1
|
Ding ZJ, Xu C, Yan JY, Wang YX, Cui MQ, Yuan JJ, Wang YN, Li GX, Wu JX, Wu YR, Xu JM, Li CX, Shi YZ, Mao CZ, Guo JT, Zhou JM, Benhamed M, Harberd NP, Zheng SJ. The LRR receptor-like kinase ALR1 is a plant aluminum ion sensor. Cell Res 2024; 34:281-294. [PMID: 38200278 PMCID: PMC10978910 DOI: 10.1038/s41422-023-00915-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Plant survival requires an ability to adapt to differing concentrations of nutrient and toxic soil ions, yet ion sensors and associated signaling pathways are mostly unknown. Aluminum (Al) ions are highly phytotoxic, and cause severe crop yield loss and forest decline on acidic soils which represent ∼30% of land areas worldwide. Here we found an Arabidopsis mutant hypersensitive to Al. The gene encoding a leucine-rich-repeat receptor-like kinase, was named Al Resistance1 (ALR1). Al ions binding to ALR1 cytoplasmic domain recruits BAK1 co-receptor kinase and promotes ALR1-dependent phosphorylation of the NADPH oxidase RbohD, thereby enhancing reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. ROS in turn oxidatively modify the RAE1 F-box protein to inhibit RAE1-dependent proteolysis of the central regulator STOP1, thus activating organic acid anion secretion to detoxify Al. These findings establish ALR1 as an Al ion receptor that confers resistance through an integrated Al-triggered signaling pathway, providing novel insights into ion-sensing mechanisms in living organisms, and enabling future molecular breeding of acid-soil-tolerant crops and trees, with huge potential for enhancing both global food security and forest restoration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhong Jie Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chen Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jing Ying Yan
- Agricultural Experimental Station, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yu Xuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Meng Qi Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jun Jie Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ya Nan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Gui Xin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jian Xiang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yun Rong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ji Ming Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chun Xiao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuan Zhi Shi
- Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chuan Zao Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiang Tao Guo
- Medical School, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jian Min Zhou
- Center for Genome Biology and State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Moussa Benhamed
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, INRAE, Univ Evry, Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), Orsay, France
| | - Nicholas P Harberd
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Biology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Shao Jian Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
- Institute of Ecological Civilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Cui MQ, Xu C, Wang T, Zhao LH, Wang YX, Li GX, Yan JY, Xu JM, Liu R, Wang ZY, Harberd NP, Zheng SJ, Ding ZJ. An LRH-RSL4 feedback regulatory loop controls the determinate growth of root hairs in Arabidopsis. Curr Biol 2024; 34:313-326.e7. [PMID: 38101405 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2023.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Root hairs are tubular-shaped outgrowths of epidermal cells essential for plants acquiring water and nutrients from the soil. Despite their importance, the growth of root hairs is finite. How this determinate growth is precisely regulated remains largely unknown. Here we identify LONG ROOT HAIR (LRH), a GYF domain-containing protein, as a unique repressor of root hair growth. We show that LRH inhibits the association of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4Es (eIF4Es) with the mRNA of ROOT HAIR DEFECTIVE6-LIKE4 (RSL4) that encodes the master regulator of root hair growth, repressing RSL4 translation and thus root hair elongation. RSL4 in turn directly transactivates LRH expression to maintain a proper LRH gradient in the trichoblasts. Our findings reveal a previously uncharacterized LRH-RSL4 feedback regulatory loop that limits root hair growth, shedding new light on the mechanism underlying the determinate growth of root hairs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meng Qi Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 5100642, China
| | - Chen Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Tao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Li Hua Zhao
- Department of Plant Biology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 75007 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Yu Xuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Gui Xin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jing Ying Yan
- Agricultural Experimental Station, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Ji Ming Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Rong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zhi Ye Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | | | - Shao Jian Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 5100642, China; Institute of Ecological Civilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zhong Jie Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Liu RR, Gu SZ, Zhou T, Lin LZ, Chen WC, Zhong DS, Liu TS, Yang N, Shen L, Xu SY, Lu N, Zhang Y, Gong ZL, Xu JM. [A phase I study of subcutaneous envafolimab (KN035) monotherapy in Chinese patients with advanced solid tumors]. Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi 2023; 45:898-903. [PMID: 37875426 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112152-20220530-00373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the safety and antitumor activity of envafolimab monotherapy in Chinese patients with advanced solid tumors. Methods: This open-label, multicenter phase I trial included dose escalation and dose expansion phases. In the dose escalation phase, patients received subcutaneous 0.1, 0.3, 1.0, 2.5, 5.0 or 10.0 mg/kg envafolimab once weekly (QW) following a modified "3+ 3" design. The dose expansion phase was performed in the 2.5 mg/kg and 5.0 mg/kg (QW) dose cohorts. Results: At November 25, 2019, a total of 287 patients received envafolimab treatment. During the dose escalation phase, no dose-limiting toxicities (DLT) was observed. In all dose cohorts, drug-related treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) for all grades occurred in 75.3% of patients, and grade 3 or 4 occurred in 20.6% of patients. The incidence of immune-related adverse reactions (irAE) was 24.0% for all grades, the most common irAEs (≥2%) included hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, immune-associated hepatitis and rash. The incidence of injection site reactions was low (3.8%), all of which were grades 1-2. Among the 216 efficacy evaluable patients, the objective response rate (ORR) and disease control rate (DCR) were 11.6% and 43.1%, respectively. Median duration of response was 49.1 weeks (95% CI: 24.0, 49.3). Pharmacokinetic (PK) exposure to envafolimab is proportional to dose and median time to maximum plasma concentration is 72-120 hours based on the PK results from the dose escalation phase of the study. Conclusion: Subcutaneous envafolimab has a favorable safety and promising preliminary anti-tumor activity in Chinese patients with advanced solid tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R R Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Senior Department of Oncology, the Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100071, China
| | - S Z Gu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha 410031, China
| | - T Zhou
- Department of Urology, Changhai Hospital of Shanghai, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - L Z Lin
- Cancer Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China
| | - W C Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital to Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - D S Zhong
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - T S Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - N Yang
- Lung Cancer and Gastrointestinal Unit, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha 410031, China
| | - L Shen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital, Beijing 100142, China
| | - S Y Xu
- 3D Medicines Co. Ltd, Chengdu 610036, China
| | - N Lu
- 3D Medicines Co. Ltd, Chengdu 610036, China
| | - Y Zhang
- 3D Medicines Co. Ltd, Chengdu 610036, China
| | - Z L Gong
- 3D Medicines Co. Ltd, Chengdu 610036, China
| | - J M Xu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Senior Department of Oncology, the Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100071, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Gao Q, Lin YP, Li BS, Wang GQ, Dong LQ, Shen BY, Lou WH, Wu WC, Ge D, Zhu QL, Xu Y, Xu JM, Chang WJ, Lan P, Zhou PH, He MJ, Qiao GB, Chuai SK, Zang RY, Shi TY, Tan LJ, Yin J, Zeng Q, Su XF, Wang ZD, Zhao XQ, Nian WQ, Zhang S, Zhou J, Cai SL, Zhang ZH, Fan J. Unintrusive multi-cancer detection by circulating cell-free DNA methylation sequencing (THUNDER): development and independent validation studies. Ann Oncol 2023; 34:486-495. [PMID: 36849097 DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2023.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early detection of cancer offers the opportunity to identify candidates when curative treatments are achievable. The THUNDER study (THe UNintrusive Detection of EaRly-stage cancers, NCT04820868) aimed to evaluate the performance of ELSA-seq, a previously described cfDNA methylation-based technology, in the early detection and localization of six types of cancers in the colorectum, esophagus, liver, lung, ovary and pancreas. PATIENTS AND METHODS A customized panel of 161,984 CpG sites was constructed and validated by public and in-house (cancer: n=249; non-cancer: n=288) methylome data, respectively. The cfDNA samples from 1,693 participants (cancer: n=735; non-cancer: n=958) were retrospectively collected to train and validate two multi-cancer detection blood test models (MCDBT-1/2) for different clinical scenarios. The models were validated on a prospective and independent cohort of age-matched 1,010 participants (cancer: n=505; non-cancer: n=505). Simulation using the cancer incidence in China was applied to infer stage-shift and survival benefits to demonstrate the potential utility of the models in the real world. RESULTS MCDBT-1 yielded a sensitivity of 69.1% (64.8%‒73.3%), a specificity of 98.9% (97.6%‒99.7%) and tissue origin accuracy of 83.2% (78.7%‒87.1%) in the independent validation set. For early stage (I‒III) patients, the sensitivity of MCDBT-1 was 59.8% (54.4%‒65.0%). In the real-world simulation, MCDBT-1 achieved the sensitivity of 70.6% in detecting the six cancers, thus decreasing late-stage incidence by 38.7%‒46.4%, and increasing 5-year survival rate by 33.1%‒40.4%, respectively. In parallel, MCDBT-2 was generated at a slightly low specificity of 95.1% (92.8%-96.9%) but a higher sensitivity of 75.1% (71.9%-79.8%) than MCDBT-1 for populations at relatively high risk of cancers, and also had ideal performance. CONCLUSION In this large-scale clinical validation study, MCDBT-1/2 models showed a high sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of predicted origin in detecting six types of cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Q Gao
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Y P Lin
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - B S Li
- Burning Rock Biotech, Guangzhou 510300, China
| | - G Q Wang
- Burning Rock Biotech, Guangzhou 510300, China
| | - L Q Dong
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - B Y Shen
- Department of General Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Center, Research Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 20025, China
| | - W H Lou
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - W C Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - D Ge
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Q L Zhu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Y Xu
- Burning Rock Biotech, Guangzhou 510300, China
| | - J M Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - W J Chang
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - P Lan
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510655, China
| | - P H Zhou
- Endoscopy Center and Endoscopy Research Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - M J He
- Endoscopy Center and Endoscopy Research Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - G B Qiao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - S K Chuai
- Burning Rock Biotech, Guangzhou 510300, China
| | - R Y Zang
- Ovarian Cancer Program, Department of Gynaecologic Oncology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - T Y Shi
- Ovarian Cancer Program, Department of Gynaecologic Oncology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - L J Tan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - J Yin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Q Zeng
- Health Management Institute, The Second Medical Center & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - X F Su
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Linfen People's Hospital, Shanxi 041000, China
| | - Z D Wang
- Clinical Research Center, Linfen People's Hospital, Shanxi 041000, China
| | - X Q Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Linfen People's Hospital, Shanxi 041000, China
| | - W Q Nian
- Phase I ward, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - S Zhang
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - J Zhou
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - S L Cai
- Burning Rock Biotech, Guangzhou 510300, China
| | - Z H Zhang
- Burning Rock Biotech, Guangzhou 510300, China
| | - J Fan
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ai X, Fu HY, Xu JM, Yang WX, Tang YM. [Roles of the CXCR1/CXCL8 axis in abnormal proliferation of bile duct epithelial cells in primary biliary cholangitis]. Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi 2023; 31:174-180. [PMID: 37137833 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20210726-00362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the role of the CXC chemokine receptor 1 (CXCR1)/CXC chemokine ligand 8 (CXCL8) axis in the abnormal proliferation of bile duct epithelial cells in primary biliary cholangitis (PBC). Methods: 30 female C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into the PBC model group (PBC group), reparixin intervention group (Rep group), and blank control group (Con group) in an in vivo experiment. PBC animal models were established after 12 weeks of intraperitoneal injection of 2-octanoic acid coupled to bovine serum albumin (2OA-BSA) combined with polyinosinic acid polycytidylic acid (polyI:C). After successful modelling, reparixin was injected subcutaneously into the Rep group (2.5 mg · kg(-1) · d(-1), 3 weeks). Hematoxylin-eosin staining was used to detect histological changes in the liver. An immunohistochemical method was used to detect the expression of cytokeratin 19 (CK-19). Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), γ-interferon (IFN-γ) and interleukin (IL)-6 mRNA expression were detected by qRT-PCR. Western blot was used to detect nuclear transcription factor-κB p65 (NF-κB p65), extracellularly regulated protein kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2), phosphorylated extracellularly regulated protein kinase 1/2 (p-ERK1/2), Bcl-2-related X protein (Bax), B lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), and cysteine proteinase-3 (Caspase- 3) expression. Human intrahepatic bile duct epithelial cells were divided into an IL-8 intervention group (IL-8 group), an IL-8+Reparicin intervention group (Rep group), and a blank control group (Con group) in an in vitro experiment. The IL-8 group was cultured with 10 ng/ml human recombinant IL-8 protein, and the Rep group was cultured with 10 ng/ml human recombinant IL-8 protein, followed by 100 nmol/L Reparicin. Cell proliferation was detected by the EdU method. The expression of TNF-α, IFN-γ and IL-6 was detected by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The expression of CXCR1 mRNA was detected by qRT-PCR. The expression of NF-κB p65, ERK1/2 and p-ERK1/2 was detected by western blot. A one-way ANOVA was used for comparisons between data sets. Results: The results of in vivo experiments revealed that the proliferation of cholangiocytes, the expression of NF-κB and ERK pathway-related proteins, and the expression of inflammatory cytokines were increased in the Con group compared with the PBC group. However, reparixin intervention reversed the aforementioned outcomes (P<0.05). In vitro experiments showed that the proliferation of human intrahepatic cholangiocyte epithelial cells, the expression of CXCR1 mRNA, the expression of NF-κB and ERK pathway-related proteins, and the expression of inflammatory cytokines were increased in the IL-8 group compared with the Con group. Compared with the IL-8 group, the proliferation of human intrahepatic cholangiocyte epithelial cells, NF-κB and ERK pathway-related proteins, and inflammatory indicators were significantly reduced in the Rep group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The CXCR1/CXCL8 axis can regulate the abnormal proliferation of bile duct epithelial cells in PBC, and its mechanism of action may be related to NF-κB and ERK pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- X Ai
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650101, China
| | - H Y Fu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650101, China
| | - J M Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650101, China
| | - W X Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650101, China
| | - Y M Tang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650101, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
He QY, Jin JF, Lou HQ, Dang FF, Xu JM, Zheng SJ, Yang JL. Abscisic acid-dependent PMT1 expression regulates salt tolerance by alleviating abscisic acid-mediated reactive oxygen species production in Arabidopsis. J Integr Plant Biol 2022; 64:1803-1820. [PMID: 35789105 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Phosphocholine (PCho) is an intermediate metabolite of nonplastid plant membranes that is essential for salt tolerance. However, how PCho metabolism modulates response to salt stress remains unknown. Here, we characterize the role of phosphoethanolamine N-methyltransferase 1 (PMT1) in salt stress tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana using a T-DNA insertional mutant, gene-editing alleles, and complemented lines. The pmt1 mutants showed a severe inhibition of root elongation when exposed to salt stress, but exogenous ChoCl or lecithin rescued this defect. pmt1 also displayed altered glycerolipid metabolism under salt stress, suggesting that glycerolipids contribute to salt tolerance. Moreover, pmt1 mutants exhibited altered reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and distribution, reduced cell division activity, and disturbed auxin distribution in the primary root compared with wild-type seedlings. We show that PMT1 expression is induced by salt stress and relies on the abscisic acid (ABA) signaling pathway, as this induction was abolished in the aba2-1 and pyl112458 mutants. However, ABA aggravated the salt sensitivity of the pmt1 mutants by perturbing ROS distribution in the root tip. Taken together, we propose that PMT1 is an important phosphoethanolamine N-methyltransferase participating in root development of primary root elongation under salt stress conditions by balancing ROS production and distribution through ABA signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Yu He
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jian Feng Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - He Qiang Lou
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Feng Feng Dang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Ji Ming Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Shao Jian Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jian Li Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Jin JF, Zhu HH, He QY, Li PF, Fan W, Xu JM, Yang JL, Chen WW. The Tomato Transcription Factor SlNAC063 Is Required for Aluminum Tolerance by Regulating SlAAE3-1 Expression. Front Plant Sci 2022; 13:826954. [PMID: 35371150 PMCID: PMC8965521 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.826954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Aluminum (Al) toxicity constitutes one of the major limiting factors of plant growth and development on acid soils, which comprises approximately 50% of potentially arable lands worldwide. When suffering Al toxicity, plants reprogram the transcription of genes, which activates physiological and metabolic pathways to deal with the toxicity. Here, we report the role of a NAM, ATAF1, 2 and CUC2 (NAC) transcription factor (TF) in tomato Al tolerance. Among 53 NAC TFs in tomatoes, SlNAC063 was most abundantly expressed in root apex and significantly induced by Al stress. Furthermore, the expression of SlNAC063 was not induced by other metals. Meanwhile, the SlNAC063 protein was localized at the nucleus and has transcriptional activation potentials in yeast. By constructing CRISPR/Cas9 knockout mutants, we found that slnac063 mutants displayed increased sensitivity to Al compared to wild-type plants. However, the mutants accumulated even less Al than wild-type (WT) plants, suggesting that internal tolerance mechanisms but not external exclusion mechanisms are implicated in SlNAC063-mediated Al tolerance in tomatoes. Further comparative RNA-sequencing analysis revealed that only 45 Al-responsive genes were positively regulated by SlNAC063, although the expression of thousands of genes (1,557 upregulated and 636 downregulated) was found to be affected in slnac063 mutants in the absence of Al stress. The kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis revealed that SlNAC063-mediated Al-responsive genes were enriched in "phenylpropanoid metabolism," "fatty acid metabolism," and "dicarboxylate metabolism," indicating that SlNAC063 regulates metabolisms in response to Al stress. Quantitative real-time (RT)-PCR analysis showed that the expression of SlAAE3-1 was repressed by SlNAC063 in the absence of Al. However, the expression of SlAAE3-1 was dependent on SlNAC063 in the presence of Al stress. Taken together, our results demonstrate that a NAC TF SlNAC063 is involved in tomato Al tolerance by regulating the expression of genes involved in metabolism, and SlNAC063 is required for Al-induced expression of SlAAE3-1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Feng Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hui Hui Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qi Yu He
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Peng Fei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wei Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Ji Ming Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jian Li Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Jian Li Yang,
| | - Wei Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Research Centre for Plant RNA Signaling, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement and Quality Control of Medicinal Plants, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
- Wei Wei Chen,
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Sun L, Wei YQ, Wu KH, Yan JY, Xu JN, Wu YR, Li GX, Xu JM, Harberd NP, Ding ZJ, Zheng SJ. Restriction of iron loading into developing seeds by a YABBY transcription factor safeguards successful reproduction in Arabidopsis. Mol Plant 2021; 14:1624-1639. [PMID: 34116221 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2021.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Iron (Fe) storage in plant seeds is not only necessary for seedling establishment following germination but is also a major source of dietary Fe for humans and other animals. Accumulation of Fe in seeds is known to be low during early seed development. However, the underlying mechanism and biological significance remain elusive. Here, we show that reduced expression of Arabidopsis YABBY transcription factor INNER NO OUTER (INO) increases embryonic Fe accumulation, while transgenic overexpression of INO results in the opposite effect. INO is highly expressed during early seed development, and decreased INO expression increases the expression of NATURAL RESISTANCE-ASSOCIATED MACROPHAGE PROTEIN 1 (NRAMP1), which encodes a transporter that contributes to seed Fe loading. The relatively high embryonic Fe accumulation conferred by decreased INO expression is rescued by the nramp1 loss-of-function mutation. We further demonstrated that INO represses NRAMP1 expression by binding to NRAMP1-specific promoter region. Interestingly, we found that excessive Fe loading into developing seeds of ino mutants results in greater oxidative damage, leading to increased cell death and seed abortion, a phenotype that can be rescued by the nramp1 mutation. Taken together, these results indicate that INO plays an important role in safeguarding reproduction by reducing Fe loading into developing seeds by repressing NRAMP1 expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yun Qi Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Kang Hao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jing Ying Yan
- Agricultural Experimental Station, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jie Na Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yun Rong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Gui Xin Li
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Ji Ming Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Nicholas P Harberd
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Department of Plant Science, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RB, UK
| | - Zhong Jie Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Shao Jian Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Tian WH, Ye JY, Cui MQ, Chang JB, Liu Y, Li GX, Wu YR, Xu JM, Harberd NP, Mao CZ, Jin CW, Ding ZJ, Zheng SJ. A transcription factor STOP1-centered pathway coordinates ammonium and phosphate acquisition in Arabidopsis. Mol Plant 2021; 14:1554-1568. [PMID: 34216828 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2021.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) is an indispensable macronutrient required for plant growth and development. Natural phosphate (Pi) reserves are finite, and a better understanding of Pi utilization by crops is therefore vital for worldwide food security. Ammonium has long been known to enhance Pi acquisition efficiency in agriculture; however, the molecular mechanisms coordinating Pi nutrition and ammonium remains unclear. Here, we reveal that ammonium is a novel initiator that stimulates the accumulation of a key regulatory protein, STOP1, in the nuclei of Arabidopsis root cells under Pi deficiency. We show that Pi deficiency promotes ammonium uptake mediated by AMT1 transporters and causes rapid acidification of the root surface. Rhizosphere acidification-triggered STOP1 accumulation activates the excretion of organic acids, which help to solubilize Pi from insoluble iron or calcium phosphates. Ammonium uptake by AMT1 transporters is downregulated by a CIPK23 protein kinase whose expression is directly modulated by STOP1 when ammonium reaches toxic levels. Taken together, we have identified a STOP1-centered regulatory network that links external ammonium with efficient Pi acquisition from insoluble phosphate sources. These findings provide a framework for developing possible strategies to improve crop production by enhancing the utilization of non-bioavailable nutrients in soil.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen Hao Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jia Yuan Ye
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310038, China
| | - Meng Qi Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jun Bo Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Gui Xin Li
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310038, China
| | - Yun Rong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Ji Ming Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | | | - Chuan Zao Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Chong Wei Jin
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310038, China
| | - Zhong Jie Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Shao Jian Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 5100642, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Wu WM, Chen J, Bai CM, Chi Y, Du YQ, Feng ST, Huo L, Jiang YX, Li JN, Lou WH, Luo J, Shao CH, Shen L, Wang F, Wang LW, Wang O, Wang Y, Wu HW, Xing XP, Xu JM, Xue HD, Xue L, Yang Y, Yu XJ, Yuan CH, Zhao H, Zhu XZ, Zhao YP. [The Chinese guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (2020)]. Zhonghua Wai Ke Za Zhi 2021; 59:401-421. [PMID: 34102722 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112139-20210319-00135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (pNENs) are highly heterogeneous, and the management of pNENs patients can be intractable. To address this challenge, an expert committee was established on behalf of the Group of Pancreatic Surgery, Chinese Society of Surgery, Chinese Medical Association, which consisted of surgical oncologists, gastroenterologists, medical oncologists, endocrinologists, radiologists, pathologists, and nuclear medicine specialists. By reviewing the important issues regarding the diagnosis and treatment of pNENs, the committee concluded evidence-based statements and recommendations in this article, in order to further improve the management of pNENs patients in China.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W M Wu
- Department of General Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730,China
| | - J Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080,China
| | - C M Bai
- Department of Medical Oncology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730,China
| | - Yihebali Chi
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021,China
| | - Y Q Du
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital Affiliated to Navy Medical University, Shanghai 200433,China
| | - S T Feng
- Department of Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080,China
| | - L Huo
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Diagnosis and Therapy in Nuclear Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730,China
| | - Y X Jiang
- Department of Ultrasound, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730,China
| | - J N Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730,China
| | - W H Lou
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032,China
| | - J Luo
- Department of Pathology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029,China
| | - C H Shao
- Department of Pancreatic-biliary Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, Navy Medical University, Shanghai 200003,China
| | - L Shen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142,China
| | - F Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029,China
| | - L W Wang
- Department of Oncology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127,China
| | - O Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730,China
| | - Y Wang
- Department of Interventional Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080,China
| | - H W Wu
- Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730,China
| | - X P Xing
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730,China
| | - J M Xu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, the Fifth Medical Center, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100071,China
| | - H D Xue
- Department of Radiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730,China
| | - L Xue
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080,China
| | - Y Yang
- Department of Hepatic Surgery and Liver Transplantation Center, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630,China
| | - X J Yu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032,China
| | - C H Yuan
- Department of General Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191,China
| | - H Zhao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021,China
| | - X Z Zhu
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032,China
| | - Y P Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730,China
| | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Xu JM, Cui HT, Jia R, Zhao CH, Zhao P. [Analysis of clinical characteristics and prognosis of 235 pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors underwent Sunitinib treatment]. Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi 2021; 43:324-328. [PMID: 33752313 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112152-20190630-00402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the clinical characteristics, treatment, and prognostic factors of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (pNETs) patients treated with Sunitinib. Methods: The clinical data of pNETs patients from Pfizer Drug Assistance Program of Cancer Foundation of China from April 2013 to November 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. Follow-up and statistical analysis were performed. Results: A total of 235 patients were enrolled, the patients' overall survival time was between 4 and 252 months, the 3-years and 5-years survival rates were 73.8% and 60.8%, respectively. Univariate analysis showed that factors such as age, Ki-67 index and surgery were associated with the 3-years survival rates of pNETs patients (P<0.05). Multivariate analysis demonstrated that the age, Ki-67 index and surgery were independent prognostic factors for pNETs patients (P<0.05). For patients with liver metastases, univariate analysis revealed that surgery was associated with prognosis (P<0.05). The 5-years survival rate of 124 patients with extending usage of Sunitinib was 53.3%. Conclusion: PNETs are rare tumors with atypical clinical symptoms and the patients often have metastasis at the initiate diagnosis. The age, Ki-67 index and surgery are associated with the prognosis of pNETs patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J M Xu
- Department of Gastroenterological Oncology, the Fifth Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100071, China
| | - H T Cui
- Department of Oncology, the 940 Hospital of Joint Service of People's Liberation Army, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - R Jia
- Department of Gastroenterological Oncology, the Fifth Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100071, China
| | - C H Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterological Oncology, the Fifth Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100071, China
| | - P Zhao
- Cancer Foundation of China, Beijing 100021, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Abstract
Surgical resection remains the only curative therapy for colorectal adenocarcinoma and liver metastasis. Synchronous robotic resection for colorectal liver metastasis (CRLM) offers the advantage of avoiding double surgical stress, while providing the benefits of small incision, quicker recovery, shorter hospital stay and faster postoperative adjuvant therapy. Compared with the laparoscopic approach, robotic approach is mostly suitable for rectal cancer liver metastasis, which is associated with low conversion rate, good nerve protection, high success rate for major hepatectomy and resection of difficult segments. Appropriately selected patients, multidisciplinary cooperation and skillful robotic surgeons are the key to success. Current data have demonstrated the feasibility and safety of synchronous robotic resection for CRLM. With the coming randomized controlled trial data and evolution of robotic surgical system, the future of synchronous robotic resection for colorectal liver metastasis is promising.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- X Y Wang
- Department of Liver Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - W J Chang
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - J M Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Zhu YX, Zhu L, Chen YF, Xu JM, Shne ZL, Liu RJ, Zou J, Yuan MQ, Ye F, Zeng QQ. Luteoloside Ameliorates Palmitic Acid-Induced in Vitro Model of Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease via Activating STAT3-Triggered Hepatocyte Regeneration. Folia Biol (Praha) 2021; 67:126-133. [PMID: 35151246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Luteoloside (Lute), a bioactive natural ingredient, widely exists in nature and possesses hepatoprotective and hepatocyte proliferation-promoting properties. This study aimed to investigate whether Lute could counteract non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)-caused hepatocyte damage via its stimulation of hepatocyte regeneration efficacy and to explore the involved mechanism. LO2 cells and primary hepatocytes were used to examine the hepatocyte proliferation effects of Lute under physiological conditions and in the palmitic acid (PA)- induced in vitro model of NAFLD. STAT3 and cell cycle-related proteins (cyclin D1, c-myc and p21) were evaluated by Western blot. Under physiological conditions, LO2 cells and primary hepatocytes treated with various concentration of Lute for 12 and 24 h showed increased hepatocyte proliferation, especially with 20 μM treatment for 24 h. More notably, under the model conditions, co-incubation with 20 μM of Lute also markedly reversed PA-induced inhibition of cell proliferation and viability in primary hepatocytes. Mechanistically, Lute could activate STAT3 and subsequently increase cyclin D1 and cmyc expression, which positively regulates cell cycle progression, and decrease expression of p21, an inhibitor of cell cycle progression. Furthermore, Luteinduced hepatocyte proliferation-promoting efficacy was abolished by STAT3 inhibitor stattic. Collectively, Lute can alleviate PA-induced hepatocyte damage via activating STAT3-mediated hepatocyte regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y X Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, Kunshan 215300, Jiangshu, China
| | - L Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, Kunshan 215300, Jiangshu, China
| | - Y F Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, Kunshan 215300, Jiangshu, China
| | - J M Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, Kunshan 215300, Jiangshu, China
| | - Z L Shne
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, Kunshan 215300, Jiangshu, China
| | - R J Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, Kunshan 215300, Jiangshu, China
| | - J Zou
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, Kunshan 215300, Jiangshu, China
| | - M Q Yuan
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, Kunshan 215300, Jiangshu, China
| | - F Ye
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, Kunshan 215300, Jiangshu, China
| | - Q Q Zeng
- Jiangsu Health Vocational College; Nanjing 210023, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Zong J, Ding S, Tian GZ, Xia GH, Xiong CH, Wang P, Xu XQ, Xu JM. [Characteristics on molecular epidemiology of Brucella melitensis in Jiangxi province]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2020; 41:1341-1344. [PMID: 32867447 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20191225-00916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To understand the molecular characteristics and correlation among isolated strains of Brucella melitensis (BM) so as to improve the strategies on prevention and control of the disease in Jiangxi province. Methods: A total of 25 strains of BM isolated from human in 17 counties of Jiangxi province were analyzed by multiple locus variable-number tandem repeat analysis (MLVA) method. Results: A total of 25 strains of BM were classified into 24 independent genotypes with similarities between 67.00% and 100.00% and Simpson index between 0.000 and 0.773. There were 3 genotypes in MLVA8, including 60.00% (15/25) as 42 genotype, 32.00% (8/25) as 43 genotype, and 8.00% (2/25) as 63 genotype, respectively. There were 7 genotypes in MLVA11 identified, with 116 genotype and 125 genotype the main genotypes, accounting for 56.00% (14/25) of all the identified strains. Conclusions: Genes from all the 25 strains of BM that isolated from human being were with high genetic diversities, and various, genotypes. However, no obvious epidemiological correlation was noticed among these strains, indicating the complexity of the source of infection on Brucella in Jiangxi province.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Zong
- Jiangxi Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanchang 330029, China
| | - S Ding
- Jiangxi Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanchang 330029, China
| | - G Z Tian
- National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - G H Xia
- Jiangxi Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanchang 330029, China
| | - C H Xiong
- Jiangxi Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanchang 330029, China
| | - P Wang
- Jiangxi Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanchang 330029, China
| | - X Q Xu
- Jiangxi Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanchang 330029, China
| | - J M Xu
- Jiangxi Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanchang 330029, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Sun Y, Li JQ, Yan JY, Yuan JJ, Li GX, Wu YR, Xu JM, Huang RF, Harberd NP, Ding ZJ, Zheng SJ. Ethylene promotes seed iron storage during Arabidopsis seed maturation via ERF95 transcription factor. J Integr Plant Biol 2020; 62:1193-1212. [PMID: 32619040 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.12986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Because Iron (Fe) is an essential element, Fe storage in plant seeds is necessary for seedling establishment following germination. However, the mechanisms controlling seed Fe storage during seed development remain largely unknown. Here we reveal that an ERF95 transcription factor regulates Arabidopsis seed Fe accumulation. We show that expression of ERF95 increases during seed maturation, and that lack of ERF95 reduces seed Fe accumulation, consequently increasing sensitivity to Fe deficiency during seedling establishment. Conversely, overexpression of ERF95 has the opposite effects. We show that lack of ERF95 decreases abundance of FER1 messenger RNA in developing seed, which encodes Fe-sequestering ferritin. Accordingly, a fer1-1 loss-of-function mutation confers reduced seed Fe accumulation, and suppresses ERF95-promoted seed Fe accumulation. In addition, ERF95 binds to specific FER1 promoter GCC-boxes and transactivates FER1 expression. We show that ERF95 expression in maturing seed is dependent on EIN3, the master transcriptional regulator of ethylene signaling. While lack of EIN3 reduces seed Fe content, overexpression of ERF95 rescues Fe accumulation in the seed of ein3 loss-of-function mutant. Finally, we show that ethylene production increases during seed maturation. We conclude that ethylene promotes seed Fe accumulation during seed maturation via an EIN3-ERF95-FER1-dependent signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jia Qi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jing Ying Yan
- Agricultural Experimental Station, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jun Jie Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Gui Xin Li
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yun Rong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Ji Ming Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Rong Feng Huang
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Nicholas P Harberd
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Department of Plant Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3RB, United Kingdom
| | - Zhong Jie Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Shao Jian Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Chang WJ, Jiang YD, Xu JM. [Experience of teaching and training for medical students at gastrointestinal surgery department under COVID-19 epidemic situation]. Zhonghua Wei Chang Wai Ke Za Zhi 2020; 23:616-618. [PMID: 32521987 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn.441530-20200603-00334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
In hospitals and medical schools as densely populated sites with high risk of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), it is vital to adjust the teaching and training strategy for medical students to ensure curriculum completion with safety. This article aims to introduce the experience of teaching and training for medical students under the epidemic situation at Department of Surgery, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University and Zhongshan Hospital. The content includes exploring diversified online teaching models for undergraduate surgery courses and clinical practice, carrying out online graduate education and dissertation plans, and strengthening comprehensive education of medical humanity combined with knowledge of COVID-19 prevention. Through implementation of the above teaching strategies, scheduled learning plans of medical students can be well completed in an orderly, safe and quality-ensured manner. Our experience provides practical solution of medical teaching and could be advisable for other medical colleges and teaching hospitals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W J Chang
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Y D Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - J M Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai 200032, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Zhang Y, Xu JM. [Medical diagnosis and treatment strategies for malignant tumors of the digestive system during the outbreak of COVID-19]. Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi 2020; 42:184-186. [PMID: 32112549 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112152-20200227-00141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Since the outbreak of COVID-19 in December 2019, the diagnosis and treatment of patients with cancer have been facing great challenges. Although oncologists are not fighting on the front line to against the epidemic, during this special period, we should not only protect patients, their families and medical staff from the infection of novel coronavirus, but also minimize the impact of the epidemic on the diagnosis and the treatment of patients with cancer. Combining the guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of tumors with our clinical experience, in this epidemic period, we discuss the strategies for diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of malignant tumors of the digestive system in this article.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, the Fifth Medical Center, General Hospital of PLA, Beijing 100071, China
| | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Chen JW, Chang WJ, Zhang ZY, He GD, Feng QY, Zhu DX, Yi T, Lin Q, Wei Y, Xu JM. [Risk factors of anastomotic leakage after robotic surgery for low and mid rectal cancer]. Zhonghua Wei Chang Wai Ke Za Zhi 2020; 23:364-369. [PMID: 32306604 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn.441530-20200212-00052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the risk factors associated with anastomotic leakage after robotic surgery in mid-low rectal cancer. Methods: A retrospective case-control study method was conducted. Inclusion criteria: (1) 18 to 80 years old; (2) pathologically confirmed rectal cancer; (3) distance <10 cm from tumor to anal margin; (4) robotic anterior rectal resection. Patients with previous history of colorectal cancer surgery, distant metastases or other malignant tumors, undergoing emergency surgery, with severe abdominal adhesions or those receiving combined organ resection were excluded. Based on the above criteria, 636 patients undergoing robotic radical sphincter-preserving surgery for mid-low rectal cancer in Zhongshan Hospital from January 2015 to December 2018 were included in this study, including 398 males (62.6%) and 238 females (37.4%) with a mean age of (61.9±11.3) years. Sixty-eight cases (10.7%) received neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. Amony the 636 included patients, 123(19.3%) underwent natural orifice specimen extraction surgery (NOSES) and 15 (2.3%) underwent preventive stoma. According to the cirteria developed by the International Rectal Cancer Research Group in 2010, the anastomotic leakage was classified as grade A (no requirement of intervention), B (requirement of intervention), and C (requirement of operation). Logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between anastomotic leakage and clinicopathological factors. Factors in univariate analysis with P<0.05 were included in the multivariate analysis. Results: Anastomotic leakage occurred in 38 cases (6.0%). The grading of anastomotic leakage was grade A in 13 cases (2.0%), grade B in 19 cases (3.0%), and grade C in 6 cases (0.9%). The 3-year disease-free survival rate of patients with anastomotic leakage and without anastomotic leakage was 83.5% and 83.6% respectively (P=0.862); the 3-year overall survival rate of the two group was 85.1% and 87.5% respectively (P=0.296). The results of univariate logistic regression analysis showed that male (P=0.011), longer operation time (P=0.042), distance ≤5 cm from tumor to anal margin (P=0.012), more intraoperative blood loss (P=0.048) were associated with anastomotic leakage (all P<0.05). NOSES was not associated with anastomotic leakage (P=0.704). Multivariate analysis confirmed that male (OR=3.03, 95%CI: 1.37 to 7.14, P=0.010), operation time ≥180 minutes (OR=2.04, 95%CI: 1.03 to 3.99, P=0.040), distance ≤5 cm from tumor to anal margin (OR=2.56, 95%CI:1.28 to 5.26, P=0.008) were independent risk factors for anastomotic leakage. Conclusion: Male, short distance from tumor to anal margin, and long operation time are independent risk factors for anastomotic leakage in patients undergoing robotic mid-low rectal cancer radical surgeries. These patients need to be cautiously treated during surgery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J W Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - W J Chang
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Z Y Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - G D He
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Q Y Feng
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - D X Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - T Yi
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Q Lin
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Y Wei
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - J M Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Zheng P, Feng QY, Xu JM. [Current status and consideration of robotic surgery for colorectal cancer in China]. Zhonghua Wei Chang Wai Ke Za Zhi 2020; 23:336-340. [PMID: 32306599 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn.441530-20200216-00056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Since its inception, the surgical robot system with technical advantages has quickly become a new trend in surgery, and has been widely used at home and abroad. A large number of retrospective studies and a small number of randomized controlled studies have shown that compared with traditional laparoscopic surgery, robotic surgery presented some improvements, such as lower conversion rate, less urinary and sexual dysfunction, and less intraoperative blood loss, though more convincing evidence is needed. Robotic colorectal cancer surgery started late in China, but developed rapidly. Not only the number of surgeries has increased rapidly, but also many new surgeries have been innovated. Meanwhile, many problems emerged, such as lack of unified technical specifications, and excessive dependence on imported surgical robot equipment. Through high-quality clinical researches and big data analyses, the formulation of standardization, the establishment of training system, and the combination of medicine, research and production, robotic surgery will continue to lead the development trend of surgery in the new era.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Zheng
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Q Y Feng
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - J M Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Minimally Invasive Engineering Technology Research Center Colorectal Cancer, Shanghai 200032, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Jin JF, Wang ZQ, He QY, Wang JY, Li PF, Xu JM, Zheng SJ, Fan W, Yang JL. Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of the NAC transcription factor family in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) during aluminum stress. BMC Genomics 2020; 21:288. [PMID: 32264854 PMCID: PMC7140551 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-020-6689-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The family of NAC proteins (NAM, ATAF1/2, and CUC2) represent a class of large plant-specific transcription factors. However, identification and functional surveys of NAC genes of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) remain unstudied, despite the tomato genome being decoded for several years. This study aims to identify the NAC gene family and investigate their potential roles in responding to Al stress. Results Ninety-three NAC genes were identified and named in accordance with their chromosome location. Phylogenetic analysis found SlNACs are broadly distributed in 5 groups. Gene expression analysis showed that SlNACs had different expression levels in various tissues and at different fruit development stages. Cycloheximide treatment and qRT-PCR analysis indicated that SlNACs may aid regulation of tomato in response to Al stress, 19 of which were significantly up- or down-regulated in roots of tomato following Al stress. Conclusion This work establishes a knowledge base for further studies on biological functions of SlNACs in tomato and will aid in improving agricultural traits of tomato in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Feng Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Institute of Plant Biology, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Zhan Qi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Vector Biology and Pathogen Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences, Huzhou University, Huzhou, 313000, China
| | - Qi Yu He
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Institute of Plant Biology, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jia Yi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Institute of Plant Biology, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Peng Fei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Institute of Plant Biology, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Ji Ming Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Institute of Plant Biology, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Shao Jian Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Institute of Plant Biology, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Wei Fan
- College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Jian Li Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Institute of Plant Biology, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Osgood RM, Kang M, Kim KB, Ait-El-Aoud Y, Dinneen S, Kooi S, Fernandes G, Xu JM. Nanorectenna spectrally-selective plasmonic hot electron response to visible-light lasers. Nanotechnology 2020; 31:135207. [PMID: 31825904 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ab60c9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Active metasurfaces with novel visible and infrared (vis/IR) functionalities represent an exciting, growing area of research. Rectification of vis/IR frequencies would produce needed direct current (DC) with no inherent frequency limitation (e.g. no semiconducting bandgap). However, controlling the materials and functionality of (nano)rectennas for rectifying 100 s of THz to the visible regime is a daunting challenge, because of the small features and simultaneously the need to scale up to large sizes in a scalable platform. An active metasurface of a planar array of nanoscale antennas on top of rectifying vertical diodes is a 'nanorectenna array' or 'microrectenna array' that rectifies very high frequencies in the infrared, or even higher frequencies up to the visible regime. We employ a novel strategy for forming optical nanorectenna arrays using scalable patterning of Au nanowires, demonstrate strong evidence for spectral-selective high-frequency rectification, characteristic of optical antennas. We discover a previously unreported out-of-equilibrium electron energy distribution, i.e. hot electrons arising from plasmonic resonance absorption in an optical antenna characterized by an effective temperature, and how this effect can significantly impact the observed rectification.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R M Osgood
- US Army Combat Capabilities Development Command-Soldier Center, 15 General Greene Ave., Natick, MA 01760, United States of America
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Qiu JL, Zhou Q, Zhu JM, Lu XT, Liu B, Yu DY, Lin G, Ao T, Xu JM. Organic trace minerals improve eggshell quality by improving the eggshell ultrastructure of laying hens during the late laying period. Poult Sci 2019; 99:1483-1490. [PMID: 32115033 PMCID: PMC7587740 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2019.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2019] [Revised: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of low inclusion levels of organic trace minerals (iron, copper, manganese, and zinc) on performance, eggshell quality, serum hormone levels, and enzyme activities of laying hens during the late laying period. A total of 405 healthy hens (HY-Line White, 50-week-old) were randomly divided into 3 treatments, with 9 replications per treatment and 15 birds per replication. The dietary treatments included a basal diet supplemented with inorganic trace minerals at commercial levels (CON), a basal diet supplemented with inorganic trace minerals at 1/3 commercial levels (ITM), and a basal diet supplemented with proteinated trace minerals at 1/3 commercial levels (TRT). The trial lasted 56 D (8 wk). Compared with the CON group, the ITM group showed decrease in (P < 0.05) egg production, eggshell strength, eggshell palisade layer, palisade layer ratio, serum estrogen, luteinizing hormone, glycosaminoglycan concentration, and carbonic anhydrase activity and increase in (P < 0.05) egg loss and mammillary layer ratio. However, the TRT group almost kept all the indices close to the CON group (P > 0.05). Furthermore, hens fed with low inclusion levels of organic trace minerals had smaller mammillary knobs (P < 0.05) than those in the CON and ITM groups. In conclusion, hens fed with low inclusion levels of proteinated trace minerals had better performance and eggshell strength than those fed with identical levels of inorganic compounds; organic trace minerals improved eggshell quality by improving the eggshell ultrastructure of laying hens during the late laying period.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J L Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed in East China of Ministry of Agriculture and College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Q Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed in East China of Ministry of Agriculture and College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - J M Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed in East China of Ministry of Agriculture and College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - X T Lu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed in East China of Ministry of Agriculture and College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - B Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed in East China of Ministry of Agriculture and College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - D Y Yu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed in East China of Ministry of Agriculture and College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - G Lin
- Institute of Quality Standards and Testing Technology for Agricultural Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 10081, China
| | - T Ao
- Center for Applied Nutrigenomics and Applied Animal Nutrition, Alltech, Nicholasville, KY 40356, USA
| | - J M Xu
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Zhang X, Joy JC, Wu C, Kim JH, Xu JM, Valles JM. Quasiparticle Screening near a Bosonic Superconductor-Insulator Transition Revealed by Magnetic Impurity Doping. Phys Rev Lett 2019; 122:157002. [PMID: 31050501 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.122.157002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Revised: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Experiments show that the Cooper pair transport in the insulator phase that forms at thin film superconductor to insulator transitions (SIT) is simply activated. The activation energy T_{0} depends on the microscopic factors that drive Cooper pair localization. To test proposed models, we investigated how a perturbation that weakens Cooper pair binding, magnetic impurity doping, and phase frustration affects T_{0}. The data show that T_{0} decreases monotonically with doping in films tuned farther from the SIT and increases and peaks in films that are closer to the SIT critical point. The observations provide strong evidence that the bosonic SIT in thin films is a Mott transition driven by Coulomb interactions that are screened by virtual quasiparticle excitations. This dependence on underlying fermionic degrees of freedom distinguishes these SITs from those in microfabricated Josephson Junction arrays, cold atom systems, and likely in high temperature superconductors with nodes in their quasiparticle density of states.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xue Zhang
- Department of Physics, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA
| | - James C Joy
- Department of Physics, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA
| | - Chunshu Wu
- Department of Physics, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA
| | - Jin Ho Kim
- School of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA
| | - J M Xu
- School of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA
| | - James M Valles
- Department of Physics, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Huang YT, Jia R, Xu Q, Ji SJ, Cui HT, Xu JM. [Prognostic analysis of colon and rectal neuroendocrine neoplasm in different stages]. Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi 2019; 41:146-151. [PMID: 30862146 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-3766.2019.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the survival difference of patients with colon and rectal neuroendocrine neoplasm (NEN) at different stages. Methods: We identified 8 679 patients with colorectal NEN diagnosed between 1988 and 2014 from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) registry, including 5 437 rectal NEN and 3 242 colon NEN ( 1 681 cecum NEN ). Survival curve was drawn by Kaplan-Meier method. Prognostic factors were analyzed by univariate analysis and multivariate Cox regression model. Results: The ratio of male patients with colon and rectal NEN was similar to female (P=0.095). Rectal NEN patients were younger (P<0.001), more highly differentiated (P<0.001), and with earlier stage (P<0.001). Survival analysis showed that the survival of rectal NEN was superior to that of colon NEN, with 10-year tumor-specific survival rates of 86.8% and 44.8% respectively (P<0.001). Multivariate Cox analysis showed that age, gender, marital status, primary tumor site, grade, stage and surgery were independent prognostic factors of colorectal NEN (all P<0.01). The most important factor was stage (HR=3.531), followed by differentiation grade (HR=1.856). Stratified analysis displayed that the survival of rectal NEN in stage Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅳ were better than those of corresponding stage of colon NEN (all P<0.05), but worse in stage Ⅲ (P=0.012). While the survival of rectal NEN were significantly better than those of colon NEN within all stages after excluding 1681 cases of cecal NEN (all P<0.05). Among the patients with well-differentiated NEN, the survival of rectal NEN in stage Ⅰ, Ⅲ and Ⅳ were better than those of corresponding stage of colon NEN (all P<0.05) while there was no significant difference in stage Ⅱ(P=0.169). For poor-differentiated NEN, only the survival of rectal NEN patients in stage Ⅳ (P=0.001) was significant longer than those of colon NEN, while there was no significant difference in stage Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ (stage Ⅰ: P=0.760; stage Ⅱ: P=0.181; stage Ⅲ: P=0.313). Conclusions: The survival of NEN patients in colon and rectum is different. Cecum NEN should be considered as a separated tumor for prognostic analysis due to its special clinicopathologic characteristics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y T Huang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, the 307th Hospital of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing 100071, China
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Abstract
Treatment of patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains a huge challenge since a widely accepted therapeutic strategy has not been identified. There are some special features in patients with HCC in China, such as are mainly related to hepatitis B virus infection, often diagnosed as advanced or end-stage disease, and usually have a poorer prognosis compared with patients in western countries. Hence, appropriate treatments are urgently needed for these patients. Notably, immune-oncology therapy has been received increased attention in recent years. Based on promising results observed in clinical trials, immune-oncology therapy has been approved for treatment of various malignant diseases and brings a new hope to the treatment of advanced HCC. The review summarizes the current situation of advanced HCC treatment in China and discusses the prospects of immuno-oncology therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J M Xu
- Department of Alimentary System Oncology, the 307th
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Xu JM, Hu H, Mao WX, Mao CZ. [Identifying T-DNA insertion site(s) of transgenic plants by whole-genome resequencing]. Yi Chuan 2018; 40:676-682. [PMID: 30117423 DOI: 10.16288/j.yczz.18-080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
The availability of T-DNA insertion sites is very important for plant functional genomics research and the screening and identification of transgenic plants. However, the present protocols for identifying T-DNA insertion sites, like reverse PCR and semi-random primer PCR, are not only complex and time-consuming, but also inefficient. In this paper, a DNA pool of three transgenic plants was sequenced by whole-genome resequencing, and four T-DNA insertion sites were identified by blasting using transgenic T-DNA sequences. After PCR and Southern blot analysis, the T-DNA insertion sites of the three transgenic plants were successfully confirmed, and one of the transgenic plants showed two insertion sites. In conclusion, this study established a simple, reliable and efficient method for obtaining T-DNA insertion sites in transgenic plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ji Ming Xu
- Institute of Plant Biology, College of Life Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Han Hu
- Institute of Plant Biology, College of Life Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Wen Xuan Mao
- Institute of Plant Biology, College of Life Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Chuan Zao Mao
- Institute of Plant Biology, College of Life Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Shen YT, Chen H, Jiao XM, Yang DH, Xu JM, Kuang XY. [The value of MRI in early diagnosis of dysbaric osteonecrosis]. Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi 2018; 36:454-456. [PMID: 30248746 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-9391.2018.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the value of MRI in the early diagnosis of diagnosis of dysbaric osteonecrosis. Methods: Labor hygiene investigation and occupation health were examined on 52 high pressure operating personnel, were selected for the examination of both shoulders, hips and knees with X-ray and CT scan. Results: The cystic sign in dysbaric osteonecrosis as an important imaging feature, which perform in the MRI examination for T1W I sequence showed low or slightly low signal and T2W I sequence showed high signal, and X-ray and CT have a lower detection rate than MRI. The Kappa consistency test showed a high consistency with the two methods. At the same time MRI examination also can discover the bone marrow cavity necrosis early pathological change. Conclusion: MRI is an effective method for the diagnosis of early dysbaric osteonecrosis, which can improve the early diagnosis rate of dysbaric osteonecrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y T Shen
- Yangpu Hospital, Tongji University, Shanhai 200090, China
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Chen Y, Wu MX, Gong JS, Zou LY, Xu JM, Zhu J, Li G. [A 3.0 T MRI study on the alterations of the volume and morphology of fifteen subcortical nucleus in patients with early post-stroke depression]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2018; 98:2471-2475. [PMID: 30138997 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2018.31.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the alterations of the volumes and 3D shapes of fifteen subcortical nucleus in patients with post-stroke depression (PSD) and to explore the pathogenesis regularity and mechanism of early PSD. Methods: From 2015 to 2017, a total of 28 patients with PSD and 18 stroke patients without depression (PSND), 13 patients with depression (De) and 11 cases of healthy volunteers (NC) were enrolled to perform 3.0 T high resolution MRI.Computer automatic segmentation and vertex analysis were used to segment and measure the volume of bilateral nucleus accumbens, caudate nucleus, putamen, globus pallidus, thalamus, hippocampus, mygdale and brainstem. Results: The volume of bilateral nucleus accumbens and bilateral thalamus, left pallidum were different among groups with statistical difference (P<0.05). The nucleus volume of the PSD group was (415±128) mm(3) (L-Nac)/(303±90) mm(3) (R-Nac), (7 590±867) mm(3) (L-Th)/(7 459±905) mm(3) (R-Th), (1 675±328) mm(3) (L-Pa), which was smaller than that of PSND group (433±100) mm(3) /(307±88) mm(3), (7 999±961) mm(3) /(7 753± 955) mm(3), (1 790±286) mm(3) and other groups.The nuclei with significantly statistical differences between inter-group were found in following: between PSD group and NC group, right accumbens and bilateral thalamus (P<0.01); between PSD group and De group, right accumbens and right thalamus (P<0.001), left accumbens, left pallidum and left thalamus (P<0.01); between PSND group and NC group, right accumbens (P<0.05); between PSND group and De group, right accumbens (P<0.001), left accumbens and right thalamus (P<0.05). Significant differences in morphology changes of nuclei (P<0.05) by F test mainly located on the top and tail of right accumbens, the anterior and middle body of right caudate nucleus, the most part of bilateral thalamus, the ventromedial body of bilateral hippocampus, the anterior and body of left caudate nucleus, especially in left thalamus. Conclusion: PSD has abnormal volume and morphological structure of subcortical nuclei, which supports the role of subcortical structures changes in the pathophysiology and pathogenesis of early PSD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Chen
- Department of Radiology , the Second Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen 518020, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Huang YT, Xu JM. [Circulating tumor DNA and targeted therapy in colorectal cancer]. Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi 2018; 40:161-165. [PMID: 29575832 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-3766.2018.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The detection of circulating tumor DNA is a quick, low cost and reliable approach of liquid biopsy of cancer. It has a wide range of applications for tumor screening because of its noninvasive, convenient and highly repeatable features. In terms of the targeted therapy in patients with colorectal cancer, serial monitoring of circulating tumor DNA, especially for the specific genetic alterations, can be used for prognosis, monitoring resistance, evaluation of therapeutic effects and screening combined targeted therapy. Therefore, it will guide more precise treatment of colorectal cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y T Huang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital Cancer Center, Military Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100071, China
| | - J M Xu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital Cancer Center, Military Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100071, China
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Xu JM, Zhu DX, Ren L. [Surgical treatment of colorectal liver metastases]. Zhonghua Wai Ke Za Zhi 2017; 55:491-495. [PMID: 28655075 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0529-5815.2017.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Surgical resection of the metastases offers the only opportunity for long-term survival in colorectal liver metastases. However, only 10% to 20% of patients present with resectable disease, and so how to increase surgical patients has been a clinical hotspot. In addition to expanding surgical indications, two-stage hepatectomy and convertible therapy are optional. In convertible therapy, initial treatment regimen decides long-term benefit, and it is important to select appropriate patient population in addition to Ras status when anti-epithelial growth factor receptor monoclonal antibody is used. Minimally invasive surgery can also be used for liver resection and simultaneous resection, and it is safe and effective. For patients with colorectal cancer and unresectable asymptomatic liver metastases, the debate continues over the efficacy of primary resection compared to chemotherapy alone, limited by lack of prospective evidence. Therefore, multidisciplinary team assessment is essential to optimize outcomes in colorectal liver metastases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J M Xu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Colorectal Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Institute of General Surgery, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Leung TM, Xu JM, Chau CK, Tang SK, Pun-Cheng LSC. The effects of neighborhood views containing multiple environmental features on road traffic noise perception at dwellings. J Acoust Soc Am 2017; 141:2399. [PMID: 28464619 DOI: 10.1121/1.4979336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The importance of non-acoustical factors including the type of visual environment on human noise perception becomes increasingly recognized. In order to reveal the relationships between long-term noise annoyance and different types of neighborhood views, 2033 questionnaire responses were collected for studying the effect of perceptions of different combinations of views of sea, urban river, greenery, and/or noise barrier on the annoyance responses from residents living in high-rise apartments in Hong Kong. The collected responses were employed to formulate a multivariate model to predict the probability of invoking a high annoyance response from residents. Results showed that views of sea, urban river, or greenery could lower the probability, while views of noise barrier could increase the probability. Views of greenery had a stronger noise moderation capability than views of sea or urban river. The presence of an interaction effect between views of water and views of noise barrier exerted a negative influence on the noise annoyance moderation capability. The probability due to exposure to an environment containing views of noise barriers and urban rivers would be even higher than that due to exposure to an environment containing views of noise barriers alone.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T M Leung
- Department of Building Services Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - J M Xu
- Department of Building Services Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - C K Chau
- Department of Building Services Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - S K Tang
- Department of Building Services Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - L S C Pun-Cheng
- Department of Geo-Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Zhang X, Joy JC, Zhao C, Kim JH, Fernandes G, Xu JM, Valles JM. Evaporating metal nanocrystal arrays. Nanotechnology 2017; 28:105302. [PMID: 28094238 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/aa59c8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) substrates with a self-ordered triangular array of nanopores provide the means to fabricate multiple forms of nano materials, such as nanowires and nanoparticles. This study focuses on nanostructures that emerge in thin films of metals thermally evaporated onto the surface of AAO. Previous work showed that films of different evaporated metals assume dramatically different structures, e.g. an ordered triangular array of nearly monodisperse nanoparticles forms for lead (Pb) while a polycrystalline nanohoneycomb structure forms for silver (Ag). Here, we present investigations of the effects of substrate temperature and deposition angle that reveal the processes controlling the nano particle array formation. Our findings indicate that arrays form provided the grain nucleation density exceeds the pore density and the atomic mobility is high enough to promote grain coalescence. They introduce a method for producing films with anisotropic grain array structure. The results provide insight into the influence of substrate nano-morphology on thin film growth energetics and kinetics that can be harnessed for creating films with other novel nano-structures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xue Zhang
- Physics Department, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, United States of America
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Nguyen HQ, Hollen SM, Shainline J, Xu JM, Valles JM. Driving a Superconductor to Insulator Transition with Random Gauge Fields. Sci Rep 2016; 6:38166. [PMID: 27901081 PMCID: PMC5128869 DOI: 10.1038/srep38166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Accepted: 11/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Typically the disorder that alters the interference of particle waves to produce Anderson localization is potential scattering from randomly placed impurities. Here we show that disorder in the form of random gauge fields that act directly on particle phases can also drive localization. We present evidence of a superfluid bose glass to insulator transition at a critical level of this gauge field disorder in a nano-patterned array of amorphous Bi islands. This transition shows signs of metallic transport near the critical point characterized by a resistance , indicative of a quantum phase transition. The critical disorder depends on interisland coupling in agreement with recent Quantum Monte Carlo simulations. We discuss how this disorder tuned SIT differs from the common frustration tuned SIT that also occurs in magnetic fields. Its discovery enables new high fidelity comparisons between theoretical and experimental studies of disorder effects on quantum critical systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Q Nguyen
- Department of Physics, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912 USA.,Nano and Energy Center, Hanoi University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - S M Hollen
- Department of Physics, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912 USA.,Department of Physics, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824 USA
| | - J Shainline
- Department of Physics, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912 USA.,National Institute of Standards and Technology, 325 Broadway, Boulder, Colorado, 80305, USA
| | - J M Xu
- Department of Physics, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912 USA.,School of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - J M Valles
- Department of Physics, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912 USA
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Abstract
Numerous studies have evaluated the association between the A1166C polymorphism in the angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AGTR1) gene and immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) risk. However, this relationship remains controversial. Our aim was to evaluate the relationship between this polymorphism and IgAN susceptibility by performing a meta-analysis. Articles were identified in the PubMed, Google Scholar, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases, and after selection, five eligible studies were included. Statistical analyses were carried out using Stata 12.0, combining data from all the relevant studies. The pooled odds ratios (ORs) regarding the association between the AGTR1 A1166C polymorphism and IgAN risk were not statistically significant [A vs C: OR = 0.64, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.24-1.68; AA vs AC+CC: OR = 1.02, 95%CI = 0.74-1.39; CC vs AC+AA: OR = 1.20, 95%CI = 0.48-2.98; AC vs AA+CC: OR = 0.96, 95%CI = 0.70-1.31]. In conclusion, the AGTR1 gene A1166C polymorphism may not be correlated with IgAN susceptibility. However, further studies should be performed to confirm this finding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J M Xu
- Medical College of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China.,Department of Nephrology, Dong E Hospital, Dong E, Shandong Province, China
| | - X Song
- Intensive Care Unit, Dong E Hospital, Dong E, Shandong Province, China
| | - F Gao
- Department of Pathology, Dong E Hospital, Dong E, Shandong Province, China
| | - R Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Liu LN, Xu HX, Zheng SG, Sun LP, Guo LH, Zhang YF, Xu JM, Liu C, Xu XH. Ultrasound Findings of Intraductal Papillary Neoplasm in Bile Duct and the Added Value of Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound. Ultraschall Med 2015; 36:594-602. [PMID: 25188491 DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1366672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the imaging features of intraductal papillary neoplasm in bile duct (IPNB) on baseline ultrasound and contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS). MATERIALS AND METHODS The imaging features on baseline ultrasound and CEUS in 16 pathologically proven IPNB lesions in 15 patients were retrospectively analyzed. Real-time contrast specific modes and contrast agent of SonoVue were used for CEUS. RESULTS Bile duct dilation was present in all patients. The mean lengths for the intraductal papillary adenomas and adenocarcinomas were 2.5 ± 1.1 (range, 1.2 - 4.2 cm) and 5.6 ± 2.0 cm (range, 3.3 - 9.8 cm) (P = 0.004). Three imaging types of IPNB on ultrasound were depicted: bile duct dilation with intraductal mass (n = 8), bile duct dilation without intraductal mass (n = 3), and cystic-solid mixed type (n = 5). On CEUS, solid components of 13 lesions appeared hyper- (n = 12) or iso-enhancement (n = 1) in the arterial phase whereas all showed hypo-enhancement in the portal and late phases. For 3 lesions of bile duct dilation without intraductal mass, CEUS showed non-enhancement during all phases. Pre-surgical CEUS and conventional ultrasound made correct diagnoses in 12 (75.0 %) and 5(31.3 %) of 16 IPNBs respectively (P = 0.04). For CECT, correct diagnosis was also achieved in 12 (75.0 %) of 16 lesions (P = 1.00, in comparison with CEUS). CONCLUSIONS IPNB should be taken into consideration when intraductal mass or cystic-solid mass with bile duct dilation, or remarkable bile duct dilation without intraductal mass, are found on US. Intraductal mass length > 3.0 cm is more commonly found in malignant IPNB. CEUS might facilitate the diagnosis of IPNB by easily excluding the possibility of commonly found sludge, nonshadowing stones, or blood clots.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L N Liu
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - H X Xu
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - S G Zheng
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - L P Sun
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - L H Guo
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Y F Zhang
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - J M Xu
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - C Liu
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - X H Xu
- Department of Ultrasound, Guangdong Medical College Affiliated Hospital, Zhanjiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Xu JM, Weng MZ, Song FB, Chen JY, Zhang JY, Wu JY, Qin J, Jin T, Wang XL. Blockade of the CXCR6 signaling inhibits growth and invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma cells through inhibition of the VEGF expression. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2015; 27:553-61. [PMID: 25572735 DOI: 10.1177/039463201402700411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemokines have been shown to play a critical role in tumor development and progression. However, little is known about the function and molecular mechanisms of CXCR6 in multiple malignancies. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the role of CXCR6 in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The expression of CXCR6 was examined by immunohistochemical assay using a tissue microarray procedure. A loss-of-function experiment was performed to explore the effects of lentivirus-mediated CXCR6 shRNA (shCXCR6) on cell proliferation and invasive potential by MTT and Transwell assays in HCC cell line (SMMC-7721). It was found that the expression of CXCR6 protein was significantly increased in HCC tissues compared with that in adjacent non-cancerous tissues (ANCT) (63.04% vs 36.96%, P=0.019), and correlated with the lymph-vascular space invasion in HCC patients (P=0.038). Knockdown of CXCR6 repressed cell proliferation and invasion of HCC cells followed by the down-regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Taken together, our findings show that high expression of CXCR6 is positively associated with distant invasion of HCC patients, and blockade of CXCR6 signaling suppresses the growth and invasion of HCC cells through inhibition of the VEGF expression, suggesting that CXCR6 may represent a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J M Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai First Peoples Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - M Z Weng
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai First Peoples Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - F B Song
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai First Peoples Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - J Y Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai First Peoples Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - J Y Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai First Peoples Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - J Y Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai First Peoples Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - J Qin
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai First Peoples Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - T Jin
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai First Peoples Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - X L Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai First Peoples Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Kuang XY, Chen LJ, Li HL, Yao F, Xu JM, Huang F, Guo LJ. A study on dysbaric osteonecrosis in caisson workers. Undersea Hyperb Med 2014; 41:229-233. [PMID: 24984318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To study the effects of exposure to compressed air on tunnel workers' health and to investigate the prevalence of dysbaric osteonecrosis (DON) in caisson workers. METHODS 128 tunnel workers were divided into the exposed group (n = 58) and the control group (n = 70), and their shoulders, hips and knees were examined with X-ray, computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). RESULTS 1) 34.5% of the exposed group were diagnosed with DON based on the national diagnostic criteria of decompression sickness. 2) The incidental difference of skeletal cystic changes between the exposed group and the control group was highly statistically significant (p < 0.01). 3) CT and MRI examination could detect early onset of DON lesions, and the cystic changes shown in CT and abnormal signals in MRI were diagnostic indicators in cases. CONCLUSION Cystic changes in CT and abnormal signals in MRI are key imaging findings of early DON.
Collapse
|
38
|
Xu SC, Zhang YX, Luo YY, Wang S, Ding HL, Xu JM, Li GH. Ag-decorated TiO₂ nanograss for 3D SERS-active substrate with visible light self-cleaning and reactivation. Analyst 2013; 138:4519-25. [PMID: 23774192 DOI: 10.1039/c3an00750b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The production of SERS-active substrates which are uniform, sensitive, reproducibile and durable still remains an important issue. Here, we report a strategy for the fabrication of a large-area Ag-decorated TiO₂ nanograss SERS-active substrate by a simple solvothermal approach combined with Ag evaporation. The nanograss consists of dense rutile TiO₂ nanorods of about 5 nm in diameter and the decorated Ag nanoparticles are an average of 8 nm in diameter. The Ag protrusions and gaps between them contribute to three dimensional SERS "hot spots" which can be modulated by simply controlling the Ag evaporating parameters. The Ag-decorated TiO₂ substrate is highly efficient in detecting rhodamine 6G (R6G) and 4-aminothiophenol (4-ATP) molecules and has good homogeneity. An obvious red shift and even high enhancement of b₂ vibration mode were observed in detecting 4-ATP due to the effective charge transfer from the Ag atoms to sulfur atoms. The Ag-decorated TiO₂ substrate can be easily self-cleaned and reactivated by visible light irradiation without obvious degeneration of SERS signals. Our results demonstrate that the Ag-decorated TiO₂ substrate with high and homogeneous SERS activity has potential feasibility as a sensitive SERS probe.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S C Xu
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, Anhui Key Lab of Nanomaterials and Nanostructure, Institute of Solid State Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, PR China.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Nguyen HQ, Hollen SM, Stewart MD, Shainline J, Yin A, Xu JM, Valles JM. Observation of giant positive magnetoresistance in a Cooper pair insulator. Phys Rev Lett 2009; 103:157001. [PMID: 19905659 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.103.157001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2009] [Revised: 09/18/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Ultrathin amorphous Bi films, patterned with a nanohoneycomb array of holes, can exhibit an insulating phase with transport dominated by the incoherent motion of Cooper pairs (CP) of electrons between localized states. Here, we show that the magnetoresistance (MR) of this Cooper pair insulator (CPI) phase is positive and grows exponentially with decreasing temperature T, for T well below the pair formation temperature. It peaks at a field estimated to be sufficient to break the pairs and then decreases monotonically into a regime in which the film resistance assumes the T dependence appropriate for weakly localized single electron transport. We discuss how these results support proposals that the large MR peaks in other unpatterned, ultrathin film systems disclose a CPI phase and provide new insight into the CP localization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Q Nguyen
- Department of Physics, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Luo BF, Du L, Li JX, Pan BY, Xu JM, Chen J, Yin XY, Ren Y, Zhang F. Heritability of metabolic syndrome traits among healthy younger adults: a population based study in China. J Med Genet 2009; 47:415-20. [PMID: 19755428 DOI: 10.1136/jmg.2009.068932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To estimate heritability of metabolic syndrome traits among healthy younger adults in a human population in China, and examine potential sex differences in heritability and parental effect on metabolic syndrome traits. METHODS Using offspring-parent regression, we estimated heritability (h(2)) of metabolic syndrome traits based on 452 child-parent triads identified from a population based random survey on metabolic syndrome among people over 15 years of age in Guangzhou, China. RESULTS Body mass index (BMI), cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and waist circumference (waist-C) were more heritable (h(2), 0.42-0.545), whereas systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and triglycerides (TG) were less heritable (h(2), 0.14-0.28). Sons had pronounced increases in heritability for all traits over daughters, particularly for cholesterol (0.653 vs 0.356), FPG (0.602 vs 0.313), LDL-C (0.521 vs 0.329), and TG (0.395 vs 0.187). Offspring-mother seemed to have a higher heritability in every trait except FPG (0.67 vs 0.794) than offspring-father, most notably for DBP (0.308 vs 0.122), SBP (0.288 vs 0.146), TG (0.387 vs 0.239) and waist-C (0.581 vs 0.354). CONCLUSION We estimated the heritability of metabolic syndrome traits in a human population based on a unique population based offspring-parent sample from China, and found important evidence that the maternal and paternal effects on these traits are different and the sex difference in heritability is pronounced.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B F Luo
- Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230031, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
|
42
|
Wang HZ, Gan J, Zhang JB, Xu JM, Yates SR, Wu JJ, Ye QF. Kinetic distribution of 14C-metsulfuron-methyl residues in paddy soils under different moisture conditions. J Environ Qual 2009; 38:164-170. [PMID: 19141806 DOI: 10.2134/jeq2007.0607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Rice paddy soils undergo several cycles of drying and wetting during a growing season. A laboratory study was conducted to determine the effect of soil moisture conditions on the distribution and kinetics of extractable and bound residues of 14C-metsulfuron-methyl in six Chinese paddy soils during 84 d of incubation at 15 degrees C with moisture contents varying from 20 to 50% of the field water-holding capacity. The amount of extractable residues consistently increased and bound residues decreased with increasing soil moisture content. At the end of the incubation experiments, extractable residues and bound residues accounted for 34.5 to 84.4% and 11.6 to 53.3% of applied radioactivity in soils, respectively. Soil pH and soil microbial biomass carbon were the most predominant factors affecting the formation and relative distribution of herbicide residues between extractable and bound residue forms. In high-pH soils, bound residues decreased and extractable residues increased, suggesting an increased leaching risk for metsulfuron-methyl in alkaline soils. High precipitation rates, along with the common practice of liming in southeastern China, may lead to enhanced herbicide leaching as well as phytotoxicity to rotation plants and should be considered in overall pest management practices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Z Wang
- Inst. of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Zhao PS, Xu JM, Zhang WG, Jian FF, Zhang L. Synthesis, characterization, and quantum chemical calculational studies on 3-p-methylphenyl-4-amino- 1, 2, 4-triazole-5-thione. Struct Chem 2007. [DOI: 10.1007/s11224-007-9235-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
44
|
Xu JM, Song ST, Feng FY, Huang FL, Yang Y, Xie GR, Xu LG, Zhang CZ, Bruno M, Paradiso A. Cobrotoxin-containing analgesic compound to treat chronic moderate to severe cancer pain: results from a randomized, double-blind, cross-over study and from an open-label study. Oncol Rep 2007; 16:1077-84. [PMID: 17016596 DOI: 10.3892/or.16.5.1077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Cobrotoxin produces intense analgesia but it has an onset of response of 1-3 h which hampers its clinical use in cancer pain. Recently, a compound analgesic formulation combining cobrotoxin, tramadol hydrochloride and ibuprofen (Compound Keluoqu, CKLQ) has become available in China. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy of CKLQ for moderate to severe cancer pain. A consecutive series of patients with chronic moderate to severe cancer pain was enrolled into two multicenter trials. Of the 230 eligible patients, 119 were assigned to a randomized, double-blind, cross-over study, while 111 entered an open-label study. They were all of Han-China nationality and had a mean age of 52.0 and 55.4 years and a mean body weight of 55.6 and 52.9 kg, respectively. A total of 11 patients discontinued the study, 6 (54.5%) because of insufficient pain relief and 5 due to the occurrence of adverse events. In the cross-over study, 59 patients were randomized to receive a CKLQ package with 2 CKLQ tablets (each containing 0.16 mg cobrotoxin, 25 mg tramadol hydrochloride and 50 mg ibuprofen) and 2 placebo capsules, a placebo package with 2 placebo tablets and 2 placebo capsules, and an active control package with 2 tramadol hydrochloride capsules (each containing 50 mg tramadol hydrochloride) and 2 placebo tablets (arm A), and 60 to receive a tramadol hydrochloride package, a placebo package and a CKLQ package (arm B), sequentially and only once. Patients in the open-label study only received CKLQ and were given the option to continue for up to 7 days as long as they had satisfactory pain relief. Pain response was classified as CR, PR and NC. CR was defined as 100% pain relief, with a pain score of 0 on a 0-10 VAS. PR was defined as decreased to mild pain, with a pain score of no more than 4 on a 0-10 VAS. NC was defined as pain that either remained unchanged or that was reduced from severe to moderate at baseline, with a VAS pain score of more than 4 after treatment. One hundred and eight patients completed the cross-over study with all the three drug units. The overall rate of pain relief was 93/111 (83.7%) for CKLQ, 75/110 (68.2%) for tramadol hydrochloride (P=0.011) and 39/111 (35.1%) for placebo (P<0.001). The mean duration of pain relief with CKLQ was significantly longer than that of the other two agents (P<0.001). Of the 35 patients who did not respond to tramadol hydrochloride, 27 (77.1%) responded to CKLQ, while of the 18 who did not respond to CKLQ, 8 (55.6%) achieved satisfactory pain control with tramadol hydrochloride. In the open-label study, the overall relief rate of a single-dose of CKLQ was 99/111 (89.2%). A reduction in the percentage of complete relief, an increase in that of PR and a significant decrease in duration of relief were observed after continuous treatment with at least 10 doses of CKLQ. The frequency of adverse events for CKLQ was similar to that of tramadol hydrochloride. The results of the randomized, double-blind, cross-over study and the open-label study of CKLQ in cancer patients with chronic moderate to severe cancer pain suggest that the CKLQ may be valuable for the treatment of chronic moderate to severe cancer pain. However, the tolerance of CKLQ remains to be further defined.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J M Xu
- Beijing 307 Hospital Cancer Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Cloutier SG, Eakin JN, Guico RS, Sousa ME, Crawford GP, Xu JM. Molecular self-organization in cylindrical nanocavities. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2006; 73:051703. [PMID: 16802950 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.73.051703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2005] [Revised: 03/01/2006] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
We studied molecular organization in cylindrical nanocavities using liquid crystals. NMR analysis shows high surface-induced ordering way above the bulk critical temperature. The surface-order evolution reveals replacement of the isotropic phase by a paranematic phase and surface-induced disordering in the nematic phase. Due to strong surface potential and nanoconfinement, complete wetting and continuous evolution of the surface-order parameter are observed through the nematic-paranematic transition. As we show, the counter-intuitive absence of complete phase transition at the interface while an abrupt phase transition was measured in the averaged order parameter is in good agreement with established theories.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S G Cloutier
- Division of Engineering and Department of Physics, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Abstract
Concentrations of heavy metals (Pb, Zn, Cd, Cu) were determined in soils and vegetables (chrysanthemum, spinach and four cultivars of Chinese cabbage from the area adjacent to a Pb/Zn mine in Shaoxing, Zhejiang province, China, and compared with the Chinese National Standards for Soil Environmental Quality. The accumulation of heavy metals in cabbage cv. Siyuegreen was investigated at different distances from the center of the mine. The vegetable plantation soils were polluted with Pb, Cd, Cu and Zn, especially by Pb and Cd. The levels of Pb and Cd were 20 and 30 times higher than the permitted standards, indicating that this Pb/Zn mining area is unsuitable for agricultural use. Chinese cabbage, chrysanthemum and spinach had different enrichment coefficients. The enrichment coefficient of Cd from soil to roots of chrysanthemum was >80% and from roots to leaves of cabbage cv. Shanghaigreen was >120%. These vegetables were polluted by heavy metals and could not be regarded as safe for human consumption. Environmental accumulation of heavy metals in the vegetable plantation soils was proportional to heavy metal accumulation in vegetables and both were inversely proportional to the distance from the lead/zinc mine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Li
- Institute for Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, 310029 Hangzhou, China.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Withey GD, Lazareck AD, Tzolov MB, Yin A, Aich P, Yeh JI, Xu JM. Ultra-high redox enzyme signal transduction using highly ordered carbon nanotube array electrodes. Biosens Bioelectron 2005; 21:1560-5. [PMID: 16129596 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2005.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2005] [Revised: 07/01/2005] [Accepted: 07/12/2005] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
We report on a highly ordered array of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) that serves as a universally direct nanoelectrode interface for redox proteins and provides an efficient conduit for electron transfer. The site-selective, covalent docking of the enzyme glucose oxidase (GO(x)) on the CNT tips is found to have a marked effect on enhancing electron transfer properties, as measured by cyclic voltammetry. A unimolecular electron transfer rate of 1500 s(-1) has been measured for this system, a value exceeding the rate of oxygen reduction by glucose oxidase. Furthermore, the redox enzyme-CNT array conjugate can be utilized as a quantitative, substrate-specific biosensor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G D Withey
- Division of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Abstract
We describe a strategy that permits discrete regions of arrayed carbon nanotubes (CNTs) to be functionalized simultaneously and specifically with DNA oligonucleotides. The different chemical properties of two regions on single CNTs and orthogonal chemical coupling strategies have been exploited to derivatize CNTs within highly ordered arrays with multiple DNA sequences. Through duplex hybridization, we then targeted different DNA sequences with appended metal nanoparticles to distinct sites on the CNT architecture with precise spatial control. The materials generated from these studies represent the first CNTs with bipartite functionalization. The approach described provides a high level of precision in parallel and directed assembly of DNA sequences and appended cargo and is useful for the preparation of novel hybrid bionanomaterials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bradford J Taft
- Department of Chemistry, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Hartman AZ, Jouzi M, Barnett RL, Xu JM. Theoretical and experimental studies of carbon nanotube electromechanical coupling. Phys Rev Lett 2004; 92:236804. [PMID: 15245185 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.92.236804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2003] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We present an investigation into electromechanical coupling in carbon nanotubes by focusing on phonon frequency shifts as a result of charge injection. A nearest-neighbor, tight-binding theoretical model is accompanied by a computational explication carried out using the Vienna ab initio simulation package density functional theory code. Raman spectroscopic measurements of the electromechanic couplings under varied but controlled charge injection conditions are also carried out, and the close agreement between the model results and the measured Raman peak shifts suggests that geometrical changes of charged carbon nanotubes previously observed or speculated in different experiments can indeed originate from the simple quantum effects described herein.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Z Hartman
- Division of Engineering and Department of Physics, Brown University, Box D, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Tzolov M, Chang B, Yin A, Straus D, Xu JM, Brown G. Electronic transport in a controllably grown carbon nanotube-silicon heterojunction array. Phys Rev Lett 2004; 92:075505. [PMID: 14995870 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.92.075505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2003] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
A uniform array of a new type of heterojunction formed between carbon nanotubes and silicon is studied. The heterojunction array was controllably grown with parallel and uniform nanotubes vertically aligned to the silicon substrate using a self-organized nanopore array template. The pronounced rectifying characteristics of the heterojunction were measured with an on/off ratio as high as 10(5) at 4 V. The analysis shows a large and type-I band offset at the heterojunction. The charge transport in the nanotubes is found to be strongly coupled to and limited by the dielectric charging and polarization in the hosting alumina matrix surrounding the nanotubes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Tzolov
- Division of Engineering, Brown University, 182 Hope Street, Providence, RI 02912, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|