA, Lill CM, Lindén M, Link J, Luessi F, Lycke J, Macciardi F, Männistö S, Manrique CP, Martin R, Martinelli V, Mason D, Mazibrada G, McCabe C, Mero IL, Mescheriakova J, Moutsianas L, Myhr KM, Nagels G, Nicholas R, Nilsson P, Piehl F, Pirinen M, Price SE, Quach H, Reunanen M, Robberecht W, Robertson NP, Rodegher M, Rog D, Salvetti M, Schnetz-Boutaud NC, Sellebjerg F, Selter RC, Schaefer C, Shaunak S, Shen L, Shields S, Siffrin V, Slee M, Sorensen PS, Sorosina M, Sospedra M, Spurkland A, Strange A, Sundqvist E, Thijs V, Thorpe J, Ticca A, Tienari P, van Duijn C, Visser EM, Vucic S, Westerlind H, Wiley JS, Wilkins A, Wilson JF, Winkelmann J, Zajicek J, Zindler E, Haines JL, Pericak-Vance MA, Ivinson AJ, Stewart G, Hafler D, Hauser SL, Compston A, McVean G, De Jager P, Sawcer SJ, McCauley JL. Analysis of immune-related loci identifies 48 new susceptibility variants for multiple sclerosis. Nat Genet 2013; 45:1353-60. [PMID: 24076602 PMCID: PMC3832895 DOI: 10.1038/ng.2770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 980] [Impact Index Per Article: 89.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2013] [Accepted: 09/03/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Using the ImmunoChip custom genotyping array, we analyzed 14,498 subjects with multiple sclerosis and 24,091 healthy controls for 161,311 autosomal variants and identified 135 potentially associated regions (P < 1.0 × 10(-4)). In a replication phase, we combined these data with previous genome-wide association study (GWAS) data from an independent 14,802 subjects with multiple sclerosis and 26,703 healthy controls. In these 80,094 individuals of European ancestry, we identified 48 new susceptibility variants (P < 5.0 × 10(-8)), 3 of which we found after conditioning on previously identified variants. Thus, there are now 110 established multiple sclerosis risk variants at 103 discrete loci outside of the major histocompatibility complex. With high-resolution Bayesian fine mapping, we identified five regions where one variant accounted for more than 50% of the posterior probability of association. This study enhances the catalog of multiple sclerosis risk variants and illustrates the value of fine mapping in the resolution of GWAS signals.
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Parke E, Hart J, Baldock D, Barchard K, Etcoff L, Allen D, Stolberg P, Nardi N, Cohen J, Jones W, Loe S, Etcoff L, Delgaty L, Tan A, Bunner M, Delgaty L, Tan A, Bunner M, Tan A, Delgaty L, Bunner M, Tan A, Delgaty L, Bunner M, Goodman G, Kim W, Nolty A, Marion S, Davis A, Finch W, Piehl J, Moss L, Nogin R, Dean R, Davis J, Lindstrom W, Poon M, Fonseca F, Bure-Reyes A, Stewart J, Golden C, Fonseca F, Bure-Reyes A, Stewart J, Golden C, Fields K, Hill B, Corley E, Russ K, Boettcher A, Musso M, Rohling M, Rowden A, Downing K, Benners M, Miller D, Maricle D, Dugbartey T, Anum A, Anderson J, Daniel M, Hoskins L, Gillis K, Khen S, Carter K, Ayers C, Neeland I, Cullum M, Weiner M, Rossetti H, Buddin W, Mahal S, Schroeder R, Baade L, Macaluso M, Phelps K, Evans C, Clark J, Vickery C, Chow J, Stokic D, Phelps K, Evans C, Watson S, Odom R, Clark J, Clark J, Odom R, Evans C, Vickery C, Thompson J, Noggle C, Kane C, Kecala N, Lane E, Raymond M, Woods S, Iudicello J, Dawson M, Ghias A, Choe M, Yudovin S, McArthur D, Asarnow R, Giza C, Babikian T, Tun S, O'Neil M, Ensley M, Storzbach D, Ellis R, O'Neil M, Carlson K, Storzbach D, Brenner L, Freeman M, Quinones A, Motu'apuaka M, Ensley M, Kansagara D, Brickell T, Grant I, Lange R, Kennedy J, Ivins B, Marshall K, Prokhorenko O, French L, Brickell T, Lange R, Bhagwat A, French L, Weber E, Nemeth D, Songy C, Gremillion A, Lange R, Brubacher J, Shewchuk J, Heran M, Jarrett M, Rauscher A, Iverson G, Woods S, Ukueberuwa D, Medaglia J, Hillary F, Meyer J, Vargas G, Rabinowitz A, Barwick F, Arnett P, Levan A, Gale S, Atkinson J, Boettcher A, Hill B, Rohling M, Stolberg P, Hart J, Allen D, Mayfield J, Ellis M, Marion SD, Houshyarnejad A, Grant I, Akarakian R, Kernan C, Babikian T, Asarnow R, Bens M, Fisher M, Garrett C, Vinogradov S, Walker K, Torstrick A, Uderman J, Wellington R, Zhao L, Fromm N, Dahdah M, Salisbury D, Monden K, Lande E, Wanlass R, Fong G, Smith K, Miele A, Novakovic-Agopian T, Chen A, Rome S, Rossi A, Abrams G, Murphy M, Binder D, Muir J, Carlin G, Loya F, Rabinovitz B, Bruhns M, Adler M, Schleicher-Dilks S, Messerly J, Babika C, Ukpabi C, Golden C, Schleicher-Dilks S, Coad S, Messerly J, Schaffer S, Babika C, Golden C, Cowad S, Paisley S, Fontanetta R, Messerly J, Golden C, Holder C, Kloezeman K, Henry B, Burns W, Patt V, Minassian A, Perry W, Cooper L, Allen D, Vogel S, Woolery H, Ciobanu C, Simone A, Bedard A, Olivier T, O'Neill S, Rajendran K, Halperin J, Rudd-Barnard A, Steenari M, Murry J, Le M, Becker T, Mucci G, Zupanc M, Shapiro E, Santos O, Cadavid N, Giese E, Londono N, Osmon D, Zamzow J, Culnan E, D'Argenio D, Mosti C, Spiers M, Schleicher-Dilks S, Kloss J, Curiel A, Miller K, Olmstead R, Gottuso A, Saucier C, Miller J, Dye R, Small G, Kent A, Andrews P, Puente N, Terry D, Faraco C, Brown C, Patel A, Siegel J, Miller L, Lee B, Joan M, Thaler N, Fontanetta R, Carla F, Allen D, Nguyen T, Glass L, Coles C, Julie K, May P, Sowell E, Jones K, Riley E, Demsky Y, Mattson S, Allart A, Freer B, Tiersky L, Sunderaraman P, Sylvester P, Ang J, Schultheis M, Newton S, Holland A, Burns K, Bunting J, Taylor J, Muetze H, Coe M, Harrison D, Putnam M, Tiersky L, Freer B, Holland A, Newton S, Sakamoto M, Bunting J, Taylor J, Coe M, Harrison D, Musso M, Hill B, Barker A, Pella R, Gouvier W, Davis J, Woods S, Wall J, Etherton J, Brand T, Hummer B, O'Shea C, Segovia J, Thomlinson S, Schulze E, Roskos P, Gfeller J, Loftis J, Fogel T, Barrera K, Sherzai A, Chappell A, Harrison A, Armstrong I, Flaro L, Pedersen H, Shultz LS, Roper B, Huckans M, Basso M, Silk-Eglit G, Stenclik J, Miele A, Lynch J, McCaffrey R, Silk-Eglit G, Stenclik J, Miele A, Lynch J, Musso M, McCaffrey R, Martin P, VonDran E, Baade L, Heinrichs R, Schroeder R, Hunter B, Calloway J, Rolin S, Akeson S, Westervelt H, Mohammed S, An K, Jeffay E, Zakzanis K, Lynch A, Drasnin D, Ikanga J, Graham O, Reid M, Cooper D, Long J, Lange R, Kennedy J, Hopewell C, Lukaszewska B, Pachalska M, Bidzan M, Lipowska M, McCutcheon L, Kaup A, Park J, Morgan E, Kenton J, Norman M, Martin P, Netson K, Woods S, Smith M, Paulsen J, Hahn-Ketter A, Paxton J, Fink J, Kelley K, Lee R, Pliskin N, Segala L, Vasilev G, Bozgunov K, Naslednikova R, Raynov I, Gonzalez R, Vassileva J, Bonilla X, Fedio A, Johnson K, Sexton J, Blackstone K, Weber E, Moore D, Grant I, Woods S, Pimental P, Welch M, Ring M, Stranks E, Crowe S, Jaehnert S, Ellis C, Prince C, Wheaton V, Schwartz D, Loftis J, Fuller B, Hoffman W, Huckans M, Turecka S, McKeever J, Morse C, Schultheis M, Dinishak D, Dasher N, Vik P, Hachey D, Bowman B, Van Ness E, Williams C, Zamzow J, Sunderaraman P, Kloss J, Spiers M, Swirsky-Sacchetti T, Alhassoon O, Taylor M, Sorg S, Schweinsburg B, Stricker N, Kimmel C, Grant I, Alhassoon O, Taylor M, Sorg S, Schweinsburg B, Stephan R, Stricker N, Grant I, Hertza J, Tyson K, Northington S, Loughan A, Perna R, Davis A, Collier M, Schroeder R, Buddin W, Schroeder R, Moore C, Andrew W, Ghelani A, Kim J, Curri M, Patel S, Denney D, Taylor S, Huberman S, Greenberg B, Lacritz L, Brown D, Hughes S, Greenberg B, Lacritz L, Vargas V, Upshaw N, Whigham K, Peery S, Casto B, Barker L, Otero T, La D, Nunan-Saah J, Phoong M, Gill S, Melville T, Harley A, Gomez R, Adler M, Tsou J, Schleicher-Dilks S, Golden C, Tsou J, Schleicher-Dilks S, Adler M, Golden C, Cowad S, Link J, Barker T, Gulliver K, Golden C, Young K, Moses J, Lum J, Vik P, Legarreta M, Van Ness E, Williams C, Dasher N, Williams C, Vik P, Dasher N, Van Ness E, Bowman B, Nakhutina L, Margolis S, Baek R, Gonzalez J, Hill F, England H, Horne-Moyer L, Stringer A, DeFilippis N, Lyon A, Giovannetti T, Fanning M, Heverly-Fitt S, Stambrook E, Price C, Selnes O, Floyd T, Vogt E, Thiruselvam I, Quasney E, Hoelzle J, Grant N, Moses J, Matevosyan A, Delano-Wood L, Alhassoon O, Hanson K, Lanni E, Luc N, Kim R, Schiehser D, Benners M, Downing K, Rowden A, Miller D, Maricle D, Kaminetskaya M, Moses J, Tai C, Kaminetskaya M, Melville T, Poole J, Scott R, Hays F, Walsh B, Mihailescu C, Douangratdy M, Scott B, Draffkorn C, Andrews P, Schmitt A, Waksmunski C, Brady K, Andrews A, Golden C, Olivier T, Espinoza K, Sterk V, Spengler K, Golden C, Olivier T, Spengler K, Sterk V, Espinoza K, Golden C, Gross J, DeFilippis N, Neiman-Kimel J, Romers C, Isaacs C, Soper H, Sordahl J, Tai C, Moses J, D'Orio V, Glukhovsky L, Beier M, Shuman M, Spat J, Foley F, Guatney L, Bott N, Moses J, Miranda C, Renteria MA, Rosario A, Sheynin J, Fuentes A, Byrd D, Mindt MR, Batchelor E, Meyers J, Patt V, Thomas M, Minassian A, Geyer M, Brown G, Perry W, Smith C, Kiefel J, Rooney A, Gouaux B, Ellis R, Grant I, Moore D, Graefe A, Wyman-Chick K, Daniel M, Beene K, Jaehnert S, Choi A, Moses J, Iudicello J, Henry B, Minassian A, Perry W, Marquine M, Morgan E, Letendre S, Ellis R, Woods S, Grant I, Heaton R, Constantine K, Fine J, Palewjala M, Macher R, Guatney L, Earleywine M, Draffkorn C, Scott B, Andrews P, Schmitt A, Dudley M, Silk-Eglit G, Stenclik J, Miele A, Lynch J, McCaffrey R, Scharaga E, Gomes W, McGinley J, Miles-Mason E, Colvin M, Carrion L, Romers C, Soper H, Zec R, Kohlrus S, Fritz S, Robbs R, Ala T, Zec R, Fritz S, Kohlrus S, Robbs R, Ala T, Edwards M, Hall J, O'Bryant S, Miller J, Dye R, Miller K, Baerresen K, Small G, Moskowitz J, Puente A, Ahmed F, Faraco C, Brown C, Evans S, Chu K, Miller L, Young-Bernier M, Tanguay A, Tremblay F, Davidson P, Duda B, Puente A, Terry D, Kent A, Patel A, Miller L, Junod A, Marion SD, Harrington M, Fonteh A, Gurnani A, John S, Gavett B, Diaz-Santos M, Mauro S, Beaute J, Cronin-Golomb A, Fazeli P, Gouaux B, Rosario D, Heaton R, Moore D, Puente A, Lindbergh C, Chu K, Evans S, Terry D, Duda B, Mackillop J, Miller S, Greco S, Klimik L, Cohen J, Robbins J, Lashley L, Schleicher-Dilks S, Golden C, Kunkes I, Culotta V, Kunkes I, Griffits K, Loughan A, Perna R, Hertza J, Cohen M, Northington S, Tyson K, Musielak K, Fine J, Kaczorowski J, Doty N, Braaten E, Shah S, Nemanim N, Singer E, Hinkin C, Levine A, Gold A, Evankovich K, Lotze T, Yoshida H, O'Bryan S, Roberg B, Glusman M, Ness A, Thelen J, Wilson L, Feaster T, Bruce J, Lobue C, Brown D, Hughes S, Greenberg B, Lacritz L, Bristow-Murray B, Andrews A, Bermudez C, Golden C, Moore R, Pulver A, Patterson T, Bowie C, Harvey P, Jeste D, Mausbach B, Wingo J, Fink J, Lee R, Pliskin N, Legenkaya A, Henry B, Minassian A, Perry W, McKeever J, Morse C, Thomas F, Schultheis M, Ruocco A, Daros A, Gill S, Grimm D, Saini G, Relova R, Hoblyn J, Lee T, Stasio C, Mahncke H, Drag L, Grimm D, Gill S, Saini G, Relova R, Hoblyn J, Lee T, Stasio C, Mahncke H, Drag L, Verbiest R, Ringdahl E, Thaler N, Sutton G, Vogel S, Reyes A, Ringdahl E, Vogel S, Freeman A, Call E, Allen D, March E, Salzberg M, Vogel S, Ringdahl E, Freeman A, Dadis F, Allen D, Sisk S, Ringdahl E, Vogel S, Freeman A, Allen D, DiGangi J, Silva L, Pliskin N, Thieme B, Daniel M, Jaehnert S, Noggle C, Thompson J, Kecala N, Lane E, Kane C, Noggle C, Thompson J, Lane E, Kecala N, Kane C, Palmer G, Happe M, Paxson J, Jurek B, Graca J, Olson S, Melville T, Harley A, La D, Phoong M, Gill S, Jocson VA, Nunan-Saah J, Keller J, Gomez R, Melville T, Kaminetskaya M, Poole J, Vernon A, Van Vleet T, DeGutis J, Chen A, Marini C, Dabit S, Gallegos J, Zomet A, Merzenich M, Thaler N, Linck J, Heyanka D, Pastorek N, Miller B, Romesser J, Sim A, Allen D, Zimmer A, Marcinak J, Hibyan S, Webbe F, Rainwater B, Francis J, Baum L, Sautter S, Donders J, Hui E, Barnes K, Walls G, Erikson S, Bailie J, Schwab K, Ivins B, Boyd C, Neff J, Cole W, Lewis S, Bailie J, Schwab K, Ivins B, Boyd C, Neff J, Cole W, Lewis S, Ramirez C, Oganes M, Gold S, Tanner S, Pina D, Merritt V, Arnett P, Heyanka D, Linck J, Thaler N, Pastorek N, Miller B, Romesser J, Sim A, Parks A, Roskos P, Gfeller J, Clark A, Isham K, Carter J, McLeod J, Romero R, Dahdah M, Barisa M, Schmidt K, Barnes S, Dubiel R, Dunklin C, Harper C, Callender L, Wilson A, Diaz-Arrastia R, Shafi S, Jacquin K, Bolshin L, Jacquin K, Romers C, Gutierrez E, Messerly J, Tsou J, Adler M, Golden C, Harmell A, Mausbach B, Moore R, Depp C, Jeste D, Palmer B, Hoadley R, Hill B, Rohling M, Mahdavi S, Fine J, daCruz K, Dinishak D, Richardson G, Vertinski M, Allen D, Mayfield J, Margolis S, Miele A, Rabinovitz B, Schaffer S, Kline J, Boettcher A, Hill B, Hoadley R, Rohling M, Eichstaedt K, Vale F, Benbadis S, Bozorg A, Rodgers-Neame N, Rinehardt E, Mattingly M, Schoenberg M, Fares R, Fares R, Carrasco R, Grups J, Evans B, Simco E, Mittenberg W, Carrasco R, Grups J, Evans B, Simco E, Mittenberg W, Rach A, Baughman B, Young C, Bene E, Irwin C, Li Y, Poulin R, Jerram M, Susmaras T, Gansler D, Ashendorf L, Miarmi L, Fazio R, Cantor J, Fernandez A, Godoy-Garcete G, Marchetti P, Harrison A, Armstrong I, Harrison L, Iverson G, Brinckman D, Ayaz H, Schultheis M, Heinly M, Vitelli K, Russler K, Sanchez I, Jones W, Loe S, Raines T, Hart J, Bene E, Li Y, Irwin C, Baughman B, Rach A, Bravo J, Schilling B, Weiss L, Lange R, Shewchuk J, Heran M, Rauscher A, Jarrett M, Brubacher J, Iverson G, Zink D, Barney S, Gilbert G, Allen D, Martin P, Schroeder R, Klas P, Jeffay E, Zakzanis K, Iverson G, Lanting S, Saffer B, Koehle M, Palmer B, Barrio C, Vergara R, Muniz M, Pinto L, Jeste D, Stenclik J, Lynch J, McCaffrey R, Shultz LS, Pedersen H, Roper B, Crouse E, Crucian G, Dezhkam N, Mulligan K, Singer R, Psihogios A, Davis A, Stephens B, Love C, Mulligan K, Webbe F, West S, McCue R, Goldin Y, Cicerone K, Ruchinskas R, Seidl JT, Massman P, Tam J, Schmitter-Edgecombe M, Baerresen K, Hanson E, Miller K, Miller J, Yeh D, Kim J, Ercoli L, Siddarth P, Small G, Noback M, Noback M, Baldock D, Mahmoud S, Munic-Miller D, Bonner-Jackson A, Banks S, Rabin L, Emerson J, Smith C, Roberts R, Hass S, Duhig A, Pankratz V, Petersen R, Leibson C, Harley A, Melville T, Phoong M, Gill S, Nunan-Saah J, La D, Gomez R, Lindbergh C, Puente A, Gray J, Chu K, Evans S, Sweet L, MacKillop J, Miller L, McAlister C, Schmitter-Edgecombe M, Baldassarre M, Kamm J, Wolff D, Dombrowski C, Bullard S, Edwards M, Hall J, Parsons T, O'Bryant S, Lawson R, Papadakis A, Higginson C, Barnett J, Wills M, Strang J, Dominska A, Wallace G, Kenworthy L, Bott N, Kletter H, Carrion V, Ward C, Getz G, Peer J, Baum C, Edner B, Mannarino A, Casnar C, Janke K, van der Fluit F, Natalie B, Haberman D, Solomon M, Hunter S, Klein-Tasman B, Starza-Smith A, Talbot E, Hart A, Hall M, Baker J, Kral M, Lally M, Zisk A, Lo T, Ross P, Cuevas M, Patel S, Lebby P, Mouanoutoua A, Harrison J, Pollock M, Mathiowetz C, Romero R, Boys C, Vekaria P, Vasserman M, MacAllister W, Stevens S, Van Hecke A, Carson A, Karst J, Schohl K, Dolan B, McKindles R, Remel R, Reveles A, Fritz N, McDonald G, Wasisco J, Kahne J, Hertza J, Tyson K, Northington S, Loughan A, Perna R, Newman A, Garmoe W, Clark J, Loughan A, Perna R, Hertza J, Cohen M, Northington S, Tyson K, Whithers K, Puente A, Dedmon A, Capps J, Lindsey H, Francis M, Weigand L, Steed A, Puente A, Edmed S, Sullivan K, Puente A, Lindsey H, Dedmon A, Capps J, Whithers K, Weigand L, Steed A, Kark S, Lafleche G, Brown T, Bogdanova Y, Strongin E, Spickler C, Drasnin D, Strongin C, Poreh A, Houshyarnejad A, Ellis M, Babikian T, Kernan C, Asarnow R, Didehbani N, Cullum M, Loneman L, Mansinghani S, Hart J, Fischer J. POSTER SESSIONS SCHEDULE. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/arclin/act054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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O'Sullivan F, Muzi M, Huang J, Eary J, Link J, Krohn K. 261 A Fully Automatic Procedure for Image Derived Blood Extraction, Including Assessment of Metabolite, in Dynamic PET Fluorothymidine (FLT) Studies. Eur J Cancer 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(12)72059-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Choi YJ, Gabikian P, Zhu F, Appelbaum DE, Wollmann RL, Lukas RV, Xu LW, Thomas RP, Lober RM, Nagpal S, Li G, Megyesi JF, Macdonald D, Chaudhary N, Berghoff AS, Spanberger T, Magerle M, Dinhof C, Woehrer A, Hackl M, Birner P, Widhalm G, Marosi C, Prayer D, Preusser M, Kamson DO, Juhasz C, Buth A, Kupsky WJ, Muzik O, Robinette NL, Barger GR, Mittal S, Kinoshita M, Hirayama R, Chiba Y, Kagawa N, Nonaka M, Kanemura Y, Kishima H, Nakajima S, Hatazawa J, Hashimoto N, Yoshimine T, Kim EH, Kim SH, Nowosielski M, Hutterer M, Putzer D, Iglseder S, Seiz M, Jacobs AH, Gobel G, Stockhammer G, Hutterer M, Nowosielski M, Putzer D, Iglseder S, Seiz M, Jacobs AH, Gobel G, Stockhammer G, Juhasz C, Buth A, Kamson DO, Kupsky WJ, Barger GR, Mittal S, Zach L, Guez D, Last D, Daniels D, Grober Y, Nissim O, Hoffman C, Nass D, Spiegelmann R, Cohen ZR, Mardor Y, Mittal S, Buth A, Kupsky WJ, Kamson DO, Barger GR, Juhasz C, Perreault S, Lober RM, Zhang GH, Hershon L, Decarie JC, Yeom K, Vogel H, Partap S, Carret AS, Fisher PG, Colen RR, Changlai T, Sathyan P, Gutman D, Zinn P, Colen RR, Kovacs A, Zinn P, Jolesz F, Colen RR, Zinn P, Asthagiri A, Vasquez R, Butman J, Wu T, Morgan K, Brewer C, King K, Zalewski C, Jeffrey Kim H, Lonser R, Akbari H, Da X, Macyszyn L, Verma R, Wolf RL, Bilello M, Melhem ER, O'Rourke DM, Davatzikos C, Liu X, Madhankumar AB, Miller PA, Duck KA, Hafenstein S, Rizk E, Sheehan JM, Connor JR, Yang QX, Fouke SJ, Weinberger K, Kelsey M, Cholleti S, Politte D, Marcus D, Boyd A, Keogh B, Benzinger T, Milchenko M, Kim L, Prior F, Kim LM, Commean P, Boyd A, Milchenko M, Politte D, Chicoine M, Rich K, Benzinger T, Marcus D, Jost S, Fatterpekar G, Raz E, Knopp E, Gruber M, Parker E, Golfinos J, Zagzag D, Parker E, Fatterpekar G, Raz E, Narayana A, Johnson G, Placantonakis D, Zagzag D, Wen Q, Essock-Burns E, Li Y, Chang S, Nelson SJ, Li Y, Larson P, Chen A, Lupo JM, Kelley D, Chang S, Nelson SJ, Li Y, Lupo JM, Parvataneni R, Lamborn K, Cha S, Chang S, Nelson SJ, Jalbert LE, Elkhaled A, Phillips JJ, Williams C, Cha S, Berger MS, Chang SM, Nelson SJ, Damek DM, Ney DE, Borges MT, Colantoni W, Bert R, Huang R, Chen C, Mukundan S, Wen P, Norden A, Andre JB, Schmiedeskamp H, Thomas RP, Feroze A, Nagpal S, Zaharchuk G, Straka M, Recht L, Bammer R, Rockhill J, Mrugala M, Fink J, Rostomily R, Link J, Muzi M, Eary J, Krohn K, Perreault S, Lober RM, Partap S, Carret AS, Fisher FG, Ellingson BM, Pope WB, Boxerman JL, Harris RJ, Lai A, Nghiemphu PL, Jeyapalan S, Safran H, Kruse CA, Liau LM, Cloughesy TF, Harris RJ, Cloughesy TF, Lai A, Nghiemphu PL, Pope WB, Ellingson BM, Elkhaled A, Phillips J, Chang SM, Cha S, Nelson SJ. CLIN-RADIOLOGY. Neuro Oncol 2012; 14:vi120-vi128. [PMCID: PMC3488790 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nos236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
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Valluru R, Link J, Claupein W. Consequences of early chilling stress in two Triticum species: plastic responses and adaptive significance. Plant Biol (Stuttg) 2012; 14:641-51. [PMID: 22309058 DOI: 10.1111/j.1438-8677.2011.00540.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Phenotypic plasticity of two primitive wheat species (Triticum monococcum L. and Triticum dicoccum S.) was studied in response to early chilling stress. Selection pressure differentials, gradients and plasticity costs on plant morphogenesis, growth and reserve carbohydrate consumption were estimated. Regression analysis was applied to investigate differential developmental changes and patterns between treatments. Four-day-old seedlings of T. monococcum and T. dicoccum, differing in plant stature and reserve carbohydrates, were given an early chilling temperature (4 °C for 42 day) and compared with control plants grown at 23 °C. Early chilling stress resulted in a significant increase in leaf mass ratio (LMR) and relative growth rate (RGR), a reduction in flag leaf size, total biomass, specific leaf area (SLA) and reserve carbohydrate storage at flowering, together with advanced onset of flowering. Selection pressure within the early chilling environment favoured early flowering, smaller SLA, higher LMR and lower reserve carbohydrates, suggesting the observed responses were adaptive. Furthermore, a regression of daily cumulative plant biomass derived from a crop growth simulation model (CERES-Wheat) on crop vegetation period revealed a divergent developmental pattern in early-chilled plants. Using selection pressure gradient analysis, we found similar responses among these traits, except for SLA and sucrose, indicating that these two traits have indirect effects on fitness. Thus, the total effects of SLA and reserve sucrose on relative fitness seem to be buffered via the rapid growth rate in chilled plants. While lower SLA may reduce early chilling stress effects at an individual leaf level, a higher LMR and use of reserve carbohydrates indicated that compensatory growth of chilled plants during the recovery period relied on the concerted action of altered resource allocation and reserve carbohydrate consumption. However, a significant cost of plasticity was evident only for flowering time, LMR and fructan levels in the early chilling environment. Our results demonstrate that morphological and intrinsic developmental (ontogenetic) patterns in two Triticum species respond to early chilling stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Valluru
- Institute of Crop Science, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany.
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Link J, Kockum I, Lorentzen AR, Lie BA, Celius EG, Westerlind H, Schaffer M, Alfredsson L, Olsson T, Brynedal B, Harbo HF, Hillert J. Importance of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I and II alleles on the risk of multiple sclerosis. PLoS One 2012; 7:e36779. [PMID: 22586495 PMCID: PMC3346735 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0036779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2011] [Accepted: 04/06/2012] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a complex disease of the central nervous system of unknown etiology. The human leukocyte antigen (HLA) locus on chromosome 6 confers a considerable part of the susceptibility to MS, and the most important factor is the class II allele HLA-DRB1*15:01. In addition, we and others have previously established a protective effect of HLA-A*02. Here, we genotyped 1,784 patients and 1,660 healthy controls from Scandinavia for the HLA-A, HLA-B, HLA-C and HLA-DRB1 genes and investigated their effects on MS risk by logistic regression. Several allele groups were found to exert effects independently of DRB1*15 and A*02, in particular DRB1*01 (OR = 0.82, p = 0.034) and B*12 (including B*44/45, OR = 0.76, p = 0.0028), confirming previous reports. Furthermore, we observed interaction between allele groups: DRB1*15 and DRB1*01 (multiplicative: OR = 0.54, p = 0.0041; additive: AP = 0.47, p = 4 × 10(-06)), DRB1*15 and C*12 (multiplicative: OR = 0.37, p = 0.00035; additive: AP = 0.58, p = 2.6 × 10(-05)), indicating that the effect size of these allele groups varies when taking DRB1*15 into account. Analysis of inferred haplotypes showed that almost all DRB1*15 bearing haplotypes were risk haplotypes, and that all A*02 bearing haplotypes were protective as long as they did not carry DRB1*15. In contrast, we found one class I haplotype, carrying A*02-C*05-B*12, which abolished the risk of DRB1*15. In conclusion, these results confirms a complex role of HLA class I and II genes that goes beyond DRB1*15 and A*02, in particular by including all three classical HLA class I genes as well as functional interactions between DRB1*15 and several alleles of DRB1 and class I genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Link
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Fink K, Lundkvist M, Link J, Kockum I, Hermanrud C, Brynedal B, Hillert J, Fogdell-Hahn A. Investigation of the Effect of Human Leukocyte Antigen on the Development of Neutralizing Antibodies in Interferon-beta Treated Patients with Multiple Sclerosis (*The First Three Authors Contributed Equally to This Work) (P05.121). Neurology 2012. [DOI: 10.1212/wnl.78.1_meetingabstracts.p05.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Lundström W, Greiner E, Lundmark F, Westerlind H, Smestad C, Lorentzen ÅR, Kockum I, Link J, Brynedal B, Celius EG, Harbo HF, Masterman T, Hillert J. No influence on disease progression of non-HLA susceptibility genes in MS. J Neuroimmunol 2011; 237:98-100. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2011.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2011] [Revised: 05/03/2011] [Accepted: 05/06/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Mankoff DA, Linden HM, Link J, Kurland BF, Schubert EK, Peterson L, Gadi VK, Specht JM, Shankar L, Eary JF. NCI-sponsored phase II study of [18f]fluoroestradiol (FES) as a marker of hormone sensitivity of metastatic breast cancer: Initial results. J Clin Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2011.29.15_suppl.e11104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Link J, Lorentzen AR, Kockum I, Duvefelt K, Lie BA, Celius EG, Harbo HF, Hillert J, Brynedal B. Two HLA class I genes independently associated with multiple sclerosis. J Neuroimmunol 2010; 226:172-6. [PMID: 20678810 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2010.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2009] [Revised: 04/09/2010] [Accepted: 07/09/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The risk of multiple sclerosis (MS) is influenced by HLA-DRB1, while protective effects have been proposed for HLA-A*02 and HLA-C*05. Our aim was to further understand the role of HLA class I in MS through a comprehensive investigation. METHODS 1529 MS patients and 1814 controls from Sweden and Norway were genotyped for HLA-DRB1, HLA-A, and HLA-C. Simultaneous analysis of all alleles while adjusting for confounding was achieved using logistic regression. RESULTS We observed independent effects of all three genes. We confirm the HLA-A*02 (OR=0.73, p=9.2 x 10(-4)) association and report a novel effect of HLA-C*08 (OR=1.85, p=0.0093). CONCLUSIONS The HLA class I region contains two factors modulating MS risk, characterized by independent associations with HLA-A and HLA-C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Link
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, CMM L8:00, SE-17176 Stockholm, Sweden.
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Ramagopalan SV, Link J, Byrnes JK, Dyment DA, Giovannoni G, Hintzen RQ, Sundqvist E, Kockum I, Smestad C, Lie BA, Harbo HF, Padyukov L, Alfredsson L, Olsson T, Sadovnick AD, Hillert J, Ebers GC. HLA-DRB1 and month of birth in multiple sclerosis. Neurology 2009; 73:2107-11. [DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0b013e3181c679f3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Capri G, Chang J, Chen SC, Conte P, Cwiertka K, Jerusalem G, Jiang Z, Johnston S, Kaufman B, Link J, Ro J, Schütte J, Oliva C, Parikh R, Preston A, Rosenlund J, Selzer M, Zembryki D, De Placido S. An open-label expanded access study of lapatinib and capecitabine in patients with HER2-overexpressing locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer. Ann Oncol 2009; 21:474-480. [PMID: 19815649 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdp373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Lapatinib Expanded Access Program (LEAP) was designed to provide access to lapatinib plus capecitabine for HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer patients who previously received an anthracycline, a taxane, and a trastuzumab and had no other treatment options. PATIENTS AND METHODS LEAP opened globally and enrollment continued until lapatinib received regulatory approval in each participating country. Patients were assessed for progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) and monitored for serious adverse events (SAEs). RESULTS As of 30 September 2008, 4283 patients from 45 countries enrolled in LEAP. The median treatment duration was 24.7 weeks. The most common drug-related SAEs were diarrhea (9.7%), vomiting (4.3%), and nausea (2.4%) and were mainly grade 3 or higher. The incidences of special interest SAEs were decreased left ventricle ejection fraction (0.5%), interstitial lung disease/pneumonitis (0.2%), and serious hepatobiliary events (0.4%). This safety profile is consistent with the overall lapatinib program. The median PFS and OS were 21.1 [95% confidence interval (CI) = 20.1-22.3] and 39.6 (95% CI = 37.7-40.7) weeks, respectively (n = 4006). Subgroup analysis showed longer PFS and OS in patients who had not received prior capecitabine. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate the safety and efficacy of lapatinib in a broader patient population compared with a clinical trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Capri
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Tumori, Milano, Italy.
| | - J Chang
- Medical Oncology Program, RS McLaughlin Durham Regional Cancer Centre, Oshawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - S-C Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - P Conte
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Universita degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - K Cwiertka
- Department of Oncology, Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - G Jerusalem
- Department of Medical Oncology, CHU Liège Hospital du Sart-Tilman, Liège, Belgium
| | - Z Jiang
- Breast Cancer Department, The Hospital Associated With Military Medical Science, Beijing, China
| | - S Johnston
- Department of Medical Oncology, Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust & Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - B Kaufman
- Breast Cancer Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - J Link
- Breast Link Medical Group, Inc., Long Beach, CA, USA
| | - J Ro
- Breast and Endocrine Cancer Branch, National Cancer Center, Kyunggi-do, South Korea
| | - J Schütte
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Marien Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - C Oliva
- Oncology Medicine Development Center, GlaxoSmithKline, Uxbridge, Middlesex, UK
| | - R Parikh
- Oncology Medicine Development Center, GlaxoSmithKline, Uxbridge, Middlesex, UK
| | - A Preston
- Oncology Medicine Development Center, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, PA, USA
| | - J Rosenlund
- Oncology Medicine Development Center, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, PA, USA
| | - M Selzer
- Oncology, Global Clinical Safety and Pharmacovigilance, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, PA, USA
| | - D Zembryki
- Oncology Medicine Development Center, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, PA, USA
| | - S De Placido
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Oncology, Universita degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Napoli, Italy
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Link J, Pachaly J. Intranarkotische Infusionstherapie – Eine Computerauswertung mit dem Programmpaket SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences). Transfus Med Hemother 2009. [DOI: 10.1159/000219628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Fintak PA, Goodell V, Bolding M, Higgins D, Childs J, Wallace D, Coveler A, Salazar LG, Link J, Waisman JR, Disis ML. Sources of referral to early phase clinical trials: a case for putting all your eggs in one basket. Cancer Res 2009. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs-3116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Abstract #3116
Background: Studies suggest that only 2% to 3% of all adult cancer patients and approximately 5% of breast cancer patients enroll in clinical trials. To better understand the factors that contribute to enrollment we collected data from patients on sources that prompted them to contact us.
 Methods: From Jan 2005 to Apr 2008 we screened nearly 400 patients for 8 Phase I/II clinical trials focused on immunotherapy of breast and ovarian cancer. We queried subjects about informational sources that led them to consider our clinical studies. Patients learned about our trials from sources including: Clinicians, the Internet (advocacy group websites, search engines, government/university sites), Other patients, Family/friends, Media, Community events and Postings seeking research participants. Many patients who cited a clinician as their referral source specifically referenced a private, multi-site breast cancer clinic in Southern California with which our clinical group has formed a partnership, or consortium. To ensure that this was represented in the data and because the clinician category comprised a large percentage of the referral sources we split the category into 2 groups-one being the private practice in California (to be referred to as “consortium”) and the other being all other clinicians.
 Results: Of the 399 patients screened, 336 (84%) were considered potentially eligible for study. A total of 72 patients, or 18% of those screened have enrolled in one of our trials to date.
 Among patients screened, most learned about our trials from clinicians outside the consortium (34%), the Internet (27%), and consortium clinicians (15%). Patients most often named her2support.org (35%) and clinicaltrials.gov (23%) as their specific Internet sources. The remaining sources, family/friends, patients, media sources, community events and postings in medical facilities, were each cited by <5% of patients.
 Although consortium clinicians were responsible for only 15% of referrals, 50% of their referrals enrolled in a study. Only 16% of patients referred by other clinicians and 9% referred via the Internet were enrolled. Though other clinicians and the Internet are the most common referral sources, referrals from our consortium were significantly more likely to enroll than any other source (p<0.001).
 This may be due to the fact that patients referred by the consortium were more likely to meet eligibility criteria. Relative to 93% of consortium referrals, 87% of other clinician and 79% of Internet referrals were potentially eligible for trial (p<0.05). Patients referred by our consortium were significantly more likely to meet study criteria relative to those referred by other sources.
 Discussion: Physician referrals often lead to higher accrual to clinical trials relative to other referral sources. Our data reveal that accrual can be further improved by forming a close collaborative relationship with a single select practice of clinicians.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(2 Suppl):Abstract nr 3116.
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Affiliation(s)
- PA Fintak
- 1 Tumor Vaccine Group, U of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - V Goodell
- 1 Tumor Vaccine Group, U of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - M Bolding
- 1 Tumor Vaccine Group, U of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - D Higgins
- 1 Tumor Vaccine Group, U of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - J Childs
- 1 Tumor Vaccine Group, U of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - D Wallace
- 1 Tumor Vaccine Group, U of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - A Coveler
- 1 Tumor Vaccine Group, U of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - LG Salazar
- 1 Tumor Vaccine Group, U of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - J Link
- 2 Breastlink Medical Group, Long Beach, CA
| | - JR Waisman
- 2 Breastlink Medical Group, Long Beach, CA
| | - ML Disis
- 1 Tumor Vaccine Group, U of Washington, Seattle, WA
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Ekelund E, Liedén A, Link J, Lee SP, D'Amato M, Palmer CNA, Kockum I, Bradley M. Loss-of-function variants of the filaggrin gene are associated with atopic eczema and associated phenotypes in Swedish families. Acta Derm Venereol 2008; 88:15-9. [PMID: 18176743 DOI: 10.2340/00015555-0383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have identified 2 loss-of-function variants, R501X and 2282del4, in the filaggrin gene as predisposing factors in the development of eczema. In this study, representing the first analysis of the variants in a Swedish population, we analysed transmission in 406 multiplex eczema families with mainly adult patients. In accordance with previous studies we found association between the filaggrin gene variants and atopic eczema (p=9.5 x 10(-8)). The highest odds ratio for the combined allele, 4.73 (1.98-11.29), p=3.6 x 10(-8), was found for the subgroup with a severe eczema phenotype, and association was also found with raised allergen-specific IgE, allergic asthma and allergic rhinoconjunctivitis occurring in the context of eczema. Our results support an important role for the filaggrin gene variants R501X and 2282del4 in the development and severity of atopic eczema and indicate a possible role for the subsequent progression into eczema-associated phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Ekelund
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Boccardo F, Kaufman B, Baselga J, Dieras V, Link J, Casey MA, Fittipaldo A, Oliva C, Zembryki D, Rubin SD. Evaluation of lapatinib (Lap) plus capecitabine (Cap) in patients with brain metastases (BM) from HER2+ breast cancer (BC) enrolled in the Lapatinib Expanded Access Program (LEAP) and French Authorisation Temporaire d'Utilisation (ATU). J Clin Oncol 2008. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2008.26.15_suppl.1094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Link J, Müller-Hülsbeck S, Brossmann J, Schwarzenberg H, Heller M. Erste Ergebnisse der perkutanen Therapie von Poplitealaneurysmen mit Stents. ROFO-FORTSCHR RONTG 2008. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-1015648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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